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专题22语法填空(全国通用)(教师版)_高考一二三轮复习_英语_2026年-英语高考专项复习_十年(2016-2025)高考英语真题分类汇编(全国通用)-G15

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专题22 语法填空
考点
十年考情(2015-2024)
命题趋势
考点1 说明文
(10 年几考)
核心考点分布
1. 动词时态与语态(约 25%)
- 2025 新课标 Ⅰ 卷:一般现在时(walks)、被动语
态(is designed)
- 2024 全国甲卷:现在完成时(has started)、过去分
词作定语(designed)
- 2023 新高考 Ⅰ 卷:过去时(was)、现在分词作状
语(Having visited)
2. 非谓语动词(约 20%)
- 2025 北京卷:不定式作目的状语(to rest)、现在分
词作定语(waiting)
- 2024 浙江 1 月卷:过去分词作定语(designed)、
不定式作宾语(to benefit)
- 2022 全国乙卷:现在分词作结果状语(resulting)、
不定式作宾补(to have)
3. 词性转换(约 18%)
- 2025 新课标 Ⅱ 卷:名词变形容词(functional)、
动词变名词(achievement)
- 2023 全国甲卷:形容词变名词(development)、动
词变形容词(surprising)
- 2021 新高考 Ⅰ 卷:名词变副词(undoubtedly)、
形容词变名词(independence)
4. 冠词与介词(约 15%)
- 2024 新课标 Ⅰ 卷:定冠词(the first time)、介词
(as a great achievement)
- 2023 浙江 1 月卷:不定冠词(a touch of)、介词
(by hand)
- 2020 新课标 Ⅰ 卷:介词(on the far side)、定冠词
(the moon)
5. 代词与连词(约 12%)
- 2025 北京卷:反身代词(oneself)、并列连词
(and)
- 2024 全国甲卷:物主代词(its)、转折连词(but)
- 2022 新高考 Ⅱ 卷:关系代词(which)、条件连词
1. 考点覆盖稳定,侧重基
础语法:动词时态、非谓
语动词、词性转换仍是核
心,占比超 60%,强调在
语境中灵活运用语法规
则,而非机械记忆。
2. 语境化与实用性增强:
题目紧密结合生活场景
(如环保、文化、科
技),要求考生通过上下
文判断语法形式。例如 
2025 年真题涉及 “温室
设计”“健康生活” 等话
题,语法填空需贴合语境
逻辑。
3. 长难句复杂度提升:复
合句(定语从句、非谓语
动词短语)占比增加,如 
2024 年真题中出现 “介
词 + 关系代词 + 不定
式” 结构,考查对复杂句
式的拆解能力。
4. 一词多考点融合:同一
动词可能同时考查时态、
语态和非谓语形式,如 
2023 年真题中 “develop” 
既考动词时态(has 
developed),又考名词转
换(development)。
5. 文化与时代话题渗透:
结合中外文化(如 2024 
考点2 记叙文
(10 年几考)
(if)
6. 定语从句与名词性从句(约 10%)
- 2025 新课标 Ⅰ 卷:定语从句(which/that)
年 “汤显祖与莎士比
亚”)、社会热点(环
保、科技),要求考生理
解跨文化语境中的语法运
考点01 说明文
2025 年
Text 1
【2025 全国一卷】An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, 
or weiqi in Chinese,     56     originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 
Go is one of     57     earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and 
white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the 
exhibition. 
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We 
hope     58     (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with 
minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and 
force them to follow your ‘    59     (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors 
to the exhibition. 
“The players’ personalities     60     (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the 
opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always     61     (try) to beat the opponent     62     no more than 
one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the     63     (strategy) 
placement of the pieces,     64     the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, 
sculptures,     65     (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【答案】
56.which    57.the    58.to present    59.guidance    60.are revealed    61.tries    62.by 
 
63.strategic/strategical    64.and    65.digitally
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。
56.56.
考查定语从句。句意:上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览,展出的艺术品灵感
来自围棋(中文称为“围棋”),它起源4000 多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词
为Go, or weiqi in Chinese,指物,且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which 引导。故
填which。
57.考查冠词。句意:围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意:我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能,并与极简
主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope,此处为非谓语动词,hope to do sth.“希望做
某事”,所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式,作宾语。故填to present。
59.考查名词。句意:你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱,迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作
follow 的宾语,用名词guidance“引导”,不可数名词。故填guidance。
60.考查动词语态。句意:她补充说:“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来,一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”
本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语The players’ personalities 与动词reveal“揭示,显示”为被
动关系,所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态,主语为复数,be 动词用are。故填are revealed。
61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手,以表示对对方
的尊重。根据always 可知,本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语a decent winner 为第三人称单数,
所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。
62.考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以(某一差值)”,此处指“以一到两分的优势”,
符合语境。故填by。
63.考查形容词。句意:屠宁宁说,黑白棋子之间的平衡,棋子在策略布局上的美感,以及每一步棋所蕴
含的能量流动,都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词
placement,需用形容词strategic 或者strategical“战略性的,策略的”,作定语。故填strategic/strategical。
64.64. 考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic 
placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move 三者为并列关系,作并列主语,所以空处需用连
词and。故填and。
65.考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated,需用副词digitally“数字地”,作状语。故填
digitally。
Text 2
【2025 浙江1 月卷】The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of 
56     new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more 
clothes fewer     57     (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. 
“I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look 
past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead     58     the fact that they have something unique 
to wear     59     are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.”
Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women     60     (rent) rather than purchase them outright, 
providing a less expensive     61     (solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept     62     (be) 
certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. 
This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies.
Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing,     63     she plans to 
package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term 
rental period. “I really want to make this work for     64     (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t 
always mean      65      (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
【答案】
56.a    57.times    58.on    59.and    60.to rent    61.solution    62.is    63.which    
64.people’s    65.returning
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了服装租赁服务在澳大利亚兴起的现象。
56.考查冠词。句意:时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式,这种方式也开始在澳大利
亚流行起来。可数名词way 在句中表示“一种方式”,泛指,且new 发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词
a 修饰。故填a。
57.考查名词。句意:由于人们现在选择少穿的衣服更多了,服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。time 表示“次
数”时是可数名词,fewer 修饰可数名词复数形式。故填times。
58.考查介词。句意:如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实,而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿,并
且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当,也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。focus on 是固定短语,意为“关注,聚焦
于”。故填on。
59.考查连词。句意:如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实,而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿,并
且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当,也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。“have something unique to wear”和“are 
not overstuffing their own wardrobes...”是并列关系,have 和are 是谓语动词,应用连词and 连接。故填and。
60.考查非谓语动词。句意:坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁,而不是让她们直接购买,为一次性活
动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women   (rent)”作后置定语,修饰名词词组fashion clothes,
意为“女性租赁的衣服”,用不定式to rent 作后置定语,主动表被动。故填to rent。
61.考查名词。句意:坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁,而不是让她们直接购买,为一次性活动着装
提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。提示词作宾语,用名词solution,意为“解决方案”,有冠词a 修饰,用单
数形式。故填solution。
62.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这个概念当然并不新鲜——几十年来,男性一直在租赁优质西装——但
对于女性购物者来说,它才刚刚兴起。系动词be 作谓语,句子陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语
The concept 是单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。
63.考查定语从句。句意:坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装,而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服,她计划将这些服装
打包成胶囊衣橱,提供给旅行者,比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人,并提供更长期的租赁服务。“____ 
she plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词less formal clothing,指物,关
系词将其代入从句中作宾语,应用关系代词which 引导从句。故填which。
64.考查名词所有格。句意:我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活,我知道这并不总是意
味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。提示词修饰名词lives,需用名词所有格people’s,作定语。故
填people’s。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意:我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活,我知道这并不总是意
味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。根据句意,表示“意味着……”,用固定搭配mean doing 
sth.,意为“意味着做某事”,用动名词作宾语。故填returning。
Text 4
B
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
【2025 北京卷】When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated 
whether to get up or stay in bed slightly ____14____ (long). Making choices is part of life. By the time you 
brushed your teeth, you ____15____ (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, 
while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ____16____ (achieve) through a thorough 
understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.
【答案】14. longer    15. had made    16. are achieved
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了做选择是生活的一部分及如何做出更好的选择。
【14 题详解】
考查比较级。句意:也许今天早上你还在纠结是起床还是多睡一会儿。此处表示“多睡一会儿”,应用比
较级longer,表示“更久”。故填longer。
【15 题详解】
考查时态。句意:当你刷牙的时候,你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the 
time you brushed your teeth”可知,此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作,时态应用过去完成时,
谓语用had made。故填had made。
【16 题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:通常,通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略,可以取得更好的结果。根
据时间状语“Usually”可知,此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作,时态应用一般现在时;主语better 
outcomes 和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语better outcomes 是复
数,be 动词应用are。故填are achieved。
C
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
【2025 北京卷】When ____17____ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according 
to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists ____18____ (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 
____19____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take 
simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us 
travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come ____20____ the planet’s expense.
【答案】17. traveling    18. left    19. which    20. at
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出旅行时人们会接触不同文化和经历,但据世界野生动物基金会报告,
去年游客产生大量食物垃圾,对全球气体排放有影响。为减少影响,人们可采取如出发前清空冰箱、选择
可持续餐饮等简单措施,强调探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。
【17 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:旅行时,我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间
是主动关系,用现在分词,构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。
【18 题详解】
考查时态。句意:然而,根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告,去年游客产生了超过13 亿吨的食物垃圾,
这约占2024 年全球气体排放总量的8%。根据“last year”可知,描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,
“leave”的过去式是“left”。故填left。
【19 题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意:然而,根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告,去年游客留下了超过13 亿
吨的食物垃圾,约占2024 年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句,先行词是“1.3 billion 
tons of food waste”,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,用which 引导。故填which。
【20 题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意:毕竟,探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。at one’s expense“以…… 为代价”是固定
搭配。故填at。
2024 年
Text 1
【2024 新课标Ⅰ卷】Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s 
Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how 
the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) 
structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). 
These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the 
structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey 
influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ 
first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 
The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path 
offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the 
southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing ( 追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ 
brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of 
gardening in England.
【答案】56. engineering    57. functional    58. to give    59. closed    60. walks 
61 the    62. favorites    63. as    64. which##that    65. richness
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick 工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国
家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路
的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
【56 题详解】
考查名词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知,空处考查短
语engineering techniques,意为“工程技术”,符合句意。故填engineering。
【57 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure,
应用形容词作定语functional,符合题意。故填functional。
【58 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:温室在温暖
日子里开放,利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to 
do sth.为固定搭配,表示“使用某物去做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to 
give。
【59 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:然后在寒冷的天气里,这个结构保持关闭,以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays 之后
作表语,应用形容词closed,表示“紧闭的”,符合题意。故填closed。
【60 题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。
walk sb. through,意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为一般现
在时,主语the Silk Route Garden 为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
【61 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配:for 
the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。
【62 题详解】
考查名词的数。句意:这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite 是可数名词,意
为“特别受喜爱的东西”,根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel 可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。
故填favorites。
【63 题详解】
考查介词。句意:Mark Woodruff 补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带
西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,
定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知,空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。故填as。
【64 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:Mark Woodruff 补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚
热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到
英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词design,先行词指物,关
系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which 或that 引导从句。故填which/that。
【65 题详解】
考查名词。句意:Mark Woodruff 补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带
西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,
定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory 并列,应用名词形式richness,作介词of 的宾语。故填
richness。
Text 2
【2024 新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known 
as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s 
hometown. 
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there 
are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare 
Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I 
happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and 
Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two 
years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs 
Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding 
that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the 
two great writers. 
___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and 
meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson 
said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
【答案】36. who    
37. themes    38. were    
39. to    40. inspired    
41. was built    
42. visibility    
43. to find    
44. Recalling    
45. and
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和
共同点,并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德,且说明了这种联系对于提
高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。
【36 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖,中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——
埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为“Tang Xianzu”,在非
限制性定语从句中担当主语,表示人,用关系代词who 引导。故填who。
【37 题详解】
考查名词的数。句意:莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson 说,尽管他们从未见过面,但
他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型,为倒装句,根据谓语动词“are”可判断,本句主语
为名词的复数形式。故填themes。
【38 题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧
《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词,根据句意以及定语从句时态
可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“some of the things”,复数。故填were。
【39 题详解】
考查固定短语。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹
亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语:be similar to,意为“和……相似”,符合句意。
故填to。
【40 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟
步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语,被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词
“inspire”之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填inspired。
【41 题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟
步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“Two years later”可知,本句时
态为一般过去时;主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”,单数,和动词“build”之间为被动关系,所以用被动
语态。故填was built。
【42 题详解】
考查名词。句意:Edmondson 说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游客们穿
过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international 后接名词形式,visibility“知
名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。
【43 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:Edmondson 说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游
客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原
因状语,用动词不定式形式。故填to find。
【44 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特
拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson 说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何
被表演的,非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语,主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系,
用现在分词形式担当状语;出现在句首,首字母大写。故填Recalling。
【45 题详解】
考查连词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特拉特福
德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson 说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演
的,非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为
并列结构,用and 连接。故填and。
Text 3
【2024 全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, 
tend ____41____(catch)our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____42____(treasure)
of American heritage(遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-
September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern 
Wyoming. They ____44____(be)part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome 
weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 
What should ____45____ (do )with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 
____46____(it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____all people of the 
nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed(承诺)to promote the idea at the ____48____
(complete)of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became 
a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 
____49____ (large )United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern 
Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 
million acres.
【答案】41. to catch    
42. treasures    
43. what    44. were    
45. be done    
46. its    47. for    
48. completion    
49. largest    
50. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来,即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区,
决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏并为此做出了许多努力。
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园,但特别是国家公园,由于其规模大、
种类多,往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配:tend to do sth.,表示“倾向于做某事”,不定式作宾语,故
填to catch。
【42 题详解】
考查名词。句意:它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure 表示“宝藏”,为可数名词,结合前文they are,应用
复数形式,故填treasures。
【43 题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意:1870 年9 月中旬,在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚,四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放
松,这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in 的宾语,is 前缺主语,指物,主语用what 引导宾语从
句,作介词in 的宾语,故填what。
【44 题详解】
考查时态。句意:他们是一个由15 人组成的探险队的一部分,他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的
自然美景。本空前They 指代上文提及的四个男人,时间为1870 年,同时联系后文had spent 的过去完成时
可知,本空时态为过去式且为复数形式,故填were。
【45 题详解】
考查被动语态。句意:对于这样一个美丽的地方,我们应该做些什么呢?主语what 指物,与谓语动词do
是被动关系,情态动词should 后接be done 构成被动语态,故填be done。
【46 题详解】
考查代词。句意:这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景,必须作为国家公园保护好,为了所有国家
的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty 用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。
【47 题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。介词for 表目的,表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。
【48 题详解】
考查名词。句意:他们都同意了,并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词,本空应填名词作
宾语,complete 名词形式为completion,不可数,故填completion。
【49 题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意:黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园,占地220 万英亩,直到1978 年成为国家纪念
碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980 年以1230 万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本
空前有the,为形容词最高级标志词,结合下文“1978 年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊
莱亚斯在1980 年以1230 万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知,用large 的最高级largest 作定语,故填
largest。
【50 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias,从句中作主语,指
物,引导非限制性定语从句用which,故填which。
Text 4
【2024 北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ 
(rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to 
reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us 
the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our 
personal and professional life.
【答案】11. to rest    
12. self-awareness    
13. gives    14. boundaries
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慢下来对个人成长的重要意义。
【11 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固
定搭配,表示“花时间做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。
【12 题详解】
考查名词。句意:花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。空处作介词of 的宾语,应用名词
self-awareness,sense of self-awareness 表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。
【13 题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:当我们放慢脚步时,我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪,这有助于我
们确定生活中的重要领域,并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which 引导的非限制性定语从句中,根据helps
可知,从句使用一般现在时,which 指代前边的整个句子,所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives,
gives 与helps 并列,作并列谓语。故填gives。
【14 题详解】
考场名词的数。句意:为了实践这一点,我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary 是
可数名词,表示“界限”,根据空后in our personal and professional life 可知,此处表示不止一个界限,名
词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。
Text 5
【2024 北京卷】On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And 
when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ 
doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat 
too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said.
【答案】15. was named    
16. asked    17. who
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最长寿的人John Tinniswood 及其长寿秘诀。
【15 题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:2024 年4 月5 日,约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根
据时间状语On April 5, 2024 可知,此处描述过去发生的事,句子应用一般过去时;name 与主语John 
Tinniswood 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,主语John Tinniswood 是单数,be 动词使用was。故填was 
named。
【16 题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问及他的新头衔时,他分享了秘诀:适度。结合语意,when 引导的时间
状语从句中,主语为he,且ask 与he 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态be asked,状语从句中,从句主语与
主句主语一致,且从句中含有be 动词形式,则从句中的“主语+be 动词”可以省略。故填asked。
【17 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:Tinniswood 不吸烟,也很少喝酒,他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。
空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Tinniswood,先行词指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代
词who 引导从句。故填who。
Text 6
【2024 浙江1 月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. 
However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make 
sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____37____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while 
it’s still fresh. 
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most 
money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. But that 
leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ____40____ 
(criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a 
few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller 
packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some 
supermarkets ____42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____ (design) with two halves 
containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____44____ other stays fresh. 
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ____45____ (one) may yet come out with a whole 
range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
【答案】36. to benefit    
37. or    38. that##which    
39. what    40. criticism    
41. be offered    
42. have started    
43. designed    
44. the    45. ones
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。
【36 题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意:然而,如果你是想买一件,那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据
“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知,此处是指多买一件来享受降价,所以应用to do 不定式作
目的状语。故填to benefit。
【37 题详解】
考查固定句式。句意:要么你买的东西太重,搬不回家,要么你买的东西还新鲜,就不能用了。
either...or...意为“要么……要么……”,为固定句式,所以此处应用连词or。故填or。
【38 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:当然,商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少
主语,且先行词为way,所以应用关系代词that 或which。故填that/which。
【39 题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意:如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买,那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾
语,且是指事物,所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
【40 题详解】
考查名词。句意:许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动,因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据
“that they lead to waste”可知,此处应用名词criticism 表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。
【41 题详解】
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意:然而,虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事,但如果有时能以小包
装出售,那就更好了。动词offer 意为“提供”,和主语构成被动关系,主语they 代指前文中的sausages。
在情态动词could 后动词应用原形。故填be offered。
【42 题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆分成两份。
根据“Over the last two years”可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词start 意为“开始”。故填have started。
【43 题详解】
考查过去分词。句意:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆分成两份。
动词design 意为“设计”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语packs 构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以
应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。
【44 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:然后,当你使用其中一部分时,另一部分保持新鲜。the other 意为“另一个”,为固定
搭配,所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
【45 题详解】
考查代词。句意:谁知道呢,也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸,并提供
特别优惠。代词one 意为“一个人”,在some of 后应用复数形式。故填ones。
2023 年语法填空
Test 1
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate 
dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite 
Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 
____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the 
whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ 
(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town 
of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less 
soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao 
have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or 
spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and 
the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always 
left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
【答案】36. tasty    37. to bite    38. or    39. recognized    40. by    41. to be lifted 
42. their    43. a    44. rarely    45. wanting
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包,讲述了小笼包美味,发源地以及
制作方法等等。
【36 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜
欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤),故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语,故填tasty。
【37 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放
进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put 并列
作宾语,故填to bite。
【38 题详解】
考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,
让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”,固定搭配,根据句意,故填or。
【39 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,邻近的运河小镇南翔
才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home 前面作定语,recognize 与home 是逻辑上动宾关系,需填过去分词
recognized 作定语,recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
【40 题详解】
考查介词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包,更少的汤,包子皮是用手压的,
而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配,根据句意,故填by。
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会
撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾
语补足语,补足语lift out 与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式
to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
【42 题详解】
考查代词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕
裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
【43 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点甜味,汤应该是热的,清澈的,美味的。a touch of “一点点;
稍许”,常用搭配,touch“轻微;稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
【44 题详解】
考查副词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再买。
修饰形容词用副词作状语,rarely“少有”,故填rarely。
【45 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次
再买。分析句子可知,此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”,本句是被动语态,want 是主语补足语,根据句
意,I 与want 之间是主动的逻辑关系,用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
Test 2
【2023 年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to 
museums, narrow hutong ____41____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even 
down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____42____ (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of 
modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings 
of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ____45____ somehow these two very different 
worlds make a good combination. ____46____ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I ____47____ (amaze) 
by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly 
growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___48___  (record) everything I discovered.
The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while 
stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I 
could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【答案】41. to    42. built    43. which##that    44. wonders    45. but    46. Having visited 
47. was amazed    48. recording    49. remarkable    50. means
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合,
同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师,记录了这座城市的变化,
并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。
【41 题详解】
考查介词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿,它拥有3000 多年的辉煌历史,甚至
从它的布局来看,这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to 
museums”可知,空处和上文保持一致,表示“从……到……”,用介词to。故填to。
【42 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿,它是3000 多年辉煌历史的家园,
即使是在它的布局上,这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语,表示
“精心建造的……”,和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填built。
【43 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21 世纪的建筑
奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中担当主语,
所以用关系代词which 或that 引导。故填which/that。
【44 题详解】
考查名词。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21 世纪的建筑奇迹
与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式;根据下文的“historical buildings of the 
past”可知,空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。
【45 题详解】
考查连词。句意:但不知何故,这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual 
contrast ( 反差) that shouldn’t work,” 和空后“ somehow these two very different worlds make a good 
combination.”之间存在转折关系,用but。故填but。
【46 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去的10 年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城
市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语,和主句主语“I”之间为
主动关系;根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知,用完成时态,由此推断,空处用现在分词的完成
时态。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Having visited。
【47 题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10 年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城
市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“how a city was able 
to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I 和动词amaze
之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
【48 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名摄影师,我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.
花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语,用动名词形式。故填recording。
【49 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:这个城市的显著发展,是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界,这意味着这里总
是有新的东西可以发现,我可以在接下来的50 年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词修
饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
【50 题详解】
考查时态。句意:这座城市的显著发展,在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界,意味着这里总是有新
的东西等待发现,我可以在接下来的50 年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词,根据上下文可知,本
句时态为一般现在时;主语为“development”,单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
Test 3
【2023 年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to 
pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables 
date to the ___42___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel 
Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at 
children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence 
with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 
Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___46___ (intend) for everyone.
___47___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She 
warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___48___ 
saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is 
a more weighty ___49___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that 
has been passed down through the ages can still ____50____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【答案】41. to teach    42. sixth    43. as     44. where    45. borrowing     46. intended 
47. Different     48. for    49. warning     50. be employed
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知,此处表达
“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
【42 题详解】
考查数词。句意:寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分,而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6 世纪。
century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
【43 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:然而,正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说,寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
引导非限定性定语从句,且有“正如”之意,用关系代词as 引导。故填as。
【44 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起
享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为
town,在非限定性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
【45 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一
起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语
动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable 与borrow 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故
填borrowing。
【46 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,在简洁的风格背后,是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for 打
算为……所用,在句中作定语,所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
【47 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:与传统寓言不同,卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from 与……
不同,所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
【48 题详解】
考查介词。句意:她警告社会面临的环境危险,并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility 
for 对……负责。故填for。
【49 题详解】
考查名词。句意:然而,卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty 后接名词形式。根据句
中不定冠词a 可知,用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。
【50 题详解】
考查语态。句意:卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式,已经代代相传,今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真
理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form 与employ 之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态动词can 后接动
词原形。故填be employed。
Test 4
【2023 年北京卷】Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by 
their complex roots. When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ____15____(city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they 
are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with 
mangroves.
【答案】14. seen    15. cities    16. has established
【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。红树林,生长在陆地和海洋之间,有助于软化海浪,保护城市免受沿海
风的侵袭,到目前为止,中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。
【14 题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意:从远处看,红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when 引导的状语从句的省略,
当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时,且从句含有be 动词,从句可以省略主语和be 动词。在从句中,主
语为the mangrove forests,和动词see 是被动关系,从句应用一般现在时的被动语态,完整形式为when 
they are seen from afar,省略主语和be 动词,故填seen。
【15 题详解】
考查名词复数。句意:红树林有助于软化海浪,保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city 作宾语,
为可数名词,应用复数形式表泛指,故填cities。
【16 题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)
可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语是China,助动词应用has,故填has established。
Test 5
【2023 年北京卷】Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call 
attention ____17____ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 
____18____ thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles 
of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged 
others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
【答案】17. to    18. where    19. to address   20. facing
【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。尼娜在32 个国家跑过马拉松。她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的:
呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。最近,尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动,数千人在那里参加
了一个水会议。她呼吁采取行动,解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。她的努力鼓励其
他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。
【17 题详解】
考查介词。句意:她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的:呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注”短
语为call attention to。故填to。
【18 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:最近,尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动,数千人在那里参加了一个水
会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago,在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
【19 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:她呼吁采取行动,解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句
子结构可知address 在句中作目的状语,故用不定式。故填to address。
【20 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:她呼吁采取行动,解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句
子结构可知face 与逻辑主语people 构成主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语,故填facing。
Test 6
【2023 年浙江1 月卷】During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing     56 
 
arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”,     57     (original)meaning 
“water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City,     58     (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles 
by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes     59     (permit)to live closer to the center 
of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often     60 
 
(feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined 
by     61     (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. 
Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and     62     (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were 
narrower. 
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history     63 
capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic     64 
 
(event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, 
and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect      65      culture of grassroots Beijingers.
【答案】56.and    57.originally    58.surrounded    59.were permitted    60.featured    61.
spacious    62.simpler    63.as    64.events    65.the
【原文】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。
56.考查连词。句意:在中国的朝代时期,皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可
知,planned 和arranged 是并列的谓语动词,表示并列关系应用连词and 连接。故填and。
57.考查副词。句意:胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思,首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词
meaning 需要填副词形式。故填originally。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意:在明朝,紫禁城是中心,它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结
构,was 是谓语动词,空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语,主语the Forbidden City 和surround 之间是动
宾关系,需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
59.考查动词的被动语态。句意:高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知,
空格处在句中作谓语,和主语Citizens of higher social classes 构成被动关系,因为是对过去事实的陈述应用
一般过去时。故填were permitted。
60.考查动词时态。句意:这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院,通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横
梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知,空格处需要填谓语动词,再结合上下文时态可知,空格处应用一般
过去时。故填featured。
61.考查形容词。句意:他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形
容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
62.考查形容词比较级。句意:他们的四合院规模要小很多,并且在设计和装饰上更加简单,并且胡同也
更窄。根据句子结构和and 可知,空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller 构成并列结构作表语。故填
simpler。
63.考查介词。句意:感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至有一
些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知,空格处译为“作为”,as 是介词意为“作为”,符合句意。故填
as。
64.考查名词的数。句意:感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至
有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic 可知,空格处需要填名词,且event 为可数名词,
应用复数形式。故填events。
65.考查冠词。句意:与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比,胡同所反映出的是
草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture 后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers 可知,此处culture 表示特指概
念,应用定冠词the 修饰。故填the。
2022 年语法填空
Test 1
【2022 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda 
National Park(GPNP). ___36___ (cover)an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, 
the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant 
number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant 
pandas under one authority ___39___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___40___ (design)to 
reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, 
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___41___ leaving behind precious natural 
assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 
___42___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___43___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population 
in the wild. 
Giant pandas also serve ___44___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and 
animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection 
for all the species ___45___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the 
ecosystem in the area.
【答案】36. Covering     37. the     38. were     39. to increase    40. is designed 
41. and    42. populations    43. eventually    44.  as    45. that
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。
【36 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空
处在句中作非谓语,cover 和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP 为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,
首字母大写。故填Covering。
【37 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构
为:倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
【38 题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫
保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that 引导的限制性定语从句中
作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知
从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
【39 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护
区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语,做目的状语,应用
动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
【40 题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样
性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主
语The GPNP 之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,
主语单数,谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
【41 题详解】
考查连词。句意:GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓
冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系,应用and。故填and。
【42 题详解】
考查名词。句意:GPNP 的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊
猫数量水平。设空处和and 后的复数名词homes 并列在句中作宾语,应用可数名词population (种群)的复数
的形式。故填populations。
【43 题详解】
考查副词。句意:GPNP 的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊
猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve,设空处应用副词eventually 作状语,修饰动词achieve。故填
eventually。
【44 题详解】
考查介词。句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短
语:serve as (充当)。故填as。
【45 题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range 的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显
著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词等于关系词,设空处在从句
中作指物的主语,先行词为species,且先行词前为all 修饰,只能用关系代词that。故填that。
Test 2
【2022 年全国乙卷】May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 
___41___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___42___ festival, a number of events took 
place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a 
main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___44___ (large) tea-producing country, 
China has a ___45___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea 
industry. It can help to build a community with a ___46___ (share) future for mankind,” he said. 
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for 
people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___47___ cultural 
exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the 
initiative. 
 ___48___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional 
activities on social media, ___49___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-
six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ____50____ 
(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
【答案】41. by    42. the    43. addressed    44. largest   45. responsibility 
46. shared    47. and    48. To strengthen    49. inviting    50. its
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日,中国商会博物馆所举办
的一系列活动。
【41 题详解】
考查介词。句意:2019 年11 月27 日,联合国正式将5 月21 日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知,此处
表达“被联合国在5 月21 日命名”。表示被动,使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
【42 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了庆祝这一节日,周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指
International Tea Day 这一节日,所以用定冠词the。故填the。
【43 题详解】
考查时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填addressed。
【44 题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与
其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the 和常识可知,中国是最大产茶国,所以用形容词的
最高级形式。故填largest。
【45 题详解】
考查名词。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他国家
共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a 后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。
【46 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非
谓语动词share 和名词future 之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
【47 题详解】
考查连词。句意:仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来,促进国际合
作和文化交流。名词international cooperation 和cultural exchanges 为并列成分,作动词promote 的宾语。故
填and。
【48 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请
了来自世界各地的29 名茶叶专业人士进行36 小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与
年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
【49 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请
了来自世界各地的29 名茶叶专业人士进行36 小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词,逻辑主语the event
与invite 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
【50 题详解】
考查代词。句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真——普洱茶
专题展。名词exhibition 前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
Test 3
【2022 年北京卷】Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____14____ 
(support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 
____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. 
Gas naturally ____16____ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the 
alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
【答案】14. supported    15 whether    16. has
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因,是因为
人们对气味的偏好是习得的,这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。
14.【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意:被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知,
空格处的动词做非谓语,结合空格后的by experts 可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”,所以空格处应用
过去分词表被动。故填supported。
15.【解析】
考查宾语从句的引导词。句意:解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的:我们学习到的。分析句子
结构可知,空格前的determine 为及物动词,空格后是主+系+表的句子结构,所以空格处的词用来引导宾
语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not 可知,此处考查whether…or not 的搭配。故填whether。
16.【解析】
考查主谓一致。句意:气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语,本句话是在
陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时态,且主语gas 在本文中指的是气体的统称,为不可数名词,所以谓语动
词要用单三形式。故填has。
Test 4
【2022 年浙江卷6 月】To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But 
how can a painting ___36___ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell 
you not ___37___ (do). John Olson, a former ___38___ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully 
textured 3D models. 
The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ___39___ blind because we don’t see with just 
Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the 
visual cortex( 大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ___40___ (exist) 
senses, in a way similar to that of ___41___ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 
Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ___42___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of 
Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ___43___ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see 
when you look at it,” he said. 
For Luc, this means ___44___ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it ___45___ to form my 
opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。
36. be appreciated   【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意:但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢?
主语a painting 与谓语appreciate 为被动关系,且置于情态动词can 之后,所以本句为含有情态动词的被动
语态。 故填be appreciated。
37. to do【解析】考查不定式。句意:通过触摸,这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do 
sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。
38. photographer  【解析】考查名词。句意:约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师,他和他的团队将绘画转化为
全纹理3D 模型。单数名词做主语,根据句意表示“摄影师”,此处为单数概念,故填photographer。
39. the  【解析】考查冠词。句意:触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式,因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看;我
们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”,the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。
40. existing【解析】考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,
盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing 作定语,修饰sense。故填
existing。
41. sighted【解析】考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,
盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted 作定语修饰名词people,表
示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。
42. at   【解析】考查介词。句意:Luc Gandarias 今年13 岁,7 岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时,用介
词at。故填at。
43. noticed  【解析】考查时态。句意:当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D 版《蒙娜丽莎》时,他立刻
注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知,本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
44. independence【解析】考查名词。句意:对卢克来说,这意味着独立。不可数名词independence 作
mean 的宾语。 故填independence。
45. and【解析】考查连词。句意:能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意
可知,前后为并列关系,所以用and 来连接。故填and。
Test 5
【2022 年浙江卷1 月】Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a 
small but growing minority of academics 36 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 
Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane 37(view) as important for 
scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 38 (be) now questioning that idea 
pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 39
    ( change ) their personal behavior to 
do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example,   40
     
(rough ) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 41
     
 
 ( promise ) to fly as little as possible since the 
effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 42 she could do so 
remotely; about three-quarters of 43 time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the
44
     
 
 (invite ) . That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
  45    (continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ”,she says, "a really positive change."
【答案】36. who/that  37.is viewed/has been viewed  38.are   39. changing  40.roughly
41.have promised  42.whether/if  43.the   44. invitation  45.to continue
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践,目的是为了减少学术飞行以
应对气候 变化危机。
【36 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb 是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者
中 的一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics 后为定语从句且在从句中作主
语, 应使用关系代词替代,故填that/who。
【37 题详解】
考查被动语态。句意:对科学家而言,旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件 
事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认 
知,动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed 或has been viewed。
【38 题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但是现在Cobb 和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的
机 会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知,此处
也应 使用现在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。
【39 题详解】
考查时态。句意:但是现在Cobb 和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为
了 尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知,此处and 连接
并列 的动词 questioning 和 change,故填 changing«
【40 题详解】
考查副词。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200 个学者,
 他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly “粗略地大约”,故填roughly。
【41 题详解】
考查时态。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200 个学者, 
他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填
have promised o
【42 题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb 开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask 后面出 
现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if “是否”符合语境,故填whether 或if。
【43 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:大约有四分之三的时间,他们同意了。此处特指Cobb 询问的时间范围内,故填the。 
【44 题详解】
考查名词。句意:当答案是否定的时候,她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline 的宾语,故填 
invitation o
【45 题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan 后面跟动词不定式,plan to do sth “计划做”,
故 填 to continue o
Test 6
【2022 年浙江卷6 月】To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But 
how can a painting ___36___ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell 
you not ___37___ (do). John Olson, a former ___38___ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully 
textured 3D models. 
The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ___39___ blind because we don’t see with just 
Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the 
visual cortex( 大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ___40___ (exist) 
senses, in a way similar to that of ___41___ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 
Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ___42___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of 
Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ___43___ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see 
when you look at it,” he said. 
For Luc, this means ___44___ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it ___45___ to form my 
opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。
36. be appreciated   【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意:但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢?
主语a painting 与谓语appreciate 为被动关系,且置于情态动词can 之后,所以本句为含有情态动词的被动
语态。 故填be appreciated。
37. to do【解析】考查不定式。句意:通过触摸,这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do 
sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。
38. photographer  【解析】考查名词。句意:约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师,他和他的团队将绘画转化为全
纹理3D 模型。单数名词做主语,根据句意表示“摄影师”,此处为单数概念,故填photographer。
39. the  【解析】考查冠词。句意:触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式,因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看;我
们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”,the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。
40. existing【解析】考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲
人用他们现有的感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing 作定语,修饰sense。故填
existing。
41. sighted【解析】考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲
人用他们现有的感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted 作定语修饰名词people,表示
“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。
42. at   【解析】考查介词。句意:Luc Gandarias 今年13 岁,7 岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时,用介
词at。故填at。
43. noticed  【解析】考查时态。句意:当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D 版《蒙娜丽莎》时,他立刻注
意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知,本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
44. independence【解析】考查名词。句意:对卢克来说,这意味着独立。不可数名词independence 作mean
的宾语。 故填independence。
45. and【解析】考查连词。句意:能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意
可知,前后为并列关系,所以用and 来连接。故填and。
2021 年语法填空
Test 1
【2021 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The 
Long and Winding Road”. ____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The 
rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 
____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing  about the spring is that the colder the 
temperature gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us 
____60____(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____61____ (be) for 
the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, 
still it highlights the whole adventure ____62____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____63____ 
(ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s 
memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit!
【答案】56. What    57. humans    58. undoubtedly    59. hotter    60. astonished 
61. was    62. and    63. aching    64. mine    65. a
【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海,温泉以及台阶。
【56 题详解】
考查主语从句。句意:这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句,从句缺乏主语,应
用what 引导,指代“经历的事情”。故填What。
【57 题详解】
考查名词复数。句意:当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海,你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。
human 是we 的同位语,we 为复数,应用human 的复数形式。故填humans。
【58 题详解】
考查副词。句意:它无疑会帮助你恢复精神!修饰动词help,应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填
undoubtedly。
【59 题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意:关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是,气温越低,温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the 
+比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……,越……”。故填hotter。
【60 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”,补充
说明宾语us 的感受,应用-ed 结尾形容词。故填astonished。
【61 题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意:你不禁会想,对当时的人们来说,把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知,
“how hard it   61   (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder 的宾语,it 是从句的形
式主语,不定式为真正主语,谓语动词用单数形式,安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。
故填was。
【62 题详解】
考查连词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供了一
个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知,“highlights the whole adventure”与“offers a 
place”部分为并列关系,都是作it 的谓语,故用并列连词and。
【63 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供了
一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知,此处应用形容词aching“疼痛的”修饰
名词legs,意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。
【64 题详解】
考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记忆中。
对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知,本句为does 指代前一句
的stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine 指代my memory。故填mine。
【65 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must 作名词时,意为“绝对必要的
事物”,为可数名词,此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”,应用不定冠词,must 是以辅音音素开头的词,应
用a。故填a。
Test2
【2021 年全国乙卷】 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It 
is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - 
both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation 
and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas. 
Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely 
accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made 
it desirable. 
Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 
___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following 
principles:
·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place. 
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. 
·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples. 
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique 
biodiversity.___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim 
____70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】61. educated    62. development    63. its    64. until    65. the    66. of 
67. visiting    68. financial    69. Activities    70. to have
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于
与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上,生态旅游必须满
足一些规定。
【61 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化
特色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知,此处查固定搭配become 
educated about 表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
【62 题详解】
考查名词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特
色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the 可知,此处填入名词
development 来做动词benefits 的宾语。故填development。
【63 题详解】
考查代词。句意:生态旅游起源于20 世纪70 年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin 可知,此处形容词
性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。
【64 题详解】
考查固定句型。句意:直到20 世纪80 年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知,此处表示
“直到20 世纪80 年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”,表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型
“not……until……”。故填until。
【65 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分
析句子结构可知,空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“ growing popularity of environmental-related and 
adventure travel”可知,此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
【66 题详解】
考查介词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。
various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”,所以空格处应填of。故填of。
【67 题详解】
考查动名词。句意:最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of 可知,空格处应填动名词形
式来作介词of 的宾语。故填visiting。
【68 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid 可知,空格处应填形容词来
修饰名词aid,finance 的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。
【69 题详解】
考查名词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词
range 可知,空格处应填用可数名词activity 的复数形式作主语。故填Activities。
【70 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短
语aim to do 译为“旨在,目的是”。故填to have。
Test 3
【2021 年北京卷】Why do we dream?Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse____11____ 
(idea).Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 
____12____ happened during the day,trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it ____13____ 
(connect) things,your brain tums them into a story,and you get a dream.
【答案】11. ideas    
12. that    13. connects
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们为什么会做梦的原因。
【11 题详解】
考查可数名词的数。句意:科学家们还不能完全确定,他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的,多种多样的”,
形容词作定语,后接可数名词复数;idea 想法,可数名词。故填ideas。
【12 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:当你睡觉时,你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切,试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。
分析句子结构可知,空处需用连接词引导定语从句,先行词是不定代词everything,关系词在定语从句中
作主语,所以此处需用关系代词that 引导定语从句。故填that。
【13 题详解】
考查时态。句意:当它连接事物时,你的大脑将它们变成一个故事,然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语
动词tums 可知,空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数it,所以空处谓语动词需用
单数。故填connects。
Test 4
【2021 年北京卷】Sam is an in-real-life streamer(播主),and he live streams himself just going about his 
day.While riding his bike home ____14____ a cold night,he came across a sad-looking elderly woman 
wandering the streets by herself.The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ 
she lived.Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____(safe) wait for the 
police to take her home.
【答案】14. on    15. where    16. safely
【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了生活博主Sam 救助一个老妇人的故事。
【14 题详解】
考查介词。句意:在一个寒冷的夜晚,当他骑着自行车回家时,他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在
街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“(在具体的某一天的)早上、中午、晚上”等,须用介词on。故
填on。
【15 题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意:这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about 后是宾语从句,根据句意,
此处用where“在哪里;……的地方”符合句意,从句中作地点状语,故填where。
【16 题详解】
考查副词。句意:山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店,这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词
wait 用副词作状语,故填safely。
Test 5
【2021 年北京卷】There ____17____(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the 
past 20 years,____18____(cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United 
Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,____19____(result) in USD 
2,970 billion in economic loss.Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical 
need ____20____ (invest) in disaster prevention.
【答案】17. has been    18. caused    19. resulting    20. to invest
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20 年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很
大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的,引发重大自然灾害,造成了极大的经济损失,因此人们急需投资于灾
害预防。
【17 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20 年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很
大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years 可知,此处使用现在完成时,a 
dramatic rise 是单数感念,助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
【18 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events 与cause 是逻辑动宾关系,
应用过去分词,表被动。故填caused。
【19 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:2000 年至2019 年,全球共发生重大自然灾害7348 起,造成经济损失2.97 万亿美
元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world 与result 是逻辑主谓关系,且表示一种自然的结果,应用
现在分词,作结果状语。故填resulting。
【20 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:研究结果表明,急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知,此处表示未来的动作,应
用不定式,作后置定语。故填to invest。
Test 6
【2021 年浙江卷1 月】In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 
countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 36
  .
   that most of the rise is due to gains 
in BMI in rural areas. 
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 37
  .
   gives an indication of whether someone is a 
healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 38
  .
   (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a 
BMI of between 19 and 25 39
  .
   (consider) healthy. 
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 40
  .
   2. 1 in women and men. In 
cities, however, the gain 41
  .
   (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in 
the geography of BMI. Tn 1985,urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 42
  .
   (study) 
had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and 
rural people in many countries had narrowed 43
  .
  (sharp). 
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 44
  .
   (live) in the countryside, including 45
  .
   (low) 
levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标,主要是由于农村地区的体重指
数(BMI)增加了,并分析了其中的原因。
36.考查连词。句意:在一项对200 个国家33 年体重指数趋势的研究中,科学家们发现,世界各地的人们
体重越来越重,而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知,that people worldwide are 
getting heavier 和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found 引导的宾语从句,是并列
关系,故填and。
37.考查定语从句关系代词。句意:BMI 是一种国际公认的测量工具,它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。
分析句子结构可知,tool 是先行词,且在从句中做主语,故填that/which。
38.考查名词所有格。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI 在19 到25
之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,person 是修饰weight 的,用 person 的名词所有格person’s。故
填person’s。
39.考查动词被动语态。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI 在19 到
25 之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(a BMI)是单数,时态是一般现在时,
且主语和consider 是表被动关系,故填is considered。
40.考查介词。句意:研究发现,1985 年至2017 年间,农村女性和男性的平均BMI 增加了2.1。increase 
by 表示“增加了”;increase to 表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI 数值(18.5-23.9)可知,increase by
符合语境,故填by。
41.考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意:然而,在城市中,女性增加了1.3,男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构
可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(gain)是单数,时态是一般过去时,故填was。
42.考查非谓语动词。句意:1985 年,在被研究的国家中,超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs 高于
农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是had,所以study 用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语
是countries,表被动关系,故填studied。
43.考查副词。句意:但30 年后,许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI 差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知,
sharp 是要修饰动词narrow,用sharp 的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
44.考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较低的收入和教育水平,
较高的健康食品成本,以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知,句子已有谓语动词may be,故live 用非
谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是people,表主动关系,做定语,用现在分词形式,故填living。
45.考查形容词比较级。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较低的收入和教育水
平,较高的健康食品成本,以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知,including 说明的是一些不利条件,
且后面有higher 和fewer,是并列关系,所以low 也应该用比较级形式,故填lower。
2020 年语法填空
Test 1
【2020 年新课标Ⅰ】China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The 
unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61.  (touch) 
down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62.  (extreme) challenging. 
Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit 
above the moon in a spot 63.  it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of 
particular 64.  (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65.  the familiar 
near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66.  (find) and study areas of the 
South Pole-Aitken basin. "This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, 
"because it 67.  (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68.  (construct)" Data 
about the moon’s composition, such as how 69.  ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide 
whether 70.  (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【解析】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家,文章主要介绍了中国无人月
球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。
61. .考查时态。句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南
极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语last week 可知应使用一般过去时,故填touched。
62. 考查副词。句意:登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme 的
副词形式,故填extremely。
63. 考查定语从句。句意:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个
点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是a spot,关系词替代先行
词在从句中作地点状语,应用where 引导。故填where。
64. 考查名词。句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular 可知,空处应填名词,
interest 是不可数名词,be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
65. 考查介词。句意:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so 可知,此处填介
词than,表示“比……更”。故填than。
66. 考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此
处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
67. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters 说:
“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“ This really excites scientists”可知,
此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。
68. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语construct 与
主语the moon 之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon
是单数,故填is constructed。
69. 考查形容词。句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来
月球基地的计划是否实用。ice 是不可数名词,应使用much 修饰,故填much。
70. 考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans 可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。
Test 2
【2020 年新课标Ⅱ】Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 61.  (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 
This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62.  (carry) special significance. They represent the earth  
63.   (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 64.  decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make 
great gifs and you see them many times 65.  (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 
66.  (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67.  health, abundance 
and a happy home. They are easy 68.  (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69.  (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) 
make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70.   first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They 
represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。
61. 考查名词。句意:中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a 后接名词形式。故填
celebration。
62. 考查主谓一致。句意:这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从
句,从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers,所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填
carries。
63. 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent,
所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth 与come back to 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填
coming。
64. 考查短语。句意:桔子树不仅仅是装饰品;more than 不仅仅,不只是。故填than。
65. 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them
指代前句中的orange trees,与decorate 之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。
66. 考查副词。句意:当然在假期期间,这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语,因此只有改
变成副词才能复合句子结构,用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
67. 考查短语。句意:竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with 与……相联系。
故填with。
68. 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。
故填to care。
69. 考查形容词。句意:美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾,做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches,用形
容词形式。故填beautiful。
70. 考查冠词。句意:雪还在融化时,梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指,所以序数词first 前要加定冠
词the。故填the。
Test 3
【2020 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷(山东卷)】Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, 
postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36.  (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical 
objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37.  until they died, and then it was 
given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38.  (form) the core collection 
of the British Museum 39.  opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 40.  (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a 
museum’s collection 41.  (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can 
play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42.  (they) living at a different time in history or 43. 
(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people 
experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44.  (accurate) is important but so is 
entertainment. Museums must compete 45. people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most 
museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。
36. 考查形容词。句意:在18 和19 世纪,富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词
people,应使用形容词,做定语。故填wealthy。
37. 考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里,直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世,然后这些藏品被捐给
一家博物馆。根据语境可知,前后陈述的是两者可能性,应使用连词or:或者。故填or。
38. 考查动词时态。句意:例如,汉斯•斯隆爵士的8 万件藏品构成了1759 年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。
此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语in1759 可知,应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
39. 考查定语从句。句意:例如,汉斯•斯隆爵士的8 万件藏品构成了1759 年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。
此处是限定性定语从句,先行词是the British Museum,关系词在从句中做主语,应使用关系代
词which/that 引导。故填which/that。
40. 考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用,应
使用一般现在时;主语与call 是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态,且主语是复数概念。故填are called。
41. 考查主谓一致。句意:通常,博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实,应使用一般现在时,
主语a small part of a museum’s collection 是单数概念,谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式,且后面的Most 
of it is stored away or used for research.中的is 也是提示。故填is。
42. 考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时
期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
43. 考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史
时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living 是并列成分,共同做imagine 的宾补,imagine sb doing sth. 
“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
44. 考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要,但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语,位于形容词historical 之后,应
使用名词,意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
45. 考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete 
for,意为: “为了……竞争”。故填for。
Test 4
【2020 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷(海南卷)】These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish 
their own websites or for second and third graders____36____(begin)computer classes. At the same time, 
computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop____37____
(education)computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become 
a____38____(require)for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool 
in most____39____(profession)
The Digital World is a set of volumes____40____aim to describe how digital systems influence society and 
help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set 
explores____41____wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 
____42____discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics____43____
(be)practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and 
explain the basic principles of technology. Readers____44____(encourage)to continue exploring the digital 
world with the guidance of_____45_____(we)Further Resources section featured in each volume.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《数字世界》丛书的出版的背景和目的等方面信息。
【36 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:如今,10 到12 岁的孩子发布自己的网站,二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课,
这些都很常见。本题考查“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构,该结构it 作形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。
故填to begin。
【37 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:与此同时,电脑游戏越来越受欢迎,主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发教育电脑程序。
修饰名词computer programs,前用形容词形式。故填educational。
【38 题详解】
考查名词。句意:此外,在日益数字化的世界中,技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件,因为计算机已
成为大多数职业的通用工具。动词become 后接名词作宾语,根据前面的不定冠词a 可知,用名词的单数形
式。故填requirement。
【39 题详解】
考查名词的数。句意:此外,在日益数字化的世界中,技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件,因为计算
机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。名词profession 为可数名词,根据前面的most 修饰可知用复数形式。故
填professions。
【40 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:《数字世界》是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的本
质及其众多交互部分的丛书。句中先行词为volumes,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which 或that
引导。故填that/which。
【41 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料,解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念,并讨论了他们
对日常生活的影响。a range of 一套;一系列。wide 是以辅音音素发音开头,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
【42 题详解】
考查连词。句意:系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料,解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念,并讨论了他们
对日常生活的影响。前后句为并列关系,所以用连词and。故填and。
【43 题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意:因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的,所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程序和
工具的一个示例,并解释技术的基本原理。the number of ……的数目,后接可数名词的复数形式,谓语动
词用单数。根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。故填is。
【44 题详解】
考查语态。句意:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers
与encourage 之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。故填are 
encouraged。
【45 题详解】
考查代词。句意:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词
Further Resources section,前用形容词性物主代词。故填our。
Test 5
【2020 年北京卷】Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___4___(throw) away. It 
takes them hundreds of years___5___(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can 
trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart___6___countless tiny pieces, and fish 
can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of___7___(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of 
such bags to stop people using them.
【答案】4. are thrown    5. to break    6. into/to    7. countries
【解析】这是一篇说明文,介绍了一次性塑料袋
危害,应禁止使用。
【4 题详解】
考查时态语态。句意:一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实,应该用一般现在时,
主语they(Single-use plastic bags )和谓语动词throw 之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,且谓
语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。
【5 题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意:它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.(花
某人/物多长时间干某事),此处用动词不定式(to do )作真正主语,It 形式主语。故填to break。
【6 题详解】
考查介词。句意:随着时间
推移,这些袋子分解成成无数的小碎片,鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中一些。固
定搭配fall apart into/to...(分崩离析成……),介词into/to 可表“进入……之中/变成……”。故
填into/to。
【7 题详解】
考查名词的数。句意:现在,许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子,以阻止人们使用。lots of
修饰可数名词复数,故填countries。
Test 6
【2020 年北京卷】A piece of stone___8___(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human 
relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals___9___(live)
alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. 
They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were____10____
(smart)than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
【答案】8. found    9. lived/had lived/had been living    10. smarter
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在荷兰海滩上发现
一块石头表明已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特
人比我们之前认为的更聪明。
【8 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明,我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们
之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests,设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。
故答案为found。
【9 题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意:尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年,直到大约4 万年前灭绝。
设空处在句中作谓语,结合句意,此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前,
结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态;又因动作发生在
过去,强调过去发生的动作,也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。
【10 题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意:但长期以来,人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were
设空处应用形容词,设空处后的than 表示比较,应用比较级。故答案为smarter。
Test 7
【2020 年浙江卷1 月】Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The 
median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950___56___(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected___57___(increase)to 
42 by 2050. For Japan, the___58___(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one 
in 12 people around the world were over 65;by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven___59___two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old 
generations are large___60___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population 
becomes___61___(old)than before. This is___62___(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are 
living longer. A child born in the US today has___63___very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to 
plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should___64___(place)on longevity(长寿). 
It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier___65___more 
productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the 
economy.
【答案】56. was   57. to increase    58. numbers    59. by    60. compared    
61. older    62. particularly    63. a    64. be placed    65. and
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了世界人口正面临老龄化问题,并分析了其产生的两个原因。
【56 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:1950 年美国人的中年年龄是30 岁,今天是41 岁,预计到2050 年将增加到42 岁。
结合上文in 1950 可知应用一般过去时,且主语为The median age of an American,故谓语动词应用第三人
称单数。故填was。
【57 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式,故填to 
increase。
【58 题详解】
考查名词的数。句意:对日本来说,这个数字更加惊人——1950 年是22 岁,今天是46 岁,2050 年是53
岁。number 为可数名词表示“数字”,且根据下文are 可知主语应用复数形式,故填numbers。
【59 题详解】
考查介词。句意:人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由;被”应用介词by。故填by。
【60 题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:首先是出生率的下降,这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多,因此,平均而言,
人口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与……相比;与某事相提并论”,故填compared。
【61 题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than before 可知应用形容词比较级,故填older。
【62 题详解】
考查副词。句意:在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true 应用副词,故填particularly。
【63 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100 岁以上,因此需要做出相应的计划。
chance 为可数名词,此处表示泛指应用不定冠词,且very 为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
【64 题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:然而,更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且
should 后跟动词原形,故填be placed。
【65 题详解】
考查连词。句意:而且,平均而言,他们更健康,更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列
短语应用连词and,故填and。
2019 年语法填空
Test 1
【2019
 Ⅰ
年全国卷
】The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as 
Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the 
Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as 
much of the range has been  ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-
25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, 
and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in 
Nunayut ___65___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ 
(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by  ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be 
congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) 
than they actually are. Of ___69___  nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 
___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】61. that    62. poorly    63. of/for    64. to perform    65. have report 
66. belief    67. noting    68. higher    69. the    70. are
【语篇解读】本文为科普文类说明文,介绍了北极熊的生存现状。
 61. that【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知,主句为there be 句型,且结构完整,空格后为
同位语从句,解释说明中心词evidence
内容,故填that。
 62. poorly【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知,此处用副词poorly 修饰谓语动词has been 
studied,意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
 63. of/for【解析】考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations 作Modern methods 的定语,用of 连
接,“methods of doing sth.”,意为“…的方法”,构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用
for。故填of/for。
 64. to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后,常用不定式作原因或目的状语,句意:跟踪
北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用,并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的,故此
处用to perform。
 65. have reported【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境,尤其是时间状语in recent years 可知,主句用现在
完成时态,故填have reported。
 66.belief 【解析】考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知,空格处为名词形式,故填
belief。
 67. noting【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by 可知,此处用动名词主动形式,故填noting。
 68. higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are 可知,此处为形容词的比较级,故填higher。
 69. the【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指,意为“在已知的19 个北极熊亚种群中”,故填the。
 70. are【解析】考查主谓一致。根据three are declining,此处数词six 作主语,代指前文中的“polar bear 
subpopulations”,故用复数谓语,一般现在时,故填are。
Test 2
【2019 年浙江卷6 月】There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms 
help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school 
wears the uniform, nobody ___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears___57___ same 
style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new 
uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children 
are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study 
in America found that students' grades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some 
students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect) 
between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some 
very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of 
British secondary schools wear uniforms.
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生穿校服的几个好处。
56. has/will have【解析】考查时态。句意:当每个学生在校穿校服时,没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是
when 引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,因此,主句可以使用将来时will do;根据语境可知,本文
叙述的是客观事实,因此,本句亦可用一般现在时,主语是nobody,谓语用has。故填will have/has。
57.the 【解析】考查冠词。句意:每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same 是形容词,意思是“相同的”,常与
the 连用修饰名词。故填the。
58. that/which  【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句,先行词是cloth,指物,从句中缺少主语,
因此,可以用that 或which 引导。故填that/which。
59. cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时,汽车司机很容易
看到它们。or 连接两个并列成分,根据or 前的walking 可知,此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
60. easily【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知,设空处所给词是修饰动词see,修饰动词要用副词,因此,用
easy 的副词形式。故填easily。
61. to【解析】考查介词。句意:这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to ...这是固定搭配,“……的答案
是……”。故填to。
62. improved【解析】考查时态。句意:美国的一项研究发现,在学校引入校服后,学生的成绩有所提高。
本句是after 引导的时间状语从句,前后时态保持一致,从句使用了一般过去式,主句用一般过去式。故填
improved。
63. to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:但是,有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth 想要做某事,
这是want 的固定用法。故填to wear。
64. connection/connections【解析】考查名词。句意:其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。
no 是形容词,形容词修饰名词,位于名词前,名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect 是动词,“联系”
的意思,因此,要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。
65. traditional【解析】考查形容词。句意:穿校服在英国是一个传统,但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不
用穿校服。are 是系动词,其后常用形容词作表语,tradition 是名词,“传统”的意思,因此,用其形容词
形式。故填traditional。
Test 3
【2019 年北京卷】Earth Day,___4___(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public 
awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated ___5___ 1970,the Day now includes events in more 
than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various 
___6___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save power
—the possibilities are endless.
【答案】4. marked    5. in    6. activities
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:地球日于4 月22 日举行,是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式
可知,设空处是要做名词Earth Day 的后置定语,且与其之间是被动关系,要用过去分词。故填marked。
5.考查介词。句意:第一次庆祝是在1970 年。如今,这一天的活动遍及190 多个国家和地区。在年份前要
用介词in。故填in。
6.考查名词。句意:无论你喜欢做什么,有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的
various 可知,此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
Test 4
C
【2019 年北京卷】Does the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question 
___7___(suggest)that,for most students,it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 
___8___ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in 
academic life. taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源),Students should have a proper 
attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary 
preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience.
【答案】7. suggests/suggested/has suggested    8. where    9. who/that    10. meaningful
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明,大学的名气对学生来说并不重要,从大学生活中受益最
多的是完全投入学术生活,充分利用大学的机会和资源的学生。所以要以正确的态度来选择大学。
7.考查时态。句意:对于这个问题的研究表明,对于大多数学生来说,它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结
果,所以用现在时或一般过去时均可,故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。
8.考查宾语从句。句意:学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里(哪所大学)更重要。这里表达去哪所大学,
表示地点,作状语。故用where。
9.考查定语从句。句意:从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are totally 
engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句,修饰先行词those,空格处在句中作主语,代指人,故填who 或
that。
10.考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy 并列,修饰后面的名词college experience,故此处也要用形容词。故
填meaningful。
Test 5
【2018 年浙江卷11 月】The Caffeine Catch
Caffeine, a chemical typically found in coffee, has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs 
that show up regularly in our food supply. You probably _____56_____(use) caffeine since childhood. Caffeine 
_____57_____(be) in your first Coke. If you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar, you ate caffeine. Soft drinks are the 
major source(来源) of caffeine for most children and even some adults. _____58_____(recent), caffeine has found 
its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks.
Small amounts of caffeine-a cup _____59_____ two of coffee a day—seem safe for most people. However, 
some people have trouble with even small amounts. One cup of coffee _____60_____ the late afternoon or 
evening will cause _____61_____(they) to stay awake almost all night. Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a 
problem _____62_____(call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can’t sleep.
It is possible _____63_____ caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans, too. One study showed that 
_____64_____(woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were 
more likely ________65________(have) children with birth defects.
【答案】56.have used/ have been using    57.is (was)    58.Recently    59.or    60.in    61.
them    62.called    63.that    64.women    65.to have
【分析】本文是说明文。现在我们的许多食品中添加了咖啡因,文章介绍了大量饮用咖啡因对健康的不良
影响。
56.考查时态语态。句中时间状语since childhood 和现在完成时连用,此处指你可能从小就摄入咖啡因,
表示动作从过去开始持续到现在或动作一直在进行,用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填have used/ 
have been using。
57.考查主谓一致。主语Caffeine 是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。此处表示一种事实可以用一般现在时。
也可以指小时候的事用一般过去时,故填is (was)。
58.考查副词。句意:最近,咖啡因已经进入了橙子、苹果和其他调味饮料。此处单独作状语用副词,故
填Recently。
59.考查连词。此处指每天一杯或两杯咖啡,表示“或者”用连词or,故填or。
60.考查介词。表示“在下午晚些时候或晚上”是in the late afternoon or evening,介词用in,故填in。
61.考查代词。此处作动词cause 的宾语用宾格形式,故填them。
62.考查过去分词。句中problem 和动词call 是被动关系,指这种问题被叫做caffeinism。此处用过去分词
表被动,作problem 的定语,故填called。
63.考查主语从句。句中it 是形式主语,真正主语是后面的从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,意思完整,用
that 起引导作用,故填that。
64.考查名词。此处表示泛指喝大量咖啡的妇女,指某一类人用名词复数。故填women。
65.考查动词不定式。此处指每天喝大量咖啡的妇女,怀孕时孩子很可能会先天畸形。表示“可能做某
事”是be likely to do sth.,用动词不定式,故填to have。
2018 年语法填空
Test 1
【2018 年全国Ⅰ卷】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years   61 
(long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long   62   (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be 
overweight and still reduce your risk of   63   (die) early by running. 
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it   64   (be) more effective at 
lengthening life   65   walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study 
published in 2014   66   showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and 
early deaths from all   67   (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise … it’s probably running. To avoid knee 
pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to   68   (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get 
good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always   69   (energy). If you are time poor, you need run 
for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give   70   a try. 
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处,它可以帮助人们延年益寿。
61. longer 考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示:经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3 年。根据than 可知用比
较级,故填longer。
62. to see  考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状
语,故填to see。
63.dying  考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重,但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of 是介词,
其后用动名词。故填dying。
64.is  考查动词的时态。医学报告显示:跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一
个事实,故用一般现在时。故填is。
65.than  考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective 可知
此处填than。
66.that 或which  考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study 是先行词,其在定语从句中作主语,故填that 或
which。
67.causes  考查名词复数。一项研究表明,仅仅每天5 到10 分钟的跑步,就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早
亡。根据句意用复数形式。故填causes。
68.strengthen  考查词形变化。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处to 是不定式符合,其后用动词原形。故填
strengthen。
69.energetic  考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据it’s 可知,系动词后用形容词作表语。故填
energetic。
70.it 或running  考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try 意为:试试。此处it 可以
指running。故填it 或running。
【点睛】本文比较难的一个题是70 题。短语give it a try 不容易想出来。
give a try 试试。Give sb sth; give sth to sb 这些短语学生都很清楚。但give 后加it 或sth 的形式,比较少见。
高考复习要尽可能多的复习相关的短语,尤其是用的比较多,而课本中出现较少的短语。
Test 2
【2018 年全国Ⅱ卷】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 
___61___(grow)more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 
years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed 
chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead 
of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ___65___ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) 
runoff. This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made 
drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___ (globe)fertilizer 
consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ___68___ 
(start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer 
use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's 
approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and 
food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案】61. has grown    62. the    63. actually    64. to improve 
65. than    66. pollution    67. global    68. started    69. that/which    70. feeding
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界
上的知名人士的认可。
61. 考查时态。since 加时间点,主句要用现在完成时。句意:2011 年以来,中国种植的玉米比水稻多。
故填has grown。
62. 考查冠词。句意:玉米产量在过去25 年里增长了近125%,而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去
的25 年里。故填the。
63. 考查副词。句意:对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整,用副词修饰句子。
故填actually。
64. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语
动词是encourages,故improve 应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的,故用不定式。故填to improve。
65. 考查连词。句意:玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less 可知,填比较连词。故填than。
66. 考查词性转换。句意:这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水更加安全。
has decreased 后跟名词作宾语,故填pollution。
67. 考查词性转换。句意:中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption 是名词短语,故
应该用形容词修饰。故填global。
68. 考查谓语动词。句意:在2005 年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when 引导的定语从句,
由于时间是2005 年,故用过去时。故填started。
69. 考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives 可知,该空缺少主语,指代program 并且引导后
面的句子。指物用that/which,故填that 或者which。
70. 考查省略句。句意:中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮
食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作,while 后面省略掉了China is,省略句的
原则:在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、,让步状语从句中,如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be
动词时,那么可以把主语和be 动词一块省略。故填feeding。
点睛:学会分析句子成分。The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 - when the government 
started a soil-testing program which /that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011,
fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 这句话中有两个定语从句。一个是关系副词when 引导的定语从句,
先行词是2005,the government 是主语,a soil-testing program 是宾语,故此空缺少谓语动词,我们可以看
出时态是一般过去时。另一个是关系代词指代program 引导的定语从句,先行词是program,gives 是第三
人称谓语动词,可以看出是考查关系词。代指物并作主语,关系词要用that/which。
Test 3
【2018 年浙江卷6 月】Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese   
56
    
  (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners   5 7   
   come to China cook much less than in 
their own countries once they realize how cheap   5 8   
   can be to eat out. I still remember   5 9   
   (visit) a 
friend who’d lived here for five years and I   6 0   
  (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
  While regularly eating out seems to   6 1   
  (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s 
not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be   6 2   
  (afford) but doing 
this most days adds up. There could be an even   6 3   
   (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that 
there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in   6 4   
  (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 
__65__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the 
effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
【解析】【整体分析】作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象,分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响,建议
我们在家做饭。
56. dishes 【解析】考查名词。此处指中国菜,表示泛指应该用名词复数,故填dishes。
57. who/that   【解析】考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句,先行词是westerners 指人,在定语从句中做
主语,用关系代词who/that 引导,故填who/that。
58. it  【解析】考查it 用法。句子为感叹句,正常语序应该是it can be cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat 
out 是真正主语,用it 是形式主语。故填i。
59.visiting  【解析】考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友,表示记得做过某事
用remember doing sth., 故填visiting。
60. was shocked. 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示我感到很震惊。shock 的主语是I,用形容词和系动词组成
系表结构,表示过去发生的事,系动词用过去式。故填was shocked。
61. have become 【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years 可知用现在完成时,seems to 后用
动词原形,故填have become。
62. affordable 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的,系动词be 后用形容词
作表语,表示“负担得起的”故填affordable。
63. higher 【解析】考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost 用形容词,由even 表示程度修饰比较级,故填
higher。
64.weight 【解析】考查名词。此处指体重问题,用名词修饰problems,故填weight。
65.for 【解析】考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭,表示目的用介词for,故填for。
2017 年语法填空
Test 1
【2017 年新课标Ⅰ卷】There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat 
content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)   
  61
     
   a 
method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side   
  62
     
   (effect) such as overweight and 
heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
    Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required    
  63
     
   (process) the food that 
we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt    
 
 64
     
 
  
(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As    
  65
     
   result, people will eat 
more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even    
  66
     
   (bad), the amount of fast food 
that people eat goes up. Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by    
  68
     
   (eat) more fast food 
people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
    Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals 
and will improve the taste of your food. However, be    
 
 69
     
 
  (care) not to go to extremes. Like 
anything, it is possible to have too much of both,    
  70
     
   is not good for the health.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分,人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐
分对于健康来说是必不可少的,但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分,自身的健康将会受到损害。
61. as 考查介词。句意:这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as 表示"作为,以……身
份",故填as。
62. effects 考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是"一些不为人知的副作用",根据前文的some
可知"side effect"(副作用)有很多,故填effects。
63. to process 考查不定式。句意:他们被要求加工食物。require 表示"要求",require sb. to do sth.表
示
"要求某人做某事",被动形式为"sb. be required to do sth."(某人被要求做某事)。故填to 
process。
64. are removed 考查被动语态。句意:当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。分析可知fat,salt 和move 之间是
被动关系,脂肪和盐分是两种东西,且是被人们去掉,所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
65. a 考查冠词。固定短语as a result 表示"结果"。句意:结果,人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东
西。故填a。
66. worse  考查比较级。句意:更糟糕的是,人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。
67. is  考查主谓一致。句意:快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food 的意思是"快餐",表示一类食物,
为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
68. eating 考查动名词。句意:通过吃更多的快餐,人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前
文中的by 可知此处应该填名词、动名词,所以填eating。
69. careful  考查形容词。句意:然而,注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be 后面应该用形容词作表语,故
填careful。
70. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐,那对健康没有好处。分析可知
which is not good for the health 为非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的整句话。
Test 2
【2017 年新课标Ⅱ卷】In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It 
ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible  
  61
   
  (crowd) on the roads 
above as they travelled to and  
  62
   
  work. It took three years to complete and was built using an 
interesting method. This included digging up the road,  63
   
  (lay) the track and then building a strong 
roof over  
  64
   
  top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines  
  65
   
  (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 
  66
   
(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to 
be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using  
  67
   
  every day.
Later, engineers  
 
 68
   
  (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep 
tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 
  69
   
(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 
  70
   
(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red 
carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
【语篇解读】本文为说明文,介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过
程。
61. crowds【解析】考查名词复数。因为crowd 为可数名词,并且其前没有限定词,所以此处用其复数形式。
62. from【解析】考查介词。此处是指"当他们来回上下班时"。
63. laying【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为This,谓语动词included 后由and 连
接了三个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying。该句中的 lay 不是与前面的谓语动词included 并列,而是与
digging up 和building 并列。句式结构的分析是解答该题的关键。
64. the【解析】考查定冠词。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶,所以在 top 前加the。
65. were used【解析】考查动词时态和语态。因为是介绍1863 年的事情,而且Steam engines 与use 之间为
被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
66. fairly【解析】考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant,故在其前填fairly。
67. it【解析】考查代词。根据上文的"the railway quickly"可知,此处用it 代替the railway。
68. managed【解析】考查动词时态。因为engineers 与manage 之间为主动关系,而且是发生在过去的事情,
所以填managed。
69. introduction【解析】考查词性转换。由前面的定冠词the 可知,其后应接名词,故填introduction。
70. successful【解析】考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most 可知,空处表达最高级意义。故
successful。
2016 年语法填空
Test 1
【2016 年新课标Ⅱ卷】If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and 
identify(识别) those of  
  4 1  
  (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll 
feel a real sense of  
  4 2   
  (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow  
  4 3   
   (be) often 
acceptable.
Most of us are more focused  
  4 4  
   our tasks in the morning than we are later in the 
day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive  
  4 5   
   possible before lunch. This will give you the 
confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent  
  4 6  
  (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short 
breaks  
  4 7  
   (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for  
  4 8  
   while, exercising, or 
doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely  
  4 9  
(bring) your work home. It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is,  
  5 0   
(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。本文主要介绍了缓解工作中的压力的一些方法。
41. greater 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的"and less importance"可知,此处应用形容词的比较级来
修饰importance,故填greater。
42. achievement 考查词性转换。首先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。介词后接名词,a 
real sense of achievement 意为"一种真实的成就感"。
43. is 查主谓一致和时态。把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知,该句中的主
语为动名词短语"Leaving the less important things until tomorrow",故谓语动词为第三人称单数形式,且全文的
基本时态为一般现在时。故填is。
44. on 考查介词。我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。
固定短语be focused on 意为"集中于……"。故填on。
45. as 考查连词。因此,早点儿开始并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构as...as possible 意为"尽可能……"。
46. studies 考查名词复数。最新的研究表明,如果我们有规律地短暂休息的话,我们在工作中会变得高效得多。
分析句子结构可知,谓语动词为show,为复数形式,且study 作"研究,调查"讲时为可数名词,故主语应为复数。
故填studies。
47. regularly 考查词性转换。副词修饰谓语动词take,故填regularly"有规律地"。
48. a 考查冠词。固定短语for a while 意为"一会儿"。
49. to bring 考查非谓语动词。固定短语be likely to do sth.意为"可能做某事",故填to bring。
50. make 考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知,but 连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中,whatever 引导让步状
语从句,其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。
Test 2
【2016 年新课标Ⅲ卷】In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan, 
Korea,    
  61
     
   Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal 
bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might    
  6 2   
 
  (make) of gold 
and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal    
 
 6  3   
 
  (create) 
special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 
__64__ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time,    
 
 6  5   
 
  the population grew, people began cutting food into 
small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which __66__ 
(gradual) turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,    
 
 6  7   
 
  lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., 
influenced the       6  8   
 
  (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 
__69__ (be) too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat __70__ their 
hands.
【文章大意】文章介绍了筷子的材质和中国使用筷子的悠久历史及文化内涵,这是中华传统文化、饮食文
化。筷子,中华饮食文化的标志之一,发明于中国,后传至朝鲜半岛、日本、越南等汉字文化圈。
61.and  
【解析】考查连词。这里列举了一些亚洲的国家,它们是并列关系,故填and。
62.be made 
【解析】考查动词的语态及情态动词的用法。精美的筷子可能是由刻有汉字的金或银制成的。sth. be 
made of…某物由……制成,情态动词后跟动词原形,故填be made。
63.to create 
【解析】考查非谓语动词。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来,以制造出花样特殊
的筷子。这里用不定式表目的,故填to create。
64.using  
【解析】考查非谓语动词。人们可能使用大锅煮食物,用树枝搅拌食物,use 的逻辑主语是People,两者
之间是主动关系,用现在分词表示伴随状况,故填using。
65.as/when  
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:随着人口的增长,人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以煮得快一点。所填
词引导时间状语从句,as 意为"随着",when 意为"当……时候",故填as/when。
66.gradually  
【解析】考查副词。副词修饰动词或形容词,这里修饰动词短语turned into,应该用副词,故填
gradually。
67.who  
【解析】考查定语从句。句中有逗号,说明是非限制性定语从句,先行词是Confucius(孔子),定语从句中
缺少主语,且指人,故填who。
68.development  
【解析】考查名词。the+名词+of…意为"……的……",这里指"筷子的发展",故填development。
69.were  
【解析】考查动词的时态及主谓一致。根据句意可知,这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用,
believed 后跟一个宾语从句,and 连接了两个并列的谓语,主语knives 是复数形式,根据时态和主谓一致
的原则,这里应用were。
70.with  
【解析】考查介词。句意:在印度,大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法——用手抓。表示"用……方式/工具
",应填with。
Test 3
【2016 年上海卷】Bags of Love
Last year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. 
During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.
    After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly — we were always 
suddenly out of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing 
her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and 
head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed 
me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.
   I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with 
her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —why would she not want to tell me 
about what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the 
groceries if I found out?
   When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her 
she didn’t need to keep it a secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in 
a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food 
she could spare. I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was.
【答案】25. Wondering    26. what  
27. which 
28. had done  
 
29. buying    30. Before   31. from       32. how 
【解析】试题分析:本文是篇记叙文,作者在无意中发现妈妈在偷偷地帮助困境中的儿童,赞美了妈妈善
良无私的美丽品质。
25. Wondering   考查现在分词做状语。动词wonder 与本句主语I 构成主动关系,所以使用现在分词
wondering 在句中作状语。
26. what  考查主语从句。此处what 引导主语从句,what happened 在句中作主语。句意:发生的事情真的
让我很惊讶。
27. which 考查定语从句。此定语从句的先行词是the refugee camp,指物,关系代词在定语从句中作介词in
的宾语,故用which,in which 相当于关系副词where。
28. had done  考查时态。根据上下文可知,"我"被派到妈妈家附近工作,这是过去发生的事情,而妈妈
帮助难民是我来这里工作之前就发生的事情,所以使用过去完成时表示过去的过去发生的事情。
29. buying  考查动词短语。stop to do sth.停下来去做另外一件事情;stop doing sth.停止做某事。句意:
妈妈是担忧如果我发现了这件事情我的反应是什么或者担忧我不再给她买食品杂货吗?根据句意可知使用
stop doing sth.。
30. Before  考查连词。before 引导时间状语从句,此处意为"还没来得及……就……"。句意:她还没有
来得及反应过来,我就给了她一个大大的拥抱并告诉她这件事情不必对我保密。
31. from  考查动词短语。keep a secret to sb.对某人保密。句意:她还没有来得及反应过来,我就紧紧地抱
着她并告诉她这件事情不必对我保密。
32. how 考查宾语从句。本句中表语从句how selfless she was 作介词by 的宾语,因为selfless 是形容词,
所以使用how 来引导这个从句,用法和感叹句类似。 
Test 4
【2016 年上海卷】Stress: Good or Bad?
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that 
people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.
In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood 
pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is 
time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home 
with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the 
(35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to 
exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by 
asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of 
(37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient or(38) _____(annoy) with 
people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) 
your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.
  To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how 
much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. 
If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill.
【答案】33. has been regarded   34. that   35. better   
36. a  37. you  38. annoyed  
39. control   40. to get
【解析】试题分析:本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们压力成为了我们生活中常见的一个词汇,一定范围
之内的压力能促进我们的工作,但一旦压力过大,就会给我们的生活带来很多负面的影响。
33. has been regarded  考查时态和语态。本句的时间状语是In recent years 最近几年以来,该时间状语通常
和现在完成时连用,且句子主语stress 与动词regard 构成被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动语态形式
has been regarded。
34. that  考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其它成分。其最大的特
点是去掉It is/was 和that/who,句子仍然成立。注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以外的所有的句子成分。
本句强调的是句子的主语only too much stress。
35. better  考查固定句式。"the+比较级, the+比较级"意为"越……就越……"。句意:你承受的压力越
大,你的表现就会越好。所以本空使用good 的比较级形式better。
36. a  考查固定短语。a number of 许多,大量;该短语通常作定语修饰可数名词复数形式,本句中使用a 
number of 修饰可数名词复数形式questions。
37. you  考查代词。句意:例如,你是否感觉到对你期待得太多了?本句的主语是you,所以仍然使用宾格
you 作介词of 的宾语。
38. annoyed  考查形容词。annoyed 恼怒的,该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词,通常修饰人。本句中该
词和impatient 构成并列关系一起和系动词get 构成系表结构。
39. control 考查固定搭配。had better do sth.最好做某事;had better 是情态动词,后面要接动词原形。
 40. to get 考查形容词短语。be likely to do sth.可能做某事。句意:如果你生活中的压力超过150,你就
非常有可能生病了。
考点02 记叙文
2025 年
Text 1
【2025 全国二卷】I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the 
countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family,     56     bamboo and tea bushes (灌
木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and     57     (center) heating doesn’t exist. 
Nothing in my life before prepared me     58     this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never 
imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt     59     learn in a 
new environment. Over time, I’ve found     60     (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve 
experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes     61  
(be) one of them.      Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying 
me the chance     62     (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after 
sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the     
63     (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky     64     (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt     65     (leave) to sun for a day, 
well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
【答案】
56.where    57.central    58.for    59.and    60.myself    61.is    62.to discover    63.
absence    64.afternoons    65.left
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。
56.考查定语从句。句意:然而现在,我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村,在那里山上野
生竹子和茶树丛生,鸡总是自由放养的,而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词
the countryside of Zhejiang,China,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where 引导。故
填where。
57.考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词heating,应用形容词central“中央的,中心的”,作定语。故
填central。
58.考查介词。句意:我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是,我第一次来到
这里时,从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb. for...“使某人为……做好准备”,固定搭配。故填
for。
59.考查连词。句意:但令人惊讶的是,你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt 和learn 是并列关系,
应用连词and 连接。故填and。
60.考查反身代词。句意:随着时间的推移,我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I,
表示“我自己”,应用反身代词myself。故填myself。
61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实,
时态用一般现在时,且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 为第三人称单数,be 动词用
is。故填is。
62.考查非谓语动词。句意:在我的成长过程中,我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物,这让我没有
机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语
used,此处应用非谓语动词, chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover 的不定式,作定语。故填
to discover。
63.考查名词。句意:我住的地方,晒干的衣服闻起来特别香,这要归功于没有烟雾,而且下午的天很蓝
天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to 的宾语,应用名词absence“缺乏,没有”,不可数名词。故填absence。
64.考查名词的数。句意:我住的地方,晒干的衣服闻起来特别香,这要归功于没有烟雾,而且下午有很
多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词,此处指不止一个下午,应用复数形式afternoons。故填
afternoons。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意:如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味
道”,那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced,此处应用非谓语动词,a sheet 
or shirt 和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填left。
Text 2
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
【2025 北京卷】Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s ____11____ 
(peace), especially around sunset. Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits. When Nick 
runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 
____12____ (scare). The truth, though, is ____13____ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just 
me, Nick, and the quiet forest.
【答案】11. peaceful    12. scared    13. what
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大多数放学后和狗Nick 在森林散步的时光。
【11 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:这里很宁静,尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语,“peace”的形容词形式
是“peaceful”,意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。
【12 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:我有时会把他叫回来,担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb. done”表示 “使某人
被……”,“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系,即某人被吓到,用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填
scared。
【13 题详解】
考查表语从句引导词。句意:不过,真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句,从
句中缺少主语,指物,用what 引导,what 在从句中作主语,意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。
2024 年
Text 1
【2024 北京卷】One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought 
___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his 
books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ 
(jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!”
【答案】18. to    19. knocking    
20. jogged
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。
【18 题详解】
考查介词。句意:我心想,“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着?”think to oneself 为固定搭配,表示“心想,
暗想”,符合语境。故填to。
【19 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:就在这时,一些孩子朝他跑来,把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语
ran,空处作非谓语动词,knock 与逻辑主语some kids 之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式knocking 作状
语。故填knocking。
【20 题详解】
考查时态。句意:我很同情他,然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and 连接并列句,空处作后句谓语,根据句中
went 可知,此处描述过去发生的事,句子使用一般过去时,动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。
Text 2
2023 年
Test 1
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always 
get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? 
Since June 2017, right before the ___36___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I 
have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___ (confidence) speaking 
English. And who do they speak English ___38___? 
Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually 
English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often 
come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___41___ 
(interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer. 
So, what are they learning? ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the 
panda programme develop ___44___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___45___ 
(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers 
do their job in English.
【答案】36. arrival    37. confident    38. with    39. the    40. visiting    
41. interviews    42. why    43. Basically    44. and    45. wished
【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。
【36 题详解】
考查名词。句意:从2017 年6 月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动
物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空前是冠词,空后是介词,所以空处应
填名词作介词before 的宾语,arrive 的名词形式是arrival,不可数名词。故填arrival。
【37 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:从2017 年6 月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助
动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空处和前文的comfortable 并列,作并
列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence 的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
【38 题详解】
考查介词。句意:他们和谁说英语?分析句子结构可知,根据句意此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配:
speak with sb.意
“与某人交谈”。故填with。
【39 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知,此处特指
用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
【40 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈,这些管理员经常来检查
从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知,空后是名词,所以空处应填形容词作定语;visit 对应的形容
词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
【41 题详解】
考查名词的数。句意:他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知,空前是动词,
所以空处应填名词作宾语,interview 意为“采访”为可数名词,不止一段采访,应用复数形式。故填
interviews。
【42 题详解】
考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,从句
中结构完整,应该用连接副词连接,前文提到需要培训师的原因,此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训
师的原因”之意,应用why 引导表语从句。故填why。
【43 题详解】
考查副词。句意:基本上,如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后整个句子,应该用副
词修饰,basic 的副词形式是basically 位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Basically。
【44 题详解】
考查连词。句意:我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展,看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知,
“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系,
应该用and 连接。故填and。
【45 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,本句
缺少谓语动词,所以wish 作本句谓语,和主语I 之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew 可知用一般过去时。
故填wished。
Text 2
【2023 年北京卷】Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m 
British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised 
when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the 
appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her 
sleeping suit.
【答案】11. would throw   12. exactly    13. had arrived
【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。
【11 题详解】
考查时态。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30 位客人都准时出现时,我感到非
常惊讶。表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态应用过去将来时。故填would throw。
【12 题详解】
考查副词。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30 位客人都准时出现时,我感到非
常惊讶。修饰介词短语on time 应用副词exactly,故填exactly。
【13 题详解】
考查时态。句意:多年以后,搬到法国后,我在约定的时间赴宴,却发现没有其他客人到场,女主人还穿
着睡衣。从句中表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。
2022 年
Test 1
【2022 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young 
child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-
metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. 
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors 
say he'll be OK. 
 ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. 
Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. 
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and 
climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the 
edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. 
Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the 
balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 
He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 
【答案】36. falling    37. The    38. asleep    39. to see    40. accidentally 
41. and    42. was fixing    43. threw    44. son's    45. how
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述的是正在修车的Henry 拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上,即将要
掉下来的小孩Eric 的故事。
【36 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100 米,跳过了1. 2 米
高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out 为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根
据句意,fall 为动词,意为“掉落”, child 和fall 之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使
用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
【37 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown 
family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the 符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字
母应该大写。故填The。
【38 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。
sleep 为动词,意为“睡觉”,其形容词为asleep。fall asleep 为固定搭配,意为“熟睡的”,asleep 符合句
意。故填asleep。
【39 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推
到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up 为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到
阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do 不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
【40 题详解】
考查副词。句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构,设空处应该填
写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental 为形容词,意为“意外的,失误的”,其副词为accidentally,意为“意
外地,失误地”,符合句意。故填accidentally。
【41 题详解】
考查连词。句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构,设空处
应该填写连词,连接hung 和screamed 两个动作。根据句意,此处表示并列关系。故填and。
【42 题详解】
考查动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的
when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过
去进行时。fix 为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
【43 题详解】
考查过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后的and 
started 构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw 为动词,意为“扔”,过去时为threw。故填threw。
【44 题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意:他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意,life 与提示词son 之间是所属关系,故应该使
用名词所有格。故填son’s。
【45 题详解】
考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do 不定
式结构作宾语。根据句意,how 意为“如何”,符合句意。故填how。
Test 3
【2022 年全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a 
first step ___41___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 
On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a 
car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International 
Cooperation ___43___ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the 
ancient Silk Road. ___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___45___ (protect). 
Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___46___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 
1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 
In the last five cars. Cao ___47___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the 
top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___48___ (high) mountain. 
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 
kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20, ___50___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【答案】41. to journey    42. who    43. held    44. A    45. protection     
46. meaningful     47. has walked     48. highest     49. from    50. planning 
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40 天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的
第一步。分析句子结合句意可知,journey 为动词,表示“旅行”,step 前面有序数词,应用不定式,作后
置定语。故填to journey。
【42 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:在1100 公里的旅程中,8 岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40 个
城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知,此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词为Cao Shengkang,指人,在从句
中作主语,应用关系代词who 引导。故填who。
【43 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿越这条
路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词decided,所以hold 应用非谓语动词形
式,hold 与cooperation 之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语,表被动。故填held。
【44 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知,此处泛指“他的一个朋
友”,应用不定冠词,friend 以辅音音素开头,应用a,空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填A。
【45 题详解】
考查名词。句意:曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾,以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental 可知,
此处应用名词protection,作宾语,protection 表示“保护”时,是不可数名词。故填protection。
【46 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make 复合结构,应用形容词
meaningful,作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
【47 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34 个国家,2016 年,他到达了乞力马扎罗
山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years 可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao 为
第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。
【48 题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34 个国家,2016 年,他到达了乞力马扎
罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s 可知,此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉,应用
形容词最高级。故填highest。
【49 题详解】
考查介词。句意:9 月20 日,他从4700 公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据
句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,应用介词from,固定搭配from…to…表示
“从……到……”。故填from。
【50 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:9 月20 日,他从4700 公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。
分析句子可知,已有谓语动词flew,所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式,plan 与主语He 之间为逻辑
主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填planning。
Test 4
【2022 年北京卷】Helen was walking down the street late ____11____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery 
bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she 
heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to 
run. Eventually, the man ____13____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
【答案】11. in    12. to harm    13 caught
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。
11.【解析】
考查介词。句意:深夜,海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening 意为“在晚上”,固定搭配。故in。
12.【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意:海伦担心他可能有意伤害她,便开始快跑。分析句子结构,可知空处应填非谓语
动词的形式,have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”,固定搭配,不定式作后置定语。故填to 
harm。
13.【解析】
考查动词时态。句意:最终,那个男人追上了她,他只是想把她的钱包还给她!结合句意空处应填谓语动
词的形式,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填caught。
Test 5
【2022 年北京卷】Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____17____ (they), they get takeout or 
order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes 
cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 
____19____ (bad). The use of those plastics ____20____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t 
survive if this situation continues.
【答案】17. themselves    18. which    19. worse    20. has increased
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时,也增加了塑料产品的使用,造成了环境污染。
1.考查反身代词。句意:因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭,所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。
空处在句中作介词for 的宾语,当主语和宾语为同一物时,宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词
themselves。故填themselves。
2.考查定语从句。句意:这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子,其中大多数(东西)只有一种用途。分析可知,most 
of ______are only good for one use 在句中为非限制性定语从句;先行词为cups, bottles, and bags,在从句中
作介词of 的宾语,所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。
3.考查比较级。句意:这是个大问题,而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前,所以此处用
worse,故填worse。
4.考查现在完成时。句意:自从2019 年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019,可知此
处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics 为单数含义,助动词用has。故填has increased。
2021 年
Test 1
【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started 
volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic 
garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food.
I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to 
teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a 
company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管). 
I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ 
(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was 
so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of 
plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I 
wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the 
airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
【答案】36. seventh    37. thinking    38. to educate    39. which/that    40. and    41. harmful 
42. excited    43. was    44. representative    45. the
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋,减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。
【36 题详解】
考查序数词。句意:七年级的时候,我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数
词,所以填seventh。
【37 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾,以为那是食物时,我很难过。分析句子结构,
____2____ (think)it is food.用作状语,think 与其逻辑主语many sea animals 之间是主动关系,用现在分词,
所以填thinking。
【38 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构,____3____ (educate) 
people about this problem.用作目的状语,用不定式,所以填to educate。
【39 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:我决定,如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料,我就给它发邮件,敦促它减少使用
塑料。分析句子结构, ____4____ used a lot of plastic 是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a company,关系词在
从句中作主语,指物,用which 或that 引导该从句,所以填which 或that。
【40 题详解】
考查连词。句意:我找到了这家公司的联系方式,并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“ found”和“emailed”
之间是并列关系,用and 连接两个并列的谓语动词,所以填and。
【41 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:我告诉他塑料对环境的危害,并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how 引导的感叹
句,how 之后接形容词,所以填harmful。
【42 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:当他给我回信时,我很兴奋。该空作was 之后的表语,用形容词,修饰人,用v+ed 形
式的形容词,所以填excited。
【43 题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓
语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复
数结构中,谓语动词用单数,所以填was。
【44 题详解】
考查名词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200 个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空
作句子主语,用名词,前面有不定冠词修饰,用名词单数,所以填representative。
【45 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200 个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。 特指
“1200 个航班的塑料杯”,用定冠词,所以填the。
Test 2
【2021 年全国甲卷】The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long 
history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been 
completely restored (修复). It is possible  ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of 
people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time 
for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ 
did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it 
in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the 
local people going about their ____50____ (day) routines.
【答案】41. was built    42. in    43. to walk    44. spending   45. better    46. hired 
47. but    48. the    49. watchtowers    50. daily
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。
【41 题详解】
考查被动语态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知,空
格处为谓语,动词build 和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),根据句意和时间状语the Tang 
dynasty 可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,主语it 为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填was built。
【42 题详解】
考查介词。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知,表示
“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。
【43 题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意:在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后,我们决定是时候采取行动了,还有什么比骑
在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知,此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”,it 为形式主语,动词walk 的不定
式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。
【44 题详解】
考查动名词。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一些行动了,
还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知,此处After 为介词,故spend 应用其动名词形式作介词宾
语。故填spending。
【45 题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一些
行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连(介)词than 可知,此处应用形容词good 的
比较级。故填better。
【46 题详解】
考查时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,根据上下文可知,
此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。
【47 题详解】
考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃,但还可以骑。后文did the job 和前文My bike was old and 
shaky 之间存在转折关系,故用表示转折的连词but 连接。故填but。
【48 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3 个小时。结合句意表示“一直;完全地”可知短语为all 
the way,故用定冠词the 限定名词way。故填the。
【49 题详解】
考查名词复数。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照,或者只
是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different 可知,此处可数名词watchtower 是复
数概念,应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。
【50 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照,或者只是
看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines 应用day 的形容词daily,作定语,修饰名词。故填
daily。
Test 3
【2021 年浙江卷6 月】It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's 
home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ (prove)irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. 
Beautifully restored(修复)to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 
years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 
___38___ (marry)ceremony in 1842. 
When the house was built, it was much ___39___ (small)than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little 
home ___40___ (paint)white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house 
was a reflection of ___41___ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order. 
Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time 
neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, 
often came over ___43___ (plant)flowers in the front yard. 
___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 
Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented 
the house and ____45____ (sell)most of their furniture.
【答案】36. has proved/has proven    37. for    38. marriage    39. smaller    40. was painted 
41. herself    42. neither    43. to plant    44. The    45. sold
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子
的变迁历史。
【36 题详解】
考查动词。句意:它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象,但林肯在伊利诺伊
州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家,自从向公众开放以来,就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可
知,设空处作谓语动词,Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois 作主语;结合句意及设空处后的时
间状语从句since it opened to the public 可知,此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,符合现在完成时
概念,故设空处用现在完成时;现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词;主语Lincoln’s home in downtown 
Springfield Illinois 是第三人称单数,所以助动词用has,提示词prove 的过去分词形式是proved 或
proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。
【37 题详解】
考查介词。句意:1844 年,他们以1200 美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查
尔斯·德莱瑟在1842 年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格,意为
“以……价格买某物”。故填for。
【38 题详解】
考查名词。句意:1844 年,他们以1200 美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查
尔斯·德莱瑟在1842 年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知,此处要用名词形式;结
合设空处后的ceremony,可知此处意为“婚礼”;提示词marry 意为“婚姻”,其名词形式为marriage,
marriage ceremony 意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。
【39 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much 和设空后的than 可知,此处考查
形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than,提示词small 的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。
【40 题详解】
考查被动语态。句意:这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,The little home
作主语。结合句意及常识可知,房子是“被漆”的,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态;
根据上文的was built 可知,此处为一般过去时态;一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词;主
语The little home 是单数第三人称,所以要用was,提示词paint 的过去分词形式是painted。故填was 
painted。
【41 题详解】
考查代词。句意:她非常漂亮,她的房子是她自己的写照,一切都很有品位,井井有条。根据句意可知,
此处意为“她自己”,可知此处考查反身代词;提示词she 的反身代词是herself。故填herself。
【42 题详解】
考查连词。句意:虽然玛丽喜欢花,但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知,此处考查连词结
构“neither…nor…”,意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
【43 题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意:玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知,设空处
作状语;根据句意可知,此处是目的状语;目的状语用动词不定式表示;提示词plant 的不定式形式为to 
plant。故填to plant。
【44 题详解】
考查冠词。句意:林肯夫妇在1856 年把房子扩大到了整整两层,以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根
据句意可知,此处意为“林肯一家”;根据设空后的Lincolns 可知,此处考查“the+姓氏复数”,表示夫
妇俩,或者一家人。设空处位于句首,所以首字母要大写。故填The。
【45 题详解】
考查动词。句意:1861 年林肯当选美国总统后,他们租了房子,卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知,
设空处和前面的动词rented 一起做并列谓语;根据时间状语1861 可知,此处用一般过去时态,提示词sell
的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。
2020 年
Test 1
【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】In ancient China lived an artist61.  paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s 
reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great 
artists to come and present their 62.  (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would63. 
(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old 
man told him to travel to the Li River~perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 64.  (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65.  he asked the villagers on the banks of the 
river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66.  (point) down the river. The next 
morning he hired a boat and set out 67.  (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 68.  (gentle) 
along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white 
waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft 
clouds69.  (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the 
greatest artist 70.  earth, Mother Nature.
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生,有一天他将画送给宰相时,这位睿智的老
人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界
上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。
61. 考查定语从句。句意:中国古代有一位画家,他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词
artist,且先行词在从句中作定语,故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
62. 考查最高级。句意:一天,皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像,于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来,展示他们
最好的作品,以便他挑选最好的。结合句意,皇帝想要画家最好的作品,表示“最好的”此处应用形容词
最高级finest。故填finest。
63. 考查动词语态。句意:画家确信他会被选中,但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时,这位老人笑了。
本句中主语he 与谓语动词choose 构成被动关系,且would 后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
64. .考查名词。句意:怀着好奇心,艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with 为介词,后跟名词curiosity 作宾语,表
示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
65. 考查连接词。句意:当他问河岸上的村民,他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指着河的
下游。本句为时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,且从句中动词asked 为短暂性动作动词,不能用while
引导,故应用when 或as 引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
66. 考查动词时态。句意:当他问河岸上的村民,他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指着河
的下游。根据上文they smiled and 可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
67. 考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出
发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.,后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
68. 考查副词。句意:当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时,山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词
moved 应用副词gently 作状语,表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
69. 考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起,山顶上乌云环绕,他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子
结构可知,the soft clouds  69   (surround) the mountain tops 是独立主格结构做状语,surround 在句中应用
非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语clouds 构成主动关系,故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
70. 考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示
“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。
Test 2
【2020 年北京卷】Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___1___(play) a big role in his 
life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for 
his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to 
have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible.
【答案】1. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing    2. lucky    3. if/whether
【解析】本文是记叙文,主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。
【1 题详解】
考查时态。句意:他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态,也可以表示从过去一直
到现在延续的状态,所以可以用现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时和现在完成进行时。故填plays/has 
played/is playing/has been playing。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:奥利弗说,如果你足够幸运,身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be 动词,所以空处填
形容词做表语。故填lucky。
【3 题详解】
考查连词。句意:问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句,从句
成分完整,但缺“是否”的意思,故填if/whether。
2019 年
Test 1
【2019
Ⅱ
年全国卷】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's 
oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the 
pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 
___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award,proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___ 
(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said,“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and 
seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ 
because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as 
to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got 
a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed,we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter 
and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).”
【答案】61. being    62. which    63. finally    64. declared    65. to retire 
66. have made    67. but    68. saying    69. a    70. wonderful
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。讲述了九十高龄的Irene 作为英国最年长的全职员工,依然在宠物店做着朝
九晚五的工作,没有退休的打算,她被颁发 “年度女士”称号。
61.【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for 可知,此处用动名词形式作宾语,故填being。
62.【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词为the pet shop,在非限制性定语从句中作
opened 一词的宾语,故用which。
63.【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知,此处应用副词形式作状语,修饰谓语动词have been 
acknowledged,意为“最终得以认可”,故填finally。
64.【解析】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知,该句主语为Irene,此处为谓语成分,根据后文had 以及
said 可知用一般过去时态,故填declared。
65.【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth 做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“…的计划”,
故填to retire。
66.【解析】考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中
时间状语“over the years”可知,此处用现在完成时态,
句意:我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
67.【解析】考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知,此处为转折关系,句意:我工作不是因为我不得不做,而
是因为我想做。此处用but 与前文not 呼应,构成“不是…而是 …”之意,故填but。
68.【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知,此处用现在分词形式saying 作后置定语,解
释名词call 的内容,call 与say 是主动关系,故填saying。
69.【解析】考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知,此处joke 为泛指,故填a。
70.【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知,在系动词is 之后用形容词形式作表语,故填
wonderful。
Test 2
【2019 年北京卷】On the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I 
___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be 
yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real 
world. Nervously ___2___   (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be 
yourself”.
【答案】1. voiced    2. facing    3. myself
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者一年级对交友感到困惑,妈妈的话让他受益终身。
1.考查时态。句意:我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧,“我将如何交朋友?”此处的voice 是动词,“表达”
的意思,作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情,用过去式。故填voiced。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析
句式可知,此处是做句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用现
在分词作状语。故填facing。
3.考查代词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语
是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时,宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
2018 年
Test 1
【2018 年全国Ⅲ卷】I'm not sure _____61_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that 
suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. 
Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That 
makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the ___63___(loud)of all. The noise 
shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to 
avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was 
searching ___67___ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and 
my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____68____(they) alive. True to a 
gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____69____(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king 
of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____70____ (stay)and 
watch.
【答案】61. which    62. the    63. loudest    64. looking    65. challenged 
66. scientist    67. for      68. them    69. meant    70. to stay
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩,彼此惊恐的经历。
61. 考查宾语从句。句意:我不确定哪一个更害怕,我,还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从
句,空格处表示选择,所以用which 表示“哪一个”
62. 考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of,此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。
63. 考查最高级。根据后面的of all 可知,他声音最大,所以用最高级loudest。
64. 考查动词。动词avoid 后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。
65. 考查非谓语。根据语境可知,此处表示不直视他的眼睛,他就不会感到被挑战性。feel 为系动词,
表示“被挑战”,用过去分词challenged。
66. 考查名词。根据语境可知,我是一名科学家。scientist 科学家。
67. 考查动词短语搭配。search for 是固定搭配,表示“寻找”,表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只
西部低地大猩猩。
68. 考查代词。此处做find 的宾语,所以用宾格them。
69. 考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知,本句缺少谓语,再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时,
所以用meant。
70. 考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do 允许某人做某事,应该用to stay。
2017 年
Test 1
【2017 年新课标Ⅲ卷】She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is 
looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old 
Sarah is not spending half-term   
   61
    
   (rest). Instead, she is earning £6,500 a day as     62  
 
  model in New 
York. 
   Sarah     63  
 
  (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her 
father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah,     64  
 
  has taken part in shows 
along with top models, wants     65
       (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on 
with her     66  
 
 (educate).
She has turned down several   67  (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After 
school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree     68
      
engineering or architecture. 
Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school     69  
 
 (come) first. I 
don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is     70  
 
 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want 
to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more."
【答案】
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas 在学业和诱人的职业面前所作出的选择,她认为在青少
年时期要把学业放在首位。
61. resting 考查非谓语动词。固定短语:spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事。
62. a 考查冠词。model 是可数名词,前面没有限定词,而此处泛指 "一个",故填a。
63. was told / has been told 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可判断出谓语动词应该用一般过去时或现
在完成时的被动形式,又因主语Sarah 是第三人称单数,故填was told / has been told。
64. who 考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为Sarah,指人,要用who。
65. to prove 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。
66. education 考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。
67. invitations 考查名词单复数。several 修饰可数名词复数形式,故填invitations。
68. in 考查介词。in 表示"在某方面",获得某学位"get a degree in…"。
69. comes 考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah 认为当下应该是学业第一,说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。
70. certainly 考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式,故填certainly。
Test 2
【2017 年浙江卷】Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a 
handful of small  
  56
   
  (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she 
noticed a  
  57
   
  (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed  
  58
   
  loudly that her daughter came running from the house. "She thought I had hurt  
59
   
  (I)," says Pahlsson.
Sixteen years  
  60
   
  (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring  
  6 1  
  (cook) a meal.When she wanted 
to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six 
— had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband  
  62
   
  (search) the kitchen, checking 
every corner, but turned up nothing."I gave up hope of finding my ring again, "she says. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got  
  63
   
  (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and 
was spread over the garden,  
  64
   
  it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. 
For Pahlsson, its return was  
  65
   
  wonder.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson 在花园里拔胡萝卜时,找到了丢失已久的
结婚戒指的故事。
56. carrots 【解析】考查名词。根据"a handful of "可知要用carrot 的复数形式,故填carrots。
57. shiny/shining 【解析】考查形容词。a 为冠词,object 为名词,横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny 或
shining。
58. so 【解析】考查固定结构。根据空后的"loudly that her daughter came running from the house"可知这
里为so…that 结构,意为"如此……以至于",故填so。
59. myself 【解析】考查代词。主语为I,横线处为宾语,根据语境可知这里指她以为"我"弄伤了自己。
故填myself。
60. earlier 【解析】考查形容词。这里指早在十六年前,故填earlier。
61. to cook 【解析】考查动词不定式。一个句子不能出现双重谓语,所以此处要用不定式作目的状语。故
填to cook。
62. searched 【解析】考查动词时态。根据"but turned up nothing"可知这里是叙述过去发生的事情,要用
一般过去时,故填searched。
63. swept 【解析】考查动词。ring 与sweep 之间是被动关系,要用被动语态。故填swept。
64. where 【解析】考查连接词。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导定语从句,定语从句中缺少地点状语,
先行词为the garden,表示地点,故填关系副词where。
65. a 【解析】考查冠词。wonder 是可数名词的单数形式,且此处表示泛指,因此其前应加不定冠词a。
故填a。
2016 年
Test 1
【2016 年新课标Ⅰ卷】Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new 
hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top     61    (attract).
     So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay 
for research. I     
 
 62    
 
 (allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I 
will be their UK ambassador. The title will be    63    (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my 
connection with pandas goes back     64     my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,     
 
 65    
 
  I was the 
first Western TV reporter     
 
 66    
 
  (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in 
the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include     67    (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at 
Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.  
     On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by     68    (it) mother. 
The nursery team switches him every few    69    (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-
fed,     
  70    
 
  other is with mum — she never suspects.
【答案】61. attraction     
62. was allowed    
63. 
officially 
 
 
64. to       
65. when
66. permitted
67. introducing         
68. its
69. days
70. the
【解析】试题分析:
61. attraction  考查名词。 形容词top 后面跟名词形式。
62. was allowed 考查时态和语态。根据句意作者是被允许走近这些动物。
63. officially 考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。
64. to  考查介词。go back to "回到"。
65. when 考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句,缺少状语,先行词是时间故填when。
66. permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰名词和permit 之间是被动关系,用过去分词。
67. introducing 考查现在分词。介词后面用动名词。
68. its 考查代词。指代前面的twin,用its。
69. days 考查名词复数。few 修饰复数名词。
70. the 考查冠词。one …the other"一个……另一个"。
Test 2
【2016 年四川卷】The giant panda  
  6 1  
   (love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists  
  6 2  
(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very  
  6 3  
   (care) mother. 
For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something  
  6 4  
   (eat)! She would not let any other pandas 
come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural  
  6 5  
   (enemy) that 
would try to eat the little panda. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.  
  6 6  
it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young 
panda  
  6 7   
   more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed  
  6 8   
   (it) mother for food. 
However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother  
6  9   
  (drive) the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby,  
  7 0  
   it was also time for the young 
panda to be independent.
【答案】61.is loved   62.recently   63.caring/careful  64.to eat          65.enemies 
66.When/If   67.for       68.its           69.drove          70.and
【解析】试题分析:本文讲的是熊猫妈妈和她的孩子的故事。
61.is loved 句意:大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢。根据句意可知用一般现在时的被动语态,The giant panda 是
单数第三人称形式,故填is loved。
62.recently  副词修饰动词,故填recently。
63.caring/careful  此处是现在分词或形容词作定语,放在名词前面,故填caring/careful。
64.to eat  句意:甚至不去找吃的东西!此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语,故填to eat。
65.enemies  句意:任何气味都可能引来天敌。天敌不止一个,应该用复数形式,故填enemies。
66.When/If  句意:如果/当它哭的时候,熊猫妈妈会前后摇动。故填When/If。
67.for   句意:妈妈继续照顾小熊猫两年多。此处表示一段时间,故填for。
68.its    句意:小熊猫不再需要它妈妈的食物。形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填its。
69.drove  句意:然后,两年半后妈妈赶小熊猫离开。根据句意可知用一般过去时态,故填drove。
70.and  句意:现在是熊猫妈妈该有一个小宝宝的时间了,同时也是小熊猫该独立的时间了。此处表示并
列,前后位顺承关系,故填and。