Unit 5 Languages around the World
词汇
1. native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
2. attitude n. 态度；看法
3. means n. 方式；方法；途径
4. regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待
5. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值
6. struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
7. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
8. description n. 描写(文字)；形容
9. affair n. 公共事物；事件；关系
10. despite prep. 即使；尽管
词汇变化
1. base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据→based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部
分(或特征)的→basis n. 基础；根据；基点→basic adj. 基础的；基本的；根本的；初级的→basically adv.
本质上；基本上；(口)说白了；说穿了
2. symbol n. 符号；象征→symbolic adj. 象征性的→symbolise vt. 象征；代表
3. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v. 变化无常；多变；存在不同之处；使多样化
→various adj. 多种(类型)的；各种各样的；不同的→varied adj. 各种各样的；形形色色的
4. major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→majority n. 大多数；
大部分
5. global adj. 全球的；全世界的→globe n. 地球仪；球；球状物
6. reference n. 指称关系；参考→refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 涉及；使……求助于
7. equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→equally adv. 平等地→equality n. 平等
8. special adj. 特殊的→specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specially adv. 尤其；特别9. relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 有关系的；有关联的→relation n. 关系
阅读词汇
1. billion n. 十亿
2. system n. 体系；制度；系统
3. factor n. 因素；要素
4. bone n. 骨头；骨(质)
5. shell n. 壳；壳状物
6. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻
7. dynasty n. 王朝；朝代
8. dialect n. 地方话；方言
9. classic adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著
10. character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
11. calligraphy n. 书法；书法艺术
12. tongue n. 舌头；语言
13. semester n. 学期
14. gas n. 汽油；气体；燃气
15. petrol n. 汽油
16. subway n. 地铁
17. apartment n. 公寓套房
18. pants n. (BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially NAmE)裤子
19. beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求
20. gap n. 间隔；开口；差距
21. vocabulary n. 词汇
22. CE (＝Common Era) 公元短语
1. if possible 如果可能的话
2. date back (to ...)追溯到
3. at the beginning起初
4. ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
5. have trouble/difficulty with有……困难
6. be connected with与……连接
7. be of great importance (＝very important)十分重要
8. point of view观点；看法
9. depend on 依靠；依赖；取决于
10. relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
11. refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
句式
1．There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing
system.这之所以成为可能有很多原因，其中一个主要因素就是中国书法体系。
2．Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided
geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.多年来，人们按地域划分，使得书法体系
发展成了不同的形式，从而导致多种方言和汉字的形成。
3．Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in
writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
4．I used to get high marks in English，but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.
过去我英语成绩很好，但现在我在听力方面有很多困难。
5．I also repeat what I hear to help myself to experience the feeling of the language.
为了帮助自己体会语言的情感，我也重复自己听到的内容。
教材话题题型综合训练
词性转换（一）
1．basic adj. 基本的 → adv.基本地2．curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的→ n.好奇心
3．responsible adj.负责的；有责任的→ n.责任；义务
4．solve vt.解决→ n.解决办法；答案
5．addict n.对……入迷的人；成瘾的人→ adj.有瘾的；上瘾的
6．injure vt.使受伤；损害→ n.伤害；损伤
7．strong adj.强壮的；坚强的→ vt.加强；巩固
8．suffer vt.遭受蒙受(因疾病、痛苦等)受苦→ n.折磨；苦难
9．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→ n.幸存；生还
10．describe vt.描述；形容；描绘→ n.描写(文字)；形容
词性转换（二）
11． vi.提到;参考;查阅vt.查询;叫……求助于→reference n．参考
12． vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n．底部;根据→based adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部
分(或特征)的→basic adj.基本的;基础的
13． n．(植物、语言等的) 变体; 异体; 多样化→vary vi.不同; 变化→various adj.不同的;各种各
样的
14． vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值→appreciation n．欣赏;感激;领会;重视
15． n．尊重; 关注 vt.把……视为;看待→regarding prep.关于
16． adj.全球的; 全世界的→globe n．球体;地球仪;地球
17． adj.特定的; 明确的; 具体的→specifically adv.特定地; 明确地; 具体地
18． adj.主要的; 重要的; 大的 n．主修课程; 主修学生 vi.主修; 专门研究→majority n．多数;
大多数
19． vt.联系;讲述→related adj.相关的;有联系的→relation n．关系;联系
词性转换（三）
20． vt.参与；包含→ adj.有关的；卷入的
21． n．雾霾 → adj.烟雾弥漫的
22． adj.全球的，全世界的→ n．球体；地球
23． n．解决，解决办法→ v．解决
24． n．电→ adj.用电带动的→ adj.与电有关的→ adj.电子的
25． n．平衡→ adj.平衡的
26． adj.担心的；烦恼的→ v．打扰；烦扰 n．麻烦；困难
27． n．创办人，创始者→ v．创办；成立28． n．组织者，安排者→ v．组织；安排→ n．组织；安排
29． vi.发生→ n．发生
完成句子
30．Men and women （在......方面不相等）physical strength.
31．You can (参考，查阅) all kinds of materials when you are writing your essay.
32．We are going to visit a temple which (追溯到) 200 years ago.
33． (她要求的越多)，the more stressed out I get.
34．On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple which (追溯) to the Tang
Dynasty.
35．The visitors were admiring the architecture (追溯到) to the 17th century.
36．From my point of view, (一种对生活积极的态度)
can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
37．That stone structure （追溯到）the Ming Dynasty.
38．Life is full of (起伏), but we must keep moving forward.
39．Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas (在上面可以种
植水稻).
单句语法填空
40．I begged Helen (stay), but she wouldn’t listen.
41．The chairman referred to many factors (relate) to the failure of the plan.
42．It is difficult (describe) how I feel now.
43．The government official demanded that he (tell) everything about the damage the flood had
caused.
44．It is obvious that he is not equal to such a (demand) job.
45．Trends toward the (global) of industry have dramatically affected food production in California.
46．They play a leading role in reducing (globe) warming.
47．At that time, people (carve) some symbols on animal bones and shells.
48．The symbols which (carve) on the shell by my father look alive.
49．Every means (have) been used to calm the woman down.
50．The (major) of them demand that food and water should be supplied in time.
51．On the top of the mountain stands an ancient temple (date) back to the Tang Dynasty.52．A few weeks into this school year, Lisa and I had co-authored a play (base) on our favourite
novel, Little Women.
53． (base) on their demands, the government has taken effective measures.
语篇填空
“I wish you good health, happiness and longevity!” The allegro (快板) in the Chinese language resounded in
a hall at Prince Sultan University, during a cultural event to celebrate the Chinese New Year.
54 (crowd) with enthusiastic visitors, the event held on Monday afternoon showed the rich
traditions of the Chinese festival, 55 fell on February 10 this year.
Abdullah Hazmi, a student who is studying the Chinese Proficiency Test (HSK) Level 2, expressed his 56
(admire) for the experience of tasting traditional Chinese foods and learning about the art of Chinese tea. He said
that his encounter with the Spring Festival’s customs inspired a 57 (deep) interest in Chinese culture than
ever, 58 (lead) him to learn more about the Chinese language.
Faisal Islam, who 59 (recent) has began his Chinese learning journey, shared how brush writing
sparked his interest in the beauty of Chinese 60 (character) and the charm of Chinese culture. The event
also featured traditional Spring Festival scrolls (卷轴), penned by students from China’s Tsinghua University.
These volunteers presented plenty 61 cultural performances, including traditional Chinese dragon dances
and tai chi.
Zhang Xinying, the Chinese dean of the Confucius Institute at Prince Sultan University, said, “It is not only a
Spring Festival celebration, but a grand event to bring Chinese culture into the campus, fostering deeper Sino-Saudi
cultural exchanges.”
The Confucius Institute has witnessed 62 growing interest in Chinese language and culture since
its opening on June 4, 2023, with nearly 100 students 63 (include) in five classes to learn junior- and
medium-level Chinese language.
阅读理解
When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak
perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of answer misses the point.
More often than not, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different
from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and
could give rise to prejudice (偏见). Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an
accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear ityourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”.
We all do!
Every person speaks a dialect, too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is
characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not?” (meaning “Have
you eaten?”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression
would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is
“wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native
Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different?
We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accent s and dialects — for the benefit of everyone.
Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global
age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures
behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.
64．What does the author think of his/her friends’ response in paragraph 1?
A．It misses the real meaning of accents. B．It reflects their language levels.
C．It misses the point of communication. D．It reflects their self confidence.
65．Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English?
A．To correct a grammatical mistake. B．To show the diversity of dialects.
C．To show the use of dialects is reasonable. D．To bring in a traditional approach.
66．What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph?
A．Learn to speak with your local dialect. B．Seek for an official definition of accents.
C．Appreciate the value of accents and dialects. D．Tell our local languages from others’.
67．What can be a suitable title for this passage?
A．Accents Represent Our Identities B．Everyone Has an Accent
C．Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding D．Standard English Is at Risk
七选五
Social media, when approached the right way, can be just as valuable for practicing a new language as TV
shows, books or any other form of media. 68 .
Be a focused follower
The best way to get started in your language learning via social media adventure is by following a number of
accounts in your target language. But it would be helpful to have a clear goal in mind first. 69 . Whether
you’re interested in sports, travel or any other topics, there’s an account for that.70
Once you’ve chosen some accounts to follow, you should not stop there. 71 . This means reading
posts, watching videos. You may set a target for yourself, like reading five posts every day. It’s important to make
this a habit if you really want to use social media for language learning effectively.
Be a positive contributor
When you’ve followed the accounts you want to follow and have made a habit of engaging with them, you
can consider taking your use of social media for language learning to the next level. For example, you can set up
your own account. 72 .
A．Be an active user
B．Be a patient helper
C．Then you can try to post in the target language
D．Instead, you have to make daily use of the accounts
E．Here are some accounts we’ve put together for you to follow
F．In this article, you’ll find a few tips on how to use social media for language study
G．For example, if you want to learn food vocabulary, you may follow a cooking account
完形填空
I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese fluently. 73 , as a native English speaker, learning to
speak in tones was the 74 part about learning Chinese for me. To 75 the tones, I lived in Shanghai
for 6 months. Once I wanted to buy a 76 for my mother. Unluckily, the words for “horse” and “mother” are
only differentiated by a 77 tone. When I told the store clerk I wanted to buy a gift for my“horse”, she
looked at me like I had lost my 78 . In the end, she 79 what I was trying to say, but it was a bit of a
struggle. After that, I learned the 80 between the two tones.
After returning to England, I bought a web camera and found myself a language 81 by going to
ichinese.com, where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese. Together, we 82 speaking
Chinese for a few hours per week. 83 , I not only mastered my tones but learned to speak more 84 ,
just like a native speaker.
In my 85 , when studying Chinese in an English-speaking environment, my classmates and I often
made a 86 of the tones when speaking to one another. In fact, in a Chinese-speaking environment, the 87
interaction is of great importance for fluency, and it separates the amateurs (业余爱好者) from the experts.
73．A．Hopefully B．Actually C．Surprisingly D．Similarly
74．A．main B．best C．basic D．hardest75．A．learn B．match C．lower D．record
76．A．horse B．camera C．gift D．dictionary
77．A．soft B．formal C．single D．pleasant
78．A．mind B．balance C．interest D．confidence
79．A．agreed with B．worked out C．focused on D．brought up
80．A．clue B．difference C．issue D．importance
81．A．test B．learner C．magazine D．partner
82．A．suggested B．considered C．practiced D．avoided
83．A．As a rule B．At times C．As a result D．At first
84．A．fluently B．openly C．meaningfully D．slowly
85．A．heart B．dream C．power D．experience
86．A．list B．mess C．habit D．collection
87．A．back-to-back B．eye-to-eye C．knee-to-knee D．face-to-face
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
I'm an English self-learner. English is not my first language. Today I’m an English teacher. I like to voice
that failures are not disasters. Have faith, keep moving on and never give up. You will see your hard work pay off.
I was a slow learner when I was little. Before five, I couldn't even speak in full sentences like most other
children. I sound interacted with others. I neither cry nor go, nor got angry. My extreme quietness made my parents
wonder if I was mentally slow. But they were not sure. Actually, I have to admit that my memories of my early
childhood are quite uncertain.
When I was in elementary school, I learned very slowly and was as quiet as a doll. While my teacher was
teaching, my mind often would wander outside of the classroom to the playground. The learning problems and
inactive personality remained with me until I was in Grade 5. As a fifth grader, I finally started interacting with my
classmates. That was the first time in my memory that I had some friends. Most amazingly, from that time on, I
became talkative, laughing and playing like any normal child.
After heading full speed for my junior education, my learning situation got stuck in the mud again. In my
country, students were arranged into different levels of classes based on their IQ test scores. For example, students
with higher IQ scores were placed in the “outstanding class”; average ones joined the “intermediate class”, and
slower students were destined for the “bottom class”. I was placed in the “bottom class” as a result of my below
average IQ score. Most of my teachers taught us using easy and slow methods because they considered us unable tolearn much. Despite that, I never lost faith that I might one day succeed. As if to prove that when God closes a door,
he will definitely open up a big window, a miracle occurred. That's when I discovered a strong passion for English.
注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答，
Paragraph 1: At the age of 13, I found myself deeply interested in English.
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Paragraph 2: That way, I could further expand my vocabulary.
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