文档内容
bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
2018 年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ卷）
21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
A
D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours
22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.
Duration Tour
C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful
23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?
flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous
A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Meals D. Safety lights
monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms —
disappear! B
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is
Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore
a tight budget.
the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt
stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a
Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.
day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into
Duration: 3 hours
practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to
“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,”
experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain
she explains. “I pay £5 for a portion (一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are
you with the most, interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable
flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how
bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
The eight-part series (系列节自), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save
Duration: 3 hours (7miles)
Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up
products on the market.
close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.
With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different
Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes
family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some deliciousinspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages
but still tasty recipes. too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade, industrialisation, the development
24. What do we know about Susanna Reid? of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better
A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests. communications in the past few decades, all have caused many Languages to disappear, and dominant
B. She has started a new programme. languages such as English. Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
C. She dislikes working early in the morning.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely
D. She has had a light budget for her family.
uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people
25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?
while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages:
A. He buys cooking materials for her.
the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New
B. He prepares food for her kids.
Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6.000,
C. He assists her in cooking matters.
which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
D. He invites guest families for her.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few
26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?
elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in
A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.
Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a
B. Provide some advice for the readers.
question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
C. Add some background information.
28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?
D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.
A.They developed very fast. B. They were large in number.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
C. They had similar patters. D. They were closely connected
A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2？
B. Balancing Our Daily Diet
A.Complex. B. Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modem.
C. Making yourself a Perfect Chef
30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?
D. Cooking Well for Less
A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400. C.About 2,400. D.About 1,200.
31. What is the min idea of the text?
C
A. New languages will be created.
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less
B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages
coming and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly
C. Human development results in fewer languages
knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language
D. Geography determines language evolution.
experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke
perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
DWe may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny B. To test the life cycle of a product.
and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. C. To update consumers on new technology.
That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.
energy than the newer ones that do the same things. 34. Which of the following uses the least energy?
To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the A. The box-set TV. B. The tablet.
C. The LCD TV. D. The desktop computer.
Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product
35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?
throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method
A. Stop using them. B. Take them apart.
provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by
C. Upgrade them. D. Recycle them.
generation — Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras
arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones. “The living-room
Color is fundamental in home design — something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how
television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every
to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you
room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per
want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?
household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them.
36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this
the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）
important point. 37 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three
more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.
kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the
So what’s the solution（解决方案）? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also
large ones.
explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more
38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to
than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand
add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a
entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by
colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
44%.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves
32. What does the author think of new devices?
39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on
A. They are environment-friendly. B. They are no better than the old.
the feeling of a space.
C. They cost more to use at home. D. They go out of style quickly.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re
33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?
looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .
A. To reduce the cost of minerals.
A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you’re looking for 44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor
C. If you’re experimenting with a color 45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with 46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces 47.A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time 48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D.possible
50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分) 51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare
第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment
选项。 54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a 55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised
“free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, 56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill
who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I 57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments
58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control
weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an
59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate
international grandmaster, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s 46 . I could hardly
60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior
wait to 47 him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
order to 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-
learn in class to our future professions and, 52 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and
runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight
learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 .
and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he 55 me: “The absolute most
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at
important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you
lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study
have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among
published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart
all your options.” These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.
disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).
41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…it’s probably running. To avoid
42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills
43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tiredand get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor,
you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give
70 a try.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10
处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。
删除：把多余的用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a
change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another
animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.
They also had a small pond, which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot
by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I
planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你
回复邮件。内容包括：
1. 到达时间；
2. 合适的礼物；
3. 餐桌礼仪．
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.
2018 年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ卷）
Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes
参考答案与试题解析
bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
A
D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours
22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.
Duration Tour
C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful
23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?
flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous
A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Meals D. Safety lights
monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms —
【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读．
菁优网版权所有
disappear!
【分析】本文属于广告布告类阅读，文章介绍了华盛顿的四个骑行路线，具体介绍了他们从骑行
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
时间，骑行路线及注意事项等信息．
Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)
【解答】ADD
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore
21．A．细节理解题．在 Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.中 Reserve your spot before
the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each
availability --- and the cherry blossoms disappear!可知樱花消失之前要提前预定自己的位置，故答案
stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.
为A．
Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.
22．D．细节理解题．根据 Knowledgeable guides will entrtain you with the most interesting stories
Duration: 3 hours
about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks可知知识渊博的导游会给你带来最有趣的关于总统、
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to
国会、纪念馆和公园的故事，由此判断答案为D．
experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain
23．D．细节理解题．根据All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights 可知所有骑手
you with the most, interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable
都配有反光背心和安全灯，由此判断答案为D．
bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上
Duration: 3 hours (7miles)
合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get upB 26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?
Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.
cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on B. Provide some advice for the readers.
a tight budget. C. Add some background information.
In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.
Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a 27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s learnt into
B. Balancing Our Daily Diet
practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
C. Making yourself a Perfect Chef
“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,”
D. Cooking Well for Less
she explains. “I pay £5 for a portion (一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are
【考点】OA：健康环保类阅读．
flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how 菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文介绍了由Susanna主持的一档新的节目Good Morning Britain，节目中她向观众展示
cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”
如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的营养餐，该节目可以让观众花最少的钱却仍可以品尝美食．
The eight-part series (系列节自), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save
【解答】BCCD
Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health
24．B．推理判断题．根据第一段but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role --- showing families
products on the market.
how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget 可知她最近的角色就是烹饪---向家庭展
With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different
示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的营养餐，由此判断她开办了一个新的节目，故答案为B．
family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious
25．C．细节理解题．根据she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt
inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive
offers top tips on how to reduce food waste 可知Matt Tebbutt是在烹饪方面为Susanna提供帮助，故
but still tasty recipes.
答案为C．
24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?
26．C．段落大意题．根据第四段 The eight-part series （系列节目）, Save Money: Good Food,
A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.
follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money. Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get
B. She has started a new programme.
value from the vast range of health products on the market 可知本段介绍了Save Money的一些背景信
C. She dislikes working early in the morning.
息，故答案为C．
D. She has had a light budget for her family.
27．D．标题归纳题．本文介绍了由Susanna主持的一档新的节目Good Morning Britain，节目中
25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?
她向观众展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的营养餐，该节目可以让观众花最少的钱却仍可
A. He buys cooking materials for her.
B. He prepares food for her kids. 以品尝美食，所以最佳标题是Cooking Well for Less，故答案为D．
C. He assists her in cooking matters. 【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找
D. He invites guest families for her. 出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据． 30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?
A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400. C.About 2,400. D.About 1,200.
C 31. What is the min idea of the text?
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less A. New languages will be created.
coming and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages
knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language C. Human development results in fewer languages
experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke D. Geography determines language evolution.
【考点】O5：科教类阅读．
perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断地出现和消失，但
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages
最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越
too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade, industrialisation, the development
快．
of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better
【解答】BCBC
communications in the past few decades, all have caused many Languages to disappear, and dominant
28．B．推理判断题．根据第一段 When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small,
languages such as English. Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
tightly knit（联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other 可知在狩
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely
猎的时代，狩猎团队各自形成了自己的语言模式，这会导致大量不同的语言，语言种类的数量是
uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people
巨大的，故答案为B．
while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages:
29．C．词义猜测题．根据常识及 and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are
the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New
increasingly taking over 可知现在占据统治地位的语言有英语、西班牙语和汉语，可以猜测
Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6.000,
dominant意为"统治的，强大的"，故答案为C．
which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
30．B．数字计算题．根据At present, the world has about 6,800 languages及The median number（中
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few
位数）of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer
elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in
people than that可知世界上的仅仅不到6000人却说的语言占到一半的世界语言，世界所有的语言
Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a
大约有6800种，可知，6800*1/2=3400，故答案为B．
question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
31．C．主旨大意题．本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断地出
28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?
现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言
A.They developed very fast. B. They were large in number.
消失地越来越快，由此可以判断人类的发展导致了更少的语言，故答案为C．
C. They had similar patters. D. They were closely connected
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找
29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2？
A.Complex. B. Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modem. 出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上
合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?
D A. To reduce the cost of minerals.
We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something B. To test the life cycle of a product.
shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of C. To update consumers on new technology.
style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.
more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. 34. Which of the following uses the least energy?
To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the A. The box-set TV. B. The tablet.
C. The LCD TV. D. The desktop computer.
Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product
35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?
throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method
A. Stop using them. B. Take them apart.
provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by
C. Upgrade them. D. Recycle them.
generation — Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras
【考点】OA：健康环保类阅读．
arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, 菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文讲述的是持续使用旧的电子产品既不环保也不经济，研究人员测试出如果弃置旧电
before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.
器，换用新的多功能电子产品，将有近一半的节能节省，所以使用新的电子产品有利于环境．
As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones. “The living-room
【解答】ADBA
television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every
32．A．细节理解题．根据文章第一段的两句话可知，第一句表明人们并不会迅速抛弃旧的电子
room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per
产品，第二句 That’s bad news for the environment --- and our wallets --- as these outdated devices suck
household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them.
up much more energy than their newer counterparts 说明持续使用旧的电子产品对环境而言是不利的，
According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are
因为旧电子产品更耗能．因此，新电子产品应该是相对节能，即环保的．A项意为"他们是环保
the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）
的"．B项意为"他们并不比旧电子产品好"．C项意为"家用时他们更耗电"．D项意为"他们很快过
more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.
时"．故正确答案为A．
So what’s the solution（解决方案）? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also
33．D．细节理解题．根据文章第二段第一句话中的 To figure out how much power these devices are
explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more
using 可知，实验的目的是测量这些电器的耗电量．A项意为"降低矿物成本"．B项意为"测试产品
than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand
生命周期"．C项意为"使消费者了解新技术"．D项意为"测量这些电器的耗电量"．故正确答案为
entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by
D．
44%.
34．B．细节理解题．根据文章第四段最后一句话 They found that more on-demand entertainment
32. What does the author think of new devices?
viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44% 可知，
A. They are environment-friendly. B. They are no better than the old.
tablets比TVs和desktop computers 耗电量低，故 tablets 是最省电的．A项意为"机顶盒式电视机"
C. They cost more to use at home. D. They go out of style quickly.
B项意为"平板电脑"．C项意为"液晶电视"．D项意为"台式电脑"．故正确答案为B．35．A．推理判断题．根据文章的第一段可知，作者认为持续使用旧的电子产品既不环保也不经 B. Whatever you’re looking for
济，中间段落在测试各代电子产品进一步证明首段的观点．尾段谈到解决方案，研究人员测试出 C. If you’re experimenting with a color
如果弃置旧电器，换用新的多功能电子产品，将有近一半的节能节省，因此可以得出，作者支持 D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
用新产品替代旧产品．A项意为"停止使用它们"．B项意为"分解它们"．C项意为"升级它们"．D E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
项意为"回收它们"．故正确答案为A．
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找
【考点】PF：选句填空．
出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上
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【分析】本文属于说明文讲述了颜色在家居设计方面的重要性，恰当的颜色可以让人感到家的温
合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
馨并感到放松．
【解答】BADGF
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
36．B．考查上下文推理能力．上文提到 “Do you want a room that’s full of life?” 以及 “Or are you
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
just looking for a place to relax after a long day?” 下文提到 “color is the key”，B项意为"无论你在寻
Color is fundamental in home design — something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how
找什么．"承接上文，并且引出下文，符文语境．故正确答案为B．
to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you
37．A．考查上下文推理能力．下文提到"they can get a little complex." A 项意为"尽管它们都有
want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?
用．"引出下文，符合语境．故正确答案为A．
36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
38．D．考查上下文推理能力．上文提到"the small ones; the medium ones; and the large ones." D项
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this
意为"小色块选择是我们最熟悉的"，承接上文中出现的第一个 "the small ones"，符合语境．故正确
important point. 37 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three
答案为D．
kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the
39．G．考查上下文推理能力．下文提到"They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and
large ones.
they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space." G项意为"这方面的颜色选择是在小色块颜
38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to
色选择上有两方面升级"，符合语境．故正确答案为G．
add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a
40．F．考查上下文推理能力．下文提到"The time, effort and relative expense put into it are
colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
significant." F 项意为"所以你这些事一定是有报答的，因为你从一开始就想让它在正常的轨道
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves
上．"符合语境．故正确答案为F．
39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子．解题
the feeling of a space.
时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re
符合语境的句子．
looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .
A. While all of them are useful
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment
选项。 54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a 55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised
“free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, 56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill
who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I 57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments
58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control
weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an
59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate
international grandmaster, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s 46 . I could hardly
60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior
wait to 47 him.
【考点】M6：人生感悟类阅读．
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game
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【分析】本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读，作者通过自己大学期间选修国际象棋的经历，告诉我们人
for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In
生如象棋，每一步都需要做好决定，这在做任何一件事中都是如此．
order to 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would
【解答】41-45 BCADD 46-50 CBDCB 51-55 CACBA 56-60 DBADA
learn in class to our future professions and, 52 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and
41．B．考查动词短语及语境理解．A．put forward提出；B．jumped at急于接受；C．tried out 试
learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 .
用；D．turned down拒绝；根据More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess 可知作者迫不及待
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he 55 me: “The absolute most
地要去学习这门课程，因为自己一直想学习国际象棋，故答案为B．
important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you
42．C．考查动词及语境理解．A．waste浪费；B．earn赚得；C．save节约，拯救； D．pay支
have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among
付；根据前文I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course 可知这门课是免费
all your options.” These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.
的，作者认为谁不想节省几美元呢，故答案为C．
41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down
43．A．考查形容词及语境理解．A．excited激动的；B．worried担心的；C．moved激动的；
42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
D．tired疲惫的；根据下文was appealing enough to me可知尽管学分并不让作者足够激动，故答案
43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired
为A．
44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor
44．D．考查名词及语境理解．A．title标题；B．competitor竞争者；C．textbook教科书；D．
45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant
instructor指导者，教师；根据下文He was an international grandmaster可知这位国际大师级的教练
46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest
足够吸引作者了，故答案为D．
47.A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat
45．D．考查动词及语境理解．A．urged催促；B．demanded要求；C．held举行；D．meant 意
48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job
49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D.possible 味着；根据which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s 可知这对于作者来说意味着可以
50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe 从最擅长这个游戏的人之一那学到技能，故答案为D．
51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare 46．C．考查形容词及语境理解．A．fastest最快的；B．easiest最容易的；C．best最好的；D．rarest最稀有的；根据前文He was an international grandmaster可知这位教练是最好的教练之一，故 55．A．考查动词及语境理解．A．taught教；B．wrote写；C．questioned质问； D．promised允
答案为C． 诺；根据前文 Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach 可知 Maurice
47．B．考查动词及语境理解．A．interview采访，面试；B．meet遇见；C．challenge挑战；D． Ashley是作者的教练，此处应该是教给作者的知识，故答案为A．
beat击败；根据前文news about our 44 was appealing enough to me.可知作者迫不及待地要见到这 56．D．考查名词及语境理解．A．fact事实；B．step脚步，步骤；C．manner行为；D．skill技
位教练，故答案为B． 能；根据The absolute most important 56 that you learn可知此处指的是作者学到的最重要的技能，
48．D．考查名词及语境理解．A．chance机会；B．qualification资格；C．honor荣誉；D．job 故答案为D．
工作；根据前文a former graduate returning to teach可知这位教练是往届毕业生，又回校教授国际 57．B．考查名词及语境理解．A．grades等级；B．decisions决定；C．impressions印象；D．
象棋，这对于他来说是份工作，故答案为D． comments评论；根据下文the best move from among all your options 可知最重要的技能是如何作出
49．C．考查形容词及语境理解．A．real 真正的；B．perfect 完美的；C．clear 清楚的；D． 决定，故答案为B．
possible可能的；根据In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. 可知在 58．A．考查动词及语境理解．A．analyze分析；B．describe描述；C．rebuild重建；D．control
介绍中，教练清楚地阐明了他的课程的学分将会很难取得，故答案为C． 控制；根据常识及 every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is
50．B．考查动词及语境理解．A．attend参加；B．pass通过；C．skip跳过；D．observe观察； doing 可知下象棋的时候需要分析每一步棋，还要分析对手会怎么做，故答案为A．
根据前文our credits would be hard-earned可知由于学分很难取得，此处是作者为了通过课程，故答 59．D．考查动词及语境理解．A． announce宣告； B． signal发信号； C． block阻碍； D．
案为B． evaluate评估；根据下文the best move from among all your options 可知要评估哪一步是最好的一步
51．C．考查动词及语境理解．A．add 增加；B．expose 暴露；C．apply 申请，运用；D． 棋，故答案为D．
compare比较；根据 we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our 60．A．考查名词及语境理解．A．role角色；B．desire欲望；C．concern关心； D．behavior 行
future professions 可知作者必须写一篇论文，说明打算如何把课堂上学到的东西应用到将来的职业 为；根据These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.可知在我担任记者的角色的今天，
中去，故答案为C． 这些话仍然是真实的，故答案为A．
52．A．考查副词及语境理解．A．eventually最后；B．naturally自然地；C．directly直接地； 【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不
D．normally正常地；根据we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class 断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须
to our future professions and, 52 , to our lives.可知作者必须写一篇论文，说明打算如何把课堂上学 先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后
到的东西应用到将来的职业中去，并最终运用到生活中去，故答案为A． 一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读
53．C．考查名词及语境理解．A．game比赛，游戏；B．presentation 展示；C．course课程； 一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．
D．experiment实验；根据前文I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course 可
知作者在这门课程中获得了A，故答案为C． 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
54．B．考查名词及语境理解．A．criterion规范，标准；B．classroom教室；C． department部门； 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
D．situation情形；根据前文learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the可知作者学到了 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-
在课堂之外为他服务的生活课程，故答案为B． runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweightand still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)
forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. 第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10
minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause). 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…it’s probably running. To avoid 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。
knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills 删除：把多余的用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor,
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。
70 a try.
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a
【考点】N6：语法填空．
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change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another
【分析】本文讲述跑步的好处：根据医学杂志上的一项证据，跑步者比不跑步的人多活三年．每
animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.
天只要跑5到10分钟，就能降低罹患心脏病和各种原因导致的早亡风险．跑步既便宜又容易，而
They also Iwent here again, they had a big separnte house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a
且总是充满活力．
small pond, which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I
【解答】
61． longer，考查比较级，后面有than，所以用比较级． felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for
62． to see，考查不定式，作目的状语，所以用不定式． every two years, but he agreed.
63． dying，考查动名词，介词of后跟动名词作宾语． 【考点】NA：短文改错．
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64． is，考查主谓一致，主语为it，所以用第三人称单数谓语． 【分析】本文讲述乡下祖父母家发生的变化，生活越来越好，我感到幸福，打算每一年回老家一
65． than，考查固定搭配，前面有比较级more effective，所以用than． 次．
66． that/which，考查定语从句，先行词为study，在定语从句中作主语，所以用which或that引导． 【解答】During my last winter holiday, I went to∧ countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.
67． causes，考查名词的数，cause "原因"，为可数名词，前面有all，所以用复数． I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks,
68． strengthen，考查动词，作目的状语，用不定式，前面有to，所以用动词原形． and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of
69． energetic，考查形容词，作表语，所以用形容词． chicken. They also had a small pond ∧which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned
70． it/running，考查名词或代词，指代前面提到的 running，可以用running，作宾语，也可以用 quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father
it． that I planned to return for every years, but he agreed．
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上， 1．to后面加the．考查冠词．名词countryside前边要加the，这里是特指乡下．
灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式， 2．find改成found．考查时态．根据时间是去年寒假，所以用过去时．
副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识． 3．another改成other．考查形容词．根据句意； 他们和狗，鸭子，以及其他的动物，another是形
容词"其他的"．4．here改成there．考查副词．祖父母在乡下，所以应该是去那里． 高分句型
5．chicken改成chickens．考查名词的数．chicken作为"鸡"讲是可数名词．所以用复数形式． 1．To begin with, according to our tradition, you are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help the
6．加in which或者where．考查定语从句，先行词为 pond，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用 family prepare the dinner, which is not only meaningful but also interesting. 句子里so that引导目的状
where或in which引导． 语从句 you can help the family prepare the dinner；which 引导非限制性定语从句 is not only
7．sell改成selling．考查动名词，介词by后跟动名词作宾语． meaningful but also interesting．
8．happily改成happy．考查形容词，作felt的表语，用形容词． 首先，根据我们的传统，你应该早点到达，这样你就可以帮助家人准备晚餐，这不仅有意义，而
9．去掉return后面的for，every two years每两年，为固定搭配，不加for．
且很有趣．
10．but改成and．考查连词，前后句子是并列关系，所以用and连接． 2．I have the confidence that you will have a great time. 句子里解释名词the confidence 的含义，that
【点评】1．先通读全文．认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意．注意文章中上下文
引导同位语从句you will have a great time．
的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致． 我相信你会玩得很开心．
2．聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，分句（注意以句子为单位而不是以行为单位）对不同
【解答】
的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减词）． Dear Teny,
3．再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确．一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一 How are you going? In your last letter, you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friend’s home.
种改法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的 Now, I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.（点明书信目的）
行进行推敲．在自己认为正确的行后划勾，并且校对其他行改正的符号是否准确，大小写是否拼 To begin with, according to our tradition, you are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help the
写正确（这点同学们很容易忽视）．如果某一行有两种改错方式要推敲哪一种是最佳改法． family prepare the dinner, which is not only meaningful but also interesting.【高分句型一】Besides,
you’d better bring some gifts, such as a book or a Chinese knot. What’s more, when you are enjoying the
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分) meal, you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.（介绍做客应该注意的问题：到达时间；
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你
合适的礼物；餐桌礼仪．）
回复邮件。内容包括： Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you. I have the confidence that you will have a
1. 到达时间；
great time.【高分句型二】Looking forward to your good news.（希望自己的建议对他有用）
2. 合适的礼物；
Best wishes!
3. 餐桌礼仪．
Yours,
注意：
Li Hua.
1. 词数100左右；
【点评】考查提纲类作文
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
书面表达是一个高度综合性的题目，旨在考查考生的英语基础，发扬个性、关注环境的设题理念
【考点】R1：提纲类．
仍将是未来几年高考书面表 达的基本思路． 试题设置均为半开放式，给考生一定提 示的同时，
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【分析】这是李华给新西兰朋友Teny的一封信．根据题目要求可知用第一人称，时态以一般现在
也给考生提供了更为宽广的思维 空间，使考生留有很大的自由发挥的余地， 这样更能全面和客观
时态为主．
地考查考生的语言组织 和书面表达的能力．要写出一篇好的文章， 考生不仅要精炼地表达所给信息，更加重要 的是在自由发挥部分，要有自己独到的见解．
