专题08 简单句、句子成分和基本句型
目录
第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿
第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分
A 组·保分基础练
题型01 简单句、句子成分和基本句型综合练（单句语法填空）（原创&最新模拟）
题型02 简单句、句子成分和基本句型综合练（单项选择）（最新模拟&原创）
B 组·抢分能力练
题型03 重难创新练（语法填空）
第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法
【在语法填空中考查长难句】
1.
（2026·江西省多校联考高三联考）In their co-written book, The Untapped Self, Kite and Eden, aged
64 and 61 respectively, explain the philosophy behind Chinese acupuncture, introducing readers to 58
(concept) such as qi, Chinese pulse diagnosis (脉诊), and the network of acupuncture points. （40words）
2．
（2026·江西省多校联考高三联考）Years later, the two Britons sat side by side before an audience,
56 (launch) a new book on acupuncture that weaves ancient Chinese ideas of balance into stories for a modern
and 57 (anxiety) world. （35words）
3．
（2026·陕西省汉中市联考联评期中）Since China’s manned space program entered the phase of
space station application and 64 (develop), ground researchers have improved the variety, texture,
flavor, appearance and nutritional value of space food through technological innovation and process enhancements,
better 65 (meet) the dietary needs of astronauts.（44words）
4．
（2026·陕西省汉中市联考联评期中）According to Liu Weibo, 58 is from the China
Astronaut Research and Training Center, the improvements include technologies for precise temperature control,
residue collection, high-temperature catalysis, 59 multi-layer filtration (过滤) enabling smoke-free
baking in orbit while meeting the space station’s oil fume emission standards. （45words）
5．（2026·陕西省汉中市联考联评期中）According to the center, so far the Shenzhou XXI mission 61
(expand) the food variety to over 190 items and extended the menu cycle to 10 days, allowing astronauts to cook
and bake ingredients such as fresh vegetables, nuts, cakes and meat while in orbit.
【在写作中考查高级句式】
1.（2026·福建省福州市四校联盟高三期中联考）We’ll depart from Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station on
October 1st at 8:00 a.m. on train G6, ________________________________, and arrive at Beijing South Railway
Station at noon. 我们将于10 月1 日上午8 点从上海虹桥火车站搭乘G6 次列车出发，预计全程约4.5 小时，
中午抵达北京南站。
2.
（2026·福建省福州市四校联盟高三期中联考）His mother gently touched his head and continued,
“You glued the vase carefully, ____________________________________ making things right.”母亲轻抚他的
头，继续说道：“你把花瓶粘得那么仔细，这说明你真心实意地想把事情做好。”
3.（2026·江西省多校联考高三联考）Students love spending time there during breaks, and many say
____________________________ and helped refresh themselves.学生们喜欢在课间休息时在那里消磨时间，
许多人表示这显著减轻了他们的压力，并帮助他们恢复精力。
4.（2026·江西省多校联考高三联考）For the first time in years, I felt genuinely relaxed and mentally nourished,
___________________________________ I had been desperately seeking.时隔多年，我终于第一次感到身心
放松、精神焕发，找到了苦苦追寻的完美避世之所与人生目标。
5.
（2026·陕西省汉中市联考联评期中）From that day on, they started volunteering at the station
together every weekend, ________________________more animals as a pair.从那天起，他们便开始每个周末
一起在车站做志愿者，知道这对搭档能帮助更多动物。
【在阅读理解中考查长难句】
1.【文章原句】However, her persistence paid off when she encountered David Greybeard, a chimpanzee who
trusted her and led her to a fact that no one had ever discovered — chimpanzees were capable of making and using
tools.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
2.【文章原句】As a secretary of state and national security adviser to Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford,
Henry Kissinger played the major behind-the-scenes role in building the architecture that enabled more manageable
relations with the Soviet Union, China, and major Arab nations.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
3.
【文章原句】Researchers, led by Ya-Yen Sun at the University of Queensland, in Australia, found that
between 2009 and 2020, global emissions (排放) from tourism grew by an average of 3.5% a year, double the rate of
emissions in general.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
4.
【文章原句】His uncle Chen Xiaowang is now a world-renowned T'ai Chi master and his father Chen
Xiaoxing, a leading actor in the video that China submitted to the UNESCO when applying for the honor, also has
gained international fame.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
5.
【文章原句】Research indicates that when people start a new project, they tend to focus on how much
time they have available to do it instead of how much time the task would take to complete.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
01 简单句、句子成分和基本句型考点综合练（单句语法填空）
1.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三期中）【在语法填空中考查长难句中】At present, hanzi is the only ancient
writing system 65 use in the world. It is a bridge of communication between China and the world, a
carrier for recording and inheriting Chinese civilization, and a link in maintaining national unity and promoting
ethnic integration.
2.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三期中）【evolve---evolution 差距较大】Early Chinese characters originated from
pictorial symbols and then the 56 (evolve) of Chinese characters gradually began.
3.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三期中）【长难句】An exhibited bronze tablet in Chengdu museum 58
(carve) with 40 characters, which was made in 221 BC when he united China, documented Qin Shi Huang’s law to
standardize the nation’s weights and measures.
4.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三期中）【长难句】The handwritten pieces of literati (文人) , high 63
(official), and even emperors are passed down from generation to generation, 64 (reflect) the profound
respect for artistic expression and cultural heritage.
5.（2026·东北三省精准教学联盟高三上学期10 月联考）【长难句】Under the slogan “Racing Toward a
Shared Intelligent Future”, the 2025 World Humanoid Robot Games (WHRG), 56 (hold) from Aug 14 to
17 in Beijing, brought together around 280 teams from 16 countries to compete in 26 events.
6.（2026·东北三省精准教学联盟高三上学期10 月联考）【长难句】According to the official WHRG website,
the four-day games drew moderate inspiration from human sports competitions, including track and field events
and gymnastics, to showcase the 57 (late) advancements in robot technology.
7.（2026·东北三省精准教学联盟高三上学期10 月联考）【长难句】Beyond these human-inspired 59
(competition), the games also featured practical, skill-based challenges such as moving materials, sorting
medicines, and 60 (clean) in varied conditions, showing robots’ real-world applications.
8.（2026·东北三省精准教学联盟高三上学期10 月联考）【长难句】The games proved popular on the
Internet, with the official topic gaining 150 million views on social media. One of the most exciting events was the
5v5 humanoid robot soccer match, 61 was entirely controlled by AI without any human intervention.
9.（2026·东北三省精准教学联盟高三上学期10 月联考）【长难句】Based on this feedback, the robots decide
on actions, automatically chase the ball, and perform defensive moves 65 blocking — all without
human input.
10.（2026·东北三省精准教学联盟高三上学期10 月联考）【长难句】“When our robots play 63
(independent) on the field, they rely on an integrated system that includes observation, decision-making, and
motion control,” said Chen Penghui, leader of the Tsinghua team.
02 简单句、句子成分和基本句型考点综合练 （长难句）
1.【文章原句】To bring these open-air art galleries to a wider audience, I wanted to create something that had not
been attempted before by using specialized photography techniques with my focus being on distribution, styles and
creative range.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
2.【文章原句】Instead, by making abstract, complex ideas more concrete and accessible, thought experiments can
stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question, allowing us to explore the outcome
of a given hypothesis which has real-life significance.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
3.【文章原句】Another suggestion is that the cave was simply used as a book storehouse for documents which
accumulated over a century and a half, then sealed up when it became full.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
4.【文章原句】What he said and did to help develop a sound and healthy US-China relationship should inspire all
those who are working for a better relationship between the two countries.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
5.【文章原句】She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics, and then went
on to study at the Technical University of Berlin, where she was the top in her class, outperforming her
future husband Qian Sanqiang — China's "father of the atomic bomb”.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
6.【文章原句】When Areej El-Jawahri, a doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, signed the contract to
purchase the house specially designed to fit the needs of multigenerational (多代的) residents, she knew she wanted her
parents, who then lived in Michigan, to join her.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
7.【文章原句】Curry is a co-founder of Swords to Plowshares Northeast, the organization putting on this
event, which helps police departments manage their gun buyback programs and repurpose the items into
gardening tools.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
8.【文章原句】Some of my favourites were the Bow Bar, which is all made of wood and won a prize as the best
Drinker’s Pub in Britain a few years ago, and Greyfriars Bobby, which has lots of students and is great for meeting
people.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
9.【文章原句】A cherished childhood memory was receiving a motorbike for his 16th birthday, which he
rode to school once, impressing his classmates but not the headmaster who was stuck in the horse and buggy
days.
【
句
式
分
析
】
__________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】__________________________________________________________________________________
10.( 2022 新课标全国I 卷 ) Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to
complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous
class, lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class.
【
句
式
分
析
】
_________________________________________________________________________________
【翻译】 __________________________________________________________________________________
Passage 1（简单句、句子成分和基本句型考点语篇练）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。（2026·山东省临
沂市高三期中）
The Bund lies along the Huangpu River, which is located in the Huangpu District, the center of Shanghai.
The Bund was an Anglo-Indian term that
1
(literal) means “a muddy embankment”.
2
the
opposite side of the Huangpu River, stand a few Shanghai landmarks like Shanghai Tower, Shanghai World
Financial Centre, Oriental Pearl TV Tower and Jinmao Tower, which are among those most famous buildings in
China. It is
3
must-see place during your visit to Shanghai.
The Bund, with a total
4
(long) of 1.5 kilometers, starts from Yan’ an East Road in the south, and
reaches the Waibaidu Bridge on the Suzhou River in the north, the Huangpu River in the east
5
the
financial and foreign trade institutions in the west.
There are 52 buildings with different styles
6
(stand) on the Bund, which
7
(call) the
exotic building complex in the Bund of Shanghai. At the Bund, you can see the architectures of the Gothic,
Romanesque, Baroque, Chinese and western styles,
8
make up the financial center of old Shanghai and a
concentration zone of foreign trade agencies.
Due to its unique
9
(geography) location and its influence in the areas of economic activity in
Shanghai and China over the past century, the Bund has a very rich cultural connotation. The street view is the most
characteristic landscape. Whenever night falls, the floodlit buildings along the Bund, like a crystal palace, never fail
to make both local and overseas visitors
10
(amaze).
Passage 2（简单句、句子成分和基本句型考点语篇练）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·江苏省淮
阴中学高三期中调研测试）
What is it like to open a bookstore in a lively food market? Outside, the air
1
with the inviting
smell of fresh produce; inside, people of all ages gather together,
2
(absorb) in the delightful fragrance
(芳香) of books.
Currently, bookstores located within markets are springing up across China, from Wenzhou to Hangzhou, to
Chengdu and Kunming,
3
(win) the hearts of keen readers. This unique pairing not only
4
(satisfy) physical appetites but also feeds the soul.
Most of the books sold in these stores focus on food, ingredients, and recipes.
5
(embrace) the
spirit of her hometown further, Pan Xiaoyue, a Wenzhou native, has placed a special “Wenzhou Cuisine” bookshelf
in her store. It serves
6
a window into the region’s rich culinary heritage.
Beyond books, her bookstore hosts events centered around food culture — such as “open kitchen”
gatherings,
7
strangers cook together using fresh produce sourced
8
(direct) from the market
outside. She also launches book-produce exchange events. Fresh produce can be traded for a book sample while
secondhand books can be exchanged for vegetables,
9
innovative initiative that blurs (模糊) the lines
between food for the body and food for the mind.
For pioneers like Pan, books and cabbages can share the same shopping bags, and poetry can mix with the
calls of vendors (摊贩). Reading becomes both a part of daily life
10
the ingredients for meals.
Passage 3（简单句、句子成分和基本句型考点语篇练）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东省华
南师范大学附属中学高三综合测试（一））
When the opening whistle blew at the Zhenjiang Sports and Exhibition on May 10,
1
(mark) the
start of the Jiangsu Football City League, few expected that this provincial amateur league ( 业余联赛) would
become China’s newest sports hit.
One of the reasons for the league’s rapid rise is its focus on mass
2
(participate). Among
3
total of 516 players, over 65 percent come from various walks of life. This is a new model of grassroots soccer
4
brings the game closer to the general public.
Since the beginning of the league, slogans such as “match comes first, friendship fourteenth”
5
(become) popular online, highlighting the rivalries among the 13 cities in Jiangsu. Unlike regions dominated by a
single provincial capital, Jiangsu features many midsize cities such as Suzhou and Wuxi, each with a booming
economy and unique culture. Since all 13 cities rank among China’s top 100 by GDP, they create
6
locals
refer to as the “thirteen brothers” rivalry. “We are 13 siblings who compete fiercely
7
share the same
blood,” a soccer fan from Nanjing told Xinhua.
The league’s popularity also lies in its lively cultural vibe. Teams are named after local favorites: Wuxi is
known for honey peaches, and Nanjing for its tasty
8
(boil) salted duck. “The success of the league
demonstrates that
9
focusing on local culture, enhancing public participation and providing high-quality
competitions, soccer at the community level can
10
(true) succeed,” soccer commentator Xu Yifan told
the Global Times.
单句语法填空和阅读长难句
【在语法填空中考查长难句中】
1. (2025 全国一卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic
placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,
sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
2.（2024 全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-
Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in
1980 with 12.3 million acres.
3. (2024 新课标II 卷) Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai
and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion,
Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language
__
see how Tang’s play was being
performed.”
4.（2023·新高考全国I 卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling
wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese
street food.
5.（2023·新高考全国I 卷）Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food
historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
6.（2023·新高考全国II 卷）Since June 2017, right before the ___36___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng
Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___
(confidence) speaking English.
7.（2023·全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____41____ royal palaces, it is home
to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully
____42____ (build) system of ring roads.
8（2023·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced
development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with
historical buildings of the past.
9.（2023·全国乙卷）The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to
protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to
discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
10.（2022 新课标I 卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is
designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, _________ leaving behind precious natural
assets(资产)for future generations”.
【在阅读理解中考查长难句中】
1.（2025 全国I 卷·阅读A）原句：This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy
the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable
Energy Laboratory.
译文：__________________________________________________________________________________
分析：__________________________________________________________________________________
2.（2025 全国I 卷·阅读A）原句：As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems
with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
译文：__________________________________________________________________________________
分析：__________________________________________________________________________________
3.（2025 全国I 卷·阅读B）原句：In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town,
a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her
parents rejected the love of her young life.
译文：__________________________________________________________________________________
分析：__________________________________________________________________________________
4.（2025 全国I 卷·阅读B）原句：When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of
messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to
teach us what it means to be human.
译文：__________________________________________________________________________________
分析：主__________________________________________________________________________________
5. （2025 全国I 卷· 阅读C ）原句：Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to
Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.
译文：__________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析________________________________________________________________________________
6.（2025 全国I 卷·阅读D）原句：In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology
Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools —
could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
译文：__________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析________________________________________________________________________________
7.（2025 全国I 卷·阅读D）原句：“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the
boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in
Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist.
译文：__________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：
__________________________________________________________________________________
8.（2025 全国II 卷·阅读D）【原句】Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the
phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner
time.
【译文】__________________________________________________________________________________
【分析】__________________________________________________________________________________
9.（2025 全国II 卷·阅读D）【原句】A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant
generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue, and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or
recycled.
【译文】__________________________________________________________________________________
【分析】
__________________________________________________________________________________
10.（2025 全国II 卷·阅读7 选5）【原句】You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping
others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
【译文】__________________________________________________________________________________
【分析】__________________________________________________________________________________
