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X4 Unit1 复习导学案（一）
【学习目标】
1. Read famous science fiction.
2. Write a sci-fi short story.
【必备单词】
1． n．预约；约会；委任→appoint vt.任命；委派→appointed adj.指定的；约定的
2． adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n．犯罪；过失；内疚
3． vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n．宣布
4． adj.每周的 n．周刊→week n．星期
5． vt.计算；核算；预测→calculation n．计算；预测，推测
6． n．分开；分隔；分歧；差异；除(法)→divide vt.划分；分开
7． n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.紧急的→urgency n．
紧急
8． vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n．爆炸；爆破；突增
9． n．泥；泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的
【必备短语】
1． 检验；测试
2． 更像是；更接近
3． 根据；以……的方式(基准)
4． 事物的利与弊；支持与反对
5． 比……更好；更胜一筹
6． 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
7． 与……冲突或抵触
8． 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
9． (逐渐)减少；消失
10． 有强烈的欲望
【小试牛刀】
1．The young man often comes to work late, so his boss has decided to ________(解雇)him.
2．The woman had to hurry home at fast ________(步速) so that she could get home earlier.
3．The boy got his dog to ________(去取) his bag for him at home.
4．Within a second, the car ________(爆炸) and it soon got on fire.
5．I’ll have to ________(计算) how much time it will take me to finish my homework.
6．They had to ________(延迟) the sports meeting due to the heavy rain.
7．The scientific team ________(进行) a research on the mineral resources in this area.
8．Tom is ________(优于) to all of his classmates in terms of his science lessons.9．This may have been an improvement, but “breakthrough” was an ________(夸张)．
10．All the children had an ________(冲动) to have a try in person.
X4 Unit1 复习导学案（二）
【学习目标】
1. Read famous science fiction.
2. Write a sci-fi short story.
【语法指导: 复习被动语态】
一、各种时态的被动语态形式
项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/ are done am/is/are being done has/have been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done / shall/will have been done
◆The children are asked to clean their room every day.
孩子们被要求每天打扫房间。(一般现在时的被动语态)
◆The work will have been finished by the end of next month.
到下个月底前这项工作将会完成。(将来完成时的被动语态)
◆Due to the human activities, many animals are being killed and their habitats are being damaged.
由于人类活动，许多动物正在被杀害，而且它们的栖息地正在遭到破坏。(现在进行时的被动语态)
◆I received the sad news that he had been killed in a terrible accident.
我得知了这个不幸的消息，说他在一场可怕的事故中丧生。(过去完成时的被动语态)
二、主动形式表示被动意义
1．主动语态表示被动意义
(1)连系动词如look、sound、smell、feel、taste、remain、seem、hear、appear、prove等后接表语时，一般
用主动形式表示被动意义。
◆The food tastes delicious. 这种食物尝起来美味可口。
(2)当wash、write、sell、open、close、shut、lock、cook、cut等不及物动词后加副词easily、well等时，通
常用主动形式表示被动意义。
◆The science fiction written by her sells very well. 她写的科幻小说很畅销。
(3)“need、want、require、deserve等＋doing”用主动形式表示被动意义。
◆This ladder wants/requires/needs repairing/to be repaired. 这个梯子需要修理。
(4)“be worth doing＝be worthy to be done”主动形式表示被动意义。
◆The novel is worth reading again.＝The novel is worthy to be read again.这部小说值得再读一次。
2．动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义
(1)sb.have sth.to do/There be sth.to do 句型中。
◆Before the end of the meeting, I have something important to declare.
会议结束之前，我有件重要的事情要宣布。
◆There is so much homework to do every day, which almost drives me mad.
每天有那么多家庭作业要做，这几乎让我发疯。
(2)动词不定式跟在性质形容词difficult、hard、easy、comfortable、good等后，与句子主语之间构成逻辑上
的动宾关系时，即sb./sth.be＋adj.＋to do。
◆Our headmaster looks hard to get close to, but in fact he is easy to get along with.
我们校长看起来很难接近，但实际上他很好相处。
(3)动词不定式与疑问词连用时。
◆With so many books at hand，Tom had no idea which to read first.
手头有那么多的书，汤姆不知道要先读哪一本。
单句语法填空
1．His father thought it a great honor (invite) to the party.
2．Whether the wounded man can survive tonight or not remains (observe)．
3．The play (produce) next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
4．I need at least five stamps before my collection (complete)．
5．My washing machine (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
6．The problem (discuss)at tomorrow's meeting is very difficult.
7．We won't start the work until all the preparations (make)．
8．When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
9．On the last day of our weeklong stay, we (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful
farm.
10．The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable (sit) on.
