姓名： 班级
Unit 6 When was it invented?
Section A
本课重点 一般过去时态的被动语态。
学会询问发明时间及用途的基本句型。
本课难点 一般过去时态的被动语态
常考句型 1. —When was the telephone invented?—I think it was invented in 1876.
2 —What are they used for? —They are used for seeing at night.
3. —Who was it invented by? —It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
一、单项选择
1．—Is ________ here?
—Yes. We are all ready.
A．somebody B．neither C．everybody D．none
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——大家都到齐了吗？——是的。我们都准备好了。
考查复合不定代词。somebody某人；neither两者都不；everybody每个人；none没有；根据“Yes. We are
all ready.”及语境可知，此处是问“每个人都到了吗”，故选C。
2．— Eric, you ________ to go to the teachers’ office just now. What’s up?
— We aren’t allowed to bring phones to school. Em, but I broke the rule.
A．told B．tell C．are told D．were told
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：——埃里克，你刚才被告诉去教师办公室。怎么了？——我们不准带手机上学。嗯，但我违反了规
则。
考查动词时态和被动语态。根据“just now”可知，时态是一般过去时；埃里克被告诉去教师办公室，故为
被动语态；即本句是一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were done。故选D。
3．Our country, the PRC ______ in 1949．A．was found B．is founded
C．was founded D．has been found
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：我们的祖国，中华人民共和国在1949年被建立。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。find是动词，意为“发现”，过去分词为found；found是动词原形，意为
“成立”，founded是其过去分词。根据常识，中华人民共和国在 1949年被建立，句子使用一般过去时被
动语态。故选C。
4．You’d better not go abroad, ________ when COVID-19 is still spreading around the world.
A．especially B．nearly C．possibly D．generally
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：你最好不要出国，尤其是当COVID-19还在世界各地传播的时候。
考查副词。especially尤其是；nearly几乎；possibly可能；generally普遍地。根据语境可知，此处指的是尤
其是COVID-19还在世界各地传播的时候尽量不要出国。故选A。
5．—Why have I never seen this kind of mobile phone?
一Because it ________ by Huawei last month.
A．was produced B．would produced C．has produced D．are produced
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：——为什么我从来没见过这种手机？——因为它是上个月由华为生产的。
考查动词时态及被动语态。根据句中“last month”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，排除B/C/D选项；it指代
的是这种手机，与动词之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
6．The play Teahouse ________ by the famous Chinese writer Lao She.
A．wrote B．was writing C．was written
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：著名的中国作家老舍写了话剧《茶馆》。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据主语“The play Teahouse”及“by the famous Chinese writer Lao She”可知表达
被动含义，用一般过去时的被动形式“was written”。故选C。
7．A small town in Norway doesn’t get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March — ________ six monthsout of the year.
A．only B．hardly C．clearly D．nearly
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：挪威的一个小镇从9月下旬到3月中旬——几乎一年中有六个月没有阳光直射。
考查副词辨析。only 仅仅、只；hardly 几乎不；clearly 清晰地；nearly 几乎。根据前句中“from late
September to mid-March”可推知，应是几乎有六个月。故选D。
8．As we all know, the telephone ________ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A．invented B．is invented C．was invented
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：众所周知，电话是亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔在1876年发明的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语the telephone是动作invent的承受者，用被动语态，结合“in 1876”可知，
是一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
9．— Good news? You’ve passed the PE test.
— Hooray! ______, I was worried about it.
A．By accident B．To be honest C．As a result D．In my opinion
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：——好消息？你通过了体育考试。 ——好极了，说实话，我之前很担心。
考查固定短语。By accident偶然地；To be honest老实说；As a result结果；In my opinion在我看来。根据
下文“I was worried about it”，此处是回答者在袒露自己的之前的心理活动，故选B。
10．In the big earthquake of Gansu, people ______ to the safe places by the army.
A．take B．took C．were taken
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：在甘肃大地震中，人们被军队带到了安全的地方。
考查被动语态。结合语境可知，句子主语people与动词take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，描述的是过
去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动，故选C。
11．—Have you tasted zongzi, a kind of traditional Chinese rice dumplings?
—Sure. It’s said that a lot of zongzi _________ at the food factory twenty days ago.
A．are made B．were made C．made【答案】B
【详解】
句意：——你吃过粽子吗，一种中国传统的粽子？——当然。据说二十天前食品厂做了很多粽子。
考查一般过去时被动语态。主语“zongzi”与动词“make”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“twenty days ago”
是一般过去时标志词，故此处应填一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故选B。
12．I could ________ control my feelings at that moment. The song brought back so many childhood memories.
A．hardly B．really C．clearly D．nearly
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：那一刻我几乎控制不住自己的感情。这首歌勾起了许多童年的回忆。
考查副词辨析，hardly几乎不；really真地；clearly清晰地；nearly差不多。根据“The song brought back so
many childhood memories.”勾起许多回忆，可知应该是几乎控制不住自己的感情，故选A。
13．These gifts ________ by children in their last summer holidays.
A．made B．were made C．make D．are made
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：这些礼物是孩子们在上一个暑假里做的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语gifts与谓语make之间为被动关系，故应用“be动词+过去分词”的被
动语态结构，且根据last summer holidays提示，句子应用过去时，故空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态结
构，故选B。
14．—What is the world’s ________ mountain?
—Mount Qomolangma.
A．lower B．lowest C．higher D．highest
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：——世界上最高的山是什么？——珠穆朗玛峰。
考查形容词辨析和形容词最高级。low低的；high高的。根据“Mount Qomolangma.”和常识可知，珠穆朗
玛峰是世界上最高的山，故选D。
15．Cloth shoes became popular during the Ming Dynasty, ________ in Sichuan province.
A．hardly B．nearly C．really D．especially
【答案】D【详解】
句意：布鞋在明代开始流行，尤其是在四川。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；nearly几乎；really真地；especially尤其。分析“Cloth shoes became popular
during the Ming Dynasty…in Sichuan province.”可知，此处表示进一步强调，故选D。
二、汉译英
1．被广泛使用___________________
2．用来做……____________________
3．有特殊后跟的鞋子____________________
4．变得流行___________________________
5．鞋子的风格__________________________
6．热冰激凌勺_________________________
7．想出_____________________
8．靠电力运行_______________________________
9．改变世界____________________________
10．我很乐意__________________________
【答案】
1．be used widely
2．be used for doing sth
3．shoes with special heels
4．become popular
5．the style of the shoes
6．hot ice-cream scoop
7．come up with
8．run on electricity
9．change the world
10．my pleasure
【解析】
1．be used widely表示被广泛使用，根据汉语提示，故填be used widely 。
2．be used for doing sth表示用来做……；根据汉语提示，故填be used for doing sth 。
3．shoes with special heels表示有特殊后跟的鞋子；根据汉语提示，故填shoes with special heels。
4．become popular表示变得流行；根据汉语提示，故填become popular。
5．the style of the shoes 表示鞋子的风格；根据汉语提示，故填the style of the shoes 。6．hot ice-cream scoop 表示热冰激凌勺；根据汉语提示，故填hot ice-cream scoop。
7．come up with表示想出；故填come up with。
8．run on electricity 表示靠电力运行；根据汉语提示，故填run on electricity 。
9．change the world表示 改变世界；根据汉语提示，故填change the world 。
10．my pleasure表示我很乐意；根据汉语提示，故填my pleasure。
三、根据汉语或首字母提示填空
1．There is no ________（疑惑）that we did the right things.
【答案】doubt
【详解】
句意：毫无疑问我们做了正确的事情。句子用“there is no doubt that”表示 “毫无疑问”。空处填名词
“doubt”。故填doubt。
2．The thief was _________ (抓获) stealing in the supermarket.
【答案】caught
【详解】
句意：小偷在超市偷东西时被抓住了。catch“抓住”，是动词，主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语
态，空格前有was，此处的动词应用过去分词，构成一般过去时的被动语态，故填caught。
3．Can you help me _____(烧开) water?I am too busy now.
【答案】boil
【详解】
句意：你能帮我烧开水吗？我现在太忙了。help sb. do帮助某人做某事；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知
填boil。
4．We _____(留) in England for two days and came back yesterday.
【答案】remained
【详解】
句意：我们在英国呆了两天，昨天回来了。remain in停留在…；and连接并列结构，前后时态需一致，根
据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填remained。
5．Lu Xun is one of the _____________（先锋）of modern Chinese culture.
【答案】pioneers
【详解】
句意：鲁迅是中国现代文化的先驱之一。one of后跟可数名词的复数形式，根据汉语提示可知，答案为
pioneers。6．It’s difficult to t________ some hot words such as neijuan, fanersai and wude into English.
【答案】(t)ranslate/(t)urn
【详解】
句意：像“内卷”、“凡尔赛”、“武德”这样的热词很难翻译成英语。根据“ …some hot words such as
neijuan, fanersai and wude into English”及首字母，可知，是将这些词翻译成英语，用translate…into“将……
翻译成……”或turn…into表示“将……变为……”，动词不定式符号 to后接动词原形，故填(t)ranslate/
(t)urn。
7．Many classes were t________ by teachers online during Covid-19.
【答案】(t)aught
【详解】
句意：2019冠状病毒病期间，许多课程由教师在线授课。根据“Many classes were…by teachers online”可
知，此处指老师在线授课，teach“授课”，此处用一般过去时被动语态，故此空应填过去分词，故填
(t)aught。
8．I use the s___________ to serve really cold ice-cream.
【答案】scoop
【详解】
句意：我用勺子来舀真得很冷的冰激凌。scoop的意思是“勺子”，根据句意及所给首字母提示，故填
scoop。
9．Small inventions have c_________ the world.
【答案】changed
【详解】
句意：小的发明已经改变了世界。根据语境可知用现在完成时，其结构是 have done的形式。这里用
change的过去分词chanaged。根据句意及所给首字母提示，故填changed。
10．It’s my p__________ to help you finish your school project.
【答案】pleasure
【详解】
句意：我很高兴帮助你完成你的学校项目。It’s my pleasure to do sth.表示做某事是我的乐趣。根据句意及首
字母提示，故填pleasure 。
四、选词填空
pride, five, lock, absent, connect
1．It is the ________ time that l have been to China.2．Sandra, remember to ________ the door when you go out, please!
3．A good student often ________ what he is learning with past experiences.
4．Anna was the ________ of the school after she won the speech competition.
5．John has been ________ from work for two days as he needs to take care of his sick mother.
【答案】
1．fifth
2．lock
3．connects
4．pride
5．absent
【分析】
1．句意：这是我第五次来中国。该句为句型“It is the +序数词+ time +从句”，意为“这是第几次做某
事”，结合备选词可知，此处应填数词five的序数词fifth，故填fifth。
2．句意：桑德拉，出门时记得锁门。根据“when you go out”及备选词可知，这里指记得锁门，lock the
door意为“锁门”，因remember to do sth.意为“记得做某事”，故填lock。
3．句意：一个好学生经常把他正在学习的东西和过去的经历联系起来。根据“what he is learning with past
experiences”及备选词可知，这里指把正在学习的东西和过去的经历联系起来，connect…with…意为“联
系……和……”；结合句意，该句为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词 connect应用单三形式
connects，故填connects。
4．句意：安娜在演讲比赛中获胜后是学校的骄傲。根据“after she won the speech competition”及备选词可
知，此处指是学校的骄傲，the pride of意为“是……的骄傲”，故填pride。
5．句意：约翰已经两天没上班了，因为他需要照顾生病的母亲。根据“as he needs to take care of his sick
mother”及备选词可知，这里指两天没上班，be absent from意为“缺席”，故填absent。
五、改写句子
1．Finally, the police officer caught the thief. （改为被动语态）
Finally, the thief __________ ___________ by the police officer.
【答案】was caught
【详解】
句意：最后，警察抓住了小偷。根据“caught”可知，原句是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态用
“was/were done”表示，主语是the thief，用was。故填was；caught。
2．They advised us to buy a new car. （主动句改为被动句）__________________________________________
【答案】We were advised to buy a new car.
【详解】
句意：他们建议我们买一辆新车。根据句子结构可知，被动语态的主语为 we, 时态为一般过去时，故答案
为We were advised to buy a new car.
3．They used to cut this material by hand, but now they use a machine. （主动句改为被动句）
___________________________________________
【答案】This material used to be cut by hand, but now a machine is used.
【详解】
句意：他们过去常常有手切东西，但是现在用机器。由句子结构可知，被动语态的主语为 This material和a
machine，动词cut和use，used to do sth.过去常常做某事，改为被动不变，即This material used to be cut by
hand, but now a machine is used.
4．They offered me a pay rise. （主动句改为被动句）
_________________________________________
【答案】I was offered a pay rise/A pay rise was offered to me.
【详解】
句意：他们给我加薪了。主动语态为双宾语，有两种改法，第一种，物做主语，注意主动语态为一般过去
时，改为被动时态一致，若主动语态接双宾语，改为物做主语的被动时，动词要加to，故为A pay rise was
offered to me. 第二种，人做主语，故为 I was offered a pay rise.故答案为I was offered a pay rise./A pay rise
was offered to me.
5．They invited the astronaut and his wife to the party on New Year’s Eve.（改为被动语态）．
The astronaut and his wife __________ ___________ to the party on New Year’s Eve.
【答案】were invited
【详解】
句意：他们邀请宇航员和他的妻子在除夕晚上去参加派对。宇航员和他的妻子在除夕晚上被邀请参加派对。
本句是将主动句变为被动句，主动句They invited the astronaut…是一般过去时，那么此句要变为一般过去
时的被动语态was/were+done；主语是The astronaut and his wife，谓语应用were，故填were invited。
六、完成句子
6．许多年前，不同的作家把这本书翻译成了不同的语言。(translate)
The book ______ different languages by different writers many years ago.
【答案】was translated into【详解】
根据句中“by different writers”及中文句意可知，空格处应填入意为“被翻译成”的短语。be translated into
意为“被翻译成……”，且根据“many years ago”可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语为book，be动词应用
was。故填was translated into。
7．在2016年，霍金被邀请在北京一个重要的会议上讲话。
In 2016, Hawking ________ to speak at an important meeting in Beijing.
【答案】was invited
【详解】
分析句子结构，Hawking（霍金）是主语，这里缺乏谓语“被邀请”；因为 2016年已经过去了，因此句子
时态用一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，霍金是被邀请参加会议的，所以谓语动词要用被动形式：
be+动词的过去分词；Hawking（霍金）是第三人称单数，be动词要用was，邀请“invite”的过去分词是
invited；故填was invited。
8．他们昨天被邀请去分享他们的想法。
They ________ ________ ________ ________ their ideas yesterday.
【答案】were invited to share
【详解】
根据中英文对比可知，英文句子缺少“被邀请去分享”的表达；“邀请”翻译为“invite”，“分享”翻译
为“share”；根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，此句应用一般过去时，且主语“They”和谓语动词“invite”是
被动关系，所以此句应用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语为They，
be动词应用were，所以第一空应填were；谓语动词invite的过去分词为invited，所以第二空应填invited；
根据短语“invite sb.to do sth.（邀请某人做某事）”可知，此处应用不定式 to share作补足语，所以第三空
应填to，第四空应填share。故填were；invited；to；share。
9．小事一桩，不足挂齿。
It’s such a small thing ________.
【答案】that it is not worth mentioning
【详解】
分析句子可知，此句是强调句：It is+强调部分+that+句子；“不足挂齿”即“不值得提及”，be not worth
doing sth.表示 “不值得做某事”，mention 表示“提及”，所以“不足挂齿”译为 it is not worth
mentioning。故填that it is not worth mentioning。
10．毫无疑问，台湾是中国的一部分。
________,Taiwan is part of China.【答案】Beyond doubt/Without doubt
【详解】
毫无疑问 beyond/without doubt，是固定短语，作状语。位于句首首字母要大写，故填 Beyond/Without
doubt。
七、补全对话
A: What do you think is the most useful invention?
B: 1 ．
A: Why do you think so?
B: Because it allows people to talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feelings freely. 2 ．
A: Haha ... I also think it is a great invention. 3 ．
B: Yes. If I don't pass my math exam, I will write “I feel sad today. I didn't pass my math exam.” 4 ． What
about you? What do you like doing on WeChat?
A: I like sharing my birthday party photos, pictures of my new clothes and so on with my friends. It is fun.
B: But sometimes criminals use WeChat. 5 ．
A: That's true. So we should use it properly.
B: I agree.
A．Do you often write anything on WeChat?
B．Then many friends will comfort (安慰) me.
C．WeChat of course.
D．They try to cheat people out of money.
E. It is fast, convenient and fashionable.
【答案】
1．C
2．E
3．A
4．B
5．D
【分析】
对话谈论了一种非常有用的发明——微信。微信在人们的日常生活中得到了广泛的应用。它快捷、方便、
时尚。人们可以自由地与朋友交谈、分享照片、想法和感受。但是犯罪分子也会利用微信来试图骗取人们
的财物，因此我们要正确使用它。
1．句意：当然是微信。根据上文What do you think is the most useful invention？你认为什么是最有用的发明？结合选项可知，应说当然是微信。故答案选C。
2．句意：它快捷、方便、时尚。根据上文Why do you think so？你为什么这么认为？结合选项可知，应说
它快捷、方便、时尚。故答案选E。
3．句意：你经常在微信上写什么吗？根据下文Yes. If I don't pass my math exam, I will write “I feel sad today.
I didn't pass my math exam.”是的，如果我不通过数学考试，我会写“今天感到悲伤。”判断问句是一般疑
问句，结合选项可知，应说你经常在微信上写什么吗？故选A。
4．句意：然后许多朋友会安慰我。根据上文I didn't pass my math exam．我没有通过我的数学考试。结合
选项可知，应说然后许多朋友会安慰我。故答案选B。
5．句意：他们试图骗取钱财。根据上文But sometimes criminals use WeChat但有时犯罪分子利用微信。结
合选项可知，应说他们试图骗人们的钱。故答案选D。
【点睛】
补全对话的特点及解题技巧：补全对话是考查交际会话能力的主要题型。它可考教材中出现的所有交际功
能项目，如打电话，谈论天气，度假，看病，购物等。强调了语境的作用，加大了对语言运用能力的检测
力度。解题中要注意以下几点：
1.通读对话全文，摸清对话发生的地点、时间，人物的身份，对话的内容。
2.理清上下句的逻辑关系，使你填入的话和整篇对话文理通顺，融为一体。答题时, 依据语言环境补全对话，
逐句推敲。
3.符合说英语国家人的习惯。答题时，语言要得体，表达要地道。要注意口语交际中的一些习惯用语，特
别是汉语和英语表达方式的不同，要认真通读对话。
4.应将一些常见情景下经常运用的句型，词组背熟。比如:看病, 问路, 邀请等常规用语。
5.注意空白处的标点。是问号，就应填问句；是句号，就应填陈述句。
八、阅读单选
Let’s look at two old but popular inventions we use in our daily life.
Band-Aids（创可贴）
The first Band-Aid was made by American Earle Dickson in 1921. The idea came to him by chance. Dickson’s
wife Josephine often cut her fingers in the kitchen. At that time gauze（纱布） and adhesive tape（胶带）didn’t
come together. People had to cut them to the right size. Dickson found they were always too big and soon fell off.
So he put a piece of gauze on the center of a piece of tape. This is how he made the first Band-Aid.
Later Dickson’s new inventions became very popular all around the world.
Bubblegum（泡泡糖）
Bubblegum was invented by accident. In 1928, American gum company worker Walter E. Diemer playedaround with new chewing gum recipes. Chewing gum had already been invented more than half a century before
then. But Diemer found that the gum he made was easy to blow. He blew a bubble and then saw the possibilities.
He took some of his new gum to a shop and it sold out in a single afternoon. Since then, Dubble Bubble—the first
brand of bubblegum—has made kids happy all around the world.
1．Josephine often _________ in the kitchen.
A．hurt her fingers B．made bubblegum
C．played with new recipes D．cut gauze to the right size
2．Before the Band-Aid was invented, _________.
A．the gauze and adhesive tape were always small
B．people had to cover the cut with a piece of cloth
C．people had to be careful to cut the gauze quite big
D．people had to cut the gauze and adhesive tape to the right size
3．Bubblegum was invented by an _________.
A．American doctor B．American gum company worker
C．American housewife D．American gum shopkeeper
4．Bubblegum was invented around _________ years after chewing gum was invented.
A．30 B．50 C．80 D．100
5．Diemer’s bubblegum sold out during _________.
A．a day B．a morning C．an afternoon D．two days
【答案】
1．A
2．D
3．B
4．B
5．C
【分析】
文章大意：本文介绍了日常生活中的两项发明——创可贴和泡泡糖。第一个创可贴是在1921年由美国的
Earle Dickson发明的。泡泡糖是于1928年由美国的一家口香糖公司的工人Walter E. Diemer 发明的。
1．细节理解题。根据文中的信息Dickson’s wife Josephine often cut her fingers in the kitchen.可知，Dickson
的妻子Josephine经常在厨房里弄伤手指，故答案选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文中的信息At that time gauze（纱布） and adhesive tape（胶带）didn’t come together.People had to cut them to the right size.可知在创可贴被发明前，人们必须把纱布和胶带剪成合适的尺寸，故
答案选D。
3．细节理解题。根据文中的信息 Bubblegum was invented by accident. In 1928, American gum company
worker Walter E. Diemer played around with new chewing gum recipes.可知泡泡糖是由一个口香糖公司的工人
发明的，故答案选B。
4．推理判断题。根据文中的信息Chewing gum had already been invented more than half a century before then.
可知，口香糖在半个多世纪之前就发明了，所以泡泡糖应是在口香糖发明50年后发明的；故答案选B。
5．细节理解题。根据文中的信息He took some of his new gum to a shop and it sold out in a single afternoon.可
知，Diemer的泡泡糖在一个下午就卖完了，故答案选C。
