文档内容
2014 年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ） C. An announcement. D. An official report.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60分）
B
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
Passenger pigeons（旅鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the
上将该项涂黑。
sky for hours.
A
It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion
The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge
passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States,
Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!
making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had
The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity
already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long
Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create
was seen near Cincinnati.
artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.
Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were
Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows
abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial
what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the
hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw
Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February
large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in
8th.
restaurants.
Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special
By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested
ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students.
had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered（驱散）the flocks and forced the birds
Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given.
to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great
Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.
flocks were gone, never to be seen again.
Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then,
ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information
no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United
are available at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.org.
States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human
21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?
care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in
A. School students B. Cambridge locals C. CSF winners D. MIT artists
September 1, 1914.
22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?
24. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons .
A. On February 8th B. On March 10th C. On April 21st D. On March 15th
A. were the biggest bird in the world
23. What type of writing is this text?
B. lived mainly in the south of America
A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.
第1页（共15页）C. did great harm to the natural environment accomplish, someone you want to become … take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want
D. were the largest bird population in the US to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.
25. The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ . 28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?
A. escape B. ruin C. liberation D. evolution A. To show off his skills. B. To trick the lion.
26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience.
A. To seek pleasure B. To save other birds 29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?
C. To make money D. To protect crops A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things.
27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan? C. They find it hard to make changed. D. They have to do something for show.
A. It was ignored by the public B. It was declared too late 30. What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?
C. It was unfair D. It was strict A. Tolerant B. Doubtful C. Respectful D. Supportive
31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to .
C A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits
A typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip （鞭）and a C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance
chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the
important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all D
four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other
about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world
attacking the man holding the chair. today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and
How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
you want to achieve（e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more）--- only to end up confused by all of In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations--- UNESCO and
the options in front of you and never make progress? National Geographic among them---have for many years been documenting dying languages and the
This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, cultures they reflect.
the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages
result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A
action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving. Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out
It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember of his experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.
this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready Documenting the Tangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include
is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But
第2页（共15页）he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.
At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials---including 第二节 （共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）
photographs, films, tap recordings, and field notes---which had remained unstudied and were badly in 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选
need of care and protection. 项。
Now, through the two organizations that he has founded---the Digital Himalaya Project and the The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills
World Oral Literature Project---Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the youngers. 1. Curiosity
Generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients（配料）can we add
technology and the widely available Internet. Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the
reconnected with speech communities. pancakes better? What could we try next time?
32. Many scholars are making efforts to . 2. Creativity
A. promote global language B. rescue disappearing languages True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 38
C. search for language communities D. set up language research organizations There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create
33. What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to? something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.
A. Having full records of the languages. 3. Personal skills
B. Writing books on language teaching. Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own
C. Telling stories about language users. head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping
D. Living with the native speakers. to false conclusions. 39 “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by
34. What is Turin’s book based on? looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”
A. The cultural studies in India. 4. Self Expression
B. The documents available at Yale. 40 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas---music, acting, drawing, building,
C. His language research in Bhutan. photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.
D. His personal experience in Nepal. A. Encourage kids to cook with you.
35. Which of the following best describes Turin’s work? B. And we can’t forget science education.
A. Write, sell and donate. B. Record, repair and reward. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
C. Design, experiment and report. D. Collect, protect and reconnect. D. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.
E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.
F. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?
第3页（共15页）G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 48. A. silently B. impatiently C. worriedly D. gladly
49. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 55分）
50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement
第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题两分，满分40分）
51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出可以填入空白处的
52. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees
最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
53. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely
As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine（常
规）basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, on
54. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered
Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears 55. A. need B. learn C. plan D. start
off and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 56. A. great B. strange C. difficult D. correct
stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 47 interest. When
57. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge
parents bring home a pet, their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however,
58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon
the 49 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with
59. A. lost B. chose C. quit D. left
great 50 but are soon looking forward to 51 . The same is true of the young adults going to
60. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues．
college. And then, how many 52 , who now complain（抱怨）about the long drives to work,
53 drove for hour at a time when they first 54 their driver’s licenses （执照）? Before people
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
retire, they usually 55 to do a lot of 56 things, which they never had 57 to do while
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
working. But 58 after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？
become as boring as the jobs they 59 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61
60 .
（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62
41. A. habit B. principle C. way D. power
（actual）caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding
42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages
examples of environmental cleanup.
43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65
44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow
（reduce） the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the
45. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive water in the river is 66 （clean）than ever.
46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. half-filled D. newly-collected Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family
crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face
47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main
第4页（共15页）such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are 68 （amaze） stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69
（change） are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
70 （patience）. 假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周．下面的广告引起了你的注意，请
给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10
处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry 注意：
tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden. Since then --- for all these year --- we had been allowing 1. 词数100左右；
tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we 3. 参 考 词 汇 ： 住 宿 —accommodation.
allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect
attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
第5页（共15页）A. On February 8th B. On March 10th C. On April 21st D. On March 15th
2014 年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ） 23. What type of writing is this text?
A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.
参考答案与试题解析
C. An announcement. D. An official report.
【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60分） 菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是有关第六届剑桥科技节的通知，通知要求 5至 14岁的学生可以报名参加，参赛作
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
品可以是一张画、一篇文章、一张照片或一首诗，作品要能够鼓励人们探险世界．将在 4月 21日
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
给优秀作品颁奖．
上将该项涂黑。
【解答】ACC
A
21．A．细节理解题．根据文章第一段 2，3行 The challenge invites, even dares school students
The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge
between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it
Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!
inspires them to explore their world.可知，这个活动主要的参加对象是学校里的学生．故A 正确．
The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity
22．C．细节理解题．根据文章第三段 Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as
Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create
winners will be honor at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. 可知，进入挑战赛
artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.
并获奖的同学将在4月21日的颁奖典礼上接受颁奖．故C正确．
Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows
23．C．推理判断题．本文主要介绍了 The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge 剑桥科技
what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the
节的很多信息，根据短文的内容及 The program guidelines and other related information are available
Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February
at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.org.如果想了解更多的信息可以登陆这个网址．可推知这是一个通
8th.
知，属于应用文中的通知．也就是让别人知道这件重大活动的情况．故C正确．
Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special
【点评】本文是广告布告类阅读，关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题意原文的异同，对于不能
ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students.
直接找到根据的小题注意根据相关信息，进行推理分析．
Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given.
Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.
B
Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing
Passenger pigeons（旅鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.
ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information
Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the
are available at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.org.
sky for hours.
21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?
It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion
A. School students B. Cambridge locals C. CSF winners D. MIT artists
passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States,
22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?
第6页（共15页）making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had A. It was ignored by the public B. It was declared too late
already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long C. It was unfair D. It was strict
was seen near Cincinnati. 【考点】OC：人文地理类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．
菁优网版权所有
Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were 【分析】文章主要讲述了旅鸽的灭绝的故事，由于人们警惕意识弱，相关法律出台太晚，最后一
abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial 只旅鸽也在100年前死去．
hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw 【解答】DBCB
large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in 24．D．推理判断题．根据第二段的内容可知，据计算，旅鸽数量最多时，有 30多亿只，相当于
restaurants. 美国鸟类总数的 24%﹣40%．到 1870年，旅鸽的数量已经减少了，但是，有人在 Cincinnati 附近
By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested 看到鸽群的规模为 1英里宽，320英里长．由此可见，在 18至 19世纪，旅鸽的数量最多．第一
had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered（驱散）the flocks and forced the birds 段的第二句也是关键信息．故选D．
to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great 25．B．词义猜测题．根据第三段的内容可知，旅鸽的数量巨大最终导致它们灭绝．undoing意为"
flocks were gone, never to be seen again. 毁灭"，与ruin同义．故选B．
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, 26．C．细节理解题．根据第三段可知，商业猎人用大网来围捕旅鸽，然后运到大城市卖给餐
no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United 馆，由此可见，人们捕杀旅鸽主要是为了赚钱．故选C．
States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human 27．B．推理判断题．根据最后一段的内容可知，1897年密歇根州出台了法律，禁止捕杀旅
care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in 鸽．那时，人们已经十年没有看到大规模的旅鸽群出没．由此可知，保护旅鸽的法律出台太晚
September 1, 1914. 了．故选B．
24. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons . 【点评】本篇阅读理解主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力，
A. were the biggest bird in the world 学生应该挖掘寓意，掌握中心思想，推出结论．做题时要立足于文章整体，再迅速读一遍短文，
B. lived mainly in the south of America 短文中的问题和答案的设置前后都是相关联的，有着一定的连续性，体现着文章的基本脉络．
C. did great harm to the natural environment
D. were the largest bird population in the US C
25. The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ . A typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip （鞭）and a
A. escape B. ruin C. liberation D. evolution chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the
26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all
A. To seek pleasure B. To save other birds four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure
C. To make money D. To protect crops about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of
27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan? attacking the man holding the chair.
第7页（共15页）How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something 【解答】AABC
you want to achieve（e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more）--- only to end up confused by all of 28．A 考查细节理解．根据第一段中"When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the
the options in front of you and never make progress? lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time"可知，当驯兽师拿着椅子在狮子面前
This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, 时，狮子关注椅子的四条腿，因此椅子用是用来戏耍狮子的．故选A．
the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end 29．A 考查推理判断．根据第一段中的"With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is
result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less unsure about what to do next"可知，当注意力分散时，狮子开始变得困惑，人们跟狮子相似，也会
action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving. 困惑，不知道该怎么做．故选A．
It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember 30．B 考查推理判断．根据第三段中"This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy
this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready debating about which option is best"可知，专家们正忙于讨论哪一种选择是最好的，这令作者苦恼，
is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to 因此可以推断出作者对专家的态度是怀疑．故选B．
accomplish, someone you want to become … take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want 31．C 考查推理判断．根据第四段中"Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face,
to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way. remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started."及"Starting before
28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people"可知，当你面前挥舞着一把椅子时，你要集中
A. To show off his skills. B. To trick the lion. 精力做一件事，那就是开始下决心去做．成功的人的习惯之一就是在感觉准备好之前就开始行
C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience. 动，文中的"take immediate action"与"make a quick decision"同义．故选C．
29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? 【点评】解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从
A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things. 原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文
C. They find it hard to make changed. D. They have to do something for show. 字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判
30. What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3? 断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．
A. Tolerant B. Doubtful C. Respectful D. Supportive
31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to . D
A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other
C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理． today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and
菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇议论文．文章以驯兽师拿一把椅子在狮子面前，狮子感到困惑，呆立不动的 Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
例子导入，其实我们人也一样，当面对多个选择时，不知该选哪一个，又怕选错了，因此往往进 In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations--- UNESCO and
展很小，甚至保持原样．文章旨在告诉我们当遇到多种选择时，要专注一件事，并下决心做下 National Geographic among them---have for many years been documenting dying languages and the
去． cultures they reflect.
第8页（共15页）Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages D. His personal experience in Nepal.
and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A 35. Which of the following best describes Turin’s work?
Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out A. Write, sell and donate. B. Record, repair and reward.
of his experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal. C. Design, experiment and report. D. Collect, protect and reconnect.
Documenting the Tangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include 【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．
菁优网版权所有
other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But 【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读，叙述了学者们如今正在努力记录濒临消失的语言和文化，来挽救
he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record. 这些语言．耶鲁大学的科学家 Mark Turin专门研究喜马拉雅山的语言和口述传统，并且根据他自
At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials---including 己在尼泊尔一个村庄的生活经历写了一本书．他不只是满足于把这些语言在灭绝前记录下来，他
photographs, films, tap recordings, and field notes---which had remained unstudied and were badly in 要把他们挽救下来，并和现在的语言进行重新的连接．
need of care and protection. 【解答】BADD
Now, through the two organizations that he has founded---the Digital Himalaya Project and the 32．B 细节理解题．根据第二段 In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of
World Oral Literature Project---Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries organizations---UNESCO and National Geographic among them---have for many years been
and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the youngers. documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.可知许多学者正在努力记录濒临消失的语言
Generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital 和文化，来挽救这些语言．故选B．
technology and the widely available Internet. Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and 33．A 词义猜测题．根据第三段 But he is not content to simply record these voices before they
reconnected with speech communities. disappear without record.可知这些语言在没有被记录前就要消失了，所以这些学者对这些语言做的
32. Many scholars are making efforts to . 是最早的记录．故选A．
A. promote global language B. rescue disappearing languages 34．D 推理判断题．根据 His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic
C. search for language communities D. set up language research organizations Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, looking and raising a
33. What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to? family in a village in Nepal.可知他的书是根据他在尼泊尔一个村庄中的生活经历写的，故选D．
A. Having full records of the languages. 35．D 推理判断题．根据最后一段 available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of
B. Writing books on language teaching. communities from whom the materials were originally collected. 以及 Turin notes, the endangered
C. Telling stories about language users. languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities. 可知 Turin的作品是从最初的材料
D. Living with the native speakers. 上进行的收集，他的作品使濒临危险的语言得到了保护，并且与言语重新连接．因此对他的作品
34. What is Turin’s book based on? 做好的描述是具有收集，保护和重新连接的作用．故选D．
A. The cultural studies in India. 【点评】考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题
B. The documents available at Yale. 干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根
C. His language research in Bhutan. 据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
第9页（共15页）G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
第二节 （共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P9：配对阅读．
菁优网版权所有
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要说明了如何帮孩子发展他们的技能，提出帮助孩子们为未
项。 来的工作做好准备的一些建议：培养孩子的好奇心；培养孩子的创造力；培养孩子的个人能力；
The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills 培养孩子的表达思想的能力．
that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 【解答】FACDG
1. Curiosity 36．F 推理判断题．根据第一段中的"The jobs of the future have not yet been invented"未来的工作还
Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients（配料）can we add 没有发明出来．所以我们也不知道它们究竟是什么样子的．我们能做的就是让我们的孩子练好技
to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the 能，帮助他们发展最优秀的技能．所以上句应该怎样帮助为了他们未来的工作而做好准备．故选
pancakes better? What could we try next time? F．
2. Creativity 37．A 推理判断题．根据第二段中的"What ingredients （配料）can we add to make these pancakes
True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 38 even better next time?"可知，做煎饼时添加什么配料会更好，讲述的是做饭．是一项基本的技能，
There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create 我们要鼓励孩子和我们一起做饭，通过孩子的好奇心来培养这种基本的技能，故选A．
something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. 38．C 推理判断题．根据第三段中"True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create
3. Personal skills something new"可知，真正的创造能力是从现存的东西里创造出新的东西的能力．所以我们给孩子
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own 机会让他们用新的方法来考虑这些现有的事物，以此来培养他们的创造能力．故选C．
head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping 39．D 推理判断题．根据第四段中的三个问题"Why do you think she’s crying?" "Can you tell how
to false conclusions. 39 “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by that man is feeling by looking at his face?" "If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?可
looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 知，孩子怎样判断人的情感对他们来说是一个挑战，我们要让孩子思考别人的各种行为．以此培
4. Self Expression 养他们理解他人思想的能力，所以问一下故事里的有关问题可以培养孩子这方面的能力．故选
40 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas---music, acting, drawing, building, D．
photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. 40．G 推理判断题．根据最后一段中的"music, acting, drawing, building, photography"可知，这些都
A. Encourage kids to cook with you. 是我们表达自己思想的有效方法，能够让孩子有这些有效的方法进行表达思想也是一种很重要的
B. And we can’t forget science education. 技巧．我们要培养孩子这方面的能力．故选G．
C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. 【点评】解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从
D. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. 原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文
E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. 字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判
F. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist? 断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．
第10页（共15页）49. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 55分）
50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement
第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题两分，满分40分）
51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出可以填入空白处的
52. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees
最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
53. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely
As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine（常
54. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered
规）basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, on
Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears
55. A. need B. learn C. plan D. start
off and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 56. A. great B. strange C. difficult D. correct
stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 47 interest. When 57. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge
parents bring home a pet, their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however,
58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon
the 49 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with
59. A. lost B. chose C. quit D. left
great 50 but are soon looking forward to 51 . The same is true of the young adults going to
60. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues．
college. And then, how many 52 , who now complain（抱怨）about the long drives to work,
【考点】L4：议论文．
53 drove for hour at a time when they first 54 their driver’s licenses （执照）? Before people 菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇议论文．在人的一生中会有很多的兴趣爱好，但是当这些兴趣爱好成为经常
retire, they usually 55 to do a lot of 56 things, which they never had 57 to do while
做的事情时，人们很快就会失去对它们的兴趣，转而寻找新的兴趣爱好了．作者在本文中通过不
working. But 58 after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes
同年龄的孩子，年轻人，成年人以及即将退休的人的例子告诉我们这个定理．
become as boring as the jobs they 59 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new
【解答】41-45 BDCBA 46-50 CCDBD 51-55 ACBBC 56-60 AADDB
60 .
41．B 考查名词辨析．从后文"As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are
41. A. habit B. principle C. way D. power
performed on a routine（常规）basis."可知，这里指的是一个普遍的原理，故选B．
42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages
42．D 考查名词辨析．"people of all ages"表示"各个年龄的人"．故选D．
43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going
43．C 考查动词辨析．根据语境可知，小孩子很期待圣诞节的早上玩新的玩具，"playing with the
44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow new toys"符合原文内容，故选C．
45. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 44．B 考查名词辨析．根据语境可知，但是孩子们的兴趣很快就消退了，故选B．
45．A 考查形容词辨析．这里玩具与前文中"children are excited about---with their new toys"的"their
46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. half-filled D. newly-collected
new toys"相同，故选A．
47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main
46．C 考查形容词辨析．根据句子的结构，在"The world is full of stamp albums and unfinished
48. A. silently B. impatiently C. worriedly D. gladly
第11页（共15页）models"中 and的前后两部分应该对称，"half-filled stamp albums"和"unfinished models"分别表示"集 们的工作岗位，故选D．
半满的邮册"和"未完成的模型"，在意思上对称，也本文中人们总是三分钟热度的思想，故选C． 60．B 考查名词辨析．从前文中"For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about with
47．C 考查形容词辨析．根据语境可知，"这个世界充满了集半满的邮册和未完成的模型，每一个 their new toys."可以看出，孩子们应该是寻找新的玩具，与前文相照应，故选B．
都是某些人短暂的兴趣的纪念"，故选C． 【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同
48．D 考查副词辨析．A 轻微地；B 不耐心地；C 担忧地；D 高兴地．此处表达的意思应该是当 时初选出一批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．如果短文难度较
父母刚把宠物带回家时，孩子们很兴奋地给宠物洗澡、刷毛，其他都与文意不符，故选D． 大，则可复读几遍，核对和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定． 第
49．B 考查名词辨析．在"the of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents."中指的是照顾宠 三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对
物的重担转交给父母，应为burden，故选B． 遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择．
50．D 考查名词辨析．根据语境可知，青少年刚进入高中时心情应该是无比激动和兴奋的，故选
D． 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
51．A 考查名词辨析．根据"Adolescents enter high school with great but are soon looking forward to." 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
可知，青少年应该是刚进入高中很兴奋但是很快又期待着毕业，态度转变地很快并形成鲜明对 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？
比，故选A． In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61
52．C 考查名词辨析．由前文中提到了 Adolescents和 youngadults，根据年龄阶段的变化以及文 （be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62
中抱怨工作上的不满可以推断出此处应该是成年人，故选C． （actual）caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding
53．B 考查副词辨析．A 细心地；B渴望地，热切地；C紧张地；D 勇敢地．根据文中的意思， examples of environmental cleanup.
此处应该是在刚刚拿到驾照的时候人们会热切地在一个时间短驾驶很长时间，故选B． But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65
54．B 考查动词辨析．根据"when they first their driver’s license"可知，用 obtain表示获得驾照，故 （reduce） the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the
选B． water in the river is 66 （clean）than ever.
55．C 考查动词辨析．根据文中"Before people retire, they usually to do a lot of things"中可以推 Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family
断，人们应该是在退休前会计划做很多事情，其他的与原文不符，故选C． crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face
56．A 考查形容词辨析．根据前文的意思可知，人们应该是会计划做很多很美好的事情，故选 such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
A． While there are 68 （amaze） stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69
57．A 考查名词辨析．在"which they never had to do while working."中可以看出，人们是在工作的 （change） are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be
时候没有时间去完成他们计划的事情，其他的与文中意思不符，故选A． 70 （patience）.
58．D 考查副词辨析．在"But after retirement"中，用 soon 表示"在退休不久之后"，符合原文的意 【考点】L4：议论文．
菁优网版权所有
思，故选D． 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过借用凯霍加河以前污染非常严重，经过多年的努力，艰苦的工
59．D 考查动词辨析．从前文中"retirement"可以看出，人们是刚刚退休不久，所以应该是离开他 作终于有了回报，河水变干净了的事实告诉我们：当你面对看起来不可能解决的事情时，要敢于
第12页（共15页）想办法慢慢解决，不能急躁，因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的，需要很多努力，我们需要耐心一 首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语．
点．
【解答】 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35分）
61．was 考查动词过去时态和主谓一致．根据本段第一句 In 1969, the pollution was terrible along 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.可知，本段叙述的是过去发生的事情．the Cuyahoga River 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10
near Cleveland, Ohio在过去被污染地如此地严重，所以说过去没有人能够想象到这条河被清理干 处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
净．又主语"It"为三单，故填was． 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
62．actually 考查副词用法．本句中使用副词 actually 做状语修饰谓语动词 caught fire, actual 是形 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
容词，不能在句中做状语，通常只做定语或者表语修饰名词．故填actually． 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
63．the 考查冠词．横线后是形容词最高级 most outstanding，形容词最高级前要加 the，故填 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
the． Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry
64．or 考查连词．从语境可知这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情．本句中的 or"或者"表 tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden. Since then --- for all these year --- we had been allowing
示选择的意思．故填or． tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small
65．to reduce 考查固定句式．固定句式：It takes sb sth to do sth某人做某事花了多少时间；句中 in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we
的不定式 to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主语．前面的it是形式主 allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect
语．故填to reduce． attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
66．cleaner 考查形容词比较级．横线后面有 than，说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式．故填 【考点】NA：短文改错．
菁优网版权所有
cleaner． 【分析】改错题要注意代词，连词以及词性、人称的转化．
67．which/that 考查定语从句．本句是一个定语从句，先行词是 a habit，定语从句中使用关系代 做好短文改错题，可以从以下三方面去考虑：1．快速阅读短文，如抓住中心思想，从整体上对短
词that/which 指代先行词，在句做主语，不能省略．故填which/that． 文有个了解． 2．充分运用语言的基础知识，从句型结构、词的变化、词类选择、词的搭配、习
68．amazing 考查形容词不同形式用法．小技巧：凡是﹣ed结尾的都是形容人的，表示"人感 惯用法出发，进行分析判断，尽快找出错误在何处． 3．重视整体和语境，从上下文关系中找出
到…"，﹣ing结尾都是形容物的，表示"令人感到…"．此处修饰"stories 故事"，所以要用 表达连接关系或逻辑关系的词或词组，判断是递进关系还是转折关系，是因果关系还是让步关
amazing．故填 amazing． 系．
69．changes 考查名词复数．横线后面是系动词 are，说明横线处主语应该是一个复数形式的名 【解答】Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I
词，所以用changes．故填changes．change既可以作名词也可以作动词，在此为名词． ago of
70．patient 考查形容词．横线前面有系动词 be，说明此处应用形容词，本句是一个祈使句 be
patient 耐心一点．patient 形容词，意为"耐心的"； patience 名词，意为"耐心"．故填patient． planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果） in our back garden. Since then---for all these year---we had
【点评】解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或 been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As∧result, the
第13页（共15页）years have a 假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周．下面的广告引起了你的注意，请
plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There 给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）
everywhere tasty
are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato
many
plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or
去掉but或改为yet
insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
wonderful
【详解】
1. before改为 ago. 表示"多久以前"的固定结构为"时段+ago"所以题意中"五年前"应为"five years 注意：
ago"； 1. 词数100左右；
2. by改为of. "在某人的帮助下"固定搭配为"with the help of sb."； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. year改为years. 前面限定词"these"提示表达的意思为"这些年"故year用复数形式years； 3. 参考词汇：住宿—accommodation.
4. had改为 have. 该句时间提示"since then"为自那以来，故该句应用现在完成进行时，结构为 【考点】R3：图画类；S4：应用文．
菁优网版权所有
"have been doing sth."； 【分析】本文属于图表类作文，文章要写的重点内容反映在纯英文的图表中．写作要点：说明写
5. As 和result之间加a. 这里考查固定搭配"as a result"表示"因此"； 信的目的；询问：开课的时间和每周上课时间、班级大小、收费情况、住宿类型．在写作时，描
6. somewhere改为 everywhere. 该句意思为"圣女果四处繁殖"somewhere意为"某处"，而 述图片应以第一人称和一般现在时态为主．重要短语：plan to do…．（计划去做某事），attend a
everywhere意为"到处，四处，各处"； summer school （上暑假课），would like to do…．（想要做某事…．），know sth about sth（知
7. taste改为 tasty. 该处要表达意思为"圣女果虽小但汁多且味美"由 and连接的并列成分前一个用 道，了解…．），pay for…．（付钱买…．），have to（不得不…．），look forward to doing
的是形容词 juicy，故其后也该用形容词tasty； （期望做…）．
8. much改为 many. 这里指的是圣女果，是可数名词复数，故应该用 many； 【解答】
9. 去掉 but或改为 yet. 表示"尽管…但是…"时 although无法与 but同时使用，但 although可以与 Dear Sir/Madam,
表示转折的yet连用； I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.
10. wonderfully改为wonderful. 这里修饰的是tomatoes，故应该用形容词wonderful作定语． （说明写信的目的）I’ve seen your ad, and I’d like to know something more about your six-week
【点评】考生在做题时需理清文章的事理，注意词性、语态、时态的转换，分析句子结构． English course. First, when will the course start（上课时间）and how many class hours are there per
week?（班级大小） Besides, I wish there would not be too many students in a class.【高分句型】I’d
第二节 书面表达（满分25分） also like to know how much I have to pay for the course（收费情况）and whether accommodation is
第14页（共15页）included（住宿类型）.【高分句型】Would there be host family or university dormitory?
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【点评】写作看图作文时，首先认真看图，结合图片和文字，确定所要表达的主题是什么，然后
围绕主题，提炼要点，合理想象，对译出的要点通过合理的组合，加上必要的连接词使表达连
贯．同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句
型．
第15页（共15页）
