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拓展创新学程第一册 Unit 3 On the move
基础知识盘点
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．glance vi.瞥一眼；粗略地看 n．一瞥，匆匆一看
2．revolution n． 巨变，革命； ( 环绕中心点的 ) 旋转
3．hardware n．硬件
4．brake n．刹车；阻力，障碍 vt.& vi. 刹 ( 车 )
5．pedestrian n．行人 adj.行人的
6．dilemma n．困境，(进退两难的)窘境
7．fare n．车费，船费
8．cater vi.& vt. ( 为社交活动 ) 提供饮食，承办餐宴
9．upgrade vt.改善；使(机器等)升级；提升
10．ferry n．渡船，轮渡 vt.& vi.渡运，摆渡
11．alert adj.警觉的 vt.使警觉；使意识到 n．警报
12．blueprint n．计划蓝图，行动方案
13．casual adj.随便的；漫不经心的→casually adv.漫不经心地
14．puzzle n．拼图；谜；不解之谜，疑问 vt.迷惑，使困惑→puzzled adj.困惑的
→puzzling adj.令人困惑的
15．accelerate v．加速→accelerator n．(汽车等的)加速装置，油门；加速器
16．perceive v．认为；察觉到→perception n．知觉，感知；洞察力；看法，见解
17．tragic adj.悲惨的；悲剧的→tragically adv.悲惨地→tragedy n．悲剧
18．confront vt.使面对；对抗；处理，解决；使……无法回避→confrontation n．对抗；对
峙；冲突
19．manufacture vt.大量生产，成批制造→manufacturer n．制造商；生产者
20．regulate v．管理；调节→regulation n．规章制度，规则；管理，控制
21．caution n．小心；谨慎→cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地，谨慎
地
22．frustrate v．使沮丧→frustrated adj.沮丧的；失意的→frustrating adj.令人沮丧的
→frustration n．沮丧；挫败；令人懊恼(或沮丧)的事物
23．install vt.设置，安装→installment n．安装24．emit v．发出；散发→emission n．发出，排放；排放物，散发物
25．distract v．使分心→distracting adj.令人分心的→distraction n．使人分心的事
26．likely adj.可能的→likelihood n．可能，可能性
27．severe adj.严重的→severity n．严重性；严厉
28．space n．空间→spacious adj.宽敞的
29．swift adj.迅速的；敏捷的→swiftly adv.迅速地；敏捷地
30．horizon n．地平线；眼界→horizontal adj.横的，水平的
31．vision n．视野；想象→visionary adj.有远见卓识的；梦幻的
32．persevere v．坚持→perseverance n．毅力，不屈不挠的精神
33．revive vt.& vi.(使)苏醒，复活；重新使用→revival n．振兴，复苏；复兴
Ⅱ.核心短语
1．in line with 与 …… 相似 ( 或紧密相连 )
2．ahead of time 提前
3．be confronted with 面对(某事物)
4．at fault有责任，有过错
5．cater for 满足需要，适合
6．in the blink of an eye眨眼的工夫，很快
7．in operation 使用中，工作中
8．make one’s debut首次亮相
Ⅲ.经典句型
1．since引导原因状语从句
Since it is unreasonable for the database to include every possible object in every possible
condition ahead of time，the system might not recognize everything on the road.
既然对于数据库来说将每种可能发生的情况下的每个可能存在的物体都预先包含是不合情
理的，系统可能就无法识别路上的所有东西。
2．remain to be done
As advances in autonomous vehicle design and technology are in progress，the final agreement
on laws and regulations governing this industry remains to be seen.
自动驾驶汽车的设计和技术正在不断进步，而管理该行业的法律法规的最终一致尚待确定。
3．虚拟条件句
If the city hadn ’ t built the underground system，getting around wouldn ’ t be so convenient .
如果这座城市没有建造地铁系统，四处走动就不会那么方便了。
4．独立主格结构
Then its doors close and the train departs exactly on time，its progress barely noticed as it quickly
and silently gathers speed.
然后它的车门关闭，火车准点出发，悄无声息地飞快提速，让人几乎察觉不到它在行进。能力提升精练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Researchers at North Carolina State University are proposing an additional white traffic light
that will act as a sign to human drivers and passengers that they should follow the lead of self-
driving vehicles moving through intersections(十字路口)．
Driving is fundamentally changing.In the future，human drivers will be sharing the road
with autonomous vehicles.The transition to autonomous vehicles is progressing with each passing
year and humans are no longer the only ones sitting behind an automobile’s steering wheel.This
makes it urgent for traffic lights with a fourth color to become a reality.
The white traffic light would be equipped with wireless Bluetooth technology and would
engage when the number of autonomous vehicles driving on the road at any given time exceeds a
certain threshold(阈值)．Autonomous vehicles would be in communication with each other and
with the traffic lights at intersections，within a certain range.Any human drivers in the mix would
be informed to follow the lead of the vehicle in front of them via the white light: stop if it stops，
continue if it continues.
In simulation models，autonomous vehicles were shown to improve traffic flow on their
own.The higher the percentage of autonomous vehicles at an intersection，the faster the traffic
moved ， with improvements of about 40 to 99 percent in terms of total delay reductions
possible.“The white light can be used to coordinate(协调) traffic in any situation involving
autonomous vehicles and tell human drivers what’s going on，so that they know what they are
supposed to do as they approach the intersection，” says civil engineer Ali Hajbabaie.
As an example，most recently，Tesla’s problematic full-self-driving vehicles have been at
the forefront of public criticism after a car crashed into a fire truck.Consequently，the potential
risks linked to autonomous driving are what made North Carolina State University researchers
suggest adding a fourth color to traffic lights in the coming years.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着驾驶正在发生根本性变化，研究人员
提出设立一个额外的白色交通信号灯，它将作为一个标志，告诉人类司机和乘客，他们应
该跟随自动驾驶汽车通过十字路口。
1．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Strict traffic rules.
B．The upgrade of road system.
C．Increasing autonomous vehicles.
D．The high cost of self-driving technology.
答案 C解析 代词指代题。根据画线单词上文“Driving is...In the future，human drivers...The
transition to autonomous vehicles is progressing...”可知，代词“This”指代的是上文提到的
驾驶发生的变化，在未来，人类驾驶员将与自动驾驶汽车共享道路，道路上会不断增加自
动驾驶汽车。故选C。
2．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the white traffic light?
A．Its signal meaning.
B．Its working principle.
C．Its complex database.
D．Its potential applications.
答案 B
解析 段落大意题。根据文章第三段“The white traffic light would be equipped with wireless
Bluetooth technology and would engage...”可知，第三段主要介绍了白色交通灯运行的原理，
故选B。
3．What does Ali Hajbabaie convey in his words?
A．The white traffic light can help improve the flow of traffic.
B．Autonomous vehicles are potential threats to road safety.
C．It is difficult for elderly drivers to adapt to white traffic lights.
D．People had to be trained before driving on the roads with white traffic lights.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“The white light can be used to coordinate(协调)
traffic in any situation involving autonomous vehicles...”可知，Ali Hajbabaie认为白色交通灯
可以帮助协调交通，从而使交通更顺畅。故选A。
4．Why does the author mention the example of Tesla in the last paragraph?
A．To stress the popularity of driverless vehicles.
B．To prove the necessity of adding white traffic lights.
C．To call on the public to pay close attention to road safety.
D．To present the hidden dangers of using white traffic lights.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Consequently，the potential risks linked to
autonomous driving are...”可知，文章举特斯拉的例子是为了证明增加白色交通信号灯来降
低自动驾驶车辆的潜在风险的必要性。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
“Dad，just touch the green button! The one with a little picture of a telephone on it！” I
was shouting to my father as I 1 him on how to answer it.
My father is already in his eighties and lives alone.To communicate better and 2 hislater life，I bought him an iPhone，but my father 3 resisted using it.After my repeated
attempts of persuasion，he unwillingly 4 this strange device.
It took my father about a year to learn to answer and make calls.Fortunately，my father’s
tech skills have 5 to FaceTime capability.During a FaceTime call，we had a rather 6
moment.As he couldn’t 7 me well，he held up the screen to his ear.This meant all I saw
was his large 8 .For a long time，I could still 9 Dad’s ear emerging on the screen，
which made me laugh.
Then this past summer I introduced him to Wordle—a popular word puzzle.He caught on fast
and became 10 about it.Now he looks forward to 11 the puzzle as soon as the new
game comes out after midnight.Every morning he sends me a text，telling me the 12 of the
day.This has unexpectedly strengthened our bond.
It is quite 13 that at 89，my father has mastered the iPhone to the level that he can
access and send emails and texts，and even do his banking online.
The 14 to smartphones has been blamed for damaging interpersonal
relationships.However，I can say the iPhone has 15 our relationship.
语篇解读 本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者为了方便80多岁的父亲和他联系，丰富他
的老年生活，给他配备了一部iPhone手机，并教他如何接听电话，父亲慢慢解锁更多技
能，还痴迷于字谜游戏，但这些都增进了两人之间的关系。
1．A.cheated B．asked
C．coached D．followed
答案 C
解析 根据上文“Dad，just touch the green button! The one with a little picture of a telephone
on it！” 可知，作者在教父亲如何用手机接听电话，coach“指导，教授”符合语境，故
选C项。
2．A.enrich B．fund
C．simplify D．save
答案 A
解析 根据上文“My father is already in his eighties and lives alone.To communicate better
and”可知，作者给父亲买iPhone，以方便交流，使父亲多接触外面的世界，丰富(enrich)
生活。故选A项。
3．A.slightly B．strongly
C．bravely D．successfully
答案 B
解析 根据下文“After my repeated attempts of persuasion，he unwillingly this
strange device.”可知，父亲原本对这个手机很排斥，再三劝说下还不是很情愿接受，strongly符合语境。故选B项。
4．A.threw B．bought
C．forgot D．accepted
答案 D
解析 根据上文“To communicate better and his later life，I bought him an
iPhone，but my father resisted using it.”可知，强烈反对使用iPhone的父亲在作
者的再三劝说下，才勉强接受了(accepted)手机。故选D项。
5．A.turned B．progressed
C．replied D．contributed
答案 B
解析 根据上文“It took my father about a year to learn to answer and make calls.”可知，在
解锁使用iPhone技能的过程中，作者父亲在进步(progressed)，已经从接电话、打电话到使
用FaceTime聊天，故选B项。
6．A.humorous B．proud
C．urgent D．quiet
答案 A
解析 根据下文“For a long time，I could still Dad’s ear emerging on the
screen，which made me laugh.”可知，在通话中，父亲把耳朵贴在屏幕上聊天的样子令作
者发笑，humorous符合语境。故选A项。
7．A.understand B．see
C．hear D．treat
答案 C
解析 根据下文“he held up the screen to his ear”可知，父亲听(hear)不清，所以要把耳朵
贴近手机屏幕。故选C项。
8．A.eye B．ear
C．mouth D．hand
答案 B
解析 根据上文“As he couldn’t me well，he held up the screen to his ear.”可知，
作者在和父亲FaceTime通话时，看不到父亲的脸，只能看见他的耳朵，故选B项。
9．A.picture B．observe
C．prevent D．mind
答案 A
解析 根据上文“During a FaceTime call，we had a rather moment.As he
couldn’t me well，he held up the screen to his ear.This meant all I saw was his
large .”可知，作者和父亲FaceTime通话时，看到的总是父亲的耳朵，所以想象到这个画面，作者会笑，picture此处为熟词生义，意为“想象”，符合语境。故选A项。
10．A.angry B．cautious
C．crazy D．patient
答案 C
解析 根据下文“Now he looks forward to the puzzle as soon as the new game
comes out after midnight.Every morning he sends me a text，telling me the of the
day.”可知，作者的父亲每天等着公布新游戏，连夜解答词谜，crazy符合语境。故选C项。
11．A.searching for B．testing out
C．paying for D．figuring out
答案 D
解析 根据下文“Every morning he sends me a text，telling me the of the day.”可
知，作者的父亲能在早上发短信告知作者单词，说明他连夜解答谜题，figure out符合语境。
故选D项。
12．A.word B．news
C．routine D．weather
答案 A
解析 根据上文“Then this past summer...after midnight.”可知，作者的父亲痴迷于字谜游
戏“文字云”，每天想着游戏里的单词，还把每次的答案分享给作者，word符合语境。故
选A项。
13．A.strange B．impressive
C．worrying D．easy
答案 B
解析 根据句中“at 89，my father has mastered the iPhone to the level that he can access and
send emails and texts，and even do his banking online”可知，作者父亲尽管89岁高龄了，但
是对 iPhone使用娴熟，能收发邮件短信，办理网上业务，令人印象深刻(impressive)。故选
B项。
14．A.reform B．resistance
C．addiction D．limitation
答案 C
解析 根据上文“Then this past summer I introduced him to Wordle...after midnight.”可知，
作者的父亲痴迷了一款字谜游戏，对iPhone里的游戏成瘾(addiction)。故选C项。
15．A.complicated B．started
C．destroyed D．enhanced
答案 D
解析 根据上文“This has unexpectedly strengthened our bond.”可知，作者的父亲通过使用手机，反而增进了(enhanced)两人的关系。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
It’s easy to get overwhelmed when you have a lot on your plate.Between
work 1. (responsibility) and personal obligations，life can get
stressful.It’s even 2. (bad) when you forget something important.By creating
organized to-do lists ， you can prioritize the things you need to do ， keep track of 3.
still needs to be completed，and feel productive and prepared in all areas of your life.
List all of the tasks that you need 4. (accomplish)．These can range from “finish
the presentation for work next week” 5. “find a present for Mom’s birthday next
month” ． Then sort your master list into categories.By creating separate lists ， you can 6.
(complete) focus your attention and energy on one set of tasks at 7. time.Next，make
your list aesthetically-pleasing( 赏 心 悦 目 的 ) ． This may sound superficial and 8.
(necessary)，but it really can help change the way you look at your to-do list.
Make your to-do lists for the current day only.Keep it simple! This will help you organize
your tasks in order of priority，and you won’t feel overwhelmed while 9. (look) ahead at
tasks for tomorrow，next week，or next month.Be realistic about what can 10. (finish) in
24 hours.Your daily to-do lists should have less than ten things，and maybe even less than five.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。当你有很多事情要做的时候，你很容易不知所措。文章介
绍了处理这种境况的方法。
1．答案 responsibilities
解析 考查名词复数。responsibility为可数名词，根据and后面的obligations可知，此处用
名词复数。故填responsibilities。
2．答案 worse
解析 考查形容词的比较级。根据空前的even可知，此处用形容词bad的比较级形式
worse。故填worse。
3．答案 what
解析 考查宾语从句的引导词。介词of后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词和主语，所填词
起双重作用，连接代词what符合句意。故填what。
4．答案 to accomplish
解析 考查动词不定式作宾语。动词need后面跟动词不定式作宾语。故填to accomplish。
5．答案 to
解析 考查介词。固定搭配：range from...to...，意为“从……到……变动，从……到……
范围”。故填to。
6．答案 completely解析 考查副词。 focus是动词，应用副词修饰。故填completely。
7．答案 a
解析 考查不定冠词。固定短语：at a time意为“一次，每次”。故填a。
8．答案 unnecessary
解析 考查形容词作表语。句中sound是连系动词，后跟形容词作表语，结合句意可知应
用necessary的否定形式unnecessary。故填unnecessary。
9．答案 looking
解析 考查现在分词作状语。 句子主语you和动词look之间是主动关系，用现在分词作
时间状语。故填looking。
10．答案 be finished
解析 考查含情态动词的被动语态。该句含what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，
和谓语动词finish之间是被动关系，是含情态动词的被动语态。故填be finished。
