考点分析
专题突破06 原因与结果（听力专练）
考查方向与常见提问方式
这类题目主要考查考生是否能够理解对话或独白中事件发生的原因、理由或导致的结果、影响。
1. 考查原因/理由
这类问题直接询问某事发生的原因或某人做某事的理由。
常见问法：
Why...?
What is the reason for...?
What causes...?
For what purpose...?
What makes sb. do sth.?
Why is the man/woman...?
2. 考查结果/影响
这类问题询问某个行动或事件导致了什么后果。
常见问法：
What happens as a result?
What will the man/woman probably do?
What is the consequence of...?
3. 考查目的/意图
这类问题询问某人做某事的目的，可以看作是未来的“原因”。
常见问法：
What does the man want/wish to do?
Why does the man call the woman?
What is the purpose of the man’s visit/call?
试题中常见的信号词与逻辑关系
听力材料中通常不会直接说“因为...所以...”，而是通过一些关键词和逻辑关系来暗示因果。
1. 原因信号词
直接原因：because: 因为；since: 由于，既然；s: 由于，因为；or: 因为（语气较正式，多用于书面语）；
ow that: 既然，由于
名词化原因：The reason is...: 原因是...；That’s why...: 那就是为什么...（这就是...的原因）；Due to...: 由
于，因为；Owing to...: 由于，因为；Thanks to...: 多亏了，由于；As a result of...: 作为...的结果，由于；
On account of...: 由于，因为
动词/短语：cause: 引起，导致；lead to: 导致，造成；result from: 由...引起，起因于；be responsible for:
是...的原因，对...负责
解题策略及技巧
2. 结果信号词
直接结果： so: 所以，因此；therefore: 因此，所以（正式）；thus: 因此，从而（正式）；hence: 因此，
所以（正式）；as a result: 结果，因此；consequently: 因此，结果（正式）
动词/短语：so...that...: 如此...以至于...；such...that...: 如此...以至于...；result in: 导致，造成；lead to: 导
致，造成；cause: 引起，导致
3. 隐含逻辑（无信号词）
这是难度较高的考查方式。因果逻辑隐含在对话的上下文中。
例如：
A: Oh no, I left my umbrella in the taxi!
B: No wonder you're all wet.
(隐含原因：A 被淋湿的原因是雨伞落在出租车上了。)
策略
精听训练： 专门找包含因果关系的听力材料进行精听，反复听直到能清晰地复述出原因和结果。
跟读模仿： 跟读原文，熟悉英语中表达因果的语音语调。
总结归纳： 整理错题，分析自己是没听到信号词，还是没理解言外之意。
技巧1 预读选项，预测因果： 在听力开始前，快速浏览选项。如果选项是名词短语或表示状态的句子
（如 A. His car broke down. B. He was caught in traffic. C. He had a meeting.），这很可能是一道原
因题。如果选项是动词短语（如 A. Call a taxi. B. Work late. C. Cancel the appointment.），则可能考查
基于原因所采取的行动（结果）。
技巧2 听中抓取，标记因果： 对话开始后，对上述“原因”和“结果”信号词保持高度敏感。一旦听到，
立即在相关选项旁做标记。特别注意第二个说话者的追问，如 “Why?” “What happened?”，这通常会
引出一个重要的原因陈述。
技巧3 构建逻辑链，锁定答案： 不要孤立地听单个词汇，要理解整个因果逻辑链。例如，听到 “ I was
late because my car broke down.”，要建立 “car broke down (因) -> was late (果)” 的联系。问题问
原因，就选 “car broke down”；问题问结果，就选 “was late”。
技巧4 区分直接原因与干扰信息： 对话中可能会出现多个原因，要识别哪个是问题的直接原因。例如，
一个深层原因可能导致一个直接原因，最终引发结果。问题通常考查最直接的那个原因。
技巧5 理解同义转述： 正确答案几乎总是对原文的同义转述。
原文： I overslept because my alarm clock didn’t go off.
选项： A. His alarm failed to work.
技巧6 注意语气和语调： 说话人表示遗憾、惊讶或无奈的语气，往往伴随着重要原因的揭示，需要格外
留意。
强化训练
练习 1 听下面10 个句子。每段句子后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听
完每个句子后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每个句子仅读一遍。难度：三星
1. Why does the woman suggest the shirt with long sleeves?
A. It is lovely.
B. It is warm.
C. It is comfortable.
2. Why will the man go to New York City?
A. To see an exhibition.
B. To learn about art.
C. To go on business.
3. Why has the man come to Seville?
A. To attend a meeting.
B. To visit some exhibitions.
C. To find a place for a conference.
4. Why is the woman worried?
A. She can't find her car.
B. She is late for her class.
C. She has difficulty parking her car.
5. Why is there a traffic jam in the center of town?
A. The street is blocked by a tree. B. A car ran into a truck.
C. A truck hit a tree.
6. Why does the man usually go to Brazil?
A. To do business.
B. To go sightseeing.
C. To visit his family.
7. Why does the man want to change his job?
A. His pay is low.
B. His boss is unreliable. C. His job is not challenging.
8. Why can't the man go to the concert with the woman?
A. He will go to the club.
B. He has no ticket.
C. He has to work.
9. Why does the man want to leave the class early?
A. He has a toothache.
B. He has to take his sister to the dentist.
C. He needs to pick up his younger sister.
10. Why is the woman talking to the man?
A. To buy a coat.
B. To change a coat.
C. To return a coat.
练习 2 听下面30 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听
完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。难度等级：
四星
1. Why is Sally late for the appointment?
A. She had an accident.
B. She went to the hospital.
C. She had to pick someone up.
2. Why does Miss Williams want to move Tom’s seat?
A. He doesn’t keep focused in class.
B. He can’t see the blackboard well.
C. He can’t hear the teacher clearly.
3. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To ask for sick leave.
B. To postpone a meeting.
C. To schedule an appointment.
4. Why did Julia leave the party early last night?
A. She needed to attend a meeting.
B. She had to get up early today.
C. She didn’t feel well.
5. Why did the woman cancel her reservation?
A. She is flying to London.
B. She dislikes the restaurant.
C. Her husband won't be available.
6. Why does the man ask for help?
A. He wants to cancel the Wi-Fi installation.
B. He will be unavailable at home on Thursday.
C. He needs to change the installation technician.
7. Why doesn’t the man’s alarm clock wake him up?
A. The battery is dead.
B. It’s not loud enough.
C. He set it to the wrong time.
8. What causes the problem according to the woman?
A. The laptop.
B. The email account.
C. The Internet connection.
9. Why did the man resign?
A. He disliked the new position.
B. He had a heavy workload.
C. He couldn’t get a pay raise.
10. Why does the man talk to Dr. Simpson?
A. To make an apology. B. To ask for help. C. To discuss his studies.
11. Why did the woman apologize?
A. She made a late delivery.
B. She went to the wrong place.
C. She couldn't take the cake back.
12. Why is the girl upset?
A. Her mother is out of work.
B. Her family is about to leave.
C. She has no friends now.
13. Why does the man talk to the woman?
A. To change his flight.
B. To make a reservation.
C. To ask about the ticket price.
14. Why is the man calling?
A. To make an appointment.
B. To change an appointment.
C. To cancel an appointment.
15. Why is the woman calling?
A. To check an order. B. To place an order. C. To change an order.
16. Why doesn't the boy have his homework?
A. He left it at home. B. He didn't finish it. C. His sister ruined it.
17. Why is the woman calling Mr. Flores?
A. To give him a message.
B. To talk about a job opening.
C. To ask him to read a newspaper.
18. Why does the woman thank the man?
A. He has invited her to a tour.
B. He has treated her to dinner.
C. He has helped her with the tour.
19. Why does the man want the woman to go for a walk in the park?
A. To pick up his suits.
B. To enjoy herself in the park.
C. To do exercise.
20. What’s the reason for the man moving to a new house?
A. Because it’s near his workplace.
B. Because it has a good view of hills.
C. Because it’s cheap and comfortable.
21. Why did the woman arrive late?
A. Her car broke down.
B. She went there by bike.
C. She was stuck in traffic jams.
22. Why does the woman apologize to the man?
A. She ran into him.
B. She lost his bags.
C. She forgot his name.
23. Why will the man go to the woman's office at 4:00?
A. To have a class.
B. To take a test.
C. To see a doctor.
24. Why does the man call the woman?
A. To ask for a sick leave.
B. To ask about English classes.
C. To discuss tomorrow’s schedule.
25. Why can’t the man go for dinner?
练习答案及录音原文
A. He’s too tired
B. He's broke.
C. He’s lost his phone.
26. Why does the man make the phone call?
A. Because his plane was late.
B. Because his office was locked.
C. Because his luggage was lost.
27. Why does the woman want James to stop playing his video games?
A. Dinner is ready.
B. She’s worried about his eyes.
C. He hasn’t finished his homework.
28. Why does the woman want to move to a new apartment？
A. Because she likes watching TV.
B. Because she needs a quiet place.
C. Because the new apartment is cheap.
29. Why does the man stop eating bread?
A. Because he has had enough．
B. Because he doesn't like bread．
C. Because he wants to lose weight．
30. What caused the company sales to increase?
A. The online marketing campaign.
B. The extra salespeople.
C. The discount prices.
练习 1
1—5 BCCAA
6—10 ACCBB
练习 2
1—5 CAACC
6—10 BCCAA
11—15 ABCBA
16—20 CBCAA
21—25 BABAB
26—30 CBBCA
录音原文
练习 1
1. W: This short-sleeved shirt is lovely and comfortable, but you might get cold. Why don't you wear a
long-sleeved one instead?
2. M: I have meetings all day in New York City, and my only free time is Saturday morning before my
flight. I'd love to see the new exhibition at the Museum of Art, but there just won't be enough time.
3. M: I'm in Seville on a research trip, visiting various hotels and exhibition centers to find a place for
our next European conference.
4. W: I hurried to my class an hour ago and left my car in the underground parking lot and now it's
gone.
5. W: It is reported that a tree has fallen across the street, and there are trucks that can't pass, so now
all the cars are stuck behind them and can't move at all.
6. M: Really? I usually go to Brazil for business. Do you have family there? Anyway, we need to make
sure you have plenty of time for travel and to visit them while you're here.
7. M: Yes. But I really need a job that is much more challenging although the pay is good and my
employer has always been very reliable.
8. M: I’m afraid I can't go to the concert with you. I have to continue working on a really important
project. Will you go to the club after the concert?
9. M: I'm sorry, is it OK if I leave the class early today? I have to take my younger sister to the dentist.
10. W: Yes, I bought this coat here yesterday, and I really like it, but it's a bit tight. I was wondering if
I could change it for another one.
练习 2
Text 1
M: Sally, where have you been? We were supposed to meet hours ago.
W: Sorry, Mark. Somebody from work had an accident and had to go to hospital. I offered to pick her son up from
school.
Text 2
W: Tom, I would like you to sit in the front.
M: But why Miss Williams? Billy and I always sit at the back by the window and we can see the board clearly.
W: Okay, but you often look outside instead of listening carefully in class.
Text 3
W: Hello, Mr. Smith, this is Emily. I woke up this morning with a fever and an upset stomach, so I’m afraid I won’t
be able to attend the meeting today.
M: I’m sorry to hear that. Please take care of yourself and get some rest.
W: Thanks.
Text 4
M: Hi Julia, I’m glad I’ve seen you. I love your gift. I wanted to say thanks at the party last night, but I didn’t see
you there.
W: You’re welcome! I left the party early because I had a headache. I had an early morning meeting yesterday.
Text 5
M: Hello, Sherry! I noticed you canceled your reservation on Saturday at our restaurant. Anything I can do to help?
W: My husband has to fly to London for work and won’t be back until next week. So I am looking to reschedule for
another day.
M: I see. So glad it wasn’t our food or service that made you less satisfied.
W: Don’t worry, it’s just a change of plan. I am still a big fan of your restaurant.
Text 6
M: I arranged for Wi-Fi to be installed at my home on Thursday.
W: Yes, that’s correct. Everything is booked in, so don’t worry.
M: Sorry, but a problem came up and I won’t be home. I definitely need it set up soon, though. How can you help
me?
Text 7
M: My alarm clock never wakes me up. Looks like I need to change its battery.
W: Is it set correctly?
M: Oops, I set it to PM instead of AM!
Text 8
W: Is there something wrong with your laptop?
M: Every time I try to log on to read my email, it loses the connection.
W: It could be that the wireless connection is unreliable here
Text 9
W: I heard you quit your job. Didn’t your boss just promise to give you a raise?
M: Yeah, but he switched me to customer service. Though the workload was similar to before, it’s just not what I
want to do at all.
Text 10
M: I'm sorry I was late for class today, Dr. Simpson.
W: Well, I’ll let it go this time. But you saw it disturbed the rest of the class.
M: Yes, I realized that. I won’t let it happen again.
Text 11
W: I'm sorry the cake is late. We511 do better next time, I promise.
M: Well, I’m sorry too. You'll have to take it back. The birthday party is over and we don't need the
cake any more.
Text 12
M: What’s wrong, Rachel? You look upset.
W: My mum's got a job in Liverpool!
M: Oh, no!
W: Exactly! I’ve finally made friends after years of loneliness here. And now off we go again. Why
can’t my mum have a steady job?
Text 13
W: How can I help you?
M: I'd like to know how much a flight from New York to Los Angeles costs? I’d like to fly
economy.
W: That’ll cost $899. Would you like to make a reservation?
M: No, Td like to think about it.
Text 14
M: Sony for calling so late in the day.
W: That’s OK.
M: Good. I'm actually calling about my visit. I’m afraid I’ve just realized I can't make it on
Wednesday. Can we move the meeting to Thursday?
W: OK. Yes, the afternoon is free.
Text 15
W: Hello, I'm calling to ask about an order for a delivery of mineral water. The order number is 811992.
M: OK. Er, right, we received your order for four bottles and it's being delivered.
W: No, that’s not right. We wanted fourteen bottles.
Text 16
W: Donald, may I ask why you don't have your homework?
M: I left it on the table at my house after I finished it yesterday, and my sister found it. She drew a
picture on it using a big black marker. It made my homework impossible to read.
Text 17
W: Hello? May I speak to Mr. Flores? I need to talk to him about the job opening advertised in the
local newspaper.
M: Mr. Flores isn't in the office. May I take a message?
W: That’s OK. TH call back at the end of the week.
Text 18
W: I just want to say thank you for all your hard work. You've helped this part of the tour go really
smoothly. I'd like to invite you to dinner tonight.
M: Thank you. I'd like to say it's been a pleasure working with you.
Text 19
M: Do you fancy a walk in the park and you can have some exercise?
W: No, not particularly.
M: Emm ...You know the dry cleaner's near the park shuts at 8:00, doesn't it? And I'm too busy to
get my suits back now.
Text 20
W: Wow! I can see the hills from your windows. Is that the reason you moved to this area?
M: No. I came here because it meant I’d have an easier journey to work. It’s not cheap to live here, unfortunately,
but I’ve got loads of space.
Text 21
M: Hi, Lucy. Why are you so late? Is the traffic held up? Or is there anything wrong with your car?
W: Actually, I got here on my bike. I am sick of the bus. It’s too crowded. My car is limited today.
Text 22
W: Oh, my. I almost made you drop your bags! I didn’t see you turning the corner — I’m so sorry for crashing into
you!
M: That’s all right, Miss. Accidents happen. At least no one is hurt!
Text 23
M: Professor Goodwin, I wasn’t in class yesterday because I had a cold. Could you give me a make-up test？
W: Of course. Come to my office at four o’clock, and we’ll do it then.
Text 24
W: Hello. English Language Center.
M: Hello, Sarah. This is Jacob. I have a bad cold. Could I take today off? I think I’ll be ready for tomorrow.
W: Sure. We’ll see if we can get another teacher to cover your classes.
Text 25
W: Sam, what about going out to eat with us tonight?
M: I’d like to, but I can’t.
W: So what are you busy with?
M: Nothing. I’m just broke. I spent all my money on my new cellphone.
Text 26
W: British Airway. Good morning.
M: Hello, my name is John Hill. I didn’t get my luggage when I arrived here yesterday.
W: Yes, Sir. I’ll put you on to our Lost and Found office. Just a second, please.
Text 27
W: James, you're still playing video games, aren't you?
M: I am, but I have already done all of my homework.
W: Looking at that screen all night will damage your vision. Please shut it off. Dinner is in an hour, see you
downstairs then.
Text 28
M: It is said that you want to move to a new apartment.
W: Yes, although it will be more expensive. My neighbor watches TV all night long and I can’t sleep well.
Text 29
M: I've stopped eating bread．
W: But I don't think it is enough if you want to lose weight．
M: I know, but it's only a beginning．
Text 30
M: How are the sales figures looking?
W: They’re great! We had a sharp rise after the online marketing campaign began. It’s better than hiring extra
salespeople.
M: Good! Now I’m thinking of offering some discount next season.
