热点话题04 追忆杨振宁先生——献身科学精神
目录
时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创语法填空
【原创·语法填空】
【课标词汇积累】
【课标词汇训练】
【参考译文】
好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练
【阅读理解】
【阅读7 选5】
【完形填空】
【语法填空】
【话题·导语】
中国诺贝尔奖得主、现代物理学最具影响力的科学家之一杨振宁周六在北京逝世，享年103 岁。
【原文·时文阅读】
文章来源：https://apnews.com/article/china-nobel-laureate-physicist-chen-ning-yang-
fb5709847c4dbe01e967e5eb1df28c18
Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Chen Ning Yang dies at 103
BEIJING (AP) — Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential
scientists in modern physics, died in Beijing on Saturday. He was 103.
The prestigious Tsinghua University, where he studied and served as a professor, said in a statement that
Yang died of an illness, without sharing further details.
“Professor Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century, having made revolutionary
contributions to the development of modern physics,” the statement said, praising his contribution to China’s
scientific and educational developments.
读时文精读
Yang won the Nobel Prize in 1957 with Tsung-Dao Lee for their investigation of the so-called parity laws
that led to “important discoveries regarding the elementary particles,” according to the Nobel Prize website. They
were the first Chinese-born Nobel Prize winners in physics.
Yang, also known as Frank or Franklin, was also famous for his Yang–Mills theory developed with American
physicist Robert Mills.
Born in 1922, Yang was brought up surrounded by the Tsinghua campus, where his father was a math
professor, the website said. After finishing his undergraduate degree, he obtained his master’s degree from
Tsinghua.
He enrolled in the University of Chicago in the United States to pursue a doctorate in 1946 and was strongly
influenced by Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, who had won the same Nobel Prize in 1938, the website
said. He later became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
In 1986, he became a distinguished Professor-at-large at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, to which he
generously donated many of his awards and articles, including the Nobel Prize. Starting from 1999, he served as a
professor at Tsinghua.
【原创·语法填空】
BEIJING (AP) — Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential
scientists in modern physics, died in Beijing on Saturday. He was 103.
The prestigious Tsinghua University, 1.__________ he studied and served as a professor, said in a statement
that Yang died of an illness, without sharing further details.
“Professor Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century, 2.__________（have） made
revolutionary contributions to the development of modern physics,” the statement said, praising his contribution to
China’s scientific and educational 3.__________（development）developments.
Yang 4.__________（win） the Nobel Prize in 1957 with Tsung-Dao Lee for their investigation of the so-
called parity laws that led to “important discoveries regarding the elementary particles,” according to the Nobel
Prize website. They were the 5.__________（one） Chinese-born Nobel Prize winners in physics.
Yang, also 6.__________ （know ） as Frank or Franklin, was also famous for his Yang–Mills theory
developed with American physicist Robert Mills.
Born in 1922, Yang was brought up surrounded by the Tsinghua campus, where his father was 7.__________
math professor, the website said. After finishing his undergraduate degree, he obtained his master’s degree from
Tsinghua.
He enrolled in the University of Chicago in the United States to pursue a doctorate in 1946 and was
8.__________（strong） influenced by Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, who had won the same Nobel
Prize in 1938, the website said. He later became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
In 1986, he became a 9.__________（distinguish） Professor-at-large at the Chinese University of Hong
Kong,10.__________ which he generously donated many of his awards and articles, including the Nobel Prize.
Starting from 1999, he served as a professor at Tsinghua.
【课标词汇积累】
1.influential adj.有影响力的, 有支配力的; n.有影响力的人物
The teacher's influential guidance helped the student develop a strong interest in scientific research. ( 老
师的影响力使学生对科研产生了浓厚兴趣。)
2.prestigious adj.受尊敬的，有声望的
The school's prestigious reputation attracts students who are eager to excel academically. (学校的声誉吸
引了渴望在学业上出类拔萃的学生。)
3.revolutionary adj.革命的, 创新的, 突破性的
The revolutionary teaching method transformed the way students engage with complex subjects. (革命性
的教学方法改变了学生学习复杂科目的方式。)
4.contribution n.贡献, 捐款
Volunteering in community service is a meaningful contribution to society. (参与社区志愿服务是对社会的
有意义贡献。)
5.educational adj.教育的, 有教育意义的
Educational games can make learning more enjoyable and effective for elementary students. (教育类游戏
能让小学生的学习更有趣且高效。)
6. investigation n.调查, 学术研究
Scientific investigation skills are essential for students to develop critical thinking. (科学调查能力对学生培
养批判性思维至关重要。)
7.elementary adj.基本的, 初级的, 简单的
Elementary students should establish good study habits early to benefit their future learning. (小学生应尽
早养成良好的学习习惯，以利于未来学习。)
8. enrol v.注册, 登记, 招收
The university saw a significant increase in students who enrolled in online courses this year. (今年报名在
线课程的大学生数量显著增加。)
9.pursue vt.继续, 追求, 进行, 追捕; vi.追，追赶, 继续进行
After graduation, she decided to pursue further studies abroad to broaden her horizons. (毕业后，她决定
出国深造以拓宽视野。)
10.distinguished adj.卓越的, 著名的, 受人尊敬的, 显得重要的
The school awarded scholarships to distinguished students for their outstanding performance. (学校为表
现优异的学生颁发了奖学金。)
【课标词汇训练】
根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。
1.Social media has become an _____________ factor in shaping students' study habits and lifestyles. (社交媒体
已成为影响学生学习习惯和生活方式的重要因素。)
2.Graduating from a _____________ university can open many doors for future career opportunities. (毕业于名
牌大学能为未来职业发展打开许多机会。)
3.Online learning platforms have brought _____________ changes to traditional education systems. (在线学习
平台为传统教育体系带来了革命性变革。)
4.The student's _____________ to the group project was highly praised by the teacher. (学生在小组项目中的贡
献得到了老师的高度赞扬。)
5.Parents play a crucial role in their children's _____________ development. (家长在孩子的教育发展中起着关键
作用。)
6.The school launched an _____________ into the causes of students' declining reading habits. (学校对学生阅
读习惯下降的原因展开了调查。)
7.The _____________level of mathematics focuses on basic arithmetic and problem-solving. (小学数学的重点是
基础算术和问题解决能力。)
8.Many students choose to _____________ in extracurricular activities to explore their interests. (许多学生选择
报名课外活动以探索兴趣。)
9.Students who _____________ their passions often achieve greater success in their careers. (追逐热情的学生通
常在职业生涯中取得更大成就。)
10.The _____________ professor was invited to give a lecture on innovative teaching methods. (这位杰出的教
授受邀讲授创新教学方法。)
【参考译文】
中国诺贝尔奖得主、现代物理学最具影响力的科学家之一杨振宁周六在北京逝世，享年103 岁。
他曾经就读并担任教授的清华大学在一份声明中表示，杨致远死于疾病，但没有透露更多细节。
“杨教授是20 世纪最伟大的物理学家之一，对现代物理学的发展做出了革命性的贡献，”声明说，赞扬
了他对中国科学和教育发展的贡献。
根据诺贝尔奖网站的说法，杨振宁和李政道因对所谓的宇称定律的研究而获得了1957 年的诺贝尔奖，这
导致了“关于基本粒子的重要发现”。他们是首次获得诺贝尔物理学奖的中国出生的人。
杨（又名弗兰克或富兰克林）因与美国物理学家罗伯特·米尔斯共同创立的杨-米尔斯理论而闻名。据该网
站报道，杨出生在1922 年，他的父亲是清华大学的数学教授，他在清华大学的校园里长大。完成本科学业后，
他获得了清华大学的硕士学位。
据该网站报道，他于1946 年进入美国芝加哥大学攻读博士学位，深受意大利裔美国物理学家恩里科·费米
的影响，后者曾在1938 年获得同一项诺贝尔奖。后来，他成为普林斯顿高等研究院的教授。
1986 年，他出任香港中文大学杰出教授，并慷慨捐赠了包括诺贝尔奖在内的诸多奖项和论文。1999 年起，
他开始在清华大学任教。
Passage1 阅读理解
（2026·北京市第二中学高三上学期开学测）
Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings
throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than
200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton.
Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn’t been born yet, or is a baby now. That’s because the quest for a
unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New
math must be created before the problem can be solved.
But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon.
For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein’s day, there were only a few thousand
physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a
streetcar with seats to spare.
Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein’s training that is overlooked is the years of
philosophy he read as a teenager — Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think
independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn’t long before he became a philosopher himself.
“The independence created by philosophical insight is — in my opinion — the mark of distinction between a
mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth,” Einstein wrote in 1944.
And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein
would furiously play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem.
Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they
go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical — and rewarding — efforts.
“Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene “but it would
be a lot harder for him to be heard.”
Especially considering what Einstein was proposing.
“The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!” Greene said at a recent gathering at
练好题精练
the Aspen Institute. “It takes a certain type of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe
you'll find the solution.”
Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his “miracle year” of 1905. These
“thought experiments” were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der
Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations.
What might happen to such a submission today?
“We all get papers like those in the mail,” Greene said. “We put them in the junk file.”
1．What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs?
A．Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits.
B．It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory.
C．No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years.
D．It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges.
2．What was critical to Einstein’s success?
A．His talent as an accomplished musician
B．His independent and abstract thinking.
C．His untiring effort to fulfill his potential. D．His solid foundation in math theory.
3．What does the author tell us about physicists today?
A．They tend to neglect training in analytical skills.
B．They are very good at solving practical problems.
C．They attach great importance to publishing academic papers.
D．They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits.
4．What does Brian Greene imply by saying “…it would be a lot harder for him to be heard” (Underlined, Para.
9)?
A．People have to compete in order to get their papers published.
B．It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today.
C．Papers like Einstein’s would unlikely get published today.
D．Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories.
【词汇积累】
1.memorial n.纪念碑, 纪念物; adj.纪念的 2.emerge v.出现，兴起, 摆脱, 暴露, 露头 3.intellectually adv.知
性上，智力上 4.philosophy n.哲学, 哲学思想, 生活信条 6.furiously adv.狂怒地, 狂暴地，猛烈地, 气势汹
汹, 怒冲冲 7.prestigious adj.受尊敬的，有声望的 8. analytical adj.分析（法）的, 分解的
Passage2 阅读理解
（2026·江苏扬州高邮市高三上学期开学调研测）
Albert Einstein asked himself at the age of 16: What would we observe if we travelled at the speed of light?
Imagining himself pursuing a beam of light, he reasoned that he should observe such a beam of light as an
electromagnetic field at rest. This intuitive (直觉的) thinking later played an important role in the development of
his special theory of relativity and later came to be known as one of Einstein’s most famous thought experiments.
Thought experiments, put simply, are experiments carried out in the laboratory of the mind. Or, they take
place in the imagination. We set up some hypothetical (假设的) situation, carry out an operation, see what happens,
and draw a conclusion from our analysis. As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point where it
is impossible to run an experimental plan in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations. In the
circumstances, we move into the area of thought experiments, which function as a valuable means to test the limits
of our knowledge and advance our understanding of the world.
While the term originated in the 19th century, the use of thought experiments can be traced much further
back, when ancient philosophers used them to explore difficult questions. About 2500 years ago, Chinese
philosopher Zhuangzi recorded one of the earliest thought experiments: if you cut a long stick in half and then cut
the remaining part in two each following day, you will never finish cutting it. With the birth of modern science,
thought experiments, an important tool for scientists, are regularly used in the areas of physics, philosophy,
economics and the sciences.
Throughout history, thought experiments have contributed to the development of scientific theories. With
logical reasoning, thought experiments are capable of putting forward a new theory and supporting or disproving an
existing theory.
However, thought experiments are not always about proving something right or wrong with a definite
answer. Instead, by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible, thought experiments can
stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question, allowing us to explore the
outcome of a given hypothesis which has real-life significance. They also help us stretch our minds by confronting
and considering difficult questions.
5．Why does the author mention the limitation of real-world experiments?
A．To show the difficulty in thought experiments.
B．To explain the reasons for thought experiments.
C．To prove uselessness of real-world experiments.
D．To compare the costs of two types of experiments.
6．What is the main content of Paragraph 4?
A．Thought experiments help advance knowledge.
B．Thought experiments always outweigh real ones.
C．Thought experiments are time-honored in research.
D．Using thought experiments is challenged in studies.
7．Which statement would the author most probably agree with?
A．Thought experiments will replace real-world ones in the future.
B．Without thought experiments, there would be no scientific theories.
C．Thought experiments help address real-life problems indirectly.
D．Only great scientists can design effective thought experiments.
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Einstein’s Great Contribution to Physics B．The History of Scientific Experiments
C．Thought Experiments and Their Values
D．How to Design a Thought Experiment
【长难句分析】
【文章原句】Instead, by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible, thought experiments can
stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question, allowing us to explore the outcome
of a given hypothesis which has real-life significance.
【句式分析】 这个句子是一个复合句。by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible 是方式
状语， allowing us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis……作结果状语。which has real-life significance 是
定语从句修饰先行词 hypothesis。
【翻译】相反，通过使抽象、复杂的想法更具体、更易于理解，思想实验可以刺激辩论，并导致对所讨论的
话题有更彻底的理解，允许我们探索一个具有现实意义的假设的结果。
Passage 3 阅读七选五
（2024·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校高三下学期第二次模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1 We build cultures by the hundreds and new stories by the millions. We surround ourselves with
things that have never existed before, while pigs and llamas and goldfish do not. But where do our new ideas come
from?
Through the history of human activities, prior art promotes the creative process. Before 1908, each vehicle
was custom built, with different parts assembled in different places and then painstakingly brought together. But
Henry Ford came up with a critical innovation of streamlining the entire process. Nevertheless, the idea was
something he learned about from the Chicago meatpacking industry. He simply assembled into a car the discoveries
of other men behind whom were centuries of work.
2
Even in Picasso’s painting Les Demoisellesd’
Avignon, we can trace its genealogy (血统宗谱).
But is there any moment when someone is suddenly struck by an idea that comes from nowhere? Take, for
example, a surgeon named Anthony Cicoria, who in 1994 was speaking to his mother on an outdoor payphone
when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. A few weeks later, he unexpectedly began composing and introduced his
music works in subsequent years.
3
However, on closer inspection, Cicoria also turns out to rely on the raw materials around him.
4
It
is difficult to know what the lightning strike did to his brain, but it is clear that he rapidly absorbed these musical
products. His sudden desire to compose may have come from nowhere, but his basic creative process did not.
5
But creative ideas evolve from existing memories and impressions. Instead of new ideas being lit
up by lightning bolts, they arise from the interweaving billions of microscopic sparks in the vast darkness of the
brain.
A．The drive to create the new is part of our biological makeup.
B．We humans are always waiting for the creative lightning to strike.
C．The mining of history happens not only in technology, but in the arts as well.
D．If ever there were an example of creativity originating out of the thin air, this might be it.
E．While Cicoria’s music is beautiful, it shares the same structure and progression as the composer he likes.
F．No doubt the non-musician surely managed to compose due to the sudden idea flashing through his mind.
G．He recalls that, after his accident, he developed a strong desire to listen to nineteenth-century piano music.
Passage 4 完形填空
（2026·河北省邢台市NT20 名校联合体高三月考）
I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife, a medical researcher there. We did not speak the local
language, did not know the customs, and even did not entirely
1
the food. We could not have felt more
2
.
Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played
soccer.
3
darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan walked over to me and
said in a matter-of-fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon too? ” I was surprised. After I
4
to Juan
that yes I felt a sort of awe at the
5
that existed in his world. where the unknown and undiscovered was
6
and amazing. Anything was possible.
In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. I can, from my computer at home,
7
satellite images of Juan’s village. There are no more moons to search for, little
8
to discover. Yet, as an
ant biologist, I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though? How
9
are
we? The question of what we know and do not know
10
bother me.
I began to
11
newspaper articles about new species, and on and on they
12
. In
looking into the
13
of biological discovery, I also began to find a collection of scientists, who very
often focused on common phenomena more to the point of exhaustion (筋疲力尽), and even at the risk of the
14
of their peers.
We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new
15
more often than not, we do not even know its name.
1．A．produce
B．recognize
C．attain
D．prepare
2．A．conservative
B．familiar
C．foreign
D．natural
3．A．As
B．If
C．Once
D．Although
4．A．announced
B．committed
C．complained
D．responded
5．A．differences
B．possibilities
C．definitions
D．expressions
6．A．suspicious
B．similar
C．absurd
D．vast
7．A．take up
B．pull up
C．pick up
D．make up
8．A．kept
B．banned
C．left
D．bounded
9．A．accessible
B．elegant
C．ignorant
D．relevant
10．A．instantly
B．constantly
C．occasionally
D．absolutely
11．A．evaluate
B．seize
C．polish
D．collect
12．A．appeared
B．existed
C．formed
D．quitted
13．A．fictions
B．plots
C．stories
D．moments
14．A．tease
B．envy
C．support
D．admiration
15．A．updates
B．settles
C．develops
D．emerges
Passage 5 语法填空
（2026·黑龙江省高三月考）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thirteen Chinese scientists successfully reached the peak of Mount Qomolangma on May 23rd in Southwest
China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, with the world’s highest automatic meteorological station successfully
1
(improve). The scientists reached the peak at around 12:30 p.m. on May 23rd,
2
was the second time a
Chinese expedition to Mount Qomolangma reached an altitude above 8,000 meters since 2022.
Recently, several leading technologies
3
(apply) in China’s Peak Mission expedition by a total of
170 scientists who
4
(be) conducting research on water, ecology and other activities during the 2023
expedition to Mount Qomolangma as part of the second comprehensive
5
(science) expedition to the
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
At 3 a.m on May 23rd, a group of 13 scientists
6
(form) the expedition team set off from the
8,300-meter high camp at Mount Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West. After
7
8-hour
climb, they reached the world’s highest automatic weather observation station at 8,830 meters above sea level
around 11 a.m. The team secured fixed steel ropes, replaced batteries, installed a wind speed
8
direction
sensor at the station. After
9
(approximate) one hour of work, the scientists successfully completed the
maintenance and upgrade of the automatic weather station.
Currently, automated weather
10
(station) at 7,790 meters and 8,300 meters on Mount
Qomolangma have completed their technical upgrades.
