文档内容
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came.
这几天天气有点热，一位大妈上了空调车投了一块钱。
司机说：“两块。”
大妈说：“是的，凉快。”
司机说：“空调车两块！”
大妈答：“空调车是凉快。”
司机又说：“投两块！”
大妈笑说：“不光头凉快，浑身都凉快。”说完往后头走。
司机说：“我告诉你钱投两块。
大妈说：“我觉得后头人少更凉快”
司机无语，一车人笑倒了！
周末逛街买了瓶可乐，发现一位老婆婆紧跟着我，于是转身问她：“有什么事吗？”
老奶奶说：“我要你手上的空瓶。”
原来如此，于是我把空瓶给了她。
谁知走了一段路发现她还跟着，纳闷地问她：“瓶子不是给你了吗？还有事？”
谁知她说：“这么热天我就不相信你不再买一瓶！”
拓展阅读
（一）
（2024上·江苏无锡·八年级统考期末）
Major Snow, the 21st solar term (节气) of the year, falls on Dec 7 this year. It means the beginning of
midwinter. During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly and there may be more snow days.
The arrival of snow adds a delightful touch to the cold days. The snow in North China may go on a wholeday, breaking tree branches and blocking the road while snow doesn’t happen a lot, but just a little, great fun in the
South.
The natural scenery is “ice blockading for hundred smiles and snow flying through thousands miles”, “From
hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight”. In the South, the snowflakes fly around and the
world turns white.
There’s a Chinese saying: “A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.” Most farmers welcome snow
because snow can protect crops from cold fronts and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts (融化), it also can
provide enough water for the crops in the spring.
Snow season is also good for skiing and skating. In northern China, there are many places for natural snow
and ice. For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often already have big snow in November. People can also
go to the frozen lakes to play ice sports. But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities.
People in Chongqing like to have potted lamb soup or stewed lamb soup with their families and friends. People in
Nanjing like to stew the lamb with yams or wolfberries to make it more delicious.
1．How does the writer describe the beauty of snow?
A．By giving examples. B．By introducing activities.
C．By showing pictures. D．By using sayings and poems.
2．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 4?
A．A fall of snow can lead to a fruitful year.
B．A fall of snow can be dangerous to a fruitful year.
C．A fall of snow can help farmers harvest much fruit.
D．A fall of snow can prevent farmers from a good harvest.
3．What can we know about Major Snow from the passage?
A．During Major Snow, the temperature falls greatly.
B．Major Snow is the most beautiful term among all.
C．People in the north like to stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities.
D．All the farmers like snow because it can offer enough water to the crops.
4．The following paragraph can go best after _________.
During Major Snow, it is drier and colder, so people should drink more water. At the same time, don’t drink cold
water after exercise.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D【导语】本文介绍中国二十四节气中的大雪节气，包括大雪节气的气候特点、自然景观、对农作物的影
响以及人们在雪季中的活动。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段“The natural scenery is “ice blockading for hundred smiles and snow flying
through thousands miles”, “From hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight”以及第四段
“There’s a Chinese saying: “A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.” 可推知作者通过谚语和诗歌来描
述雪的美。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“There’s a Chinese saying: ‘A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year’ Most
farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops from cold fronts and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts
(融化), it also can provide enough water for the crops in the spring.”可知，雪可以保护庄稼免受冷锋的侵袭，
使田地保持温暖。即使它融化了，它也可以在春天为作物提供足够的水。所以此处是指一场雪能带来丰
饶的一年。 故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段“During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly and there may be more snow
days.”可知大雪期间，气温急剧下降。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第五段“ But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities. People
in Chongqing like to have potted lamb soup or stewed lamb soup with their families and friends. People in
Nanjing like to stew the lamb with yams or wolfberries to make it more delicious.”但是南方人待呆在室内享受
冬季活动。重庆人喜欢与家人和朋友一起喝炖羊肉汤。南京人喜欢用山药或枸杞炖羊肉，这样更美味。
结合句子“During Major Snow, it is drier and colder, so people should drink more water.At the same time, don't
drink cold water after exercise.”大雪期间，天气更干燥、更冷，所以人们应该多喝水。同时，运动后不要喝
冷水。可推知此段放在第五段后更符合语境。故选D。
（二）
（2023上·安徽淮南·八年级统考期末）Good evening, I am the reporter Mary. It is the time for the weather
report. Here is the weather report for tomorrow. The weather of tomorrow is very changeable (多变的). It will be
sunny in the morning in Beijing. But in the afternoon, the weather will be rainy. In Shanghai, it will be cloudy in
the morning, but it will be sunny in the afternoon. In Shenzhen, there will be rain and wind in the morning, and in
the afternoon it will rain heavily. In Chongqing, it will be very hot, the temperature is about 40°C． Thank you
for listening.
5．What’s the weather like in the afternoon in Beijing tomorrow?
A．Sunny. B．Cloudy. C．Rainy. D．Windy.
6．In _________ it will be cloudy tomorrow morning.
A．Beijing B．Shanghai C．Shenzhen D．Chongqing
7．It will be rainy _________ in Shenzhen.
A．tomorrow morning B．tomorrow afternoon C．tomorrow evening D．all day tomorrow8．If you want to go a park in Beijing tomorrow, you should go there _________.
A．in the morning B．in the afternoon C．in the evening D．at midnight
9．What season do you think it is?
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter.
【答案】5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，预报了一些大城市的天气。
5．细节理解题。根据“It will be sunny in the morning in Beijing. But in the afternoon, the weather will be
rainy.”可知，北京下午有雨。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据“In Shanghai, it will be cloudy in the morning, but it will be sunny in the afternoon. ”可
知，明天上午上海多云。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“In Shenzhen, there will be rain and wind in the morning, and in the afternoon it will rain
heavily. ”可知，深圳全天都有雨。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据“It will be sunny in the morning in Beijing. But in the afternoon, the weather will be
rainy.”可知，北京上午天气晴朗，适合去公园。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据“In Chongqing, it will be very hot, the temperature is about 40°C. ”可知，重庆温度要
到40°左右，所以推测是夏季。故选B。
（三）
（2024上·天津和平·八年级天津一中校考期末）No one can change the weather. But if we read the signs
around us correctly, we can tell how the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the
following day or two is called weather forecasting. For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied
the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people
feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints (关节). Some birds fly high if fine weather is
coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. It is probably because of the insects
which they are hunting that they fly low. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather
will become clear and fine. Such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle (闪烁), then fine weather will
continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red
in colour, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have
used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
10．Many people feel joints pain _______.
A．because of coming rain
B．because they are illC．without any reason
D．because of the insects
11．Which is TRUE about weather forecasting?
A．Weather forecasting is a way of telling about the weather on the following day or two.
B．Weather forecasting isn’t a way of telling what the weather will be like.
C．People can change the weather.
D．Weather forecasting is a sign of coming rain.
12．If the birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly, the weather will ________.
A．be rainy B．be warm C．continue to be clear and fine D．be cold
13．A rainbow during rainy weather is a sign of ________.
A．fine weather B．a rainy day C．fog D．bad weather
14．We must ________ to make weather forecasting.
A．use our eyes and brains B．study the weather
C．read the natural signs D．all of the above
【答案】10．A 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了天气预报的方法和一些民间的天气预测技巧。
10．细节理解题。根据“Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints” 可知，
许多人从骨子里感受到潮湿天气的到来，这时关节就会疼。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据“This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called
weather forecasting. ”可知，天气预报可以预测未来一两天的天气。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming”以及“ If the stars twinkle (闪烁 ),
then fine weather will continue.”可知，一些鸟高飞或星星闪烁，那么好天气会持续。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become
clear and fine.”可知，雨天看到彩虹是天气晴朗的标志。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据“people have studied the weather”以及“Most of the above sayings have been made by
the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.”以及列举的自然界中的生物的一
些反应。可知，我们需要通过研究天气、读懂自然界的标志、用我们的眼睛和大脑来判定天气预报。故
选D。
（2024 上·黑龙江哈尔滨·八年级统考期末）No one can change the weather. Nobody can control the
weather. But if we read correctly the signs (迹象) around us, we can tell what the more important changes in the
weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weatherforecasting.
For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather
forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet
weather, their joints (关节) hurt. Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if
rainy or stormy weather is on the way. They fly low probably because of the insects (昆虫) that they are looking
for. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine, such
rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle (闪烁) clearly at night, then fine weather will continue. If a fog
appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in color, then the
following day will be fine. If a rainbow appears in the morning, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the
above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
15．The underlined word “forecasting” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．预报 B．变化 C．现象
16．According to this passage, if people’s joints hurt, it is ________.
A．because they are ill B．a sign of coming rain C．without any reason
17．The birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly show that the weather will be ________.
A．cold B．rainy C．sunny
18．If a rainbow appears in the morning, the weather may be ________.
A．clear B．rainy C．cloudy
19．The best title of the passage should be ________.
A．Why People’s Joints Hurt
B．Rainbows and weather Forecasting
C．Using the Signs around Us to Make Weather Forecasting
【答案】15．A 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些天气现象与天气之间的关系，并介绍了一些常见的判断天
气的方法。
15．词义猜测题。根据“This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two”可知，
这种方法可以告诉我接下来一两天的天气会是什么样子，即预测天气。由此可知forecasting的意思是“预
报”，故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据“Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather, their joints (关节) hurt.”可
知人们感到关节痛是因为下雨的天气要来临，故选B。17．细节理解题。根据“Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or
stormy weather is on the way.”和“If the stars twinkle clearly at night, then fine weather will continue.”可知，鸟
儿高飞，星星闪烁，那么天气就会晴朗。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“If a rainbow appears in the morning, rainy weather will probably come.”可知，如果
彩虹出现在早晨，可能会下雨。故选B。
19．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了一些天气现象与天气之间的关系，并介绍了一些常见的判断天气的方
法。“利用我们周围的标志进行天气预报”是最佳标题。故选C。
（四）
（2023上·四川广安·八年级统考期末）
City Weather Highest temperature Lowest temperature Clothes
Beijing windy 9℃ -1℃ warm clothes
Harbin snowy -5℃ -12℃ thick coat
Wuhan rainy 18℃ 12℃ raincoat
Chongqing cloudy 20℃ 14℃ T-shirt
Guangzhou sunny 24℃ 16℃ T-shirt
20．What’s the weather like in Beijing?
A．Windy. B．Snowy. C．Rainy. D．Sunny.
21．Which city has the highest temperature?
A．Harbin. B．Wuhan. C．Chongqing. D．Guangzhou.
22．If you go to Chongqing, what should you wear according to the passage?
A．A sweater. B．A thick coat. C．A T-shirt. D．A raincoat.
23．Sally goes to Harbin and she can ________.
A．fly a kite B．play with the snow
C．go swimming D．read books in the sun
24．Where can we probably read this passage?
A．In a food magazine. B．In a storybook.
C．In a sports magazine. D．In a weather report.
【答案】20．A 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．D
【导语】本文是北京、哈尔滨、武汉、重庆和广州等五个城市的天气预报。
20．细节理解题。根据文中“Beijing…windy”可知，北京多风。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据文中“Guangzhou Highest temperature 24℃”可知，最高气温在广州。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据文中“Chongqing Clothes T-shirt”可知，如果你去重庆，你应该穿一件T恤。故选
C。
23．推理判断题。根据文中“Harbin Lowest temperature -12℃”可知，莎莉去哈尔滨，她可以玩雪。故选
B。
24．推理判断题。本文是北京、哈尔滨、武汉、重庆和广州等五个城市的天气预报，有可能在天气预报
中读到本文。故选D。
（五）
（2023上·安徽芜湖·八年级统考期末）
2023年二十四节气
24 solar terms of 2023
春分 芒种 立秋 大寒
Spring Equinox Grain in Ear Beginning of Autumn Greater Cold
The 4th term The 9th term The 13th term The 24th term
March 21st June 6th August 8th January 20th
It keeps rainy The leaves of trees It is snowy and cold.
Everything begins to
and cloudy during start to fall, as the saying People wear thick clothes
grow and flowers come out.
that period. Many goes, “One leaf falls, to keep warm. Children
Some birds fly back to the
farmers are busy autumn arrives.” People often make snowmen and
north. People always fly kites
working in the can feel that the wind is do some winter sports like
and go climbing.
fields. getting cool. ice skating.
25．Spring Equinox is the best time to ______ .
A．work in the fields B．fly kites C．pick up leaves D．make
snowmen
26．How’s the weather during Grain in Ear?
A．Cloudy and windy. B．Sunny and hot. C．Rainy and cloudy. D．Snowy and cold.
27．Which solar term is the last one of all the solar terms?
A．Spring Equinox.B．Grain in Ear. C．Beginning of Autumn. D．Greater Cold.
【答案】25．B 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文主要介绍四个节气：春分、芒种、立秋和大寒，它们的时间以及人们在这个时节进行活动。
25．推理判断题。根据“People always fly kites and go climbing.”可知，人们经常在春分时节放风筝和爬山，
由此推知春分是放风筝的好时候。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据“It keeps rainy and cloudy during that period.”可知，天气一直阴雨连绵。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“Greater Cold”和“The 24th term”可知，24节气中，最后一个节气是大寒。故选D。
（六）
（2024上·陕西商洛·八年级统考期末）Most of us know about the weather through the weather report. But
we can know the weather by ourselves. It is a useful skill. By learning what to look for, you can predict (预测) the
weather.
▲Watch the Wind and Air.
Observe (观察) the direction of wind. Wind comes when air moves. Because weather moves in from the
west, westerly winds bring good weather. Easterly winds bring the bad weather.
You can use grass or flower to decide the direction of the wind. Throw them into the air and watch the
direction of the wind.
▲Watch smoke from a fire.
The air pressure (压力) decides where the smoke will go. In high pressure high up in the sky, the smoke will
go up into the air. If the pressure is low, it will be back down around the fire. If you see the smoke back down, bad
weather is likely coming.
▲Take a deep breath.
Close your eyes and smell (闻) the air. Smells become wet right before a storm, making them stronger.
Before a storm, you should also notice a compost (堆肥) smell. If you smell this, it means that a storm is coming.
28．How do most of us know about the weather?
A．We ask for others’ help. B．We find information online.
C．We watch the weather report. D．We learn what to look for
29．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Westerly winds bring bad weather. B．The flower can’t tell us anything about the weather.
C．The air pressure is the same in all the places. D．You can smell the air to know about the weather.
30．The main idea of the text is about ________.
A．how to make correct weather report B．how to predict the weather by ourselves
C．how to keep safe when bad weather is comingD．how to smell the air before a storm
【答案】28．C 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了在没有预报的情况下预测天气的方法。
28．细节理解题。根据“Most of us know about the weather through the weather report.”可知，我们大多数人
通过天气预报了解天气。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“Close your eyes and smell (闻) the air. Smells become wet right before a storm,
making them stronger.”可知，可以通过闻空气的味道来了解天气。故选D。30．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在没有预报的情况下预测天气的方法。故选B。
（2023上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）One day, Zhou Yu ordered Zhuge Liang to make 100,000 arrows in
ten days. Zhou Yu thought it was impossible, but Zhuge Liang said, “Give me three days.” Then he asked Lu Su to
lend him 20 boats, and the soldiers put some scarecrows in line on the boats. He asked Lu Su not to tell Zhou Yu
what was happening.
When Lu Su came again to see Zhuge Liang, he found nothing unusual. Nothing happened on the second
day, either. In the small hours of the third day, Zhuge Liang invited Lu Su for a boat ride. The 20 boats were tied
together with strong ropes. Zhuge’s boats went towards the camp of Cao Cao. The river was covered with thick
mist (雾) all over. People could not see each other on the river. When Zhuge’s boats got close to the Cao camp
before dawn (黎明), Zhuge Liang ordered his soldiers to shout and beat drums heavily. But Zhuge and Lu Su only
sat inside one boat drinking wine to enjoy themselves.
As soon as the Cao camp heard the shouting and drum beating, they thought it was a surprise attack (攻击)
by the Zhou Yu camp. Since they could see nobody on the river, they had to order 3,000 soldiers to shoot arrows
to stop the attack. The front of the scarecrows was quickly full of arrows. After a while, Zhuge Liang had his boats
turned around to get the other side of the scarecrows to face the Cao camp. When both sides were full of arrows,
the day broke. Zhuge Liang ordered his soldiers to return. The soldiers shouted in excitement, “Thank you, Cao
Cao, for your arrows.” After they got back to their camp, they collected more than 100,000 arrows in total from
the scarecrows.
31．How many days did Zhuge Liang need to make 100,000 arrows?
A．One day. B．Two days. C．Three days. D．Ten days.
32．The scarecrows on the boats were used for ________.
A．attacking enemies B．carrying arrows
C．sailing boats D．beating drums
33．How did Zhuge Liang complete the impossible task? ________
A．With Zhou Yu’s great help. B．By fighting with Cao Cao.
C．By working hard day and night. D．Through a very clever trick.
34．From the text, we can know that ________.
A．Zhuge Liang might know the foggy weather of the third day
B．Zhuge Liang thought it was not easy to make 100,000 arrowsC．Cao Cao’s soldiers did badly in shooting arrows towards enemies
D．Cao Cao would be very happy after hearing the thanks for his arrows
【答案】31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了草船借箭的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据“Give me three days”可知他需要三天时间。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“The front of the scarecrows was quickly full of arrows”可知稻草人是为了携带箭。
故选B。
33．推理判断题。通读全文可知，诸葛亮利用自己的聪明才智从曹操那里获得了10万支箭，所以他是通
过一个非常聪明的把戏完成了任务。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据“The river was covered with thick mist (雾) all over. People could not see each other on
the river.”可知诸葛亮第三天去曹操那里，可见他推知那天有雾，便于实施自己的计划。故选A。
（七）
（2024上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24
solar terms. In China, people created the 24 solar terms thousands of years ago to guide agricultural (农业的)
production.
Rain Water is one of the 24 solar terms which stands for the increase ( 增加) in rainfall and rise in
temperature. With its arrival, the river water melts, wild geese fly from south to north, and trees and grass turn
green again.
Here are several things you may not know but can make you know about Rain Water better. Let me introduce
them to you.
Rain in spring is as precious (宝贵的) as oil
According to an old Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precious as oil. In northern China the spring
drought (旱灾) is common. And the rain of this season is only 10 to 15 percent of yearly average (平均) rainfall.
So at that time, rain is so precious and important to the crops.
Return of a cold period
A returning cold in the late spring often happens during Rain Water. The fast increase in air humidity (湿度)
can result in lower temperature and wet weather. Remember not to take off your coats so early in this period.
Visit to in-laws (姻亲)
One of the main customs during Rain Water is sons-in-law visiting their in-laws and giving gifts. According
to the tradition, gifts are usually two cane chairs with four meters of red belt. They stand for good health and long
life. Another traditional gift is a pot of cooked pig’s knuckles (蹄). The son-in-law expresses his thankfulness thisway.
Nutritious porridge (营养粥) respect
The wet weather during Rain Water is harmful to people’s health according to Chinese medical practice. So a
bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to keep the body alive and healthy.
35．Why did people create the 24 solar terms?
36．What does Rain Water stand for according to the article?
37．How many things did the writer introduce to make us know Rain Water better?
38．During Rain Water, what gifts do sons-in-law often give their in-laws?
39．What do you think of the 24 solar terms? (请自拟一句话作答)
【答案】35．To guide agricultural production. 36．The increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.
37．Four things. 38．Two cane chairs with four meters of red belt. 39．They are useful/meaningful.
【导语】本文介绍了一些与中国二十四节气中“雨水”相关的信息。
35．根据“In China, people created the 24 solar terms thousands of years ago to guide agricultural (农业的)
production.”可知，人们创造二十四节气来指导农业生产。故填To guide agricultural production.
36．根据“Rain Water is one of the 24 solar terms which stands for the increase (增加) in rainfall and rise in
temperature.”可知，“雨水”代表降雨量增加和温度上升。故填The increase in rainfall and rise in
temperature.
37．根据“Rain in spring is as precious (宝贵的) as oil...Return of a cold period...Visit to in-laws (姻
亲)...Nutritious porridge (营养粥) respect”可知，作者介绍了四件事，使我们更好地了解“雨水”。故填
Four things.
38．根据“One of the main customs during Rain Water is sons-in-law visiting their in-laws and giving gifts.
According to the tradition, gifts are usually two cane chairs with four meters of red belt.”可知，“雨水”期间，
女婿常常拜访他们的姻亲并赠送两把带四米红腰带的藤椅当作礼物。故填Two cane chairs with four meters
of red belt.
39．开放性作答，言之成理即可。参考答案为：They are useful/meaningful.
