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01高考语法填空抢分热点之非谓语动词(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语语法填空抢分热点精选精练_资料

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01 高考语法填空抢分热点之非谓语动词
一、考点精讲
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词-ing形式(现在分词和动名词)和过去分词,是高考热点。
但学生分不清现在分词和进行时态,过去分词和被动语态,对动词不定式的运用也是模棱两
可。归根结底,学生不会分辨“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”。这还要从根上解决,首先要
弄清楚句子种类。句子按结构分,分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1. 简单句。由一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词构成的句子是简单句。也就是说,一个简单
句中只能有一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词(省略句除外)。谓语动词指的就是动词的时态
(一般现在时、一般过去时......)和语态(一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语
态......)。例如:(1)He leaves home for school at 6 every morning.(leaves是谓语动词)每天
早上他六点钟离开家去上学。(2)The plane takes off at 11:40 and arrives in Shanghai at 1:30.
(takes off和arrives是并列的谓语动词)飞机十一点四十起飞,一点半抵达上海。(3)The
company was set up in 2012.(was set up一般过去时的被动语态,是句子的谓语动词)这家公
司是2012年成立的。
2. 并列句。并列句是指由并列连词 and、but、or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而
构成的句子。即:简单句+并列连词+简单句。常见的并连连词:and(和)、but(但是)、
or(或者;否定句中的“和”;否则)、so(所以)。并列句中的简单句是平等关系。例如:
Work hard, and you will succeed in time.(努力工作,总有一天你会成功的。)
3. 复合句。复合句也称主从句,从句须由引导词引出,否则复合句不成立。即:主句(简
单句)+引导词+从句(简单句)。复合句包括:状语从句(9种);定语从句(2种);名词
性从句(4种)。不同的从句有不同的引导词。复合句中的简单句是主从关系,从句在复合
句中做成分,是次要的句子。例如:If you work hard, you will succeed in time.(努力工作,总
有一天你会成功的。)
从以上分析可以看出,不论是并列句,还是复合句都离不开简单句,并列句只不过是多了一
个并列连词,复合句只不过是多了一个引导词,最终要归到简单句上,是简单句就只能有一
个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词,掌握了这一点就能分清楚“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”。
如何判断动词用“谓语动词”还是用“非谓语动词”?
1.谓语动词指的就是动词的时态(一般现在时、一般过去时......)和语态(一般现在时的被动
语态、一般过去时的被动语态......);非谓语动词指的是:动词不定式、动词-ing形式(现在分词和动名词)和过去分词。
2. 一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词。
3. 首先找到简单句中的谓语动词,然后再出现的动词则为非谓语动词。但是要注意:一个句
子中可以有并列的谓语动词,从句中同样要有谓语动词,只要是简单句就有谓语动词(省略
句除外)。
4. 如果判断是谓语动词,则选用合适的时态、语态;如果判断是非谓语动词,则选用合适的
非谓语动词形式。例如:就拿并列句和复合句中的例子来说,如果用非谓语动词表示“努力
工作,总有一天你会成功的”则应该是“Working hard, you will succeed in time.”(句中 will
succeed是谓语动词,因为是简单句,所以work就是非谓语动词,且you和work之间是主动
关系,是现在分词作状语。)
二、高考真题经典解读。
例如:(2023年新高考卷I语法填空)
1.To eat one, you have to decide whether ___57___(bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream
and risking a spill (溢出), ____58____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup
explode on your tongue.
【答案】57. to bite;58.or
【解析】57.考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤
汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用
不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put并列作宾语,故填to bite。
58.考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个
小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”,固定搭配,根据
句意,故填or。
2.Shanghai may be the ____59____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will
actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
【答案】59. recognized
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,
邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词 home前面作定语,recognize与home
是逻辑上动宾关系,需填过去分词recognized作定语,recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形
容词作定语。故填recognized。
3.Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___61___ (lift) out of thesteamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____62___ (they) contents.
【答案】61. to be lifted;62. their
【解析】61.考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从
蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配 allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某
事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是
逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
62.考查代词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿
出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词 contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词
their。故填their。
4. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____64___ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I
am always left ____65___(want) more next time.
【答案】64. rarely;65. wanting
【解析】64.考查副词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,
所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语,rarely“少有”,故填rarely。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所
以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知,此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”,本句是被动语态,
want是主语补足语,根据句意,I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系,用现在分词wanting。故填
wanting。
(2021年新高考卷I语法填空)
1. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole
adventure ______(62) offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ______(63)(ache)legs.
【答案】62. and 63. aching
【解析】句意:虽然这是你上山途中唯一非自然的东西,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并为你
提供了一个可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿的地方。该句是复合句,含though引导的让步状语从
句,从句中只有一个动词,那就是谓语动词is;主句中有两个谓语动词highlights和offers,
这两个谓语动词是并列关系,用并列连词 and连接,所以第62空填and;其实在从句中还包
含着一个where引导的定语从句,定语从句中 can sit down是谓语部分,那动词不定式to rest
就是句子的非谓语,且在句中作目的状语。第 63空前有your,后有legs,很明显,这里所给
的词ache要作定语,修饰legs;所给词ache既是名词,也可以作动词,此处表示“脚正在
痛”,带有动作性质,故要用现在分词 aching作定语,修饰legs,其实aching也可以看作是形容词“疼痛的”修饰名词。所以第63空填aching。
2. You can’t help wondering how hard it ______(61)(be)for the people then to put all those rocks
into place.
【答案】61. was
【解析】句意:你不禁会想,当时的人们把这些石头放好有多难。该句是复合句,含how引
导的宾语从句;can’t help是主句的谓语部分,wondering就是非谓语,是动名词作 help的宾
语;how引导的宾语从句中有两个动词(be和put),从句中it是形式主语,动词不定式短语
的复合结构for the people then to put all those rocks into place 作真正的主语,既然动词put是非
谓语动词,那be动词在从句中只能是谓语动词,再根据时间状语then“那时候”可知,从句
在描述过去发生的事情,句子用一般过去时,且主语 it又是单数第三人称形式,所以第61空
填was。
3. But that's how nature is —always leaving us ______(60)(astonish).
【答案】astonished
【解析】句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶不已。该句是复合句,含how引导的
表语从句,is是主句的谓语;从句中is leaving是谓语部分,且运用了leave的使役动词用法,
即 leave sb./sth. +宾语补足语,意为“使、让…保持某种状态”,us 是宾语,和所给动词
astonish“使惊讶”之间是被动关系,是过去分词作宾语补足语,所以第 60空填astonished,意
为“感到惊讶”。其实astonished也可以看作是情感形容词“感到惊讶的”。
(2022年新高考卷I语法填空)
1. ___56___ (cover) an area about three times ___57__ size of Yellowstone National Part, the
GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country.
【答案】56. Covering 57. the
【解析】句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园面积的三倍,将成为第一个国家公园。该
句是一个简单句,共有两个动词(cover和be),从句子中可以看出,will be是谓语动词,那
么动词cover就是非谓语动词,且句子主语the GPNP和cover之间是主动关系,所以第56空
是现在分词作状语,位于句子开头,首字母要大写。故 56空填Covering。第57空是倍数的
表达方法,这里表示“特指”,所以用定冠词the。
2. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___ (be) previously
unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority
____59___ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.【答案】58. were 59. to increase
【解析】句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫
保护区纳入一个权力机构,以提高有效性,减少管理上的不一致性。该句是复合句,含 that
引导的定语从句;will extend是主句的谓语动词;areas是先行词,在定语从句作主语,that替
代areas引导定语从句,be动词是从句的谓语动词,再根据previously“以前地”可知,从句用
一般过去时,且主语areas是复数形式,故第58空填were。that引导的定语从句中be动词已
经是谓语动词,那么其他的动词就是非谓语动词,第 59空所给词increase是动词,是非谓语
动词,此处是动词不定式作目的状语,意思是“为了......”,其宾语是effectiveness,并和后面
的动词reduce并列,故第59空填to increase。
3. The GPNP ___60____ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity
and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological
buffer zones, ____61___ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations".
【答案】60. is designed 61. and
【解析】句意:该计划旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,
保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。该句是简单句,共含 5个
动词,其中to reflect是动词不定式,protecting 、preserving和leaving是3个并列的动名词作
介词of的宾语,所以第60空所给动词design只能是句子的谓语动词,这里在描述一个客观
事实,且design和句子主语The GPNP之间是被动关系,该空是一般现在时的被动语态,故
第60空填is designed。第61空填and,构成并列宾语。
三、实战演练
1. Human life is regarded as part of nature and, similarly, the only way for us_________(survive) is
to live in harmony with nature.
【答案】to survive
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:人类的生命被视为自然的一部分,同样,我们生存的唯一
途径就是与自然和谐相处。该句是并列句,and后面的分句中is是谓语动词,所以survive是
非谓语动词,the way后面用不定式作后置定语修饰way。故答案为to survive。
2. Ordinary soap, _______(use)correctly , can deal with bacteria effectively.
【答案】used
【解析】used 考查非谓语动词。句意:普通肥皂,正确使用,能有效处理细菌。can deal
with 是谓语部分,所以use是非谓语动词,且句子的主语soap和use之间是被动关系,是过去分词作状语,used correctly相当于if it is used correctly这个条件状语从句的省略形式。故答
案为used。
3. This is one of the farthest places that ______ (explore) so far in that country.
【答案】have been explored
【解析】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意:这是那个国家到目前为止所探索过的最远的地
方之一。分析句子可知,that引导的是一个限制性定语从句,代替先行词places,根据状语so
far可知,空处谓语动词应填现在完成时,且与主语 places之间为被动关系,还要与其保持主
谓一致,用复数,所以填 have been explored,表示“已经被探索”。故答案为 have been
explored。
4. We were all impressed by the statue of the horse ________ (date) back to the Xia dynasty.
【答案】dating
【解析】考查非谓语。句意:我们都对夏朝的马雕像印象深刻。分析句子可知,句中 were all
impressed 是谓语动词,此空应填非谓语,且the horse 和date back to “追溯到”为主动关系,
再根据句意可知,此空应填现在分词作后置定语,修饰前面名词the horse。故答案为dating。
5. ________ (trap) in the river for five hours makes the thief look very pale and exhausted.
【答案】Being trapped
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:被困在河里五个小时使小偷看起来非常苍白和疲惫。makes
为谓语动词,设空处应用非谓语动词,且作主语,trap与逻辑主语the thief之间为被动关系,
所以此处应用动名词的被动形式 being done作主语。设空处在句首,单词的首字母要大写。
故答案为Being trapped。
6. If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that _____ (suit)
everyone.
【答案】suits
【解析】suits 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。that引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,该从句的
先行词时候单数可数名词solution,所以从句谓语动词为单数第三人称形式。该句在陈述一个
客观事实,所以用一般现在时。故答案为suits。
7. On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ______
(voice)my biggest concern to my mother“How will I make friends?”
【答案】voiced
【解析】voiced 考查时态。句意:在一年级开学第一天,我心情紧张地站在门口,我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧,“我将如何交朋友?”此处的voice是动词,意为“表达”,是谓语动
词。根据On the first day of my first grade可知,在描述过去的事情,所以句子用一般过去时。
故答案为voiced。
8. My colleague refused to accept it, ______(say)that we were all just doing our job.
【答案】saying
【解析】saying 考查现在分词作状语。句意:我的同事拒绝接受,说我们都只是在做自己的
工作。句中refused 是谓语动词,所以say应该是非谓语动词,句子主语 My colleague和say
之间是主动关系,是现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为saying。
9. You don’t have to run fast or for long ______(see)the benefit.
【答案】to see
【解析】to see 考查非谓语动词。句意:你不需要跑得很快或很长时间就能看到好处。句中
don’t have to是谓语动词,所以所给词see是非谓语动词,此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故
答案为to see。
10. What differed from the previous case was that the suspect________(destroy)the database and
the corresponding data.
【答案】had destroyed
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:与前一案件不同的是,嫌疑犯已经销毁了数据库和相应的
数据。分析句子可知,空处为表语从句的谓语,结合句意可知,destroy的动作在主句动作
was之前已经完成了,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时,the suspect与destroy之间为主动
关系,所以应用过去完成时的主动语态。故答案为had destroyed。
四、优秀模拟试卷之语法填空精选
(一)
Young Chinese consumers are becoming fans of home-made brands and turning their back on foreign
products.
According to a recent survey 1 (conduct) by wenjuan. com some 96 percent of the surveyed youth
said they were willing to purchase guochao products, 2 refer to products by homegrown brands.At
the same time , 91.6 percent of 3 expressed their expectations for more video programs digging
4 (deep )into traditional Chinese culture than before.Over the past decade, Chinese food drink and
personal care brands 5 ( expand ) their market share by 3.3 percent to nearly 70 percent. ln
addition .the opinion that foreign products are superior has been 6 (gradual) abandoned byChinese youngsters.
The age group of the 7 ( interviewee ) ranged from the post-90s to "the post-2000s generations ,
with the later 8 (account) for 22.1 percent. Unlike older generations who might favor Western
culture and brands.
Chinese youth were born and raised when the country's economy was taking off so they tend
____9___(have) strong confidence in their national identity and culture.
The youth, who nowadays can access____10___wide variety of China's cultural heritages(遗产)
are carrying the responsibility of spreading Chinese culture.Obviously, they're really doing well.
【答案】
1. conducted 2. which 3. them 4. deeper 5. have expanded
2. gradually 7. interviewees 8. accounting 9. to have 10. a
【解析】
1. conducted 考查过去分词作后置定语。句意:根据 wenjuan网最近进行的一项调查,约
96%的受访青年表示,他们愿意购买国货,国货指的是国产品牌的产品。句中 said是谓语动
词,所给动词conduct是非谓语动词,且和空前a recent survey之间是被动关系,是过去分词
作后置定语。故答案为conducted。
2. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:根据 wenjuan网最近进行的一项调查,约96%的受
访青年表示,他们愿意购买国货,国货指的是国产品牌的产品。空后是谓语动词,句子缺少
主语,空前是逗号,所填词应该是关系代词并引导的非限制性定语从句;逗号前 products是
先行词,指物,且that不能引导非限制性定语从句,所以该空只能填which,引导非限制性定
语从句。故答案为which。
3. them 考查人称代词宾格。句意:与此同时,91.6%的人表示,他们希望有更多的视频节
目比以前更深入地挖掘中国传统文化。此处“......of them”表示“他们中的.......”,其中介词后
面用代词they的宾格。故答案为them。
4. deeper 考查形容词比较级。句意:与此同时,91.6%的人表示,他们希望有更多的视频节
目比以前更深入地挖掘中国传统文化。根据句中的 than 可知,句子用比较级。故答案为
deeper。
5. have expanded 考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意:在过去的十年中,中国食品饮料和个
人护理品牌的市场份额扩大了3.3%,达到近70%。根据时间状语Over the past decade可知,
句子用现在完成时,且句子主语是复数名词 brands,所以现在完成时中的助动词用 have。故答案为have expanded。
6. gradually 考查副词。句意:此外,外国产品优越的观点已逐渐被中国年轻人所抛弃。空
后的abandoned是过去分词,由副词修饰,所给词gradual是形容词,其副词是gradually。故
答案为gradually。
7. interviewees 考查名词复数。句意:受访者的年龄范围从 90 后到 00 后,其中 00 后占
22.1%。固定短语:a group of+名词复数,“一群......,一组......”;所给词interviewee是可数
名词,意为“受接见者,被采访者”。故答案为interviewees。
8. accounting 考查现在分词。句意:受访者的年龄范围从 90 后到 00 后,其中 00 后占
22.1%。with的复合结构:with+名词/代词+宾语补足语(如果名词/代词和宾语补足语之间是
主动关系,则用现在分词,如果是被动关系,则用过去分词)。动词短语:account for“对......
负有责任,说明......的原因,占......的比例”;句中the later和account for之间是主动关系,是
现在分词作宾语补足语。故答案为accounting。
9. to have 考查不定式作宾语。句意:中国青年是在国家经济腾飞时期出生和成长起来的,
因此他们往往对自己的民族身份和文化有很强的信心。动词 tend后跟动词不定式作宾语,
tend to do sth.“倾向于做某事”。故答案为to have。
10. a 考查不定冠词。句意: 如今的年轻人可以接触到各种各样的中国文化遗产,他们肩负
着传播中国文化的责任。固定短语:a variety of“各种各样的”,后跟名词复数。故答案为
a。
(二)
Adult hawksbill(玳瑁)sea turtles are very small. They typically range from 70 to 90 centimeters
in ___1__ (long)and weight anywhere from 45 to 70 kilograms. This allows them to be very
mobile. At the same time, ___2__,this makes them the easy targets to be attacked, ___3__ (force)
them to constantly seek shelter.
One of the primary reasons why hawksbill sea turtles are endangered is human demand for their
shells. For thousands of years, civilizations have sought their shells, ____4__ can be used as
decoration. In the last 100 years alone, millions of hawksbill sea turtles have been killed for shells,
though international trade bans ___5___(introduce)on the hawksbill sea turtle have reduced this
figure in recent years.
In addition to being used for their shells, hawksbill sea turtles are also ___6__(desperate)desiredas precious food. Their eggs are gathered and eaten by humans for their protein. Their meat ___7__
(consider)rare and expensive in many cultures.
The above reasons all account____8__ the endangerment of the hawksbill sea turtle , but there are
many other reasons why the species faces horrible ___9___(circumstance). Fortunately, interest in
preserving the hawksbill sea turtle has never been ___10___(high). With this trend, we will
hopefully see a rise in the number of hawksbill sea turtles worldwide.
【答案】
1. length 2. however 3. forcing 4. which 5. introduced
3. desperately 7. is considered 8. for 9. circumstances 10. higher
【解析】
1. length 考查名词。句意:它们的长度一般在 70到90厘米之间,重量在45到70公斤之间。
空前介词 in 后面不能用形容词,要用名词或动名词,所给词 long 是形容词,其名词是
length。故答案为length。
2. however 考查副词。句意:这使得它们具有很强的流动性。然而,与此同时,这使得它
们很容易成为攻击的目标,迫使它们不断地寻求庇护。上下文是一种转折关系,因为空后有
逗号,所以要用副词however。故答案为however。
3. forcing 考查非谓语动词。句意:这使得它们具有很强的流动性。然而,与此同时,这使
得它们很容易成为攻击的目标,迫使它们不断地寻求庇护。句中有谓语动词 makes ,所以所
给动词force是非谓语动词,且和上文构成主动关系,这里是现在分词作结果状语。故答案为
forcing。
4. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:几千年来,文明社会一直在寻找它们的壳,可以
用作装饰。此处shells是先行词,指物,在逗号后面的从句中作主语,that不能引导非限制性
定语从句,所以这里是which引导的非限制性定语从句。故答案为which。
5. introduced 考查非谓语动词。句意:仅在过去的100年里,就有数百万只玳瑁被杀,尽管
近年来对玳瑁实施的国际贸易禁令已经减少了这一数字。该句是复合句,含though引导的让
步状语从句,have been killed是主句的谓语动词, have reduced 是从句的谓语动词,所以所
给词introduce是非谓语动词,且和空前的名词bans之间是被动关系,这里是过去分词作后置
定语。故答案为introduced。
6. desperately 考查词性转换。句意:除了被用来制作龟壳,玳瑁也是人们迫切渴望的珍贵
食物。空后desired是过去分词,由副词修饰,所给词 desperate“不顾一切的”是形容词,其副词是desperately。故答案为desperately。
7. is considered 考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:在许多文化中,它们的肉被
认为是稀有而昂贵的。所给词 consider是动词,是句子的唯一动词,所以它是谓语动词;该
句在描述一个客观事实,且句子主语meat是不可数名词,和谓语动词consider之间是被动关
系,是一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为is considered。
8. for 考查介词。句意:以上原因都说明了玳瑁濒临灭绝的原因,但还有许多其他原因导致
该物种面临可怕的环境。动词短语:account for,意为“对......负有责任,说明......的原因,
占......的比例”。故答案为for。
9. circumstances 考查名词复数。句意:以上原因都说明了玳瑁濒临灭绝的原因,但还有许
多其他原因导致该物种面临可怕的环境。所给词circumstance“情况,环境”是可数名词,此
处指可怕的“环境”,用复数形式。故答案为circumstances。
10. higher 考查比较级。句意:幸运的是,人们对保护玳瑁的兴趣从未如此高涨。此处是
“否定词never+比较级”表达“最高级”的意思。故答案为higher。
(三)
China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has been operating smoothly and providing
stable quality services to global users since its launch. Its service ___1__ (capable) is now first-class
in the world.
China officially put the BDS-3 system into use on July 31, 2020, ___2___ (open) the service to
global users. Along with positioning, navigation and timing services, the BDS system can provide a
variety of value-added services, ___3___ include global search and rescue assistance, short message
communication, as well as precise point positioning. ___4___ (base) on real-time test results, the
BDS’s positioning, speed measurement, timing accuracy, and its service availability and continuity
all meet requirements.
BDS is serving diverse ___5__ (industry), generating profits in ___6__ field of mass consumer
products and becoming increasingly integrated into people’s lives. Both the regional and global short
message communication services are now open ___7___ both the public and users in various fields.
Meanwhile, the positioning function is being used in agriculture, land survey and automatic driving.
The BDS is now serving the world. So far, the key BeiDou-related products ___8___ (export) to
more than 120 countries and regions. Major international smartphone manufacturers have ___9___
(wide) supported BeiDou. By 2020, 79 percent of the smartphones in the Chinese market had appliedfor network access ___10___ (support) BDS positioning.
【答案】
1. capability 2. opening 3. which 4. Based 5. industries 6. the 7. to 8. have been
exported 9. widely 10. to support
【解析】
1. capability 考查名词。句意:它的服务能力是世界一流的。句中 its是形容词性物主代词,
修饰名词,所给词 capable 是形容词,意为“有能力的”,其名词是 capability。故答案为
capability。
2. opening 考查非谓语动词。句意:2020年7月31日,中国北斗三号系统正式投入使用,
向全球用户开放服务。句中 put是谓语动词,所给动词open“打开”是非谓语动词,且和句子
主语China之间是主动关系,是现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为opening。
3. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:除了定位、导航和授时服务外,北斗系统还可以
提供多种增值服务,包括全球搜索和救援援助、短消息通信以及精确点定位。逗号前的
services是先行词,指物,后面的定语从句缺少引导词和主语,且that不能引导非限制性定语
从句,所以这里用which代替services引导非限制性定语从句。故答案为which。
4. Based 考查非谓语动词。句意:根据实时测试结果,北斗系统的定位、测速、授时精度、
服务可用性和连续性均符合要求。句中 meet“满足,符合”是谓语动词,所给词 base“以......为
基础”是非谓语动词,且和主语the BDS’s positioning, speed measurement, timing accuracy, and
its service availability and continuity 之间是被动关系是过去分词作状语;固定搭配:be based
on“以......为基础”;位于句子开头,首字母用大写。故答案为Based。
5. industries 考查名词复数。句意:根据空前的 BDS is serving diverse 可知,这里用名词作
宾语,diverse是形容词,意为“不同的,各式各样的”,后跟名词复数,所给词industry的
复数是industries。故答案为industries。
6. the 考查定冠词。句意:北斗系统服务于各行各业,在大众消费品领域产生利润,日益融
入人们的生活。固定搭配:in the field of,意为“在......领域”。故答案为the。
7. to 考查介词。句意:区域和全球短信息通信服务现已向公众和各个领域的用户开放。固
定搭配:be open to,意为“对......开放”,其中to是介词。故答案为to。
8. have been exported 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意:到目前为止,北斗相关的关键产
品已出口到120多个国家和地区。 products是句子主语,复数形式,和谓语动词 export之间
是被动关系,再根据时间状语 so far“到目前为止”可知,此处用现在完成时的被动语态。故答案为have been exported。
9. widely 考查词性转换。句意:国际主要智能手机制造商广泛支持北斗系统。空后
supported 是过去分词,由副词修饰,所给词 wide 是形容词,其副词是 widely。故答案为
widely。
10. to support 考查非谓语动词。句意:截至 2020年,中国市场上79%的智能手机已申请入
网支持北斗定位。句中had applied 是谓语动词,所给词support是非谓语动词,是动词不定
式作目的状语。故答案为to support。
(四)
The younger generation is turning its back on the traditional holiday routes of museums and
shopping centers in favour of new experiences. Traditionally, Chinese tourists travel in large
groups____1___ (organize )by travel agencies. The problem is that such trips lack privacy,
flexibility or individuality.
Now, a growing number of Chinese are expressing interest in vacations which are tailored ____2___
(meet)their specific requirements. Studies show that most of them are middle class. Their high
incomes make it possible for them to design their unique holiday ___3___ (path)instead of
walking on well-worn ones. Moreover. The majority are __4___(main)the post-80s youth and 90s
youth, __5___ don’t want to visit crowded tourist sites. Instead, they are looking __6___ novel
experiences to see new cultures and hear exceptional stories.
China is a latecomer to the __7__(develop)of new forms of tourism. It will take some time to
popularize the new travel trend and the prices must remain competitive to ensure that regular tourists
can afford ___8__. However, as society___9__ (progress), the rapid rise in incomes and
___10___ ( high ) living standards will see more Chinese searching for experiences that are
anything but traditional.
【答案】
1. organized 2. to meet 3. paths 4. mainly 5. who
6. for 7. development 8. them 9. progresses 10. higher
【解析】
1. organized 考查非谓语动词。句意:传统上,中国游客都是由旅行社组织的大旅行团。句
中travel是谓语动词,所给动词organize应是非谓语动词,且organize和空前的groups之间是
被动关系,所以这里是过去分词作后置定语。故答案为organized。2. to meet 考查非谓语动词。句意:现在,越来越多的中国人对为满足他们特定需求而量身
定制的假期表现出兴趣。在which引导的定语从句中are tailored是谓语动词,所以所给动词
meet“满足”是非谓语动词,且在句中作目的状语。故答案为to meet。
3. paths 考查名词复数。句意:他们的高收入使他们有可能设计自己独特的度假路线,而不
是走在破旧的道路上。根据空前的 their可知,后面的名词 path应该用复数形式。故答案为
paths。
4. mainly 考查副词。句意:大多数游客主要是80后和90后,他们不想去拥挤的旅游景点。
此处是副词修饰后面的名词词组the post-80s youth and 90s youth,所给词main是形容词,其
副词是mainly。故答案为mainly。
5. who 考查定语从句。句意:大多数游客主要是 80后和90后,他们不想去拥挤的旅游景
点。逗号前的the post-80s youth and 90s youth 是先行词,指人,空后的定语从句缺少引导词
和主语,且that不能引导非限制性定语从句,所以这里是关系代词who代替先行词引导非限
制性定语从句。故答案为who。
6. for 考查介词。句意:相反,他们在寻找新奇的体验,去看新文化,听不同寻常的故事。
动词短语:look for,意为“寻找”。故答案为for。
7. development 考查词性转换。句意:在开发新型旅游方式方面,中国是后来者。推广这种
新的旅游趋势还需要一段时间,而且价格必须保持竞争力,以确保普通游客能负担得起。分
析句子结构the __7__(develop)of可知,the用在名词前面,所给词develop是动词,其名词
是development。故答案为development。
8. them 考查代词宾格。句意:在开发新型旅游方式方面,中国是后来者。推广这种新的旅
游趋势还需要一段时间,而且价格必须保持竞争力,以确保普通游客能负担得起。空前
afford“负担”是动词,后面用宾格 them 作宾语,替代前面的名词复数 prices。故答案为
them。
9. progresses 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:然而,随着社会的进步,收入的快速增长
和生活水平的提高,将会有更多的中国人寻求非传统的尝试。该句是复合句,含 as引导的时
间状语从句,主句是一般将来时,则从句用一般现在时,且从句主语society“社会”是不可数
名词,所以谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式,所给词 progress在句中是动词,意为“取
得进步”,第三人称单数形式是progresses。故答案为progresses。
10. higher 考查比较级。句意:然而,随着社会的进步,收入的快速增长和生活水平的提高,将会有更多的中国人寻求非传统的尝试。根据 more 可知,该空用形容词比较级。故答案为
higher。