姓名： 班级
Unit 12 Life is full of unexpected.
Section A
本课重点 1.掌握过去完成时的结构并能正确地加以运用
2.区分一般过去时态,现在完成时态和过去完成时
3.综合运用各种时态进行语言交际
本课难点 过去完成时的构成及应用。
常考句型 1. When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
2. By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
3. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
4. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
5. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
一、单项选择
1．Mary shut the window just now ________ she could keep the insects out.
A．so that B．when C．till D．after
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：玛丽刚才关上了窗户，以便把昆虫挡在外面。
考查连词。so that为了；when当……时；till直到；after在……之后；根据空格前后句可知，关窗户的目
的是挡住昆虫，此处应用so that引导目的状语从句，故选A。
2．This year’s Beijing Music Awards will be covered ________ on Sunshine TV this Saturday.
A．lively B．alive C．living D．live
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：今年的北京音乐大奖将于本周六在阳光卫视直播。
考查词义辨析。lively活泼的，生动的；alive活着的；living活的，现存的；live现场直播的（地）；根据
语境可知，电视节目是现场直播的，故选D。
3．—I can’t get on well with my family.
—Why not talk with them? You should communicate ________ things become worse.
A．until B．unless C．after D．before【答案】D
【详解】
句意：——我不能和我的家人友好相处。——为什么不和他们好好谈谈呢？你应该在事情变得更糟糕之前
和家人沟通。
考查连词。until直到；unless除非；after之后；before在……之前。根据“things become worse”可知表达
“在事情变得更糟之前”，用连词 “before”引导时间状语从句。故选D。
4．Nowadays you are supposed to have your temperature taken ________ you enter the school.
A．before B．after C．until
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：现在你应该在进入学校之前测量体温。
考查连词辨析。before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到……。根据语境，应是在你进入学校之前
测量体温。故选A。
5．Boys and girls, read the new words again ______ you forget.
A．till B．before C．since
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：同学们，在忘记之前再读一遍生词。
考查连词辨析。till直到；before在……之前；since自从。根据“read the new words again…you forget”可知，
是在忘记之前，故选B。
6．Please don’t hurt the little animals ________ you see them on the street. They are our friends.
A．so B．when C．unless
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：当你在街上看到小动物时，请不要伤害它们。它们是我们的朋友。
考查连词辨析。so因此；when当……时候；unless除非。根据“Please don’t hurt the little animals ... you see
them on the street.”可知此处主从复合句，表示当看到小动物时不要伤害它们，用when引导时间状语从句。
故选B。
7．It was not yet 9 o’clock ________ we got the Joy Valley last time.
A．since B．until C．when D．because
【答案】C【详解】
句意：上次我们到达欢乐谷时还不到9点。
考查连词辨析。since自从；until直到……为止；when当……时候；because因为。根据“It was not yet 9
o’clock”可知当到达欢乐谷时还不到9点，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。
8．All things are difficult ________ they are easy.
A．after B．when C．while D．before
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：凡事都是先难后易。
考查连词辨析。after在……之后；when当……的时候，从句中的动词可以用延续性动词，也可以用终止性
动词；while当……的时候，从句中的动词常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词；before在……之前。根据题
干“All things are difficult…they are easy”，结合“万事开头难”，可知前面三项不合语境，故选D。
9．Robert failed in the final term exams________ he didn’t take the subject seriously.
A．because B．that C．till D．though
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：罗伯特期末考试不及格，因为他没有认真对待科目。
考查连词辨析。because因为；that那；till向，朝；though尽管。上文“罗伯特考试不及格”和下文“他没
有认真对待”之间是因果关系，后者表原因，故用because连接。故选A。
10．By the end of last term, the school volleyball team ________ three prizes for our school.
A．have won B．had won C．win
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：到上学期末，学校排球队为我们学校赢得了三个奖项。
考查过去完成时。根据时间状语“By the end of last term”可知，空格处的动作发生在“过去的过去”，所
以应用过去完成时，其结构为had+动词过去分词，故选B。
11．________ you are interested in singing, why not join our music club?
A．Till B．Since C．Unless D．Although
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：既然你对唱歌感兴趣，为什么不加入我们的音乐俱乐部呢？考查连词。Till直到，不能用于句首；Since既然，引导原因状语从句，且从句一般放在主句之前；Unless
除非，引导条件状语从句；Although虽然，引导让步状语从句；根据“...you are interested in singing, why
not join our music club?”及结合选项可知，既然你对唱歌感兴趣，为什么不加入我们的音乐俱乐部呢？此处
使用since，表示“既然”，符合语境。故选B。
12．—Lucy, you can come to me for help ________ you get into trouble in your study at school.
—Thanks, David. You are always helpful.
A．although B．unless C．when D．since
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——露西，当你在学校学习遇到困难时，你可以来找我帮忙。 ——谢谢，大卫。你总是乐于助
人。
考查连词辨析。although尽管；引导让步状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；when当……时候，
引导时间状语从句；since自从，引导时间状语从句。分析语境可知，后半句是一个时间状语从句，空处表
示“当……时候”。故选C。
13．Sometimes I feel stressed because what my parents want me to do has gone ________ my ability.
A．through B．against C．above D．beyond
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：有时我感到压力，因为我父母想让我做的超出了我的能力。
考查介词辨析。through通过；against违反；above在……之上；beyond超过、越过。根据“Sometimes I
feel stressed”，结合“because what my parents want me to do has gone … my ability.”可知我感到压力的原因是
因为我父母想让我做的超出了我的能力。go beyond“超过、超越”，故选D。
14．Don’t be afraid of difficulties. Remember: kites rise highest ________ the wind, not with it.
A．against B．above C．across D．along
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：不要害怕困难。记住：风筝逆风而起，不是随风而起。
考查介词辨析。against违反，反对；above在……之上；across穿过；along沿着。根据“Remember: kites
rise highest…the wind, not with it.”可知，风筝是逆风而起的。against the wind逆风飞扬。故选A。
15．People in poor areas have improved their lives by selling goods ________ online.
A．alive B．live C．living D．lively【答案】B
【详解】
句意：贫困地区的人们通过在线直播销售商品改善了他们的生活。
考查形容词辨析。alive活着的，活泼的；live现场直播的；living活着的；lively活泼的，生动的。根据空
后“…online”可知，这里表示“在线直播”，故选B。
二、英汉互译
1．by the time ________________
2．洗浴 ________________
3．go off_____________
4．冲出房门 ______________
5．捎某人一程 _____________
6．出现________________
7．制作苹果馅饼 ________________
8．jump out of bed_____________
9．stare in disbelief at ____________
【答案】
1．到……时候
2．take a shower
3．离开
4．rush out the door
5．give sb a lift
6．show up
7．make the apple pie
8．跳下床
9．难以置信地盯着
【解析】
1．by the time，介词短语，可用作连词引导时间状语从句，翻译为“到……时候”。故填“到……时候”。
2．shower，淋浴，是可数名词，“洗浴”可用take a shower表示，是动词短语。故填take a shower。
3．go off，是动词短语，有“离开”的含义。故填“离开”。
4．“冲出”可用rush out表示，“房门”可用door表示；“冲出房门”可用rush out the door表示。故填
rush out the door。5．“捎某人一程”可用give sb a lift表示，使用“give sb sth”的双宾语结构。故填give sb a lift。
6．“出现”可用show up表示，是动词短语。故填show up。
7．“制作”可用make表示，“苹果馅饼”可用apple pie表示，所以“制作苹果馅饼”可用make the apple
pie表示。故填make the apple pie。
8．jump out of可表示“跳出，跳下”，bed翻译为“床”，所以jump out of bed翻译为“跳下床”。故填
“跳下床”。
9．stare at可表示“盯着看”，in disbelief可表示“难以置信地”，所以stare in disbelief at翻译为“难以置
信地盯着”。故填“难以置信地盯着”。
三、根据汉语或首字母提示填空
1．The actual cost was higher than we _________ (预料).
【答案】had expected
【详解】
句意：实际成本比我们预期的要高。we后缺少谓语动词；“预料”译为动词expect，根据“was”可知预测
的动作发生在出实际成本之前，也就是过去的过去，用过去完成时，expect的过去分词是expected。故填
had expected。
2．Many m________ (集市) provide places for customers to park their cars.
【答案】markets
【详解】
句意：许多集市提供给顾客停车的地方。“集市”对应的英文是“market”。根据空格前“many”可知应用
复数，故填markets。
3．Hurry up, or we won't be able to get to the a________ (机场) on time.
【答案】airport
【详解】
句意：快点，否则我们将不能按时到达机场。airport机场，有定冠词the修饰，用单数名词，故填airport。
4．Yesterday Jenny's mother gave me a ______（搭便车）on the way home.
【答案】lift
【详解】
句意：昨天珍妮的妈妈在回家的路上让我搭便车。lift“搭便车”；give sb. a lift“让某人搭便车”，固定搭配。
故填lift。
5．It was a bad accident but they are lucky to be a________ (活着)．【答案】alive
【详解】
句意：那是一次严重的事故，但他们能活下来就很幸运了。根据中文提示，alive“活着的”，在句中作表语，
故填alive。
6．Time flies! It won’t be long b________ we say goodbye to our beloved school!
【答案】(b)efore
【详解】
句意：时间过得真快啊！我们不久就要和我们心爱的学校说再见了！根据“It won’t be long b…we say
goodbye to our beloved school!”可知，此处是it won’t be long before…“用不了多久……”，用before引导时
间状语从句，故填(b)efore。
7．Jeff always gets high scores on his exams. But to my surprise and d________, he performs poorly in the
spoken-English test.
【答案】(d)isappointment/(d)issatisfaction/(d)isbelief
【详解】
句意：杰夫考试总是得高分。但令我惊讶和失望/不满意/难以置信的是，他在英语口语考试中表现很差。
根据首字母d及“he performs poorly in the spoken-English test”可知，杰夫平时成绩很好，但英语口语考试
表现不好，令我失望/不满意/难以置信；and 连接并列成分，故空格处与 surprise 一样为名词；
disappointment/dissatisfaction/disbelief “ 失 望 的 / 不 满 意 的 / 难 以 置 信 的 ” 。 故
填(d)isappointment/(d)issatisfaction/(d)isbelief。
8．Let's find the hope in the u________ and find the courage in the challenge.
【答案】(u)nexpected
【详解】
句意：让我们在意外中找到希望，在挑战中找到勇气。结合首字母“u”和“Let's find the hope”可知，此句
是说在意外中找到希望。unexpected意外的，形容词，the unexpected意外（的状况），故填unexpected。
9．The newest height of Qomolangma is 8,848.86 meters a________ the sea level.
【答案】above
【详解】
句意：珠穆朗玛峰的最新高度是海拔 8848.86 米。根据“The newest height of Qomolangma is 8,848.86
meters”，可知说的是珠穆朗玛峰的最新高度，结合首字母提示，可以联想到介词 above，意为“在……之
上”，above the sea level“在海平面以上”，故填above。
10．All the factory w______ are not allowed to smoke when they are on duty.【答案】workers
【详解】
句意：所有工厂工人当班时都不允许吸烟。分析“All the factory…are not allowed to smoke when they are on
duty.”可知，此处表示“工人”，可用worker表示，此前有 All修饰，所以使用名词复数形式，故填
workers。
四、选词填空
go off, be late for, give sb. a lift, at least, wake up
1．Young baby needs ______________fifteen hours' sleep every day.
2．Waiting for the bus made me anxious. At that time, Mr. Smith saw me and ______________.
3．He was so tired that he didn't hear the alarm clock ______________.
4．______________school is a very bad habit.
5．The woman ______________his son every day to make sure he can get to work on time.
【答案】
1．at least
2．gave me a lift
3．go off
4．Being late for
5．wakes up
【分析】
1．句意：年幼的婴儿每天至少需要十五小时的睡眠。
修饰数词fifteen，故填at least。
2．句意：等公共汽车使我焦虑不安。那时，史密斯先生看见了我并让我搭车。
give sb a lift让某人搭车，根据saw可知，此处用一般过去时，故填gave me a lift。
3．句意：我如此疲倦以至于我没有听见闹钟响。
根据宾语the alarm clock可知，此处表示闹钟响了，hear sb do sth“听见某人做了某事”，故填go off。
4．句意：上学迟到是一个非常坏的习惯。
be late for school“上学迟到”，此处作主语，用动名词短语，故填Being late for。
5．句意：这位妇女每天叫醒他的儿子，以确保他能按时上班。
根据to make sure he can get to work on time可知，为了确保他能按时上班，因此表示要把他喊醒，主语the
woman是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填wakes up。
五、改写句子1．He reads for half an hour before going to bed.（改为复合句）
He reads for half an hour ___________ ___________ __________ to bed.
【答案】before he goes
【详解】
句意：他睡觉前读半小时书。原句going to bed是现在分词结构做状语，可改为before引导的时间状语从句；
he是单数第三人称，动词go需用三单形式。故填before；he；goes。
2．“Did you do any shopping after lunch, Susan?” asked Pansy.(改为间接引语)
Pansy asked Susan ________ she ________ done any shopping after lunch.
【答案】whether/if had
【详解】
句意：“苏珊，午饭后你买东西了吗？”潘西问。直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语时由连词whether
或if引导，所以第一空应填whether或if；此句直接引语时态为一般过去时，变成间接引语时时态应为过去
完成时，其构成为“had done”，所以第二空应填助动词had。故填whether/if；had。
3．I got home in the rain. I left my umbrella in the classroom. (合并为一句)
When I________home in the rain, I realized I________my umbrella in the classroom.
【答案】got had left
【详解】
句意：我冒雨到家了。我把雨伞落在教室里了。分析句子结构及原句时态可知，“when”引导时间状语从
句，且描述过去某时发生的动作，所以第一空用一般过去时。再根据“realized”可知，当宾语从句的主句
为一般过去时，从句要用过去的某种时态。“落下（雨伞）”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，所以第二空
要用过去完成时来表达，其结构是：had done。故填got；had left。
4．Ben had already solved the problem before his mum came back. (改为否定句)
Ben __________ solved the problem __________ before his mum came back.
【答案】hadn’t yet
【详解】
句意：本在他妈妈回来之前就已经解决了这个问题。原句使用的时态是过去完成时，其结构为主语+助动
词had+动词的过去分词；变否定句时，在助动词had之后直接加not，其缩写形式为hadn’t，把already改
为yet。故填hadn’t；yet。
5．My foreign friend asked me, “Have many great changes taken place in Jinan in the past 10 years?” (改为同义
句)
My foreign friend asked me ____________ Jinan had ___________ a lot in the past 10 years.【答案】whether/if changed
【详解】
句意：我的外国朋友问我：“在过去的10年里，济南发生了许多巨大的变化吗？”同义句可替换为“我的
外国朋友问我济南在过去的十年里是否改变了很多”。“是否”可用whether/if表示，用于句中引导宾语
从句；第二处表示“改变”，可用change表示，根据“主过从必过”原则，从句应使用过去完成时had
done。故填whether/if；changed。
六、完成句子
1．这些德国人在到襄阳前就已经习惯吃牛肉面了。（be）
_________________ before they came to Xiangyang.
【答案】These Germans had been used to eating beef noodles/These Germans had already been used to eating
beef noodles/These Germans had been used to having beef noodles/These Germans had already been used to
having beef noodles
【详解】
these“这些”，修饰复数名词；German“德国人”，复数形式是Germans；be used to doing sth“习惯做某事”，
根据句意及“came”可知，“习惯吃牛肉面”这个动作发生在来襄阳前，过去的过去用过去完成时had done
的结构；already“已经”；eat/have beef noodles表示“吃牛肉面”，故填These Germans had（already）been
used to eating/having beef noodles。
2．我希望学生们的书包轻一点儿。
I hope students’ ____________ will be lighter.
【答案】bags/schoolbags/school bags/backpacks
【详解】
空处缺少“书包”的翻译，英文为bag或schoolbag或school bag或backpack，根据“students’”可知，此空
应填名词的复数形式，故填bags/schoolbags(school bags)/backpacks。
3．当你寂寞时，你能想到可以说话的人吗?
Can you think of anyone _______________________________________________
【答案】to talk to when you feel lonely?
【详解】
根据句意，结合英语分析，本题少了“可以说话的人吗?”。我们用to talk to来做后置定语修饰前面的
anyone；当你寂寞时我们用when 来引导一个时间状语从句；寂寞也就是孤独的意思用feel lonely。所以答
案为to talk to when you feel lonely?
4．这位社会工作者经常面带微笑。This ________________ often ________________ on his face.
【答案】social worker wears a smile
【详解】
社会工作者social worker，此前有this修饰，使用名词单数，面带微笑wear a smile on one’s face，主语是第
三人称单数，谓语动词用三单。故填social worker；wears a smile。
5．他以怀疑的眼光上下打量我。
He looked me up and down ________.
【答案】in disbelief
【详解】
分析题干可知要翻译的中文是“怀疑的”，空格处在句子末尾，可知应填“in disbelief”表示“不信任”，
介词短语相当于副词功能，故填in disbelief。
七、补全对话
A：Hi, Dennis. 1 ．
B：No, But last Monday I came very close.
A：Really? 2 ．
B：Well, I got up late.
A：Oh, you must have been in a hurry.
B：Yeah. So I had a quick breakfast. 3 ． But when I got there, the early subway had already left.
A： 4 ．
B：I had to take a taxi to school. And when I got to school, the bell was ringing. 5 ．
A：You're a lucky dog!
A．What happened to you?
B．How did you get to school?
C．I made it to class at exactly 8：00.
D．Have you ever been late for school?
E. Then I rushed to the subway station.
【答案】
1．D
2．A
3．E
4．B
5．C【分析】
本文是丹尼斯和另一个人之间的谈话。对方询问丹尼斯是否上学迟到过。丹尼尔讲述了他上周一差点迟到
的事。
1．根据“No, But last Monday I came very close.”可知，此处是一般疑问句，故选D。
2．根据“Well, I got up late.”可知，此处询问发生了的事，故选A。
3．根据“So I had a quick breakfast.”可知，此处表示要匆忙赶到学校，故选E。
4．根据“I had to take a taxi to school”可知，此处询问交通方式，故选B。
5．根据“And when I got to school, the bell was ringing.”可知，我到达学校的时候，上课铃响了，因此我 8
点准时到校。故选C。
【点睛】
这个题目是补全对话，要求根据对话内容选择适当句子补全对话。做题时，应首先通读对话的内容，了解
对话双方的身份，对话的主题；然后根据语境，尤其是上下句的提示，确定空格处应选的句子。如第 4小
题，根据下面的答语“I had to take a taxi to school”可知，此处应用特殊疑问句，take a taxi“乘坐出租车”，
因此是与交通方式有关，用how来提问。故选B。
八、阅读单选
Bob was only seven years old. One night Bob was at home alone while his parents were out for a party. He had
often stayed alone before, so he wasn't afraid. As he waited for his parents to return home, he watched a film on TV.
His eyes became heavier and heavier as time passed by.
Suddenly Bob's eyes opened wide—what was the sound in the next room? Bob heard the window being
opened slowly. For a minute, Bob was so frightened that he could not move, and his body felt like ice. He knew that
he couldn't lose his head and began to think of the things he could do. Again he heard the sound of someone trying
to climb into his home through the window. Bob's drums were standing in the corner near the TV. "Wait, maybe
there is something I can do," thought Bob. He beat his drums as hard as he could. The sound was so terrible that
Bob surprised even himself. He also surprised the man in the window, who ran away as fast as possible. How clever
he was!
1．What did Bob do when he waited for his parents?
A．He played the drums. B．He watched TV.
C．He fell asleep. D．He did nothing.
2．The person who wanted to come into the room might be ________.
A．a friend B．a stranger C．an animal D．a thief（贼）
3．What does the underlined phrase "lose his head" mean in Chinese?A．冷静 B．生气 C．惊慌失措 D．喜出望外
4．What did Bob do to make the man run away?
A．He turned up the TV. B．He called the police.
C．He beat his drums. D．He asked his parents for help.
5．What do you think of Bob?
A．Foolish. B．Lovely. C．Funny. D．Clever.
【答案】
1．B
2．D
3．C
4．C
5．D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了7岁的Bob不害怕独自在家。有一天晚上当Bob等他的父母时，发现有一
个人想进入他们的家，且这个人可能是个贼。刚开始 Bob有点害怕，但是后来他通过敲鼓吓跑了那个可能
是贼的人。
1．细节理解题。根据文中“As he waited for his parents to return home, he watched a film on TV.”可知，当他
在等他父母的时候，他看电视了。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据文中“Suddenly Bob's eyes opened wide—what was the sound in the next room? Bob
heard the window being opened slowly.”可推测出，大晚上的有人想通过窗户爬进他家，那么这个人应该是小
偷。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据文中“began to think of the things he could do”可知尽管害怕Bob还是开始想自己能做
什么，由此可推出是不能惊慌失措。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据文中“He beat on his drums as hard as he could. The sound was so terrible that Bob
surprised even himself. He also surprised the man in the window, who ran away as fast as possible.”可知，鲍勃通
过敲打他的鼓来吓跑了那个男人。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据文中“How clever he was!”可知，鲍勃是非常聪明的。故选D。
