文档内容
Unit 1 China and the world
单元话题满分范文必背
一、材料作文
1．爱迪生在发明电灯泡的时候，失败了八千多次，但是他没有放弃。很多朋友嘲笑他，但是他认为
他能从这些失败当中找到改进的办法。终于，在一次一次的尝试之后，爱迪生成功地发明了电灯泡。请
你以“Failure Is the Mother of Success”为题目写一篇短文。
提示内容：1. 讲述爱迪生发明电灯泡的过程；
2. 结合自己的学习和生活实际，谈谈受到的启发。
写作要求：1. 字迹工整，语言准确，内容完整连贯，适当使用复合句；
2. 80词以上，已给出词汇不计入总词数。
参考词汇：爱迪生Edison 灯泡bulb
Failure Is the Mother of Success
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【答案】例文
Failure Is the Mother of Success
I’d like to tell you a story. Before Edison invented bulbs, he failed over and over again, up to more than eight
thousand times. But he didn’t give up trying. At the same time, all his friends laughed at what he did. However, he
thought he could find ways to improve from these failures. Finally, he succeeded in inventing the first bulb in the
world.
In my opinion, we should all learn from Edison. We may meet lots of difficulties in our life, but just like the
saying goes, “Failure is the mother of success.” If we keep on working and never give up, we will surely succeed.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态以“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”为主；
③ 提示：写作内容提示已给出，考生要注意不要遗漏内容提示中的信息，并且在写作过程中要注意适当
使用复合句。[写作步骤]
第一步，讲述爱迪生发明电灯泡的过程；
第二步，结合学习和生活实际，讲述自己受到的启发。
[亮点词汇]
① over and over again反复地
② give up doing sth.放弃做某事
③ laugh at嘲笑
④ succeed in doing sth.成功做某事
[高分句型]
① At the same time, all his friends laughed at what he did.（what引导的宾语从句）
② However, he thought he could find ways to improve from these failures.（省略了that的宾语从句）
③ If we keep on working and never give up, we will surely succeed.（if引导的条件状语从句）
2． 每个人心中都有自己喜欢并崇拜的英雄。假如你心中的英雄是中国著名科学家——“水稻之
父”袁隆平（Yuan longping）, 请以“My hero”为题，写一篇80左右的英语短文介绍科学家袁隆平。
提示：
1930：出生于北京；
1950~1953：在西南农业大学（Southwest Agricultural College）学习； 1974：发明了水稻的新品种
（develop a new kind of rice）；
20 世纪 80 年代：周游世界并给出水稻的建议（travelld around the world and give advice about growing
rice）；
2004：赢得世界粮食奖（win World Food Prize）； 2021：去世，享年 91 岁；
Now：许多国家比以前种植更多水稻（many countuies of the world grow more rice than before），他被称为
“杂交水稻之父”（the Father of Hybrid Rice）。
对他的评价：……
My hero
Yuan Longping is a hero in my heart.
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【答案】例文
My hero
Yuan Longping is a hero in my heart.
He was born in Beijing. He studied in Southwest Agricultural College from 1950 to 1953. In 1974, he
developed a new kind of rice—Hybrid Rice. In the 1980s, he travelled around the world and gave advice about
growing rice. In 2004, he won World Food Prize. In 2021, he died in Changsha at the age of 91.
Because of his efforts, many countuies of the world grow more rice than before. He is called the “father of
hybrid rice”. He has made a great contribution to the agriculture of the world.
In my opinion, Yuan Longping is a great scientist who is worthy of the praise of the whole world. In honor of
him, we must save food in our daily life and try to make contributions to our country.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文。
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”。
③提示：文章为第三人称，介绍科学家袁隆平，要点介绍完整，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接短文开头，根据要点，介绍袁隆平的生平及成就；
第二步，针对其生平的介绍，谈谈你的评价并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①at the age of在……岁时
②because of因为
③made a great contribution to对……做出巨大贡献
[高分句型]
Yuan Longping is a great scientist who is worthy of the praise of the whole world.（who引导的定语从句）
3．你校英文校报开设名人传记专栏，请根据以下提示，为专栏撰稿，介绍医学科学家屠呦呦，可适当展
开，80字左右。
1930年12月出生于宁波
生平经
1955年毕业于北京医科大学（Beijing Medical University）
历
1969年1月开始医药研究实验2015年获诺贝尔医学奖
成功研发青蒿素（artemisinin），挽救了发展中国家数百万人的生
成就
命
你对她的评价？
Tu Youyou——A Great Medical
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【答案】例文
Tu Youyou——A Great Medical Scientist
Tu Youyou is a famous female physician. She was born in December, 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province.
She has been very interested in medicine since childhood. She graduated from Beijing Medical College in 1955.
She has been engaged in medical research since January, 1969. She works hard and she is creative. She is not
afraid of failures, and even often works with illness. She often works day and night. She is full of talent. She
devoted herself to the research of a drug which is useful for cancer patients. After years of unremitting efforts, she
successfully developed artemisinin, saving millions of lives in developing countries. And in 2015, she won the
Nobel Prize in Medicine.
She has made great contributions to Chinese medicine. I am really proud of her. I will study hard and try to
get into my dream university. I also want to be a useful person to society in the future, just like her.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：根据题干中的提示内容介绍医学科学家屠呦呦，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题；
第二步，根据题干中的提示信息介绍屠呦呦的生平经历以及她取得的成就；
第三步，介绍自己对她的评价。
[亮点词汇]①be interested in对……感兴趣
②be engaged in从事
③be afraid of害怕
④devote...to致力于
[高分句型]
After years of unremitting efforts, she successfully developed artemisinin, saving millions of lives in developing
countries.(现在分词作状语)
4．假如你校英语俱乐部准备举办一场以介绍名人为主题的墙报展。请你根据下面表格的内容提示，
写一篇英语短文介绍科学家居里夫人。
注意：
1. 必须包含表格中所有提示的信息。
2. 不得透漏学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
3. 语句通畅，语意连贯，可适当发挥。
4. 开头已经给出，不计入有效词数。
5. 词数要求：80词左右。
出生地 波兰
出生日
1867年11月7日
期
1. 从小就对物理感兴趣，读了很多关于这方面的书籍；
经历 2. 当时波兰不允许女子读大学，所以来到法国巴黎求学；
3. 来巴黎两年后即获得物理学位，后来又获得数学学位。
成就 分别于1903年和1911年获得了诺贝尔物理学奖和诺贝尔化学奖
参考词汇：波兰Poland 巴黎Paris
获得物理学位 take a degree in Physics
获得诺贝尔化学奖 get the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Marie Curie was a famous woman scientist. She is known for her great achievements in science.
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【答案】例文
Marie Curie was a famous woman scientist. She is known for her great achievements in science.
She was born in Poland on Nov. 11, 1867. She was interested in physics when she was a child and she read
many books on it. At that time, Poland did not allow women to attend universities, so they came to Paris, Franceto study. After two years in Paris, She got a degree in physics and later a degree in mathematics. She won the
Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911.
She will always be remembered as a great woman.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：根据题干中的提示介绍居里夫人，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题；
第二步，详细介绍居里夫人的基本信息、经历和取得的成就；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①be interested in对……感兴趣
②allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
[高分句型]
She was interested in physics when she was a child and she read many books on it.(when引导的时间状语从句以
及and连接的并列句)
5．请你用英语写一篇介绍查尔斯·达尔文(Charles Darwin) 的短文，并以“达尔文是一位伟大的科学
家”为开头句。
内容包括以下几点：
1. 他于1809 年2月12日出生在英国；
2. 他小时候就喜欢在大自然中观察，喜欢收集石头、树叶、鸟类等许多东西；
3. 他十六岁进入爱丁堡大学，对自然史感兴趣，后来又被送到剑桥大学学习，毕业于1831年；
4. 他持续不断地从事科学研究，直到1882年逝世。
要求：
1. 词数80—100，标题已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 内容可适当发挥，使行文连贯；
3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、学校名称等信息。
参考词汇 ： observe 观察；Edinburgh University 爱丁堡大学；Cambridge University 剑桥大学
Charles Darwin
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【答案】例文
Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin was a great scientist. He was born on February12th, 1809 in England. As a boy, he liked to
observe everything in the nature. He was fond of collecting stones, leaves, birds and so on.
When he was 16 years old, he was sent to Edinburgh University. And he was interested in natural history.
Then he was sent to study at Cambridge University, from which he graduated in 1831. He kept on his scientific
studies until he died in 1882.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点提示的内容，注意正确拼写单词，避免出现语法错
误。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作对象，介绍达尔文的个人基本信息——出生日期，爱好；
第二步，介绍达尔文的学习和工作
[亮点词汇]
①observe 观察
②be fond of 喜欢……
③be interested in 对……感兴趣
④ keep on 继续
[高分句型]
①When he was 16 years old, he was sent to Edinburgh University.（when引导时间状语从句）
②He kept on his scientific studies until he died in 1882.（until引导时间状语从句）
6．钱学森是一位杰出的科学家。为我们国家的航天事业做出了巨大的贡献，请你根据所给的提示信
息，以“A Hero in My Heart”为题，写一篇80词左右的短文来介绍一下他。
要点提示：
Information Card: Qian Xuesen
Born in Hangzhou in 1911.
Studied in Jiaotong University from 1929 to 1934.Studied in the USA and after that became a teacher there.
“Father of Chinese Missiles” and “King of the Rocket”.
Died in Beijing in 2009.
参考词汇：
Scientist; regard...as...; be born in; study in; from...to...; make contributions to...; die; remember
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【答案】例文：
A Hero in My Heart
Qian Xuesen is a great scientist. People regard him as “Father of China’s Space”, “Father of Chinese
Missiles” and “King of the Rocket“. He was born in Hangzhou in 1911. He studied in Jiao Tong University from
1929 to 1934 and then left to study in the USA. He lived and studied there for many years. Later he became a
teacher there. After several years, he came back to China and made great contributions to our country.
He died in Beijing in 2009. But he will be remembered forever.
【详解】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
时态：时态为“一般现在时”和”一般过去时“；
提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中我心目中的英雄——钱学森的介绍要点，
适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，借用“简单介绍我心目中的英雄——钱学森”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容，从“出生、学业生涯、荣誉称号等”几个方面重点介绍钱学森的具体情况；
第三步，书写结语：钱学森会被人们永远铭记。
[亮点词汇]
①regard sb. as把……视为；
②be born出生
③come back回来
[高分句型]
①But he will be remembered forever.（一般将来时的被动语态）
7．假设你昨天读了一则关于司马光的故事，请根据以下内容写一篇读后感。·司马光和朋友在花园里玩耍
·突然一个男孩爬上树并掉入树下的水缸
故事梗概 ·水缸装满了水，男孩在内不能呼吸
·司马光捡起石头砸缸
·水缸破了，水流出来，男孩得救
你对司马光的评 ……
价
Yesterday, I read a story about Sima Guang. One day, he and his friends were playing happily in the
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【答案】例文
Yesterday, I read a story about Sima Guang. One day, he and his friends were playing happily in the garden.
They were having great fun. In the garden, there was a big vat filled with water. A boy climbed up a tree to play.
Suddenly, the boy fell into the vat by accident.
Another child noticed this and shouted, “Help! Help! He has fallen into the vat!” The other children were
scared. They didn’t know what to do. Some of the children ran out of the yard to get help. But the vat was filled
with water and the boy could not breathe in it. So Sima Guang did not run out to ask for help. He picked up a big
stone and hit the vat. The vat broke and water flowed out. The boy was finally saved.
I think Sima Guang was very smart and kind through this incident, and from this story, we should learn that
when we are in danger, we must calm down and find a solution.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏，并注意适当添加细节，突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，对“司马光砸缸”的故事进行概括；
第二步，表达自己对司马光的看法；
第三步，总结对这则故事的感悟。
[亮点词汇]
① have great fun 玩得开心
② by accident 意外地，偶然
③ ask for help 请求帮助[高分句型]
① The boy was finally saved.（一般过去时的被动语态）
② We should learn that when we are in danger, we must calm down and find a solution.（that引导的宾语从句）
8．“花木兰代父从军”的故事家喻户晓。请你根据下列汉语提示写一篇不少于60词的英语短文。
从前，有一个女孩儿叫花木兰。她女扮男装，代替父亲参军。在军队里没有人发现她是个女孩儿。
她作战非常英勇。战争结束后，她回到了家乡，直到那时她的伙伴们才知道她是女儿身！
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【答案】例文
Once upon a time, there was a girl called Hua Mulan. Her father was too old to go out to the battle, so she
joined the army instead of her father. In the army, no one noticed that she was a girl. She fought very bravely.
After the war, she returned to her hometown and until then her partners knew she was a girl. What a nice girl!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：根据汉语提示进行写作，注意语句连贯，表达清晰。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开门见山，介绍曾经有一个女孩叫花木兰；
第二步，具体介绍花木兰的事迹；
第三步，书写结语，表达对花木兰的评价。
[亮点词汇]
①once upon a time从前
②instead of代替
③until then直到那时[高分句型]
①Her father was too old to go out to the battle, so she joined the army instead of her father.（so连接的并列句）
②In the army, no one noticed that she was a girl.（that引导宾语从句）
③What a nice girl!（感叹句）
二、书信作文
9．华夏大地，人杰地灵；中华文明，源远流长。假如你是李华，你国外的朋友Andy想了解中国，
请根据下图提示，选择或自拟至少两个方面进行介绍。
China
注意：1．词数100左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。2．表达中请勿提及真实校名及姓名。
Dear Andy,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in China. I feel honored to introduce my country to you.
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Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Andy,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in China. I feel honored to introduce my country to you.
First, there are many great men in our country, such as Yuan Longping. Yuan Longping who is known as the
“father of hybrid rice” made a great contribution to the world food supply. Second, there are many famous places
of interest in China, such as the Great Wall. It is known as one of the seven Wonders of the World. Third, China
also has many traditional festivals, such as Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and so
on. Chinese people attach the most importance to the Spring Festival.
I’m looking forward to seeing you in China.
Yours,
Li Hua【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：根据题干中的提示介绍中国的名人、名胜古迹以及传统节日等，可适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题，表示要介绍中国的一些文化；
第二步，介绍中国的名人、名胜古迹和传统节日；
第三步，表达希望。
[亮点词汇]
① such as例如
② is known as作为……而出名
③ made a great contribution to做出巨大贡献
④ places of interest名胜古迹
⑤ attach the most importance to最重视
⑥ look forward to doing sth.期望做某事
[高分句型]
①First, there are many great men in our country, such as Yuan Longping.(There be句型)
②Yuan Longping who is known as the “father of hybrid rice” made a great contribution to the world food supply.
(定语从句)
三、话题作文
10．当你跨越时间之门，打开历史之窗，你会追随谁的足迹？阳光中学英语广播站推出一个专题为
My Favorite Historical Person的栏目，请同学们介绍他们心中最喜欢的中国历史人物，请你就此写一篇短
文投稿，内容包括：
1. General information（name, age, birthplace...）
2. Why do you choose him/her?
3. What have you learnt from him/her?
要求：不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校和考生的真实信息；词数100个左右。开头已给出，不计
入总词数。
My Favorite Historical Person
In the long history of China, there are many famous historical persons.
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【答案】范文：
My Favorite Historical Person
In the long history of China, there are many famous historical persons. A great number of historical figures
have made great contributions to the society and some of them really impressed themselves on our memory.
As for me, my favorite historical person is Zhuge Liang, a famous politician with great achievement in
literature in the Three Kingdoms period. His intelligence is acknowledged by the Chinese. He helped Liu Bei to
get over the emergencies and successfully established Shu. Moreover, various articles written by him have been
passed on until now, impressing me with his loyalty and huge amount of knowledge. Therefore, I regard loyalty as
the most valuable quality and always keep on learning to be a knowledgeable person. At the same time, I also
learn his wisdom to help more people.
There used to be a lot of people who had outstanding thoughts and great achievements. They are our most
precious wealth. We should learn from them.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文，围绕“最爱的历史人物”展开；
②时态：一般现在时；
③提示：写作要点提示已经给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，并适当补充发挥，注意语句的通顺，使用正确
的词汇和句型，使得行文连贯有逻辑。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，以“许多历史人物为社会做出了巨大贡献，其中一些人留下了深刻的记忆”引
出下文；
第二步，交代自己喜欢的历史人物，并介绍基本信息，同时表明自己喜欢的理由以及从中学到的东西，
注意语法正确；
第三步，结尾总结，表明应向名人学习。
[亮点词汇]
①a great number of大量的
②used to do sth曾经做某事
③with great achievement in literature在文学方面有很高的成就
④regard sth as将某物视为
[高分句型]①His intelligence is acknowledged by the Chinese.（一般现在时的被动语态）
②Therefore, I regard loyalty as the most valuable quality and always keep on learning to be a knowledgeable
person. （and连接两个并列谓语）
