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选择性必修二 Unit1 早读材料
一、词性转换
1. infect vt. 使感染; 传染→ infection n. 感染; 传染→ infectious adj. 传染的
2. severe adj. 十分严重地；极为恶劣；严厉的→severely adv. 严重的；严格地；严厉地
3. pure adj. 干净的; 纯的→ purely adv. 纯洁; 纯粹→purify v. 净化; 使纯净
4. suspect vt. &vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 → suspected adj. 有嫌疑的
5. transform vt. & vi. (使)改观; 转变→transformation n. 改变; 转变
6. machine n. 机械; 机器→mechanical adj. 机械的; 发动机的→ mechanic n. 机械师; 机械修理工
7. defend vt. 保卫; 防守→defence n. 防御; 防守
8. assist v. 帮助→assistant n. 助理; 助手→assistance n. 帮助; 援助
9. gift n. 礼物; 天赋v. 赋予→gifted adj. 有天赋的; 有天才的
10. initial adj. 最初的; 开始的→ initially adv. 最初; 首先
11. vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→ vividly adv.清晰地；生动地；强烈地
12. astronomy n.天文学→astronomer n.天文学家
13. frustrate v.使懊恼，是沮丧-- frustrated adj.懊恼的，沮丧的--frustrating adj.令人沮丧的-- frustration
n.
14. steady adj.平稳的，稳步的--steadily adv.逐渐的，稳步的
15. explain v.解释-- explanation n.
二、重点短语
1. draw a conclusion 得出结论 10. link…to/with…与…相关联
2. attend to sb照料；照顾某人 11. be likely to do 有可能
3. give birth 生孩子 12. be considered (as/to be)
4. once and for all 最终地; 彻底地 13. thanks to 幸亏；由于
5. in general一般来说 14. break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开
6. subscribe to 同意; 赞同; 订阅 始; 爆发
7. be determined to do 下定决心做某事 15. in charge of 主管; 掌管
8. be to blame 对某事负有责任；应受责备 16. come down(患)病; 染上(小病)
9. It seems that…看起来...;似乎... 17. above all最重要的是; 尤其是
三、重点句子
1. As a young doctor，John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.
( “特殊疑问词+不定式”结构)
由于当时无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱，年轻的约翰·斯诺医生很沮丧。
2. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500
people died in ten days.( so...that...引导结果状语从句)
他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。
3. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her
house every day. (It seems/seemed+that从句好像……，似乎……)
该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。
4. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or
boiled water. 与饮用纯净水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染上霍乱。
5. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. (Predicative Clause) 一种看法是空气污染引发。
6. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.( PredicativeClaus) 事情的真相是宽街水泵抽上来的水被废弃物污染了。
