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阅读理解
解题技巧
英语阅读理解主要考查学生在阅读过程中获取和处理信息的能力以及对阅读策略的掌握情况。阅读理
解共四篇，内容涉及经济、文化、科技、生活等诸多领域；体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文以及各种应
用文。中考阅读理解的题型主要包括细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题以及主旨大意题。
阅读理解分类训练
故事记叙文类
训练一
A long time ago,there was an old man. He had two sons, Qing Shan and Hong Shan. The old man gave East
Mountain to Qing Shan and West Mountain to Hong Shan.
There were many trees in West Mountain. Hong Shan worked hard all day to cut down trees for firewood.
Five years later,there were not many trees in the mountain,so he started to plant crops(庄稼）。 Unluckily, a
heavy rain washed away all the crops. He had nothing to eat and had to go to his brother in East Mountain.
There were only a few trees in East Mountain at first,but Qing Shan had a plan. He first cut down the trees of
spoor quality and then planted some trees. He planted crop sand fed cows and horses,too. Five years later,there
were many trees,crops,cows, sheep and horses in the mountain. The heavy rain couldn't wash away the crops
because of the trees in the mountain.
Later people praised Qing Shan,saying, "As long as the green mountain is there,there is no need to worry
about firewood. ”
( )1.Qing Shan and Hong Shan were given _________ each.
A.a mountain B.many crops C.a few trees
( )2. Qing Shan and Hong Shan were both_______ according to the passage.
A.hard-working B.intelligent C.lucky
( )3. Why did they have different endings when the heavy rain came?
A. Qing Shan didn't cut down any trees.
B. Hong Shan didn't think more about the future.
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C. There were more trees in East Mountain at first.
（ ）4. The underlined word"quality" means________according to the passage.
A. 人品 B. 数量 C. 质量
（ ）5. The story teaches us a lesson that ________.
A.where there is life,there is hope
B.planting trees is the most important
C.we shouldn't make changes for the future
答案：AABCA
解析：
本文是一则寓言故事，主要通过青山和红山的故事告诉我们：留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
1. A细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“The old man gave East Mountain to Qing Shan and West Mountain to
Hong Shan. ”可知A项符合题意。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hong Shan worked hard all day to cut down trees for firewood. ”和第三段
中的“There were only a few trees in East Mountain at first,but Qing Shan had a plan. . . ”可知红山和青山都很
辛勤。故选A.
3.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hong Shan worked hard all day to cut down trees for firewood. Five years
later,there were not many trees in the mountain,so he started to plant crops. Unluckily,a heavy rain washed away
all the crops. ”及第三段中的“。 . . Qing Shan had a plan. He first cut down the trees of poor quality and then
planted some trees. He planted crops and fed cows and horses,too.Five years later,there were many
trees,crops,cows,sheep and horses in the mountain. ”可知，红山没有为未来做打算，而青山是有计划的，他只
砍了质量差的树木，然后种了一些树，还种了庄稼，饲养了牛和马。故选B.
4.C 词义猜测题。根据原文中的“He first cut down the trees of poor quality and then planted some trees. ”可推
测他砍的是质量差的树，然后又种了一些树，故quality意为“质量”，故选C.
5. A主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“As long as the green mountain is there,there is no need to worry about
firewood. (留得青山在，不怕没柴烧）”可知选A.
训练二
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One day, Tom's teacher, Miss Mark, held a class meeting. "There will be a flag day next Saturday. Does
anyone want to join in this meaningful event(公开活动）？” asked Miss Mark. Tom was interested in raising
money for homeless children,but he was not brave enough to talk to strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat.
＂Tom,you haven't sold flags before, " said Miss Mark suddenly. "Would you like to have a try? " Tom was
hesitant(犹豫的），but he finally nodded.
On the flag day, Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. "Ex-cuse me. Could y-o-u pl-ea-se buy...?” said
Angela softly to the first person she met. The man smiled and put five dollars into Angela's collection bag. Then
she said thanks and put a flag under his shoulder. “I did it!”said Angela happily. "It's your turn now. ”
Feeling nervous, Tom began to shake. Soon,he saw a young lady walking towards him. The lady was smiling
and holding a few coins in her hand. She asked,"Are you selling flags for Fund for the Homeless Children? "
Tom's face became red and said yes. Then the lady made the donation(捐赠）and Tom gave her a flag. "You
made it!"laughed Angela.
In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. At last,their collection bags
were so heavy that they had to hold them with both arms.They felt very proud.
（ ）1. Why did Tom keep quiet in his seat?
A. He had other plans. B. He didn't like Miss Mak.
C. He was not interested in the event. D. He was not brave enough to talk to strangers.
（ ）2. When Miss Mark asked Tom to have a try,he finally________.
A.laughed B.nodded C.refused D.cried
（ ）3. Where did Tom and Angela sell flags?
A. In a busy street. B. In their school.
C. In a tall building. D. In a small garden.
（ ）4. How much did the first man pay Angela for the flag?
A. Five dollars. B. Ten dollars. C. Fifteen dollars.
（ ）5. How did Tom and Angela feel after they sold the flags?
A. Bored. B. Shy. C. Confident. D.Sad.
答案：DBAAC
解析：
本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了汤姆和安杰拉在大街上售卖旗帜，筹集资金的故事。
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1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“but he was not brave enough to talk to strangers,so he kept quiet
in his seat”可知，这是因为他不够勇敢。故选D.
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Tom was hesitant,buthe finally nodded. ”可知，汤姆最后同意了。故
选B.
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段首句“On the flag day,Tom andAngela sold flags in a busy street. ”可知，他们在
一个繁忙的大街上售卖旗帜。故选A.
4.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The man smiled and putfive dollars into Angela's collection bag. ”可知，
这个人付了五美元。故选A.
5.C 推理判断题。根据短文最后一句“They felt very proud.”可知，卖完旗帜以后，他们感觉很骄傲。由此
推知，他们感到自信。故选C.
训练三
Danny is 12 years old. He comes from France. He has a small family with many pets(宠物）。 He has a big
house and big garden so there is enough space for all animals.
Everyone in his family likes to collect things. His father, David,has a collection of toy cars. He loves his toy
cars. His mother, Jennifer,has a collection of kitchen utensils(用具）。 She has old microwaves, old plates and
many other small things. His brother,Jonah,has a collection of model planes. Danny himself collects things too.
He has a collection of pens. He has all kinds of pens.He has also got pens from old times. They are very expensive.
So everyone in the family collects something different,but there is one thing in common,that is,collecting animals!
They have many animals:dogs,cats,ducks,chickens,rabbits, fish and even a horse! They love them very much. The
house is like a zoo. It is wonderful!
（ ）1. Where does Danny come from?
A. America. B.France. C. China.. D. Russia.
（ ）2. What does Danny's father collect?
A. Pens. B. Model planes. C. Old plates. D. Toy cars.
（ ）3. Which animals don't Danny's family have?
A. Dogs. B. Cats. C. Rabbits. D. Monkeys
（ ）4. Which is TRUE about Danny's family?
A. They have a large house. B. They have a large and wonderful zoo.
C. They only like collecting pets. D. They only collect the same thing.
（ ）5. What's the best title for the passage?
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A. The pets of Danny's family B. The family members of Danny
C. The collections of Danny's family D. Danny's big house
答案：BDDAC
解析：
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子“Danny is 12 years old.He comes from France. ”可知选项B为正确答
案。2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His father,David,has a collection of toy cars. ”可知选项D为正确答
案。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They have many animals:dogs,cats,ducks,chickens,rabbits,fish and even a
horse!”可知选项D为正确答案。
4.A 细节理解题。通读全文可知：他们家有一所大房子，一个大花园，没有动物园；他们喜欢收集很多种
东西，而不仅仅是宠物；他们收藏的东西不同。故选项A为正确答案。
5.C 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Danny家的收藏，因此选项C可以作为短文题目。
说明文类
训练一
The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life
today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago,but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest
problems is pollution. Pollution is the process of making things dirty.Pollution comes in many ways. We see it,
smell it,drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people there are,the more pollution there is. Many years ago,the
problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was
dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true.
Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.Air pollution is still the most serious. It's bad for all living
things in the world,but it is not the only kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking
water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.They stop people from burning coal in houses and
factories in the city,and from putting dirty smoke into the air.Pollution by sulfur dioxide (SO2) is now the most
dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people
driving,there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land,water and air clean. And we
must pay attention to the rise in pollution at the same time.
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（ ）1. According to the passage,____________，our world is becoming much smaller.
A.because of the rise in pollution
B.thanks to the science development
C.because the earth is being polluted day and night
D.because the earth is blown away by the wind every year
（ ）2. Hundreds of years ago,life was_________ than it is today.
A.as easy as B.much easier than C.as hard as D.much harder
（ ）3. In Paragraph 1, the underlined word "it" means__________.
A.rubbish B.noise pollution C.air pollution D.water pollution
（ ）4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.
B. The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the world population does.
C. The problem of the pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people living on earth.
D. If people could go to work by bus or by bike rather than by car or by motorbike,it would be helpful
infighting against the problem of SO2.
答案：BDBC
解析：
在当今世界，污染问题已经成为人类不容忽视的严重问题。地球是我们的家园，我们人类应该减少污
染，保护好我们赖以生存的家园。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段首句“The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and
modern communication means. ”可知，由于现代化的交通和现代化的交流方式，世界正变得更小。故选B.
2.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago”可知，
几百年前的生活比今天的生活更困难。故选D.
3.B 推理判断题。根据画线词所在句的上文“Pollution comes inmany ways. ”以及下文提到的“Noise
pollution”可推断画线词it指的是“噪声污染”。故选B.
4.C 根据文中的“One of the biggest problems is pollution.”＂Themore people there are,the more pollution there
is. ”等内容可知C项表述错误，故选C.
训练二
Lots of people feel sad during winter because there's less sunlight.
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Do you feel down more often during the winter months? If so,you might have winter depression(抑郁症）。
It's also known to doctors as seasonal affective disorder（SAD,季节性情感障碍）。
SAD usually starts in fall or winter and ends in spring or early summer. As the weather gets colder and the
days get shorter,you feel more tired,sleepier and even hopeless at times.
However,we still don't know the exact reason for SAD. Some scientists think that hormone changes(荷尔蒙
变化）can cause this kind of depression, CBS News reported. During winter, it stays dark outside for much of
the day. This causes the brain to make more melatonin(褪黑激素）。 This hormone makes you feel sleepy and
less excited.
Getting more sunlight is the best way to deal with(应付）SAD. Doctors say people should spend some time
outside every day during the winter. "Light therapy(疗法）”，or using special lamps at home to simulate(模仿）
natural light, can also help. But if you still feel deeply depressed,you should go to a doctor.
（ ）1. Why do many people feel sad during winter?
A. Because there's more sunlight. B. Because there's no sunlight.
C. Because there's less sunlight. D. Because there's too much sunlight.
（ ）2. When does SAD usually start?
A. In spring. B. In spring or early summer. C. In summer. D. In autumn or winter.
（ ）3. The meaning of the underlined word "cause"is__________.in Chinese.
A. 唤醒 B. 激励 C. 引起 D. 获得
（ ）4. More melatonin makes you feel_________.
A.sleepy and more excited .B.sleepy and less excited
C.less sleepy and excited D.sad and tired
（ ）5. The best way to deal with SAD is__________.
A.getting more melatonin B.spending more time outside
C.getting less sunlight D.getting more sunlight
答案：CDCBD
解析：
本文主要介绍了季节性情感障碍的形成原因及应对方式。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段“Lots of people feel sad duringwinter because there's less sunlight. ”可知，很多
人在冬天感到悲伤是因为阳光更少了。
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2.D 细节理解题。根据“SAD usually starts in fall or winter...”可知，SAD通常开始于秋天或冬天。fall与
autumn同义。故选D.
3.C 词义猜测题。根据“However,we still don't know the exact reason for SAD. Some scientists think. . . ”可知，
我们仍然不知道患SAD的确切原因，但是一些科学家对引起SAD的原因进行了合理推测。故选C.
4.B 细节理解题。根据“This hormone makes you feel sleepy and less excited. ”可知，这种激素，即褪黑激素，
会让你感到困倦和不那么兴奋。故选B.
5.D 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Getting more sunlight isthe best way to deal with SAD. ”可知，得到更
多的阳光是应付季节性情感障碍最好的方法。故选D.
训练三
Weather is all around us. Weather may be one of the first things you see after you wake up. If it is cold and
snowy,you'll wear a jacket when you go outside. If it's hot and sunny,you may wear shorts. Sounds easy,right? But
what is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather talks about something outdoors in some place at some time. Weather tells us something from minute
to minute. Weather can change a lot in a very short time.Weather is what we hear about on the television news
every night.
Climate talks about the typical(一贯的）weather conditions in a given place. Climate tells us what it's
usually like in the place where you live. San Diego is known for having a mild climate, Buffalo a snowy
climate,and Seattle a rainy climate. How would you describe(描述）the climate where you live?
（ ）1. The passage is about the difference between__________.
A.weather and climate B.spring and autumn C.cold and hot weather D.fine and bad weather
（ ）2. When you tell others it'll be rainy tomorrow,you talk about__________.
A.weather B.time C.dates D.climate
（ ）3. When you know Buffalo is usually snowy,you know something about_________.
A.the day B.climate C.the year D.the month
（ ）4. Which of the following describes weather?
A. Winter is very cold. B. Summer is very hot.
C. Hainan isn't cold in winter. D. It's very cloudy today.
（ ）5. Which one is TRUE according to this passage?
A. Climate is about the weather of a year.
B. Climate is something you can see after you wake up.
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C. Climate is changeable in a short time.
D. The climate of Seattle is snowy.
答案：AABDA
解析：
本文主要介绍了天气和气候的区别。
1. A细节理解题。根据文中句子“But what is the difference between weather and climate?”以及后面对
weather和 climate的介绍可知选A.
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的叙述“Weather talks about something outdoors in some place at some time. ”
可知，谈论某个地方短时间内的下雨、下雪等是谈论天气。故选A.
3.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的叙述“Climate talks about the typical weather conditions in a given place. ”
可知谈论一个特定的地方一贯的天气情况是谈论气候。故选B.
4.D 细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段的描述可知天气是指短时间的天气情况，气候是常年的天气情况。
故选D.
5.A 细节理解题。根据第三段尤其是第一句的描述可知选A.
期末真题练练手
广东省广州市黄埔区2020-2021学年八年级上学期英语期末试卷
第一节 阅读下列三篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
(A)
Joseph Sekar is a 62-year-oId man in India. He feeds thousands of parrots every day. And he has earned
himself the nickname “birdman”.
Joseph always left small amounts of rice on his roof. The neighbor sparrows and squirrels often came to eat
them. One day two parrots flew in and fed themselves some rice. The birds not only relurned the following day, but
also brought along other hungry friends. Today about 2,000 to 4,000 beautiful parrots visit the birdman twice a day!
Joseph does not feed the birds raw rice. He cooks them! This means that the amazing man gets up at 4:30
a.m. every morning and spends over an hour making the breakfast. He then spreads the rice across 14 wooden
planks（厚木板）on his roof.
The breakfast rush begins at about 6:00 a.m. when the beautiful parrots fly in and continues until every last
grain of the delicious rice is gone! The action is repeated in the afternoon when the birds arrive around 4:00 p.m.
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and stay for almost two hours. Besides feeding them, the superhero also takes in sick or injured birds and nurses
them back to health.
Of course, feeding so many birds is not a cheap job. Joseph, a camera repairman, now spends 40% of his
income feeding the birds. The generous man says all of his actions come of a sense of love.
Though Joseph has not any plans to stop it now, he does worry about what will happen to the beautiful birds
as he gets older and is unable to continue.
21. At first, Joseph left some rice on his roof for ______.
A. some beautiful parrots he kept as pets
B. the sparrows and squirrels in the neighborhood
C. two parrots which flew in one day
D. other hungry parrots that returned the following day
22. Every morning it takes Joseph over an hour to ______.
A. buy the raw rice at the market B. exercise on his roof
C. cook the rice D. spread the rice across the blanks
23. People can probably see parrots eating on Joseph’s roof ______.
A. before 4:30 a.m. B. from 4:30 a.m. to 6:00 a.m.
C. from 4:30 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. D. at 12:00
24. What does Joseph worry about?
A. Too many parrots will come to him.
B. He gets up too early and it makes very tired.
C. He can not repair cameras any more.
D. No one will take his place to feed the parrots.
25. In the writer’s opinion, Joseph Sekar is a ______ person.
A. quiet B. strict C. kind D. boring
(B)
Every morning, my father buys a newspaper on his way to work. Every day, I open my books in class and
start my lessons. Every evening, my mother reads magazines at home. And every night, I look at the photos of
David Beckham and Yao Ming on the wall in my bedroom before I go to sleep. Can you imagine the life without
paper or printing?
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Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago in China. After it was invented, people started to write on paper
to make books. In those days, books were only produced by hand. So there were not many books, and they were
expensive. Only a few people had the chance to read books.
Printing was invented in China during the Sui and Tang Dynasties (朝代). The development of printing made
it possible to produce books more quickly and cheaply. More and more people can read books. Knowledge and
ideas spread (传播) faster than before.
The Internet was created in the twentieth century. Although the Internet is still young, it is growing very fast
and becomes powerful. A much larger amount of information can be stored in different forms on the Internet. We
can find it much more easily than that in books.
Nowadays computers and the Internet are used in classrooms, and newspapers and magazines can be also read
online. Will there be paper and printing in the future? Let’s wait and see.
26. Why does the writer talk about his family’s activities in the first paragraph?
A. To talk about the kinds of paper.
B. To show how his/her family loves paper.
C. To show that paper is better than the Internet.
D. To give examples about the importance of paper.
27. In ancient China, more people could read books because ___________.
A. Internet was created at that time
B. more people liked writing books
C. the ways of printing books developed
D. knowledge and ideas spread faster than before
28. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the fourth paragraph?
A. Information. B. Form. C. Internet. D. Book.
29. According to the fourth paragraph, Internet is___________.
A. difficult and grows slowly B. powerful but difficult to use
C. young and small D. young and powerful
30. What’s the best title of this passage?
A. Internet is better than books. B. What will happen in the future?
C. Will Internet replace(代替)books? D. The history of paper and printing.
(C)
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Do you know any exciting computer games that are also educational? Malmo Software has four new games
that will surprise you.
Space Pirate
It lets you go through the Galaxy（银河系）on your own starship. You will find interesting stars and learn
science along the way.
Crazy Cooking
In Crazy Cooking, you can choose meat and vegetables, cook them in your video kitchen and ask your friends
to eat with you. At the same time, you will learn Maths by working with lots of numbers and measurements（测
量）.
Time Machine
It lets you go back to any time to see what it was like. You can find out almost all things you want to know.
You can meet George Washington or study a map with Columbus.
Word Search
It takes you on a trip through the English language — where it began, who started it, and why something is
different now. On your trip, you will learn new words and their spellings.
Each of these new games costs only＄15.95. Besides, you can buy three and get one for free! These are the
best new games! They will give you lots of fun, and you’ll learn many things from them. So don’t wait! Go to the
shop now!
31. According to the passage, we can learn ______ by Crazy Cooking.
A. Science B. Maths C. English D. Geography
32. You need to pay ______ if you want to get four games.
A. ＄15.95 B. ＄31.9 C. ＄47.85 D. ＄63.8
33. If John is interested in history, he can buy ______.
A. Space Travel B. Crazy Cooking
C. Time Machine D. Word Search
34. The writer writes this passage to ______.
A. give information about computer games
B. tell readers how these games work
C. ask readers to buy computer games
D. help readers play computer games
35. The writer thinks that the computer games mentioned（提及的）in the passage are ______.
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A. fun and helpful B. harmful and useless
C. interesting but useless D. helpful but old
答案：21-25 BCCDC 26-30 DCADC 31-35 BCCAA
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