专题21 完形填空
考点
十年考情（2015-2024）
命题趋势
考点1 完形填空
（10 年57 篇）
1. 动词及动词短语（约 35%）
- 2025 全国 Ⅰ 卷：empty out（清空）、
pack up（整理）、pick up（接载）
- 2024 新课标 Ⅰ 卷：turn to（转向）、
dream of（梦想）、pass by（超过）
- 2023 新高考 Ⅰ 卷：carry（携带）、
escape（逃脱）、rush to（冲向）
2. 名词（约 25%）
- 2025 全国 Ⅱ 卷：passion（热情）、
determination（决心）、inspiration（灵感）
- 2024 浙江 1 月卷：encounter（邂逅）、
curiosity（好奇）、judgment（判断）
- 2022 全国乙卷：mess（混乱）、faith（信
念）、bond（纽带）
3. 形容词与副词（约 20%）
- 2025 北京卷：desperate（迫切的）、
ashamed（羞愧的）、tearfully（含泪地）
- 2023 全国甲卷：warm-hearted（热心
的）、grateful（感激的）、gradually（逐渐
地）
- 2021 新高考 Ⅰ 卷：thrilled（兴奋的）、
relieved（宽慰的）、cautiously（谨慎地）
4. 固定搭配与熟词僻义（约 20%）
- 2025 浙江 1 月卷：sign up（注册）、pair
with（搭配）、reserve for（为…… 保留）
- 2024 新课标 Ⅱ 卷：come up with（想
出）、accompany by（伴随）、struggle with
（挣扎）
- 2022 全国甲卷：take off（起飞；突然成
功）、hold back（抑制）、count on（依
靠）
1. 侧重语境中的词义辨析：不再单
纯考查词汇本义，而是要求结合上
下文判断词义。例如 2025 全国
Ⅰ 卷中spare（免去）需通过 “避
免垃圾填埋” 的语境理解，而非
“空闲” 的常见义。
2. 高频词汇重复考查，注重一词多
义：核心词汇如get、take、make
等在不同语境中反复出现，考查其
搭配（如get over、take up、make
out）和僻义（如make it 表示 “成
功”）。
3. 新增社会热点相关词汇：结合环
保、科技、心理健康等话题，出现
sustainability（可持续性）、well-
being（幸福）、digital（数字的）
等词汇，强调词汇的时代性。
4. 加强固定搭配与语境逻辑关联：
动词短语（如turn down、break
in）和介词搭配（如in case、on
behalf of）的考查频率上升，要求
考生通过句间逻辑（因果、转折）
判断搭配合理性。
5. 重视情感类词汇的精准运用：描
述人物心理和情感的词汇（如
anxious、relieved、frustrated）占比
增加，需结合情节发展和人物性格
选择最贴合语境的词。
2025 年
Cloze 1
【2025 全国一卷】One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen
daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had
spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what
we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with
things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting
additional 46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0)
and reposted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house
and left happily with the vase.
49 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light in the
chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another person I
might not otherwise have 52 .
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54 in
knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 something that couldn’t come with us.
41．A．painting over
B．looking around
C．emptying out
D．pulling down
42．A．hotel
B．office
C．cottage
D．apartment
43．A．store
B．display
C．sell
D．repair
44．A．covered
B．decorated
C．stuffed
D．equipped
45．A．conventional
B．valuable
C．complicated
D．tolerable
46．A．fees
B．photos
C．receipts
D．models
47．A．move
B．pay
C．market
D．work
48．A．warning
B．request
C．description
D．reply
49．A．Confused
B．Interested
C．Disappointed
D．Encouraged
50．A．visits
B．reports
C．advice
D．money
51．A．remove
B．spare
C．find
D．check
52．A．investigated
B．recognized
C．encountered
D．recommended
53．A．giveaways
B．posts
C．contributions
D．belongings
54．A．joy
B．part
C．care
D．time
55．A．anticipating
B．appreciating
C．delivering
D．withdrawing
【答案】
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．A
51．B 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23 年
时间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting over 粉刷覆盖；B. looking around 环顾四周；C. emptying out 清空；
D. pulling down 拆除。根据上文“My husband and I had just sold our house”和下文“the beloved home our
family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。
故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东
西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. hotel 酒店；B. office 办公室；C. cottage 小屋；D.
apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。
故选D。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东
西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. store 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D.
repair 修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知，此处指租地方
是为了存放重要物品。故选A。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填
埋场的东西。A. covered 覆盖的；B. decorated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上文
“rented a place to 3 our supposedly important objects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处指房子里仍塞
满物品。故选C。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填
埋场的东西。A. conventional 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. complicated 复杂的；D. tolerable 可容忍
的。根据上文“while not particularly”以及下文“didn’t belong in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应
丢弃的物品。故选B。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；
B. photos 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. models 模型。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase”及“additional”可
推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0 美元）并重新发布了它。
A. move 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. work 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可
推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request
请求；C. description 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online”以及下
文“I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Confused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣的；
C. Disappointed 失望的；D. Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house
and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵
的光芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reports 报告；C. advice 建议；D. money 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a woman
raced into my house”以及“My daily posts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原
本可能不会遇到的人。A. remove 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语
境以及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare 引申为
“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原
本可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recognized 认出；C. encountered 遇见；D. recommended
推荐。根据上文“another person I might not otherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感
到高兴。故选C。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A.
giveaways 赠品；B. posts 帖子；C. contributions 贡献；D. belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I
sit in my apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，
我感到很快乐。A. joy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“loving
each of the 13 that share our small space.”以及下文“in knowing that, somewhere nearby”可推知，此处指作
者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，
我感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根
据上文“I take 13 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with us”可
推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。
Cloze 2
【2025 全国二卷】Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years
ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43
led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn
her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46
for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set
of muscles but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look
this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51
others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do
not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in
the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 for many social media users.
41．A．write
B．travel
C．exercise
D．recover
42．A．goodwill
B．timeout
C．long-distance
D．wake-up
43．A．normally
B．ultimately
C．suddenly
D．automatically
44．A．change
B．fortune
C．wish
D．deal
45．A．risky
B．traditional
C．comfortable
D．healthy
46．A．demand
B．secret
C．passion
D．cure
47．A．peace
B．fitness
C．fun
D．nature
48．A．grow
B．control
C．activate
D．relax
49．A．need
B．choice
C．reason
D．difference
50．A．green light
B．road block
C．passing mark
D．stepping stone
51．A．Help
B．Consult
C．Follow
D．Forgive
52．A．accepted
B．shared
C．expected
D．celebrated
53．A．goal
B．case
C．duty
D．cost
54．A．instructors
B．admirers
C．beginners
D．doubters
55．A．authority
B．excuse
C．inspiration
D．option
【答案】
41．C 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．D 46．C 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．D
51．A 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65 岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，
消除网络质疑的故事。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write 写作；B.
travel 旅行；C. exercise 锻炼；D. recover 康复。根据下文的“
Determined to turn her life
around, Ms Donohue began to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. goodwill 善意、
友好；B. timeout 超时；C. long-distance 长途；D. wake-up 唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been
struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选D。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A.
normally 通常；B. ultimately 最终；C. suddenly 突然；D. automatically 自动地。根据上文“She’d been
struggling with eating disorders and health issues”以及下文“led her to getting surgery”可推知，此处指健康问
题最终导致手术。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change 改变；B. fortune 幸
运；C. wish 愿望；D. deal 交易。根据上文“led her to getting surgery”及后文“turn her life around”可推知，
此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之
后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky 有风险的；B. traditional 传统的；C. comfortable 舒适的；D. healthy 健
康的。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后
她发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand 要求；B. secret 秘密；C. passion 激情，热情；D. cure 疗法、药物。根
据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle”以及下文的“for weightlifting”可推知，此
处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还
在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace 和平；B. fitness 健身；C. fun 乐趣；D. nature 自然。根据下文
“workout content”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还
在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow 形成，产生；B. control 控制；C. activate 激活；D. relax 放松。
根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起
来这么好。A. need 需要；B. choice 选择；C. reason 理由；D. difference 差异。根据上文“no”以及下文
“others can’t look this good”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。
50．考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light 绿灯；
B. road block 路障；C. passing mark 通过标志；D. stepping stone 踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-
liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good.”和“failure
as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help 帮助；B. Consult 咨询；C.
Follow 遵循；D. Forgive 原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted 接受；B. shared 共享；C. expected 期待；D.
celebrated 庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s
no ___9___ others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没
理由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自
己感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. goal 目标；B. case 案例；C. duty 责任；D. cost 成本。根据上文“you
do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指运动
的目标是感觉良好。故选A。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证
明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors 讲师；B. admirers 爱慕者；
C. beginners 初学者；D. doubters 持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being
too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指Donohue
女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证
明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authority 权威；B. excuse 借口；C.
inspiration 灵感；D. option 选项。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65 岁的老奶奶
坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社
交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。
Cloze 3
【2025 浙江1 月卷】Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-
year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal,
and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro 44 €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours.
For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food, 46 new
recipes and holding dinner parties.
“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro.
Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49
dinner courses with her favorite beers.
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50 to a
restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no
52 .
“But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,”
Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to
discover new experiences.”
41．A．reading
B．traveling
C．cooking
D．teaching
42．A．hobby
B．energy
C．education
D．money
43．A．coworkers
B．students
C．relatives
D．strangers
44．A．pays
B．charges
C．owes
D．raises
45．A．pursuing
B．choosing
C．discussing
D．changing
46．A．passing on
B．trying out
C．going over
D．taking down
47．A．hire
B．help
C．meet
D．train
48．A．in addition to
B．in return for
C．in honor of
D．in line with
49．A．replaces
B．tastes
C．orders
D．pairs
50．A．opposed
B．related
C．subject
D．vital
51．A．invaluable
B．impersonal
C．unsuitable
D．unprofessional
52．A．surprise
B．end
C．need
D．problem
53．A．lesson
B．pleasure
C．success
D．challenge
54．A．celebrate
B．record
C．attend
D．organise
55．A．selected
B．reserved
C．evaluated
D．requested
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．C 49．D 50．A
51．B 52．A 53．D 54．D 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Manuela Ribeiro 将自己的烹饪爱好发展成副业，通过在
Bookalokal 网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，与陌生人分享美食并结交新朋友的故事。
41．考查名词词义辨析：句意：Manuela Ribeiro 有一种健康的癖好。那就是烹饪。A. reading 阅读；B.
traveling 旅行；C. cooking 烹饪；D. teaching 教学。根据下文“She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and
now welcomes
3
into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties”可知，她现在在Bookalokal
网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，由此推知她的嗜好是烹饪。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析：句意：几个月前，这位30 岁的老师决定是时候好好利用她的爱好了。A. hobby 爱
好；B. energy 精力；C. education 教育；D. money 钱。根据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction.
It’s 1 .”可知，她的爱好是烹饪，此处指好好利用她的烹饪爱好。故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析：句意：她在Bookalokal 网站上注册了，现在每周两次欢迎陌生人到她布鲁塞尔的
公寓来参加晚宴。A. coworkers 同事；B. students 学生；C. relatives 亲戚；D. strangers 陌生人。根据下文
“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to
7
new people”可知，这是一个分享她
对食物的热爱和结识新朋友的好机会，由此推知她欢迎陌生人到她的公寓参加晚宴。故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对于通常一顿可能持续长达三个小时的三道菜的晚餐，Ribeiro 向每人收取
35 欧元。A. pays 支付；B. charges 收费；C. owes 欠；D. raises 提高，筹集。根据下文“€35 per person for
what is usually a three-course meal”可知，这是Manuela Ribeiro 为客人提供的晚餐的收费标准，即每人收费
35 欧元。故选B。
45．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对Ribeiro 来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴
这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. pursuing 追求；B. choosing 选择；C. discussing 讨论；D. changing 改变。根
据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 1 .”可知，Manuela Ribeiro 热爱烹饪，所以此处想表达
的是“追求她购买食材的爱好”。故选A。
46．考查动词短语辨析：句意：对Ribeiro 来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴
这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. passing on 传递；B. trying out 尝试；C. going over 复习；D. taking down 记下。
根据下文“new recipes”可知，此处表示尝试新食谱。故选B。
47．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这是一个分享我对食物的热情以及结识新朋友的好机会。” Ribeiro 说。
A. hire 雇佣；B. help 帮助；C. meet 遇见，结识；D. train 训练。根据下文“This platform is not only
15
for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”可知，这个平台不仅适合专业厨
师，也适合那些愿意探索新体验的人，由此可推测出Manuela Ribeiro 通过这个平台可以认识新朋友。故选
C。
48．考查介词短语辨析。句意：有时她准备传统的巴西菜肴，以纪念她的祖国；有时她会用她最喜欢的啤
酒搭配晚餐。A. in addition to 除……外（还）；B. in return for 作为……的回报；C. in honor of 为了纪念；
D. in line with 符合。根据下文“her native home”以及语境可知，为了纪念她的祖国，Ribeiro 会准备传统的
巴西菜肴。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析：句意：有时她会按照她的家乡巴西的传统准备传统的巴西菜肴；有时她会把晚餐
菜肴和她最喜欢的啤酒搭配起来。A. replaces 代替；B. tastes 品尝；C. orders 订购；D. pairs 配对，搭配。
根据下文“dinner courses with her favorite beers”可知，此处表示用Ribeiro 最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。故选
D。
50．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro 能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，
在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. opposed 相反
的，对立的；B. related 相关的；C. subject 受…… 支配的；D. vital 至关重要的。根据下文“to a restaurant
where the service is”可知，此处是将在平台上做饭和开餐厅进行对比，表示两者是相反的。故选A。
51．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro 能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，
在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. invaluable 无
价的；B. impersonal 没有人情味的；C. unsuitable 不合适的；D. unprofessional 不专业的。根据下文“the
menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no
12
”可知，菜单是提前知道的，而且饭
菜没有什么惊喜，说明餐厅的服务是没有人情味的。故选B。
52．考查名词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro 能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在
餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. surprise 惊喜；
B. end 结束；C. need 需要；D. problem 问题。根据上文“the menu is known in advance”可知，菜单是提前
知道的，由此推知饭菜没有什么惊喜。故选A。
53．考查名词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时
间。” Ribeiro 说。A. lesson 教训；B. pleasure 快乐；C. success 成功；D. challenge 挑战。根据下文“it can
sometimes take days to
14
a single event”可知，有时组织一个活动可能需要几天的时间，这是一件
具有挑战性的事情。故选D。
54．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时
间。” Ribeiro 说。A. celebrate 庆祝；B. record 记录；C. attend 参加；D. organise 组织。根据下文“a single
event”可知，此处指组织一个活动。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这个平台不仅是为专业厨师保留的，也是为那些愿意发现新体验的人准
备的。”A. selected 选择；B. reserved 保留；C. evaluated 评估；D. requested 请求。根据下文“for
professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences”可知，这个平台不仅为专业厨师保留，
而且也为那些愿意发现新体验的人保留，应用be reserved for。故选B。
Cloze 4
【2025 北京卷】At 15, I excelled academically yet felt overshadowed and unnoticed. The ____1____ to
stand out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision.
One day, during a class in the IT lab with my classmates, our teacher mentioned missing computer parts.
____2____ looks exchanged, everyone wondered how it could happen in a(n) ____3____ lab. “It’s possible to
open that lock with another key,” I said. Instantly, eyes turned to me with newfound interest and curiosity. It was a
rush I had never experienced before. Enjoying all the eyes on me, I ____4____ how to open the lock.
Little did I realize that single moment would ruin everything.
The following day, called to the headmaster’s office, I found myself accused of stealing the missing parts. “I
didn’t do it, sir,” I argued, but suspicion ____5____ his eyes. His repeated ____6____ intensified, pushing me to
the edge of fear and tears. In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure, I ____7____ confessed (承认).
The headmaster asked my father to come to school, whose shaky faith in me brought a mix of relief and
____8____. My father gently asked me if I understood the gravity of my actions. ____9____, I confessed my
misguided longing for recognition. In the headmaster’s office, my father listened attentively, and then spoke with
quiet authority: “I trust my son. He is not a thief.”
With my father’s support, I learned a valuable lesson: ____10____ cannot be forced; true recognition comes
from honourable acts.
1. A. promise
B. competition
C. desire
D. hesitation
2. A. Curious
B. Hopeful
C. Distant
D. Envious
3. A. expensive
B. locked
C. modern
D. abandoned
4. A. discovered
B. recommended
C. demonstrated
D. imagined
5. A. caught
B. clouded
C. hurt
D. brightened
6. A. questioning
B. reminding
C. complaining
D. requesting
7. A. warmly
B. readily
C. randomly
D. falsely
8. A. pride
B. patience
C. shame
D. surprise
9. A. Generously
B. Tearfully
C. Carelessly
D. Strangely
10. A. tolerance
B. gratitude
C. sympathy
D. attention
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了15 岁的作者为了引起关注分享开锁方法，却被怀疑偷电脑
零件，在校长逼问下作者被迫承认，最后父亲表示相信作者，作者也明白了真正的认可来自高尚行为的道
理。1.【答案】
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：引起注意的欲望吞噬着我，促使我做出了一个令人遗憾的决定。A.
promise 承诺；B. competition 竞争；C. desire 欲望；D. hesitation 犹豫。根据前文“ At 15, I excelled
academically yet felt overshadowed and unnoticed.”可知，作者学业优秀却感觉不被关注，所以有引起注意
的欲望。故选C 项。
2.【答案】
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发
生这种事。A. Curious 好奇的；B. Hopeful 有希望的；C. Distant 遥远的；D. Envious 嫉妒的。根据后文
“everyone wondered how it could happen”可知，大家对电脑零件丢失这件事感到好奇。故选A 项。
3.【答案】
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发
生这种事。A. expensive 昂贵的；B. locked 锁着的；C. modern 现代的；D. abandoned 废弃的。根据后文
“It’s possible to open that lock with another key”可知，实验室是锁着的。故选B 项。
4.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：享受着所有人的目光，我演示了如何开锁。A. discovered 发现；B.
recommended 推荐；C. demonstrated 演示；D. imagined 想象。根据前文作者的话“It’s possible to open that
lock with another key”和“Instantly, eyes turned to me with newfound interest and curiosity.”可知，作者知道
如何用其它钥匙开锁，为了享受大家的关注，所以演示了开锁方法。故选C 项。
5.【答案】
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没做，先生，”我争辩道，但他的眼中充满了怀疑。A. caught 抓
住；B. clouded 使模糊，笼罩，显得阴沉（或恐惧、愤怒等）；C. hurt 伤害；D. brightened 使明亮。根据前
文“I found myself accused of stealing the missing parts.”可知，校长怀疑作者，怀疑的神色笼罩在他眼中，
眼中显示出怀疑的神色。故选B 项。
6.【答案】
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他反复的询问加剧了，把我逼到了恐惧和流泪的边缘。A. questioning
询问；B. reminding 提醒；C. complaining 抱怨；D. requesting 请求。根据前文“His repeated”和后文
“pushing me to the edge of fear and tears”可知，校长反复询问作者，让作者感到害怕。故选A 项。
7.【答案】
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了摆脱不断增加的压力，我谎称自己有罪。A. warmly 热情地；B.
readily 乐意地；C. randomly 随机地；D. falsely 错误地，不实地。根据前文“I didn’t do it, sir”可知，作者
没偷东西，结合“In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure”可知，作者为了摆脱压力，所以虚
假地承认。故选D 项。
【8 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：校长请父亲来学校一趟，他对我不太坚定的信任让我既感到一丝宽慰，又觉得
羞愧难当。A. pride 骄傲；B. patience 耐心；C. shame 羞愧；D. surprise 惊讶。根据前文“In a desperate
attempt to escape the mounting pressure, I ___7____ confessed (承认).”和“The headmaster asked my father to
come to school”可知，作者被迫承认偷了东西，现在校长请来了父亲。结合常识，父亲的到来会带给处于
困境中的作者一丝宽慰，但同时，作者也会因自己为了引起关注而犯下的错误感到羞愧。故选C 项。
【9 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我泪流满面地承认了自己对认可的错误渴望。A. Generously 慷慨地；B.
Tearfully 含泪地；C. Carelessly 粗心地；D. Strangely 奇怪地。根据前文“pushing me to the edge of fear and
tears”和“In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure, I ___7___confessed (承认).”可知，作者因
为害怕和委屈流泪了，并被迫承认偷了东西。父亲来时，作者是含泪承认自己为了引起关注而犯下的错误。
故选B 项。
【10 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了父亲的支持，我学到了宝贵的一课：关注不能强求；真正的认可来自高尚
的行为。A. tolerance 容忍；B. gratitude 感激；C. sympathy 同情；D. attention 关注。根据前文“At 15, I
excelled academically yet felt overshadowed and unnoticed.”可知，作者一直渴望得到关注，所以这里说关注
不能强求。故选D 项。
2024 年
Cloze 1
【2024 新课标Ⅰ卷】I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started
running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a
“super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be
honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I
decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew to
San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. The
____50____: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never
faced such ____51____. That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.
When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just
have to be my own.
41. A. knew
B. held
C. won
D. quit
42. A. regularly
B. silently
C. proudly
D. recently
43. A. asking
B. looking
C. waiting
D. training
44. A. made
B. believed
C. hated
D. deserved
45. A. advantage
B. achievement
C. contribution
D. influence
46. A. way
B. risk
C. place
D. reason
47. A. gave up
B. went on
C. turned to
D. dealt with
48. A. heard
B. dreamed
C. complained
D. approved
49. A. painted
B. borrowed
C. bought
D. parked
50. A. problem
B. secret
C. principle
D. advice
51. A. dangers
B. events
C. opponents
D. challenges
52. A. passed
B. convinced
C. admired
D. stopped
53. A. reliable
B. convenient
C. familiar
D. appealing
54. A. traveled
B. matured
C. missed
D. worried
55. A. limits
B. dates
C. goals
D. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A
53. D 54. B 55. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，
并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
【41 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew 知道；B. held 抓
住；C. won 赢得；D. quit 退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻
居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C 项。
【42 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly 有规律地；B.
silently 默默地；C. proudly 自豪地；D. recently 最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动力，
所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A 项。
【43 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的
是52.4 英里的双马拉松。A. asking 要求；B. looking 看；C. waiting 等待；D. training 训练。根据后文
“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。
故选D 项。
【44 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made 制作；B. believed 相信；C. hated 讨厌；D. deserved
值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making
my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles 和女孩一比微
不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C 项。
【45 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑
步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage 优势；B. achievement 成就；C. contribution 贡献；D.
influence 影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可
知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles 做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B 项。
【46 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑
步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way 方式；B. risk 风险；C. place 地方；D. reason 理由。根据后文
“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，
这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D 项。
【47 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up 放弃；B. went on 继续；C. turned to 转向；D.
dealt with 处理。根据前文“I decided that the only 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after
me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C 项。
【48 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard 听到；
B. dreamed 梦想；C. complained 抱怨；D. approved 批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，
此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B 项。
【49 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted 把……描绘成；B.
borrowed 借；C. bought 买；D. parked 停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文
“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B 项。
【50 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem
问题；B. secret 秘密；C. principle 原则；D. advice 建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.
I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A
项。
【51 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers 危险；B. events 事件；C. opponents
对手；D. challenges 挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The roads there went through large valleys
where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选
D 项。
【52 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100 个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A.
passed 超过；B. convinced 说服；C. admired 欣赏；D. stopped 阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such
11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A 项。
【53 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable 可信赖的；B.
convenient 方便的；C. familiar 熟悉的；D. appealing 吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got
12
by
about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100 多人超过，所以此时是觉得
骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D 项。
【54 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled 旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C.
missed 思念；D. worried 担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever
15
I set for myself, they
just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B 项。
【55 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我
自己的。A. limits 限制；B. dates 日期；C. goals 目标；D. tests 测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just
have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。
故选C 项。
Cloze 2
【2024 新课标ⅠⅠ卷】When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I
liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to
___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That
encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I
discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to
___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___28___ of kindness that make
a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy.
Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to
another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can
____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might
have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
21. A. study
B. rent
C. visit
D. settle
22. A. planned
B. struggled
C. refused
D. happened
23. A. string
B. hang
C. mix
D. match
24. A. improved
B. assessed
C. admired
D. praised
25. A. course
B. barrier
C. area
D. test
26. A. open-minded
B. strong-willed
C. warm-hearted
D. well-informed
27. A. remind
B. allow
C. persuade
D. order
28. A. tricks
B. promises
C. acts
D. duties
29. A. ambition
B. success
C. appetite
D. growth
30. A. costume
B. dish
C. symbol
D. tale
31. A. gather
B. cheer
C. leave
D. wait
32. A. put up with
B. stand up for
C. come up with
D. make up for
33. A. signaled
B. confirmed
C. represented
D. accompanied
34. A. disadvantages
B. meanings
C. surprises
D. opportunities
35. A. created
B. forgotten
C. understood
D. identified
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D
34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。
A. study 学习；B. rent 租金；C. visit 游览；D. settle 定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”
以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned 计划；B.
struggled 斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused 拒绝；D. happened 出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to
Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。
【23 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。
A. string 串起、连成一串；B. hang 悬挂；C. mix 混合；D. match 配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian
together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。
A. improved 改进；B. assessed 评估；C. admired 钦佩；D. praised 赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”
以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选
D。
【25 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course 课程；B. barrier 障碍；C. area 区域；
D. test 测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”
可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
【26 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-
minded 思想开明的；B. strong-willed 思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted 热心的；D. well-informed 见多识广的。
根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close
the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。
A. remind 提醒；B. allow 允许；C. persuade 说服；D. order 命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted
Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他
关上车窗。故选A。
【28 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks 技巧；B. promises 承
诺；C. acts 行为；D. duties 职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my
door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选
C。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那
样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition 雄心；B. success 成功；C. appetite 食欲；D. growth 发育。根据上文“As a
foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。
故选C。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A.
costume 服装；B. dish 菜肴；C. symbol 符号；D. tale 故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every
family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选
B。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.
gather 集合；B. cheer 欢呼；C. leave 留下；D. wait 等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and
family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。
【32 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.
put up with 克服；B. stand up for 支持；C. come up with 想出；D. make up for 弥补。根据上文“whatever
other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled 示意；B. confirmed 确认；C.
represented 代表；D. accompanied 伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐
时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问
题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages 缺点；B. meanings 含义；C. surprises 惊喜；D. opportunities 机会。根据上
文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问
题就会被遗忘。A. created 创建；B. forgotten 忘记；C. understood 理解；D. identified 确认。根据上文
“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with
friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不
愉快。故选B。
Cloze 3
【2024 浙江1 月卷】While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in
northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____21____ with a
local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____22____ me on the train. My ____23____ friend spoke
virtually no English, so I happily took the ____24____ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____25____ a two-year professional school to quickly
find a job ____26____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____27____, however, was
the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would
____28____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____29____ as
a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ____30____ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to ____31____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been
more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____32____ , and admirable person
prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____33____ me just how much one can gain from
____34____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____35____ with locals from all walks of life.
21. A. experiment B. encounter
C. competition
D. appointment
22. A. treated
B. saved
C. lectured
D. approached
23. A. true
B. so-called
C. new
D. long-lost
24. A. chance
B. advice
C. trouble
D. right
25. A. visited
B. financed
C. attended
D. founded
26. A. building
B. sweeping
C. checking
D. guarding
27. A. typical
B. obvious
C. natural
D. remarkable
28. A. publish
B. quote
C. сорy
D. download
29. A. writers
B. historians
C. workers
D. students
30. A anticipate
B. imagine
C. recall
D. catch
31. A. look into
B. rely on
C. go over
D. deal with
32. A. well-behaved
B. multi-skilled
C. warm-hearted
D. self-educated
33. A. asked
B. warned
C. showed
D. promised
34. A. traveling
B. reading
C. searching
D. teaching
35 A. cooperate
B. side
C. negotiate
D. engage
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A
35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，
年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20 个小时的火车时，其间我与一
个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A.
experiment 实验；B. encounter 邂逅；C. competition 比赛；D. appointment 任命。根据后文“with a local that
all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated 对待；B. saved 拯救；C.
lectured 演讲；D. approached 靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国
男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。
A. true 真的；B. so-called 所谓的；C. new 新的；D. long-lost 很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese
man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A.
chance 机会；B. advice 建议；C. trouble 麻烦；D. right 权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作
者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅
速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited 拜访；B. financed 提供资金；C.
attended 参加，上(学)；D. founded 成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去
上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅
速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building 修建；B. sweeping 打扫；C. checking
检查；D. guarding 守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公
路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
【27 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学
习。A. typical 典型的；B. obvious 显然的；C. natural 自然的；D. remarkable 引人注目的。根据后文“this
man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几
个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整
体影响。A. publish 出版；B. quote 引用；C. copy 复制；D. download 下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson
passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的
整体影响。A. writers 作者；B. historians 历史学家；C. workers 工人；D. students 学生。根据上文“a
translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you
all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感
兴趣。故选A。
【30 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate 预期；B.
imagine 想象；C. recall 记起；D. catch 抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人
提过的问题。故选C。
【31 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look
into 调查；B. rely on 依靠；C. go over 复习；D. deal with 处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this
highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过
离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
【32 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-
behaved 行为端正的；B. multi-skilled 多技能的；C. warm-hearted 热心的；D. self-educated 自学的。呼应上
文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几
个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行
各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked 询问；B. warned 警告；C. showed 展示；D. promised
承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放
的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行
各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling 旅行；B. reading 阅读；C. searching 搜索；D.
teaching 教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指
带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行
各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate 合作；B. side 边；C. negotiate 协商；D. engage 参
与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with 表示
“与……接触”。故选D。
Cloze 4
【2024 北京卷】I’d just arrived at school, ready for another school day. I was reading a book in the
classroom when there was an ___1___. “Today at 1: 10 there will be auditions (面试) for a musical.” My friends all
jumped up in excitement and asked me, “Will you be going, Amy?” “Sure,” I said. I had no ___2___ in drama, but
I’d try out because my friends were doing it.
At 1:10, there was a ___3___ outside the drama room. Everyone looked energetic. I hadn’t expected I’d be
standing there that morning. But now that I was doing it, I ___4___ felt nervous. What if I wasn’t any good?
I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical. They then ___5___ my singing
skills and asked what role I wanted to play. The teachers were smiling and praising me. I felt like I had a ___6___,
so I said, “A big role.” They said they’d look into it. I started getting really nervous. What if I didn’t get a main
role?
Soon, the cast list was ___7___. My friends checked and came back shouting, “Amy, you got the main role! ”
Sure enough, my name was at the top. I just stared at it and started to ___8___. I was so happy.
After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on stage. It was fun. And when people started
___9___, that gave me a boost of confidence. It stayed with me and made me feel ___10___. I realised that by
trying something new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.
1. A. assignment
B. initiative
C. announcement
D. interview
2. A. hesitancy
B. interest
C. worry
D. regret
3. A. game
B. show
C. play
D. line
4. A. suddenly
B. continuously
C. originally
D. generally
5. A. advertised
B. tested
C. challenged
D. polished
6. A. demand
B. credit
C. dream
D. chance
7. A. traded
B. posted
C. questioned
D. claimed
8 A. well up
B. roll in
C. stand out
D. go off
9. A. whispering
B. arguing
C. clapping
D. stretching
10. A. funnier
B. fairer
C. cleverer
D. braver
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者抱着试一试的心态，参加了音乐剧面试却成功获得了扮
演音乐剧主角的机会，作者在这次经历中体验到了尝试新事物带来的乐趣。
【1 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在教室里看书，这时有一则公告。A. assignment 任务；B. initiative 倡议；
C. announcement 公告；D. interview 面试。根据下文“Today at 1:10 there will be auditions for a musical.”可推
知，此处指作者正在教室里看书，这时作者听到有一则公告。故选C。
【2 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对戏剧没有兴趣，但是因为朋友们都在做，我也决定尝试一下。A. hesitancy
犹豫；B. interest 兴趣；C. worry 担心；D. regret 懊悔。根据下文“But I’d try out because my friends were
doing it”可推知，此处指作者虽然对戏剧没有兴趣，但因为朋友们都在做，所以作者也决定尝试一下。故
选B。
【3 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在1:10 的时候，戏剧室外面排起了队。A. game 游戏；B. show 展览；C. play 游
戏；D. line 队伍。根据下文“Everyone looked energetic. I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that morning.”
可知，此处指戏剧室外面排起了队。故选D。
【4 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是现在我正在排队的时候，我突然感到紧张。A. suddenly 突然；B.
continuously 连续不断地；C. originally 起初；D. generally 通常。根据上文“But now that I was doing it,”以及
下文“What if I wasn’t any good?”可推知，此处指作者在排队的过程中突然感到紧张。故选A。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们测试了我的唱歌技巧，问我想要演什么角色。A. advertised 为……做
广告；B. tested 测验；C. challenged 对……怀疑；D. polished 润色。根据上文“I entered the room and the
teachers made me say some lines from the musical.”以及下文“The teachers were smiling and praising me.”可推
知，此处指作者进入戏剧室后，老师们让作者说几句音乐剧中的台词，测试作者的唱歌技巧，并对作者的
表现很满意。故选B。
【6 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉我有机会，所以我说“一个重要的角色”。A. demand 需求；B. credit 信
用；C. dream 梦想；D. chance 机会。根据上文“The teachers were smiling and praising me.”可知，作者得到
老师的表扬，所以此处指作者觉得自己有机会扮演音乐剧主角。故选D。
【7 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久演员表就被张贴了出来。A. traded 交易；B. posted 张贴；C. questioned 询
问；D. claimed 宣称。根据下文“My friends checked and came back shouting, “Amy, you got the main role!””
以及下文“my name was at the top.”可推知，此处指很快演员表就被张贴了出来，作者在名单最上边。故选
B。
【8 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是盯着它，然后开始情绪开始迸发。A. well up (情绪)迸发；B. roll in (金钱
等)大量涌进；C. stand out 脱颖而出；D. go off 爆炸。根据下文“I was so happy”可推知，此处指作者盯着
演员表看，然后情绪开始迸发，感觉很开心。故选A。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后人们开始鼓掌，这给了我信心。A. whispering 耳语；B. arguing 争吵；C.
clapping 鼓掌；D. stretching 伸展。根据下文“that gave me a boost of confidence”以及常识可推知，此处指
人们的掌声增强了作者的信心。故选C。
【10 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它一直伴随着我，让我感到更勇敢。A. funnier 更有趣的；B. fairer 更公平的；
C. cleverer 更聪明的；D. braver 更勇敢的。根据上文“that gave me a boost of confidence”以及下文“I
realised that by trying something new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.”可推知，
人们的掌声给了作者信心，这使得作者感觉更勇敢，可以走出舒适区，通过尝试新事物获得乐趣。故选
D。
2023 年完形填空记叔文
Cloze 1
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.
Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was
carrying a ____23____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when
a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey
took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let
Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue
could get ____28____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious
injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint
without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just
crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends.
Neither won the race, but the ____35____ of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed
B. followed
C. changed
D. finished
22. A. delay
B. chance
C. trouble
D. excuse
23. A. judge
B. volunteer
C. classmate
D. competitor
24. A. race
B. school
C. town
D. training
25. A. agreed
B. returned
C. stopped
D. promised
26. A. courage
B. aid
C. patience
D. advice
27. A. went away
B. stood up
C. stepped aside
D. bent down
28. A. medical
B. public
C. constant
D. equal
29. A. interrupted
B. assessed
C. identified
D. appreciated
30. A. hunger
B. pain
C. cold
D. tiredness
31. A. worried
B. ashamed
C. confused
D. discouraged
32. A. game
B. problem
C. lesson
D. deal
33. A. leave
B. cure
C. bother
D. understand
34. A. ride
B. test
C. meet
D. show
35. A. secret
B. display
C. benefit
D. exchange
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B
31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey 背着
另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue 过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛。A. designed 设计；B. followed 跟随；C.
changed 改变；D. finished 完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet
to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey 在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，
因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay 延误；B. chance 机
会；C. trouble 麻烦；D. excuse 借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier
than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对
手冲过终点线。故选A。
【23 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge 裁判；B. volunteer 志
愿者；C. classmate 同学；D. competitor 参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-
country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey 跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名
选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race 比赛；B. school 学校；C. town 城镇；D. training 训练。根据第一段的
“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey 跑到比赛的三分之二多
的时候”。故选A。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed 同意；B. returned 回来；C.
stopped 停止；D. promised 答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴
Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey 扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage 勇气；B. aid 帮助；
C. patience 耐心；D. advice 建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助
下向前走。故选B。
【27 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey 弯下腰，让Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后
又走了300 英尺，到Lenoue 接受治疗的地方。A. went away 离开； B. stood up 站起来；C. stepped aside 让
路；D. bent down 弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey 弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的
背上。故选D。
【28 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey 弯下腰，让Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然
后又走了300 英尺，到Lenoue 接受治疗的地方。A. medical 医疗的；B. public 公众的；C. constant 持续不
断的；D. equal 平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue 很疼，所以是要接受治疗，
medical attention 意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue 在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受
了重伤。A. interrupted 打断；B. assessed 评估；C. identified 识别；D. appreciated 感激。根据下文“later
taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey 的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。
A. hunger 饥饿；B. pain 疼痛；C. cold 感冒；D. tiredness 疲劳。根据第5 空前的“began crying in pain”可
知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey 的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选
B。
【31 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried 担
心的；B. ashamed 惭愧的；C. confused 困惑的；D. discouraged 泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just
doing the right thing”可知，Bailey 觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感
到困惑。故选C。
【32 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game 游戏；
B. problem 问题；C. lesson 课；D. deal 交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可
知，Bailey 觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal 意为
“非常重要的事”。故选D。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave 离开；B. cure 治愈；C. bother 打扰；D. understand 理解。
根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300 英尺。
可知，Bailey 看见Lenoue 哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A.
ride 短途旅程；B. test 测试；C. meet 体育比赛；D. show 展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed
in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句
子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret 秘密；B.
display 展示；C. benefit 利益；D. exchange 交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried
her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，
Bailey 背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
Cloze 2
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a
family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___21___. They could not afford to
pay for ___22___ for their dog, Tiffy, and ___23___ wanted to take her with them.
It just ___24___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___25___ to take
Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___26___ Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very ___27___. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I
could tell this was ___28___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___29___ and trust that everything would
_____30_____.
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me _____31_____ Tiffy into the plane. I promised
to take care of Tiffy and _____32_____ them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was _____33_____, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she _____34_____ with Karen
and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so _____35_____ and sent me a nice e-mail
with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
21. A. turn
B. budget
C. schedule
D. connection
22. A. food
B. shelter
C. medicine
D. transportation
23. A. desperately
B. temporarily
C. secretly
D. originally
24. A. appeared
B. proved
C. happened
D. showed
25. A. waited
B. offered
C. hurried
D. failed
26. A. see off
B. look for
C. hand over
D. pick up
27. A. confused
B. nervous
C. annoyed
D. curious
28. A. hard
B. fine
C. common
D. lucky
29. A. coworker
B. passenger
C. stranger
D. neighbor
30. A. speed up
B. work out
C. come back
D. take off
31. A. feed
B. follow
C. change
D. load
32. A. call
B. join
C. leave
D. serve
33. A. unnecessary
B. unexpected
C. unavoidable
D. uneventful
34. A. returned
B. fought
C. flew
D. agreed
35. A. thankful
B. generous
C. proud
D. sympathetic
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B
31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws 网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的
狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主
人身边。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn 转折点；B. budget
预算；C. schedule 时间表；D. connection 联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___2___ for their dog,
Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food 食物；B.
shelter 庇护；C. medicine 药；D. transportation 交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a
very tight ___1___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费。故选
D。
【23 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately 非
常、拼命地；B. temporarily 暂时地；C. secretly 秘密地；D. originally 起初。根据“wanted to take her with
them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen 正在计划另一次PNP 飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy
从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared 出现；B. proved 证明；C. happened 碰巧；D. showed 展示。根据“I
was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另
一次PNP 飞行。故选C。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen 正在计划另一次PNP 飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy
从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited 等待；B. offered 提供、主动提出；C. hurried 匆忙；D. failed 失败。根
据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen 主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy 从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼
亚。故选B。
【26 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off 为……送行；B. look for 寻找；
C. hand over 移交；D. pick up 接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到
托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
【27 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy 的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused 困惑的；B.
nervous 紧张的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D. curious 好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm,
but I could tell this was ___8___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would
___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
【28 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗
留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard 困难的；B. fine 好的；C. common 常见的；D. lucky 幸
运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that
everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留
给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker 合作者；B. passenger 乘客；C. stranger 陌生人；D.
neighbor 邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可
知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
【30 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留
给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up 加速；B. work out 解决；C. come back 回来；D. take
off 起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，
让狗的主人George 相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George 和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy 送上飞机。A. feed 喂养；B.
follow 跟随；C. change 改变；D. load 装载。load into 装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让
George 和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy 装入飞机。故选D。
【32 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call 打电话；B.
join 加入；C. leave 离开；D. serve 服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨
斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
【33 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy 是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary 没有必要的；B.
unexpected 意想不到的；C. unavoidable 不可避免的；D. uneventful 太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great
passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen 一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George 那里。
A. returned 返回；B. fought 打仗；C. flew 飞；D. agreed 同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning
another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，
Karen 带狗Tiffy 飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful
感激的；B. generous 慷慨的；C. proud 骄傲的；D. sympathetic 同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a
nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George 非常感激。故选A。
Cloze 3
【2023 年浙江1 月卷】The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way
to 41 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the
42 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 .
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began
preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the
bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a
tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk.
49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch,
he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a
sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were
still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the
tree. He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up.
41．A．share
B．collect
C．celebrate
D．witness
42．A．courtyards
B．fields
C．treetops
D．caves
43．A．urgent
B．dangerous
C．expensive
D．pointless
44．A．searched
B．recognised
C．followed
D．invited
45．A．gathered
B．cleaned
C．dropped
D．checked
46．A．shook
B．lit
C．measured
D．decorated
47．A．jumping
B．talking
C．testing
D．climbing
48．A．hives
B．leaves
C．rope
D．honey
49．A．Finally
B．Surprisingly
C．Naturally
D．Immediately
50．A．backed
B．dived
C．shouted
D．inched
51．A．cut off
B．gone up
C．slid down
D．held onto
52．A．high
B．early
C．fast
D．close
53．A．hatching
B．training
C．sowing
D．trading
54．A．curious
B．hungry
C．bored
D．angry
55．A．moment
B．equipment
C．person
D．order
【答案】41．D 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A
50．D 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特
的采蜜经历。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share 分享；B. collect 收集；C.
celebrate 庆祝；D. witness 见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____4____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of
grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad 见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采
蜜方式。故选D 项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards 庭院；
B. fields 田野；领域；C. treetops 树顶；D. caves 洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作
的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C 项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent 紧急的；B.
dangerous 危险的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. pointless 毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____14____
and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很
危险的。故选B 项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched 搜索；
B. recognised 认出；C. followed 跟随；D. invited 邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____1____ a unique
honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad 如何采蜜。故选C 项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当
火把。A. gathered 聚集、采集；B. cleaned 清除；C. dropped 掉落；D. checked 检查。根据下文“handfuls of
damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad 从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A 项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火
把。A. shook 摇晃；B. lit 点燃；点亮；C. measured 测量；D. decorated 装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可
知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B 项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后
Ziyad 开始向上攀爬。A. jumping 跳；B. talking 谈话；C. testing 测试；D. climbing 攀爬。根据“higher up
the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad 要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D 项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives 蜂房；B.
leaves 树叶；C. rope 绳索；D. honey 蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other
end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad 是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故
选C 项。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad 最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20 米高。A. Finally 最终；B.
Surprisingly 令人意外地；C. Naturally 自然地；D. Immediately 立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few
minutes to move the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad 借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终
于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A 项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad 坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹
入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed 支持；B. dived 跳水；C. shouted 对……大声喊叫；D. inched 缓慢移动。
根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____3____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的
工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad 小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将
烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D 项。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off 切除；B. gone
up 上升；C. slid down 滑下；D. held onto 抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20
metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad 是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C 项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high 高的；B. early 早的；C. fast 快速的；
D. close 亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the
honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B 项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching 孵化；B. training 培训；C.
sowing 播种；D. trading 与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，
此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A 项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad 从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.
curious 好奇的；B. hungry 饥饿的；C. bored 无聊的；D. angry 生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad
escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D 项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment 时刻；B.
equipment 设备；C. person 个人；D. order 点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ .
Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad 只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年
蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A 项。
Cloze 4
【2023 年全国乙卷】To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby
Douglas had to leave everything she ____21____ best. She had to ___22___ her bedroom in Virginia. She had
to say ____23____ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ____24____ waves on her board. But it
was ____25____ to take the leap (飞跃), however ____26____ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So
she ____27____ about 1,200 miles away from home, to ____28____ with a coach from China. She lived with a
family she had never ____29____ and everything was new to her.
As it turned out Douglas did ____30____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she
____31____two Russians. The Chinese coach ____32____ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the
____33____, helping her skyrocket from an ____34____ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By
____35____ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She ____36____ the
competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt ____37____ all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas
had what it ____38____ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought ____39____ that she could make the
London Games-and win.
“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to ____40____.” And shine she did.
21. A. tried
B. thought
C. judged
D. knew
22. A. take up
B. pack up
C. clean up
D. do up
23. A. goodbye
B. hello
C. thanks
D. no
24. A. cause
B. observe
C. ride
D. strike
25. A. common
B. time
C. fun
D. tough
26. A. breathtaking
B. heartbreaking
C. eye-catching
D. head-spinning
27. A. dropped out
B. moved on
C. pulled over
D. went off
28. A. reason
B. talk
C. compete
D. train
29. A. met
B. helped
C. understood
D. needed
30. A. approximately
B. gradually
C. exactly
D. possibly
31. A. defeated
B. pleased
C. respected
D. assisted
32. A. forced
B. transformed
C. persuaded
D. put
33. A. world
B. city
C. team
D. state
34. A. amateur
B. elected
C. average
D. enthusiastic
35. A. clarifying
B. defending
C. winning
D. demanding
36. A. followed
B. organized
C. watched
D. led
37. A. confident
B. nervous
C. excited
D. uneasy
38. A. viewed
B. appeared
C. mattered
D. took
39. A. now and then
B. more and more
C. far and wide
D. on and on
40. A. shine
B. fly
C. dance
D. score
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C
31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员Gabby Douglas 为了成为个人全能项
目的奥运冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1200 英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教
练的训练下，Douglas 成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣
的黑人女性。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas 不得不放弃她最熟悉的一
切。A. tried 尝试；B. thought 思考；C. judged 判断；D. knew 知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“To become the
Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文
“1,200 miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas 放弃她最熟悉的
一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。
【22 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up 从事；B. pack up 整理；
收拾行李；C. clean up 清理；D. do up 装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“her
bedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。
【23 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. goodbye
再见；B. hello 你好；C. thanks 感谢；D. no 没有；否定的回答。由上“Gabby Douglas had to leave
everything”可知，Gabby Douglas 要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause 引
起；B. observe 观察；C. ride 骑；漂浮；D. strike 打击。由下文“waves on her board.”可知，此处表示冲浪，
ride the waves 意为“冲浪”，故选C。
【25 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A. common 平民；普
通；B. time 时间；C. fun 乐趣；D. tough 暴徒。由下文“to take the leap (飞跃)”可知，虽然离开自己所熟
悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。
【26 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人伤心。A. breathtaking 激
动人心的；B. heartbreaking 令人心碎的；令人伤心的；C. eye-catching 引人注目的；D. head-spinning 头晕
的。上文提到的Gabby Douglas 不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故
选B。
【27 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200 英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. dropped out
退出；B. moved on 继续。C. pulled over 靠边停车；D. went off 离开。由下文“about 1,200 miles away from
home,”可知，Gabby Douglas 到了一个离家1200 英里的地方，故选D。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200 英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reason 推理；B.
talk 谈话；C. compete 竞争；D. train 培训。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人)
all-around event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby
Douglas 离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met 遇到；
见过；B. helped 帮助；C. understood 理解；D. needed 需要。由下文“everything was new to her.”可知，一
切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。
【30 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas 击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需
要做的一切。A. approximately 大约；B.gradually 逐渐地；C. exactly 准确地；完全；D. possibly 可能地。由
下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Gabby Douglas 获得了奥
运会全能冠军，由此可知，Gabby Douglas 完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas 击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需
要做的一切。A. defeated 打败；B. pleased 使高兴；C. respected 尊敬；D. assisted 帮助。由上文“what she
needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black
woman to do so”可知，Douglas 击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。
【32 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas 成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队
的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced 强迫；B. transformed 转换；改造；彻底改变；C.
persuaded 劝说；D. put 放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas
变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into 固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。
【33 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas 成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队
的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. world 世界；B. city 城市；C. team 团队；D. state 国家。由下
文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas 赢得奥运会全能冠
军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。
【34 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas 成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家
队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A. amateury 业余爱好的；B. elected 当选的；C. average 平均
的；普通的；D. enthusiastic 热情的。由下文“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，这
位中国教练帮助Douglas 从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying
分类；B. defending 打败；C. winning 赢得；D. demanding 要求。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she
became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas 赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。
【36 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed 跟随；B. organized 组织；C. watched
观看；D. led 带领；领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas 一
直领先于竞争对手，故选D。
【37 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. confident 自信的；坚信的；B. nervous 紧张的；
C. excited 兴奋的；D. uneasy 不安的。由下文“all along that she would win.”可知，Douglas 一直坚信自己
会赢，故选A。
【38 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly 还认为Douglas 不具备成为奥运
选手所需要的条件。A. viewed 看待；B. appeared 出现；C. mattered 重要；D. took 需要。由下文“to be an
Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly 还认为Douglas 不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示
“需要”，故选D。
【39 题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。A. now and then 时
不时地；B. more and more 越来越多；C. far and wide 广泛地；D. on and on 不断地。由上文“As time went
by”和下文“that she could make the London Games-and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas 越来越相信
自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。
【40 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine 照耀；发光；B. fly 飞行；C. dance 跳舞；D.
score 得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas 认为自己
将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。
Cloze 5
【2023 年全国甲卷】Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.
The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___22___ its way down the hill
toward us. It was ___23___ called Mario, coming to ___24___ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle
of wine. It was a very nice ___25___ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ___26___
because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, ___27___ things you get in a supermarket. And the
wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ___28___, we thought. But
we were ___29___ his kindness, so we ___30___ them.
What we discovered is that it’s ___31___ to judge what you eat only by its ___32___. Those tomatoes had
___33___ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket
tomatoes ___34___ perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a ___35___ memory of those. It’s a
surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can ___36___ them easily. Mario’s wine may have
been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was ___37___.
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___38___, and as close as possible to where they were
___39___. What Mario had ___40___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
21. A. waited
B. met
C. camped
D. stayed
22. A. making
B. searching
C. squeezing
D. feeling
23. A. customer
B. neighbor
C. relative
D. passenger
24. A. lend
B. send
C. bring
D. show
25. A. choice
B. comment
C. promise
D. gesture
26. A. worried
B. moved
C. thrilled
D. bored
27. A. simple
B. real
C. shiny
D. fun
28. A. more
B. good
C. new
D. easy
29. A. sympathetic to
B. thankful for
C. cautious about
D. interested in
30. A. tried
B. sold
C. returned
D. mixed
31. A. unnecessary
B. uncertain
C. unwise
D. unusual
32. A. appearance
B. quality
C. origin
D. price
33. A. size
B. shape
C. color
D. taste
34. A. smell
B. look
C. become
D. work
35 A. happy
B. vivid
C. short
D. vague
36. A. clean
B. check
C. count
D. pack
37. A. perfect
B. useful
C. convenient
D. familiar
38. A. on view
B. on sale
C. in season
D. in need
39. A. finished
B. stored
C. found
D. grown
40. A. cooked
B. given
C. bought
D. told
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A
31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的
西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发
现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎
吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited 等待；B. met 遇见；C. camped 露营；D. stayed 暂住。根据前文“Many years ago,
I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第
一次住在那里。故选D 项。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎
吱嘎吱的声音。A. making 使；让；B. searching 搜索；C. squeezing 挤压；D. feeling 感觉。根据后文
“coming to
4
us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来
给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way 复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A 项。
【23 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。
A. customer 顾客；B. neighbor 邻居；C. relative 亲戚；D. passenger 乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug
chug-chug of a motorbike
2
its way down the hill toward us.”以及最后一句“What Mario had
20
us was the taste of the Garfagnana”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是
作者的邻居。故选B 项。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。
A. lend 借出；B. send 发送；C. bring 带来；D. show 展示。根据后文“It was a very nice
5
for
him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C 项。
【25 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. choice 选择；B. comment 议论；C. promise 诺言；D.
gesture 姿态。根据前文“coming to
4
us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”
可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D 项。
【26 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们事非常畸形的：一点
也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. worried 担心的；B. moved 感动的；C.
thrilled 兴奋的；D. bored.感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，
所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A 项。
【27 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点
也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. simple 简单的；B. real 真实的；C. shiny 闪
亮的；D. fun 有趣的。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前
文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny 闪亮的”符合实际。故选C 项。
【28 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A. more 更多的；B. good 好的；C. new 新的；D.
easy 容易的。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were
6
because they were so
misshapen: not at all like the nice, round,
7
things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was
cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一
家认为这些都不可能好。故选B 项。
【29 题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic to 同情；B.
thankful for 对……表示感谢；C. cautious about 谨慎对待；D. interested in 对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was
3
called Mario, coming to
4
us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可
知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B 项。
【30 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried 尝试；B. sold 出售；C.
returned 回来；D. mixed 混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had
13
that reminded me of the ones
my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，
所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A 项。
【31 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A.
unnecessary 不需要的；B. uncertain 无把握；C. unwise 不明智的；D. unusual 特别的。结合前后文，可知，
作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西
红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C 项。
【32 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A.
appearance 外观；B. quality 质量；C. origin 源头；D. price 价格。根据前文“we were
6
because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A 项。
【33 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size 尺寸；B.
shape 形状；C. color 颜色；D. taste 味道。根据后文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes
14
perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿
外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D 项。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell 闻起来；B. look 看起
来；C. become 变成；D. work 工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round,
7
things you get
in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B 项。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy 快乐的；B. vivid 清晰的；C. short
短的；D. vague 模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes
14
perfect but taste of
water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A 项。
【36 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。
A. clean 打扫；B. check 检查；C. count 计数；D. pack 包装。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed
to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D 项。
【37 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。
A. perfect 完美的；B. useful 有用的；C. convenient 便利的；D. familiar 熟悉的。根据前文“Mario’s wine
may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but 可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应
是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A
项。
【38 题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是当令的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东
西是好的。A. on view 在展出；B. on sale 出售；C. in season 当令的；D. in need 困难中的。根据前文“It’s
good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是当令的时候。故选C 项。
【39 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是
好的。A. finished 完成；B. stored 贮存；C. found 找到；D. grown 成长。根据前文“It’s good to eat things”
以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where 推断涉及地点，
结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D 项。
【40 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana 的味道。A. cooked 烹饪；B. given 给；C. bought
买；D. told 告诉。根据前文“It was
3
called Mario, coming to
4
us a box
2022 年完形填空记叙文
Cloze 1
【2022 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over
the past ten years.
Some of our ___21___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we
___22___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___23___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a
rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was ___24___, and his crying
let the whole campground know it. So ___25___ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___26___ — he
didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___27___, but storms move in
fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___28___ our peaceful morning trip. The ___29___ picked up and
thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to ____30____ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No ____31____.
We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there ____32____, a fisherman pulled up,
threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were ____33____.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of
____34____, wondering what camping fun and ____35____ we will experience next.
21. A. ideas
B. jokes
C. memories
D. discoveries
22. A. camped
B. drove
C. walked
D. cycled
23. A. annoyed
B. surprised
C. disappointed
D. worried
24. A. unhurt
B. unfortunate
C. uncomfortable
D. unafraid
25. A. due to
B. instead of
C. apart from
D. as for
26. A. worked
B. happened
C. mattered
D. changed
27. A. signed up
B. calmed down
C. checked out
D. headed off
28. A. arranged
B. interrupted
C. completed
D. recorded
29. A. wind
B. noise
C. temperature
D. speed
30. A. find
B. hide
C. start
D. fix
31. A. luck
B. answer
C. wonder
D. signal
32. A. patiently
B. tirelessly
C. doubtfully
D. helplessly
33. A. sorry
B. brave
C. safe
D. right
34. A. relief
B. duty
C. pride
D. excitement
35. A. failure
B. adventure
C. performance
D. conflict
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34.
D 35. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并
且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas 想
法；B. jokes 笑话；C. memories 记忆；D. discoveries 发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping
experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可推
知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped 露营；B. drove 开车；C. walked 散
步；D. cycled 骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences
over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15 个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed 恼怒的；B. surprised
惊讶的C. disappointed 失望的；D. worried 担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near
to our spot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选
D。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt 未受伤的；B.
unfortunate 不幸的；C. uncomfortable 不舒服的；D. unafraid 无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his
waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可推知，此处指孩
子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。
【25 题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to 由于；B. instead of 代替、
而不是；C. apart from 除了；D. as for 至于。根据上文“He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole
campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒
服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked 起作用；B. happened 发生；
C. mattered 事关紧要；D. changed 改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指作者的
密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。
【27 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的
晨间旅行。A. signed up 注册、报名；B. calmed down 冷静下来；C. checked out 退房、结账离开；D. headed
off 启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，
此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的
晨间旅行。A. arranged 安排；B. interrupted 中断；C. completed 完成；D. recorded 记录。根据上文“storms
move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可推知，此处指风
暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind 风；B. noise 噪音；C. temperature 温度；D.
speed 速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
【30 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find 找到；B. hide 隐藏；C. start 启动；D. fix
修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”
可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck 好运；B. answer 回答；C. wonder 惊奇；D. signal 信号。根
据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启
动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。
【32 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖
了回来。A. patiently 耐心地；B. tirelessly 不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully 怀疑地；D. helplessly 无助地。根据上
文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法
启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。
【33 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry 抱歉的；B. brave 勇敢的；C. safe 安全的；D. right 正确
的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，
作者和家人安全了。故选C。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道
接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief 救济；B. duty 职责；C. pride 自豪；D. excitement 兴
奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wondering what camping fun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来的露营，充满
兴奋。故选D。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道
接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure 失败；B. adventure 冒险；C. performance 表现；D.
conflict 冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled
with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可推知，此
处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。
Cloze 2
【2022 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of
them, this 25-year-old is doing it ___21___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the
world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___22___ , but the
couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___23___ .
They’re part of a new form of the ___24___ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-
cost stays in ___25___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s ___26___ .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___27___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets
that are sometimes difficult to ___28___ . But house sitting also offers a level of ___29___ they can’t find in a
hotel. “It’s like ____30____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high ____31____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the
homeowner’s ____32____ . For Jessica, that means ____33____ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the
house ____34____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the
homeowner feel that they made the right ____35____ ,” she says.
21. A. indoors
B. online
C. single-handed
D. full-time
22. A. game
B. service
C. vacation
D. procedure
23. A. safe
B. busy
C. helpful
D. affordable
24. A. local
B. private
C. sharing
D. agricultural
25. A. strangers’
B. parents’
C. co-workers’
D. neighbors’
26. A. favor
B. defense
C. honor
D. absence
27. A. plan
B. explain
C. compare
D. complete
28. A. buy
B. transport
C. choose
D. please
29. A. support
B. comfort
C. control
D. attention
30. A. cooking
B. staying
C. waiting
D. studying
31. A. success
B. survival
C. growth
D. unemployment
32. A. budget
B. abilities
C. expectations
D. understanding
33. A. admiring
B. donating
C. sending
D. borrowing
34 A. clean
B. open
C. simple
D. empty
35. A. guess
B. decision
C. response
D. impression
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B
31. A 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica 和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免
费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的
成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
【21 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25 岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A.
indoors 室内；B. online 在线的；C. single-handed 单手的；D. full-time 全职的。根据后文“She and her
husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. (在过去的
两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位25 岁的年轻人全职从事这项
工作。故选D。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他
们的旅行负担得起。A. game 游戏；B. service 服务；C. vacation 假期；D. procedure 手续。结合上文可知
Jessica 在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让
他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe 安全的；B. busy 忙碌的；C. helpful 有帮助的；D. affordable 买的起的。对应
上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅
行负担得起。故选D。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local 当地的；B. private
私人的；C. sharing 分享；D. agricultural 农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及
提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。
【25 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植
物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居的。根据上文
可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植
物浇水。A. favor 帮助；B. defense 防御；C. honor 荣誉；D. absence 缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and
water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的
日子。A. plan 计划；B. explain 解释；C. compare 比较；D. complete 完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅
行，应用plan。故选A。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的
日子。A. buy 购买；B. transport 运输；C. choose 选择；D. please 取悦。根据上文“the pets that are
sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support 支持；B.
comfort 舒适，安慰；C. control 控制；D. attention 注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也
能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。
【30 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica 说。A. cooking 烹饪；B. staying 停留；C.
waiting 等待；D. studying 学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. success
成功；B. survival 存活；C. growth 生长；D. unemployment 失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as house
sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。
【32 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. budget
预算；B. abilities 能力；C. expectations 期待；D. understanding 理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的
成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下
一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring 钦佩；B. donating 捐赠；C. sending 发送；D. borrowing
借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。
【34 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去
下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean 干净的；B. open 开放的；C. simple 简单的；D. empty 空
的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess 猜测；B. decision 决
定；C. response 反应；D. impression 印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故
选B。
Cloze 3
【2022 年北京卷】One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying “free play”, I stepped to the doorway
of the classroom to take a break. Suddenly, I ____1____ a movement of the heavy wooden door. This was the very
door I ____2____ guided the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold. I felt a chill (寒意) go
through my body.
My legs carried me to that door, and I pushed it open. It was one of my kindergarteners who I thought was
____3____ that day. He had been dropped off at school late and was ____4____ to open the door.
He must have been waiting there for quite a while! Without a word, I rushed him to the hospital. He was
treated for frostbite on his hands. He’d need time to ____5____ , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I
thought.
The next morning, one of the first to ____6____ was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in with
energy, but his ____7____ could be heard as loud as ever! I gave him a warm hug and told him how ____8____ I
was to see him. His words have stayed with me all these years, “I knew you would open the door.”
That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, long while for adults to ____9____. To a child, every minute
feels like forever. He didn’t attempt to walk back home; he waited and trusted. This five-year-old taught me a
powerful lesson in _____10_____ .
1. A. caused
B. spotted
C. checked
D. imagined
2. A. hesitantly
B. randomly
C. dizzily
D. carefully
3. A. angry
B. absent
C. special
D. noisy
4. A. courageous
B. content
C. unable
D. unwilling
5. A. recover
B. play
C. change
D. wait
6. A. settle
B. gather
C. arrive
D. react
7. A. sneeze
B. weep
C. complaint
D. laughter
8. A. lucky
B. happy
C. curious
D. nervous
9. A. show up
B. pull up
C. hold up
D. line up
10. A. gratitude
B. forgiveness
C. faith
D. kindness
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了，被关在了门外，小男孩推不开们，于是大冬天的
在门外等了很久，直到老师不经意间发现门有动静，才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师会给
他开门，这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。
1.【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下。A. caused 引起、使发生；B. spotted
看见、注意到；C. checked 检查、核对；D. imagined 想象。根据后面的“a movement of the heavy wooden
door.”可知，此处表示看到门动了下，spot 符合语境。故选B 项。
2.【解析】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是那扇我小心翼翼地领着孩子们穿过，以确保他们不受严寒侵袭的门。A.
hesitantly 迟疑地、踌躇地；B. randomly 随机地；C. dizzily 头晕眼花地；D. carefully 小心地、谨慎地。根据
后面的“to ensure their safety from the bitter cold.”可知，要确保孩子们不受严寒侵袭，说明是小心翼翼地
领着孩子们通过，carefully 符合语境。故选D 项。
3.【解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是我幼儿园的一个孩子，我以为他那天没来。A. angry 生气的、愤怒的；B.
absent 缺席的、不在的；C. special 特殊的、特别的；D. noisy 嘈杂的、聒噪的。根据下文的“He had been
dropped off at school late and was ____4____ to open the door.”可知，是小男孩来晚了，又开不了门，所
以老师以为他没来，此处absent 符合语境。故选B 项
4.【解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很晚才被送到学校，打不开门。A. courageous 勇敢的；B. content 满足的、
满意的；C. unable 无法胜任的、不会的；D. unwilling 不愿意的。根据上文的“the heavy wooden door.”和
下文的“He must have been waiting there for quite a while!”可知，门很重，小男孩打不开，所以才在门外等
了很久，此处指“打不开门”，unable 符合语境。故选C 项
5.【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要时间恢复，我想他第二天不会来上课了。A. recover 恢复、康复；B. play
玩闹、戏弄；C. change 改变；D. wait 等待。根据前面的“He was treated for frostbite on his hands.”可知，
小男孩手冻伤了，所以需要时间恢复，此处recover 符合语境。故选A 项。
6.【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一。A. settle 解决、定居；
B. gather 聚集、召集；C. arrive 到达；D. react 反应。根据下文“Not only did he run in with energy,”可知，
小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明是来了学校，故此处指第一批到达学校的人，应用arrive。故选C 项
7.【解析】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不仅精力充沛地跑了进来，而且他的笑声还像以前一样响亮！A. sneeze 打喷
嚏；B. weep 哭泣；C. complaint 抱怨；D. laughter 笑声。根据前面的“Not only did he run in with energy”可
知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明身体恢复好了，结合后面的“could be heard as loud as ever”可知，
此处应指“笑声和以前一样响亮”，laughter 符合语境。故选D 项
8.【解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给了他一个温暖的拥抱，告诉他我很高兴见到他。A. lucky 幸运的；B.
happy 开心的、幸福的；C. curious 好奇的；D. nervous 紧张的、担忧的。根据上文“He’d need time to
____5____ , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I thought.”可知，作者以为小男孩不会来学校，所以
看到小男孩的时候，应该是开心的，happy 符合语境。故选B 项
9.【解析】
考查短语辨析。句意：在那个寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出现。A. show up 露面，
出现；B. pull up 拔起、停下来；C. hold up 举起、阻挡；D. line up 排队。根据上下文语义可知，小男孩在
门口等了很久，才等到大人出现给他开门，此处用show up 符合语境。故选A 项
10.【解析】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个五岁的孩子给我上了一堂关于信念的有力的课。A. gratitude 感激；B.
forgiveness 宽恕；C. faith 信任、信念；D. kindness 善良、仁慈。根据前面“He didn’t attempt to walk back
home; he waited and trusted.”可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，却没有试图回家，说明小男孩有很强的的信
念，故此处指老师从小男孩身上学到了一些关于信念的东西，此处指“关于信念的课”，faith 符合语境。
故选C 项
Cloze 4
【2022 年全国甲卷】You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___21___ was nearly enough to keep
my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___22___ . When I first dated Steve, I ___23___
he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___24___ that he was an animal lover, I ___25___ that three
dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___26___ , the cat.
The next week we ___27___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___28___ ,
Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___29___ ? He poured water from a
bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. _____30_____ , I began to fall for him.
We _____31_____ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an
operation on her _____32_____ . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly _____33_____
climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve _____34_____ his house. All worked _____35_____ . The
three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, _____36_____ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team
_____37_____ for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my _____38_____ , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He
did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I _____39_____ him to. That’s only for giving _____40_____ to the dogs that
brought us together.
21. A. ownership
B. membership
C. companionship
D. leadership
22. A. reservations
B. expectations
C. confidence
D. prejudice
23. A. feared
B. doubted
C. hoped
D. learned
24. A. unsatisfied
B. amused
C. terrified
D. thrilled
25. A. predicted
B. worried
C. regretted
D. insisted
26. A. Flora
B. Chance
C. Molly
D. Tilly
27. A. tied
B. walked
C. bathed
D. fed
28. A. breath
B. balance
C. attention
D. imagination
29. A. calm
B. sure
C. soon
D. real
30. A. By the way
B. In that case
C. By all means
D. In that moment
31. A. continued
B. decided
C. intended
D. pretended
32. A. eye
B. tail
C. ear
D. leg
33. A. secretly
B. constantly
C. eventually
D. unwillingly
34. A. left
B. sold
C. suggested
D. searched
35. A. late
B. hard
C. fine
D. free
36. A. emptied
B. respected
C. occupied
D. discovered
37. A. looking
B. caring
C. waiting
D. calling
38. A. delight
B. credit
C. interest
D. disadvantage
39. A. beg
B. trust
C. need
D. aid
40. A. toys
B. awards
C. food
D. water
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D
31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多，作
者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫
把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，
一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership 所有权；B. membership 会员；
C. companionship 陪伴；D. leadership 领导。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly
and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly 和Chance 生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，
可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C 项。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservations 保留；B. expectations 期望；
C. confidence 信心；D. prejudice 偏见。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to
my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者
是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚
开始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A 项。
【23 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly 的狗和一只名叫Flora
的猫。A. feared 恐惧；B. doubted 怀疑；C. hoped 希望；D. learned 得知。由上文的“When I first dated
Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫
有一只狗和一只猫。故选D 项。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可
能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied 不满意的；B. amused 愉快的；C. terrified 害怕的；D. thrilled 刺激的。由下
文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只爱
犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选B 项。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能
会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted 预测；B. worried 担心；C. regretted 后悔；D. insisted 坚持。由下文的“three
dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会
攻击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是
担忧的。故选B 项。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能
会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora 弗洛拉；B. Chance 机会；C. Molly 莫莉；D. Tilly 蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。
由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly 的狗和一只名叫Flora 的猫)”可知，此
处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A 项。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied 系；B. walked 牵着（动物）走；C. bathed 沐浴；
D. fed 喂养。由本处的“ 7
our dogs together (一起……我们的狗)”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故
选B 项。
【28 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath 呼吸；B. balance 平衡；C.
attention 注意力；D. imagination 想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。
当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。
故选A 项。
【29 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm 冷静的；B. sure 确定的；C. soon 很快的；D
real 真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知，二人
才认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快了。故选C 项。
【30 题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way 顺便说一句；B. In that case 那样的
话；C. By all means 务必；D. In that moment 那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand
and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我开
始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好
感。故选D 项。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued 继续；B. decided 决定；
C. intended 打算；D. pretended 假装。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者对史蒂
夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A 项。
【32 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：11 月下旬，Tilly 的腿做了一次手术。A. eye 眼睛；B. tail 尾巴；C. ear 耳朵；D.
leg 腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我担心Tilly 爬楼梯
会重新打开伤口)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly 的伤口，可得出Tilly 的腿做了手术。故选D 项。
【33 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly 不断地爬楼梯会重新打开伤口。A. secretly
秘密地；B. constantly 不断地；C. eventually 最终；D. unwillingly 不情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out
four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不断
地爬楼梯。故选B 项。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left 离开；B. sold 卖；C. suggested 建议；D.
searched 搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，二人成为室友，可得出
史蒂夫离开了他的房子，和作者一起居住。故选A 项。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late 晚的；B. hard 困难的；C. fine 好的；D. free 自由的。由
下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂
夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作者
和史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选C 项。
【36 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora 的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了
一个照顾Tilly 的好团队。A. emptied 清空；B. respected 尊重；C. occupied 占据；D. discovered 发现。由上
文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that,
with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫
Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可知，
此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B 项。
【37 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora 的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了
一个照顾Tilly 的好团队。A. looking 看；B. caring 照顾；C. waiting 等待；D. calling 打电话。由上文的
“Tilly had an operation (Tilly 做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly 做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，
和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B 项。
38 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A.
delight 高兴；B. credit 信用；C. interest 兴趣；D. disadvantage 缺点。由下文的“this man produced a little
box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，
作者应该是感到高兴。故选A 项。
【39 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg 乞求；B. trust 信任；C. need 需要；D.
aid 帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂
夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C 项。
【40 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys 玩具；B. awards 奖励；C. food
食物；D. water 水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 ,
I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给
作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让
二人走到了一起。故选D 项。
Cloze 5
【2022 年浙江卷1 月】When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems
with her 16 ,notably dryness and discomfort.
"I was simply 17 a terrible experience, ” Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. *'I felt so
helpless and insecure because the quality of my 18 was affected."
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 19 problems and discovered that they were largely
suffering in 20
." Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 21 she said." But more
and more are suffering and lives are being 22
.
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, 23 at Tel Aviv University in
Israel. The research team 24 Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 24 work on eye care using
stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising 26 for the project with a friend, Toronto
businessman Meyer Zeifman. 27 she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 28
.
”I’m trying to get more and more people to29 that there are solutions （解决办法）said Ms. Burdeyney, a
trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after 30
. "I say there is no old 31,
there's only neglect （忽视）.Don't stand 32 , do something about it."
Ms. Burdeyney 33 that she is hoping to do more for the research project. *'I just want to bring 34
into people eyes and this is just the 35
5 . There is still a long way to go"
16.A.throat
B.skin
C.lungs D.eyes
17.A.getting over
B.going through
C.holding onD.passing down
18.A.story
B.treatment
C.life
D.relationship
19.A.similar
B.various
C.personal
D.special
20.A.turn
B.peace
C.vain
D.silence
21.A.unbearable
B.abnormal
C.insignificant
D.disturbing
22.A.compromised
B.forgotten
C.substituted
D.separated
23.A.course
B.program
C.paper
D.conference
24.A.informed
B.doubted
C.included
D.dismissed
25.A.part-time
B.controversial
C.voluntary
D.ground-breaking
26.A.money
B.standards
C.awareness
D.questions
27.A.As ever
B.So far
C.In return
D.Once again
28.A.wasted
B.donated
C.expected
D.earned
29.A.imagine
B.confirm
C.remember
D.understand
30.A.retirement
B.childbirth
C.graduation
D.marriage
31.A.time
B.rule
C.age
D.tale
32. A.straight
B.still
C.firm D. alone
33. A.commented
B.learned
C.reminded
D.added
34. A.light
B.joy
C.color
D.beauty
35. A.future
B.beginning
C.truth
D.meaning
【答案】16.D 17. B
18. C19. A20. D21. C22. A23. B24. C 25. D
26A 27. B 28. C 29. D30. A31.C32. B
33. D34. A35. B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个遭受眼睛问题之苦的Burdeyney 女士积极为研宄项目提供
帮助以寻求 解决方法的故事。
【16 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始有眼睛问题，明显的干涩和不适。A. throat 喉咙；B. skin 皮肤；C. lungs
肺；D. eyes 眼睛。根据第八空前面的句子 “Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye
research” （最终Burdeyney 女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划）可知，她有眼睛问题，故选D 项。
【17 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我只是在经历一段糟糕的体验。A. get over 克服；B. go through 经历；C.
hold on 坚持；D. pass down 传递下去。根据语境可知，她遭受眼睛问题，这是一段糟糕的经历，故选B 项。
【18 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到如此无助和不安，因为我的生活质量受到了影响o A. story 故事；B.
treatment 治疗，对待；C. life 生命，生活；D. relationship 关系。主人公遭受眼部之苦，生活质量自然会被
影响，故选 C 项。
【19 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney 女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默
默 地受苦。A. similar 相似的；B. various 多种多样的；C. personal 私人的；D. special 特别的。跟与自己有
相同 问题的人交谈并发现问题，符合语境逻辑，故选A 项。
【20 题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney 女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在
默 默地受苦。A. in turn 轮流;B. in peace 和平地;C. in vain 徒劳地;D. in silence 默默地。根据后句“Nobody
chooses to talk about it"（没有人想谈论它）可知，他们很多人保持了沉默，故选D 项。
【21 题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她说没有人选择谈论它因为这看起来没有意义。A. unbearable 无
法忍受的；B.abnormal 不正常的；C. insignificant 无意义的；D. disturbing 扰人的。他们闭口不提的原因很
可能是因为无意义，其他三个选项不符合一般逻辑，故选c 项。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是越来越多的人在受苦，生命陷入危险。A. compromise 使陷入危险、妥协；
B. forget 遗忘；C. substitute 替代、代替；D. separate 分隔。越来越多的人在遭受眼睛问题带来的痛苦，这
属 于健康问题，威胁生命，故选A 项。
【23 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:最终Burdeyney 女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划，这是在以色列特拉维夫大学的一
个项目。A. course 课程；B. program 项目；C. paper 纸、论文；D. conference 会议。一项研究通常也被称为
一个项目，故选B 项。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个研宄团队包括了一位加拿大博士 Allan Slomovic,其已经用干细胞就眼睛护
理问题做了开创性的工作。A. inform 通知；B. doubt 怀疑；C. include 包括；D. dismiss 解散。根据语境可
知， 这位专家在这个团队中，故选C 项。
【25 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个研宄团队包括了一位加拿大博士 Allan Slomovic,其已经用干细胞就眼睛
护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. part-time 兼职的;B. controversial 有争议的；C. voluntary 自愿的;D. ground-
breaking 开创性的。根据后句uSeeing a ray od hope（看到了一丝希望）可知，他是带来希望的人， 是最先
做的，他的工作具有开创性，故选D 项。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到了一丝希望，Burdeyney 女士开始和朋友多伦多商人Meryer 一起为这个项
目筹集资金。A. money 钱；B. standards 标准；C. awareness 意识；D. questions 问题。根据后文他们筹集了
111000 美金可知此处指“筹集资金”，故选A 项。
【27 题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：截至目前，他们己经筹集了 111000 美金，有望再增加4000 美金。A. as ever 依
旧、和往常一样；B. so far 目前；C. in return 作为回报；D. once again 再一次。根据本句的现在完成时态，
应选择so far,他们己经筹集了 1110⑻美金，故选B 项。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:截至目前，他们己经筹集了 111000 美金，有望再增加4000 美金。A. waste 浪费;
B. donate 捐赠；C. expect 期待、预期；D. earn 赢得。根据语境目前已经筹集了一笔钱，预期未来还有部分
金额，故选C 项。
【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney 说，“我正在努力让越来越多的人明白有解决办法”。
A. imagine 想象；B.confirm 确认；C. remember 记得；D. understand 理解。结合前文很多人默默地受苦是因
为看不到希望，所 以要让他们理解办法是有的，故选D 项。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位受过专业培训的护士在退休之后仍然作为私人培训师在工作。A. retirement
退休;B. childbirth 出生;C. graduation 毕业；D. marriage 婚姻。根据still work 可知，她本可以不工作了可 知，
她已经退休了，故选A 项。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为没有老的年纪，只有忽视。A.time 时间；B.rule 规则；C.age 年龄；
D.tale 传说。本文主要谈论的是上了年龄的人的眼睛问题，故选C 项。
【32 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要呆着保持不动，做点什么事情。A. straight 直的；B. still 静止的；C. firm
坚定的；D. alone 单独。此处的stand 意为“处于某种状态”后跟形容词作表语，呼吁人们采取行动，不要
什么都不做，故选B 项。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney 补充说她希望为这个项目做得更多。A. comment 评论；B. learn 学习；
C.remind 提醒；D. add 补充说。前句为她说的话，后面又继续说，即为补充说，故选D 项。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明，这只是一个开始。A. light 光明；B. joy 乐趣；
C. color 颜色；D. beauty 美。根据常识，眼睛是人们识别光的器官，此处一语双关，只看到的光，也指希
望， 故选A 项。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明，这只是一个开始。A. future 未来；B.
beginning 开始；C. truth 事实；D. meaning 意义。根据后句“There is still a long way to gow （根据后句话
有很长的路要 走。）可知，只是开始，故选B 项。
Cloze 6
【2022 年天津卷第二次】When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet
(单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone ____16____. But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall
behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students, I was filled with fear. I knew I
would ____17____. When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another ____18____.
“Did you practice your lesson?” the teacher barked at me. I felt so ____19____ and my world came ____20____
down in an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting ____21____. With the day of the new
performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of ____22____, I asked for sick leave. It was so
relieving and such a(n) ____23____ way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started
____24____. “If you really want to quit, why are you crying?” asked mum. She _____25_____ and I realized I
wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to
_____26_____ out of. I made a _____27_____ not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them,
so a _____28_____ could be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t _____29_____
why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t _____30_____
at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great _____31_____ I could play
well. My problem was solved and my fear was _____32_____ a lot that year.
_____33_____ I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can _____34_____ everything in a person’s life. Hiding
from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay _____35_____ inside. After facing up to a
fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
16. A. badly
B. endlessly
C. randomly
D. smoothly
17. A. mess up
B. move on
C. set out
D. take off
18. A. impression
B. essay
C. story
D. factor
19. A. ashamed
B. starved
C. excited
D. relaxed
20. A. crashing
B. moving
C. selling
D. bending
21. A. stricter
B. worse
C. happier
D. smarter
22. A. joy
B. panic
C. doubt
D. sympathy
23. A. funny
B. important
C. easy
D. traditional
24. A. drying
B. disappearing
C. flowing
D. separating
25. A. had a point
B. made a change
C. reached a level
D. took a break
26. A. send
B. bring
C. pick
D. climb
27. A. request
B. resolution
C. presentation
D. proposal
28. A. balance
B. degree
C. position
D. solution
29. A. figure out
B. give away
C. think over
D. make up
30. A. aim
B. smile
C. wave
D. shout
31. A. anger
B. sorrow
C. disappointment
D. surprise
32. A. felt
B. shown
C. removed
D. voiced
33. A. Carrying on
B. Looking back
C. Stepping aside
D. Turning around
34. A. consume
B. examine
C. reflect
D. rescue
35. A. unknown
B. unpunished
C. interested
D. trapped
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A
26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为自己单簧管演奏得不好，感到很沮丧，决定逃避，
在妈妈的启发下，作者决定面对恐惧，找到老师寻求帮助，最终解决了问题，也战胜了自己的恐惧。
【16 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：年初进展顺利。A. badly 严重地；B. endlessly 无穷地；C. randomly 随机地；D.
smoothly 顺利地。根据下文“But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind.”可知，上下文为转折关
系，年初进展顺利，但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了。故选D 项。
【17 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up 搞砸；B. move on 继续前进；C. set out 动
身，出发；D. take off 起飞。根据上文“I seemed to fall behind”可知，我似乎落后于其他同学，由此可知，
我认为自己演奏的不好，会搞砸的。故选A 项。
【18 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。A. impression 印象；
B. essay 散文；C. story 故事，情节；D. factor 因素。根据上文“I seemed to fall behind”可知，我演奏的不好，
虽然节奏很好，但演奏不在调上，音调是另一回事，“my tone was another story”用来描述演奏不在调上。
故选C 项。
【19 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. ashamed 羞愧的；B. starved 饥饿的；
C. excited 兴奋的；D. relaxed 放松的。根据上文“Did you practice your lesson?”可知，老师质疑我的演奏，
怀疑我没有练习，由此可知，我为此感到羞愧。故选A 项。
【20 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. crashing 崩溃；B. moving 移动；C.
selling 出售；D. bending 弯曲。根据上文“Did you practice your lesson?”可知，老师质疑我的演奏，怀疑我
没有练习，由此可知，我感到很羞愧，感觉世界瞬间崩溃了。故选A 项。
【21 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且越来越糟糕。A. stricter 更严格的；B.
worse 更糟的；C. happier 更快乐的；D. smarter 更聪明的。根据下文“I grew increasingly upset”可知，我感
到越来越沮丧，由此可知，我的状态越来越糟糕。故选B 项。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. joy 喜悦；B. panic 恐慌；C. doubt 疑惑；D.
sympathy 同情。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”和“With the day of the new performance approaching, I
grew increasingly upset.”可知，我讨厌吹单簧管，我感到越来越沮丧，由此可知，因为对即将到来的表演感
到恐慌，所以我请了病假。故选B 项。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种解脱和容易的方式。A. funny 有趣的；B. important 重要的；C. easy
容易的；D. traditional 传统的。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”可知，我讨厌吹单簧管，由此可知，
我请了病假，这是一种让我解脱的容易的方式，我可以不再面对单簧管表演。故选C 项。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想退出。”我的眼泪开始流下来。A. drying 使变干；B. disappearing 消失；
C. flowing 流动；D. separating 使分开。根据下文“why are you crying”可知，我哭了，由此可知，我的眼泪
流了下来。故选C 项。
【25 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我
创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a point 有道理；B. made a change 做出改变；C. reached a level 达到
一定水平；D. took a break 休息一下。根据句中“I realized I wanted to stay in band and”可知，我意识到我想
留在乐队里，由此可知，我认为妈妈的话“If you really want to quit, why are you crying?(如果你真的想退出，
为什么要哭？)”说得很有道理，如果我真想退出，就不会哭。故选A 项。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造
了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. send 发送；B. bring 带来；C. pick 挑选；D. climb 爬。根据句中“created a
black hole”可知，我无法面对我的恐惧，就像给自己创造了一个黑洞，很难爬出来。故选D 项。
【27 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也要与之对抗，这
样才能找到解决办法。A. request 请求；B. resolution 正式决定，决心；C. presentation 演示；D. proposal 提
议。根据句中“stand up to even the worst of them”可知，我决定与恐惧对抗，由此可知，我下定决心，不躲
避自己的恐惧。故选B 项。
【28 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也要与之对抗，这
样才能找到解决办法。A. balance 平衡；B. degree 程度，度数；C. position 位置；D. solution 解决办法。根
据句中“stand up to even the worst of them”可知，我决定与恐惧对抗，是为了找到解决问题的办法。故选D
项。
【29 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第二天，我见到了我的乐队老师，告诉她我有一个问题，不理解为什么会
这样。A. figure out 理解，想出；B. give away 赠送；C. think over 仔细考虑；D. make up 编造。根据句中
“The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem”可知，我把问题告诉老师，由
此可知，我不理解为什么会这样，所以才请教老师。故选A 项。
【30 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有冲我大喊大叫，递给我一个新簧片。A. aim 目的是；B. smile 微笑；C.
wave 挥手；D. shout 喊叫。根据句中“She asked me gently to play for her.”可知，老师温柔地让我为她演奏，
由此可知，她愿意帮助我解决问题，得知我的问题后，没有冲我大喊大叫。故选D 项。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我非常惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger 愤怒；B. sorrow 悲伤；C.
disappointment 失望；D. surprise 惊讶。根据句中“I could play well”可知，我之前一直演奏不好，突然能演
奏得很好，这令我感到惊讶。故选D 项。
【32 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我的问题解决了，我的恐惧消除了很多。A. felt 感觉到；B. shown 展
示；C. removed 去除，使消失；D. voiced 表达，吐露。根据句中“My problem was solved”可知，我的问题
解决了，由此可知，我的恐惧消除了很多，不再那么害怕演奏了。故选C 项。
【33 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：回首往事，我很高兴我克服了恐惧。A. Carrying on 继续；B. Looking back
回顾，回首往事；C. Stepping aside 下台，让位；D. Turning around 转身，调转方向。根据句中“I overcame
my fear”可知，我克服了恐惧是发生在过去的事，由此可知，句中指回首往事，我很高兴我克服了恐惧。
故选B 项。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会消耗一个人生活中的一切。A. consume 消耗；B. examine 检查；C.
reflect 反映；D. rescue 营救。根据上文“by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be
difficult to _____ out of”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我陷入困境，无法面对生活，由此可知，恐惧会消
耗一个人生活中的一切。故选A 项。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：躲避这些恐惧只会造成一个洞，让人困在里面。A. unknown 未知的；B.
unpunished 未受惩罚的；C. interested 感兴趣的；D. trapped 受困的。根据上文“by not facing my fears, I had
created a black hole that would be difficult to _____ out of”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难
爬出来的黑洞，由此可知，躲避恐惧只会造成一个洞，人被困在里面。故选D 项。
Cloze 7
【2022 年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them,
there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only
their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly
“egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology
___26___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down
with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear
the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered
her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.
A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results
were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their
___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They
simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by
putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___
when others use it.
21. A. following
B. taking
C. escaping
D. directing
22. A. clever
B. bad
C. scared
D. quick
23. A. exposed
B. examined
C. untouched
D. imbalanced
24. A. supported
B. guaranteed
C. imagined
D. interpreted
25. A. disappointing
B. mixed
C. surprising
D. desired
26. A. explained
B. confirmed
C. contradicted
D. tested
27. A. parent
B. child
C. researcher
D. doctor
28. A. feet
B. nose
C. hands
D. ears
29. A. see
B. help
C. reach
D. fool
30. A. event
B. thing
C. action
D. accident
31. A. Yet
B. Now
C. Soon
D. Once
32. A. speak
B. listen
C. turn
D. wave
33. A. instructions
B. descriptions
C. experiments
D. assumptions
34. A. comprehended
B. predicted
C. explored
D. ignored
35. A. partly
B. honestly
C. vaguely
D. exactly
36. A. responses
B. approaches
C. contribution
D. sensitivity
37. A. ability
B. belief
C. identity
D. purpose
38. A. hold back
B. relate to
C. insist on
D. make up
39. A. limitations
B. requirements
C. theories
D. findings
40. A. tentative
B. impressive
C. creative
D. effective
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B
31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自
我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴
奋的事情。A. following 跟随；B. taking 取走；C. escaping 避开；D. directing 指导。根据上文“Young
children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。
故选C 项。
【22 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever 聪明的；B. bad 不
擅长的；C. scared 害怕的；D. quick 快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands,
leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B 项。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed 无遮蔽的；B.
examined 已检查过的；C. untouched 未受影响的；D. imbalanced 失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only
their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分
无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A 项。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物
的证据。A. supported 支持；B. guaranteed 保证；C. imagined 想象；D. interpreted 解释。根据下文“as
evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证
据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D 项。
【25 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A.
disappointing 令人失望的；B. mixed 混合的；C. surprising 令人惊讶的；D. desired 渴望的。根据下文
“research results in child developmental psychology _6_ that idea.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所
以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C 项。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A.
explained 解释；B. confirmed 证实；C. contradicted 相矛盾；D. tested 测试。根据下文“Our 19 suggest
when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider
this method _ 20 _ when others use it.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C 项。
【27 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent
父母亲；B. child 儿童；C. researcher 研究员；D. doctor 医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-
4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在
一起。故选B 项。
【28 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet 脚；
B. nose 鼻子；C. hands 手；D. ears 耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能
听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D 项。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see 看见；B. help 帮助；
C. reach 到达；D. fool 欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼
睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A 项。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她
说话。A. event 大事；B. thing 事情；C. action 行动；D. accident 事故。根据下文“children said that they
couldn’t _12_ to her.”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选
B 项。
【31 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她
说话。A. Yet 然而；B. Now 此刻；C. Soon 很快；D. Once 一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的
嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B 项。
【32 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她
说话。A. speak 说；B. listen 听；C. turn 转；D. wave 挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own
mouth”可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A 项。
【33 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions 命令；B.
descriptions 说明；C. experiments 实验；D. assumptions 假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除
了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C 项。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到
了什么。A. comprehended 理解；B. predicted 预测；C. explored 探索；D. ignored 忽略。根据下文“the
questions and knew _15_ what was asked of them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。
故选A 项。
【35 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到
了什么。A. partly 部分地；B. honestly 诚实地；C. vaguely 含糊地；D. exactly 确切地。根据下文“what was
asked of them. Their 16 to the questions reflected their true _17_ ”可知，孩子们确切地知道自己被问了
什么，他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D 项。
【36 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能
看到你。”A. responses 回答；B. approaches 方法；C. contribution 贡献；D. sensitivity 敏感性。根据下文
“to the questions”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A 项。
【37 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能
看到你。”A. ability 能力；B. belief 看法；C. identity 身份；D. purpose 目的。根据下文“I can see you only
if you can see me, too.”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B 项。
【38 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back 阻止；B. relate to 有关联；C. insist
on 坚持；D. make up 弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现
了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C 项。
【39 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中
心主义的结果。A. limitations 限制；B. requirements 必要条件；C. theories 理论；D. findings 调查发现。根
据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示实
验的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D 项。
【40 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative 实
验性的；B. impressive 令人印象深刻的；C. creative 创造性的；D. effective 有效的。根据上文“They simply
18 mutual recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，
孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D 项。
Cloze 8
【2022 年浙江卷6 月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it.
“Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He
throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is
___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that
can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and
feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to
___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager
should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your
directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against
you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good
___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16. A. deserve
B. miss
C. love
D. know
17. A. as if
B. in case
C. even though
D. so that
18. A. fear
B. excitement
C. doubt
D. astonishment
19. A. reasonable
B. limited
C. absolute
D. important
20. A. relief
B. satisfaction
C. achievement
D. responsibility
21. A. older
B. busier
C. quieter
D. healthier
22. A. on my behalf
B. on my part
C. in my honor
D. in my name
23. A. long-distance
B. high-risk
C. parent-child
D. teacher-student
24. A. afford
B. choose
C. wait
D. expect
25. A. attach
B. compare
C. adjust
D. introduce
26. A. safe
B. happy
C. proud
D. grateful
27. A. Above all
B. In addition
C. At first
D. For example
28. A. admit
B. believe
C. suggest
D. imagine
29. A. However
B. Therefore
C. Similarly
D. Fortunately
30. A. affection
B. determination
C. friendship
D. leadership
31. A. assess
B. organize
C. develop
D. understand
32. A. repeat
B. follow
C. change
D. forget
33. A. gesture
B. measure
C. bond
D. lack
34. A. telling
B. giving
C. selling
D. sending
35. A. management
B. personality
C. communication
D. education
【解题导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。
16.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A.
deserve 值得；B. miss 错过；C. love 爱；D. know 知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜
欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C 项。
17.A【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。
A. as if 好像；B. in case 以防；C. even though 即使；D. so that 以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为
虚拟语气，好像在飞。故选A 项。
18.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A.
fear 害怕；B. excitement 兴奋；C. doubt 怀疑；D. astonishment 惊讶。根据上文“He throws his arms and legs
out
2
he were flying,”可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B 项。
19.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了
我巨大的责任感。A. reasonable 合理的；B. limited 有限的；C. absolute 完全的，绝对的；D. important 重要
的。根据上文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信
任的。故选C 项。
20.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我
巨大的责任感。A. relief 宽慰；B. satisfaction 满意；C. achievement 成就；D. responsibility 责任。结合语境，
此处指孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D 项。
21.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需
要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. older 年龄较大的；B. busier 较为忙的；C. quieter 较安静的；D.
healthier 较健康的。根据下文“it will need more effort and sound judgment ____7____”可知，随着他长大，
这需要作者付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选A 项。
22.B【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这
需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. on my behalf 代表我；B. on my part 就我来说；C. in my honor
以我的名誉；D. in my name 以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要“我”付出更多努
力和做出正确的判断。故选B 项。
23.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东
西。A. long-distance 长途的；B. high-risk 高风险的；C. parent-child 父母子女的；D. teacher-student 师生的。
本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选C 项。
24.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。
A. afford 支付得起；B. choose 选择；C. wait 等待；D. expect 期望。根据上文“Trust is such an important part
of a ____8____ relationship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。afford to do sth“能够做某事”。故选A
项。
25.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉
得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach 贴上；B. compare 对比；C. adjust 调整； D. introduce 介绍。
根据下文“to something new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D 项。
26.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，
觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe 安全的；B. happy 快乐的；C. proud 自豪的； D. grateful 感
激的。根据上文“he trusts me”可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选A 项。
27.D【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，
如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. Above all 首先重要的是；B. In addition 除此之外；C. At first 首先；D. For
example 例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ____13____ ”可知，作者在举例子。
故选D 项。
28.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如
果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit 承认；B. believe 相信；C. suggest 建议；D. imagine 想象。根据上文
“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能
去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B 项。
29.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A.
However 然而；B. Therefore 因此；C. Similarly 相似地；D. Fortunately 幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移
到职场，所以同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C 项。
30.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A.
affection 感情；B. determination 决定；C. friendship 友谊；D. leadership 领导力。根据下文“It is something
that every manager”可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D 项。
31.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess 评估；
B. organize 组织；C. develop 发展，培养；D. understand 理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C 项。
32.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成
为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat 重复；B. follow 跟随；C. change 改变； D. forget 忘记。根据上文“If people
don’t trust you”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B 项。
33.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture 姿势；B.
measure 测量；C. bond 纽带；D. lack 缺少。根据下文“make people work against you rather than for you”可
知，缺乏信任会让人们与你作对。故选D 项。
34.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling 告诉；B.
giving 给；C. selling 卖；D. sending 发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B 项。
35.A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management
管理；B. personality 个性；C. communication 交流；D. education 教育。根据上文“in the workplace”以及
“manager”客户，作者在说管理。故选A 项。
Cloze 9
【2022 年浙江卷6 月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it.
“Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He
throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___
which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that
can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and
feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to
___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should
work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions
and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather
than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___,
like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16. A. deserve
B. miss
C. love
D. know
17. A. as if
B. in case
C. even though
D. so that
18. A. fear
B. excitement
C. doubt
D. astonishment
19. A. reasonable
B. limited
C. absolute
D. important
20. A. relief
B. satisfaction
C. achievement
D. responsibility
21. A. older
B. busier
C. quieter
D. healthier
22. A. on my behalf
B. on my part
C. in my honor
D. in my name
23. A. long-distance
B. high-risk
C. parent-child
D. teacher-student
24. A. afford
B. choose
C. wait
D. expect
25. A. attach
B. compare
C. adjust
D. introduce
26. A. safe
B. happy
C. proud
D. grateful
27. A. Above all
B. In addition
C. At first
D. For example
28. A. admit
B. believe
C. suggest
D. imagine
29. A. However
B. Therefore
C. Similarly
D. Fortunately
30. A. affection
B. determination
C. friendship
D. leadership
31. A. assess
B. organize
C. develop
D. understand
32. A. repeat
B. follow
C. change
D. forget
33. A. gesture
B. measure
C. bond
D. lack
34. A. telling
B. giving
C. selling
D. sending
35. A. management
B. personality
C. communication
D. education
【解题导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。
16.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A.
deserve 值得；B. miss 错过；C. love 爱；D. know 知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢
被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C 项。
17.A【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。
A. as if 好像；B. in case 以防；C. even though 即使；D. so that 以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚
拟语气，好像在飞。故选A 项。
18.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A.
fear 害怕；B. excitement 兴奋；C. doubt 怀疑；D. astonishment 惊讶。根据上文“He throws his arms and legs
out
2
he were flying,”可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B 项。
19.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了
我巨大的责任感。A. reasonable 合理的；B. limited 有限的；C. absolute 完全的，绝对的；D. important 重要
的。根据上文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任
的。故选C 项。
20.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我
巨大的责任感。A. relief 宽慰；B. satisfaction 满意；C. achievement 成就；D. responsibility 责任。结合语境，
此处指孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D 项。
21.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需
要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. older 年龄较大的；B. busier 较为忙的；C. quieter 较安静的；D.
healthier 较健康的。根据下文“it will need more effort and sound judgment ____7____”可知，随着他长大，
这需要作者付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选A 项。
22.B【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这
需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. on my behalf 代表我；B. on my part 就我来说；C. in my honor
以我的名誉；D. in my name 以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要“我”付出更多努
力和做出正确的判断。故选B 项。
23.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东
西。A. long-distance 长途的；B. high-risk 高风险的；C. parent-child 父母子女的；D. teacher-student 师生的。
本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选C 项。
24.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。
A. afford 支付得起；B. choose 选择；C. wait 等待；D. expect 期望。根据上文“Trust is such an important part
of a ____8____ relationship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。afford to do sth“能够做某事”。故选A 项。
25.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉
得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach 贴上；B. compare 对比；C. adjust 调整； D. introduce 介绍。
根据下文“to something new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D 项。
26.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，
觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe 安全的；B. happy 快乐的；C. proud 自豪的； D. grateful 感
激的。根据上文“he trusts me”可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选A 项。
27.D【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，
如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. Above all 首先重要的是；B. In addition 除此之外；C. At first 首先；D. For
example 例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ____13____ ”可知，作者在举例子。故
选D 项。
28.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如
果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit 承认；B. believe 相信；C. suggest 建议；D. imagine 想象。根据上文
“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能
去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B 项。
29.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A.
However 然而；B. Therefore 因此；C. Similarly 相似地；D. Fortunately 幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移
到职场，所以同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C 项。
30.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A.
affection 感情；B. determination 决定；C. friendship 友谊；D. leadership 领导力。根据下文“It is something
that every manager”可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D 项。
31.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess 评估；
B. organize 组织；C. develop 发展，培养；D. understand 理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C 项。
32.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成
为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat 重复；B. follow 跟随；C. change 改变； D. forget 忘记。根据上文“If people
don’t trust you”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B 项。
33.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture 姿势；B.
measure 测量；C. bond 纽带；D. lack 缺少。根据下文“make people work against you rather than for you”可知，
缺乏信任会让人们与你作对。故选D 项。
34.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling 告诉；B.
giving 给；C. selling 卖；D. sending 发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B 项。
35.A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management
管理；B. personality 个性；C. communication 交流；D. education 教育。根据上文“in the workplace”以及
“manager”客户，作者在说管理。故选A 项。
2021 年完形填空记叙文
Cloze 1
【2021 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for
three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little
bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown
needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to
my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of
this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply
icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit
and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d
_____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in
Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and
respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold
B. ordered
C. made
D. reserved
42. A. stores
B. families
C. schools
D. citizens
43. A. generous
B. financial
C. technical
D. temporary
44. A. plans
B. problems
C. excuses
D. hobbies
45. A. offer
B. earn
C. set
D. suggest
46. A. worked
B. closed
C. developed
D. survived
47. A. ambition
B. permission
C. experience
D. invitation
48. A. joys
B. ideas
C. roles
D. choices
49. A. Save
B. Keep
C. Stop
D. Remove
50. A. harder
B. better
C. longer
D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down
B. Slow down
C. Stay on
D. Move on
52. A. indicated
B. witnessed
C. expected
D. remembered
53. A. cried
B. smiled
C. hesitated
D. refused
54. A. tasting
B. finding
C. sharing
D. delivering
55. A. withdraw
B. donate
C. receive
D. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A
51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在一次春假时，我去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认
为这种工作不仅能让小孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
【41 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy 的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店
为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sold 销售；B. ordered 定制； C. made 制作；D. reserved 预定。根
据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing
eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，这家面包店为克
利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选C。
【42 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy 的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店
为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. stores 商店；B. families 家庭； C. schools 学校；D. citizens 市民
根据“throughout Cleveland”结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋
糕。故选A。
【43 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片
没有别的计划。A. generous 慷慨的； B. financial 财政的；C. technical 技术的； D. temporary 暂时的。根
据“during our spring break”可知这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
【44 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没
有别的计划。A. plans 计划；B. problems 问题；C. excuses 借口； D. hobbies 爱好。根据“beyond listening
to my favorite records”可知我没有其他计划。故选A。
【45 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer 提供；B. earn 挣得； C. set 放置；D. suggest 建议。
根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。
【46 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked 运作；B. closed 关闭；C. developed 发
展；D. survived 幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
【47 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy 的父亲，得到了
他们的同意 。A. ambition 抱负；B. permission 允许；C. experience 经历； D. invitation 邀请。根据“Our
48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ( 糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and
nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我们已经在工厂工作了，所以必然是得到了他们的同意。故选B。
【48 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。
把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. joys 欢乐； B. ideas 观点；C. roles 任务； D. choices 选择。根据“Place
cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知这
是我们的任务。故选C。
【49 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。
把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. Save 节省；B. Keep 保持；C. Stop 停止； D. Remove 移动。根据“bunny
from the belt.”可知这里意思是把兔子从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
50 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder 更难的；B. better 更好的； C. longer 更长的；
D. cheaper 更便宜的。根据“51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
【51 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down 平静下来； B. Slow down 慢一点；C.
Stay on 继续停留；D. Move on 往前走。根据“and the cakes pile up”可知这里意思是慢一点，就会造成蛋糕
堆积起来的后果。故选B。
【52 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一个晚上
晚餐上告诉父母的那样，一切都比我预料的要紧张。A.
indicated 表明； B. witnessed 目击； C. expected 预料；D. remembered 记得。根据“This was 50 than it
sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的实际情况比我预料的要紧张。故选C。
【53 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried 哭了； B. smiled 微笑；C. hesitated 犹豫； D. refused 拒绝。
根据“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This
was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told
me.”结合生活常识，可知父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经
历，父亲会心的笑了。故选B。
【54 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。A.
tasting 品尝；B. finding 找到；C. sharing 分享；D. delivering 送货。根据“The son of a grocer”可知作为一个
杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。故选D。
【55 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
A. withdraw 撤退；B. donate 捐赠； C. receive 收到；D. appreciate 欣赏。根据“the dollars you earned”结合
生活常识，可知孩子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬。故选D。
Cloze 2
【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many
times,and has even learned to ____21____ different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an
“Oscar-winning actor".
The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a ____22____ However,he is more devoted to his “____23____ "than any
real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the
____24____，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____25____ the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him
the ____26____ of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the ____27____ of the beggars.
“I often ____28____ them to drink alcohol. Once they were ____29____,they began to talk a lot,"Wang said.
“I'd then ____30____ myself to use the toilet, ____31____ what the beggars said, and send the ____32____ to my
teammates.”
Wang，who is often in ____33____ situations， is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close
enough, no criminal can ____34____ from me," he said.
Wang's ____35____ won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of
Merit.Paris.
21. A. teach
B. compare
C. assess
D. speak
22. A. lawyer
B. doctor
C. policeman
D. businessman
23. A. role
B. study
C. family
D. audience
24. A. minor
B. case
C. future
D. question
25. A. interviewed
B. joined
C. arrested
D. assisted
26. A. challenge
B. experience
C. appearance
D. freedom
27. A. vote
B. sympathy
C. permission
D. trust
28. A. invited
B. forced
C. helped
D. expected
29. A. drunk
B. deserted
C. bored
D. lost
30. A. guide
B. persuade
C. excuse
D. allow
31. A. refer to
B. note down
C. ask about
D. miss out
32. A. plan
B. agreement
C. direction
D. information
33. A. awkward
B. dangerous
C. unfortunate
D. strange
34. A. separate
B. recover
C. escape
D. hear
35. A. courage
B. honesty
C. kindness
D. optimism
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C
31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的38 年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不
同的方言，不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的38 年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让他
被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A.teach 教授；B.compare 比较；C.assess 评估； D.speak 讲话 。根据“Mr.
Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填D。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位60 岁的老人不是演员，而是警察 。A.lawyer 律师；B.doctor 医生；
C.policeman 警察；D.businessman 商人。根据“To look into the ，Wang disguised（伪
装）himself”以及“including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.”可知，王先生是
一名警察。故填C。
【23 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色”。A.role 角色；B.study 学
习； C.family 家庭；D.audience 观众 。根据“than any real actor.”可知，王投身于演员的角色中。故填
A。
【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.minor 未成年人，辅修；
B.case 情况,案件；C.future 未来；D.question 问题 。根据“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen
goods with the help of some beggars. ”可知，这是一起犯罪案件。故填B。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.interviewed 采访； B.joined
加入；C.arrested 逮捕；D.assisted 协助。根据“To look into the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快
赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.challenge 挑战；B.experience 经历；C.appearance 出现，外表； D.freedom 自由 。
根据“ Dirty shorts and old shoes”可知，这是描述外表。故填C。
【27 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快
赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.vote 投票；B.sympathy 同情；C.permission 批准；D.trust 信任。根据“ his
convincing dialect soon won him the”可知，他的方言讲得好，赢得乞丐们信任。故填D。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A.invited 邀
请；B.forced 强迫；C.helped 帮助；D.expected 期待。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，为了套话，王先
生请他们喝酒。故填A。
【29 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A.drunk
喝醉的； B.deserted 抛弃的； C.bored 无聊的；D.lost 失去的 。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，话多是
在喝醉后。故填A。
【30 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。
A.guide 引导；B.persuade 劝说； C.excuse 找借口；D.allow 允许 。根据“ and send the
to my teammates.”可知，为了发送出信息，王借口去厕所。故填C。
【31 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。
A.refer to 指的是；B.note down 作记录; C.ask about 询问；D.miss out 错过，遗漏。根据“what the beggars
said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言记下来。故填B。
【32 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。
A.plan 计划；B.agreement 同意；C.direction 指导；D.information 信息。根据“what the beggars said, ”可
知，这是重要信息。故填D。
【33 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王是经常在危险的情况下,也是一个柔道大师。A.awkward 尴尬的；
B.dangerous 危险的； C.unfortunate 不幸的；D.strange 奇怪的 。根据“ no criminal can
from me,"”可知，经常处于犯罪分子中，这是很危险的情况。故填B。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我离得够近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他说。A.separate 分离；B.recover
恢复； C.escape 逃避；D.hear 听到。根据“ is also a judo （柔道） master. ”可知，身为柔道大师，他不
放过罪犯。故填C。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的勇气为他赢得了许多荣誉，包括一枚全国五一劳动奖章和11 项嘉奖。
A.courage 勇气；B.honesty 诚实；C.kindness 善良；D.optimism 乐观。根据“Wang disguised（伪装）
himself”可知，王乔装打扮混入罪犯团伙，勇气可嘉。故填A。
Cloze 3
【2021 年北京卷】Recently，I took a trip home by train．I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with
sharp eyes，who kept____1____a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap．The woman's eye
fell on the man's face，and she immediately looked down and____2____her scarf．
As the night wore on，people began to close their eyes，but the seats were so uncomfortable that only a very
heavy sleeper could manage to get any____3____．The woman looked over at the man．He was still staring at
her．She looked back at him with fire in her eyes．I was beginning to get____4____，too．
The train moved on．The little boy was ____5____ awake on his mother's lap，but the woman dropped off
to sleep．A moment later，he began to____6____the half-open window—one leg went over it．The man jumped
up and ____7____the child just before he fell out．
The____8____ woke up the woman．She seemed to be in____9____，and then reality dawned （显现）．
“Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window，”the man said as he gave the child
back to her. ．“So I have been watching the whole time．”The woman was _____10_____，and so was I．
1. A. guiding
B. bothering
C. watching
D. monitoring
2. A. adjusted
B. changed
C. packed
D. waved
3. A. air
B. joy
C. space
D. rest
4. A. nervous
B. embarrassed
C. angry
D. disappointed
5. A. almost
B. still
C. hardly
D. even
6. A. drag
B. climb
C. knock
D. push
7. A. grabbed
B. rocked
C. touched
D. picked
8. A. alarm
B. quarrel
C. risk
D. noise
9. A. sorrow
B. relief
C. panic
D. pain
10. A. astonished
B. confused
C. concerned
D. inspired
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了火车上一位男子救下了爬上窗户的顽皮孩子的善举，最初孩子
的母亲因为男子总是盯着他们，对男子的第一印象不好，而最后得知原因十分惊讶。故事告诉我们很多事
情不能只看表面。
【1 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在一位中年男子对面的座位上，他目光敏锐，一直在注视着一位坐在靠窗
座位上的年轻女子，她的腿上坐着一个小男孩。A. guiding 带领；B. bothering 打扰；C. watching 看着；
D. monitoring 监控。根据上文“with sharp eyes”（有着敏锐的目光）以及下文第二段“He was still staring
at her．”（他仍然盯着她看。）可知，中年男子一直在看着女子，故选C。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女人的目光落在了男人的脸上，她立刻低下头，整理了一下围巾。A. adjusted
调整；B. changed 改变； C. packed 包装 ；D. waved 挥动，根据空格处and 前的动词低下头和空格后的
围巾，可知女人因为感到尴尬而低头故意整理围巾，故选A。
【3 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜渐渐深了，人们开始闭上眼睛，但座位太不舒服了，只有睡得很沉的人才能
设法休息。A. air 空气；B. joy 娱乐；C. space 空间；D. rest 休息。根据空格前点明时间是夜晚了和后面
睡得很沉的人，可知是为了获得一些休息。故选D。
【4 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也开始生气了。 A. nervous 紧张的；B. embarrassed 尴尬的；C. angry 生
气的；D. disappointed 失望的。根据with fire in her eyes 以及空格后too，可知“我”和女人的情绪是一样愤
怒生气的，故选C。
【5 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：小男孩躺在妈妈的腿上还醒着，但是妈妈已经睡着了。A. almost 几乎；B. still
仍然；C. hardly 几乎不；D. even 甚至。根据but the woman dropped off to sleep，可知母亲已经睡着，男孩
是醒着的，推断出来是仍然醒着的。故选B。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，他开始爬上半开着的窗户——一条腿跨过了窗户。A. drag 拖拉；
B. climb 爬上；C. knock 敲打；D. push 推动。根据空格后one leg went over it，可知小孩是在爬窗户，脚才
迈了出去，故选B。
【7 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在孩子掉下去之前，那人跳起来抓住了他。A. grabbed 抓着；B. rocked 摇晃；
C. touched 接触；D. picked 挑选。根据before he fell out 可知，男人跳起来是为了阻止孩子掉下去，所以要
抓住他，故选A。
【8 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：噪音把那个女人吵醒了。A. alarm 闹钟；B. quarrel 吵架；C. risk 风险；D.
noise 噪音。根据上文The man jumped up and grabbed the child just before he fell out 可知，男人和孩子一定
是弄出了很大
动静和声音，故选D。
【9 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她似乎在恐慌，然后明白过来。A. sorrow 悲伤；B. relief 减轻；C. panic 恐慌；
D. pain 痛苦。根据上文可知，女人一醒来看到男人抓着自己的孩子，女人对男人的印象不好，因此作为母
亲一定是很恐慌的，故选C。
【10 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女人很惊讶，我也很惊讶。A. astonished 惊讶；B. confused 困惑的；C.
concerned 关心的；D. inspired 受到鼓舞的。根据空格前的对话“ Your child has been looking for an
opportunity to climb out of the window ，” the man said as he gave the child back to her..“So I have been
watching the whole time.”(“你的孩子一直在找机会爬出窗户，”男人说着把孩子还给了她。“所以我一
直在看。”),可知女人对男人的印象不好，但是男人却救了他们的孩子，所以最后女人是感到意外和惊讶
的，故选A。
Cloze 4
【2021 年全国甲卷】It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill
blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___21___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___22___ some friends in the area. They had
asked him to ___23___ some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he ___24___ a suitcase full of pepperoni. As
he was ___25___ that it would be too warm, he ___26___ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his
pepperoni was ___27___ and well chilled (冷却) and he ___28___ .
That's when things went ____29____ “I remember walking down the long _____30_____ and opening the
door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of _____31_____ to the 4-star
hotel. "The seagulls immediately went _____32_____ . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to
_____33_____ at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were
falling down, It was a real _____34_____ .
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have _____35_____ and I admit responsibility of my _____36_____,” he said in the letter. “I come to you,
_____37_____ , to apologize for the-damage I had _____38_____ caused and to ask you to _____39_____ my
lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter _____40_____ . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the
Fairmont said.
21 A. studying
B. staying
C. looking
D. packing
22. A. visit
B. help
C. follow
D. make
23. A. sell
B. have
C. bring
D. taste
24. A. filled
B. locked
C. abandoned
D. lost
25. A. surprised
B. pleased
C. excited
D. worried
26. A. dug
B. cleared
C. cut
D. laid
27. A. delicious
B. safe
C. soft
D. ready
28. A. left
B. nodded
C. waited
D. regretted
29. A. far
B. funny
C. wrong
D. blind
30. A. beach
B. driveway
C. hall
D. table
31. A. application
B. apology
C. request
D. invitation
32. A. hungry
B. dead
C. missing
D. wild
33. A. wake up
B. get out
C. take off
D. break in
34. A. mess
B. puzzle
C. fight
D. challenge
35. A. recovered
B. retired
C. escaped
D. matured
36. A. suffering
B. plans
C. madness
D. actions
37. A. hands in pocket
B. nose in the air
C. hat in hand
D. feet on the ground
38. A. indirectly
B. deliberately
C. cautiously
D. secretly
39. A. replace
B. remember
C. reconsider
D. renew
40. A. arrived
B. worked
C. ended
D. disappeared
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C
31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Burchill 住酒店时，给朋友携带的意大利香肠招来了海
鸥，海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill 间接给酒店造成了损失。酒店把Burchill 列入
了黑名单，Burchill 被终身禁止入住该酒店。Burchill 诚恳地写了道歉信，请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁
止入住酒店的决定。最终，他的信起作用了。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burchill 出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A.
studying 研究；B. staying 停留；C. looking 看；D. packing 包装。根据“Burchill was 21 at the hotel on
business and planning to 22 some friends in the area.”及生活常识可知，Burchill 出差住在酒店，准备去
拜访当地的一些朋友，自然是在酒店收拾行李。故选D。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burchill 出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A. visit
拜访；B. help 帮助；C. follow 跟随；D. make 制作。根据“They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni
(辣香肠) from back east. So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，朋友让他带一些东西，由此推知
Burchill 准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。故选A。
【23 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来。A. sell 卖；B. have 有；C. bring 带
来； D. taste 品尝。根据“So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，Burchill 的朋友让他从美国东部
带些意大利香肠过来。故选C。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠。A. filled 装满；B. locked 锁上；C.
abandoned 抛弃；D. lost 丢失。根据“a suitcase full of pepperoni”和“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40
birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，他装了满满一箱子意大利香
肠。故选A。
【25 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. surprised 感
到惊讶的；B. pleased 高兴的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. worried 担心的。根据“he 26 it out on the table
near an open window.”可知，他担心意大利香肠会太热，所以把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。故选
D。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. dug 挖； B.
cleared 清除；C. cut 切下；D. laid 放。根据“it out on the table near an open window”可知，他把它放在桌子
上。故选D。
【27 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. delicious 美味的；
B. safe 安全的；C. soft 柔软的；D. ready 准备好。根据““I remember walking down the long 30 and
opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-
star hotel.”可知，Burchill 离开了，由此推知，他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好。故选B。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. left 离开；B.
nodded 点头；C. waited 等待；D. regretted 后悔。根据““I remember walking down the long 30 and
opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-
star hotel.”可知，Burchill 离开了。故选A。
【29 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事情就在这时出了问题。A. far 远的；B. funny 有趣的；C. wrong 失常的；D.
blind 盲目的。根据“The seagulls immediately went 32 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all
trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were
falling down, It was a real 34 .”可知，事情就在这时出了问题。故选C。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Burchill 在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的
大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。”A. beach 海滩；B. driveway 私人车道；C. hall 大厅；D. table 桌子。
根据“and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls”可知，Burchill 走过长长的大厅。故
选C。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Burchill 在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的
大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。” A. application 申请；B. apology 道歉；C. request 要求；D.
invitation 邀请。根据““I have 35 and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,” he said in the letter. “I
come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime
ban from the hotel.”
”可知，Burchill 给酒店写了一封道歉信。故选B。
【32 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海鸥立刻变得疯狂起来。A. hungry 饥饿的；B. dead 死亡的；C. missing 失踪
的； D. wild 疯狂的。根据“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time,
and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，海鸥被突然回到房间的Burchill 吓到了，变得疯狂起来。故选D。
【33 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们冲到窗口，30 或40 只鸟都想同时出去，到处都是意大利香肠。A. wake up
醒来；B. get out 出去；C. take off 起飞；D. break in 闯入。根据“They rushed to the window”及生活常识可
知，鸟看到人类很害怕，想同时从窗户逃出去。故选B。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：窗帘在落下，灯也在落下，真是一团糟。A. mess 混乱； B. puzzle 不解之谜；
C. fight 打架；D. challenge 挑战。根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，现
场一片混乱。故选A。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. recovered 恢复；B.
retired 退休；C. escaped 逃跑；D. matured 成熟。根据“and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,”可知，这
里意思是Burchill 认为自己成熟了。故选D。
【36 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. suffering 苦难；B.
plans 计划；C. madness 疯狂；D. actions 行为。根据“I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I
had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”可知，Burchill 承认对自己的行
为负责。故选D。
【37 题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身
禁止入住酒店的决定。A. hands in pocket 手放在口袋里； B. nose in the air 目中无人；C. hat in hand 毕恭毕
敬地；D. feet on the ground 脚踏实地。根据“to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you
to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”及生活常识可知，向别人道歉，应该表明自己是毕恭毕敬地。故
选C。
【38 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身
禁止入住酒店的决定。A. indirectly 间接；B. deliberately 故意地；C. cautiously 谨慎地；D. secretly 秘密地。
根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，作者携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，
海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill 间接给酒店造成了损失。故选A。
【39 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身
禁止入住酒店的决定。A. replace 取代；B. remember 记得；C. reconsider 重新考虑；D. renew 更新。根据
“my lifetime ban from the hotel.”和“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back,
the Fairmont said.”可知，Burchill 请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。故选C。
【40 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的信起作用了。A. arrived 到达；B. worked 起作用；C. ended 结束；D.
disappeared 消失。根据“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont
said.”可知，他的信起作用了。故选B。
Cloze 5
【2021 年浙江卷6 月】My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do
her ___16___ and visit the doctor, providing ___17___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to
go to a nearby store to ___18___ some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___19___ about
three dollars. The only ___20___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___21___ she could do without: a
bottle of rubbing alcohol（医用酒精）and a bar of soup. By taking of these, she was able to ___22___ the new
total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people ___23___ and then go off to the side to ___24___ their own groceries. My mother was
putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ___25___ came up to her and said, "Here are the things that you
___26___ ." handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ___27___ . My mother, who is never speechless, was
speechless. She ___28___ for the woman's name and address so that she could ___29___ her. The woman told her
it was her ___30___ .
My mother was so ___31___ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier（收
银员）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ___32___ the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough
___33___ for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ___34___ that not only helped my mother out, but
___35___ too.
16. A. exercise
B. housework
C. cooking
D. shopping
17. A. reward
B. medicine
C. company
D. shelter
18. A. return
B. collet
C. order
D. buy
19. A. shot
B. cautious
C. wrong
D. concerned
20. A. aim
B. way
C. advice
D. reason
21. A. weight
B. things
C. mask
D. glasses
22. A. raise
B. add
C. bring
D. switch
23. A. show up
B. call in
C. check out
D. sit down
24. A. store
B. select
C. deliver
D. bag
25. A. stranger
B. cashier
C. friend
D. doctor
26. A. looked for
B. talked about
C. threw away
D. put back
27. A. receipt
B. soap
C. cash
D. bottle
28. A. asked
B. waited
C. cared
D. searched
29. A. repay
B. trust
C. recognize
D. help
30. A. luck
B. chance
C. gift
D. turn
31. A. surprised
B. amused
C. touched
D. convinced
32. A. in case
B. even if
C. as though
D. so that
33. A. energy
B. money
C. space
D. time
34. A. faith
B. courage
C. kindness
D. honor
35. A. made her day
B. changed her mind
C. caught her eye
D. met her demand
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A
26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】【详解】【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在商店购物时，作者的母亲带的钱不够，
不得不将一些东西又放回去。一位陌生女人为作者母亲买下了这些东西。陌生人的行为感动了作者的母亲，
她决定将这份善意传递下去。
【小题1 详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周，我带母亲去购物，看医生。exercise 锻炼；housework
家务活；cooking 烹饪；shopping 购物。根据上文中的“My mother is 92”和下一句中的“go to a nearby
store”可知，作者母亲年纪大，每周作者带着母亲去“购物”。故选D。
【小题2 详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周，我都带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。reward 报酬，酬谢；
medicine 药；company 陪伴；shelter 遮蔽，庇护。根据前文“My mother is 92…I take my mother to do her
shopping and visit the doctor”可知，作者“陪同”上了年纪的母亲去购物，看医生。故选C。
【小题3 详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在这一周里，母亲喜欢去附近的一个商店买她需要的
一些小东西。return 返回；collect 收集；order 订购；buy 买。根据下文中的“small things she needs”可知，
作者母亲去一家附近的商店去“买”她所需要的一些小东西。故选D。
【小题4 详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她去付款的时候，她缺了大约3 美元。short 缺少的；
cautious 谨慎的；wrong 错误的；concerned 关心的。根据下文中的“The only way to pay for the groceries
was to take off the 39 she could do without…”可知，作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不
买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。由此推知，作者的母亲带的现金不够。故选A。
【小题5 详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂
放下。aim 目标；way 方法，方式；advice 建议；reason 原因。结合上题解析可知，作者的母亲带的现金不
够，所以把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下是她能够支付这些东西的唯一“方式”。故选B。
【小题6 详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂
放下。weight 重量；things 东西；mask 口罩；glasses 眼镜。根据下文中的“a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a
bar of soap”可知，医用酒精和肥皂是作者母亲暂时可以不买的“东西”。故选B。
【小题7 详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过拿掉这些东西，她最终能够使现在的商品总值达到了她
所带的现金金额范围。raise 提高；add 添加；bring 使……处于某种状况，使……到某地；switch 转变。根
据上文可知，母亲拿掉了一些东西才能够使得现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额。bring sth. to sth.
表示“使……处于某种状况”，符合语境。该处指“使商品总值达到母亲所带金额范围之内”。故选C。
【小题8 详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西
装到袋子里。show up 出现，露面；call in 叫……来，拜访；check out 结账离开；sit down 坐下。根据空后
的“then go off to the side”可知，在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去。故选C。
【小题9 详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西
装到袋子里。store 贮藏；select 挑选；deliver 递送；bag 把……装进袋子。根据下一句中的“putting her
groceries into shopping bags”可知，在这间店里，人们结完账之后，然后走到一边，将所购之物装进购物袋。
故选D。【小题10 详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一
个陌生人走过来，说……。stranger 陌生人；cashier 收银员；friend 朋友；doctor 医生。根据下文中的“She
___ for the woman’s name and address”可知，这个女人对作者的母亲而言是个陌生人，所以作者母亲要她的
姓名和地址。故选A。
【小题11 详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是你放回去的东西。look for 寻找；talk about 谈论；throw
away 扔掉；put back 放回。根据上一段的“…take off the ___ she could do without ：a bottle of rubbing
alcohol and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，由于缺大约3 美元，作者母亲将医用酒精和肥皂拿出
来，放回到货架上。故选D。【小题12 详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：…递给她医用酒精和肥皂。
receipt 收据；soap 肥皂；cash 现金；bottle 瓶子。根据上文中的“…take off the 41 she could do without：a
bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，作者母亲放回去的有医用酒精和一块
肥皂。现在陌生人帮作者母亲又把这些东西买了下来。故选B。
【小题13 详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址。ask 询问；wait 等待；care 在乎；
search 搜索。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲想要对方的姓名和住址以便报答对
方的帮助。故选A。
【小题14 详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。repay 报答；
trust 信任；recognize 认出；help 帮助。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲询问对方
的姓名和住址，这样就可以报答对方了。故选A。
【小题15 详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女人告诉她这是她的礼物。luck 运气；chance 机会；gift
礼物；turn（依次轮到的）机会。根据下一句中的“She was so ___ by her gesture that …”可知，这个女人并
没有告诉作者母亲她的姓名地址，并不期望作者母亲的报答。所以这是她给母亲的“礼物”。故选C。
【小题16 详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲如此感动以至于她决定回到那家商店给收银员5
美元的钞票。surprised 惊讶的；amused 被逗乐的；touched 受到触动的，感动的；convinced 相信的。陌生
女人的无私帮助感动了母亲。故选C。
【小题17 详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5 美元的钞票，以防同样的事情
（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。in case 以防，万一；even if 即使；as though
尽管；so that 以便，结果……。如果其他人遇到没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西时，母亲的五美元钞票可
以提供一些帮助。所以母亲给收银员一张5 美元的钞票，就是以防同样情况的发生。故选A。
【小题18 详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5 美元的钞票，以防同样的
事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。energy 能量，精力；money 钱；space 地
方，空间；time 时间。根据上文中的“a five-dollar bill”可知，作者母亲给收银员一张5 美元的钞票，以防
有人没有足够的“钱”来支付他们所购买的东西。故选B。
【小题19 详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为。faith 信任，信念；
courage 勇气；kindness 善良；honor 荣誉。陌生女人帮助母亲，这是一种“善意的”行为。故选C。
【小题20 详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不经帮助了我的母亲，而且
使她很开心。make one’s day 使某人开心；change one’s mind 改变主意；catch one’s eye 吸引某人的注意力；
meet one’s demand 满足某人的要求。得到帮助，作者母亲心情愉悦，十分开心。故选A。
Cloze 6
【2021 年天津卷第一次】 For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt
admitted that he got 16 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon
enough, his 17 took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to
sympathy 18 .
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 19 his stolen bike. But when he went bike
shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 20 of bikes was Covid-19 related,
and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 21 to get to work?
With that thought in mind, Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 23 to
fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again
24 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 25 to buy
one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 26 bicycles. Then came more than 500 27
for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 28 to
their owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 29 struggling. 30 simply satisfying a
material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to 31 skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings
of community. 32 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great 33 for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is
certainly providing a 34 , but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the 35
that he can make on people."
16．A．amazed
B．mad
C．curious
D．frightened
17．A．emotions
B．career
C．opinions
D．route
18．A．ever
B．together
C．instead
D．yet
19．A．ride
B．lock
C．repair
D．replace
20．A．lack
B．variety
C．increase
D．quality
21．A．instruction
B．qualification
C．transportation
D．permission
22．A．came up with B．stuck to
C．gave up
D．broke away from
23．A．remembered
B．refused
C．hesitated
D．offered
24．A．by accident
B．in advance
C．for free
D．on credit
25．A．profit
B．budget
C．courage
D．excuse
26．A．shared
B．used
C．expensive
D．modern
27．A．enquiries
B．advertisements
C．notices
D．announcements
28．A．exported
B．sold
C．lent
D．returned
29．A．hardly
B．slightly
C．truly
D．instantly
30．A．Without
B．Beyond
C．Upon
D．Among
31．A．practical
B．commercial
C．mathematical
D．social
32．A．Otherwise
B．However
C．Somehow
D．Meanwhile
33．A．promise
B．celebration
C．comfort
D．experience
34．A．competition
B．service
C．ceremony
D．suggestion
35．A．compromise
B．impression
C．impact
D．progress
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt 在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计划。
他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他
愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们
免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt 承认，去年9 月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A.
amazed 惊讶的；B. mad 生气的；C. curious 好奇的；D. frightened 害怕的。根据后文“letting go of his
anger”可知发现车被偷，Robbie Pruitt 当时很生气。故选B。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emotions 情绪；B. career 事业；C.
opinions 观点；D. route 路线。结合后文“After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a
road to sympathy”可知Robbie Pruitt 从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。故选A。
18．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever 曾经；B.
together 一起；C. instead 相反；D. yet 然而。结合上文“he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知，发现
自己的车被偷，Robbie Pruitt 放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故选C。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt 来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自
行车。A. ride 骑车；B. lock 锁上；C. repair 修理；D. replace 取代。根据后文“his stolen bike. But when he
went bike shopping”可知车被偷，Pruitt 要买车来取代被偷的自行车。故选D。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行
车与Covid-19 有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack 缺乏；B. variety 多样；C.
increase 增加；D. quality 质量。根据上文“he found few available”可知商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行
车与Covid-19 有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction 指令；B. qualification
资格；C. transportation 运输工具；D. permission 允许。根据前后文“needed … to get to work”可知，Pruitt
猜测偷自己自行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去上班。故选C。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt 想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A.
came up with 提出；B. stuck to 坚持；C. gave up 放弃；D. broke away from 突然逃跑。根据后文“a plan and
posted it on the community website”指想出了一个计划，come up with 符合语境。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remembered 记得；B.
refused 拒绝；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. offered 提议。结合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed
it”指Pruitt 提议为他人免费修车，offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”。故选D。
24．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident 偶
然；B. in advance 提前；C. for free 免费；D. on credit 赊账。呼应上文“fix bikes free of charge”他的修车都
是免费的。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. profit 利润；
B. budget 预算；C. courage 勇气；D. excuse 借口。根据前后文“folks who could truly use them but didn't have
the…to buy one”可知，Pruitt 捐车的对象是那些需要车但是预算不够，买不起的人，but 表示转折，说明预
算紧张。故选B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt 收到了30 辆二手自行车。A. shared 共享的；
B. used 二手的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. modern 现代的。根据上文“He also asked for unwanted bikes”可知，
Pruitt 也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30 辆二手自行车。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500 多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiries 询问；B.
advertisements 广告；C. notices 通知；D. announcements 公告。根据后文“for detailed information”可知有询
问详细信息的询问。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020 年底，Pruitt 已经修复了140 多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，
要么返还原主。A. exported 出口；B. sold 出售；C. lent 借给；D. returned 返回，返还。结合后文“to their
owners”指修好的车返还给主人，return 符合语境。故选D。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt 试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly 几乎
不；B. slightly 轻微地；C. truly 真实地；D. instantly 立即。此处呼应上文“folks who could truly use them”指
Pruitt 的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。
30．考查介词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修
理自行车的机会。A. Without 除了；B. Beyond 越过；C. Upon 在……上；D. Among 在……中间。结合后文
“simply satisfying a material need”表示“在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上”应用介词upon。故选C。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了实用技能，Pruitt 的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社
区感觉。A. practical 实际的；B. commercial 商业的；C. mathematical 数学的；D. social 社会的。根据上文
“he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.”可知，Pruitt 为
邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise 否则；B. However 然而；
C. Somehow 不知怎么；D. Meanwhile 同时。根据前后文语境，可知孩子们通过参加Pruitt 的课程，学到了
实用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile 符合语境。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说：“对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的
经历。”A. promise 承诺；B. celebration 庆祝；C. comfort 安慰；D. experience 经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt
的课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt 当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. competition 比赛；B.
service 服务；C. ceremony 典礼；D. suggestion 建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt 为人们免费修车，还为社区的
孩子教授如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. compromise 妥协；B. impression 印象；C.
impact 影响；D. progress 进步。根据后文“he can make on people”可知为短语make impact on“对……产生影
响”。故选C。
2020 年完形填空记叙文
Cloze 1
【2020 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near
some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a
very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the
area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of
snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the
27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He
turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went
looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each
sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water
would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-
grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21. A. dream
B. job
C. home
D. choice
22. A. nature
B. youth
C. culture
D. knowledge
23. A. precious
B. interesting
C. disturbing
D. awkward
24. A. waste
B. tension
C. pain
D. damage
25. A. Besides
B. However
C. Therefore
D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed
B. realized
C. remembered
D. predicted
27. A. noise
B. heat
C. disease
D. dust
28. A. directions
B. partners
C. help
D. shelter
29. A. labor
B. police
C. forest
D. finance
30. A. rebuilt
B. discovered
C. left
D. managed
31. A. Decorating
B. Observing
C. Watering
D. Guarding
32. A. tough
B. illegal
C. fantastic
D. beneficial
33. A. back
B. top
C. foot
D. side
34. A. cool down
B. keep off
C. purify
D. collect
35. A. returned
B. learned
C. failed
D. continued
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai 在印度的一个小村庄长大。16 岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨
大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai 决定改变这一切，
他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30 多年的时间里，他的努力使1360 英亩的天然土地
成为许多动植物的家园。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream 梦想；B.
job 工作；C. home 家；D. choice 选择。根据空前的second 可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些
“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature 自然；B. youth 青
春，年轻；C. culture 文化；D. knowledge 知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。
23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16 岁时，Molai 开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.
precious 宝贵的；B. interesting 有趣的；C. disturbing 令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward 尴尬的，笨拙
的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选
C。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。
A. waste 废物；B. tension 紧张；C. pain 疼痛，痛苦；D. damage 损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会
“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
25. 考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides 此外，另外；B. However 但是；C.
Therefore 因此；D. Otherwise 否则。根据as well 可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的
数量减少。故选A。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed 同意；
B. realized 意识到；C. remembered 记住，记起；D. predicted 预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是
因为没有足够的树木。故选B。
27. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise 噪音；
B. heat 热；C. disease 疾病；D. dust 尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎
热的影响。故选B。
28. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.
directions 方向；B. partners 伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help 帮助；D. shelter 遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动
物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor 劳动；B. police 警察；
C. forest 森林；D. finance 财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，
Molai 想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。
30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai 自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。
A. rebuilt 重建；B. discovered 发现；C. left 离开；D. managed 设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”
可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating 装饰；
B. Observing 观察到；C. Watering 浇水；D. Guarding 守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai 想尽办法收集水
的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。
32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough 困难的；
B. illegal 非法的；C. fantastic 极好的；D. beneficial 有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai 想尽办
法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai 在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞
的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back 背部；B. top 顶端；C. foot 脚；D. side 一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The
water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗
的”顶端”。故选B。
34. 考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai 在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞
的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down 冷却下来；B. keep off 与……保持距离；C. purify 净化，使纯净；D.
collect 收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故
选D。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37 年里，Molai 继续种树。A. returned 返回；B. learned 学会；C.
failed 失败；D. continued 继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360 英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
由此推知，在接下来的37 年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。
Cloze 2
【2020 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on
his way to work, he____21____his car to call 911. Then he____22____a U-turn, circling back to take another look.
Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames（火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or
hearing any fire engines____23____. Grant rushed to a side____24____and ran up the stairs.
On the second floor, he____25____every apartment door. "Get out!" Grant shouted, No one____26____and he
assumed that people had already____27____. Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant____28____a half-
open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a____29____woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby.
"Let's_____30_____!" he screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her
clothes. Grant didn't wait, clutching（抓牢）the baby to his chest and_____31_____the boy alongside, Grant ran
down the hallway. When he was_____32_____outside, the only_____33_____in sight was a policeman. Grant told
him about the_____34_____and they rushed into the smoky building.
Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for
their_____35_____.
21. A. drove
B. stopped
C. reached
D. abandoned
22. A. saw
B. made
C. missed
D. crossed
23. A. burning
B. leaving
C. approaching
D. waiting
24. A. entrance
B. road
C. building
D. window
25. A. locked
B. kicked
C. counted
D. repaired
26. A. agreed
B. cared
C. responded
D. understood
27. A. arrived
B. returned
C. hidden
D. escaped
28. A. skipped
B. closed
C. noticed
D. remembered
29. A. frightened
B. curious
C. patient
D. grateful
30. A. turn back
B. go up
C. get out
D. lie down
31. A. following
B. dragging
C. examining
D. passing
32. A. safely
B. secretly
C. suddenly
D. previously
33. A. witness
B. guide
C. service
D. help
34. A. woman
B. door
C. car
D. baby
35. A. wisdom
B. generosity
C. honesty
D. courage
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C
31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟并且楼上窗户
喷火，他就冲上楼救了两个孩子，并且告诉警察上面还有一个女人，于是女人也获救了。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当吉姆·格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟时，他停下车打911。A.
drove 驾驶；B. stopped 停下来；C. reached 到达；D. abandoned 抛弃。分析可知，大楼冒黑烟是着火了，所
以停下车去拨打911 报警符合题意，故选B。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他掉头，绕回来再看一眼。A. saw 看；B. made 做；C. missed 错过；D.
crossed 交叉；横过。make a U-turn 意为掉头，固定搭配。故选B。
【23 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼的窗户里喷出来。没有看到或听到任
何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. burning 燃烧；B. leaving 离开；C. approaching 接近；D.
waiting 等待。分析可知，火焰都已经从二楼喷出来，并且可以看出格兰特跑上楼梯去救火，可以推测是因
为消防车没来，此处approaching 表示接近，符合题意，故选C。
【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼的窗户里喷出来。没有看到或听到任
何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. entrance 入口；B. road 路；C. building 楼；D. window 窗
户。根据语境可知，二楼窗户喷火并且消防车没来所以格兰特冲到侧门是为了救火，符合题意，side
entrance 侧门。故选 A。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在二楼，他踢了每个公寓的门。A. locked 锁；B. kicked 踢；C. counted 计算；
D. repaired 修。根据上文可知，大楼着火了。格兰特冲上楼去救火，所以踢门符合题意，是为了看里面是
否有人。故选B。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. agreed 同意；B. cared 照顾；C.
responded 回应；D. understood 理解。分析可知，格兰特踢门问里面是否有人，再结合后面他认为人已经逃
走了可以判断出是没有人回应他。故选C。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. arrived 到达；B. returned 返回；C.
hidden 藏；D. escaped 逃离。分析可知，格兰特踢门但没有人回应，所以他以为人们已经逃走（escaped）
符合题意，故选D。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达走廊尽头时，格兰特注意到一扇半开的门。A. skipped 跳；B. closed
关闭；C. noticed 注意；D. remembered 记得。分析可知，上文格兰特以为人们都逃走了，并且格兰特是来
救人的，所以格兰特注意到一扇半开的们符合题意，故选C。
【29 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把它踢得很宽，发现一个坐在轮椅上的吓坏了的女人，她带着一个小男孩
和一个小婴儿。A. frightened 害怕的；B. curious 好奇的；C. patient 耐心的；D. grateful 感谢的。分析可知，
发生了火灾，所以女人是害怕的符合题意，故选A。
【30 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们出去吧！”他大声喊道。A. turn back 返回；B. go up 上升；C. get out 出
去；D. lie down 躺下。分析可知，格兰特找到了被困人员，所以要带他们出去符合句意，故选C。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：格兰特没有等，他把婴儿抱起来，把男孩拖到旁边，沿着走廊跑去。A.
following 跟随；B. dragging 拖；C. examining 测试；D. passing 通过。分析可知，要救他们出去，所以拖着
男孩跑出去符合题意，故选B。
【32 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他安全地到外面时，唯一看得见的帮助就是一个警察。A. safely 安全地；B.
secretly 秘密地；C. suddenly 突然地；D. previously 以前地。分析可知，格兰特把被困人员救了出来，所以
只有安全地到达外面符合题意，故选A。
【33 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他安全地在外面时，看得见的唯一能够帮忙的人就是一个警察。A. witness
目击者；B. guide 指南；C. service 服务；D. help 帮助。分析可知，警察是提供帮助的，故选D。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：格兰特告诉他那个女人（还在里面），他们冲进烟雾弥漫的大楼。A. woman 女
人；B. door 门；C. car 车；D. baby 婴儿。分析可知，格兰特把婴儿和男孩救出来了，女人还没有出来，所
以他告诉警察那个女人还在里面，符合题意，故选A。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他们，一家人才从火灾中获救。格兰特和警察因他们的勇气而受到表彰。
A. wisdom 智慧；B. generosity 慷慨；C. honesty 诚实；D. courage 勇气。分析可知，警察和格兰特冲进大火
里救了这一家人，是非常有勇气的，所以因他们的勇气而受到表彰符合题意，故选D。
Cloze3
【2020 年新课标Ⅱ】It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be
41 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As
he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44
on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he
thought would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo
finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the
same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought
that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名)
“Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 52 he had
never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the
same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in our picture,”Nicolo’s son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they
56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58
Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 59 called the Italian Culture
Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.
41. A. attached
B. allocated
C. exposed
D. submitted
42. A. finished
B. delayed
C. considered
D. tried
43. A. attended
B. reserved
C. cancelled
D. run
44. A. shown
B. found
C. kept
D. hidden
45. A. nice
B. familiar
C. useful
D. real
46. A. battled
B. debated
C. discussed
D. bargain
47. A. held
B. left
C. registered
D. brought
48. A. chosen
B. received
C. ordered
D. moved
49. A. missed
B. failed
C. taken
D. led
50. A. concrete
B. unusual
C. unappealing
D. natual
51. A. appreciated
B. touched
C. researched
D. witnessed
52. A. painter
B. designer
C. author
D. actor
53. A. expected
B. surprised
C. anxious
D. ready
54. A. room
B. kitchen
C. hall
D. garden
55. A. apparently
B. confidently
C. eventually
D. temporarily
56. A. owned
B. borrowed
C. sold
D. stole
57. A. collected
B. cleaned
C. framed
D. studied
58. A. suitably
B. actually
C. rightly
D. specifically
59. A. girl
B. artist
C. family
D. police
60. A. copies
B. originals
C. models
D. presents
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. B
51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo 的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。
后来他学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的
官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000 万美元。
41. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo 完成了一整夜在Turin 一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的
隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached 参加；B. allocated 分配；C. exposed 暴露；D. submitted 上交。根据下
文的because of Italy's privacy 可知此处用be exposed to“暴露”符合语境，故选C 项。
42. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo 完成了一整夜在Turin 一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因为意大利
的隐私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished 完成；B. delayed 推迟；C. considered 考虑；D. tried 尝试。根据上文
的It was just after sunrise on a June morning 可推测Nicolo 刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，
故选A 项。
43. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方
进行的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. attended 参加；B. reserved 保护；C. cancelled 取
消；D. run 进行。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D 项。
44. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警察管
理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. shown 展示；B. found 发现；C. kept 保存；D.
hidden 隐藏。根据句意可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从一列火车上发现的，故选B 项。
45. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicolo 看到了两幅画，他觉得它们看起来挂
在自己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice 漂亮的；B. familiar 熟悉的；C. useful 有用的； D. real 真的。根据下
文的Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推测Nicolo 认为这两幅
画挂在自己的餐桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价买，故选A 项。
46. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo 和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo 最终以32 美元的价格赢得了
这两幅画。A. battled 竞争；B. debated 辩论；C. discussed 讨论；D. bargained 讨价还价。根据上文的were
sold to the highest bidder 可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A 项。
47.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicolo 退休去Sicily 居住时，他带上了这两幅画。A. held 拿着；B. left
离开，留下；C. registered 注册；D. brought 带来。根据下文的he hung them above the same table 可知，
Nicolo 搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D 项。
48. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从Turin 搬来的。A.
chosen 选择；B. received 收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved 搬。根据上文的the same table 可知，Nicolo 搬
家时也把桌子搬来了，故选D 项。
49. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15 岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花
园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. missed 错过；B. failed 失败；C. taken 拿；D. led 导致。根据句意可知，此处
考查固定短语take classes“上课”，故选C 项。
50. B 考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15 岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那副有一个年轻女
孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. concrete 具体的；B. unusual 不寻常的；C. unappealing 不吸引人的；
D. natural 自然的。根据下文的it was signed ''Bonnato'' or he thought 可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名
画家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B 项。
51. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato 或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了
“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. appreciated 欣赏；B. touched 触摸；C. researched 研究；D.
witnessed 目睹。根据下文的he only found ''Bonnard''可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C 项。
52. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato 或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了
Bonnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. painter 画家；B. designer 设计师；C. author 作家；D. actor 演
员。根据下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard 可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A 项。
53. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard 的画，
他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. expected 意料的；B. surprised 惊讶的；C. anxious
焦虑的；D. ready 准备好的。根据下文的sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting 可知
此处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B 项。
54. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard 的画，
他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. room 房间；B. kitchen 餐厅； C. hall 大厅；D.
garden 花园。根据上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair 可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden 是
原词复现，故选D 项。
55. C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A.
apparently 明显地；B. confidently 自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary 暂时的。根据上文的he bought
a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his
father's painting 可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一副画的名字，
故选C 项。
56. A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. owned 拥有；
B. borrowed 借；C. sold 卖；D. stole 偷。根据上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，这幅画的
所有权是Nicolo 的，即他们拥有它，故选A 项。
57. D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin 的《Still Life of Fruit on a
Table with a Small Dog》。A. collected 收集；B. cleaned 打扫；C. framed 制定；D. studied 研究。根据上文
的but when he 51 it 可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research 和study 是同义词复现，故选D 项。
58. B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin 的《Still Life of Fruit
on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. suitably 适合地；B. actually 事实上；C. rightly 正确地；D. specifically 具
体地。根据句意可知，此处是指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B 项。
59. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000
万美元。A. girl 女孩；B. artist 艺术家；C. family 家庭；D. police 警察。根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicolo
一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C 项。
60. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000
万美元。A. copies 复制品；B. originals 原版；C. models 模型；D. presents 礼物。根据下文的as much as
$50 million 可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原版，故选B 项。
Cloze 4
【2020 年北京卷】My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after our family
get-together in the town of Vail.
On Saturday, we all went to the market right in the middle of the town. Near the end, we all____11____at the
fountain near the bridge, and the kids waded（蹚水）around in the fountain until we____12____. This is one of
the busiest walking streets.
After we returned to the hotel late in the afternoon, my 7-year-old son Ponder____13____that nowhere could
he find his backpack, which____14____his Gameboy and his watch. After a thorough____15____we determined
that he must have left it at the fountain.
Ponder has never____16____anything. So we just take for granted that he needs no supervision（指导）for
managing his____17____.
He was upset, not about the Gameboy, but about the watch. "But Dad," he said, through massive____18____,
"they don't make that kind of watch anymore." We were all very____19____.
Our dinner reservation was at a restaurant just on the other side of the bridge, so I_____20_____him that we
would not only search the area around the fountain when we went back for dinner, but we would also find the
police and ask them if the backpack had been_____21_____.
As we exited from the parking garage, we could see the fountain as we walked down the long staircase. I saw
something black_____22_____there, but it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain, so I could
not_____23_____what it was or if it was hers.
"See it, Dad?" Ponder shouted. "Don't get too_____24_____because that may not be it," I said. But that was it.
It had been five or six hours since we left the fountain, and it was_____25_____there. There was no ID in it, and it
looked like someone had looked through it and then set it right out where all could_____26_____it.
I literally_____27_____when we reached it and it was his！Everyone in our party was blown away by this
"miracle（奇迹）". In my wildest_____28_____, I would never have imagined that this could happen nowadays.
What a charmed life, eh? I believe this was a perfect_____29_____for a child in losing something important…
to lose it and feel the full_____30_____of that loss, and then to miraculously get it back.
11. A. drove
B. hiked
C. met
D. united
12. A. landed
B. left
C. settled
D. slept
13. A. responded
B. recognized
C. realised
D. recalled
14. A. contained
B. combined
C. comprised
D. covered
15. A. preparation
B. checkup
C. revision
D. search
16. A. wasted
B. lost
C. sough
D. deserted
17. A. emotion
B. time
C. money
D. stuff
18. A. tears
B. fists
C. reliefs
D. outbreaks
19. A. hesitant
B. curious
C. sad
D. eager
20. A. promised
B. informed
C. warned
D. taught
21. A. worn out
B. caught up
C. put away
D. turned in
22. A. hiding
B. sitting
C. swinging
D. flowing
23. A. assess
B. declare
C. tell
D. predict
24. A. excited
B. puzzled
C. relaxed
D. amused
25. A. already
B. even
C. almost
D. still
26. A. take
B. see
C. touch
D. protect
27. A. panicked
B. exploded
C. collapsed
D. cried
28. A. dreams
B. claims
C. efforts
D. passions
29. A. mode
B. lesson
C. option
D. plot
30. A. range
B. pressure
C. weight
D. harvest
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A
21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者儿子丢失背包，五六个小时过后，背包在丢失的地方
被找到了，这让作者真正意识到了人性信仰的伟大。
【11 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：快结束时，我们都在桥边的喷泉边集合，孩子们在喷泉里涉水，直到我们离开。
A. drove 开车；B. hiked 徒步旅行；C. met 遇见、集合；D. united 团结。由上文的we all went to the market
right in the middle of the town 可知，作者一家去了市中心的集市，集市会很拥挤繁忙，作者一家人容易走
散，所以约定好在桥边的喷泉边集合。故选C 项。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：快结束时，我们都在桥边的喷泉边集合，孩子们在喷泉里涉水，直到我们离开。
A. landed 着陆；B. left 离开；C. settled 定居；D. slept 睡觉。由上文的Near the end 可知，作者一家要结束
今天行程了，此处指孩子在喷泉里涉水，直到他们离开。故选B 项。
【13 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午晚些时候我们回到酒店后，我7 岁的儿子庞德意识到，他找不到他的背包，
里面包含（装）着他的游戏机和手表。A. responded 回答；B. recognized 认出；C. realised 意识到；D.
recalled 回忆。由下文的nowhere could he find his backpack 和下文到处找背包可知，庞德意识到他找不到他
的背包了。故选C 项。
【14 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午晚些时候我们回到酒店后，我7 岁的儿子庞德意识到，他找不到他的背包，
里面包含（装）着他的游戏机和手表。A. contained 包含；B. combined 结合；C. comprised 包括；D.
covered 覆盖。contain 指所涉及的物体常常是其组成部分或内容，强调包容关系，既可指具体有形的东西，
也可指抽象无形的东西；comprise 暗指一个整体包括不同部分所组成，强调“由许多部分构成一个整体”。
由本处语境可知，庞德找不到他的背包，背包里包含他的游戏机和手表，背包和游戏机及手表不是一个整
体，是包容关系，应用contain。故选A 项。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过彻底搜查，我们断定他一定是把它落在喷泉边了。A. preparation 准备；B.
checkup 检查；C. revision 修订；D. search 搜寻。由下文的we determined that he must have left it at the
fountain 可知，作者他们断定庞德一定是把它落在喷泉边了，说明他们肯定经过了彻底搜查。故选D 项。
【16 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：庞德从未丢失过任何东西。A. wasted 浪费；B. lost 丢失；C. sough 作沙沙声；
D. deserted 抛弃。由下文语境可知，作者他们认为庞德不需要人来监督管理自己的东西，是因为庞德从未
丢失过任何东西，他们相信庞德，才不监督管理庞德的东西，前后句是因果关系。故选B 项。
【17 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我们就想当然地认为他不需要人来监督管理他的东西。A. emotion 情绪；
B. time 时间；C. money 金钱；D. stuff 东西。由上文语境可知，庞德从未丢失过任何东西，作者他们相信
庞德，所以他们才不监督管理庞德的东西。故选D 项。
【18 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“但是爸爸，”他流眼泪说，他们不再做那种手表了。A. tears 眼泪；B. fists 拳
头；C. reliefs 放松；D. outbreaks 暴发。由上文的He was upset 和下文的they don't make that kind of watch
anymore 可知，庞德很难过，因为这种手表不再生产，他难过的流眼泪了。故选A 项。
【19 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都很伤心。A. hesitant 犹豫的；B. curious 好奇的；C. sad 悲伤的；D.
eager 渴望的。由上文语境可知，庞德难过的流眼泪了，作为父母的作者，肯定也感到伤心。故选C 项。
【20 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们预订的晚餐就在桥对面的一家餐馆，所以我承诺他，我们回去吃晚饭时，
不仅要搜查喷泉周围的区域，而且还要找到警察，问他们背包有没有上交。A. promised 承诺；B. informed
通知；C. warned 警告；D. taught 教。由下文的we would not only search the area around the fountain when we
went back for dinner, but we would also find the police and ask them if the backpack had been____11__可知，作
者承诺了庞德他们会尽力寻找背包，不仅要搜查喷泉周围的区域，而且还要找到警察。故选A 项。
【21 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们预订的晚餐就在桥对面的一家餐馆，所以我承诺他，我们回去吃晚饭时，
不仅要搜查喷泉周围的区域，而且还要找到警察，问他们背包有没有上交。A. worn out 磨损；B. caught up
赶上；C. put away 收起；D. turned in 上交。由上文的but we would also find the police 可知，作者找警察是
想问有没有人把背包上交到警察局。故选D 项。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看见一个黑色的东西被放在那里，但它就在一个站在喷泉旁边的女人旁边，
所以我不知道那是什么东西，也不能分辨是不是她的。A. hiding 躲藏；B. sitting 被放在；C. swinging 摇摆；
D. flowing 流动。由下文的it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain 可知，黑色的东西在站在喷泉
旁边的女人旁边，此处指一个黑色的东西被放在喷泉那儿。故选B 项。
【23 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看见一个黑色的东西被放在那里，但它就在一个站在喷泉旁边的女人旁边，
所以我不知道那是什么东西，也不能分辨是不是她的。A. assess 评价；B. declare 宣布；C. tell 分辨；D.
predict 预料。由上文的it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain 可知，被放在喷泉那儿的黑色的
东西就在站在喷泉旁边的女人旁边，作者无法分辨黑色的东西是不是女人的。故选C 项。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要太激动，因为可能不是你的背包。A. excited 兴奋的；B. puzzled 困惑的；
C. relaxed 放松的；D. amused 好笑的。由上文的"See it, Dad?" Ponder shouted 可知，庞德看到一个黑色的东
西被放在喷泉那儿，大叫起来，说明他很兴奋。故选A 项。
【25 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们离开喷泉已经有五六个小时了，背包还在那儿。A. already 已经；B. even
甚至；C. almost 几乎；D. still 仍然、还。由下文的when we reached it and it was his 可知，作者他们找到了
背包，说明五六个小时过后，背包还在喷泉那儿。故选D 项。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里面没有身份证，看上去好像有人看过，然后把它放在所有人都能看到的地方。
A. take 拿；B. see 看；C. touch 摸；D. protect 保护。由上文的There was no ID in it 和then set it right out 可
知，包里没有身份证，有人把身份证放在外面，是为了让人看到，辨认身份。故选B 项。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的哭了，当我们到达它那里，黑色的东西是他的！A. panicked 恐慌；B.
exploded 爆炸；C. collapsed 坍塌；D. cried 哭。由上文语境可知，作者从未相信人性信仰的伟大，发现五
六个小时过后，背包还在喷泉那儿，没人拿走，这简直是个奇迹，作者感动得哭了。故选D 项。
【28 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我最疯狂的梦里，我从来没有想到现在会发生这种事。A. dreams 梦想；B.
claims 声明；C. efforts 努力；D. passions 热情。由上文语境和下文的I would never have imagined that this
could happen nowadays 可知，五六个小时过后，背包还在喷泉那儿，没人拿走，这简直是个奇迹，作者做
梦都未想到这种事会发生。故选A 项。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信这是一个完美的教训，让孩子失去重要的东西……失去它，感受失去的
全部重量，然后奇迹般地找回它。A. mode 模式；B. lesson 教训；C. option 选择；D. plot 情节。由下文语
境可知，让孩子失去重要的东西，感受失去的全部重量，然后奇迹般地找回它，这可以给孩子一个教训
（让孩子珍视自己拥有的东西）。故选B 项。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信这是一个完美的教训，让孩子失去重要的东西……失去它，感受失去的
全部重量，然后奇迹般地找回它。A. range 范围；B. pressure 压力；C. weight 重量；D. harvest 收获。由上
文语境可知，庞德丢失背包后，难过得哭了，说明这种失去的“重量”让他无法承受，所以他伤心。故选
C 项。
Cloze 5
【2020 年浙江卷1 月】I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood，the one about
a___36___is my mother's favorite.
I was only two when the___37___occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the
car and ___38___to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief___39___to dash across the lawn(草坪)-and
hit a large maple tree！I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and___40___on my backside.
Mom___41___me to start crying，but I just sat there for a minute. Then I___42___myself up and kept right on
going. Mom always___43___here that，as many times as I___44___across the lawn after that，I never
again___45___into that tree.
Mom loves to use this story as an___46___. It reminds her that children don't enter life___47___to take risks
or unwilling to___48___again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that___49___as I grew older.
When I___50___my major life decisions，I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied
abroad and later moved away from my parents' home to look for a___51___, Through years of___52___, I have
become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.
We are almost certain to get___53___at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that
happens，don't sit in the grass and___54___.Just get up and keep on going It will all be worth it___55___.
36. A. trip
B. race
C. tree
D. driver
37. A. incident
B. change
C. illness
D. problem
38. A. feared
B. refused
C. forgot
D. turned
39. A. delay
B. absence
C. freedom
D. rest
40. A. landed
B. slept
C. laughed
D. wept
41. A. promised
B. encouraged
C. allowed
D. expected
42. A. woke
B. picked
C. warmed
D. gave
43. A. adds
B. replies
C. admits
D. supposes
44. A. drove
B. lived
C. stood
D. zoomed
45. A. crashed
B. broke
C. climbed
D. looked
46. A. answer
B. example
C. excuse
D. order
47. A. able
B. ashamed
C. afraid
D. anxious
48. A. ask
B. share
C. learn
D. try
49. A. honesty
B. toughness
C. kindness
D. curiosity
50. A. regretted
B. reviewed
C. made
D. explained
51. A. job
B. friend
C. fortune
D. house
52. A. memories
B. efforts
C. research
D. experience
53. A. mixed up
B. fed up
C. knocked down
D. settled down
54. A. play
B. relax
C. dream
D. cry
55. A. all at once
B. in the end
C. in either case
D. as a result
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. A
46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者两岁时趁母亲不注意，在草坪上快速跑过时撞到了一棵树，作者没
有哭，只是坐了一分钟然后自己站起来继续前进。这个故事也激励着作者一直保持韧性，最终通过努力成
为了一位老师。作者想要告诉我们，在实现目标的过程中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒，但是只要
不放弃最后都会是值得的。
【36 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我童年早期的所有故事中，关于一棵树的故事是我母亲最喜欢的。A. trip 旅
行；B. race 赛事；C. tree 树木；D. driver 司机。结合后文讲述作者小时候撞到一颗枫树的故事，可推知母
亲最喜欢讲述的故事是关于这棵树的。故选C。
【37 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次事件出现时我只有两岁。A. incident 事件；B. change 改变；C. illness 疾病；
D. problem 问题。结合下文讲述故事的经过可知此处是指事情发生在作者两岁时。故选A。
【38 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈把我抱出车外，转过身去和司机说话。A. feared 害怕；B. refused 拒绝；C.
forgot 忘记；D. turned 转向。结合后文to speak to the driver 可知作者的妈妈转过身去和司机说话，没有注
意到作者。故选D。
【39 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我利用短暂的自由冲过草坪，撞到了一棵大枫树！A. delay 延迟；B. absence 缺
席；C. freedom 自由；D. rest 休息。结合上文作者的母亲在和司机说话，没有注意到作者，因此作者利用
母亲不注意的短暂自由，撞到了一棵大枫树。故选C。
【40 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑得太快了，撞在树干上，仰面着地。A. landed 降落；着陆；B. slept 睡觉；
C. laughed 大笑；D. wept 哭泣。结合后文on my backside 作者撞到了树干，仰面着地。故选A。
【41 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈预计我要哭了，但我只是在那里坐了一分钟。A. promised 承诺；B.
encouraged 鼓励；C. allowed 允许；D. expected 期待；预料。结合后文me to start crying 可知母亲预料作者
会哭。故选D。
【42 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我自己站了起来，继续前进。A. woke 唤醒；B. picked 挑选；C. warmed 温
暖；D. gave 给予。结合后文myself up and kept right on going 可知作者重站起来，继续前进。短语pick
oneself up“跌倒后起来；振作精神”。故选B。
【43 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈总是在这里补充说，在那之后，尽管我快速冲过草坪很多次，我再也没有
撞到那棵树。A. adds 添加；补充；B. replies 回复；C. admits 承认；D. supposes 认为。结合后文的叙述可知，
母亲是在对之后发生的事情进行补充。故选A。
【44 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我快速冲过草坪很多次，我再也没有撞到那棵树。A. drove 驾驶；B. lived
居住；C. stood 站立；D. zoomed 疾行。结合上文to dash across the lawn-and hit a large maple tree！可知此处
是指后来作者快速冲过草坪很多次。故选D。
【45 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我快速冲过草坪很多次，我再也没有撞到那棵树。A. crashed 碰撞；坠落；
B. broke 打破；C. climbed 攀爬；D. looked 看着。结合后文into that tree 可知是虽然后来也穿过草坪很多次，
但作者再也没有撞上那棵树。短语crash into“撞上”。故选A。
【46 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈喜欢用这个故事作为例子。A. answer 答案；B. example 例子；C. excuse 借
口；D. order 命令。结合第一段中提到的作者妈妈总是爱讲这棵树的故事，可知妈妈是将这棵树的故事作
为提醒自己的一个例子。故选B。
【47 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。
A. able 能干的；B. ashamed 羞愧的；C. afraid 害怕的；D. anxious 焦急的。结合上文作者趁着妈妈不注意快
速冲过草坪可知，孩子们并不害怕冒险。故选C。
【48 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A.
ask 询问；B. share 分享；C. learn 学会；D. try 尝试。结合上文作者在撞到树后，只是坐了一分钟又自己站
起来继续前进，可知孩子在跌倒时不会不愿意再次尝试。故选D。
【49 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不希望我长大后失去那种韧性。A. honesty 诚实；B. toughness 坚韧；C.
kindness 善良；D. curiosity 好奇心。这种遇到挫折还继续前进的精神是一种韧性。故选B。
【50 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我做出人生重大决定时，我还是那个全速跑过草坪的小女孩。A. regretted 遗
憾；B. reviewed 复习；C. made 做；D. explained 解释。结合后文my major life decisions 可知是做人生的重
大决定。短语make a decision“做决定”。故选C。
【51 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我出国留学，后来离开父母的家去找工作。A. job 工作；B. friend 朋友；C.
fortune 财富；D. house 房子。结合后文作者成为了老师可知是离开父母的家去找工作。故选A。
【52 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的努力，我已经成为了一名受人尊敬的老师。A. memories 记忆；B.
efforts 努力；C. research 研究；D. experience 经历。结合第一段可知作者看不见，因此付出了许多年的努力
才成为一名老师。故选B。
【53 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在实现目标的过程中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒。A. mixed up 混合；
B. fed up 养壮；C. knocked down 撞倒；D. settled down 定居；解决。此处作者作出总结，人生总会有遇到
像撞到树上那样，被打倒的时刻。故选C。
【54 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，不要坐在草地上哭泣。A. play 玩耍；B. relax 放松；C.
dream 梦想；D. cry 哭泣。结合后文Just get up and keep on going 可知作者认为当遇到不如意的时候，不要
坐在草地上哭泣，而是应该站起来继续前进。故选D。
【55 题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：到最后一切都会是值得的。A. all at once 突然；B. in the end 最后；C. in either case
不论发生何种情况；D. as a result 结果。结合作者的人生经历可知，遇到挫折只要不放弃继续前行，最后
一切都会是值得的。故选B。
2019 年完形填空记叙文
Cloze 1
【2019
Ⅱ
年全国卷】It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota.
During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen
___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___.
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the
two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___
away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with
___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a
___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he
had ___53___ their dog.
Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off.
Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.
“It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___,”says
Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___.
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it
had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read
B. forgot
C. thought
D. heard
42. A. fighting
B. trembling
C. eating
D. sleeping
43. A. tried
B. agreed
C. promised
D. regretted
44. A. calmed down
B. stood up
C. rolled over
D. run off
45. A. injured
B. stolen
C. lost
D. rescued
46. A. home
B. past
C. back
D. on
47. A. preparation
B. explanation
C. test
D. search
48. A. cautiously
B. casually
C. skillfully
D. angrily
49. A. surprise
B. joy
C. hesitation
D. anxiety
50. A. predicted
B. advertised
C. believed
D. recorded
51. A. house
B. phone
C. street
D. car
52. A. called
B. copied
C. counted
D. remembered
53. A. fed
B. adopted
C. found
D. cured
54. A. hunted
B. skied
C. lived
D. worked
55. A. on purpose
B. on time
C. in turn
D. in vain
56. A. cares
B. sees
C. suffers
D. learns
57. A. place
B. trouble
C. waste
D. extreme
58. A. service
B. plan
C. effort
D. team
59. A. equal
B. allergic
C. grateful
D. close
60. A. suitable
B. proud
C. wise
D. wiling
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B
51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers 和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到了主
人。
41.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers 和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指Ehlers 一直在想
关于那只狗的事，think about 考虑。故选C。
42.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，trembling 发抖。故
选B。
43.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth 尽力做某事。故选
A。
44.D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了，
run off“跑开”的意思。故选D。
45.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用lost“丢失”。故
选C。
46.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers 给他的朋友Greg 打电话，他们俩又驱车返
回。 根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back 向后，回原处。故选
C。
47.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Greg 在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在
仔细寻找小狗，search 寻找。故选D。
48.A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的frightened, nervousness, fear 等词并结合上文并根据下文
Ehlers 最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously 谨慎地，小心地。故选A。
49.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers 的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，joy 开
心。故选B。
50.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只
丢失的狗。根据本句的in the local paper 及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise 登广告。故选
B。
51.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers 给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，
phone number 电话号码。故选B。
52.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指Ehlers 给Jeff 和Lisa（狗的主人）打了
电话，call 打电话。故选A。
53.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers 给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗，
find 找到。故选C。
54.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff 带着狗在打猎，hunt 打
猎。故选A。
55.D【解析】考查介词短语辨析。根据上文Ehlers 找到的Jeff 的狗可知，Jeff 在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗，
in vain 徒劳。故选D。
56.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的
事。根据上文可知，此处是指Ehlers 对狗足够关心，care 关心。故选A。
57.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Ehlers 开车把那只小狗Rosie 送到100 英里远的机场，把它航
空托运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble 麻烦。故选B。
58.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指Lisa 在评论Ehlers 帮助他们找回狗付出的努力
effort 努力。故选C。
59.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。
根据下文Ehlers 说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，close to 靠近。故选D。
60.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是
表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do 乐意做某事。故选D。
Cloze 2
【2019 年全国卷III】The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does
not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year.
Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office.
“We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.”
But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from
neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray
of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are
controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close
during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an
area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The
town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents
cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the
town’s ___58___ residents.
"It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.”
41. A. only
B. obviously
C. nearly
D. precisely
42. A. fear
B. believe
C. hear
D. notice
43. A. empty
B. blue
C. high
D. wide
44. A. cloudy
B. normal
C. different
D. warm
45. A. helped
B. changed
C. happened
D. mattered
46. A. computers
B. telescopes
C. mirrors
D. cameras
47. A. remembered
B. forecasted
C. received
D. imagined
48. A. repair
B. risk
C. rest
D. use
49. A. forbids
B. directs
C. predicts
D. follows
50. A. day
B. night
C. month
D. year
51. A. library
B. hall
C. square
D. street
52. A. appeared
B. returned
C. faded
D. stopped
53. A. driving
B. hiding
C. camping
D. siting
54. A. pictures
B. notes
C. care
D. hold
55. A. new
B. full
C. flat
D. silent
56. A. block
B. avoid
C. enjoy
D. store
57. A. Instead
B. However
C. Gradually
D. Similarly
58. A. nature-loving
B. energy-saving
C. weather-beaten
D. sun-starved
59. A. big
B. clear
C. cold
D. easy
60. A. trying
B. waiting
C. watching
D. sharing
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A
51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一套
镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添一丝
明亮。
41.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. only 仅仅；B. obviously 显然地；C. nearly 几乎；D. precisely 准确
的。根据前文from late September to mid-March 可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。
42.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. fear 害怕；B. believe 相信；C. hear 听见；D. notice 注意。根据后文
We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it's darker 可知，我们看到天空是蓝色
，但是到山谷的时候，就
会变得更暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。
43.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty 空的；B. blue 蓝色的；C. high 搞得；D. wide 宽的。根据常
识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。
44.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy 多云的；B. normal 正常的；C. different 不同的；D. warm 温
暖的。根据前文down in the valley it's darker 可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。
45.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. helped 帮助；B. changed 改变；C. happened 发生；D. mattered 关系重
大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。
46.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. computers 电脑；B. telescopes 望远镜；C. mirrors 镜子；D. cameras 相
机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks 可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故可知，为一枚
镜子，故选C。
47.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered 记得；B. forecasted 预报；C. received 获得，收到；D.
imagined 想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。
48.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. repair 修理；B. risk 风险；C. rest 休息；D. use 使用。根据前一句
their very first ray of winter sunshine 可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选D。
put sth to use 把某物投入使用。
49.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，
在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids 禁止；B. directs 指导，导演；C. predicts 预测；D. follows 跟随，追随。
本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
50.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. day 白天；B. night 夜晚；C. month 月；D. year 年。根据文章可知，太
阳光出现在白天，故选A。
51.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. library 图书馆；B. hall 大厅；C. square 广场；D. street 街道。根据后
文The town square 可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。
52.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared 出现；B. returned 归还；C. faded 褪去；D. stopped 停止。根
据后文Rjukan residents gathered together 可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。
53.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. driving 驾驶；B. hiding 隐藏；C. camping 露营；D. sitting 坐。根据本
句and standing there 可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选D。
54.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures 照片，图片；B. notes 笔记；C. care 照顾；D. hold 抓住。根据
文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选A。
55.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. new 新的；B. full 满的；C. flat 平坦的；D. silent 沉默的。根据后文
I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，
故选B。
56.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. block 阻挡；B. avoid 避免；C. enjoy 喜欢，享受；D. store 储存。根据
句意可知，并不是3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。
57.B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead 代替；B. However 然而；C. Gradually 逐渐地；D. Similarly 相
似地。前一句意思为并不是3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不
仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选B。
58.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving 热爱自然的；B. energy-saving 节能的；C. weather-
beaten 受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved 渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇
人们渴望阳光，故选D。
59.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. big 大的；B. clear 清晰的；C. cold 冷的；D. easy 容易的。根据前文
可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。
60.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. trying 尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing 分
享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选D。
Cloze 3
【2019 年北京卷】Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income
students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight
years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64, 000
miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from
school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what
they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___
call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to
her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your
headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers, so the next time you ride
with him, he'll ___21___ those things."
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point
for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson
often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.
Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest
store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never
___25___ to buy them a meal.
For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to
complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to ___27___ vehicles
with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their
education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love
these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours,
getting to know them and hearing their stories."
11. A. linking
B. sending
C. offering
D. distributing
12. A. donating
B. lending
C. delivering
D. volunteering
13. A. paved
B. covered
C. measured
D. wandered
14. A. arguments
B. interviews
C. negotiations
D. conversations
15. A. met
B. driven
C. addressed
D. greeted
16. A. even
B. ever
C. once
D. already
17. A. earned
B. received
C. assessed
D. demanded
18. A. transportation
B. style
C. time
D. communication
19. A. forced
B. awkward
C. ridiculous
D. suspicious
20. A. selects
B. recites
C. guesses
D. remembers
21. A. act on
B. settle on
C. check on
D. agree on
22. A. club
B. league
C. college
D. programme
23. A. far
B. around
C. beyond
D. forwards
24. A. assist
B. watch
C. urge
D. warm
25. A. expects
B. attempts
C. manages
D. hesitates
26. A. extra
B. unusual
C. necessary
D. adequate
27. A. share
B. fuel
C. repair
D. exchange
28. A. required
B. allowed
C. reminded
D. convinced
29. A. experience
B. arrangement
C. appreciation
D. employment
30. A. effort
B. ambition
C. privilege
D. convenience
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D
21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76 岁的Paul Wilson 八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的
感人事迹。（短文主要讲了Wilson 为大学生免费提供搭车的服务，这对于很多学生能顺利完成学业是非
常重要的，但Wilson 本人也觉得这样的经历能从中收益，他认为能成为你孩子们生活的一部分是自己的
荣幸.）
11.C 根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson 确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson 给
那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C 选项正确。
12.D 根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson 是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D 选项正确。
13.BWilson 让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000 英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。B
选项正确。
14.DWilson 在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故D 选项正确。
15.B 根据上文可知，Wilson 每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该
空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”，故B 选项正确。drive 意为“驾车送（人）”。
16.A 这些学生将Wilson 当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A 选项正
确。
17.B 根据后面的介词from 可以推知，Tina Stern 从Wilson 那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B 选项正确。
18.A 对Tina Stern 来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A 选项正确。transportation 意为“运送”。
19.BTina 说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐
在那儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B 选项正确。
20.D 在坐车的时候，Wilson 会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D 选项正确。
21.C 在坐车的时候，Wilson 会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，
Wilson 会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson 会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学
习情况。故C 选项正确。
22.D 根据上一句中的“programme”可知，D 选项正确。Wilson 最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for
College 的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。
23.C 结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out
of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson 的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C 选项正确。
24.A 如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson 会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A 选项正确。
25.D 从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson 对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下
学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson 都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D 选项正确。
26.C 根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others….For them, riding with Wilson has
____ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson 的车对于
他们完成大学教育来说是必须的。C 选项正确。
27.A 有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，
需用share。A 选项正确。
28.B 乘坐Wilson 的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用
allow sb. to do sth.。故B 选项正确。
29.A Wilson 认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A 选项正确。
30.C Wilson 认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听
到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C 选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。
Cloze 4
【2018 年浙江卷11 月】I had a student today who got his finger stuck inside a test tube in science class. It
was really quite stuck. This young man’s finger _____36_____ to get whiter and whiter right before my eyes.
Remaining _____37_____, I suggested he carefully rotate(转动) the tube. It wouldn’t move a bit. He
_____38_____ soap and cold water. Still stuck. Meanwhile _____39_____ was breaking out in the class. Finally, I
_____40_____ the young man to our secretary, who was a miracle(奇迹) worker _____41_____ three kids of her
own. With her in charge, I was _____42_____ all would be OK.
To get the students back in order, I _____43_____ my own story of getting my _____44_____stuck between
the rails of a balcony. Same kind of curiosity, I remembered ______45______ then how far I could thrust(塞) my
knee between the rails. Inch by inch, I kept ______46______ and before I knew it, my knee was stuck and
______47______ before my eyes and in front of lots of ______48______ at a popular Las Vegas hotel!
Hearing my story, many students followed with their own ______49______ of heads, arms, fingers stuck in
places they shouldn’t ______50______. A few minutes later, the young man came back, test tube unbroken and
finger ______51______ to lovely shade of pink.
I just couldn’t ______52______ this kid. He’s only twelve. I too got my knee unstuck, but not without great
______53______. The excuse for me, however, was not ______54______ but plain stupidity. I was
______55______ fifty years old when this happened.
36．A．used
B．needed
C．happened
D．continued
37．A．calm
B．silent
C．cheerful
D．active
38．A．lost
B．fetched
C．tried
D．accepted
39．A．fire
B．chaos
C．violence
D．argument
40．A．described
B．carried
C．introduced
D．sent
41．A．raising
B．observing
C．saving
D．teaching
42．A．happy
B．doubtful
C．surprised
D．confident
43．A．shared
B．wrote
C．read
D．heard
44．A．head
B．knee
C．arm
D．foot
45．A．calculating
B．explaining
C．wondering
D．reporting
46．A．pushing
B．climbing
C．walking
D．kicking
47．A．shaking
B．lifting
C．resting
D．swelling
48．A．doctors
B．strangers
C．managers
D．students
49．A．findings
B．conclusions
C．stories
D．news
50．A．be
B．exist
C．stay
D．stop
51．A．pointing
B．returning
C．belonging
D．growing
52．A．get along with B．get rid of
C．get used to
D．get mad at
53．A．encouragementB．disappointment
C．embarrassment
D．achievement
54．A．ambition
B．youth
C．bravery
D．experiment
55．A．in the end
B．in total
C．after all
D．at any rate
【答案】36．D 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．D 41．A 42．D 43．A 44．B
45．C 46．A 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．D 53．C 54．B
55．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了科学课上一个学生的手卡在了试管里，作者只好把学生先送到学
校的书记那里。同时为了安定课堂秩序，作者讲述了自己膝盖卡在栏杆里的故事，学生们也纷纷分享他们
自己的头、胳膊、手指被卡住的故事。最后那位卡在试管里的学生毫发无损回来了。
36．考查动词辨析。A. used 使用；B. needed 需要；C. happened 发生；D. continued 继续。此处指学生的手
被卡在试管里，由于血流不顺畅，所以手指变得越来越白。指持续变白，故选D。
37．考查形容词辨析。A. calm 镇静的，平静的；B. silent 沉默的；C. cheerful 快乐的；D. active 积极的。根
据I suggested he carefully rotate(转动)the tube.可知，当时作者没有慌乱，给学生建议。表示“保持镇静”，
故选A。
38．考查动词辨析。A. lost 丢失；B. fetched 取来；C. tried 尝试；D. accepted 接受。由于慢慢转动试管的方
法没有起作用，所以他又尝试用肥皂和冷水的方法使手从试管里出来。故选C。
39．考查名词辨析。A. fire 火；B. chaos 混乱；C. violence 暴力；D. argument 论证。根据第一句in science
class 可知，是在课堂上发生的意外，尝试两种方法没有成功，所以教室里一片混乱。根据当时情境可知选
B。
40．考查动词辨析。A. described 描述；B. carried 搬运；C. introduced 介绍；D. sent 送。因为情况紧急，最
后作者把学生送到了书记那里。表示“送”，故选D。
41．考查动词辨析。A. raising 抚养；B. observing 观察；C. saving 节省；D. teaching 教导。此处指书记是个
传奇人物，抚养了三个孩子。表示“抚养”，故选A。
42．考查形容词辨析。A. happy 高兴的；B. doubtful 怀疑的；C. surprised 吃惊的；D. confident 确信的。此
事由书记负责，作者确信一切都能解决。故选D。
43．考查动词辨析。A. shared 分享；B. wrote 写；C. read 读；D. heard 听到。为了让学生们恢复秩序，作
者和他们分享了自己卡在阳台栏杆之间的故事。表示“给学生们讲故事”，故选A。
44．考查名词辨析。A. head 头；B. knee 膝盖；C. arm 胳膊；D. foot 脚。根据下文I could thrust(塞)my knee
between the rails.可知，是作者的膝盖塞进了阳台的栏杆，故选B。
45．考查动词辨析。A. calculating 计算；B. explaining 解释；C. wondering 想知道；D. reporting 报告。当时
情况下，作者想知道膝盖陷进了栏杆多么深，想知道膝盖怎样出来。故选C。
46．考查动词辨析。A. pushing 推；B. climbing 爬；C. walking 走，步行；D. kicking 踢。此处指作者一点
点地不断地推栏杆，以便腿能出来。故选A。
47．考查动词辨析。A. shaking 摇动，震动；B. lifting 举起，提升；C. resting 休息；D. swelling 肿胀，隆起。
此处指作者的膝盖由于被卡在栏杆里肿了，故选D。
48．考查名词辨析。A. doctors 医生；B. strangers 陌生人；C. managers 管理者；D. students 学生。根据at a
popular Las Vegas hotel 可知，事情发生在酒店里，所以看到事情发生的是许多住酒店的陌生人。故选B。
49．考查名词辨析。A. findings 发现；B. conclusions 结论；C. stories 故事；D. news 新闻。听完作者的故事
后，学生们开始讲述他们自己的头、胳膊、手指被卡住的故事。指学生们自己的故事，故选C。
50．考查动词辨析。A. be 是，在；B. exist 存在；C. stay 坚持，停留；D. stop 停止。此处指头、胳膊、手
指被卡在了不该在的地方。表示“在”，故选A。
51．考查动词辨析。A. pointing 指向；B. returning 返回；C. belonging 属于；D. growing 生长。几分钟后，
被卡住手的学生回来了，试管没有坏，手指又变成了可爱的粉红色。表示“变回”，故选B。
52．考查动词短语辨析。A. get along with 取得进展；B. get rid of 摆脱，除去；C. get used to 习惯于；D. get
mad at 对……生气。此处表示不能对这个孩子生气，他只有12 岁。故选D。
53．考查名词辨析。A. encouragement 鼓励；B. disappointment 失望；C. embarrassment 尴尬；D.
achievement 成就。作者膝盖被卡住时，面对许多陌生人也很尴尬，与上文in front of lots of strangers at a
popular Las Vegas hotel!呼应，故选C。
54．考查名词辨析。A. ambition 雄心，抱负；B. youth 年轻；C. bravery 勇敢；D. experiment 实验。对作者
来说，借口不是年轻，而是愚蠢。与He’s only twelve.呼应，故选B。
55．考查介词短语辨析。A. in the end 最后，终于；B. in total 总共；C. after all 毕竟；D. at any rate 无论如
何。此处指这件事发生时，毕竟作者已经50 岁了，所以说借口不是年龄小。故选C。
2018 年完形填空记叙文(20 空)
Cloze 1
【2018 年全国Ⅱ卷】Two weeks earlier. my son . Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his
mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d ___41___ seen him . So imagine my ___42___ when
he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.
I was ___43___ ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to ___44___ . The bay was
___45___ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little ___46___ .I
realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in ___47___ . “Something’s not ___48___ !” I took off my T-shirt and
___49___ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was
___50___ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors . I helped ___51___ the young man out of the water.
He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something ___52___ to me. Those brown eyes were very
___53___ . “What’s his name ?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I ___54___ . That
stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance.___55___ ,after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be
allowed to ___56___ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben
___57___ to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said, “You ___58___ my life !”
I still can’t believe what a ___59___ it was. I’m just so glad I was there ___60___ to help my son.
41. A. also B. often C. even D. last
42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry
43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed
44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle
45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed
46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser
47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle
48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit
49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell
50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking
51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep
52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed
53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar
54. A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew
55. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly
56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave
57. A. joked B. turned C. listened D. pointed
58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided
59. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain
60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D
51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13 年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一个
年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13 年未见的儿子。
41. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13 年了。由此可以暗示
出是上一次见面。A. also 也；B. often 经常；C. even 甚至；D. last 上一次，故选D 项切题。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13 年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，并且说
要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight 高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减
轻；C. anger 怒，忿怒；D. worry 担心。故选A 项切题。
43. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者13 年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己
的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared 惊恐的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. thrilled 欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed
惭愧的。故选C 项切题。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见
面。A. talk 谈话；B. stay 停留； C. meet 见面；D. settle 解决。故选C 项切题。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed 沐浴；B. clean 清扫；
C. deep 深处；D. formed 形成。故选A 项切题。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到
一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster 迅速的；B. closer 靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier 重的，沉重的；D.
wiser 有智慧的；聪明的。故选B 项切题。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. trouble 麻烦，困
难；B. advance 前进，进展；C. question 问题，疑问；D. battle 战斗，战役。故选A 项切题。
48. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real 真实的；B. right 正
确的，正常的；C. fair 公平的；D. fit 合适的。故选B 项切题。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T 恤衫，跳入水中。
A. stared 盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank 下沉，沉没；C. dived 潜水，跳水；D. fell 打倒；击倒。故
选C 项切题。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle 和下文He was unconscious 可知，应该是剧
烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing 争论，辩论；B. fighting 打架；C. shouting 呼喊；D. shaking 摇动。故选D 项
切题。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead 领导，引导，带领；B. persuade 说服，劝服；
C. carry 搬运，装运；D. keep 保持；保存，保留；故选C 项切题。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur 跟to 短语时，表示
“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen 后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故选B 项切题。
53. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。A.
sharp 锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant 愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive 有吸引力的；引人注目的；D.
familiar 亲密的，熟悉的。故选D 项切题。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed 同意，赞成，
承认，答应；B. hesitated 犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted 怀疑；疑惑；D. knew 知道，了解。故选D 项切题。
55. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately 幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly 率
直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly 悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly 突然地，忽然地；故选A 项切题。
56. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enough 可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return 返回；报答；B.
relax 放松，休息；C. speak 说；D. leave 离开。故选D 项切题。
57. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben 转向我向我说谢谢。A. joked 开
玩笑；B. turned 转向；C. listened 听；D. pointed 指出。故选B 项切题。
58. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。
A. created 创造；创作；B. honored 尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved 救，拯救；D. guided 指导，指挥；故
选C 项切题。
59. 考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence 巧合，巧事；B. change 改变，
变更，变换；C. pity 怜悯，同情；D. pain 疼痛；痛苦。故选A 项切题。
60. 考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board 在船上；B. in time 及
时；C. for sure 肯定；D. on purpose 目的。故选B 项切题。
点睛：occur 和happen 的区别
1. occur 是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发生”
的事。跟to 短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”。例如：Something occurred 意思是“某事发生了”。
An idea occurs to me that going to Switzerland for traveling will be marvelous! 我想到去瑞士旅游会很棒!
2. happen 常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，是不及物动词。例如：How
did the accident happen? 这事故是怎样发生的?
If anything happens, please let me know. 有什么事发生，请告诉我。
如果happen 后接不定式，是“碰巧”的意思。如：
I happened to meet him on my way home. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他。
注意：happen 和happen to 都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。
Cloze 2
【2018 年全国Ⅲ卷】When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we
usually say ＂sorry, ___41___ number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams ____42____ a text that
clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something ____43____.
On March 19, Dennis got a group text ____44____ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital,
waiting for the ____45____ of a baby.
＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,＂ Dennis ____46____. The baby was born and
update texts were ____47____ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her ____48____, she didn’t
seem to realize that she was ____49____ the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ＂Well, I don’t
____50____ you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,＂ replied Dennis before asking which room
the new ____51____ were in.
Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his ____52____! He turned up at the hospital ____53____
gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally ____54____ by the unexpected
visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we ____55____ it and the gifts.＂
Teresa ____56____ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website ____57____ by the
touching words: ＂What a ____58____ this young man was to our family! He was so ____59____ and kind to
do this.＂ The post has since gained the ____60____ of social media users all over the world, receiving more
than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.
41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong
42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed
43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical
44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning
45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival
46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated
47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around
48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort
49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing
50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother
51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors
52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle
53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making
54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated
55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect
56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted
57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied
58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem
59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair
60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B
51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dennis Williams 认真对待陌生人的信息，使陌生人倍受感动的故
事。
41. D.考查形容词。根据后文But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him,
he did something 43 以及后文他所做的事情可以得知，大部分人会回应拨错号了。A. unlucky 不幸的；
B. secret 秘密的；C. new 新的；D. wrong 错误的。故选D。
42. 考查动词。根据文章第一句When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person
可以推知，他接到了电话。A. received 收到；B. translated 翻译；C. copied 复制；D. printed 印刷。故选A。
43. B.考查形容词。根据后文内容可知，他做了与众不同的事情，所以用special 合适。A. reasonable 合理
的；B. special 特别的；C. necessary 必要的；D. practical 现实可行的。
44. C 考查动词。根据后句a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____ of a baby.可知，
这对陌生夫妇是在告诉他这个消息。A. convincing 让人信服的；B. reminding 提醒；C. informing 通知；D.
warning 警告。故选C。
45. D 考查名词。根据下文The baby was born 可知，他们在等候新生儿的到来。A. wake-up 醒来；B.
recovery 恢复；C. growth 成长；D. arrival 到来。故选D。
46. A 考查动词。根据前句内容可知，这是Dennis 的回复。A. responded 回复；B. interrupted 打断；C.
predicted 预料；D. repeated 重复。故选A。
47. A 考查动词短语。根据本句The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the
overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.可知，消息很快再次进来。A. coming in 进来；B. setting out 着手；C. passing
down 使流传；D. moving around 走来走去。故选Ａ。
48. C. 考查名词。根据本句In her 48 , she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the baby’s
photos with a complete stranger.可知，这位妈妈太兴奋，没有意识到把照片分享给了陌生人。A. opinion 观
点；B. anxiety 焦虑；C. excitement 兴奋；D. effort 努力。故选C。
49. D. 考查动词。根据后文I will get there to take pictures with the baby replied Dennis before asking which
room the new 51 were in 可知，Dennis 收到了Teresa 发来的照片，所以是她跟陌生人分享了照片。A.
comparing 比较；B. exchanging 交换；C. discussing 讨论；D. sharing 分享。故选D。
50. B 考查动词。根据前文Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know 可知，Dennis
不认识他们。A. accept 接受；B. know 认识，了解；C. believe 相信；D. bother 打扰，麻烦。故选Ｂ。
51. 考查名词。根据前文可以推知，这对夫妇为新父母。A. parents 父母；B. doctors 医生；C. patients 病人；
D. visitors 游客。故选A。
52. B 考查名词。根据后文He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her
baby boy.可知，他坚守了自己对于新妈妈Lindsey 和她的孩子礼物的承诺。A. dream 梦想；B. promise 承诺；
C. agenda 会议议程；D. principle 原则。故选B。
53. A 考查动词。根据语境可知，他是拿着礼物来的。A. bearing 携带，拿；B. collecting 收集；C. opening
打开；D. making 制造。故选A。
54. C 考查形容词。根据unexpected 可知，她丈夫是十分惊讶。A. discouraged 沮丧；B. relaxed 放松的；C.
astonished 吃惊的；D. defeated 打败的。故选C。
55. C 考查动词。根据语境以及后文往网上发帖可知，Teresa 夫妇十分感激Dennis 的到来以及带来的礼物。
A. admit 承认；B. need 需要；C. appreciate 感激；D. expect 期望。故选C。
56. D 考查动词。根据后文The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving
more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，她把照片贴到了网上。A. found 发现；B.
selected 选择；C. developed 发展；D. posted 发帖。故选D。
57. D 考查动词。根据语境可知，照片后面附着一段感人的文字。A. confirmed 确定；B. simplified 简化；
C. clarified 分类；D. accompanied 伴随着。故选D。
58. B 考查名词。根据语境可推知，这位母亲认为这位年轻的陌生人来看望宝宝是上帝的祝福。A. pity 同
情，怜悯；B. blessing 祝福；C. relief 放松，如释重负；D. problem 问题。故选B。
59. C 考查形容词。根据语境He was so 59 and kind to do this.可知，与kind 并列，所以用sweet，表甜美善
良。A. smart 聪明的；B. calm 冷静的；C. sweet 甜美的；D. fair 公平的。故选C。
60. B 考查名词。根据文章最后一句The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world,
receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，三天里有184,000 人分享，61,500
点赞，所以是引起了极大关注。A. sympathy 同情；B. attention 关注；C. control 控制；D. trust 信任。故选
B。
Cloze 3
【2018 年江苏卷】 Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.
Their savings had been___36___ to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with
a ____37____ disease. There was no ____38____, only pain relief.
Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a ___39___4___40___ journey, as they caught sight
of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and ____41____ recovery. When leaving home, Raynor
and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the ____42____ low by living on boiled noodles,
with the ____43____ hamburger shop treat.
Wild camping is ____44____ in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up
____45____and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a
lot _____46_____ than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor _____47_____ all over and desired a bath.
Moth, meanwhile, after an initial _____48_____, found his symptoms were strangely _____49_____ by their
daily tiring journey.
____50____, the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they
thought had _____51_____ forever. "Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes _____52_____ to a
thread, but we were alive."
During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, "_____53_____ had taken every
material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) _____54_____ written book. It had
also given me a _____55_____, either to leave that page _____56_____ or to keep writing the story with hope. I
chose hope.”
36. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up
37. A. mild B. common C. preventable D. serious
38. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise
39. A. business B. walking C. bus D. rail
40. A. expected B. frightening C. disappointing D. surprising
41. A. budget B. revenue C. compensation D. allowance
42. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant
43. A. unpopular B. lawful C. attractive D. illegal
44. A. soon B. early C. late D. slowly
45. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier
46. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled
47. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research
48. A. developed B. controlled C. reduced D. increased
49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently
50. A. gained B. kept C. wounded D. lost
51. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed
52. A. Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness
53. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally
54. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break
55. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A
46. C 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Winn 夫妇投资失败变得一无所有，更糟糕的是丈夫被诊断为重
疾。然而他们没有放弃，决定徒步野外旅行。出乎意料的是，丈夫的症状渐渐减少了，夫妇二人变得越来
越强壮了，妻子也开始了自然作家的生涯。
36. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. drawn up 起草；B. used up 用光；C. backed up 拥堵；D. kept up 保
持。根据后面的to pay lawyers’ fees.提示可知，他们的积蓄都用光了。故选B。
37. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. mild 温和的；B. common 共同的；C. preventable 可预防的；D.
serious 严重的。根据后句There was no 38 , only pain relief.可知，Moth 被诊断为严重的疾病。故选
D。
38. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. cure 对策；B. luck 幸运；C. care 关心；D. promise 诺言。名词cure 在
这里表示“治疗的方法”。没有任何治疗的方法，只有止疼。故选A。
39. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. business 事务；B. walking 走；C. bus 公交；D. rail 栏杆。根据后句as
they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.可知，他们决定作一次徒步旅行。故选B。
40. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. expected 预期的；B. frightening 令人害怕的；C. disappointing 令人失
望的；D. surprising 令人惊讶的。这是一次漫长的旅程，经历了不寻常的艰苦和惊人的恢复。故选D。
41. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. budget 预算；B. revenue 税收；C. compensation 赔偿； D.
allowance 津贴。他们计划靠吃煮面条来维持低预算。故选A。
42. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. frequent 频繁的；B. occasional 偶尔的；C. abundant 大量的； D.
constant 不断的。偶尔到汉堡包店款待。故选B。
43. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. unpopular 不受欢迎的；B. lawful 合法的；C. attractive 吸引人的；D.
illegal 非法的。根据后句To avoid being caught,可知，在英国，野营是非法的。故选D。
44. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. soon 不久；B. early 早的；C. late 迟的；D. slowly 慢慢地。根据后句
and packed it away early in the morning.中的early 提示可知，他们不得不晚些时候把帐篷搭起来。故选C。
45. 考查形容词比较级以及对语境的理解。A. harder 更难的；B. easier 更容易的；C. cheaper 更便宜的；D.
funnier 可笑的。根据常识可知，Winns 夫妇很快发现在他们50 多岁的每日徒步旅行要比他们所记的在他们
20 多岁的每日徒步旅行要艰难的很多。故选A。
46. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. rolled 滚动；B. bled 流血；C. ached 疼；D. trembled 发抖。根据常识可
知，Raynor 浑身疼。故选C。
47. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. struggle 斗争；B. progress 进展；C. excitement 激动；D. research 研究。
经过最初的与病魔作斗争。故选A。
48. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. developed 发展；B. controlled 控制；C. reduced 减少；D. increased 增
加。发现他的症状不可思议的减少了。故选C。
49. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. Initially 起初；B. Eventually 最终；C. Temporarily 临时地；D.
Consequently 因此。最终，这对夫妇发现他们的身体变好了。故选B。
50. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. gained 获得；B. kept 保持；C. wounded 受伤；D. lost 失去。根据前句
with re-found strong muscles 可知他们原以为永远失去的强壮的肌肉又再现了。故选D。
51. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. sewn 缝；B. washed 洗；C. worn 穿破；D. ironed 熨。这里指他们的衣
服破成了线状物。故选C。
52. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. Doctors 医生；B. Hiking 徒步旅行；C. Lawyers 律师；D. Homelessness
无家可归。无家可归夺走了我所有的物质。故选D。
53. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。 A. well 好；B. partly 部分地；C. neatly 整洁地；D. originally 起初。在写
已好书中的部分，最后有一页空白页。故选B。
54. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. choice 选择；B. reward 报酬；C. promise 许诺； D. break 休息。根
据后句either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.中either … or …可知这里是一
种选择。它也给我一种选择。故选A。
55. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. loose 宽松的；B. full 满的；C. blank 空白的；D. missing 失踪的。根
据前文中an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.可知要么留下那页空白，要么继续写着希
望的故事。故选C。
Cloze 4
【2018 年天津卷】No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ___16___
I learned this lesson from a(n) ___17___ many years ago. I took the head ___18___job at a school in Baxley,
Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.
It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the ___19___ team at the end of spring practice.
The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ____20____the game. Being the coach of the new
team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn't
___21___ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to ___22___ that my team might not be
the number one team in Georgia, but they were ____23____me. I had to change my ___24___about their ability
and potential.
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little ____25____. Most important, I began to treat them
like ____26____. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their ____27____, we met every day and
_____28_____passing and kicking the football.
Six months after suffering our _____29_____on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our
second, and continued to ____30____. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a
____31____for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia,
giving me one of the greatest ____32____of my life！
From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can ____33____ the members of a
team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and_____34_____them. I helped them to see themselves
____35____, and they built themselves into winners.
Winners are made, but born.
16. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature
17. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show
18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching
19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new
20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with
21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret
22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand
23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about
24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention
25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship
26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. leaners
27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor
28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced
29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake
30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend
31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor
32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers
33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect
34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed
35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A
26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。多年前作者担任过一个学校足球队的教练，在一次比赛中输给了学校的新队。
作者开始反思，不停的训练和鼓励队员，最终不可思议的赢得州里最强的对手。从这次经历中，作者感悟
到：没有人天生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。
16. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. luck 幸运；B. tests 测试；C. efforts 努力；D. nature 自然。根据前一句
No one is born a winner.（没有人天生就是赢家），根据常识可知，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。故
选C。
17. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A .experiment 实验；B. experience 经历；C. visit 参观；D. show 展示。根
据下文可知，作者是从一次经历中得出这样的教训的。故选B。
18. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. operating 操作；B. editing 编辑；C. consulting 咨询；D. coaching 指导。
根据后文Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my
disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者在一所学校担任总教练工作。故选D。
19. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. successful 成功的；B. excellent 杰出的；C. strong 强壮的；D. new 新
的。根据前半句It was a tradition for the school’s old team 中的old team 提示可知，春季训练结束时，学校新
老队伍对抗是一个传统。故选D。
20. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. cheer for 为……欢呼；B. prepare for 为……准备；C. help with 帮
助某人做……；D. finish with 结束于；和. ……断绝关系。老队没有教练，他们甚至不练习来准备比赛。
故选B。
21. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. believe 相信；B. agree 同意；C. describe 描述；D. regret 后悔。根据前
句but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者不能相信会遇到这样的情况。故选A。
22. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. realize 意识到；B. claim 宣称；C. permit 允许；D. demand 要求。短语
come to realize 开始意识到。我开始意识到我的队也许不是佐治亚州头号队伍。故选A。
23. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. reacting to 对……起反应；B. looking for 寻找；C. depending on 依
靠；D. caring about 关心。但他们都在依靠我。故选C。
24. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. decision 决定；B. attitude 态度；C. conclusion 结论；D. intention 意图。
我不得不改变我对他们能力和潜力的态度。故选B。
25. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. pride 自豪，自尊心；B. culture 文化；C. fortune 幸运；D. relationship
关系。我开始做任何我能做的事情来帮助他们建立一点自尊心。故选A。
26. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. leaders 领导；B. partners 伙伴；C. winners 获胜者；D. learners 学习者。
根据后文Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and____19____them.以及文中最后一句提示可知，作者
开始像获胜者对待他们。故选C。
27. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. reward 报酬；B. vacations 假期；C. health 健康；D. honor 荣誉。根据
That summer 可知，当其它队队员享受着他们假期的时候。故选B。
28. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. risked 冒险；B. missed 错过；C. considered 考虑；D. practiced 练习。
根据上文The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ____5____the game.提示可得出答案。这
里指练习传球和踢球。故选D。
29. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. defeat 打败；B. decline 跌落；C. accident 事故；D. mistake 错误。根据
上文but to my disappointment we were defeated.提示可得出答案。在春季训练赛场遭受失败之后。故选A。
30. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. relax 放松；B. improve 提高，改善；C. expand 扩大；D. defend 防御。
根据前句we won our first game and our second 可知，我们继续在提高。故选B。
31. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. shame 羞愧；B. burden 负担；C. victory 胜利；D. favor 赞成。即使我
们输掉比赛，我们感觉它会是一场胜利。故选C。
32. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. chances 机会；B. thrills 激动；C. concerns 关心；D. offers 提供。根据
前句My boys beat the best team in Georgia 可知，是作者一生中最激动人心的一次！故选B。
33. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. surprise 惊讶；B. serve 服务；C. interest 兴趣；D. offers 提供。从这次
经历，我意识到领袖的态度如何能够呈现给队里的每个成员。故选D。
34. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. encouraged 鼓励；B. observed 观察；C. protected 保护；D. impressed 影
响。根据I pushed 可知，作者在推动和鼓励他们。故选A。
35. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. honestly 诚实地；B. individually 个别地；C. calmly 镇静地；D.
differently 不同地。根据后句and they built themselves into winners.可知，我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己。
故选D。
2017 年完形填空记叙文
Cloze 1
【2017 年新课标Ⅰ卷】While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of
life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found
something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL — American Sign
Language(美式手语).
I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my
friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions( 交往). Little did I know that I would
discover my 45 for ASL.
The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation
of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me.
What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 . This newness just left me
___51___ more.
After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club’s meetings. I only
learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress, I
was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon
realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us
to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.
41. A. searching
B. planning C. natural D. formal
42. A. progress
B. experience C. major
D. opinion
43. A. choose
B. read
C. learn
D. create
44. A. official
B. foreign
C. body
D. spoken
45. A. love
B. concern
C. goal
D. request
46. A. meeting
B. trip
C. story
D. task
47. A. recorded
B. performed
C. recited
D. discussed
48. A. idea
B. amount
C. dream
D. reason
49. A. disturbed
B. supported
C. embarrassed
D. attracted
50. A. end
B. past
C. course
D. distance
51. A. showing
B. acting
C. saying
D. wanting
52. A. exercise
B. explore
C. express
D. explain
53. A. print
B. write
C. sign
D. count
54. A. slow
B. steady
C. normal
D. obvious
55. A. chair
B. sponsor
C. attend
D. organize
56. A. missed
B. passed
C. gave up
D. registered for
57. A. prohibited
B. welcomed
C. ignored
D. repeated
58. A. Lastly
B. Thus
C. Instead
D. However
59. A. required
B. caused
C. allowed
D. expected
60. A. easy
B. popular
C. quick
D. new
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在大学期间学习手语的经历。刚开始作者认为自己
没有必要学习手语，直到有一次看到手语俱乐部的表演，作者深深地为之吸引，从而产生了学习手语的渴
望。
41. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。searching 寻找的，探索的；planning 计划的；natural 自然的；formal 正
式的。句意：我自己经历了这个探索的过程。根据前文While high school does not generally
encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration 可知大学为探
索提供了舞台，所以这里指的是作者＂探索＂的过程。故选A。
42. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。progress 进步；experience 经历；major 主修科目；opinion 观点。句意：我
发现有些东西改变了我的大学生活经历。故选B。
43. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。choose 选择；read 看，读；learn 学习；create 创造。句意：我以前从没有
过学习手语的冲动。故选C。
44. D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。official 官方的；foreign 外国的；body 肢体的；spoken 口语的。根据前
文My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，因此作
者认为在平时的交流中，口语就足够了。spoken language 口语。故选D。
45. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。love 热爱；concern 关心，顾虑；goal 目标；request 请求。句意：我没想过
我会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before
表明作者以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选A。
46. C 【解析】考查名词辨析。meeting 会议；trip 旅行；story 故事；task 任务。句意：故事发生在我上大
学的第一周。分析语境可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情，故选C。
47. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。record 记录；perform 表现，表演；recite 背诵；discuss 讨论。句意：我观
看他们在ASL 俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译。分析语境可知ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，因此他们应该
是在用手语表演一首歌。故选B。
48. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。idea 想法；amount 数量；dream 梦想；reason 原因。句意：手的动作和不
用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我。分析语境可知作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了帮助人
们交流而设计的手势。故选A。
49. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。disturb 打扰；support 支持；embarrass 使……难堪；attract 吸引。分析语境
可知ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会主动去学习手语。故选D。
50. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。end 结束，末尾；past 过去；course 课程；distance 距离。句意：我所看到
的和我在过去经历的事情完全不同。in the past 在过去。故选B。
51. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。show 展示；act 行动；say 说；want 想要。句意：这种新奇的感觉使我想
了解更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解手语，所以也有了后文中的参加手语
俱乐部的会议，上手语课的经历。故选D。
52. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。exercise 锻炼；explore 探索；express 表达；explain 解释。句意：在那之后，
我感觉到想要探索更多(关于手语的东西)，于是我决定参加ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。故选B。
53. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。print 打印；write 写；sign 签名，打手语；count 数。句意：那天我只学会
了打字母表的手语。分析语境可知作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的打
字母表的手语。故选C。
54. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。slow 缓慢的；steady 平稳的；normal 正常的；obvious 明显的。句意：我
并没有因为自己进步缓慢而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了打字母表的手语，所以进步
是很慢的。故选A。
55. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。chair 主持，使……入座；sponsor 赞助；attend 参加；organize 组织。句意：
之后我下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议，学习我能学习的一切。attend a meeting 参加会议。故选
C。
56. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。miss 错过，想念；pass 通过；give up 放弃；register for 报名，注册。句意：
接下来的一个学期，我报名上了一个手语班。故选D。
57. A 【解析】考查动词辨析。prohibit 禁止；welcome 欢迎；ignore 忽视；repeat 重复。句意：教授的耳
朵听不见，任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据后文if there had been any talking 可知在课堂上禁止用口
语交流。故选A。
58. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。lastly 最后，终于；thus 因此，如此；instead 反而，相反地；however 然而。
句意：反而，如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文I soon realized that
the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的，反而有口语交流会影
响他们学习手语。故选C。
59. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。require 要求；cause 造成；allow 允许；expect 期待。句意：如果当时有口
语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选B。
60. D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。easy 简单的；popular 受欢迎的；quick 快速的；new 新的。句意：现在
我很感激当时的安静，并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式。分析语境可知手语对于作者来说是
一种新的交流方式，故选D。
Cloze 2
【2017 年新课标Ⅱ卷】
In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids
41
"The Thinking Laboratory."That was the
42
students voted for after deciding that "Room 104" was too
43
.
Freddy was an average
44
, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情).
He would
45
the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s
46
.
Before the school year
47
, I gave the kids a special
48
, T-shirts with the words "Verbs Are Your
49
"
on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs ( 动词)may seem dull, most of the
50
things they do
throughout their lives will be verbs.
Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide
51
on old classmates. I learned that Freddy
did several jobs after his
52
from high school and remained the same
53
person I met forty years before.
Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man
54
in his truck. Another time, he
55
a
friend money to buy a house.
Just last year, I was
56
a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman
57
the
interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and
58
it up. Inside were the "Verbs" shirt and a
59
from Freddy’s mother. "Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this."
I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all
60
something from Freddy.
41. A. built
B. entered
C. decorated
D. ran
42. A.name
B. rule
C. brand
D. plan
43. A. small
B. dark
C. strange
D. dull
44. A. scholar
B. student
C. citizen
D. worker
45. A. speak
B. sing
C. question
D. laugh
46. A. misfortune
B. disbelief
C. dishonesty
D. mistake
47. A. changed
B. approached
C. returned
D. ended
48. A. lesson
B. gift
C. report
D. message
49. A. Friends
B. Awards
C. Masters
D. Tasks
50. A. simple
B. unique
C. fun
D. clever
51. A. assessments
B. comments
C. instructions
D. updates
52. A. graduation
B. retirement
C. separation
D. resignation
53. A. daring
B. modest
C. caring
D. smart
54. A. wait
B. sleep
C. study
D. live
55. A. paid
B. charged
C. lent
D. owed
56. A. observing
B. preparing
C. designing
D. conducting
57. A. regretted
B. avoided
C. excused
D. ignored
58. A. opened
B. packed
C. gave
D. held
59. A. picture
B. bill
C. note
D. diary
60. A. chose
B. took
C. expected
D. borrowed
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的学生Freddy 的性格特征,以及多年后他的生活和工作
状况,并说明了作者自己从他身上学到了一些东西。
41. B 考查动词。在1973 年,作者正在教小学。每天27 个小孩进入"思想实验室"。enter "进入",符合语境。
build "建造";decorate "装饰";run"管理,经营"。
42. A 考查名词。根据下文的"Room 104"可知,"The Thinking Laboratory"是学生们选举出来的名字。name"名
字";rule"规则";brand "品牌";plan"计划"。故选A 项。
43. D 考查形容词。Room 104 这个名字被学生们选举换成The Thinking Laboratory,所以可判断出学生们认
为Room 104 这个名字太乏味了。dull "枯燥的,无趣的",符合语境。故选D 项。
44. B 考查名词。 根据上文中的"I was teaching elementary school"可知,作者正在教小学,故可推知Freddy 是
一个普通的学生。故选B 项。
45. D 考查动词。根据下文中的"the loudest over fun"可知,Freddy 对有趣的事情会笑得最大声。故选D 项。
46. A 考查名词。根据上文中的the saddest 可知,Freddy 对别人的不幸是感到最悲伤的。misfortune "不
幸";disbelief "不信,怀疑";dishonesty"不诚实";mistake"错误"。故选A 项。
47. D 考查动词。 根据语境可知, 此处表示在学年结束前。 end " 结束", 符合语境。change " 改
变";approach"靠近";return"返回"。
48. B 考查名词。在学年结束前,给孩子们的应是礼物。故选B 项。
49. A 考查名词。根据下文可知,作者认为尽管动词看起来是枯燥的,但是孩子们在一生中所做的大多数趣事
就是动词。再结合选项可知,A 项符合语境。
50. C 考查形容词。由while 可知,空处与dull 形成对比,故选C 项。simple "简单的";unique"独特的";clever"聪
明的"。
51. D 考查名词。根据语境可知,很多年来,作者偶然遇到以前的学生会给他提供一些他们老同学的最新消息,
所以作者才了解到Freddy 的一些情况。update "最新消息",符合语境。assessment "评估,评价";comment "评
论";instruction "指导,教导"。
52. A 考查名词。 根据空前的"did several jobs"可知,此处表示Freddy 从高中毕业后。graduation "毕业",符合
语境,故选A 项。retirement "退休";separation "分离";resignation "辞职"。
53. C 考查形容词。根据下文中的"he let a homeless man ... a friend money to buy a house"可知,他让一个无家
可归的人睡在他的卡车里,还借给朋友钱去买房子,故可推知他仍然是作者四十年前遇到的那个乐于助人的
人。caring"乐于助人的",符合语境。故选C 项。
54. B 考查动词。根据上文中的"while working overnight"可知,Freddy 上夜班时,让一位无家可归的人在他的
卡车里睡觉。故选B 项。
55. C 考查动词。 因为Freddy 是一位乐于助人的人,所以是借给朋友钱买房子。lend "借出",符合语境。pay
"支付";charge "(向……)收费";owe"欠(钱),负(债)"。
56. D 考查动词。 根据下文中的"I stopped teaching"可知,作者正在举办一个研习班,这时有人敲教室的门。
conduct"实施,执行",符合语境。故选D 项。observe "观察";prepare "准备";design"设计"。
57. C 考查动词。根据下文中的"I stopped teaching"可知,作者当时正在上课,所以这位女士为打断作者讲课而
请求原谅并递给作者一个信封。excuse "原谅(某人的小错)",符合语境。regret"遗憾,后悔";avoid"避
免";ignore"忽视"。
58. A 考查动词。 根据上文中的"handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching"可知,一位女士递给作者一个信封,
作者停止了教学并打开它。故选A 项。pack "打包,装箱";give "交给"; hold"握住,抓住"。
59. C 考查名词。根据下文中的"Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving..."可知,这个信封里装着一张Freddy 的
妈妈写的便条。故选C 项。picture "图片";bill"账单";diary"日记"。
60. B 考查动词。 根据上文中的"Although Freddy was taken from us"可知,尽管Freddy 从我们中被带走了,但
是我们所有人都从Freddy 那儿拿走了一些东西,即从Freddy 的身上学到了一些东西。故选B 项。
Cloze 3
【2017 年新课标Ⅲ卷】A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman. But
41 apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 42 .
Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-
world air tickets in May, but their 43 ended and he did not want her ticket to 44 . The ticket had a strict
no-transfer（不可转让）
45
, but since passport information was not required when 46 , any Canadian
Elizabeth Gallagher can 47 it.
＂I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48 a lot of joy,＂ said Axani. He posted
his 49 on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual
Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 50 passports. ＂More 51 , there are hundreds of Canadians who are
interested in 52 their name to Elizabeth Gallagher,＂ Axani said. ＂It was absolutely out of 53 ,
thousands of e-mails, people around the world 54 their stories of travel.＂
Axani wrote in his post that he is not 55 anything in return and that the woman who uses the 56
ticket
can choose to either travel with him or 57 the ticket and travel on her own.
The 58 is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris,
Bangkok and New Delhi before 59 in Toronto on January 8. He said the 60 woman will be announced
on the website and the trip will be shared online.
41. A. benefits
B. deposits
C. restrictions
D. examinations
42. A. origin
B. passport
C. accent
D. friend
43. A. holiday
B. marriage
C. dream
D. relationship
44. A. go to waste
B. come to mind
C. go on sale
D. come into effect
45. A. policy
B. order
C. payment
D. schedule
46. A. applying
B. booking
C. checking
D. bargaining
47. A. use
B. borrow
C. choose
D. buy
48. A. sacrifice
B. express
C. experience
D. provide
49. A. answer
B. advice
C. offer
D. comment
50. A. same
B. right
C. new
D. real
51. A. interesting
B. annoying
C. satisfying
D. convincing
52. A. writing
B. giving
C. lending
D. changing
53. A. touch
B. question
C. date
D. control
54. A. admiring
B. advertising
C. sharing
D. doubting
55. A. leaving
B. looking for
C. losing
D. dealing with
56. A. single
B. strange
C. regular D. extra
57. A. return
B. take
C. reserve
D. hide
58. A. interview
B. program
C. trip
D. meeting
59. A. ending
B. calling
C. repeating
D. staying
60. A. honored
B. lovely
C. intelligent D. lucky
【答案】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一个加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后，希望免费赠送自己为女朋友
购买的环球航空旅行机票的故事，体现了年轻人无私的精神。
41. C 考查名词。A. benefits 利益；B. deposits 押金；C. restrictions 限制；D. examinations 考试。根据后句内
容You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 42 可知申请免费环球旅行是有条件限制
的，需要是名叫Elizabeth Gallagher、有加拿大护照的女子。
42. B 考查名词。A. origin 来源；B. passport 护照；C. accent 口音；D. friend 朋友。根据第三段中的
including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 50 passports 可知，申请人需要有加拿大的护照。
故选B。
43. D 考查名词。A. holiday
假期；B. marriage
婚姻；C. dream 梦想；D.
relationship 关系。根据下文Jordan Axani 转让机票可知他和女朋友关系结束了。
44. A 考查动词短语。A. go to waste 浪费；B. come to mind 想到；C. go on sale
出售；D. come into effect
开始生效。根据下文＂I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48 a lot of joy＂可知
他之所以想把票赠送给同名的人，是不想浪费掉机票。故选A。
45. A 考查名词。A. policy 政策；B. order
命令；C. payment
付款；D. schedule 计划，
时间表。机票是实名制，而且不可以转让，根据常识和语境可知这是一种政策。故选A。
46. B 考查动词。A. applying 申请；B. booking 预订；C. checking 核实；D. bargaining 讨价还价。虽然机票
不可转让，但是在预订的时候不需要护照的具体信息，因此在预订后这张机票可以给姓名相同的人使用。
故选B。
47. A 考查动词。A. use 使用；B. borrow 借用；C. choose 选择；D. buy 购买。根据上文的介绍可知，因为
护照信息没有登记，所以任何一个名叫Elizabeth Gallagher，而且拥有加拿大护照的人都可以用这张机票。
48. C 考查动词。A. sacrifice 牺牲；B. express 表达；C. experience 经历；D. provide 提供。人们如果能免费
去环球旅行，当然会享受到很多的乐趣。
49. C 考查名词。A. answer
答案；B. advice 建议；C. offer 提议；D. comment 评
论。根据上文可知Jordan Axani 在社交网站上贴出的是自己的提议，即免费赠送机票。
50. B 考查形容词。A. same 同样的；B. right 正确的；C. new 新的；D. real 真的。根据空前的actual
Elizabeth Gallaghers 以及文章首段对申请这张免费机票的要求可知，这里是指申请者中包括30 位同名且拥
有正确护照的人。
51. A 考查形容词。A. interesting 有趣的；B. annoying 令人恼火的；C. satisfying 令人满意的；D. convincing
令人信服的。根据空后的内容可知有数百人想改名字，这当然是一件很有趣的事情。
52. D 考查动词。A. writing 写；B. giving 给；C. lending 借出；D. changing 改变。根据上文可知申请的要
求是需要和Jordan Axani 前女友同名，所以有人甚至想改名字。
53. D 考查名词。A. touch 触动；B. question 问题；C. date 日期；D. control 控制。根据后句内容可知，世
界上的很多人都知道这件事，如果允许人们改名字的话，那么事情就会无法控制。
54. C 考查动词。A. admiring 羡慕；B. advertising 做广告；C. sharing 分享；D. doubting 怀疑。根据上文可
知Jordan Axani 收到了数千封邮件，很多人都分享他们的旅行故事。
55. B 考查动词。A. leaving 离开；B. looking for 寻找；C. losing 失去；D. dealing with 对付。根据文章首
段的首句可知Jordan Axani 是免费送给别人他多余的票，而不求回报。
56. D 考查形容词。A. single 单一的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. regular 定期的；D. extra 额外的。根据第二段
可知Jordan Axani 在和女朋友分手后，女朋友的机票就是多余出来的了。
57. B 考查动词。A. return 回去；B. take 拿走；C. reserve 保留；D. hide 隐藏。根据空后内容and travel on
her own 可知，申请到票的人可以和他一起旅行，也可以拿着票自己去旅行。
58. C 考查名词。A. interview 采访；B. program 项目；C. trip 旅行；D. meeting 会面。根据第三段末句their
stories of travel 可知，Jordan Axani 是在赠送环球旅行的飞机票。
59. A 考查动词。A. ending 结束；B. calling 打电话；C. repeating 重复；D. staying 停留。根据句意可知旅
行是December 21 从纽约出发，途经米兰、布拉格等多个城市，最后到达多伦多，结束旅行。
60. D 考查形容词。A. honored 感到光荣的；B. lovely 可爱的；C. intelligent 聪明的；D. lucky 幸运的。文
章介绍了Jordan Axani 免费赠送环球旅行的机票的故事，所以能选上的人是幸运的人。
Cloze 4
【2017 年浙江卷】Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a
36
place for all who loved
books and liked to share knowledge. They
37
various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia
was
38
that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more
39
to her than mountains of gold.
The books are in every language — new books, ancient books,
40
a book on the history of Iraq that is seven
hundred years old.
She had asked the government for
41
to move the books to a
42
place, but they refused. So Alia took
matters into her own hands.
43
, she brought books home every night,
44
her car late after work. Her
friends came to
45
her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant
46
to hide some books. All
through the
47
, Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library,
48
them over the
seven-foot wall and
49
them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war
50
. Then nine days
later, a fire burned the
51
to the ground.
One day, the bombing stopped and the
52
left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books
were to be safe, they must be
53
again while the city was
54
. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to
the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and
55
peace and a new library.
36. A. meeting
B. working
C. personal
D. religious
37. A. raised
B. handled
C. reported
D. discussed
38. A. worried
B. angry
C. doubtful
D. curious
39. A. practical
B. precious
C. reliable
D. expensive
40. A. then
B. still
C. even
D. rather
41. A. permission
B. confirmation
C. explanation
D. information
42. A. large
B. public
C. distant
D. safe
43. A. Fortunately
B. Surprisingly
C. Seriously
D. Secretly
44. A. starting
B. parking
C. filling
D. testing
45. A. stop
B. help
C. warn
D. rescue
46. A. intended
B. pretended
C. happened
D. agreed
47. A. war
B. night
C. building
D. way
48. A. put
B. opened
C. passed
D. threw
49. A. hid
B. exchanged
C. burnt
D. distributed
50. A. approached
B. erupted
C. continued
D. ended
51. A. restaurant
B. library
C. city
D. wall
52. A. neighbours
B. soldiers
C. friends
D. customers
53. A. sold
B. read
C. saved
D. moved
54. A. occupied
B. bombed
C. quiet
D. busy
55. A. dreamed of
B. believed in
C. cared about
D. looked for
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alia Baker 是伊拉克的一名图书管理员，当伊拉克爆发
战争时，Alia Baker 害怕战争会破坏图书，于是向政府求助，在遭到拒绝后，Alia Baker 就自己动手，最后
在朋友和邻居的帮助下，Alia Baker 成功地将书转移到了安全的地方。
36. A 【解析】考查定语。根据后文＂for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge＂可知，图书馆是
那些喜爱书、喜欢分享知识的人集会、碰面(meeting)的地方。故选A。
37. D 【解析】考查动词。A. raised 举起，抬高；B. handled 应付，处理；C. reported 报道；D. discussed 讨
论。根据语境可知，这里是指他们讨论世界上的各种事情。故选D。
38. A 【解析】考查形容词。A. worried 担心的；B. angry 生气的；C. doubtful 怀疑的；D. curious 好奇的。
根据后文＂So Alia took matters into her own hands＂可知，Alia 自己将书搬走了，因此她应该是担心
战争会破坏书。故选A。
39. B 【解析】考查形容词。A. practical 实践的；B. precious 珍贵的；C. reliable 可靠的；D. expensive 昂贵
的。根据后文＂which are more 39 to her than mountains of gold＂可知，是将书与金山作比较，
指书对她来说比金山更珍贵。故选B。
40. C 【解析】考查副词。A. then 然后；B. still 仍然；C. even 甚至；D. rather 稍微。甚至一本关于伊拉克
历史的书已经七百年了，与前面的＂new books, ancient books＂是一种层次上的递进关系。故选C。
41. A 【解析】考查名词。A. permission 许可；B. confirmation 确认；C. explanation 解释；D. information 信
息。根据＂She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42 place＂可知，她
想获得政府的许可，将书转移到安全的地方。故选A。
42. D 【解析】考查形容词。参见上题解析。A. large 大的；B. public 公共的；C. distant 遥远的；D. safe 安
全的。故选D。
43. D 【解析】考查副词。A. Fortunately 幸运地；B. Surprisingly 惊奇地；C. Seriously 严重地；D. Secretly
秘密地。根据＂she brought books home every night＂可知，她是在秘密地转移书籍。故选D。
44. C 【解析】考查动词。A. starting 开始；B. parking 停车；C. filling 装满；D. testing 测试。根据＂
44
her car late after work＂可知，下班很晚后，她的车都装满了书。故选C。
45. B 【解析】考查动词。A. stop 停止；B. help 帮助；C. warn 警告；D. rescue 营救。根据后文＂Anis who
owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books.＂可知，她的朋友们都过来帮她转移书。故选B。
46. D 【解析】考查动词。A. intended 打算；B. pretended 假装；C. happened 发生；D. agreed 同意。根据＂
Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books＂可知，Anis 同意把一些书藏在他的饭店里
面。故选D。
47. B 【解析】考查名词。A. war 战争；B. night 夜晚；C. building 建筑物；D. way 方法。根据前文＂she
brought books home every night＂可知，他们每天晚上都去图书馆搬书，故选B。
48. C 【解析】考查动词。A. put 放；B. opened 打开；C. passed
通过；D. threw 扔。根据＂
over the seven-foot wall＂可知，他们是越过（pass over）七英尺高的墙搬的书。故选C。
49. A 【解析】考查动词。A. hid 隐藏；B. exchanged 交换；C. burnt 燃烧；D. distributed 分发。根据上文
中的＂Anis who owned a restaurant agreed to hide some books.＂可知，把书藏在Anis 的饭店。故选
A。
50. C 【解析】考查动词。A. approached 接近；B. erupted 爆发；C. continued 继续；D. ended 结束。由
后文＂Then nine days later, a fire burned the 51 to the ground.＂可知，战争仍在继续。故选C。
51. B 【解析】考查名词。A. restaurant 饭店；B. library 图书馆；C. city 城市；D. wall 墙壁。根据后文＂
Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library＂可知，这里指图书馆被一
场大火烧毁。故选B。
52. B 【解析】考查名词。A. neighbours 邻居；B. soldiers 士兵；C. friends 朋友；D. customers 顾客。and
连接两个并列句，轰炸停止，与之相对应的是，士兵离开了。故选B。
53. D 【解析】考查动词。A. sold 卖；B. read 阅读；C. saved 救；D. moved 移动。根据＂So she hired a
truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区)＂，可知，她决定再次把书移
走。故选D。
54. C 【解析】考查形容词。A. occupied 占据；B. bombed 轰炸；C. quiet 安静的；D. busy 忙的。根据＂
the bombing stopped and the soldiers left＂可知，战争结束了，士兵们也离开了，因此城市应该很安
静。
55. A 【解析】考查动词词组。A. dreamed of 梦想；B. believed in 相信；C. cared about 关心；D. looked for
寻找。根据＂Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library.＂可知，她梦想
和平的到来。故选A。
Cloze 5
【2017 年北京卷】Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years
old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can.
She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37
. She couldn’t understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to
think about how she could 38 , but, of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决) the
problem of homelessness.
Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, 39 an old
shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with 40 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in
them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother
about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did
something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’t 43 as bad.
Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She
hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foudation, an organization
aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to 45 ＂Big Bosses＂ lunches, where she would try to
persuade local business leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐) drive in
＂Ladybug Jars ＂ to collect everyone’s spare change during ＂Make Change ＂ month. More recently, the
foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day — a day when people donate $20 and wear red
scarves in support of Canada’s 48 and homeless.
There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called ＂Hannah’s Place＂, something that Hannah is very 49 of.
Hannah’s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors
can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 . For
example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world.
But 53 all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular
visits to homeless people.
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can, too!
36. A. jumping
B. eating
C. crying
D. waving
37. A. annoyed
B. nervous
C. ashamed
D. upset
38. A. behave
B. manage
C. help
D. work
39. A. pushing
B. carrying
C. buying
D. holding
40. A. goods
B. bottles
C. foods
D. bags
41. A. excited
B. determined
C. energetic
D. grateful
42. A. since
B. unless
C. although
D. as
43. A. sound
B. get
C. feel
D. look
44. A. exchange
B. leave
C. keep
D. spread
45. A. sell
B. deliver
C. host
D. pack
46. A. contribute
B. lead
C. apply
D. agree
47. A. campaign
B. trip
C. procedure
D. trial
48. A. elderly
B. hungry
C. lonely
D. sick
49. A. aware
B. afraid
C. proud
D. sure
50 A. going
B. sleeping
C. traveling
D. playing
51. A. praises
B. invitations
C. replies
D. appointments
52. A. needs
B. interests
C. dreams
D. efforts
53. A. for
B. through
C. besides
D. along
54. A. healthy
B. public
C. normal
D. tough
55. A. choice
B. profit
C. judgement
D. difference
【文章大意】本文讲述Hannah Taylor 通过自己的努力来建立公益组织筹集资金帮助那些无家可归忍饥挨饿
的人。
36. 考查动词。A. jumping 跳B. eating 吃C. crying 哭D. waving 挥手。他们看见一个人从垃圾桶里捡东西
吃，根据后文的hungry 可知答案为B。
37. 考查形容词。A. annoyed 生气的B. nervous 紧张的C. ashamed 羞耻的D. upset 难过的。Hannah 看到那
一情景，肯定很难过，故选D。
38. 考查动词。A. behave 表现，行为举止B. manage 成功做C. help 帮助D. work 工作。Hannah 开始思考她
如何能帮到他们，根据句意可知选C。
39. 考查动词。A. pushing 推B. carrying 拿C. buying 买D. holding 握。购物车肯定是推着的，根据逻辑常识
可推出，故选A。
40. 考查名词。A. goods 货物B. bottles 瓶子C. foods 食物D. bags 包。因为是流浪者，所以随身的东西肯定
都是用包装好的，故车上堆满了包，里面装满了东西，故选D。
41. 考查形容词。A. excited 激动的B. determined 下决心的，坚定的C. energetic 精力充沛的D. grateful 感激
的。Hannah 很难过，所以她更加下定决心一定要把这件事做好，故选B。
42. 考查连词。A. since 自从B. unless 除非C. although 尽管D. as 因为。句意：自从他们第一次看到无家可
归的人，Hannah 就一直在跟她的妈妈说流浪者的生活，根据句意可知选A。
43. 考查动词。A. sound 听B. get 获得C. feel
感觉D. look 看。她妈妈告诉她只要她付出努力去改
变那些让她难过的事情，就不会和以前一样感觉那么糟糕了，此处指的是感觉上，故选C。
44. 考查动词。A. exchange 交换B. leave 离开C. keep 保持D. spread 传播。她希望她那带着希望和意识的信
息能够传播开来，根据句意可知选D。
45. 考查动词。A. sell 卖B. deliver 传送; 投递C. host 主办宴会D. pack 打包。 她开始主办大老板午餐会，
说服那些商业领导们为她的慈善事业做出一些奉献，此处考查host 的特殊用法，主办宴会的意思，符
合语境，选C。
46. 考查动词。A. contribute 贡献，捐献B. lead 领导C. apply 申请，应用D. agree 同意。她试图劝说那些商
业领导们能为她的慈善事业做出些奉献，根据句意可知选A。
47. 考查名词。A. campaign 运动B. trip 旅行C. procedure 过程D. trial 实验。基金会又举办了一项运动，来
筹集资金，根据句意和逻辑推理可知选A。
48. 考查形容词。A. elderly 年纪大的B. hungry 饥饿的C. lonely 孤独的D. sick 生病的。此处是指为那些饥
饿的人和无家可归的人，前文中第一次出现的就是从垃圾桶里找东西吃的人让Hannah 很难过，所以
她的帮助对象肯定包含饥饿的人，故选B。
49. 考查形容词。A. aware 意识的B. afraid 害怕的C. proud 骄傲的D. sure 肯定的。前面提到为那些无家可
归的人见建了一个名为Hannah’s Place 的地方，以她的名字命名的，所以 Hannah 肯定非常骄傲，自
豪，故选C。
50. 考查动词。A. going 去B. sleeping 睡C. traveling 旅行D. playing 玩。当天冷到在室外睡觉就意味着死的
时候，这个避难所就会给那些无家可归的人，根据句意可知选B。
51. 考查名词。A. praises 赞美B. invitations 邀请C. replies 回复D. appointments 约会。她收到了很多的赞美。
因为下文有这方面的举例，给她颁奖，故答案为A。
52. 考查名词。A. needs 需要B. interests 兴趣C. dreams 梦想D. efforts 努力。此处是指这个奖项是为了认可
年轻人改变这个世界所作出的努力，根据句意可知选D。
53. 考查介词。A. for 为了B. through 通过C. besides 此外D. along 沿着。但是经过所有这些之后，Hannah
依然过着Winnipeg 学校一名女生的普通的生活，根据句意可知选B。
54. 考查形容词。A. healthy 健康的B. public 公共的C. normal 正常的，普通的D. tough 艰难的。Hannah 依
然过着Winnipeg 学校一名女生的普通的生活，根据句意可知答案为C。
55. 考查名词。A. choice 选择B. profit 利润C. judgement 判断D. difference 不同。此处为固定短语：make a
difference 起作用，有影响，故选D。
考点：人物故事类短文阅读
Cloze 6
【2017 年江苏卷】For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high
school, Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students,
36
across the campus with their heavy instrument
cases,
37
at school for practice hours
38
anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to
39
music,
as he hated getting to school extra early.
40
, one day, in the music class that was
41
of his school’s standard curriculum, he was playing idly(随
意地) on the piano and found it
42
to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually
43
doing it. He tried to hide his
44
pleasure from the music teacher, who had
45
over to listen. He might not
have done this particularly well,
46
the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good
47
and suggested that
Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there
48
him. There he decided to give the
cello(大提琴) a
49
. When he began practicing, he took it very
50
. But he quickly found that he loved
playing this instrument, and was
51
to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing
reasonably well.
This
52
, of course, that he arrived at school early in the morning,
53
his heavy instrument case across
the campus to the
54
looks of the non-musicians he had left
55
.
36. A. travelling
B. marching
C. pacing
D. struggling
37. A. rising up
B. coming up
C. driving up
D. turning up
38. A. before
B. after
C. until
D. since
39. A. betray
B. accept
C. avoid
D. appreciate
40. A. Therefore
B. However
C. Thus
D. Moreover
41. A. part
B. nature
C. basis
D. spirit
42. A. complicated
B. safe
C. confusing
D. easy
43. A. missed
B. disliked
C. enjoyed
D. denied
44. A. transparent
B. obvious
C. false
D. similar
45. A. run
B. jogged
C. jumped
D. wandered
46. A. because
B. but
C. though
D. so
47. A. ear
B. taste
C. heart
D. voice
48. A. occurred to
B. took to
C. appealed to
D. held to
49. A. change
B. chance
C. mission
D. function
50. A. seriously
B. proudly
C. casually
D. naturally
51. A. committed
B. used
C. limited
D. admitted
52. A. proved
B. showed
C. stressed
D. meant
53. A. pushing
B. dragging
C. lifting
D. rushing
54. A. admiring
B. pitying
C. annoying
D. teasing
55. A. over
B. aside
C. behind
D. out
【答案】36—40 DDACB 41—45 ADCBD 46—50 AACBC 51—55 ADBBC
【文章大意】文章描述了主人公Gabriel 从不喜欢音乐到喜欢的过程。每个人都应该发现自己的兴趣所在，
并为其投入时间和精力。
36.D 考查动词辨析。根据“with their heavy instrument cases”可知，每天上学的时候，Gabriel 总是同情地
看
着背着沉重的乐器的同学们艰难地穿梭于校园中，struggle 努力，艰难地行进，符合语境。
37. D 考查动词短语辨析。根据“ __37__at school for practice hours __38__ anyone else”可知，学习音乐的
同学需要比不学音乐的早到学校几个小时，为了练习弹奏乐器，turn up 原意“调高(音量)”，在此意
为“出现”，符合语境。
38.A 考查连词。“anyone else”指不学音乐的学生，学习音乐的要比规定的到校时间早到几个小时，before
anyone else had to be there 比规定的到校时间早几个小时。这也是Gabriel 不想学习音乐的原因之一。
39.C 考查动词辨析。本题需要结合语境进行选择。根据“as he hated getting to school extra early”可知，
Gabriel 讨厌过早到校，因此他对自己发誓“不学”音乐，A 背叛；B 接受；C 避免，避开；D 欣赏。
注意单词在文章中的灵活翻译，只有C 项符合语境。
40.B 考查副词辨析。本段讲Gabriel 在一次音乐课上意外发现自己很喜欢音乐，与上一段是转折关系，
故选B。
41.A 考查名词辨析。that was __41__of his school’s standard curriculum 是定语从句，音乐课是学
校的标准课程的一部分，言外之意就是说，每个学生都得上这门音乐课。
42.D 考查形容词辨析。根据下句“actually... tried to hide... pleasure”等词或词组可以看出，Gabriel 在音乐中
找到了乐趣，并试图隐藏这份愉悦，由此可知，第38 空的意思是“演奏音乐很容易”。只有D 项
符合语境。
43.C 考查动词辨析。根据actually 可知，Gabriel 对音乐的看法有了变化，他实际上是喜欢音乐的，A/B/D
都是有否定倾向的词，不符合语境。
44.B 考查形容词辨析。Gabriel 不想让音乐老师看到自己表露出来的很明显的喜悦之情，transparent 指(言、
借口)易看穿的；obvious 明显的，显然的，故选B。
45.D 考查动词辨析。A.run 跑，经营；B.jogged 慢跑；C.jumped 跳；D.wandered 漫游，闲逛，徘徊。音
乐老师在教室里来回走动，听到Gabriel 弹奏钢琴的声音，就走过来聆听。wander 符合语境。
46.A 考查连词辨析。根据“and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the
instruments”可知，老师让Gabriel 挑选乐器，说明他弹得不够好，钢琴不太适合他，因此可知此处
是因果关系。
47.A 考查名词辨析。老师认为Gabriel 有着很好辨音能力，并建议他去挑一件称心的乐器。ear 辨音力，灵
敏的听力；taste 鉴赏力，欣赏力，指对作品的欣赏能力。由于Gabriel 没有经过专业的训练，不能
说他有很好的音乐鉴赏能力，taste 不符合语境。
48.C 考查动词短语辨析。A.occur to sb 某人突然想起；B.take to 开始喜欢；C.appeal to 有吸引力，引起兴
趣；D.hold to 抓住。老师让Gabriel 找一件自己喜欢的乐器。
49.B 考查名词辨析。A.change 改变，零钱；B.chance 机会，可能性；C.mission 任务；D.function 功能。
Gabriel 准备试一下大提琴。给大提琴一次机会，即尝试拉一下大提琴，其余不符合语境。
50.C 考查副词辨析。根据But 可知，前后是转折关系，下句说Gabriel 发现自己很喜欢大提琴，说明前一
句是说他只是随便拉一下。
51.A 考查动词辨析。be committed to sth/ doing sth 致力于；be used to doing sth 某人习惯于做某事；be
limited to 被限制在；be admitted to 被录取，允许进入某地。根据“so that within a couple of months
he was playing reasonably well”可知，花了几个月的时间练习之后，Gabriel 的大提琴已经拉得非常好
了。
52.D 考查动词辨析。本段与第一段呼应。学习音乐意味着早到学校，要把沉重的乐器背来背去，meant 在
此意为“意味着”，构成句型It/This means that...这就意味着……
53.B 考查动词辨析。开始学习音乐之后，Gabriel 不得不拖着沉重的乐器早早地到学校练习拉琴。drag 指
吃力地拖、拉某物，符合语境。
54.B 考查形容词辨析。根据“non-musicians”可知，这里指不学音乐的学生的表情，根据第一段可知，不
学音乐的学生对学音乐的投去同情的目光，故选pitying。
55.C 考查介词辨析。leave aside 搁置一边；leave sb/sth behind 把……抛在后面，超过；leave out 遗漏，不
提及。学习音乐就意味着要被其他学生用同情的目光注视，这里指Gabriel 走过去之后，身后的学
生对他投来同情的目光。同情的目光来自被Gabriel“超过”的学生。
Cloze 7
【2017 年天津卷】At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it
to 16 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many
different kinds of 17 but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 18 .
When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me 19 . I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with
this 20 weight any more.
That year, I 21 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar
leader shared her 22 story — she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless
children.
23 by her story, I created the As We Heal(痊愈), the World Heals 24 . My goal was to lose 150
pounds in one year and raise $50,000 25 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination
of healing myself and healing the world 26 me as the perfect solution.
27 I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 28 the same
difficulties that beat me before. While the 29 hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed
down the right 30 . I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly.
Donations began 31 in from hundreds of people.
Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician（内科医生）, I hired a
fitness coach, and I began to eat small and 32 meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to
exercise 33 .
A year later, I 34 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I’ve been given a second life
to devote to something that is 35 and enormous.
16. A. add
B. mix
C. kill
D. share
17. A. diets
B. drinks
C. fruits
D. dishes
18. A. height
B. ability
C. wisdom
D. weight
19. A. temporarily
B. recently
C. seriously
D. secretly
20. A. ideal
B. extra
C. normal
D. low
21. A. attended
B. organized
C. recommended D. mentioned
22. A. folk
B. success
C. adventure
D. science
23. A. Surprised
B. Amused
C. Influenced
D. Disturbed
24. A. project
B. business
C. system
D. custom
25. A. in search of
B. in need of
C. in place of D. in support of
26. A. scared
B. considered
C. confused
D. struck
27. A. As
B. Until
C. If
D. Unless
28. A. get over
B. run into
C. look for
D. put aside
29. A. excitement
B. joy
C. anger
D. fear
30. A. row
B. hall
C. path
D. street
31. A. breaking
B. flooding
C. jumping D. stepping
32. A. heavy
B. full
C. expensive
D. healthy
33. A. regularly
B. limitlessly
C. suddenly
D. randomly
34. A. set
B. reached
C. missed
D. dropped
35. A. stressful
B. painful
C. meaningful D. peaceful
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述自己减肥成功的经历。作者通过给自己制定目标，然后坚持不懈
地努力去战胜困难，不仅减肥成功，而且募集了50,000 美元的资金，实现了自己的既定目标。通过这次经
历作者也认识到自己投入到了意义巨大的事情上。
16.C【解析】考查动词辨析。根据下文的并列成分to make myself feel better(为了使我自己感觉更好)可以判
断出前句是扼杀不好的感觉。A. 增加；B. 混合；C. 扼杀；D. 分享。故选C。
17.A【解析】考查名词辨析。根据At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. 和上文Worried about my health 可
知本句表示：我尝试了不同种类的饮食，但都没有起作用。A. 饮食；B. 饮料；C. 水果；D. 菜。根据句
意，故选A。
18.D【解析】考查名词辨析。根据上文I tried many different kinds of 17 but nothing worked.可知下文是：
我开始觉得我对自己的体重无能为力。A. 身高；B. 能力；C. 聪明；D. 体重。根据句意，故选D。
19.C【解析】考查副词辨析。根据上文可知作者减肥没有成功，由此可知本句为：当我五十岁时，我的体
重问题严重影响了我。A. 临时地；B. 近期；C. 严重地；D. 秘密地。故选C。
20.B【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据前句可知下文是：我不想我的余生带着这些额外的体重。A. 理想的；
B. 额外的；C. 正常的；D. 低的。故选B。
21.A【解析】考查动词辨析。根据宾语a seminar(一个研讨班)可知，我参加了一个研讨班。A. 参加；B.
组织；C. 推荐；D. 提到。故选A。
22.B【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless
children.可知，研讨会的一个领导和我分享了她的成功故事。A. 民间；B. 成功；C. 探险；D. 科学。故选
B。
23.C【解析】考查非谓语。根据上文的成功故事和下文I created the As We Heal(痊愈), the World Heals 24
.可知，我被她的故事所影响。A. 感到惊讶；B. 感到高兴；C. 被影响；D. 被打扰。故选C。
24.A【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文My goal was ...可知，我创建了这个As We Heal(痊愈), the World
Heals 项目。A. 工程，项目；B. 生意；C. 系统；D. 风俗习惯。故选A。下文30 空后的句子中的project
是提示。
25.D【解析】根据上文raise $50,000 可知，此处表示“为了支持三十年前为了结束饥饿而创办的一项活
动”。A. 为了寻找；B. 需要；C. 代替；D. 为了支持。故选D。
26.D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。根据主语This combination of healing myself and healing the world 可知，我认
为这种既治愈自己又治愈世界的结合似乎是一个完美的解决方案。根据句意和关键词as 判断出这是考查固
定短语：sth strikes sb 某人想到/认为……是……，故选D。
考查动词辨析。
27.A【解析】考查连词辨析。根据主句：I was filled with the fear...(我充满了恐惧……)可知此处是“当我开
始我的个人体重项目时”。A. 当……的时候；B. 直到；C. 如果；D. 除非。故选A。
28.B【解析】根据上文fear 和下文the same difficulties that beat me before 可知，我充满了恐惧，害怕遇到以
前打败我的同样的困难。A. 克服，战胜；B. 遇到；C. 寻找；D. 把……放到一边。故选B。
考查动词短语辨析。
29.D【解析】考查名词辨析。根据上文I was filled with the fear that ...可知，尽管恐惧围绕在我的脑海。A.
兴奋；B. 快乐，高兴；C. 生气；D. 恐惧。故选D。
30.C【解析】考查名词辨析。有迹象表明我正走向正确的道路。A. 排；B. 大厅；C. 路；D. 街道。故选
C。
31.B【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文It worked perfectly 可知，捐款从几百人那里涌入。break in 闯入；
flood in 大量涌入；jump in 跳进；step in 步入。故选B。
32.D【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上文hired a fitness coach 可知，我开始每餐吃少量且健康的食物。A.
重的；B. 满的；C. 贵的；D. 健康的。故选D。
33.A【解析】考查副词辨析。根据exercise 可知，我的募集资金的中心也给了我新的激励，让我定期锻炼。
A. 定期地；B. 无限度地；C. 突然地；D. 随意地。故选A。
34.B【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文第四段第二句和下文I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! 可知，我
实现了我的目标。A. 制定；B. 实现，达到；C. 错过；D. 使降低。故选B。
35.C【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上文的成功可以判断出句意为“我感觉到我被给予了第二次生命来做
有意义的大事”。A. 有压力的；B. 疼痛的；C. 有意义的；D. 和平的。故选C。
2016 年完形填空记叙文
Cloze 1
【2016 年新课标Ⅰ卷】 A Heroic Driver
Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after
delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he
found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from
under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher(灭火器). Two
good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call.
They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they
saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency
personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put
out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.
Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then,
Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.
One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning
vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life.
41. A. walking
B. touring
C. traveling
D. rushing
42. A. passengers
B. colleagues
C. employers
D. customers
43. A. Since
B. Although
C. As
D. If
44. A. each
B. another
C. that
D. his
45. A. flames
B. smoke
C. water
D. steam
46. A. used
B. disabled
C. removed
D. abandoned
47. A. got hold of
B. prepared
C. took charge of
D. controlled
48. A. came down
B. came through C. came in
D. came over
49. A. returned
B. received
C. made
D. confirmed
50. A. then
B. again
C. finally
D. even
51. A. Starting
B. Parking
C. Passing
D. Approaching
52. A. quiet
B. still
C. away
D. calm
53. A. for
B. so
C. and
D. but
54. A. explode
B. slip away
C. fall apart
D. crash
55. A. as if
B. unless
C. in case
D. after
56. A. stepped forward
B. backed off C. moved on
D. set out
57. A. woman
B. police
C. man
D. driver
58. A. forbidden
B. ready
C. asked
D. free
59. A. for certain
B. for consideration C. reported
D. checked
60. A. patience
B. skills
C. efforts
D. promise
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. C44. B 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. A
51. D 52. B 53. D 54.A 55.C 56.B 57.B 58.D 59. A 60. C
【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文主要介绍了司机Larry 在路上遇到着火的汽车，积极救人的故事。
41. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中Larry pulled over…可知他沿着公路行驶。Travel＂行进＂，故选C。
42. D 考查名词辨析。根据首句Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc.可知他是司机，由此推断他应该是在
给客户送完货后回去的路上。
43. C 考查连词辨析。根据语境判断当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。as＂当……时候＂。
44. B 考查代词辨析。根据前句Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on,可知当时有一辆开着亮灯的车，
由此判断他又发现一辆损毁的汽车。
45. A 考查名词辨析。根据第一段末句the fire was put out 可知当时汽车是着火了。flame 火苗。
46. B 考查形容词词辨析。根据第二段中a women’s voice coming from the wrecked vehicle 可知汽车是毁坏了
的。used 使用；disabled 残废的；removed 被移除了的；abandoned 被遗弃的。故选B。
47. A 考查动词辨析。根据后句可知他下车灭火。get hold of 拿起；prepare 准备；take charge of 负责；
control 控制。故选A
48. D 考查动词辨析。根据and told Larry he had ... an emergency call 可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry 说话。
come down 下来； come through 经历；come in 进来；come over 走过来。故选D。
49. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文可知这个司机打了电话报警。make a call 打电话。 故选C。
50. A 考查副词辨析。根据语境判断他们听到车内有人发出的声音。then 那时；again 再次；finally 终于；
even 甚至。故选A。
51. D 考查动词辨析。根据上文可知汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断Larry 离汽车远，由此判断走近，
才看到车内的那位女士。
52. B 考查形容词辨析。根据本段末句she should not move 可知，Larry 让这名女士不要动。quiet 安静的；
still 不动的；away 远离的；calm 沉着的。故选 B。
53. D 考查连词辨析。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry 不让她动，怕她伤到脖
子，这两句话之间是转折关系。
54. A 考查动词辨析。根据后句内容判断这位妇女害怕汽车会爆炸。explore 爆炸；slip away 溜走；fall apart
崩溃；crash 坠毁，摔碎。故选A 。
55. C 考查短语和介词辨析。根据上文可知Larry 害怕她脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。in case 以防
万一。
56. B 考查动词短语辨析。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。
57. B 考查名词辨析。根据上文Once fire and emergency people arrived 可知是救援的警察赶到现场。故选
B。
58. D 考查形容词辨析。根据后句可知警察让他离开了，由此判断Larry 询问警察他是否离去。
59. A 考查短语辨析。for certain 无疑地。
60. C 考查名词辨析。patience 耐心；skill 技能；effort 努力；promise 承诺。 故选C。根据上文可知Larry
努力挽救了别人的性命。选C。
Cloze 2
【2016 年新课标Ⅲ卷】When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That
meant 41 Miller King, who was the best 42 at our school.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football
everywhere for 43 .
Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back
from 44 . He looked very 45 , but he didn`t cry.
That season, I 46 all of Miller`s records while he 47 the home games from the bench. We
went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 48 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for
Miller’s 49 .
One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 50 going over a fence — which
wasn’t 51 to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to
accept 52 from. But even that challenge he accepted. I 53 him move slowly over the fence.
When we were finally 54 on the other side, he said to me, ＂ You know, I didn’t tell you this during
the season, but you did 55 .Thank you for filling in for 56 .＂
His words freed me from my bad 57 . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of
a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 58 ahead of me. I was right to have 59 him. From
that day on, I grew 60 and a little more real.
41. A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on
D. staying with
42. A. coach
B. student
C. teacher
D. player
43. A. practice
B. show
C. comfort
D. pleasure
44. A. school
B. vacation
C. hospital
D. training
45. A. pale
B. calm
C. relaxed
D. ashamed
46. A. held
B. broke
C. set
D. tried
47. A. reported
B. judged
C. organized D. watched
48. A. and
B. then
C. but
D. thus
49. A. decision B. mistake C. accident
D. sacrifice
50. A. stuck
B. hurt
C. tried
D. lost
51. A. steady
B. hard
C. fun
D. fit
52. A. praise
B. advice
C. assistance
D. apology
53. A. let
B. helped
C. had D. noticed
54. A. dropped
B. ready
C. trapped
D. safe
55. A. fine
B. wrong C. quickly
D. normally
56. A. us
B. yourself
C. me
D. them
57. A. memories
B. ideas
C. attitudes
D. dreams
58. A. still
B. also
C. yet
D. just
59. A. challenged
B. cured
C. invited
D. admired
60. A. healthier
B. bigger
C. cleverer
D. cooler
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. C 50. A
51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. D 58. A 59. D 60. B
【解析】试题分析：文章讲述了一个与足球有关的故事。作者想成为球队里最棒的球员，并向最优秀的球
员Miller 看齐。为了实现梦想，作者刻苦训练，在Miller 受伤之后，作者脱颖而出，成为最有价值的球员。
作者的表现也得到了Miller 的认可。
41. B A. cheering for 为……欢呼；B. beating out 打败；C. relying on 依靠；D. staying with 和……待在一起。
根据＂become the star on our football team＂可知，要想成为球队里的明星，就要打败最优秀的球员，
故选B。
42. D A. coach 教练；B. student 学生；C. teacher 教师；D. player 选手，球员。全校最好的球员是Miller
King，故选D。
43. A A. practice 练习；B. show 演出，表现，节目；C. comfort 安慰；D. pleasure 乐趣。作者随身带着足
球是为了练习，故选A。
44. C A. school 学校；B. vacation 假期；C. hospital 医院；D. training 训练。Miller 意外受伤，失去了右臂，
作者在他出院后去看他，故选C。
45. A A. pale 苍白的；B. calm 平静的；C. relaxed 放松的；D. ashamed 羞耻的，惭愧的。根据＂but he
didn’t cry＂可知，Miller 的情况不太乐观，故选A。
46. B A. held 握住，举行；B. broke 打破；C. set 创立，开创；D. tried 尝试。根据records(记录)可知，作
者破了Miller 的纪录，故选B。
47. D A. reported 报告；B. judged 判断；C. organized 组织；D. watched 观看。根据while he 47 the
home games from the bench 可知，受伤后的Miller 坐在长凳上观看比赛，故选D。
48. C A. and 和；B. then 然后；C. but 但是；D. thus 因此。 I was named most valuable player 和I often had
crazy dreams 形成对比，作者虽然被封为最有价值球员，但是他总是做噩梦，故选C。
49. C A. decision 决定；B. mistake 错误；C. accident 事故；D. sacrifice 牺牲。让作者感到内疚的是，仿佛
是自己应该为Miller 的事故负责，作者觉得有点胜之不武，故选C。
50. A A. stuck 被卡住的；B. hurt 受伤的；C. tired 劳累的；D. lost 丢失的。根据saw Miller 50 going
over a fence 可知，作者看到Miller 在翻篱笆，只有一只手臂的Miller 翻篱笆很困难，因此应该是被
卡在篱笆上了，故选A。
51. B A. steady 稳定的；B. hard 困难的；C. fun 有趣的；D. fit 合适的，健康的。此处是说，手臂健全的人
翻篱笆不费吹灰之力，故选B。
52. C A. praise 表扬；B. advice 建议；C. assistance 帮助；D. apology 道歉。作者认为Miller 最不愿接受作
者的帮助，the last 最不可能的，故选C。
53. B A. let 让；B. helped 帮助；C. had 有，使；D. noticed 注意到。根据＂he accepted＂可知，Miller 接受
了作者的帮助，故选B。
54. D A. dropped 掉落的；B. ready 准备好的；C. trapped 被困住的；D. safe 安全的。作者和Miller 两人成
功翻过篱笆，故选D。
55. A A. fine 够好，蛮不错；B. wrong 错误地；C. quickly 迅速地；D. normally 正常地。Miller 认为作者表
现得很好，故选A。
56. C A. us 我们；B. yourself 你自己；C. me 我；D. them 他们。Miller 感谢作者填补了他的空缺，故选
C。
57. D A. memories 记忆；B. ideas 主意；C. attitudes 态度；D. dreams 梦想。得到了Miller 的认可之后，作
者的噩梦也不见了踪影，故选D。
58. A A. still 仍然；B. also 也；C. yet 然而，还没；D. just 刚刚，仅仅。由Damaged but not defeated 可知
Mille 虽然受伤了，但却不会被打败，作者认为Miller 仍然是最强的，故选A。
59. D A. challenged 挑战；B. cured 治愈；C. invited 邀请；D. admired 敬佩，赞赏，欣赏。此处是说，作
者认为自己敬佩Miller 是对的，故选D。
60. B A. healthier 更健康的；B. bigger 更大的，更狂热的，更成功的；C. cleverer 更聪明的；D. cooler 更
酷的，更凉的。从那天起，作者长大了许多，更重视自己的存在了，故选B。
Cloze 3
【2016 年浙江卷】During the war, my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California. I
went to live there in order to be
21
him. I hated the place. I had never
22
been so unhappy. My
husband was ordered out on a long-term duty, and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was
23
—
almost 125°F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌).
24
a soul to talk to. The wind blew non-stop, and all the
food I ate, and the very air I breathed, were
25
with sand, sand, sand!
I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was
26
and coming back home. I said
I couldn’t stand it one minute longer. I
27
be in prison! My father answered my
28
with just two lines
— two lines that will always sing in my
29
— two lines that completely changed my life:
Two men looked out from prison bars,
One saw the mud, the other saw the stars.
I read those two lines
30
. I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good
in my present
31
; I would look for the stars.
I made friends with the natives, and their
32
amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite
artworks which they had
33
to sell to tourists. I studied the delightful forms of the cactus. I watched for the
desert sunsets, and
34
for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the sands of the desert
had been an ocean
35
.
What brought about this
36
change in me? The desert hadn’t changed,
37
I had. I had changed
my
38
. And by doing so, I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing
39
of my life. I was
excited by this new world that I had discovered. I had looked out of my self-created prison and
40
the stars.
21. A. off
B. behind
C. near
D. beyond
22. A. before
B. already
C. then
D. still
23. A. inflexible
B. incomprehensible
C. uncontrollable
D. unbearable
24. A. Only
B. Not
C. Many
D. Such
25. A. covered
B. filled
C. buried
D. charged
26. A. catching up
B. keeping up
C. giving up
D. getting up
27. A. ought to
B. might well
C. would rather
D. had better
28. A. request
B. call
C. question
D. letter
29. A. comparison
B. imagination
C. consideration
D. memory
30. A. over and over
B. by and by
C. up and down
D. now and then
31. A. company
B. occupation
C. situation
D. relationship
32. A. movement
B. reaction
C. guidance
D. purpose
33. A. refused
B. failed
C. managed
D. happened
34. A. asked
B. hunted
C. waited
D. headed
35. A. floor
B. surface
C. rock
D. level
36. A. shocking
B. challenging
C. puzzling
D. astonishing
37. A. as
B. but
C. for
D. or
38. A. attitude
B. principle
C. identity
D. standard
39. A. vacation
B. operation
C. affair
D. adventure
40. A. sought
B. counted
C. found
D. reached
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己为了离丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的军营里，寂寞的生
活和艰苦的生活条件让作者难以忍受，她写信告诉父母要回家。父亲给她的信中就两行字，就是这两行字
使作者改变了自己对人生的态度。
21.【答案】C
【解析】根据上下文可知，作者去住在那儿是为了靠近丈夫。A.远离；B.在……后面；C.靠近；D.超过。
故选C。
考点：考查介词辨析。
22.【答案】A
【解析】根据下文I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.可知，作者以前从没有感觉这么不开心。A.以前；B.
已经；C.然后；D.仍然。故选A。
考点：考查副词辨析。
23.【答案】D
【解析】根据almost 125°F 可知炎热让人无法忍受。 A.不灵活的；B.无法理解的；C.不能控制的；D.不能
忍受的。故选D。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
24.【答案】B
【解析】根据上文a desert 和alone 可知，没有一个人可以交谈。A.仅仅；B.没有；C.很多；D.这样。故选
B。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
25.【答案】B
【解析】根据上文a desert 可知，作者吃的食物、呼吸的空气都充满了沙子。A.覆盖；B.填满；C.埋葬；D.
负责，要价。故选B。
考点：考查动词辨析。
26.【答案】C
【解析】根据下文coming back home，可知，作者写信给父母，告诉他们她要放弃，要回家。A.赶上；B.
维持；C.放弃；D.起床。故选C。
考点：考查动词短语辨析。
27.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer 可知，我宁愿在监狱里。A.应该；B.很可能；C.
宁愿；D.最好。故选C。
考点：考查短语辨析。
28.【答案】D
【解析】根据上文I wrote to my parents 可知，作者的爸爸回复了作者的信，回信上只有两行字。A.请求；
B.电话；C.问题；D.信。故选D。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
29.【答案】D
【解析】根据句意：这两行字将永远在我记忆里唱响——这是彻底改变了我的生活的两行字。A.对比；B.
想象C.考虑；D.记忆。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
30.【答案】A
【解析】根据下文I was ashamed of myself 可知，作者一遍又一遍地读这两行字。A.一遍又一遍；B.不久C.
上上下下；D.不时。故选A。
考点：考查短语辨析。
31.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文I would look for the stars 可知，作者决定要发现在现在的境况中好的东西。A.公司，陪
伴；B.占据，职业；C.境况；D.关系。故选C。
考点：考查名词辨析。
32.【答案】B
【解析】根据下文They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists 可
知，作者和当地人交朋友，他们的反应让作者很惊讶。A.运动；B.反应；C.指导；D.目的。故选B。
考点：考查名词辨析。
33.【答案】A
【解析】根据句意：他们给我最喜欢的艺术作品的礼物，这些作品是他们拒绝卖给游客的。A.拒绝；B.失
败；C.设法完成；D.碰巧。故选A。
考点：考查动词辨析。
34.【答案】B
【解析】根据下文for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago 可知，作者寻找几百万前留下的
贝壳。A.问；B.打猎，搜寻，追捕；C.等待；D.前往。hunt for 寻找。故选B。
考点：考查动词辨析和短语搭配。
35.【答案】A
【解析】根据上文可知，几百万年前，沙漠曾经是海床。A.底，地面；B.表面；C.岩石；D.水平。故选
A。
考点：考查名词辨析。
36.【答案】D
【解析】根据上文two lines that completely changed my life 可知，这里是：什么导致了我这样令人惊讶的改
变？A.令人震惊的；B.有挑战的；C.令人困惑的；D.令人惊讶的。故选D。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
37.【答案】B
【解析】根据句意：沙漠没有改变，但是我变了。A.正如，因为，随着；B.但是；C.因为；D.或者。此处
表示转折关系，故选B。
考点：考查连词辨析。
38.【答案】A
【解析】根据下文I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 39 of my life 可知，是作者改
变了自己的态度。A.态度；B.原则；C.身份；D.标准。故选A。
考点：考查名词辨析。
39.【答案】D
【解析】根据上一段内容可知，作者将不愉快的经历变成最令人惊叹的人生冒险。A.假期；B.手术；C.事
务；D.冒险。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
40.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文I would look for the stars 可知，作者从自己制造的监狱向外看，发现了星星。A.寻找；B.
数数，重要；C.发现；D.到达。故选C。
考点：考查动词辨析。
Closz 4
【2016 年北京卷】A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy
snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 36 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly
infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town.
Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was
over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 39 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship.
Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.
41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 42 . Nome’s town
officials came up with a(n) 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana.
From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers—known as ＂mushers＂—would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力).
The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana
and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme
cold.
On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was
the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without
warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 49 , and so would the sick
children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of
snow blocked his 50 . He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it
was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose
to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean
disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 53 . He had found the trail.
At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs 54 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine.
He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.
Nome had been 55 .
36. A. examined
B. warned
C. interviewed
D. cured
37. A. harmless
B. helpless
C. fearless
D. careless
38. A. Moreover
B. Therefore
C. Otherwise
D. However
39. A. airport
B. station
C. harbor
D. border
40. A. narrow
B. snowy
C. busy
D. dirty
41. A. From
B. On
C. By
D. After
42. A. tired
B. upset
C. pale
D. sick
43. A. plan
B. excuse
C. message
D. topic
44. A. air
B. rail
C. sea
D. road
45. A. carry
B. return
C. mail
D. give
46. A. Though
B. Since
C. When
D. If
47. A. enter
B. move
C. visit
D. cross
48. A. shameful
B. boring
C. dangerous
D. foolish
49. A. escape
B. bleed
C. swim
D. die
50. A. memory
B. exit
C. way
D. destination
51. A. find
B. fix
C. pass
D. change
52. A. pretending
B. trying
C. asking
D. learning
53. A. run
B. leave
C. bite
D. play
54. A. gathered
B. stayed
C. camped
D. arrived
55. A. controlled
B. saved
C. founded
D. developed
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. B 41. C 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. A
46. C 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】试题分析：文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925 年1 月份的阿拉斯
加北部极其寒冷，由于大雪，诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一种致命的传染
病——白喉。为了拯救孩子们，人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终，人们通过狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。
36. A 考查动词辨析。A. examined 检查；B. warned 警告；C. interviewed 采访，面试；D. cured 治愈。医生
检查了一个生病的孩子，知道他患上了白喉，故选A。
37. B 考查形容词辨析。A. harmless 无害的；B. helpless 无望的；C. fearless 不怕的；D. careless 粗心的。如
果白喉肆虐诺姆，那里的孩子们都将毫无希望，故选B。
38. D 考查副词辨析。A. Moreover 而且；B. Therefore 因此；C. Otherwise 否则；D. However 然而。然而，
最近的药品供应站距离诺姆一千多公里，前后是转折关系，故选D。
39. C 考查名词辨析。A. airport 机场； B. station 车站；C. harbor 港口；D. border 边境。根据＂so it
couldn’t come by ship＂可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。
40. B 考查形容词辨析。A. narrow 狭窄的；B. snowy 被雪覆盖的；C. busy 繁忙的；D. dirty 脏的。根据第一
段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。
41. C 考查介词辨析。A. From 从……，自……；B. On 在……上面；C. By 通过，在……之前；D. After
在……之后。＂by+时间＂与完成时连用，后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来
完成时，故选C。
42. D 考查形容词辨析。A. tired 劳累的；B. upset 难过的；C. pale 苍白的；D. sick 生病的。四个孩子相继去
世，还有20 几个患病，故选D。
43. A 考查名词辨析。A. plan 计划；B. excuse 借口；C. message 信息；D. topic 话题。当地的官员想到了一
个计划，故选A。
44. B 考查名词辨析。A. air 空气；B. rail 栏杆，铁轨；C. sea 海洋；D. road 道路。根据下一段＂from the
train at Nenana＂可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana，故选B。
45. A 考查动词辨析。A. carry 运送，携带；B. return 返回，归还；C. mail 邮寄；D. give 给。然后再由乘坐
狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆，故选A。
46. C 考查时间状语从句。A. Though 虽然；B. Since 因为，自从；C. When 当；D. If 如果。当他把药物交给
下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。
47. D 考查动词辨析。A. enter 进入；B. move 移动；C. visit 拜访；D. cross 穿过。根据＂Norton Sound was
covered with ice＂可知，Norton Sound 是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala 必须穿过这片水域，故选D。
48. C 考查形容词辨析。A. shameful 惭愧的；B. boring 令人厌烦的；C. dangerous 危险的；D. foolish 愚蠢的。
根据＂which could sometimes break up without warning＂可知，这是旅途最难的一部分，故选C。
49. D 考查动词辨析。A. escape 逃跑；B. bleed 流血；C. swim 游泳；D. die 死亡。如果掉进寒冷的水中，
Seppala 会被冻死，诺姆的病童们也会死，故选D。
50. C 考查名词辨析。A. memory 记忆；B. exit 出口；C. way 道路；D. destination 目的地。根据下一句可知，
有的地方被大雪挡住了去路，Seppala 不得不绕道行驶，故选C。
51. A 考查动词辨析。A. find 找到；B. fix 固定，安装；C. pass 通过；D. change 改变。当时的天气状况极差，
Seppala 找到雪橇轨道是不可能的，只能靠他的狗，故选A。
52. B 考查动词辨析。A. pretending 假装；B. trying 努力；C. asking 问，要求；D. learning 学会。Seppala 的
狗努力嗅着其它狗的味道，故选B。
53. A 考查动词辨析。A. run 跑；B. leave 离开；C. bite 咬；D. play 玩耍。Seppala 的狗找到了轨道，开始奔
跑起来，故选A。
54. D 考查动词辨析。A. gathered 聚集；B. stayed 保持；C. camped 露营；D. arrived 到达。arrive in sp 到达
某地，这里指终于到达诺姆，故选D。
55. B 考查动词辨析。A. controlled 控制；B. saved 拯救；C. founded 建立；D. developed 发展。所有的孩子
得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选B。
Cloze 5
【2016 年江苏卷】Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. I met Kurt
Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were
36
, Kurt asked me, "John, what
is your
37
for personal growth?"
Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might
38
for growth. I told him about the
many activities in which I was
39
. And I went into a
40
about how hard I worked and the gains I was
making. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt
41
patiently, but then he
42
smiled and said, "You don’t
have a personal plan for growth, do you?"
"No," I
43
.
"You know," Kurt said simply, "growth is not a(n)
44
process."
And that’s when it
45
me. I wasn’t doing anything
46
to make myself better. And at that moment, I
made the
47
: I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my
48
.
That night, I talked to my wife about my
49
with Kurt and what I had learned. I
50
her the workbook
and tapes Kurt was selling. We
51
that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale. He was offering a
52
for us
to change our lives and achieve our dreams.
Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to
53
the resources. But more importantly,
we made a commitment to
54
together as a couple. From that day on, we learned together, traveled together,
and sacrificed together. It was a
55
decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.
36. A. working
B. preparing
C. thinking
D. eating
37. A. suggestion
B. demand
C. plan
D. request
38. A. appeal
B. look
C. call
D. qualify
39. A. involved
B. trapped
C. lost
D. bathed
40. A. lecture
B. speech
C. discussion
D. debate
41. A. calculated
B. listened
C. drank
D. explained
42. A. eagerly
B. gradually
C. gratefully
D. finally
43. A. admitted
B. interrupted
C. apologized
D. complained
44. A. automatic
B. slow
C. independent
D. changing
45. A. confused
B. informed
C. pleased
D. hit
46. A. on loan
B. on purpose
C. on sale
D. on balance
47. A. comment
B. announcement
C. decision
D. arrangement
48. A. life
B. progress
C. performance
D. investment
49. A. contract
B. conversation
C. negotiation
D. argument
50. A. lent
B. sold
C. showed
D. offered
51. A. recalled
B. defined
C. recognized
D. declared
52. A. tool
B. method
C. way
D. rule
53. A. provide
B. buy
C. give
D. deliver
54. A. grow
B. survive
C. move
D. gather
55. A. difficult
B. random
C. firm
D. wise
【文章大意】与一位大师邂逅，让作者认识到人生应该有成长计划，由此他拥有了幸福的人生。
36.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据＂for breakfast＂，可知我在吃早饭的时候遇见了Kurt。故D 项符合语
境。
37.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据42 空后＂You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you? ＂（对于个
人成长你并没有计划，是吧?）可知Kurt 在问我个人成长计划是什么。故C 项正确。
38.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。appeal 呼吁，吸引（通常与to 连用）；look for 寻找；call for 需要，需要；
qualify for 有资格，能胜任；当Kurt 提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关
的事情。故D 项正确。
39.A 【解析】考查形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in 提前到关系代词which 之前。be involved in 参
与……；卷入……；be trapped in 被困在……中；be lost in 沉浸于……；be bathed in 被……笼罩;我
告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A 项正确。
40.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大成就的演讲。lecture 讲座；
speech 演进；discussion 讨论；debate 辩论。故B 项正确。
41.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。我讲了十分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt 一直耐心地听我讲。故B 项正
确。
42.D 【解析】考查副词辨析。Kurt 耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：＂对于个人成长你并
没有计划，是吧？＂eagerly 热切地；gradually 逐渐地；gratefully 感激地；finally 最后。故D 项正确。
43.A 【解析】考查动词辨析。＂You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?＂是一个否定的反义疑问
句，在回答的时候＂No＂翻译为＂是的＂。说明我承认自己并没有个人成长计划。故A 项正确。
44.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。automatic 自动的；slow 缓慢的；independent 独立的；changing 不断变化
的；Kurt 告诉我成长并不是一个自动的过程，一定要有计划性，有计划的个人成长才是有效的成长。
从那以后我意识到自己在这方面的缺乏并作出改变。故选A 项。
45.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。Kurt 的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故
D 项正确。
46.B 【解析】考查介词辨析。on loan 暂借；on purpose 故意地；on sale 降价出售；on balance 总的来说。
他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意识地做一些让自己变得更好的事情。故B 项正确。
47.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。comment 评论； announcement 通告；decision 决定；arrangement 安排。此
处是说，我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C 项正确。
48.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。life 生活；progress 进步；performance 表演；investment 投资。由上下文可知
A 项正确。
49.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。contract 合同，契约；conversation 对话；negotiation 谈判；协商；argument
争论。此处是说，我把我和Kurt 的谈话告诉了妻子。故B 项正确。
50.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。我向妻子展示了Kurt 正在出售的书和磁带。故C 项正确。
51.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活
和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C 项正确。
52.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。Kurt 给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故C 项正确。
53.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。此处是说，我们决定购买他的书和磁带等资源。故B 项正确。
54.A 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文可知Kurt 和我谈论的是个人成长的话题，我和妻子在他的影响下
承诺共同成长，一起进步。故A 项正确。
55.D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。由While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.可知我和妻
子一起成长。说明他的资源对我们有很大的帮助，我们做出的是一个明智的决定。故D 项正确。
Cloze 6
【2016 年天津卷】The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible 16 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17 became
healthy.
Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head — to be a
swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 18 out local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 19 it. The
team practice, 20 , was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks.
Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next
morning, wearing her swimsuit 23 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she
refused to 24 and insisted she go.
From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 25 a single practice. She had a 26 intention within
herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this
__27__ human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 28 of course: often she would be
the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 29 — ever. But that didn’t
stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to
30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head
coach 31 , “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her
32 and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富) one can hold is
the heart.”
It was the greatest 34 of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 35 in her ten years, this was the
hour of true triumph(成功).
16. A. failure
B. pressure
C. loss
D. illness
17. A. usually
B. finally
C. firstly D. frequently
18. A. improve
B. train
C. join
D. contact
19. A. increased
B. found
C. created
D. made
20. A. however
B. therefore
C. otherwise D. instead
21. A. use
B. survive
C. save
D. waste
22. A. pull
B. tell
C. hide
D. fire
23. A. afraid
B. nervous
C. ready
D. free
24. A. take off
B. set off
C. give up
D. show up
25. A. attend
B. miss
C. ban
D. start
26. A. rich
B. weak
C. firm
D. kind
27. A. trusted
B. determined
C. experienced
D. embarrassed
28. A. frustration
B. delight
C. excitement
D. surprise
29. A. beginner
B. learner
C. partner D. winner
30. A. cheer on
B. compete with
C. respond to
D. run after
31. A. admitting
B. explaining
C. announcing
D. whispering
32. A. humor
B. will
C. honesty D. wisdom
33. A. Although
B. Since
C. Once D. Because
34. A. discovery
B. choice
C. influence D. moment
35. A. through
B. under
C. across D. around
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己十岁的女儿在童年遭受病痛之苦，在接受治疗之后好转，
之后决心做一个游泳选手，虽然身体不适，还是坚持训练，虽然经常是比赛的最后一名，但是她一直不放
弃。最后教练的一番话给予Cathy 最大的奖励和肯定。
16.D 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文的treatment 可知，Cathy 在童年的时候，得了可怕的疾病。A.失败；
B.压力；C.损失；D.疾病。故选D。
17.B【解析】考查副词辨析。根据上文After years of regular treatment 可知，她最后康复了。A.通常；B.最
后；C.首先；D.经常，频繁。故选B。
18.C【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文a dream came into her sweet little head 可知，她想参加我们当地的游
泳队。A.提高；B.训练；C.参加；D.联系。故选C。
19.D【解析】考查动词辨析和固定搭配。根据上文She practiced hard 可知，她最后做到了。A.增加；B.发
现；C.创造；D.使得，做。make it 做到，成功。故选D。
20.A【解析】考查副词辨析。根据下文was a tough start 可知，然而，游泳队的训练是个艰难的开始。A.然
而；B.因此；C.否则；D.代替。故选A。
21.B【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文she coughed and choked 可知，她咳嗽、窒息，在前几个星期差点无
法幸存下来。A.使用；B. 生存，幸存；C. 拯救，节约；D.浪费。故选B。
22.A【解析】考查动词辨析。根据Hearing her coughing bitterly one night 可知，我决定将她拉开。A.拉；B.
告诉，辨别；C.躲藏；D.解雇。故选A。
23.C【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据wearing her swimsuit 可知，她穿着游泳衣准备走。A.害怕的；B.紧张
的；C.准备好的；D.免费的，自由的。故选C。
24.C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing 可知，她
拒绝放弃，坚持要走。A.脱下，起飞，开始流行；B.启程，出发；C.放弃；D.出现。故选C。
25.B【解析】考查动词辨析。根据keep swimming 可知，Cathy 一直在训练，没有错过一次训练。A.参加；
B.错过；C. 禁止；D. 开始。故选B。
26.C【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上文Cathy 一直在训练，没有错过一次训练可知，她的内心有坚定的
意志。A.富有的；B.虚弱的；C.坚定的；D. 好心的。故选C。
27.B【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据下文with a passion and a mission 可知，我十岁的女儿成长为一个有决
心的人。A.信任的；B.有决心的；C.有经验的；D. 尴尬的。故选B。
28.A【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文often she would be the last swimmer in the race 可知，她也有挫败的
时候。A.沮丧，挫败；B.高兴；C.兴奋；D.惊讶。故选A。
29.D【解析】考查名词辨析。根据上文the last swimmer 可知，要Cathy 接受她不是获胜者很难。A.初学者；
B.学习者；C.伙伴；D.获胜者。故选D。
30.A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据下文praise their accomplishments 可知，Cathy 在那里为队友加油鼓
劲。A. 向……欢呼，为……鼓劲加油；B.和……竞争；C.回答；D.追赶。故选A。
31.C【解析】考查动词辨析。根据下文总教练说的话可知，这里是指总教练宣布的事情。A.承认；B.解释；
C.宣布；D.低语，耳语。故选C。
32.B【解析】考查名词辨析。根据enthusiasm 可知，教练是说：是Cathy 用她的意志力和热情激励了我们。
A.幽默；B.意愿，意志力；C.诚实；D.智慧。故选B。
33.A【解析】考查连词辨析。根据下文the most valuable asset 可知，虽然技巧和才能带来巨大成功，但是
一个人能拥有的最珍贵的财富是心。A.虽然；B.自从；C.一旦；D.因为。故选A。
34.D【解析】考查名词辨析。根据上一段内容可知，教练说这番话的时候是我女儿生活中最好的时刻。A.
发现；B.选择；C.影响；D.时刻。故选D。
35.A【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：她经历的这十年是真正成功的时候。A.通过（内部）；B.在……下面；
C.穿过（表面）；D.在……周围。故选A。
Cloze 7
【2016 年上海卷】In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management,
developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work
and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.
In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe,
53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be
imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.
Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures,
particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or
work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western
companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some
experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach
common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.
A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own
without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60
the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just
a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public.
Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and
delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and
that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.
Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet
work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of
what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.
51. A. desire
B. seek
C. lose
D. dislike
52. A. contrary
B. expectation
C. degree
D. extreme
53. A. vice versa
B. for example
C. however
D. otherwise
54. A. outside
B. inside
C. below
D. above
55. A. replacing
B. assessing
C. managing
D. encouraging
56. A. refer
B. contribute
C. object
D. apply
57. A. agreement
B. practice
C. election
D. impression
58. A. bossy
B. experienced
C. western
D. male
59. A. asking
B. training
C. warning
D. firing
60. A. doubling
B. maintaining
C. reducing
D. estimating
61. A. honored
B. left
C. crowded
D. compared
62. A. economically
B. traditionally
C. inadequately
D. occasionally
63. A. deny
B. admit
C. assume
D. ensure
64. A. virtual
B. ineffective
C. day-to-day
D. on-the-scene
65. A. opinion
B. risk
C. performance
D. attractiveness
【答案】51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. B 57. A 58. D 59. A 60. C
61. B 62. B 63. D 64. A 65. C
【解析】试题分析：本文是说明文，介绍了现代社会中一种新型管理理论——授权管理及其作用。
51.D 考查动词辨析。根据后半句＂....will do anything to avoid it＂可知人们本能上不喜欢工作，他们为逃避
工作可以做任何事情。故D 项正确。
52.A 考查名词辨析。to the contrary 相反的；to the degree 在某种程度上；to the extreme 走向极端。此处
是说，无论如何，尽管很多证据与这个理论相反，很多管理人仍然同意X 理论。故A 项正确。
53.B 由后面的例子他们认为如果要员工效率高，就需要给与他们不断的监督可知此处是举例说明。故B 项
正确。
54.D 考查副词辨析。根据后句可知，此处是说，他们的决定是来自上而下的，没有任何商量的余地。故
D 项＂above 上面的＂正确。
55.C 考查动词辨析。根据前段可知本文讨论的是管理学的理论，此处是说，不同的文化中有不同的管理
人的方法。故C 项正确。
56.B 考查动词短语辨析。refer to 提到，谈到；contribute to 做贡献；导致；object to 反对；apply to 适用
于。此处是说，亚洲人使用的是协商式的管理方法，所有人都被要求对管理的过程作出自己的贡献。故B
项正确。
57.A 考查名词辨析。agreement 同意；practice 练习，做法；election 选举；impression 印象。此处是说，亚
洲人使用协商式的管理方法，这种方法是建立在共同协商基础之上的，西方人也想模仿这样的管理方法。
故A 项正确。
58.D 考查形容词辨析。根据前半句＂....women will become more effective managers than men....＂可知有些
专家认为女性比男性管理更高效。因为女性更有亲和力，比男性管理人更容易与别人达成一致的目标。故
D 项正确。
59.A 考查动词辨析。根据前句＂... encourage employees to use their own initiative... ＂（鼓励员工使用自己
的首创精神），也就是说在作出决定的时候不用先请示上级经理。故A 项正确。
60.C 考查动词辨析。根据＂the trend towards downsizing＂（缩小规模的趋势）可知，也就是要减少管理层
的数量，可以直接做出决定而不需要请示上级。故动词＂reduce 减少＂符合语境。
61.B 考查形容词短语。be honored with 被授予；be left with 留下，剩下；be crowded with 挤满；be
compared with 与……相比；通过这种方法，公司只剩下高层管理者和前线的与公众直接联系的一线管理
人。省略了很多中央环节，提高了管理的效益。故B 项正确。
62.B 考查副词辨析。economically 经济地；traditionally 传统地；inadequately 不充分地；occasionally 偶尔
地；根据后句＂Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control＂可知授权管理是一个
新型的管理方法，与传统的管理模式不一样。故B 项正确。
63.D 考查动词辨析。deny 否认；admit 承认；assume 假定，设想；ensure 保证，确保；授权管理是一种新
型的管理方法，省略了中央管理环节，保证了整个商业计划被采用。根据句意可知D 正确。
64.A virtual 虚拟的；ineffective 低效的；day-to-day 日常的；on-the-scene 现场的。根据后句＂where teams
of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses＂可知在这种新型的管理方法
中，人们都是通过邮件和网络联系，说明这种一种新型通过虚拟网络进行的管理方法。故A 项正确。
65.C 考查名词辨析。opinion 观点；risk 冒险；performance 表现；attractiveness 魅力；根据后半句中＂
in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them＂可知我们评价员
工的表现是根据他们的产品而不是他们的工作时间。故C 项正确。
