姓名： 班级
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?
Section A
本课重点 掌握一般现在时态的被动语态。
学会be made of和be made in的用法
本课难点 一般现在时态的被动语态
常考句型 1. —What is the ring made of? —I think it is made of silver.
2—Where was it made? —It was made in Thailand.
3. —Who were they made by? —They were made by university students.
4. How is tea produced?
一、单项选择
1．—How clean the roads are!
—They ______ by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A．are cleaned B．clean C．will clean
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：——道路多么干净啊！——它们被勤劳的清洁工每天打扫。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“every day”可知，句子是一般现在时，根据“by the hard-working
cleaners”可知，此处要用一般现在时被动语态is/am/are done的结构，故选A。
2．—Every year, millions of plastic bottles ________ away, polluting the land and waterways.
—That’s terrible. We should protect our environment.
A．threw B．are thrown C．have thrown D．were thrown
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：——每年，数以百万计的塑料瓶被丢弃，污染了土地和水道。——那太可怕了。我们应该保护我们
的环境。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“every year”可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语“plastic bottles”与动词
“thrown”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时被动语态is/are/am done的结构，故选B。3．— Lily, cars are increasing very fast nowadays.
— Actually, lots of convenience (方便) ________ for us.
A．provided B．provided C．is provided
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——莉莉，现在汽车数量增长很快。——实际上，它为我们提供了很多便利。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语convenience“方便”和动词provide“提供”之间是被动关系；又根据句意可
知，此处是一般现在时，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为 am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语
convenience是不可数名词，be动词用is，故选C。
4．—I want to know when ______ have a field trip.
—We’ll have it when all the work ______.
A．you are; will finish B．you will; finishes
C．you will; is finished D．you will; is finish
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——我想知道你们什么时候去郊游。——等所有的工作都完成了，我们就去了。
考查动词时态。根据句子结构分析可知，第一句为宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句时态不限，因为郊
游的事情发生在将来，所以从句时态应用一般将来时；第二句为when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将
从现”的原则，所以此从句应为一般现在时，又因为从句主语“all the work”和动词 “finish（完成）”为
被动关系，所以从句应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
5．Today, many winter Olympic sports ________ even by children.
A．enjoyed B．enjoy C．were enjoyed D．are enjoyed
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：今天，许多冬季奥运会项目甚至受到孩子们的喜爱。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Today”可知，是一般现在时，根据“by children”可知，表被动，所以
用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。
6．In the war against covid-4, the Chinese government is making efforts to make sure the vaccine(疫苗) is
________ taken all over the country.
A．hardly B．deeply C．widely
【答案】C【详解】
句意：在对抗新冠疫情的战争中，中国政府正在努力确保疫苗在全国范围内广泛使用。
考查副词。hardly几乎不；deeply深深地；widely广泛地。根据下文“all over the country”可知此处指的是
在全国范围内广泛使用。故选C。
7．— Let’s eat some snacks.
— Better not. Eating ________ in the library.
A．are not allowed B．doesn’t allow C．is not allowed
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——我们吃点零食吧。——最好不要。图书馆内不允许进食。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语Eating是动作allow的承受者，用被动语态，主语是动名词，be动词用
is。故选C。
8．________ he is my favorite singer, I didn’t buy his new CD．
A．If B．Ever since C．Even though D．Because
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：虽然他是我最喜欢的歌手，但我没有买他的新CD。
考查从属连词辨析。if如果；ever since从那时起；even though虽然；because因为。分析“…he is my
favorite singer, I didn’t buy his new CD.”可知，两句话构成让步关系，用even though引导，故选C。
9．Fishing _________ in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.
A．allows B．is allowed C．isn’t allowed D．won’t allow
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：为了保护汉江的生态系统，禁止捕鱼。
考查被动语态。句子主语Fishing与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且这种行为是不被允许的，应用
否定形式，故选C。
10．We can achieve our dream ________ we don’t give up hope in the face of difficulties.
A．even though B．as long as C．so that D．no matter what
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：只要我们在困难面前不放弃希望，我们就能实现梦想。
考查连词辨析。even though尽管；as long as只要；so that以便于；no matter what不管什么。“We canachieve our dream”与“we don’t give up hope in the face of difficulties”是条件关系，只要不放弃，就会实现梦
想，用as long as引导条件状语从句，故选B。
11．Our school library ________ with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxed while studying or reading
there.
A．decorates B．decorated C．is decorated D．was decorating
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：我们学校的图书馆装饰着植物，可爱的书桌和椅子，所以我在那里学习或阅读时感到很放松。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，主语和动词之间是动宾关系，故应用被动语态；结合语境，
应用一般现在时的被动语态，构成形式为：be done；主语“Our school library”是第三人称单数形式，故be
用is；decorate的过去分词是decorated。故选C。
12．Rainbows ________ when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.
A．produce B．produced C．are produced D．were produced
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：当阳光穿过天空中的小水滴时，彩虹就产生了。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语“Rainbows”与动词“produce”之间是被动关系，根据“passes”可知，句子
用一般现在时，故此空应填一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，故选C。
13．My advice on learning English ________.
A．accepted B．is accepted C．accepts D．are accepted
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：我的英语学习建议被接受了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。advice与accept之间是被动关系，即：意见被接受，被动语态结构为 be
done，advice是不可数名词，此处be动词使用is。故选B。
14．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ by people of all ages.
A．will love B．was loved C．is loved D．will be loved
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：孙悟空是中国传统的卡通英雄。今天，他受到了各年龄段人们的喜爱。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语he与动词love之间是被动关系，根据“today”可知，此空应填一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，故选C。
15．The government plans to ________ more jobs for young people in western China.
A．create B．avoid C．borrow D．guess
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：政府计划为中国西部的年轻人创造更多的就业机会。
考查动词辨析。create创造；avoid避免；borrow借；guess猜测。根据空后“more jobs for young people in
western China”可知，应是为中国西部的年轻人创造更多的就业机会。故选A。
二、汉译英
1．无论________________________
2．一个来自上海的男孩___________________________
3．在当地学校里__________________
4．为我妈妈买一个礼物_________________
5．许多其他的东西____________________
6．中国国旗_____________________
7．日常用品______________________
8．在世界各地_____________________________
9．他的购物经历____________________________
10．被…所覆盖___________________
【答案】
1．no matter
2．a boy from Shanghai
3．in the local school
4．buy a present for my mother
5．many other things
6．Chinese national flag
7．everyday things
8．in all parts of the world
9．his shopping experiences
10．be covered by/ with…
【解析】
1．根据汉语短语意思，可知填no matter。2．来自某地from+地点名词；根据汉语短语意思，可知填a boy from Shanghai。
3．当地学校the local school；根据汉语短语意思，可知填in the local school。
4．买个礼物buy a present；根据汉语短语意思，可知填buy a present for my mother。
5．许多many，后接复数名词；其他的东西other things；根据汉语短语意思，可知填many other things。
6．国旗national flag；根据汉语短语意思，可知填Chinese national flag。
7．日常的everyday，根据汉语短语意思，可知填everyday things。
8．世界各地all parts of the world；根据汉语短语意思，可知填in all parts of the world。
9．购物经历shopping experiences；根据汉语短语意思，可知填his shopping experiences。
10．根据汉语短语意思，可知填be covered by/ with…。
三、根据汉语或首字母提示填空
1．As we all know, English is ________（广泛地）used all over the world.
【答案】widely
【详解】
句意：我们都知道，英语在世界各地被广泛使用。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词 widely“广泛地”，故填
widely。
2．People around the world can hardly ________（避免） buying products made in China.
【答案】avoid
【详解】
句意：世界各地的人们都无法避免购买中国制造的产品。avoid避免，用在情态动词can之后，使用动词原
形，故填avoid。
3．Chinese is _____ (广泛地) used in the world these days.
【答案】widely
【详解】
句意：近年来，中文在世界各地被广泛的使用。“广泛地”英文是widely；分析句子可知，“广泛地”修
饰动词used，因此用副词。故填widely。
4．Computers are ________（广泛地）used in different fields.
【答案】widely
【详解】
句意：计算机广泛应用于各个领域。use是动词，需用副词修饰；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填
widely。
5．All the students are _______(要求)to get to school on time.【答案】required
【详解】
句意：所有的学生都被要求按时到校。根据句子结构判断，此句是一般现在时态的被动语态，缺少动词的
过去分词形式，故答案为required。
6．The dentist advises we brush the teeth carefully to protect the s________ of them.
【答案】(s)urfaces
【详解】
句意：牙医建议我们仔细刷牙以保护牙齿表面。根据“The dentist advises we brush the teeth carefully to
protect the s…of them.”可知，此处指牙齿表面，可用surface表示，根据“them”可知，此处应用名词复数形
式，故填(s)urfaces。
7．Tony didn’t look at my eyes all day. Maybe I should a________ mentioning his lovely dog’s death because of
his carelessness.
【答案】(a)void
【详解】
句意：托尼一整天都没看我的眼睛。也许我应该避免提及他可爱的狗因为他的粗心而死亡。根据“his
lovely dog’s death because of his carelessness”可推出提到狗的死亡托尼会难过，根据“a... mentioning”可知此
处用avoid doing sth.表示“避免做某事”，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填(a)void。
8．The song is w________ used in different events or celebrations.
【答案】(w)idely
【详解】
句意：这首歌被广泛用于不同的事件或庆祝活动。分析句子可知，空处应填副词修饰动词 used；根据句意
和首字母提示可知，此处用widely表示“广泛地”，副词。故填(w)idely。
9．You should learn more l________ customs when you go to a new place.
【答案】local
【详解】
句意：当你去一个新地方时，你应该多了解当地的风俗习惯。根据时间状语从句“when you go to a new
place.”和首字母提示可知，空处的词应是local，当地的，形容词，作定语。故填local。
10．C________ clothing allows your skin to breathe.
【答案】Cotton
【详解】
句意：棉质服装能使皮肤透气。空格处应该作定语修饰名词。根据“allows your skin to breathe”和首字母提示可知，棉质服装能使皮肤透气。空格处应该填表示材质的“棉花，棉布”,可以用cotton表示。位于句首
首字母要大写。故填Cotton。
四、选词填空
novel; thanks to; describe; five; with;
health; had better not do; invent; be away; draw
1．Qian Zhongshu is one of the most famous ________ in China, and he was also a great teacher as well.
2．Since Chinese people first set their kites into the air 500 years ago, with the development of society, people
________ all kinds of kites.
3．Every ancient culture from Egypt to China depended on salt. Even today, the hard-working and useful people
________ as “the salt of the earth”.
4．Betty’s mum is a kids’ presenter, and she looks young and active. It’s hard to imagine she is already in her
________.
5．Garbage Classification can reduce environmental pollution and plays an important role in building a clean
world. It can make a better and ________ life.
6．If you’re used to cleaning your plate, you ________ so when dining in Colombia. It’s considered rude to leave
an empty plate. Because it shows that your host didn’t give you enough food.
7．—I heard the Smiths’ seagoing vacation came true at last.
—A dream can’t came true ________ years of planning and hard work.
8．________ the technology and digital development, people can show all kinds of things on the Internet which are
based on their interests, such as good food, nice clothes and so on.
9．Peter’s parents sent him to study in Germany last year. He ________ for more than eight months.
10．The most valuable item on show will be a Picasso ________.
【答案】
1．novelists
2．have invented
3．are described
4．fifties
5．healthier
6．had better not do
7．without
8．Thanks to9．has been away
10．drawing
【分析】
1．句意：钱钟书是中国最著名的小说家之一，也是一位伟大的老师。根据“Qian Zhongshu is one of the
most famous…in China,”及结合备选词汇可知，钱钟书是中国最著名的小说家之一，此处使用“小说家”符
合语境；one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”； novel小说，名词；小说家：
novelist，其复数为novelists。故填novelists。
2．句意：自从500年前中国人第一次把风筝放上天空以来，随着社会的发展，人们发明了各种各样的风筝。
根据“Since Chinese people first set their kites into the air 500 years ago,”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结
构为have/has+动词的过去分词。分析备选词汇可知，此处使用invent，表示“发明”，即人们发明了各种
各样的风筝，符合语境。主语people为第三人称复数，助动词使用have，invent的过去分词是invented。
故填have invented。
3．句意：从埃及到中国的每一个古代文化都依赖盐。即使在今天，勤劳、有用的人还被描述为“社会中
坚”。根据语境可知，句子使用被动语态，其构成为 be+动词的过去分词；分析备选词汇可知，此处使用
describe，表示“描述”符合语境；be described as被描述为。根据“today”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，
即一般现在时的被动语态；主语people为第三人称复数，be动词使用are。故填are described。
4．句意：贝蒂的妈妈是一名儿童节目主持人，她看起来既年轻又活跃。很难想象她已经五十多岁。分析
备选词汇可知，five，表示“五”；根据“Betty’s mum”可知，贝蒂的妈妈不可能五岁，只能是五十岁；五
十：fifty；in one’s fifties某人五十多岁。故填fifties。
5．句意：垃圾分类可以减少环境污染，对建设一个清洁的世界起到重要作用。它可以创造一个更好和更
健康的生活。根据“It can make a better and…life.”及结合备选词汇可知，它可以创造一个更好和更健康的
生活。此处使用“更健康”符合语境，并列连词and连接的两个单词，词性、形式一致，better为good的
比较级；health健康，名词，其形容词为healthy，健康的，其比较级为healthier。故填healthier。
6．句意：在哥伦比亚，如果你习惯于把盘子洗干净，那么吃饭时最好不要这么做。留下空盘子被认为是
不礼貌的。因为这说明主人给的饭不够。根据语境可知，吃饭时最好不要这么做，此处使用 had better not
do sth.表示“最好不要做某事”符合语境；故填had better not do。
7．句意：——我听说史密斯一家的航海假期终于实现了。——没有多年的计划和努力，梦想是不可能实
现的。根据“A dream can’t came true…years of planning and hard work.”可知，没有多年的计划和努力，梦
想是不可能实现的。此处表示“没有”符合语境；分析备选词汇可知，with表示“有”；“没有”是
without。故填without。8．句意：由于技术和数字的发展，人们可以在互联网上显示各种各样的东西，这是基于他们的兴趣，如
好吃的食物，漂亮的衣服等等。根据“…the technology and digital development, people can show all kinds of
things on the Internet…”及结合备选词汇可知，由于技术和数字的发展，人们可以在互联网上显示各种各样
的东西，此处使用thanks to，表示“由于”符合语境；句首首字母大写。故填Thanks to。
9．句意：彼得的父母去年送他去德国学习。他已经离家八个多年月了。根据句中的“for more than eight
months.”可知，此处使用be away，表示“离开”，符合语境；且句子时态为现在完成时，其构成为：
have/has+动词的过去分词；主语he是第三人称单数，助动词使用has，be的过去分词为been。故填has
been away。
10．句意：展出的最有价值的物品将是毕加索的一幅画。根据句中的“The most valuable item on show”及
结合选项可知，展出的最有价值的物品是毕加索的一幅画，此处使用 draw的名词形式drawing，表示
“画”符合语境，由a可知，空处用单数形式。故填drawing。
五、改写句子
1．They pay us very badly. （主动句改为被动句）
__________________________________________
【答案】We are paid very badly.
【详解】
句意：他们给我们的报酬很低。由句子结构可知，被动的主语为 We，宾语为them, 谓语动词为pay改为被
动，are paid，故答案为We are paid very badly.
2．People say that he is a driver. （主动句改为被动句）
___________________________________________
【答案】He is said to be a driver./ It is said that he is a driver.
【详解】
句意：人们说他是一名司机。根据句子结构可知主动句为宾语从句，谓语动词是say，故改为被动有两种，
第一种人做主语，时态为一般现在时，答案为He is said to be a driver. 第二种it做形式主语，指代宾语从句，
即It is said that he is a driver.
3．Does Jessie often sing these pop songs?（改成被动语态）
________ these pop songs often ________ by Jessie?
【答案】Are sung
【详解】
句意：杰西经常唱这些流行歌曲吗？根据“Does Jessie often sing these pop songs?”可知这里句子时态是一般
现在时，改成被动语态，需要注意一般现在时的被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词；这里主语是popsongs，复数，be动词用are。故填Are；sung。
4．They sell this food in natural food stores throughout North America.（改为被动语态）
This food ________ ________ in natural food stores throughout North America.
【答案】is sold
【详解】
句意：他们在北美各地的天然食品店出售这种食品。要求变为被动语态，要用原句的宾语 this food作主语，
原句是一般现在时，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语是不可数名
词，be动词用is，sell的过去分词是sold，故填is；sold。
5．Drivers mustn’t park their cars on yellow lines at any time.（改成句意相同）
Drivers ________ ________ to park their cars on yellow lines at any time.
【答案】aren’t allowed
【详解】
句意： 司机任何时候都不能把车停在黄线上。mustn’t do sth.，禁止干某事，也可以替换成：be not
allowed to do sth.，不允许干某事；句子是一般现在时，主语“Drivers”是复数形式，故be用are，are和not
缩写为aren’t。故填aren’t；allowed。
六、完成句子
1．只有博览群书，我们才能增长知识、开阔眼界。
Only by ________ ________ can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.
【答案】reading widely
【详解】
通过中英文句子对照可知，英文句子中需要翻译的部分是“博览群书”，即“广泛地阅读”，英文表达用
read widely，read是动词，因此用副词widely修饰；且by为介词，后接动词的-ing形式；故填reading；
widely。
2．李琳给朋友送了一个红色的杯子作为礼物。
Li Lin gave her friend ____________ as a present.
【答案】a red cup/a red glass
【详解】
red“红色的”，形容词作定语修饰名词cup或glass“杯子”；表泛指，且red是以辅音音素开头的单词，用
不定冠词a表示“一个”，故填a red cup/glass。
3．医生告诉我们要避免吃太多糖。
Doctors told us to ________ ________ too much sugar.【答案】avoid eating
【详解】
根据中英文对比可知，英文句子中缺少“避免吃”的表达，“避免”翻译为“avoid”，“吃”翻译为
“eat”；根据短语“tell sb. to do sth.（告诉某人做某事）”可知，此处应用动词不定式作宾补，to已在句中
出现，所以第一空应填动词原形avoid；又根据短语“avoid doing sth.（避免做某事） ”可知，avoid后应
接动名词作宾语，所以第二空应填eat的动名词形式eating。故填avoid；eating。
4．根据新规定，学生不被允许携带个人手机进入课室。
According to the new rule, students ________ ________ ________ ________ bring personal mobile phones into
the classrooms.
【答案】are not allowed to
【详解】
被允许做某事be allowed to do sth.，此处是被动语态；根据“According to the new rule,”可知是一般现在时，
主语“students”后接be动词are，其后加not表示“不”。故填are not allowed to。
5．学生不允许带手机回校。
Students _________ _________ _________ _________ bring mobile phones to school.
【答案】are not allowed to
【详解】
短语be allowed to do sth.“被允许去做某事”；根据语境可知用否定形式，直接在be动词后加not，主语是
students是复数形式，be动词用are，故填are not allowed to。
七、阅读单选
“Homestay” is a form of study abroad program. It allows the visitor to rent a room from a local (当地的)
family to better understand the local lifestyle. It also helps to improve the visitor’s language ability, ” said a teacher
during a school meeting last term. “Students who wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign
experience should join this kind of holiday. I am sure you won’t be disappointed (失望的). ”
After this special meeting, I always thought about this kind of holiday. Last month, I had a chance at last to go
on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates and we went to London, a place where I had wanted to go since
years ago.
As we were still young, we had a group leader who planned things for us and looked after us. After we got to
London, we went to stay with different families. I was lucky that my host family (寄宿家庭) was a white couple
who had a daughter about my age. They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there. They were
interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from them, too.The holiday was filled with activities every day. After breakfast, a local teacher would come to take us in his
car. Then we would have classes or go on a sight-seeing trip to different places of interest like the Big Ben, the
London Bridge, and the Buckingham Palace. We would go back to our own homes after the activities.
The holiday was a valuable experience for me. I enjoyed every minute of it. Yet, time really flew fast. Three
weeks later, we had to leave “home” for Hong Kong.
1．In the “homestay” program, a visitor can .
A．learn more about holidays
B．understand his culture better
C．improve the language ability
D．take part in foreign meetings
2．The writer had wanted to visit London since .
A．last month B．years ago
C．the special meeting D．her stay abroad
3．The group leader should .
A．make plans for the family
B．take care of the students
C．stay with different families
D．rent rooms to the students
4．The writer’s host family .
A．was very kind to her
B．went sight-seeing with her
C．had two white daughters
D．was interested in her activities
5．From the passage, we know that the writer in London.
A．wished to stay a little longer
B．spent three weeks in her home
C．had classes in many interesting places
D．helped the teacher take the students in a car
【答案】
1．C
2．B3．B
4．A
5．A
【分析】
短文大意：在国外游学选择什么样的寄宿方式？选择去当地居民家里住是一个不错的选择。作者一直想要
这样的机会，终于上个月和一些同学一起去了伦敦。他们住在不同的家庭里，而作者选择的家庭让他学到
了很多。每天都有各种各样的活动和出游。然而三个星期很快就过去了，这成了他宝贵的回忆。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段的It also helps to improve the visitor’s language ability.可知这也有助于提高
游客的语言能力，所以选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段的and we went to London, a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.可
知我们去了伦敦，自数年前以来我一直想去的一个地方。所以选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段开头As we were still young, we had a group leader who planned things for us and
looked after us.可知领队应该照顾学生，所以选B。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段的They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there.可知在
我呆在那里时他们把我当作他们家的女儿。 所以选A。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段The holiday was a valuable experience for me. I enjoyed every minute of it. Yet,
time really flew fast. Three weeks later, we had to leave “home” for Hong Kong. 可知作者在伦敦过得很愉快。
所以选A。
