专题18 图表作文
第一部分：图表作文核心认知
图表类作文考察学生观察图表、描述图表的能力。主要通过试题提供的一组和几组数据来反映某
个去式或者某一个问题、现象。要求考生对图表的数据进行梳理、概括和评论。图表类型有: 柱状图
（column chart）、饼状图（pie chart）、折线图（line graph）等
1. 写作目的：客观描述图表中的主要信息、数据变化和趋势，并在此基础上进行简单的分析和评论。
2. 三要素：
· 描述 (Description)：客观陈述数据，不添加个人观点。
· 分析 (Analysis)：点明数据背后的规律、趋势或对比。
· 评论 (Comment)：简要分析原因或阐述可能的影响/意义。
3. 常见图表类型：
· 柱状图 (Bar Chart)：强调不同类别之间的比较。
· 折线图 (Line Graph)：显示数据随时间的变化趋势。
· 饼状图 (Pie Chart)：展示各部分在整体中所占的比例。
· 表格 (Table)：呈现具体的数据集合，需要自己归纳趋势。
第二部分：万能写作模板
模板一：经典三段式
Paragraph 1: 引言段 - 概述图表
The [chart/graph/table/pie chart] provides some fascinating data regarding [图表主题] during [时间/范围].
As can be seen from the [chart], [总体概括句，点明最核心的趋势或现象].
· 【译文】：该【图表】提供了一些关于【时间/范围】内【图表主题】的有趣数据。从图表中可以看出，
【总体概括句】。
Paragraph 2: 主体段 - 描述细节
Looking at the data more closely, we can observe that...
· （描述最高/最低点）: It is noteworthy that [A] accounts for the largest proportion at [数据], while
写作指导
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[B] takes up the smallest share at merely [数据].
· （描述变化趋势）: The figure for [C] experienced a sharp/steady/gradual increase/decrease from [数据]
in [年份] to [数据] in [年份].
· （描述对比）: In contrast to [D], the number of [E] remained relatively stable.
· 【译文】：更仔细地观察数据，我们可以发现……
· 值得注意的是，（A）占据了最大比例，达（数据），而（B）仅占最小份额，仅为（数据）。
· （C）的数据从（年份）的（数据）到（年份）的（数据）经历了急剧的/平稳的/逐渐的增长/下降。
· 与（D）相比，（E）的数量保持相对稳定。
Paragraph 3: 分析评论段 - 阐述原因/影响
The trends revealed by the chart can be attributed to several factors.
Firstly, [原因一]. For instance, [举例说明].
Moreover, [原因二]. With the development of... [结合社会背景].
These changes are significant because they indicate that... [简述影响或意义].
· 【译文】：图表揭示的趋势可归因于几个因素。
首先，【原因一】。例如，【举例说明】。
此外，【原因二】。随着……的发展，【结合社会背景】。
这些变化是重要的，因为它们表明……【简述影响或意义】。
Paragraph 4: 结论段 - 总结预测
In conclusion, the [chart] clearly demonstrates that [重申核心趋势].
This trend is likely to continue in the foreseeable future, and it is crucial for us to [提出建议或展望].
· 【译文】：总之，该图表清楚地表明【重申核心趋势】。这一趋势在可预见的未来很可能会持续，我们
有必要【提出建议或展望】。
模板二：万能模板
As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table /picture，____ has been on rise/
decrease， significantly/dramatically rising/ decreasing from ____ in _____ to _____ in _____. From the
sharp rise/decline in the chart， it goes without saying that _____.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for _____.
In one hand， ____.In the other hand_____ is due to the fact
that ______. In addition，______ is responsible for _____. Maybe
there are some other reasons to show ______.But it is generally
believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned，I hold the point of view that ______.
I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
第三部分：核心素材与高分句型库
1. 开篇概述句（替换使用）
· The bar chart illustrates the changes in... (柱状图展示了……的变化。)
· As is shown in the line graph, ... (正如折线图所示，……)
· According to the data presented in the pie chart, ... (根据饼状图提供的数据，……)
2. 描述趋势与变化
类别 动词 (Verb) 名词 (Noun) 副词 (Adverb)
急剧上升 surge, soar, rocket, jump a surge, a sharp rise sharply, dramatically, rapidly
稳步上升 increase, rise, grow an increase, a growth steadily, gradually, constantly
保持平稳 remain stable/constant, stabilize stability -
波动 fluctuate a fluctuation -
缓慢下降 decrease, decline, drop, fall a decrease, a decline gradually, slowly, slightly
急剧下降 plunge, plummet, slump a sharp drop, a plunge dramatically, sharply
句型：
· There was a dramatic increase in the number of...
· The percentage of... remained stable at...
· The data shows a fluctuation between... and...
3. 表示比例与占比
· account for 20% (占20%)
· make up the largest share (占据最大份额)
· occupy a dominant position (占据主导地位)
· ...is divided into... parts, with A being the largest at... (……被分为……部分，其中A 最大，占……)
4. 表示对比
· In contrast, ... (相比之下)
· On the contrary, ... (正相反)
· ...while/whereas... (……而……)
5. 分析原因（万能角度）
· 经济因素 (Economic factors): With the rapid development of economy, people's living standards have
been greatly improved. (随着经济的快速发展，人们的生活水平大大提高。)
· 技术因素 (Technological factors): The advancement in technology has made it easier and cheaper to...
(技术进步使得……变得更简单、更便宜。)
· 社会意识 (Social awareness): There is a growing awareness among the public of the importance of...
(公众对……重要性的意识日益增强。)
· 政策支持 (Policy support): The government has implemented a series of policies to encourage... (政府
实施了一系列政策来鼓励……)
6. 结论与预测
· In a word, ... (总而言之)
· To sum up, the overall trend is that... (总的来说，总体趋势是……)
· Based on the data, we can predict that this trend will continue. (基于数据，我们可以预测这一趋势将
持续下去。)
· If this trend continues, it may lead to... (如果这一趋势持续，可能会导致……)
第四部分：写作流程与高分技巧
1. 审题“三步走”
· Step 1: 看清图表类型和主题（标题很重要！）。
· Step 2: 确定横纵坐标、单位、图例，理解数据含义。
· Step 3: 找出最大值、最小值、转折点、总体趋势。
2. 写作“四忌”
· 忌罗列数据：不要把所有数据都写出来，只选有代表性的。
· 忌主观臆断：描述段只描述，不分析原因。
· 忌时态错误：过去时间用过去时，现在或无明确时间用现在时。
· 忌没有亮点：适当使用高级词汇和复杂句型。
3. 高分秘诀
· 词汇多样性：避免重复使用 increase 和 decrease，多用同义词。
· 句式多样性：简单句、并列句、从句（定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句）交替使用。
· 逻辑清晰：合理使用连接词，如 however, furthermore, in addition 等。
温馨提示：
1. 模板内化：将四段式结构变成自己的思维习惯。
2. 素材活用：疯狂背诵第三部分的句型和词汇，考时信手拈来。
3. 勤于练习：找历年真题或模拟题图表，练习审题和写作。
【2025 年天津首考】假如你是晨光中学的李津，5 月18 日为国际博物馆日，学校英语俱乐部正在举办主
题为The Power Of Mmseums 的征文活动，根据你搜集的以下图表信息，写一篇稿件。
内容包括:
(1)简单分析图表展示的现象;
(2)简要分析该现象产生处原因(展览丰富，多样性强，丰富生活和学习);
(3)鼓励大家走进图书馆。
答案：
The chart reveals a significant surge in museum visits over the past decade, with attendance doubling
from 720 million in 2014 to 1.4 billion in 2024. This remarkable growth reflects museums’ evolving
role as indispensable cultural and educational hubs in modern society.
图表数据显示，近十年来我国博物馆参观量呈跨越式增长态势，2014 至2024 年间参观人次从7.2 亿攀升
至14 亿，实现规模翻番。这一现象生动印证了博物馆正从传统文化场馆向现代社会中不可或缺的全民文
化教育枢纽转型。
Several factors contribute to this phenomenon. Firstly, museums have transformed into dynamic spaces
offering diverse exhibitions that cater to all interests. From ancient artifacts to cutting-edge technology
displays, they bridge historical narratives with contemporary creativity, appealing to both scholars and
casual visitors . Secondly, interactive experiences such as virtual reality tours, workshops, and multimedia
installations have enhanced engagement, making learning immersive and enjoyable. For instance,
holographic exhibits in Tianjin Science Museum allow visitors to "step into" historical scenes, sparking
curiosity . Lastly, museums increasingly serve as community centers. Family-friendly activities, lecture
series, and themed events foster social interaction while promoting lifelong learning.
这一趋势的形成源于多重因素。首先，博物馆已转型为多元化动态空间，提供涵盖各类兴趣的展览——
从古代文物到前沿科技展示，将历史叙事与现代创意相融合，同时吸引学者与普通观众。其次，虚拟现
实导览、互动工作坊和多媒体装置等沉浸式体验显著提升了参与度，使学习过程兼具趣味性与教育性。
例如，天津科技馆的全息展品让参观者得以"走进"历史场景，有效激发探索兴趣。最后，博物馆日益发挥
社区中心功能，通过家庭活动、系列讲座和主题项目促进社交互动，同时推动终身学习。
Given their profound impact, I urge everyone to explore museums. They are not mere repositories of the
past but gateways to inspiration, critical thinking, and cultural appreciation. By stepping into these
spaces, we enrich our horizons and contribute to sustaining humanity’s shared heritage. Let museums
empower your journey of discovery!
鉴于博物馆的深远影响力，我诚挚呼吁各位走进博物馆。它们不仅是保存历史的宝库，更是激发灵感、
培育批判性思维、深化文化认知的桥梁。当我们踏入这些文化空间，既是在拓展认知边界，亦是在守护
人类文明共同遗产。让博物馆为每位探索者的求知之旅注入力量！
（泉州市2024 届高中毕业班质量检测二）你校英文报正在开展以 Students’ Time Spent on Physical
Exercise Weekly 题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.描述调查结果；2.
分析其原因并给出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80 左右；2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
答案：
Dear fellow students,
Recently, our school English club conducted a survey among senior high school students about
the duration of weekly physical exercise. According to the chart, 18% of the students spend less than 2
hours on physical exercise per week, 40% exercise for 2 - 4 hours, 28% for 4 - 5 hours, and 14% for
more than 5 hours.
It's encouraging that nearly 82% of students exercise for at least 2 hours a week, which shows
that most of us understand the significance of physical activity. However, the 18% of students with less
than 2 - hour exercise time per week is a concern. This might be because of the heavy study load or
insufficient awareness of the benefits of exercise.
To address this, we students should make a conscious effort.We can start our day with a brisk
walk or do some stretching exercises during breaks. As for the school, more sports activities like campus
marathons or basketball tournaments could be organized to boost our enthusiasm for sports. Let's all take
action to keep fit and lead a more active life.
Thank you！
2024 深圳二模：假定你是李华，你班在校英语戏剧节中获得一等奖，外教James 打算为此庆祝，并委托
你调查同学们喜欢的方式。请你根据调查结果，给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1、表达感谢;
2、提出个人建议；
3、说明理由。
答案：
Dear James,
I hope this email finds you well. I'm writing to express our class's gratitude for your thoughtful
plan to celebrate our first prize at the school's English Drama Festival. We truly appreciate your
enthusiasm and support!
I've conducted a survey on how my classmates would prefer to celebrate. The results are quite
revealing: 88% would enjoy an outing on the weekend, 59% are interested in watching English movies,
and 32% suggested sharing food and drinks.
Given these preferences, I recommend organizing a weekend outing. This option not only received
the highest interest but would also allow us to enjoy the outdoors and engage in various activities
together, making us more united. It's a perfect way to relax, have fun, and bond further outside of
school.
Thank you again for your encouragement and support. Hoping that my suggestions will be taken
on board.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
