文档内容
2014年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）
B
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
Passenger pigeons（旅鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
sky for hours.
将该项涂黑。
It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion
A
passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States,
The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge
making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had
Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!
already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was
The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity
seen near Cincinnati.
Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create
Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were
artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.
abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial
Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows
hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw
what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the
large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in
Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.
restaurants.
Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special
By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had
ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students.
been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered（驱散）the flocks and forced the birds to
Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given.
go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great
Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.
flocks were gone, never to be seen again.
Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then,
ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information
no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United
are available at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.org.
States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human
21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?
care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in
A. School students B. Cambridge locals C. CSF winners D. MIT artists
September 1, 1914.
22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?
24. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons .
A. On February 8th B. On March 10th C. On April 21st D. On March 15th
A. were the biggest bird in the world
23. What type of writing is this text?
B. lived mainly in the south of America
A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.
C. did great harm to the natural environment
C. An announcement. D. An official report.D. were the largest bird population in the US 28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?
25. The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ . A. To show off his skills. B. To trick the lion.
A. escape B. ruin C. liberation D. evolution C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience.
26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? 29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?
A. To seek pleasure B. To save other birds A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things.
C. To make money D. To protect crops C. They find it hard to make changed. D. They have to do something for show.
27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan? 30. What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. It was ignored by the public B. It was declared too late A. Tolerant B. Doubtful C. Respectful D. Supportive
C. It was unfair D. It was strict 31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to .
A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits
C C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance
A typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip （鞭）and a chair.
The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important D
work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other
the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world
do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and
man holding the chair. Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations--- UNESCO and
want to achieve（e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more）--- only to end up confused by all of the National Geographic among them---have for many years been documenting dying languages and the
options in front of you and never make progress? cultures they reflect.
This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, the Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and
people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of
result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his
action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving. experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.
It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: Documenting the Tangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include
All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But
of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.
accomplish, someone you want to become … take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials---including
to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way. photographs, films, tap recordings, and field notes---which had remained unstudied and were badly inneed of care and protection. will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
Now, through the two organizations that he has founded---the Digital Himalaya Project and the World 1. Curiosity
Oral Literature Project---Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients（配料）can we add to
stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the youngers. make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the
Generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital pancakes better? What could we try next time?
technology and the widely available Internet. Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and 2. Creativity
reconnected with speech communities. True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 38 There
32. Many scholars are making efforts to . are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new
A. promote global language B. rescue disappearing languages can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.
C. search for language communities D. set up language research organizations 3. Personal skills
33. What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to? Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own
A. Having full records of the languages. head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping
B. Writing books on language teaching. to false conclusions. 39 “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by
C. Telling stories about language users. looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”
D. Living with the native speakers. 4. Self Expression
34. What is Turin’s book based on? 40 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas---music, acting, drawing, building,
A. The cultural studies in India.
photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.
B. The documents available at Yale.
A. Encourage kids to cook with you.
C. His language research in Bhutan.
B. And we can’t forget science education.
D. His personal experience in Nepal.
C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
35. Which of the following best describes Turin’s work?
D. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.
A. Write, sell and donate. B. Record, repair and reward.
E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.
C. Design, experiment and report. D. Collect, protect and reconnect.
F. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?
G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
第二节 （共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）
第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题两分，满分40分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最
The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills that
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine（常 56. A. great B. strange C. difficult D. correct
规）basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, on 57. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge
Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off 58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon
and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp 59. A. lost B. chose C. quit D. left
albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 47 interest. When parents 60. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues．
bring home a pet, their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 49
of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 50 but
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
are soon looking forward to 51 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？
many 52 , who now complain（抱怨）about the long drives to work, 53 drove for hour at a
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61
time when they first 54 their driver’s licenses （执照）? Before people retire, they usually 55 to
（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 （actual）
do a lot of 56 things, which they never had 57 to do while working. But 58 after retirement,
caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of
the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 59 .
environmental cleanup.
And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 60 .
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65
41. A. habit B. principle C. way D. power
（reduce） the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water
42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages
in the river is 66 （clean）than ever.
43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family
44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow
crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face
45. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive
such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. half-filled D. newly-collected
While there are 68 （amaze） stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69
47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main
48. A. silently B. impatiently C. worriedly D. gladly
（change） are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70
49. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game
（patience）.
50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement
51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
52. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10
53. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely
54. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered
处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
55. A. need B. learn C. plan D. start
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry
tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden. Since then --- for all these year --- we had been allowing
tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small
in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we
allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect
attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：住宿—accommodation.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周．下面的广告引起了你的注意，请
给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）23. What type of writing is this text?
A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.
2014 年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）
C. An announcement. D. An official report.
参考答案与试题解析 【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．
菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是有关第六届剑桥科技节的通知，通知要求 5至14岁的学生可以报名参加，参赛作
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
品可以是一张画、一篇文章、一张照片或一首诗，作品要能够鼓励人们探险世界．将在 4月21日
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
给优秀作品颁奖．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
【解答】ACC
将该项涂黑。
21．A．细节理解题．根据文章第一段 2，3 行 The challenge invites, even dares school students
A
between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it
The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge
inspires them to explore their world.可知，这个活动主要的参加对象是学校里的学生．故A正确．
Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!
22．C．细节理解题．根据文章第三段 Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as
The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity
winners will be honor at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. 可知，进入挑战赛并
Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create
获奖的同学将在4月21日的颁奖典礼上接受颁奖．故C正确．
artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.
23．C．推理判断题．本文主要介绍了The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge剑桥科技
Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows
节的很多信息，根据短文的内容及The program guidelines and other related information are available
what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the
at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.org.如果想了解更多的信息可以登陆这个网址．可推知这是一个通
Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.
知，属于应用文中的通知．也就是让别人知道这件重大活动的情况．故C正确．
Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special
【点评】本文是广告布告类阅读，关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题意原文的异同，对于不能
ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students.
直接找到根据的小题注意根据相关信息，进行推理分析．
Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given.
Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.
B
Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing
Passenger pigeons（旅鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.
ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information
Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the
are available at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.org.
sky for hours.
21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?
It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion
A. School students B. Cambridge locals C. CSF winners D. MIT artists
passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States,
22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?
making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had
A. On February 8th B. On March 10th C. On April 21st D. On March 15th
already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long wasseen near Cincinnati. 【分析】文章主要讲述了旅鸽的灭绝的故事，由于人们警惕意识弱，相关法律出台太晚，最后一
Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were 只旅鸽也在100年前死去．
abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial 【解答】DBCB
hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw 24．D．推理判断题．根据第二段的内容可知，据计算，旅鸽数量最多时，有 30多亿只，相当于
large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in 美国鸟类总数的24%﹣40%．到1870年，旅鸽的数量已经减少了，但是，有人在 Cincinnati附近
restaurants. 看到鸽群的规模为1英里宽，320英里长．由此可见，在18至19世纪，旅鸽的数量最多．第一段
By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had 的第二句也是关键信息．故选D．
been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered（驱散）the flocks and forced the birds to 25．B．词义猜测题．根据第三段的内容可知，旅鸽的数量巨大最终导致它们灭绝．undoing意
go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great 为"毁灭"，与ruin同义．故选B．
flocks were gone, never to be seen again. 26．C．细节理解题．根据第三段可知，商业猎人用大网来围捕旅鸽，然后运到大城市卖给餐馆，
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, 由此可见，人们捕杀旅鸽主要是为了赚钱．故选C．
no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United 27．B．推理判断题．根据最后一段的内容可知，1897年密歇根州出台了法律，禁止捕杀旅鸽．
States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human 那时，人们已经十年没有看到大规模的旅鸽群出没．由此可知，保护旅鸽的法律出台太晚了．故
care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in 选B．
September 1, 1914. 【点评】本篇阅读理解主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力，
24. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons . 学生应该挖掘寓意，掌握中心思想，推出结论．做题时要立足于文章整体，再迅速读一遍短文，
A. were the biggest bird in the world 短文中的问题和答案的设置前后都是相关联的，有着一定的连续性，体现着文章的基本脉络．
B. lived mainly in the south of America
C. did great harm to the natural environment C
D. were the largest bird population in the US A typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip （鞭）and a chair.
25. The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ . The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important
A. escape B. ruin C. liberation D. evolution work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of
26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to
A. To seek pleasure B. To save other birds do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the
C. To make money D. To protect crops
man holding the chair.
27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?
How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you
A. It was ignored by the public B. It was declared too late
want to achieve（e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more）--- only to end up confused by all of the
C. It was unfair D. It was strict
options in front of you and never make progress?
【考点】OC：人文地理类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．
菁优网版权所有This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, the unsure about what to do next"可知，当注意力分散时，狮子开始变得困惑，人们跟狮子相似，也会
people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end 困惑，不知道该怎么做．故选A．
result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less 30．B 考查推理判断．根据第三段中"This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy
action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving. debating about which option is best"可知，专家们正忙于讨论哪一种选择是最好的，这令作者苦恼，
It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: 因此可以推断出作者对专家的态度是怀疑．故选B．
All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one 31．C 考查推理判断．根据第四段中"Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face,
of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started."及"Starting before
accomplish, someone you want to become … take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people"可知，当你面前挥舞着一把椅子时，你要集中
to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way. 精力做一件事，那就是开始下决心去做．成功的人的习惯之一就是在感觉准备好之前就开始行动，
28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? 文中的"take immediate action"与"make a quick decision"同义．故选C．
A. To show off his skills. B. To trick the lion. 【点评】解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从
C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience. 原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文
29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? 字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，
A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things.
力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．
C. They find it hard to make changed. D. They have to do something for show.
30. What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3? D
A. Tolerant B. Doubtful C. Respectful D. Supportive As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other
31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to .
languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world
A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits
today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and
C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance
Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．
In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations--- UNESCO and
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【分析】本文是一篇议论文．文章以驯兽师拿一把椅子在狮子面前，狮子感到困惑，呆立不动的
National Geographic among them---have for many years been documenting dying languages and the
例子导入，其实我们人也一样，当面对多个选择时，不知该选哪一个，又怕选错了，因此往往进
cultures they reflect.
展很小，甚至保持原样．文章旨在告诉我们当遇到多种选择时，要专注一件事，并下决心做下去．
Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and
【解答】AABC
oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of
28．A 考查细节理解．根据第一段中"When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the
Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his
lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time"可知，当驯兽师拿着椅子在狮子面前时，
experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.
狮子关注椅子的四条腿，因此椅子用是用来戏耍狮子的．故选A．
Documenting the Tangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include
29．A 考查推理判断．根据第一段中的"With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and isother languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But 这些语言．耶鲁大学的科学家Mark Turin专门研究喜马拉雅山的语言和口述传统，并且根据他自
he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record. 己在尼泊尔一个村庄的生活经历写了一本书．他不只是满足于把这些语言在灭绝前记录下来，他
At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials---including 要把他们挽救下来，并和现在的语言进行重新的连接．
photographs, films, tap recordings, and field notes---which had remained unstudied and were badly in 【解答】BADD
need of care and protection. 32．B 细节理解题．根据第二段 In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of
Now, through the two organizations that he has founded---the Digital Himalaya Project and the World organizations---UNESCO and National Geographic among them---have for many years been
Oral Literature Project---Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.可知许多学者正在努力记录濒临消失的语言
stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the youngers. 和文化，来挽救这些语言．故选B．
Generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital 33．A 词义猜测题．根据第三段 But he is not content to simply record these voices before they
technology and the widely available Internet. Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and disappear without record.可知这些语言在没有被记录前就要消失了，所以这些学者对这些语言做的
reconnected with speech communities. 是最早的记录．故选A．
32. Many scholars are making efforts to . 34．D 推理判断题．根据His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic
A. promote global language B. rescue disappearing languages Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, looking and raising a
C. search for language communities D. set up language research organizations family in a village in Nepal.可知他的书是根据他在尼泊尔一个村庄中的生活经历写的，故选D．
33. What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to? 35．D 推理判断题．根据最后一段 available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of
A. Having full records of the languages. communities from whom the materials were originally collected. 以及 Turin notes, the endangered
B. Writing books on language teaching.
languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities. 可知Turin的作品是从最初的材料
C. Telling stories about language users.
上进行的收集，他的作品使濒临危险的语言得到了保护，并且与言语重新连接．因此对他的作品
D. Living with the native speakers.
做好的描述是具有收集，保护和重新连接的作用．故选D．
34. What is Turin’s book based on?
【点评】考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题
A. The cultural studies in India.
干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根
B. The documents available at Yale.
据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
C. His language research in Bhutan.
D. His personal experience in Nepal.
第二节 （共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）
35. Which of the following best describes Turin’s work?
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. Write, sell and donate. B. Record, repair and reward.
The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills that
C. Design, experiment and report. D. Collect, protect and reconnect.
will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．
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【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读，叙述了学者们如今正在努力记录濒临消失的语言和文化，来挽救Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients（配料）can we add to 能，帮助他们发展最优秀的技能．所以上句应该怎样帮助为了他们未来的工作而做好准备．故选
make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the F．
pancakes better? What could we try next time? 37．A 推理判断题．根据第二段中的"What ingredients （配料）can we add to make these pancakes
2. Creativity even better next time?"可知，做煎饼时添加什么配料会更好，讲述的是做饭．是一项基本的技能，
True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 38 There 我们要鼓励孩子和我们一起做饭，通过孩子的好奇心来培养这种基本的技能，故选A．
are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new 38．C 推理判断题．根据第三段中"True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create
can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. something new"可知，真正的创造能力是从现存的东西里创造出新的东西的能力．所以我们给孩子
3. Personal skills 机会让他们用新的方法来考虑这些现有的事物，以此来培养他们的创造能力．故选C．
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own 39．D 推理判断题．根据第四段中的三个问题"Why do you think she’s crying?" "Can you tell how
head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping that man is feeling by looking at his face?" "If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?可知，
to false conclusions. 39 “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by 孩子怎样判断人的情感对他们来说是一个挑战，我们要让孩子思考别人的各种行为．以此培养他
looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 们理解他人思想的能力，所以问一下故事里的有关问题可以培养孩子这方面的能力．故选D．
4. Self Expression 40．G 推理判断题．根据最后一段中的"music, acting, drawing, building, photography"可知，这些都
40 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas---music, acting, drawing, building, 是我们表达自己思想的有效方法，能够让孩子有这些有效的方法进行表达思想也是一种很重要的
photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. 技巧．我们要培养孩子这方面的能力．故选G．
A. Encourage kids to cook with you. 【点评】解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从
B. And we can’t forget science education.
原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文
C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，
D. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.
力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．
E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.
F. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题两分，满分40分）
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P9：配对阅读．
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最
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【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要说明了如何帮孩子发展他们的技能，提出帮助孩子们为未
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
来的工作做好准备的一些建议：培养孩子的好奇心；培养孩子的创造力；培养孩子的个人能力；
As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine（常
培养孩子的表达思想的能力．
规）basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, on
【解答】FACDG
Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off
36．F推理判断题．根据第一段中的"The jobs of the future have not yet been invented"未来的工作还
and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp
没有发明出来．所以我们也不知道它们究竟是什么样子的．我们能做的就是让我们的孩子练好技albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 47 interest. When parents 60. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues．
bring home a pet, their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 49 【考点】L4：议论文．
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of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 50 but 【分析】本文是一篇议论文．在人的一生中会有很多的兴趣爱好，但是当这些兴趣爱好成为经常
are soon looking forward to 51 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how 做的事情时，人们很快就会失去对它们的兴趣，转而寻找新的兴趣爱好了．作者在本文中通过不
many 52 , who now complain（抱怨）about the long drives to work, 53 drove for hour at a 同年龄的孩子，年轻人，成年人以及即将退休的人的例子告诉我们这个定理．
time when they first 54 their driver’s licenses （执照）? Before people retire, they usually 55 to 【解答】41-45 BDCBA 46-50 CCDBD 51-55 ACBBC 56-60 AADDB
do a lot of 56 things, which they never had 57 to do while working. But 58 after retirement, 41．B 考查名词辨析．从后文"As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are
the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 59 . performed on a routine（常规）basis."可知，这里指的是一个普遍的原理，故选B．
And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 60 . 42．D 考查名词辨析．"people of all ages"表示"各个年龄的人"．故选D．
41. A. habit B. principle C. way D. power
43．C 考查动词辨析．根据语境可知，小孩子很期待圣诞节的早上玩新的玩具，"playing with the
42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages new toys"符合原文内容，故选C．
43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going
44．B 考查名词辨析．根据语境可知，但是孩子们的兴趣很快就消退了，故选B．
44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow
45．A 考查形容词辨析．这里玩具与前文中"children are excited about---with their new toys"的"their
45. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive new toys"相同，故选A．
46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. half-filled D. newly-collected
46．C 考查形容词辨析．根据句子的结构，在"The world is full of stamp albums and unfinished
47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main models"中and的前后两部分应该对称，"half-filled stamp albums"和"unfinished models"分别表示"集
48. A. silently B. impatiently C. worriedly D. gladly 半满的邮册"和"未完成的模型"，在意思上对称，也本文中人们总是三分钟热度的思想，故选C．
49. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game 47．C 考查形容词辨析．根据语境可知，"这个世界充满了集半满的邮册和未完成的模型，每一个
50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 都是某些人短暂的兴趣的纪念"，故选C．
51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success 48．D 考查副词辨析．A轻微地；B不耐心地；C担忧地；D高兴地．此处表达的意思应该是当父
52. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees 母刚把宠物带回家时，孩子们很兴奋地给宠物洗澡、刷毛，其他都与文意不符，故选D．
53. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely 49．B 考查名词辨析．在"the of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents."中指的是照顾宠物
54. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered 的重担转交给父母，应为burden，故选B．
55. A. need B. learn C. plan D. start 50．D 考查名词辨析．根据语境可知，青少年刚进入高中时心情应该是无比激动和兴奋的，故选
56. A. great B. strange C. difficult D. correct D．
57. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge 51．A 考查名词辨析．根据"Adolescents enter high school with great but are soon looking forward
58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon to."可知，青少年应该是刚进入高中很兴奋但是很快又期待着毕业，态度转变地很快并形成鲜明对
59. A. lost B. chose C. quit D. left 比，故选A．
52．C 考查名词辨析．由前文中提到了Adolescents和youngadults，根据年龄阶段的变化以及文中抱怨工作上的不满可以推断出此处应该是成年人，故选C． environmental cleanup.
53．B 考查副词辨析．A细心地；B渴望地，热切地；C紧张地；D勇敢地．根据文中的意思，此 But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65
处应该是在刚刚拿到驾照的时候人们会热切地在一个时间短驾驶很长时间，故选B． （reduce） the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water
54．B 考查动词辨析．根据"when they first their driver’s license"可知，用obtain表示获得驾照，故 in the river is 66 （clean）than ever.
选B． Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family
55．C 考查动词辨析．根据文中"Before people retire, they usually to do a lot of things"中可以推断， crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face
人们应该是在退休前会计划做很多事情，其他的与原文不符，故选C． such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
56．A 考查形容词辨析．根据前文的意思可知，人们应该是会计划做很多很美好的事情，故选 While there are 68 （amaze） stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69
A． （change） are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70
57．A 考查名词辨析．在"which they never had to do while working."中可以看出，人们是在工作的 （patience）.
时候没有时间去完成他们计划的事情，其他的与文中意思不符，故选A． 【考点】L4：议论文．
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58．D 考查副词辨析．在"But after retirement"中，用soon表示"在退休不久之后"，符合原文的意 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过借用凯霍加河以前污染非常严重，经过多年的努力，艰苦的工
思，故选D． 作终于有了回报，河水变干净了的事实告诉我们：当你面对看起来不可能解决的事情时，要敢于
59．D 考查动词辨析．从前文中"retirement"可以看出，人们是刚刚退休不久，所以应该是离开他 想办法慢慢解决，不能急躁，因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的，需要很多努力，我们需要耐心一点．
们的工作岗位，故选D． 【解答】
60．B 考查名词辨析．从前文中"For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about with 61．was 考查动词过去时态和主谓一致．根据本段第一句In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the
their new toys."可以看出，孩子们应该是寻找新的玩具，与前文相照应，故选B． Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.可知，本段叙述的是过去发生的事情．the Cuyahoga River near
【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同 Cleveland, Ohio在过去被污染地如此地严重，所以说过去没有人能够想象到这条河被清理干净．
时初选出一批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．如果短文难度较大 又主语"It"为三单，故填was．
则可复读几遍，核对和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定． 第三步， 62．actually 考查副词用法．本句中使用副词actually做状语修饰谓语动词caught fire, actual是形容
复查定稿．从整体理解角度出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下 词，不能在句中做状语，通常只做定语或者表语修饰名词．故填actually．
来的少数几个空格作最后选择． 63．the 考查冠词．横线后是形容词最高级most outstanding，形容词最高级前要加the，故填the．
64．or 考查连词．从语境可知这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情．本句中的 or"或者"表
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 示选择的意思．故填or．
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 65．to reduce 考查固定句式．固定句式：It takes sb sth to do sth某人做某事花了多少时间；句中的
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？ 不定式to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主语．前面的it是形式主语．
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 故填to reduce．
（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 （actual） 66．cleaner 考查形容词比较级．横线后面有 than，说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式．故填
caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples ofcleaner． 做好短文改错题，可以从以下三方面去考虑：1．快速阅读短文，如抓住中心思想，从整体上对短
67．which/that 考查定语从句．本句是一个定语从句，先行词是 a habit，定语从句中使用关系代词 文有个了解． 2．充分运用语言的基础知识，从句型结构、词的变化、词类选择、词的搭配、习
that/which指代先行词，在句做主语，不能省略．故填which/that． 惯用法出发，进行分析判断，尽快找出错误在何处． 3．重视整体和语境，从上下文关系中找出
68．amazing 考查形容词不同形式用法．小技巧：凡是﹣ed结尾的都是形容人的，表示"人感到…"， 表达连接关系或逻辑关系的词或词组，判断是递进关系还是转折关系，是因果关系还是让步关系．
﹣ing结尾都是形容物的，表示"令人感到…"．此处修饰"stories 故事"，所以要用amazing．故填 【解答】Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I
amazing． ago of
69．changes 考查名词复数．横线后面是系动词are，说明横线处主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，
所以用changes．故填changes．change既可以作名词也可以作动词，在此为名词． planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果） in our back garden. Since then---for all these year---we had
70．patient 考查形容词．横线前面有系动词 be，说明此处应用形容词，本句是一个祈使句 be been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As∧result, the
patient耐心一点．patient形容词，意为"耐心的"； patience名词，意为"耐心"．故填patient． years have a
【点评】解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或 plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There
首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语． everywhere tasty
are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） many
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 去掉but或改为yet
insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。 wonderful
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 【详解】
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 1. before改为 ago. 表示"多久以前"的固定结构为"时段+ago"所以题意中"五年前"应为"five years
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 ago"；
Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry 2. by改为of. "在某人的帮助下"固定搭配为"with the help of sb."；
tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden. Since then --- for all these year --- we had been allowing 3. year改为years. 前面限定词"these"提示表达的意思为"这些年"故year用复数形式years；
4. had改为have. 该句时间提示"since then"为自那以来，故该句应用现在完成进行时，结构为"have
tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small
been doing sth."；
in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we
5. As和result之间加a. 这里考查固定搭配"as a result"表示"因此"；
allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect
6. somewhere改为everywhere. 该句意思为"圣女果四处繁殖"somewhere意为"某处"，而everywhere
attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
意为"到处，四处，各处"；
【考点】NA：短文改错．
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7. taste改为tasty. 该处要表达意思为"圣女果虽小但汁多且味美"由and连接的并列成分前一个用的
【分析】改错题要注意代词，连词以及词性、人称的转化．是形容词 juicy，故其后也该用形容词tasty； 做…）．
8. much改为many. 这里指的是圣女果，是可数名词复数，故应该用many； 【解答】
9. 去掉but或改为yet. 表示"尽管…但是…"时although无法与but同时使用，但although可以与表 Dear Sir/Madam,
示转折的yet连用； I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.（说
10. wonderfully改为wonderful. 这里修饰的是tomatoes，故应该用形容词wonderful作定语． 明写信的目的）I’ve seen your ad, and I’d like to know something more about your six-week English
【点评】考生在做题时需理清文章的事理，注意词性、语态、时态的转换，分析句子结构． course. First, when will the course start（上课时间）and how many class hours are there per week?（班
级大小） Besides, I wish there would not be too many students in a class.【高分句型】I’d also like to
第二节 书面表达（满分25分） know how much I have to pay for the course（收费情况）and whether accommodation is included（住
假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周．下面的广告引起了你的注意，请
宿类型）.【高分句型】Would there be host family or university dormitory?
给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容） I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【点评】写作看图作文时，首先认真看图，结合图片和文字，确定所要表达的主题是什么，然后
围绕主题，提炼要点，合理想象，对译出的要点通过合理的组合，加上必要的连接词使表达连贯．
同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：住宿—accommodation.
【考点】R3：图画类；S4：应用文．
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【分析】本文属于图表类作文，文章要写的重点内容反映在纯英文的图表中．写作要点：说明写
信的目的；询问：开课的时间和每周上课时间、班级大小、收费情况、住宿类型．在写作时，描
述图片应以第一人称和一般现在时态为主．重要短语：plan to do…．（计划去做某事），attend a
summer school （上暑假课），would like to do…．（想要做某事…．），know sth about sth（知道，
了解…．），pay for…．（付钱买…．），have to（不得不…．），look forward to doing （期望
