专题06 自然科学研究成果
主｜题｜简｜介
2025 年高中英语课程标准新增“自然科学研究成果”主题，标志着英语教育的一次深刻变革与前瞻
性布局。此举打破了传统文科与理科的壁垒，将语言学习与全球科技前沿动态紧密结合，是培养学生核
心素养、响应时代发展需求的关键举措。这不仅是对知识边界的拓展，更是对育人目标的重新定位，旨
在培养兼具语言能力与科学素养的复合型人才。对高中生而言，这一主题意味着学习内容的极大丰富与
现代化。学生将接触到关于人工智能、基因编辑、太空探索、新能源等领域的真实语料，在提升英语语
言能力的同时，学习精准、客观的学术表达。更重要的是，它能有效激发学生的科学兴趣，培养其信息
筛选、逻辑推理和批判性思维能力，塑造严谨求实的科学精神。它要求学生不仅要理解文本的字面意思
更要洞悉其背后的科学逻辑与研究方法。从长远看，该主题为学生未来参与国际学术交流、阅读前沿科
技文献奠定了坚实基础，有助于培养具备全球视野和国际竞争力的创新人才，服务于国家创新驱动发展
战略。当然，这也对教师的跨学科素养和教材的时效性、科学性提出了更高要求。教师需要从单纯的语
言传授者转变为引导学生探索科学奥秘的促进者，这是教育系统需要共同应对的挑战与机遇。
原｜创｜专｜练
Passage 1
For millions of people with diabetes, daily insulin injections are a painful and challenging reality. The
repeated need for syringes（注射器） can cause skin problems and lead some patients to skip doses, resulting in
poor health. For years, scientists have sought a better way to deliver medicine, but the skin’s natural barrier makes
this extremely difficult, especially for large drug molecules like insulin.
Now, a breakthrough has been achieved by a research team from Zhejiang University. They discovered a
special material, a polymer（聚合物） named OP, which can pass through the skin barrier effectively. This
finding was surprising because it was previously believed that large molecules could not penetrate the skin in this
way. The team then explored how OP could be used to deliver medicine.
The researchers developed a clever method. They combined OP with insulin （胰岛素）, creating a new
substance called OP-I. In this process, OP acts like a "courier," carrying the insulin "package" safely through the
layers of the skin and into the blood system. Tests on animals with diabetes showed that this method successfully
lowered blood sugar levels. Importantly, the technology was found to be safe; it did not damage the skin or cause
any side effects.
The significance of this discovery extends far beyond insulin. The research team stated that this delivery
platform could be used for many other important medicines that currently require injections. This includes drugs
for other conditions. The technology is now being prepared for wider use, offering hope for a future where people
with chronic diseases can manage their health without the fear and inconvenience of needles. This new approach
has the potential to greatly improve the quality of life for patients worldwide.
1. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To compare different treatments for diabetes.
B. To introduce a breakthrough in drug delivery.
C. To explain the dangers of traditional injections.
D. To advertise a new medicine for chronic diseases.
2. How does the new material OP help deliver insulin?
A. By breaking the skin's protective outer layer.
B. By changing insulin into a smaller molecule.
C. By acting as a carrier to pass through the skin.
D. By increasing blood flow to absorb the drug.
3. What can be inferred about the new delivery technology?
A. It is currently available for most diabetes patients.
B. It could make some other injections unnecessary.
C. It is more expensive than traditional methods.
D. It works only on small-molecule drugs.
4. What does the author suggest about the discovery of OP's function?
A. It was an unexpected finding from another study.
B. It was the primary goal of the research team.
C. It was based on well-known scientific principles.
D. It was considered impossible by most scientists.
Passage 2
When China's Chang'e 6 probe brought back soil from the moon's far side, scientists noticed something
unusual. Unlike the loose, sandy soil collected from the near side by Chang'e 5, this new soil was strangely sticky
and clumpy. This mystery has now been solved, revealing important information for future space exploration.
Chinese scientists launched a study to find the cause. They first ruled out the obvious reasons for stickiness,
such as moisture or magnetic forces, finding no evidence of either. They then performed a simple test, observing
how steeply the soil could pile up. The results showed that the far-side soil could form much steeper slopes,
behaving more like damp garden soil than dry beach sand. This confirmed its special cohesive nature.
The answer, they discovered, lies in the shape and size of the soil's tiny particles. Using special 3D images,
researchers found that the particles from the far side are extremely small and have unusually sharp, rough edges.
These unique features cause the particles to stick together. The rough surfaces create more friction, locking the
pieces, and because the particles are so tiny, they are pulled together by weak natural forces.
Why are these particles so different? The moon's far side has suffered much more from the harsh space
environment. For millions of years, it has been constantly hit by tiny space rocks and blown by powerful solar
winds. This intense space weathering has not only broken the particles down but also melted and joined them into
complex, sharp-edged shapes, making the soil far more cohesive.
Understanding this sticky soil is more than just solving a scientific puzzle; it is a critical engineering
challenge. This rough, sticky material could block machines, cover solar panels, and jam the joints of a spacesuit.
Knowing its properties helps engineers design better rovers, landing pads, and equipment for future lunar bases,
ensuring that humanity's next steps on the moon are successful.
1. What does the passage aim to do?
A. To compare the different goals of the Chang'e 5 and 6 missions.
B. To discuss the cause of sticky lunar soil and its importance.
C. To argue that the moon's far side is a better place for exploration.
D. To describe the process of building a long-term lunar base.
2. Why do the lunar soil particles from the far side stick together?
A. Because they contain a special sticky mineral.
B. Due to their rough surfaces and tiny size.
C. Because they were once melted by the sun's extreme heat.
D. Due to the presence of unseen water in the soil.
3. What can be inferred about the soil on the moon's near side?
A. Its particles are likely larger and smoother.
B. It is unsuitable for any future construction.
C. It has been exposed to more solar wind.
D. It contains fewer minerals than the far side.
4. The finding about the soil's texture is most critical for ______.
A. astronomers studying the moon's history
B. engineers designing future moon equipment
C. geologists analyzing the moon's mineral makeup
D. astronauts planning their walk routes on the moon
Passage 3
Depression is a global mental health challenge affecting millions. While some existing treatments can offer
rapid relief, their use is often limited due to serious side effects and a lack of understanding of how they work. For
decades, the exact biological processes behind these powerful therapies have remained a mystery, preventing
doctors from fully using their benefits and managing their risks. This situation has made developing better
treatments a top priority for medical researchers.
Now, a breakthrough by Chinese scientists has shed light on this mystery. Using a new observation method,
they discovered a common mechanism behind two major therapies. They found that both treatments cause a sharp
and lasting increase in a key brain chemical in areas that control mood. This shared starting point was previously
unknown and represents a major step forward in understanding how to fight depression more effectively.
This discovery is particularly important for one of the treatments, a powerful medicine. The research shows it
works mainly by changing cell energy, not through a process previously thought to cause side effects like
unpleasant mental experiences. Based on this new understanding, the team has already developed new medicines.
In animal tests, these new drugs showed strong antidepressant effects with far fewer side effects, offering hope for
safer future treatments.
The research has also opened a door to non-drug treatments. Scientists discovered that a simple physical
method, a brief and controlled special breathing exercise, can also activate this brain chemical pathway. Animal
studies showed this method is both safe and effective, producing a powerful antidepressant effect without
medicine. This suggests a completely new, simple, and low-cost way to help people with depression.
Building on this finding, a treatment device based on the breathing technique is being developed. Initial tests
show it is safe and affordable. The team aims to complete clinical trials and introduce this new therapy to the
market in the coming years, promising a new era in the treatment of depression.
1. What does the passage want to convey?
A. The effectiveness of different antidepressant drugs.
B. A breakthrough in understanding and treating depression.
C. The wider use of a specific fast-acting treatment.
D. The side effects of current depression therapies.
2. What did the new research reveal about the powerful medicine?
A. It works by a process that directly causes side effects.
B. Its primary function is related to cell energy changes.
C. It is the only treatment that increases the brain chemical.
D. Its effects on mood are slower than previously thought.
3. What can be inferred about the new breathing-based therapy?
A. It will completely replace the need for medicine.
B. It is considered a promising future treatment.
C. It is more effective than the drug-based treatments.
D. It is already widely used in hospitals across China.
4. Why is the discovery of a common mechanism important?
A. It proves that all depression treatments are the same.
B. It allows for the creation of safer and improved treatments.
C. It shows that physical methods are better than drugs.
D. It helps doctors choose the right strategy for individuals.
Passage 4
China's polar research team has completed a pioneering deep-sea mission, marking a first in cooperative
deep-sea missions involving manned submersibles(潜水器). The team returned to port after a 98-day expedition,
much of which was spent within the Arctic Circle. The journey was undertaken by the world’s first ice-breaking
support ship for manned deep-sea submersibles, Tansuo 3, carrying two China-developed submersibles,
Fendouzhe and Jiaolong. This significant mission was organized by leading national scientific institutions.
During the expedition, the team operated in the Arctic Ocean for 56 days, navigating through ice-covered
waters to conduct a series of scientific investigations. A key achievement was the first-ever cooperative operation
between the submersibles Jiaolong and Fendouzhe. They worked together on tasks like underwater searches and
filming. Furthermore, the team conducted the world's first manned deep-sea exploration of a previously unvisited
ridge in the Arctic's central basin, an area with over 80% sea ice coverage. Fendouzhe completed 32 dives,
operating effectively during the polar day and night, and in harsh(恶劣的) weather conditions.
This mission successfully proved the operational capabilities of the vessel and submersibles in polar ice-
covered regions. It led to major technological advancements and established new methods for operating
submersibles under extreme polar conditions. The team also pioneered a special mobile ice-diving model, where
the support vessel and submersible coordinate closely in thick ice. This innovation ensures safe and precise
movement, thus expanding the window for scientific research.
The effort has built a skilled polar diving team, establishing China as the only nation to perform continuous
manned submersible operations in the Arctic's dense ice zones. This achievement solidifies the country's global
leadership in deep-sea technology. The samples and data collected, including water, rocks, and biological
materials, will provide critical scientific support. They will help scientists understand Arctic climate change,
unique geological processes, and how life adapts to the extreme polar environment.
1.What is the primary purpose of the passage?
A. To praise the achievements of China's shipbuilding industry.
B. To discuss the significance and outcomes of a pioneering Chinese deep-sea mission.
C. To report on the rapid changes in Arctic sea ice levels.
D. To introduce the specific functions of the Fendouzhe submersible.
2.What can be inferred from the article about other countries' deep-sea exploration?
A. They have not yet developed submersibles capable of reaching 5,000 meters.
B. They are mainly focused on geological research rather than biology.
C. They likely lack the technology for continuous operations in dense Arctic ice.
D. They prefer to conduct research during the Arctic summer.
3.How did the team manage to expand its operational window in polar ice zones?
A. By using a more powerful ice-breaking ship.
B. By developing a mobile ice-diving model with close vessel-submersible coordination.
C. By establishing new operational rules for extreme weather.
D. By limiting dives to periods of polar day.
4.The main value of the collected samples and observations lies in their ability to ______.
A. prove that submersibles are more effective than human scientists
B. help understand various natural processes in the Arctic environment
C. establish a legal basis for future mining operations in the Arctic
D. show that deep-sea life cannot survive in extreme cold
Passage 5
A Chinese research team has created a highly important atlas that maps the connections between chemicals in
human blood and a wide range of diseases. This significant work provides a strong basis for the early discovery of
illnesses, predicting their development, and finding new medicines. The findings offer a valuable new tool for the
future of medical science.
The researchers carefully studied the links between hundreds of blood chemicals and thousands of human
characteristics and diseases. They found that these blood substances serve as key signs, reflecting the complex
effects of our genes, daily behaviors, and the environment on our health. The analysis identified tens of thousands
of significant connections, highlighting that problems with how the body processes fat have a widespread effect
across many different disease systems. This discovery suggests a common root for many seemingly unrelated
health issues.
One of the most critical discoveries is about the timeline of a disease's development. The study revealed that
for more than half of the important chemical signs, unusual levels in the blood could be found up to ten years
before a doctor could officially diagnose the illness. Furthermore, the researchers observed that these chemical
indicators go through major changes at two key points in a person's life: around the ages of 46 and 64. This insight
into timing is crucial for truly early intervention.
For practical use in healthcare, the team developed a chemical-based risk score. This score can be used to
help accurately diagnose 94 known diseases and predict the risk of 81 new ones. Among the many substances, a
few like creatinine and albumin were confirmed as especially powerful indicators of a person's health condition.
This system allows doctors to assess a patient's risk profile with greater accuracy.
Ultimately, this research marks a step forward in precision medicine. It offers a systematic way to detect
early warning signals of diseases by simply monitoring changes in blood chemicals. This enables doctors to
predict certain disease risks in advance. Based on an individual's unique chemical profile, physicians can then
create highly personalized plans for diet, exercise, and medication, achieving a new level of patient-centered care.
1. What does the author want to do by the passage?
A. To argue for a healthier lifestyle.
B. To introduce a scientific breakthrough in disease prediction.
C. To compare different methods of medical diagnosis.
D. To explain the chemical processes in human blood.
2. What can be inferred about the future of medical care according to the passage?
A. Doctors will rely less on patients' personal reports.
B. Treatment will become more preventative and personalized.
C. All diseases will be easily cured in the next decade.
D. Genetic information will no longer be necessary.
3. What makes this new atlas particularly valuable for early detection?
A. It can detect signs of illness many years before symptoms appear.
B. It covers the widest range of diseases ever studied.
C. It focuses mainly on problems related to fat in the blood.
D. It was developed by a leading research team in China.
4. Why are blood chemicals considered important indicators of health?
A. They are easier to measure than other signs.
B. They directly cause most common human diseases.
C. They show the combined effects of various life factors.
D. They remain stable throughout a person's adult life.
Passage 6
A research institute at Fudan University, celebrating its 10th anniversary, recently announced the
establishment of two joint laboratories. One lab, partnering with a hospital management company, aims to provide
low-cost early tests for serious brain illnesses. The other, working with a construction group, will use artificial
intelligence to improve building safety and efficiency. Each partner company is investing 12 million yuan,
showing how scientific research is being applied in real-world industries.
The dean of the institute, Feng Jianfeng, emphasized that preventing diseases is more important than curing
them. His team has developed new methods using blood samples combined with AI algorithms to identify early
signs of brain diseases like Alzheimer's. This allows for early intervention. A major breakthrough was creating a
method to predict Alzheimer's up to 15 years in advance with 91% accuracy. Their approach uses simple blood
tests, avoiding difficult and uncomfortable medical tests for patients.
Besides disease prediction, the institute has achieved other world-class successes. It created the world's first
complete computer model of the brain at the neuronal level, seen as a major step forward for both medicine and
AI development. Another breakthrough involved special operations connecting the brain and spine, which have
enabled paralyzed patients to stand and walk again by using their thoughts to control their bodies.
These achievements have brought the institute significant international attention. After the results were
published, scientists from around the world, including the U.S. and Europe, reached out to discuss collaborations.
Foreign consulates also made inquiries, hoping to use the institute's technologies to assist their citizens. This
global interest highlights the institute's growing influence and leadership in the field.
Feng believes the institute’s success is closely linked to the country's overall strength and the supportive
environment of Shanghai. The institute has attracted top international experts who praise the strong abilities of
Chinese students and the world-class research facilities available. Looking ahead, the institute aims to train
creative and original talents who will become future leaders in areas like brain-computer interfaces and AI,
believing that people are the most important part of scientific research.
1. What is the main topic of this article?
A. The history of Fudan University.
B. Different methods for treating brain diseases.
C. Ways of AI being used in construction.
D. The achievements and goals of a research institute.
2. What can be inferred about the new method for predicting Alzheimer's?
A. It is more comfortable and accessible for patients.
B. It is too expensive for common people to use.
C. It completely cures the disease at an early stage.
D. It is less accurate than traditional testing methods.
3. According to the passage, what contributes to the institute's global influence?
A. Its exclusive focus on helping foreign citizens.
B. The large number of papers published in journals.
C. Its world-class research attracting international cooperation.
D. The financial support from foreign governments.
4. What does the dean believe is the most crucial element for future scientific success?
A. Advanced computing power.
B. Access to large amounts of data.
C. Talented and motivated individuals.
D. Effective government policies.
Passage 7
请阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或使用括号中单词的正确形式。
China is harnessing modern science and technology to preserve its rich cultural heritage, with national
research bases leading groundbreaking work. These bases tackle various challenges, from restoring ancient murals
to protecting relics 1. the event of an earthquake. A recent conference reviewed its achievements, 2.
highlighted that the field is at a critical juncture, poised for major breakthroughs.
In the field of risk prevention, these bases act as guardians. Advanced technologies like satellites and drones
3. (use) to build intelligent firewalls for relics. To protect ancient structures from earthquakes, scientists
have developed new methods to predict damage. These technologies have been successfully applied to protect
precious stone inscriptions. In restoration, experts at Dunhuang have built special labs to better understand how
murals get damaged and have developed new 4. (profession) materials that are now widely used.
Moreover, these research bases serve as decoders of civilization. Technology has expanded archaeology
beyond traditional tools. By integrating different scientific fields, scientists have gained a clearer understanding of
the origins of Chinese civilization. For example, a research team used ancient DNA to reveal new patterns of
human migration in East Asia, 5. another team clarified the history of metal making in China.
Furthermore, these bases are envoys of cultural dissemination. Through digital technology, a cave of the
Yungang Grottoes was 6. (perfect) copied, allowing the grotto art to "travel" he world. Talent is central
to 7. (drive) this work. Over the years, a professional team of scientific talent has been formed. They have
also made great 8. (achieve) and established stable academic cooperation with many countries, 9.
(bring) China's culture to a wider global audience and making 10. nation's voice more prominent on the
world stage.
