01 高考语法填空抢分热点之非谓语动词
一、考点精讲
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词-ing形式（现在分词和动名词）和过去分词，是高考热点。
但学生分不清现在分词和进行时态，过去分词和被动语态，对动词不定式的运用也是模棱两
可。归根结底，学生不会分辨“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”。这还要从根上解决，首先要
弄清楚句子种类。句子按结构分，分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1. 简单句。由一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词构成的句子是简单句。也就是说，一个简单
句中只能有一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词（省略句除外）。谓语动词指的就是动词的时态
（一般现在时、一般过去时......）和语态（一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语
态......）。例如：（1）He leaves home for school at 6 every morning.（leaves是谓语动词）每天
早上他六点钟离开家去上学。（2）The plane takes off at 11:40 and arrives in Shanghai at 1:30.
（takes off和arrives是并列的谓语动词）飞机十一点四十起飞，一点半抵达上海。（3）The
company was set up in 2012.（was set up一般过去时的被动语态，是句子的谓语动词）这家公
司是2012年成立的。
2. 并列句。并列句是指由并列连词 and、but、or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而
构成的句子。即：简单句+并列连词+简单句。常见的并连连词：and（和）、but（但是）、
or（或者；否定句中的“和”；否则）、so（所以）。并列句中的简单句是平等关系。例如：
Work hard, and you will succeed in time.（努力工作，总有一天你会成功的。）
3. 复合句。复合句也称主从句，从句须由引导词引出，否则复合句不成立。即：主句（简
单句）+引导词+从句（简单句）。复合句包括：状语从句（9种）；定语从句（2种）；名词
性从句（4种）。不同的从句有不同的引导词。复合句中的简单句是主从关系，从句在复合
句中做成分，是次要的句子。例如：If you work hard, you will succeed in time.（努力工作，总
有一天你会成功的。）
从以上分析可以看出，不论是并列句，还是复合句都离不开简单句，并列句只不过是多了一
个并列连词，复合句只不过是多了一个引导词，最终要归到简单句上，是简单句就只能有一
个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词，掌握了这一点就能分清楚“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”。
如何判断动词用“谓语动词”还是用“非谓语动词”？
1.谓语动词指的就是动词的时态（一般现在时、一般过去时......）和语态（一般现在时的被动
语态、一般过去时的被动语态......）；非谓语动词指的是：动词不定式、动词-ing形式（现在分词和动名词）和过去分词。
2. 一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词。
3. 首先找到简单句中的谓语动词，然后再出现的动词则为非谓语动词。但是要注意：一个句
子中可以有并列的谓语动词，从句中同样要有谓语动词，只要是简单句就有谓语动词（省略
句除外）。
4. 如果判断是谓语动词，则选用合适的时态、语态；如果判断是非谓语动词，则选用合适的
非谓语动词形式。例如：就拿并列句和复合句中的例子来说，如果用非谓语动词表示“努力
工作，总有一天你会成功的”则应该是“Working hard, you will succeed in time.”（句中 will
succeed是谓语动词，因为是简单句，所以work就是非谓语动词，且you和work之间是主动
关系，是现在分词作状语。）
二、高考真题经典解读。
例如：（2023年新高考卷I语法填空）
1.To eat one, you have to decide whether ___57___(bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream
and risking a spill (溢出), ____58____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup
explode on your tongue.
2.Shanghai may be the ____59____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will
actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
3.Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___61___ (lift) out of the
steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____62___ (they) contents.
4. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____64___ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I
am always left ____65___(want) more next time.
（2021年新高考卷I语法填空）
1. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole
adventure ______(62) offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ______(63)(ache)legs.
2. You can’t help wondering how hard it ______(61)(be)for the people then to put all those rocks
into place.
3. But that's how nature is —always leaving us ______(60)(astonish).
（2022年新高考卷I语法填空）
1. ___56___ (cover) an area about three times ___57__ size of Yellowstone National Part, the
GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country.2. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___ (be) previously
unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority
____59___ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
3. The GPNP ___60____ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity
and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological
buffer zones, ____61___ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations".
三、实战演练
1. Human life is regarded as part of nature and, similarly, the only way for us_________(survive) is
to live in harmony with nature.
2. Ordinary soap, _______（use）correctly , can deal with bacteria effectively.
3. This is one of the farthest places that ______ (explore) so far in that country.
4. We were all impressed by the statue of the horse ________ (date) back to the Xia dynasty.
5. ________ (trap) in the river for five hours makes the thief look very pale and exhausted.
6. If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that _____ （suit）
everyone.
7. On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ______
（voice）my biggest concern to my mother“How will I make friends？”
8. My colleague refused to accept it, ______（say）that we were all just doing our job.
9. You don’t have to run fast or for long ______（see）the benefit.
10. What differed from the previous case was that the suspect________(destroy)the database and
the corresponding data.
【答案】had destroyed
四、优秀模拟试卷之语法填空精选
（一）
Young Chinese consumers are becoming fans of home-made brands and turning their back on foreign
products.
According to a recent survey 1 (conduct) by wenjuan. com some 96 percent of the surveyed youth
said they were willing to purchase guochao products, 2 refer to products by homegrown brands.At
the same time , 91.6 percent of 3 expressed their expectations for more video programs digging
4 (deep )into traditional Chinese culture than before.Over the past decade, Chinese food drink andpersonal care brands 5 ( expand ) their market share by 3.3 percent to nearly 70 percent. ln
addition .the opinion that foreign products are superior has been 6 (gradual) abandoned by
Chinese youngsters.
The age group of the 7 ( interviewee ) ranged from the post-90s to "the post-2000s generations ,
with the later 8 (account) for 22.1 percent. Unlike older generations who might favor Western
culture and brands.
Chinese youth were born and raised when the country's economy was taking off so they tend
____9___(have) strong confidence in their national identity and culture.
The youth, who nowadays can access____10___wide variety of China's cultural heritages（遗产）
are carrying the responsibility of spreading Chinese culture.Obviously, they're really doing well.
（二）
Adult hawksbill（玳瑁）sea turtles are very small. They typically range from 70 to 90 centimeters
in ___1__ （long）and weight anywhere from 45 to 70 kilograms. This allows them to be very
mobile. At the same time, ___2__,this makes them the easy targets to be attacked, ___3__ （force）
them to constantly seek shelter.
One of the primary reasons why hawksbill sea turtles are endangered is human demand for their
shells. For thousands of years, civilizations have sought their shells, ____4__ can be used as
decoration. In the last 100 years alone, millions of hawksbill sea turtles have been killed for shells,
though international trade bans ___5___（introduce）on the hawksbill sea turtle have reduced this
figure in recent years.
In addition to being used for their shells, hawksbill sea turtles are also ___6__（desperate）desired
as precious food. Their eggs are gathered and eaten by humans for their protein. Their meat ___7__
（consider）rare and expensive in many cultures.
The above reasons all account____8__ the endangerment of the hawksbill sea turtle , but there are
many other reasons why the species faces horrible ___9___（circumstance）. Fortunately, interest in
preserving the hawksbill sea turtle has never been ___10___（high）. With this trend, we will
hopefully see a rise in the number of hawksbill sea turtles worldwide.
（三）
China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has been operating smoothly and providing
stable quality services to global users since its launch. Its service ___1__ (capable) is now first-classin the world.
China officially put the BDS-3 system into use on July 31, 2020, ___2___ (open) the service to
global users. Along with positioning, navigation and timing services, the BDS system can provide a
variety of value-added services, ___3___ include global search and rescue assistance, short message
communication, as well as precise point positioning. ___4___ (base) on real-time test results, the
BDS’s positioning, speed measurement, timing accuracy, and its service availability and continuity
all meet requirements.
BDS is serving diverse ___5__ (industry), generating profits in ___6__ field of mass consumer
products and becoming increasingly integrated into people’s lives. Both the regional and global short
message communication services are now open ___7___ both the public and users in various fields.
Meanwhile, the positioning function is being used in agriculture, land survey and automatic driving.
The BDS is now serving the world. So far, the key BeiDou-related products ___8___ (export) to
more than 120 countries and regions. Major international smartphone manufacturers have ___9___
(wide) supported BeiDou. By 2020, 79 percent of the smartphones in the Chinese market had applied
for network access ___10___ (support) BDS positioning.
（四）
The younger generation is turning its back on the traditional holiday routes of museums and
shopping centers in favour of new experiences. Traditionally， Chinese tourists travel in large
groups____1___ （organize ）by travel agencies. The problem is that such trips lack privacy,
flexibility or individuality.
Now, a growing number of Chinese are expressing interest in vacations which are tailored ____2___
（meet）their specific requirements. Studies show that most of them are middle class. Their high
incomes make it possible for them to design their unique holiday ___3___ （path）instead of
walking on well-worn ones. Moreover. The majority are __4___（main）the post-80s youth and 90s
youth, __5___ don’t want to visit crowded tourist sites. Instead, they are looking __6___ novel
experiences to see new cultures and hear exceptional stories.
China is a latecomer to the __7__（develop）of new forms of tourism. It will take some time to
popularize the new travel trend and the prices must remain competitive to ensure that regular tourists
can afford ___8__. However, as society___9__ （progress）, the rapid rise in incomes and
___10___ （ high ） living standards will see more Chinese searching for experiences that areanything but traditional.
