文档内容
Unit 1 What’s the matter?（人教版）
人与自我：生活与学习——身心健康，珍爱生命的意识
目录 内容
板块一 话题词汇积累
板块二 话题谚语小知识
板块三 话题经典小故事
板块四 话题时文阅读
板块五 话题题型训练
话题词汇积累
ache n.疼痛 cut n.伤;伤口
blind adj.瞎的 breath n.呼吸的空气
cut v.剪;切;割 n.伤口 sick adi.有病的
fever n.发烧;发热 ill adi.生病的
hurt n.&.v.受伤 stomachache n.胃疼
problem n.问题:难题 survive v.存活;幸存
suffer v.受苦;经受(疼痛) cough n.&v.咳嗽
drug n.药物;毒品 illness n.疾病
healthy adj.健康的 headache n.头痛
pill n.药丸 pain n.痛;疼痛
treatment n.治疗;待遇 toothache n.牙疼
die v.死 virus n.病毒
ambulance n.救护车 harmful adj.有害的
nosebleed n.鼻出血 medicine n.药
cold n.伤风;感冒 smoking n.吸烟
deaf adj.聋的 flu n.流行性感冒
dentist n.牙科医生 unhealthy adj.有病的;不健康的
disease n.疾病;病 operate v.动手术
cancer n.癌症 burning n.烧伤;晒伤 clinic n.诊所
话题谚语小知识
Exercise slows down the aging process . 动则不衰。
There is no need to find other magical prescription except doing exercises.
运动好比灵芝草，何必再把仙方找。
Bamboos wither from the leaves , and people age from the feet . Keep
walking every day , and you never need the pharmacy . 竹从叶上枯，人从脚上老，
天天千步走，药铺不用找。
The body health lies in sport ; mental health rests with quiet. 养身在动，养
心在静。
Use legs and have legs . 双腿越走越有劲。
A little labor , much health. 适量劳动，增进健康。
Happiness lies in contentment. A light heart lives long. 心胸开阔，延年益
寿。
Sound in body , sound in mind. 有健全的身体，才有健全的精神。
It is not work that kills , but worry. 劳动不伤身，忧虑才伤人。
Laugh at your ills , and save doctor's bills. 生病不忧虑，节省医药费。
Sloth , like rust , consumes faster than labor wears. 懒惰像生锈一样，比
操劳更能消耗身体。
The first wealth is health. 健康是人生第一财富。
hree dates a day keeps the oldness away. 一日吃三枣，青春不显老。
More dishes , less health. 食多病多。
An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，医生远离我。
A closed mouth catches no flies. 病从口入。
Better pay the butcher than the doctor. 食疗胜于医疗。
Wind is primary pathogen.脾为百骸之母。
Acupuncture and cupping, diseases to half.春夏养阳，秋冬养阴。
A balance of Yin and Yang is healthy. 阴阳平衡谓之健康。
Sleeping is the best cure for waking troubles. Bed is a medicine. 睡好觉如服药。
Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡
早起，令人健康、富有而且聪明。
Good health is above wealth. 健康胜于财富。
Health and understanding are the two great blessings of life. Health is
happiness. 健康就是幸福。
A good healthy body is worth more a crown in gold. 健全的身体比金冕更
有价值。
A sound mind in a sound body. 健康的思想寓于健康的身体。
话题经典小故事 ——Health is Wealth《健康就是财富》
Health is Wealth《健康就是财富》
Health is Wealth《健康就是财富》
Once upon a time, there lived a generous 从前，有一位慷慨且心地善良的
and kind-hearted king. But the people 国王。然而，人民并不开心，因为国
weren’t happy with their king because the 王非常懒惰，除了吃饭和睡觉，什么
king was very lazy and would not do anything 都不做。他一整天、一整周、一整个
other than eating and sleeping. 月都待在床上，要么吃东西，要么睡
觉。国王变成了一个“沙发土豆”，
He spent days and weeks and months in
人民开始为国王担心。
his bed either eating something or sleeping.
The king became a potato couch and the 有一天，国王意识到他连自己的
people started to worry about the king. 身体都无法移动，连脚也动不了了。
他变得非常肥胖，敌人开始取笑他，
One day, the king realized that he
称他为“胖国王”、“庞大国王”等
couldn’t even move his body, not even his 等。
foot. He became very fat and his enemies
国王邀请了来自全国各地的专家
made fun of him, calling him ‘fatty king’,
医生，并许诺丰厚的奖励，希望他们
‘bulky king’ etc.
能让他恢复健康。不幸的是，没有一
The king invited expert doctors from 个人能够帮助国王恢复健康和体形。
various parts of his country and offered them 国王花费了大量的钱财，但一切都没
generous rewards to make him fit. 有效果。
Unfortunately, none could help the king gain
有一天早晨，一位圣人来到了这
his health and fitness. The king spent
个国家。他听说了国王健康不佳的消
enormous amounts of money but everything
息，并告知宫中的大臣，他能轻松治
went in vain.
好国王。听到这些承诺的话，大臣非
One fine morning, a holy man visited the 常高兴。他请求国王见见这位圣人，
country. He heard about the ill-health of the 好摆脱自己的困境。
king, and informed the minister at the palace
这位圣人住在一个遥远的地方。
that he could easily cure the king. Hearing
由于国王无法移动身体，他请求大臣
these promising words, the minister became
将圣人带到宫殿，但圣人拒绝了。他
very happy. He requested the king to meet the
说国王必须亲自去见他，才能得到治
holy man to get rid of his problem.
疗。
The holy man resided at a distant place.
经过艰难的努力，国王终于在第
Since the king could not move his body, he
二天见到了圣人。圣人赞扬了国王，
asked the minister to bring the holy man to
称他为一位好国王，并表示他很快就
the palace, but the holy man refused. He said
能恢复健康。他告诉国王，第二天要that the king had to go to him, in order to 来接受治疗，并明确说国王只能在步
get cured. 行到圣人住所后才能接受治疗。
After strenuous efforts, the king met the 国王无法走几步路，但在随从的
holy man at the latter’s residence. The holy 帮助下，他还是勉强走到了圣人的住
man complimented the king saying that he was 处。不幸的是，圣人那时不在，圣人
a good ruler, and said that he would soon 的弟子请求国王第二天再来治疗。
regain his health. He asked the king to come
这一情况重复了两周，国王始终
for treatment the next day. He told the king
没能见到圣人，也没有得到任何治
also that the king would be treated only if he
疗。
came on foot to the holy man’s residence.
渐渐地，国王意识到自己变得轻
The King was unable to walk even a few 盈了许多，减掉了相当多的体重，感
steps on the road, but aided by his followers, 到比以前更有活力了。他终于明白了
he reached the holy man’ s place. 圣人为何要求他步行到达圣人住所的
Unfortunately, the holy man was not available 原因。
there and his devotee requested the king to
很快，国王恢复了健康，人民在
come and meet him the next day for
他的国家里非常高兴。健康就是财
treatment.
富！
This was repeated for two weeks and the
king never met the holy man, and never had
any treatment.
Gradually, the king realized that he felt a
lot lighter, lost a considerable amount of
weight and felt more active than before. He
realized the reason why the holy man asked
him to reach his place by walking.
Very soon, the king regained his health,
and the people were very happy in his
kingdom. Health is Wealth!
生词释义：
generous (adj.) - adj. 慷慨的，大方的；宽宏大量的；有雅量的
kind-hearted (adj.) - adj. 仁慈的;好心的；善良的
lazy (adj.) - adj. 懒惰的；怠惰的；懒洋洋的；慢吞吞的
Couch potato (n.) - 沙发土豆（指懒散的人）
enormous (adj.) - adj. 巨大的, 极大的, 庞大的；巨大的
vain (adj.) - adj. 徒劳的；虚荣的；空虚的；徒劳的
Holy man (n.) - 圣人
devotee (n.) - n. 爱好者；信徒
treatment (n.) - n. 处理；对待，待遇 治疗；疗法
strenuous (adj.) - adj. 费力的; 须用力应付的；艰苦的
regain (v.) - vt. 复得；赢回 重回，复至某地重新获得
compliment (v.) - n. 赞美(话)，恭维(话)，向…送礼以表示敬意vt. 表扬；恭
维赞扬
follow (v.) - vt. & vi. 跟随；接着vt. 注视，密切注意 ;从事，经营; 遵照，接
受，听从 health (n.) - n. 健康；兴旺；卫生；保健
weight (n.) - n. 重量，重力；砝码；重要性；负担
active (adj.) - adj. 主动的；有效的；积极的；活跃的；现役的；活跃的
realize (v.) - vt. 实现；了解；将某物卖得；认识到
lose weight (v.) - 减肥
wealth (n.) - n. 财富；大量；富有
励志好句
Health is Wealth! 健康就是财富
话题经典小故事 ——Ready to help in emergencies
After three tries, Millie finally passed the 经过三次尝试，Millie终于通过了
first aid test. She remembered her ABCs of 急救考试。她记住了在别人昏迷时该做
what to do when someone is unconscious (昏迷 什么的ABC。气道：打开模拟人模型
的). Airway: open the airway on the practice 的气道。呼吸：检查呼吸并进行人工呼
dummy (模型) . Breathing: check breathing and 吸。循环：进行胸外按压以维持循环。
do rescue (急救) breathing. Circulation (循环): 这是心肺复苏的三大关键步骤。
do chest compressions ( 胸 外 按 压 ) for
Millie告诉大家她的新学习，并且
circulation. These are the three key steps of CPR
非常想测试自己的技能。每天她都在寻
(心肺复苏).
找可能发生的事故，几乎希望某人发生
Millie told everybody about her new
不幸，好让她能够去救援。一天早上，
learning and really wanted to test her skills.
她爸爸正在吃早餐，突然开始咳嗽。
Every day she kept looking for possible
“终于有机会了，”Millie想，“我要
accidents, almost hoping that something bad 有机会了！”但是接着她爸爸停止了咳
would happen to someone, just so she could 嗽，没事了。Millie失望了。
rescue them. One morning, her dad was eating
后来在学校的午餐时间，她的朋友
breakfast when suddenly he started coughing.
Stacy 跑向她。“快！”她喊道，
“ Finally,” thought Millie, “ I have my
“Bobby 昏迷了！”Millie 跑过去帮
chance!” But then her dad stopped coughing
忙。但就在那时，她突然忘记了自己的
and he was fine. Millie was down.
ABC。“不！”她喊道。然后她深呼吸
Later at school, during lunchtime, her friend 了一下，想起来了。“A代表气道。”
Stacy ran to her. “Quick!” She called. “It’s 她检查了Bobby的嘴巴，没问题。可是
Bobby! He’ s unconscious!” Millie ran to Bobby跟模拟人不太一样。当她准备做
help. But all of a sudden she couldn’ t B步骤时，她想到：“哦不，他的呼吸
remember her ABCs. “ No!” she shouted. 有味道。”但她记得这个步骤很重要。
Then she took a deep breath and remembered. 她捏住他的鼻子，准备做人工呼吸时，
“A for airways.” She checked his mouth. It Bobby开始笑了，Stacy也笑了。Millie
was clear. But Bobby was very different from 意识到这一切原来是个玩笑。她打了
the dummy. As she was about to do① step B, Bobby一巴掌。她很生气，但又想了一
she thought, “Oh no. His breath smells.” But 下，说：“好吧，至少我练习了一下，
she remembered how important it was. She 或许我还是不希望在现实生活中真有机
pinched (捏住) his nose and was about to give 会做这个呢！”
the mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing when
Bobby began laughing and so did Stacy. Millie
realized it was all a joke. She hit Bobby on the
arm. She was angry, but then thought and said
to her friends, “Well, at least I got to practice,
and maybe I’d rather② not have to do it inreal life, anyway!”
生词释义：
unconscious adj. 昏迷的，adj. 失去知觉的，不知道的, 未察觉的
airway n. 气道，n. (矿井的)风道，风巷，航线，航路
dummy n. 模型，假人
breathing n. 呼吸，adj. 呼吸着的；活的 栩栩如生的；逼真的
rescue n. 急救，救援 vt. 营救；援救
circulation n. 循环，流通, 传播 发行量
Chest compressions n. 胸外按压
CPR n. 心肺复苏
Practice n. 练习，实习，实践；(医生或律师的)业务，诊所；惯例，常规
cough v. 咳嗽 ，n. 咳嗽，咳嗽声；咳嗽病
accident n. 事故，意外 n. 意外遭遇, 事故 机遇, 命运, 造化
chance n. 机会 n. 可能性；机会，际遇；运气，侥幸vt. 偶然发生；冒……的
险
vi. 碰巧；偶然被发现
pinch v. 捏，掐
Mouth-to-mouth adj. 人工呼吸的
joke n. 笑话，玩笑 vt. 开…的玩笑
angry adj. 生气的；愤怒的；狂暴的；（伤口等）发炎的
At least conj. 至少
real life n. 现实生活
suddenly adv.忽然；突然地
fine adj. 好的，没事的
rescue breathing n. 人工呼吸
breath n. 呼吸，气息
laugh v. 笑 vt. 以笑表示；使…笑得
hit v. 打，击 n. 打击；打；（演出等）成功；讽刺
thought v. 思考，认为 n. 思想；关心；想法；思考
remember v. 记得
step n. 步骤 n. 脚步，步一步的距离， 楼梯，台阶 vt. & vi. 举步，行走，跨步
deep breath n. 深呼吸
clear adj. 清晰的，通畅的 vt. 清除；跳过；使干净；通过 vi. 变清澈；放晴
时文阅读 01—发烧期间，这5件事情千万不要做Sometimes we may have a fever. And it makes us much more worried. If we are having a
fever,there are some things that we cannot do. 1 ．
Don't drink any drinks.
“Soda and coffee should be refused when you have a fever,"says Pauline,a doctor about
family medicine. They can cause dehydration(脱水).
2 ．
“It's better not to put on too many clothes," says Dr. Marinov. Your body will work harder to
change your body temperature to a proper one and then it just makes your fever worse.
Don't double(加倍) up on your medicine.
3 ． However, if you take too much medicine,you may get into trouble.“Some people
overtake medicine and their body is hurt or even some of them lose their lives,"says Dr. Marinov.
Don't stay hungry.
“The fever speeds up your metabolism(新陈代谢).You need even more energy(能量) from
food,”says Dr. Marinov. Being hungry has a bad influence on your body health. 4 ．
Don't forget to drink water.
“A fever will quicken the respiratory rate(呼吸频率），so there is water loss. 5 ． These
will finally cause serious dehydration.Drinking enough water can solve the problem well,"says
Ralph,director of a scientific research.
A. Don't take exercise.
B. Don't wear too much.
C. Here are some of them shared by doctors.
D. If you eat more food,you will feel much happier.
E. Right medicine does help when you are having a fever.
F. Food allows you to have energy to fight against the fever.
G.What's more, people usually drink less water during a fever.
长难句解析
原句：（第一段第三句)If we are having a fever,there are some things that we
cannot do.
译文：如果我们发烧了，有些事情是我们不能做的。分析：本句是一个复合句。If we are having a fever是if引导的条件状语从句；主
句中的that we cannot do是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 some things。
参考答案：
语篇解读本文介绍了五件在发烧期间不宜做的事。
答案详析
1.C 根据空前一句“If we are having a fever, there are some things that we cannot
do.”可知，如果我们发烧了。有一些事情是我们不能做的；再结合下文的小标题可推测，
空处内容应该引出下文提到的不能做的事情。故C项“以下是医生分享的其中一些事情”
可承上启下，符合语境。选项中的them指代前一句中的“some things that we cannot do"。
2.B该句为本段的小标题。根据本段中Marinov医生说的话“It's better not to put on
too many clothes”可知，本段与不要穿太多衣服的建议有关。故B项“不要穿太多”可引
出下文，符合语境。
3.E 根据空后一句“However,if you take too much medicine, you may get into
trouble.”可知，如果吃太多的药，你会陷入麻烦；再结合However可推测，空处内容与空
后一句构成转折关系，故E项“当你发烧时，适当的药物确实有帮助”可引出下文，符合
语境。
4.F根据空前内容可知，发烧时你需要从食物中获得更多的能量，挨饿对身体健康有不
良的影响。由此可推测，空处内容与食物有关，故F项“食物让你有能量对抗发烧”可承
接上文，符合语境。
5.G根据空前一句可知，发烧会加快呼吸频率，所以会有水分流失；再结合空后一句
可知，这些最终会导致严重脱水。由此可推测，空处内容与水分缺失有关，故G项“而且
人们通常在发烧期间喝水更少”可承上启下，符合语境。
时文阅读 02—多吃蔬菜能让心脏健康
Doctors across the world have been telling us it is necessary to eat lots of vegetables to keep
the heart healthy.But this goes against the latest finding A new study coming out in February 2022
suggests eating a lot of vegetables may not greatly cut down the risk of heart problems.
The study is from universities in Oxford and Hong Kong. Almost 400,000 people took part in
it. They answered questions about their lifestyle（生活方式），food,and what raw(生的)and
cooked vegetables they ate. The study actually found that the risk of dying from heart problems was
around 15% lower for those eating the most vegetables,especially raw vegetables.However, scientists explained that many other factors(因素) also have something to do with
this 15% drop. These factors may affect our health just as much as vegetables.These include other
things we eat.how much exercise we get. where we live.our income and whether we smoke or drink.
Lead researcher Dr.Qi Feng from the University of Oxford said,"Our large study did not find
evidence(证据)that how much vegetables you take can cut down the chances of heart problems.”
But does it mean that eating vegetables is of no use? No. Many other scientists advise that
people should still eat at least five kinds of fruit and vegetables every day because they are important
for keeping good health and reducing the risk of major(重大的)illnesses.
1.What does the new study show?
A. Vegetables are healthier than meat.
B. Eating too much vegetables is bad to our health.
C. Doctors across the world are lying about eating vegetables.
D.Eating vegetables may not be so helpful to keep the heart healthy.
2.How many people answered questions for the study?
A. About 4,000. B. About 1,000.
C. About 100,000. D. About 400.000.
3.Which of the following is TRUE about the study?
A. Eating cooked vegetables is better than eating raw vegetables.
B. Many factors are as important as eating vegetables to heart health.
C.People should only thank the diet of eating vegetables for the 15% drop.
D. Scientists found facts showing eating vegetables can keep heart problems away.
4. According to the passage,which may affect heart health?
①Whether we smoke. ②Where we live. ③How we get to work.
④ What job we do. ⑤ How much exercise we get.
A.①③⑤ B.①②③ C.①②⑤ D.③④⑤
5.What do other scientists think about eating vegetables?
A. They think it is wise. B. They think it is meaningless.
C. They think it is cheap. D. They think it is necessary.
长难句解析
原句：（文章最后一句）Many other scientists advise that people should still eat
at least five kinds of fruit and vegetables every day because they are important for
keeping good health and reducing the risk of major illnesses.译文：许多其他的科学家建议人们仍应每天至少吃五种水果和蔬菜，因为它们对于
保持身体健康和降低患重大疾病的风险很重要。
分析：本句是一个复合句。that在句中引导宾语从句，作动词advise的宾语：该从
句中，because引导原因状语从句。
参考答案：
语篇解读2022年2月的一份新的研究表明，多吃蔬菜可能不会大大降低患心脏病的风
险，其他因素，比如其他食物、收入、住所、运动量等对健康的影响可能与吃蔬菜一样。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"A new study..suggests eating a lot of
vegetables may not greatly cut down the risk of heart problems.”可知，一项新的研究表
明，多吃蔬菜可能不会大大降低患心脏病的风险。故D项“吃蔬菜可能对于保持心脏健康
并没有那么有帮助”正确。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Almost 400.000 people took part in it.They
answered questions...”可知，约有四十万人参与了这项研究并回答了问题。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“many other factors also have something to do
with this 15% drop” 和 “ These factors may Affect our health just as much as
vegetables.”可知，许多其他因素也与这15%的下降有关,且它们可能和蔬菜一样影响我们
的健康。由此可知,许多因素和吃蔬菜一样对心脏健康很重要。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“These include other things we eat,how much
exercise we get,where we live,our income. and whether we smoke or drink.”可知，影响
我们健康的因素包括：我们吃的其他东西、锻炼多少、住在哪里、我们的收入和我们是否
抽烟和喝酒。
5.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Many other scientists advise that people should
still eat at least five kinds of fruit and vegetables every day”可知，许多其他的科学家建
议人们仍应每天至少吃五种水果和蔬菜。由此推测，他们认为吃蔬菜是有必要的。
话题题型训练板块
Passage A
Mr. Wang once worked in an emergency center(急救中心). He wrote reports every day and
the following are four reports from him.
Name: Brain Morton
Telephone: 3827-0834
Date of birth: 5/29/1982Accident: His car hit a tree after trying not to hit a dog at 10:45 a.m.
Injuries(伤害): His head got hurt.
Name: Steven Lee
Telephone: 3654-4924
Date of birth: 1/31/1979
Accident: He was at home alone and his house was on fire at 5:30 p.m.
Injuries: He had problems breathing(呼吸).
Name: Norman Bailey
Telephone: 7836-4923
Date of birth: 11/22/2002
Accident: He fell down while playing football in the park at 3:40 p.m.
Injuries: He had a very bad pain in his left arm.
Name: Tracy White
Telephone: 3728-3890
Date of birth: 2/7/2010
Accident: She went for a picnic with her parents in a forest. A snake bit her at 4:00 p.m.
Injuries: Her right foot was bleeding(流血).
1.What happened to Brain Morton?
A.He broke his left arm. B.His head got hurt. C.He had problems breathing.
2.Where was Steven Lee when the accident happened?
A.On a road. B.In a forest. C.At home.
3.What do we know about Norman Bailey?
A.He is 14 years old.
B. He got hurt when playing football.
C.He was born in December.
4.Why did they take Tracy White to the emergency center?
A.Because a snake bit her.
B.Because she fell off her bike.
C.Because she had a car accident.
5.Which one is TRUE according to the reports?
A.A dog caused the accident to happen to Brain Morton.
B.Mr. Wang called Tracy White at 7836-4923.
C.Norman Bailey’s telephone number is 7863-4923.
[语篇解读] 本文主要向读者展示了Mr. Wang 写的关于四个病人的急诊报告。1.B 细节理解题。根据表格第一行中的“Name:Brain Morton”和“His head got hurt.”可知,
Brain Morton头部受了伤,故选B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据表格第二行中的“Name:Steven Lee”和“He was at home alone and
his house was on fire at 5:30 p.m.”可知,事故发生的时候Steven Lee在家,故选C。
3.B 细节理解题。根据表格第三行中的“Name:Norman Bailey”和“He fell down while
playing football in the park at 3:40 p.m.”可知,Norman Bailey踢足球的时候受伤了,故选B。
4.A 细节理解题。根据表格第四行中的“Name:Tracy White”和“A snake bit her at 4:00
p.m.”可知,Tracy White被送去急诊中心是因为她被蛇咬了,故选A。
5.A 推理判断题。根据表格第一行中的“Name:Brain Morton”和“His car hit a tree after
trying not to hit a dog at 10:45 a.m.”可知,是一只狗引发了发生在Brain Morton身上的事故,故
选A。
Passage B
Thirty-one Chinese firefighters and local officials have died while trying to bring a huge forest
fire under control.
The fire broke out in the mountains of Liangshan, Sichuan. It started on the afternoon of March
30. Five helicopters(直升机) and nearly 700 people were sent to the forest to control the fire.
Suddenly, the winds changed unexpectedly and caused the deaths. A huge fireball was formed
because of the winds. The 31 firefighters and officials were caught up in the fireball. The death
number has been the largest for firefighters in China since 2015.
▲ Their average （平均）age was only 23. One of them was 20-year -old Jiang Feifei. In
his last Wechat post, he said, “I am on the way to fight a fire again. Please give me some
encouragement.” Those words have touched the hearts of many people. They were spread on Sina
Weibo and have receives nearly 300,000 comments(评论).
The 31 firefighters and officials have been honored as martyrs. China’s Ministry of Emergency
Management(应急管理部) has changed its website into black and white to show sadness for them.
In Liangshan, tens of thousands of people lined the streets to pay their respect to the victims(遇难
者). Some of them even put white scarves and heart- shaped candles on the road.
Because of dry weather and rising temperatures, forest fire are very common in China in spring.
In Sichuan alone, there have been 59 fires this year. On April 1, Chinese government presented(发
布) the first red warning for forest fires this year.1．What’s the main cause of three firefighters and local officials’ deaths?
A．The sudden change of winds
B．Dry weather and high temperatures.
C．The huge forest fire since 2015.
2．Which of the following sentences is the best to be put in ▲ ?
A．The fire caused many deaths.
B．Many people liked posting on Sina Weibo.
C． The victims were all young.
3．What can we know from Paragraph 4?
A．The youngest victim was only 23 years old.
B．It’s the second time for Jiang Feifei to put out a fire.
C．Jiang Feifei’s post on Wechat has been a hot point.
4．What does the underlined word “martyrs” mean in Paragraph 5?
A．先驱 B．烈士 C．战士
5．Why did the government present the red warning for the forest fires?
A．Because the government wanted to show sadness for them.
B．Because forest fires are very common in China in spring.
C．Because many firefighters have died in the forest fires.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B
【试题分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了四川凉山特大火灾中消防队员的相关情
况，在救火细节、救火人员、伤亡情况及荣誉授予等方面都有细节描写。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Suddenly, the winds changed unexpectedly and
caused the deaths. A huge fireball was formed because of the winds”可知突然， 风向发
生了意外的变化，造成了人员伤亡。一个巨大的火球因为风而形成。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段第二句内容“Their average(平均) age was only 23.”
可知他们的平均年龄只有23岁，所以推断受害者都很年轻。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Their average age was only 22.3. One of them
was 29-year- old Jiang Feifei...”可知，可知其中一个是29岁的姜菲菲，在他最后一条微信
中，他说：“我又在救火的路上了，请给我点鼓励”，这句话打动了很多人的心，在新浪
微博上流传，收到了近30万条评论。故选C。
4．词义猜测题。根据文章第五段内容“The 31 firefighters and officials have beenhonored as martyrs. China's Ministry of Emergency Management...”可知，这31名消防队
员和官员被授予烈士的荣誉称号，此处martyrs是“烈士”的意思，故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Because of dry weather and rising temperatures,
forest fires are very common in China in spring”可知，由于天气干燥，气温上升，中国
春季森林火灾十分普遍。故选B。
Passage C
When we hear the word “sport”, we usually think of football, basketball, the Olympic Games.
and things like that. But isn’t a sport more than that? Different people have different answers.
Many people think that a sport must be hard for your body. But what about if you only need
to think? Look at chess. There are chess competitions and chess stars. So is chess a sport? And do
you need to be strong and fit to take part in a sport? What about Olympic shooting? You don’t have
to be strong to do that.
One thing all sports need is skill. A skill is something special you can do better than others.
It is often a thing you learn, but some people have natural skills. Most people can learn to play
football. But to be a really good football player, you need to be naturally quick and move well.
Then there are hobbies, Hobbies are special activities that we like to spend our time doing
when we aren’t working. So a sport can be a hobby, but not all hobbies are sports. Painting and
cooking are hobbies. ________ If your hobby is looking after your garden, people don’t call it a
sport. But if you climb mountains—if you’re a mountaineer (登山运动员) —many people will say
you’re taking part in a sport. Maybe that’s because mountaineers compete—in other words, they try
to do better than other climbers. Finally, what are games? Football is a game—but chess, video
games, and hide and seek are games, too, each with its own rules. Is a game something we do just
for fun? That’s also true for hobbies. And some games are clearly sports, but people don’t agree
about others.
There are different activities, For some, you have to be fit and strong. For others, you have
to be smart or quick, But are they sports, games or hobbies? You decide.
1．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．A rule. B．A skill. C．A garden.
2．Why do many people think mountain climbing can be a sport?
A．Because mountain climbers compete.
B．Because mountain climbers have fun.C．Because mountain climbing is their hobby.
3．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “________” in Paragraph 4.
A．But few people do them after sports.
B．And they need some natural skills,
C．But no one calls those things sports.
4．What do we know about games according to the passage?
A．People have to be strong to do them.
B．Most of them have their own rules.
C．They are things people need to learn
5．What is the topic of the passage?
A．Success. B．Sports. C．Family.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B
【导语】本文主要介绍运动并不仅指强身健体的活动，也包含一些需要技巧、具有竞
争意识的活动。
1．代词指代题。根据“A skill is something special you can do better than others.”
可知，It指代的是“A skill”。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“…if you’re a mountaineer (登山运动员) —many
people will say you’re taking part in a sport. Maybe that’s because mountaineers
compete”可知，因为登山运动员竞争。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据“If your hobby is looking after your garden, people don’t
call it a sport.”可知，并不是所有的个人爱好都是运动，打理花园就不是运动。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“…but chess, video games, and hide and seek are games, too,
each with its own rules”可知，比赛都有自己的规则。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要围绕“运动”展开论述说明，故选B。
Passage D
People in the UK spend their free time in different ways. They usually use it to relax. They
spend a lot of their free time at home. The most popular activity is watching TV. People in the UK
watch TV for about 25 hours a week. They often record (录制) programs so they can watch them
later. Reading is also a popular way of spending free time. People in the UK spend a lot of time
reading newspapers and magazines. Many people in the UK have pets. They like playing with their
pets in their free time.In summer, gardening (园艺) is popular. And families often have a "day out" on the weekend
They often go to a festival or see a show. Young people like to go to clubs, and people of all ages
like to go to the cinema.
In winter, "do-it-yourself" is popular. People often spend their free time repairing (修理)
houses. Some free time activities are with friends. People usually ask friends for a drink or a meal
at home. Sometimes people and their friends have dinner in a restaurant
On the weekend, people in the UK like to spend their free time doing sports. The popular kinds
of sports are soccer, horse racing (赛马),swimming, tennis, skating, climbing and hill walking.
1. What is the favorite free time activity of people in the UK?
A．Reading. B．Watching TV.
C．Doing sports. D．Playing with their pets.
2. What is popular in winter in the UK?
A．Gardening. B．Seeing a show.
C．Repairing houses. D．Going to a festival.
3. What activity isn't mentioned (提到) in the passage?
A．Playing with the pets. B．Going to the cinema
C．Playing basketball. D．Having a dinner in a restaurant.
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．People in the UK often record TV programs.
B．People in the UK like to do sports in the morning.
C．People of all ages in the UK like to go to clubs in summer.
D．People in the UK often have a “day out” with their friends in winter.
5．What is the passage mainly about?
A．People in the UK like making friends.
B．People in the UK enjoy different festivals.
C．What people in the UK do in their free time.
D．Why people in the UK have a lot of free time.
参考答案：
（1）B （2）C （3）C （4）A （5）C
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了英国人在空闲时间做什么活动。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段The most popular activity is watching TV，可知英国人最喜欢的活动是看电视，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 In winter, "do-it-yourself" is popular. People often spend
their free time repairing houses，可知在冬天，英国人喜欢自己修房子，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段They like playing with their pets in their free time，第二
段 Young people like to go to clubs, and people of all ages like to go to the cinema，第三段
Sometimes people and their friends have dinner in a restaurant，可知ABD文章都提及，没有提
及C，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据第一段They often record programs so they can watch them later，
根据英国人经常录制电视节目，故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第一段People in the UK spend their free time in different ways，
并且通读全文，可知文章主要是关于英国人在空闲时间做什么活动，故选C。
Passage E
Tian Haicheng is a farmer in a small village in Ningxia. He had a road accident and lost the
use of his arms and 1 . Two months later, his wife left, taking away their son. 2 , his daughter,
Jiajia, stayed with him. And she’s been 3 him ever since.
Although Jiajia is only six, she has to do much work every day. She massages (按摩) Tian’s
arms and legs for half an hour. Before going to school, the little girl also brushes his 4 and
washes his face.
After Jiajia comes back from school, she feeds Tian his dinner and helps him 5 around
the house by using a DIY mobility device (移动装置).
Jiajia even shaves (刮) her father’s beard (胡子). “At the 6 , I didn’t know how to shave
and I cut Dad’s face and it bled,” she said. “But Dad said it didn’t 7 . Now I’m very good at
shaving.”
After learning that people can make money by live-streaming (直播), Tian 8 for the first
time 4 years ago. Now he is 9 and has more than 450, 000 followers. “I hope Jiajia never 10
studying. I plan to save some money to send Jiajia to the college in the future,” he said.
1．A．eyes B．ears C．legs D．stomach
2．A．Bravely B．Luckily C．Sadly D．Hardly
3．A．looking for B．looking at C．looking up D．looking after
4．A．teeth B．hands C．head D．mouth
5．A．move B．show C．wait D．build6．A．time B．moment C．end D．beginning
7．A．hit B．hurt C．risk D．control
8．A．tried B．replied C．stopped D．added
9．A．unlucky B．dangerous C．difficult D．successful
10．A．gives in B．gives out C．gives away D．gives up
【导语】本文讲述了在一个不幸的家庭，小女孩照顾残疾的爸爸，爸爸后来通过直播
获得成功的故事。
1．句意：他发生了一起交通事故，失去了手臂和腿的功能。eyes眼睛；ears耳朵；
legs 腿；stomach 胃。根据“She massages (按摩) Tian’s arms and legs for half an
hour.”可知，失去的是胳膊和腿的功能。故选C。
2．句意：幸运的是，他的女儿佳佳和他在一起。Bravely勇敢地；Luckily幸运地；
Sadly伤心地；Hardly几乎不。根据“His daughter, Jiajia, stayed with him.”可知，他的女
儿还在身边，这对他而言是幸运的。故选B。
3．句意：从那以后她一直在照顾他。looking for寻找；looking at看；looking up查
阅；looking after照顾。根据“She massages (按摩) Tian’s arms and legs for half an
hour.”可知，她照顾她爸爸。故选D。
4．句意：在她去上学之前，小女孩也给他刷牙和洗脸。teeth牙齿；hands手；head头；
mouth嘴。根据“brushes his”可知，是刷牙。故选A。
5．句意：佳佳从学校回来后，给田喂饭，并用自己动手做的移动设备帮助他在家里四
处走动move移动；show展示；wait等待；build建造。根据“using a DIY mobility device
(移动装置)”可知，是帮助他在屋里走动。故选A。
6．句意：一开始，我不知道怎么刮胡子，我把爸爸的脸割伤了，流血了。time时间；
moment时刻；end结尾；beginning开始。根据“I didn’t know how to shave and I cut
Dad’s face and it bled”可知，刚开始不会刮胡子。故选D。
7．句意：但是爸爸说不疼。hit打，击；hurt使疼痛；risk风险；control控制。根据
“I cut Dad’s face and it bled”和“But Dad said it didn’t…”可知，女儿给爸爸刮胡
子导致流血，但爸爸告诉她自己不疼。故选B。
8．句意：在了解到人们通过直播赚钱后，田在四年前首次进行了尝试。tried尝试；
replied 回复；stopped 停止；added 增加。根据“After learning that people can make
money by live-streaming (直播), Tian...for the first time”可知，田尝试直播。故选A。
9．句意：现在他很成功，拥有超过45万名粉丝。unlucky不幸的；dangerous危险的；difficult困难的；successful成功的。根据“has more than 450,000 followers”可知，田是成
功的。故选D。
10．句意：我希望佳佳永远不要放弃学习。gives in屈服； gives out分发；gives
away 赠送；gives up 放弃。根据“I plan to save some money to send Jiajia to the
college in the future”可知，田希望女儿佳佳不要放弃学习。故选D。
Passage F
After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink a glass of cold water. When the
water 1 (travel) down your throat, you feel so good. However, you are often 52 (tell) not
to do so. Is drinking cold water really unhealthy?
Cold water is said to slow down a person’s digestion (消化). Having cold water makes your
body’s temperature lower, 3 the body needs to burn energy to bring your temperature back to
normal. At the same time, 4 (little) energy is used for digestion.
Think of your digestive system (系统) 5 a burning pot. If someone poured cold water into
this pot 6 (sudden), what would happen? Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it
is like adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn’t that bad, but it is 7 good way to explain
why drinking cold water during meals may be a bad idea. If you cannot control 8 (you) urge (冲
动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.
Traditional Chinese medicine suggests trying to avoid 9 (drink) cold water. And modern
studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes 1 0 (headache). Scientists will still do
more research on this.
【答案】1．travels 2．told 3．so 4．less 5．as 6．suddenly 7．
a 8．your 9．drinking 10．headaches
【导语】本文主要介绍了经常性饮用冷水对身体所产生的不良影响。
1．句意：当水流进你的喉咙时，你感觉很好。根据“you feel so good”和语境可知，
此句应用一般现在时，主语 the water 时第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填
travels。
2．句意：但是，您经常被告知不要这样做。根据“However, you are often…(tell) not
to do so.”可知，指被告知不能那样做，此句应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为 be
done。故填told。
3．句意：喝冷水会使身体温度降低，因此身体需要燃烧能量才能使体温恢复正常。根据“Having cold water makes your body’s temperature lower,…the body needs to burn
energy to bring your temperature back to normal.”可知，前后两个句子为因果关系，前因
后果。因此用so连接。故填so。
4．句意：同时，用于消化的能量也更少。根据“Having cold water makes your
body’s temperature lower,…the body needs to burn energy to bring your temperature
back to normal.”可知，燃烧多的能量保持体温，用于消化的能量就更少了，此处应用
little的比较less，表示“更少的”。故填less。
5．句意：将您的消化系统想象成一个燃烧的锅。根据“ Think of your digestive
system (系统)…a burning pot.”可知，指想象成一个燃烧的锅，此处应用as表示“成为，
作为”之意。故填as。
6．句意：如果有人突然往这个锅里倒冷水，会发生什么？根据“If someone poured
cold water into this pot…(sudden)”可知，指突然地倒水进锅里，此处应用sudden的副词
形式修饰动词poured。故填suddenly。
7．句意：当然，这并没有那么糟糕，但它很好地解释了为什么吃饭时喝冷水可能是一
个坏主意。根据“good way”可知，指一个好的方式，此处用不定冠词修饰名词way，表
示泛指，good是以辅音音素开头，因此用a。故填a。
8．句意：如果您无法控制这样做的冲动，喝室温水是更好的选择。根据“urge”可知，
指你的冲动，此处应用you的形容词性物主代词修饰名词urge。故填your。
9．句意：中医建议尽量避免喝冷水。根据“avoid”可知，指避免喝冷水，avoid
doing sth.意为“避免做某事”。故填drinking。
10．句意：欧洲的现代研究指出，喝冷水会导致头痛。根据“And modern studies in
Europe point out drinking cold water causes…(headache)”可知，喝冷水会导致头痛，此处
应用复数形式表示“头痛”这类疾病。故填headaches。
Passage G
假如你是某英语俱乐部的成员李华，本周你们要就“The ways to keep healthy”这个话题进
行讨。论，请你根据以下图示写一篇英语短文为此次发言做准备。要求：80词左右，可适当发挥，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
The ways to keep healthy
Hello, everyone!
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
That's all. Thank you for listening to me.
参考答案：
The ways to keep healthy
Hello, everyone!
It's very important to keep healthy. Here are some ways to do it. First, I often eat healthy food
such as fruit and vegetables. I hardly ever eat junk food. Second, it's good for my mind and body to
do exercise. It helps me learn better. Third, I never stay up late. if I can't get enough sleep, my body
will work slowly. Please remember that early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, rich and
smart.
That's all. Thank you for listening to me.【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】题是写一篇给定材料的书面表达，写作的话题为 The ways to keep
healthy，在写作时应注意符合题意，根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；语言表达
要符合英语习惯。
写作步骤：
一、阅读提示，弄清所有信息，明确写作要点。
1.保持健康很重要，这里有一些方法。 It's very important to keep healthy. Here are some
ways to do it.
2.吃健康的食品，不吃垃圾食品。eat healthy food such as ；junk food
3.经常锻炼有益于身心健康。it's good for mind and body to do exercise
4.不要熬夜。要有充足的睡眠。 stay up late；
5.早睡早起让人健康、富有、聪明。early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, rich
and smart
二、根据要点，写出关键词、短语或句子。
三、组词成句。连句成篇。注意使用一般现在时。
【点评】本题考查对所学知识的综合运用，熟练使用相关短语、单词和句型，注意词
性的搭配，时态的把握，人称的使用等细节问题。
