夜雨聆风Hello大家好，今天来探讨当下AI发展和监管制定速度赛跑的问题，一篇来自CNBC的文章：
AI is outpacing the rules, Europe’s top bankers and regulators warn
AI的发展速度正在超过监管规则制定速度，欧洲顶级银行家和监管者警告
Published Fri, Jul 3 2026 8:21 AM EDT
Key Points要点
欧洲的监管机构和央行警告，规则制定正在挣扎着跟上AI快速发展。
官员承认AI提供了生产力增加——但是也在发展风险。
投资者说在AI投入正在帮助驱动美国表现优异时，欧洲的基于银行的金融系统为AI投资留下较少的融资通道。
Financial regulation is struggling to keep pace with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, according to European policymakers, who are grappling with how to support adoption while containing risks to market integrity and stability.
金融法规挣扎着跟上人工智能的快速发展，根据欧洲政策制定者，正在努力解决如何支撑（AI）应用，同时抑制市场诚信和稳定的风险。
Nikhil Rathi, CEO of the U.K.’s Financial Conduct Authority, said the traditional cycle of rulemaking “doesn’t work” in an era of fast-moving technological change, particularly as agentic AI development accelerates.
Nikhil Rathi，英国金融行为监管局CEO，说传统的规则制定循环在科技变化快速发展的时代“不起作用”，特别是当代理AI发展加速时。
“Technology moves incredibly fast, and we need to think differently about some of the innovations that we are seeing on AI,” Rathi told CNBC’s “ Squawk Box Europe” on Thursday.
“技术发展不可置信地快，我们需要不一样地思考我们在AI上看到的创新，”Rathi周四告诉CNBC的“欧洲对讲机”（一档财经节目）。
Rathi highlighted the efforts of Britain’s Financial Stability Board on frontier AI, as well as the creation of the AI Safety Institute in the U.K., as part of a broader drive to help policymakers, regulators and businesses better understand the risks and adopt the technology safely.
Rathi强调英国金融稳定委员会在前沿AI上的努力，以及英国AI安全机构的创造，作为更广阔驱动的一部分帮助政策制定者，监管者和商业更好理解风险并安全地应用这一技术。
Christine Lagarde, president of the European Central Bank, said AI is a source of productivity and gains. But, in an interview with France’s Les Échos, she also warned that the technology also poses a “major risk.”
Christine Lagarde，欧洲央行主席，说AI是生产力和收益的来源。但是，在接受法国Les Échos采访时，她也警告这一技术也造成一个“很大的风险”。
“For about a decade now we have been talking about cybersecurity risks, hacking, data theft and so on,” Lagarde said. “But with the acceleration and deepening of AI models, we are confronted with a much more serious risk, because it is happening very, very quickly, and because the means of defense — and the funding required for them — have yet to be found.”
“我们已经一直在谈论网络安全风险大约十年了，黑客，数据窃取等等，”Lagarde说。“但是随着AI模型的加速和深入，我们正在面临一个更加严重的风险，因为它发生的非常非常快，因为防御手段——以及要求的资金——还没有被建立。”
Her comments came after AI’s impact on productivity and market integrity emerged as a key talking point at the ECB’s annual meeting in Sintra, Portugal — Europe’s version of the Jackson Hole symposium — this week.
她做出的评论是在葡萄牙Sintra举办的ECB年度会议之后做出的，（这次会议中）AI对生产力和市场诚信度的影响作为一个关键的谈论点出现——欧洲版的Jackson Hole研讨会——本周。
Sarah Breeden, deputy governor of the Bank of England, said agentic AI could amplify volatility during bouts of market stress.
Sarah Breeden，英格兰银行的副主管，说代理AI会放大市场压力发作期间的波动性。
In her Sintra speech Tuesday, Breeden said that, for now, trading firms mainly use autonomous AI for lower-risk operational tasks, such as research. “But that could change quickly,” she said.
她在周二Sintra会议上的演讲，Breeden说，截至目前，股票交易公司主要使用自主AI进行低风险操作任务，比如研究。“但是那可能很快会改变。”她说。
Guardrails and circuit breakers?
防护栏和断路器
Increased use of agentic AI in financial markets may require greater oversight, she said, such as guardrails “ analogous to circuit breakers or kill switches” that would “limit or stop trading market-wide if faulty AI models cause market meltdown.”
在金融市场代理AI的使用增加可能要求更大的监督，她说，比如防护栏“类似于断路器或紧急停止开关”可以“限制或停止整个市场交易，如果错误的AI模型引起市场崩溃。”
But top bankers and regulators also recognize that Europe is lagging in AI investment and the development of frontier companies driving breakthroughs.
但是顶级银行家和监管者也认识到，欧洲在AI投资和驱动突破的前沿公司发展方面正在落后。
Boris Vujčić, vice-president of the European Central Bank, said: “Europe is now in a situation where…it has to, of course, develop its own capabilities in the AI sphere. There has also been a lot of talk about sovereignty issues in the AI sphere. Europe has in the past shown it is capable of adapting new technologies … [to] lift productivity growth. [But] it has not always been at the frontier.”
Boris Vujčić，欧洲央行副主席，说“欧洲现在处于这种状况中…它不得不，当然，发展他自己在AI领域的能力。还有很多关于AI领域主权的讨论。欧洲过去已经显示它能够应用新技术…提高生产增长。（但是）它并不经常处于前沿位置。”
Rathi said market authorities ultimately need to strike a better balance on such rapidly-evolving technology.
Rathi说市场监管方最终需要在如此快速进化的技术上实现更好的平衡。
He said that while tech innovation offers exciting opportunities for the U.K., particularly when it comes to the country’s productivity and growth challenges, it is critical that markets are not exposed to risks that regulators cannot yet fully monitor.
他说当技术发明为英国提供令人兴奋的机会时，特别是当面对国家的生产力和增长挑战时，市场不暴露于监管者还不能完全监控的风险下是十分关键的。
“The reality is some of these technologies now move in weeks, or months, and the traditional cycle of rulemaking simply doesn’t work in that way, so we need to think about new tools and a different way of working with the market in a more collaborative way, for example, on financial crime and AI risks, to be able to make sure we secure our objective of market integrity,” he said.
“现实是这些技术中的一些现在正以周或月为单位向前发展，传统的规则制定循环简单地在这种情况下不起作用，所以我们需要考虑新工具和与市场工作的不同方式，用一种更加合作的方式，例如，在金融犯罪和AI风险上，能够确保我们实现我们的市场诚信目标，”他说。
He added: “We don’t want to stand in way of adoption but we need to be transparent about where risks lie.”
他补充道：“我们不想阻挡（新技术的）应用，但是我们需要风险在哪里透明化。”
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