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Unit 4 Law and order
Ⅰ.重点单词
1． n．争论，辩论，争端，纠纷 vi.& vt.对……提出质询，对……表示异议
(或怀疑)；争夺，竞争；争论，辩论，争执
2．law-abiding adj.
3． vi.( ， )努力，奋斗，力争，力求
4． vi.& vt.浏览，翻阅；随便看看；搜寻信息，浏览信息
5．copyright n． adj.
6． vt.(尤指正式地或法律上)同意，准予，允许；(勉强)承认，同意
7．trademark n． vt.
8．cellar n．
9． n．地下通道，地道，隧道；(动物的)洞穴通道
10． vi.& vt.(尤因强烈的情感或痛苦而)惊叫，呼喊
11． vt.& vi.耸肩 n．耸肩
12． n．惩罚，处罚，刑罚；(对犯规者的)判罚，处罚；点球
13．hazard n．
14．probation n．
15． vi.& vt.表明认罪(或不认罪)；乞求，恳求；声援，支持；申辩，辩护；
解释，推说
16．exclusive adj.
17．confidential adj.
18．formula n. (pl.formulas or formulae)
19．legislature n．
20．stained adj.
21． vt.废除，废止→abolition n．废除；废止
22． vt.修正，修订→amendment n．(美国宪法的)修正案；(法律、文件等的)
修订
23．bully v．恐吓；伤害；胁迫 n．仗势欺人者；横行霸道者→ n．霸凌，
欺凌
24．conceive v．想出(主意、计划等)；想象；构想；设想→ adj.可想象的，
可信的
25． n．冲动，心血来潮，一时的念头；动力，冲力，冲量；推动力，刺激→impulsive adj.易冲动的；凭冲动行事的
26． vi.& vt.非法侵入(他人的计算机系统)→hacker n．黑客
27．infringe vt.& vi.侵犯，侵害(合法权益)；违背，触犯(法规)→ n．侵犯，
违反
28．mystery n．神秘的事物；不可理解之事；奥秘；谜；神秘→ adj.神秘的，
奇怪的，不易解释的；陌生的；诡秘的，故弄玄虚的
29． vt.讲(故事)，叙述；给(纪录片或节目)解说→narration n．(尤指小说、电
影或戏剧中的)叙述，讲述；解说；旁白→ adj.叙述的；叙事体的 n．描述，叙
述
30．enforce vt.执行；强迫；强制执行；强行实施(法律或规定)；迫使→ adj.
强制的→ n．执行；实施
Ⅱ.核心短语
1．keep abreast of
2． 不再挡路，不再碍事；结束，处理完；(用于否定句)奇特的，
不寻常的，罕见的
3． 连续地，不断地；竖着，直立着
4．reason sth out
5．ring true
Ⅲ.经典句型
1．不定式短语作后置定语
This code was among the first “innocent until
proven guilty”．
这部法典是最早实施“无罪推定”理念的法典之一。
2．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
Moreover，IP protection promotes an environment .
此外，知识产权保护促进了一个创造性和创新性的思想可以成长的环境。
3．It be＋adj.＋that...
he had some strong motive for securing the situation.
在我看来，很明显，他有某种强烈的动机要得到这份工作。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Committed to helping humans communicate with and understand as many species as
possible，a California-based non-profit organization，Earth Species Project(ESP) is taking the
lead.
“We are species-independent，” Raskin said to The Guardian，adding that ESP is
developing translation algorithms(算法) that can be applied to biological systems of all kinds，from worms to whales.Raskin acknowledges that the goal is similar to going to the moon.Instead，
the ESP roadmap involves solving a series of smaller problems to achieve the big picture.These
tools will assist researchers in revealing the secrets of species under study using artificial
intelligence.
Bees，for instance，do a special “waggle dance” to signal to each other that they should
land on a certain flower ， which is a form of non-verbal communication.A noisy social
environment can make it difficult to determine which animal is making the sound within a
group.This phenomenon is known as the “cocktail party problem”．
Though there are many challenges，some progress has been made，such as an algorithm that
can produce imitated animal sounds to talk directly with them.
“It’s making the AI speak the language，although we don’t know what it means yet，”
Raskin said.“These are the tools that allow us to understand entire communication systems.” As
we can see，artificial intelligence is once again being used by scientists to break barriers and open
new doors that would otherwise be unopenable.More and more scientists are turning towards
artificial intelligence for help in various fields，despite many well-known scientists warning that
AI must be controlled and looked over.
Last year，a former Google engineer claimed that the AI was sentient(有感知能力的)．
Although this isn’t likely to be the case ，it shows just how far artificial intelligence has
progressed.Interestingly，and in a somewhat connection to ESP，Professor Avi Loeb has proposed
that artificial intelligence developed by humans could one day identify Alien AI and communicate
with it.
1．Which statement would Raskin probably agree with?
A．The purpose of ESP is to land on the moon.
B．Researchers are studying independent animals.
C．Solving challenging problems is just the priority.
D．AI will offer humans help to understand animals.
2．Why does the author mention “waggle dance” and “cocktail party problem”？
A．To show recent discoveries researchers made.
B．To demonstrate difficulties researchers face.
C．To reveal the secrets of species to the public.
D．To arouse readers’ interest in certain animals.
3．What can we know about AI in paragraph 5?
A．AI has been abandoned by scientists.
B．AI is gradually taking scientists’ place.
C．Scientists have different opinions of AI.
D．Problems can only be solved by AI alone.
4．What does Professor Avi Loeb imply in the last paragraph?A．People need to lay great stress on the alien communication.
B．AI needs to be constantly updated to match alien technology.
C．We’ll be surely able to communicate with aliens aided by AI.
D．AI has a great potentiality in the field of scientific research.
Ⅱ.七选五
Oscar Wilde once said，“Man is least himself when he talks in his own person.Give him a
mask，and he will tell you the truth.”Art provides a way to communicate experiences when
people lack verbal(言语的) skills. 1 Art therapy(疗法) is founded on the assumption that
everyone is creative and capable of self-expression.
2 As a restorative practice，it allows people to express themselves in non-verbal ways，
such as drawing and painting.Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person’s mental
state.Working with an art therapist does even more： 3
Young children typically draw ， sing and dance without worrying about their
abilities.Adults，however，often have complex feelings about art and art making.They begin to
evaluate the quality of their art instead of focusing on self-expression itself. 4 However，art
therapists can guide people in expressing themselves without caring whether their artworks are
technically brilliant，so that they can connect or reconnect with the artworks that help them deal
with life challenges.
What is art therapists’ superpower？They can channel dangerous thoughts into imaginative
artworks.For instance，people with violent tendencies might let out their anger by hitting another
human being. 5 These artistic choices satisfy the brain’s desire for novelty without
compromising personal safety.
A．Art therapy is a double-edged sword.
B．Thus，the many benefits of creative self-expression are lost.
C．They develop art as an expressive skill in solving problems.
D．But，obviously，releasing their anger in this way isn’t a good choice.
E．Art therapy，in its own way，can influence a range of human functioning.
F．It can significantly enhance positive moods and boost a feeling of well-being.
G．However，with art therapists’ help，their energy could be changed into creative products.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day，Reuben，a 12-year-old boy，saw something in a shop window that set his heart
racing.The price—five dollars—was beyond his means，but he went in the shop anyway.
Poorly dressed，he went up and told the shopkeeper what he wanted，adding，“I don’t
have the money right now.Will you please hold it for me for some time？”
“I’ll try，” the shopkeeper smiled.“Folks around here don’t usually have money to
spend on such things.It should keep for a while.”Reuben decided to raise the five dollars by himself.Walking along a side street，he had an
idea.People built their own houses in his town，using nails purchased in hessian sacks(粗麻袋)
from a local factory.The sacks were sometimes thrown away.Reuben knew he could sell them back
to the factory for five cents a piece.
Every day after school，Reuben went around the town，collecting nail sacks.The school
closed for the summer，and he was still wandering in the town，searching for his treasures.Often
he was tired and hungry ， but the thought of the object in the shop window kept him
going.Sometimes his mother Dora would ask：“Reuben，where were you? We were waiting for
you to have dinner.”
“Playing，Mum.Sorry.”
Dora would look at him in his face and shake her head.Boys!
One day in spring，he counted his coins and found he needed twenty cents more.He had to
find four sacks and sell them before the day ended.Late in the afternoon，just before the buyer was
about to close up，Reuben arrived and sold the four sacks.With the coins in his hand，he
murmured a “thank-you” and ran away.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Clutching the five dollars，he headed for the shop.
Dora opened it carefully and a lovely jewel box appeared.
