译林版 B3U1 Wordlist Page 103重点单词讲解
译林版 B3U1 Wordlist Page 103重点单词讲解
22. climate n. 天气;倾向,风气
weathern. 天气
23. build up one’s strength强生健体
build up ones confidence 增强自信
24. global adj. 全球的,整体的,全面的
globallyadv.全球地,整体地
globen. (1)地球(常与 the 连用)(2) 球体,球状物(3) 地球仪
globalizev.(使)全球化
globalizationn.全球化(现象/过程)
25. gas n. 气体;煤气;汽油
liquidn. 液体
solidn. 固体
26. come up with 想出,想到
put forward提出,后接宾语,可用于被动语态
注意:come up with 不用于被动语态
put forward可用于被动语态
come构成的常见短语和句式:
|
短语 |
含义 |
例句 |
|
come across |
偶然遇到;被理解 |
I came across an old friend in the library. / He spoke clearly so that his meaning came across well. |
|
come along |
出现;进展;一起来 |
A great opportunity came along. / How is your project coming along? |
|
come back |
回来;重新流行 |
He came back home late. / Vintage clothes are coming back. |
|
come by |
得到;顺路拜访 |
How did you come by this rare book? / Why don’t you come by after school? |
|
come down |
下降;流传下来 |
Prices have come down. / This story came down from ancient times. |
|
come from |
来自;出生于 |
She comes from a musical family. |
|
come in |
进入;流行;到达 |
Please come in. / Long skirts are coming in again. |
|
come off |
脱落;成功 |
The button came off. / The performance came off well. |
|
come on |
加油;开始;进展 |
Come on! You can do it! / Night came on. |
|
come out |
出来;出版;结果是 |
The sun came out. / His new book comes out next month. / The photos came out well. |
|
come over |
顺便来访;被感觉到 |
Come over for dinner. / A strange feeling came over me. |
|
come to |
苏醒;总计;谈到 |
She came to after fainting. / The bill came to $50. / When it comes to math, he is the best. |
|
come up |
出现;被提及 |
A problem came up. / The topic came up in conversation. |
|
come up with |
想出;提出 |
She came up with a great idea. |
|
句式 |
含义 |
例句 |
|
come true |
实现(愿望、梦想) |
His dream of being a doctor came true. |
|
come to an end |
结束 |
The meeting finally came to an end. |
|
come to a decision / conclusion |
做出决定/得出结论 |
We came to a decision after discussion. |
|
come into being / existence |
形成;产生 |
The internet came into being in the late 20th century. |
|
come into use / effect |
开始使用/生效 |
The new law comes into effect next week. |
|
come as a surprise / shock |
令人惊讶/震惊 |
The news came as a shock to everyone. |
|
come first / second |
排在第一/第二(重要性) |
Safety always comes first. |
|
come to do sth |
逐渐做某事 |
I came to realize that I was wrong. |
|
come on |
加油;开始;进展 |
Come on! You can do it! / Night came on. |
|
come out |
出来;出版;结果是 |
The sun came out. / His new book comes out next month. / The photos came out well. |
|
come over |
顺便来访;被感觉到 |
Come over for dinner. / A strange feeling came over me. |
|
come to |
苏醒;总计;谈到 |
She came to after fainting. / The bill came to $50. / When it comes to math, he is the best. |
|
come up |
出现;被提及 |
A problem came up. / The topic came up in conversation. |
|
come up with |
想出;提出 |
She came up with a great idea. |
27. call for(公开)要求;需要
Call构成的短语和句式:
call back 回电话;召回
call off 取消
call on/upon 拜访;号召;要求
call for 需要;要求;去接某人
call up 打电话;征召(入伍);使想起
call at 拜访(某地)
call in 召来;请来;打电话进来(如电视节目)
call out 大声喊叫;召集(尤指紧急情况)
28. applicationn. 应用,运用;申请
applyvi/vt. 申请, 对…适用vt. 应用,运用,涂,敷
① apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申请……
②apply … to … 将……应用于……;涂抹
③apply to … 适用于某人/某物;对……有效,向…提出申请
④ apply oneself to…专心于…集中注意力于…
applicant n. [C] 申请者
29. organization n. 组织,团体;组织工作;安排;条理
organizev.
be well organized有良好的组织; 条理清晰;井井有条
organizern.组织者
30. spring to mind 突然记起(或想到)
注意: spring (原形)sprang(过去式) sprung (过去分词)
同义表达
①sth occurs to sb
②It occurs to sb that+句子
③It strikes/hits sb that+句子
spring up 涌现,迅速出现,突然兴起
31. deer n. (复数)deer鹿
32. trackvi.&vt. 跟踪,追踪n. 足迹,踪迹;小道;轨道;跑道;路线
|
短语 |
含义 |
|
keep track of |
记录、了解…的动态 / 与…保持联系 |
|
lose track of |
忘记、不了解…的动态 / 与…失去联系 |
|
on track |
在正轨上 / 按计划进行 |
|
track and field |
田径运动 |
|
back on track |
回到正轨 |
|
track record |
过往成绩 / 记录 |
33. nowhereadv. 无处,哪里都不
get nowhere无进展;一事无成
be nowhere to be found / seen 哪儿都找不到;完全不见踪影
out of nowhere 突然地;莫名其妙地
in the middle of nowhere在偏僻的地方;在荒郊野外
Nowhere + 助动词/情态动词/系动词 + 主语 + 动词(否定词置于句首的部分倒装)
例:Nowhere could I find a better friend.
例:Nowhere is the effect of pollution more obvious than in this river.
注意: nowhere 置于句首时的倒装用法。
34. resident n. 居民,住户
residencen. 常指周围大片土地的宅邸,也可指普通的房屋,尤其是自己的住宅。它是一个正式用词,暗示住处富丽堂皇,常译作官邸、公馆。
35. get rid of 摆脱,丢弃,扔掉
rid (原形) rid(过去式)rid (过去分词)
36. protestvi. 反对,抗议vt. 反对;坚持声称,申辩 n. 抗议,反对
protest against反对;抗议(某事/某政策)
protest about / at / over因某事提出抗议(较具体的事由)
protest to sb向某人提出抗议
in protest作为抗议(状语短语)
under protest不情愿地;被迫地(表示虽不同意但照做)
37. profit n. 利润,收益;好处vi.& vt. 获益,得到好处
make a profit 或 make profits 获利
for profit 为了盈利
for the profit of 为了…的利益
profit from/by 从…中获益
profit sb.对某人有好处
profitable adj. 有利可图的,有益的
There is no profit in doing sth做某事是无益的
38. defence (defense) n. 辩护;防御,保护;防御物;国防;防守
in defence of为了保护…;为某人辩护
defend oneself 为自己辩护
defendagainst/from保护…免受…
defender n. 捍卫者
defensive adj. 防御的,保护的,保卫的,戒备的
39. variousadj. 各种不同的,各种各样的(相关讲解见7)
40. process
n. 过程,进程;步骤,流程
in the process of在…的过程中
in process 正在进行中
v. 加工,处理
processed food(加工的食品)
41. economicadj. 经济的,经济上的;可赚钱的
|
词性 |
词汇 |
说明 |
|
形容词 |
economic |
经济的,经济上的 |
|
形容词 |
economical |
节约的,经济实惠的(易混词) |
|
名词 |
economy |
经济;节约 |
|
名词 |
economics |
经济学 |
|
名词 |
economist |
经济学家 |
|
副词 |
economically |
经济上地;节约地 |
|
动词 |
economize |
节约,节省(课标拓展词) |
economic与经济有关的,经济上的economic growth(经济增长)
economical节约的,省钱的,实惠的an economical car(省油的车)
be economical with money(省钱)
sustainable economic development 可持续经济发展
42. strategyn. 策略,行动计划;策划,部署
|
词性 |
词汇 |
说明 |
|
名词 |
strategy |
策略;战略(复数:strategies) |
|
形容词 |
strategic |
战略性的;有策略的 |
|
副词 |
strategically |
战略性地;有策略地 |
|
名词(人) |
strategist |
战略家(课标拓展词) |
43. recycle vt.回收利用,再利用
|
形容词 |
说明 |
例句 |
|
recycled |
回收的;再生的 |
recycled paper(再生纸) |
|
recyclable |
可回收的 |
recyclable materials(可回收材料) |
|
non-recyclable |
不可回收的(反义词) |
non-recyclable waste(不可回收废物) |
44. former adj. 昔日的,前任的;以前的,从前的
the former … the latter … 前者…后者…(对比结构,高考高频)
45. officialn. 官员,要员adj.公务的;正式的,官方的
officern. 军官;警官;高级船员;执法人员
office n. 办公室;办事处;官职;政府部门
46. povertyn.贫穷,贫困;贫乏
live in poverty 生活在贫困中
die in poverty 死于贫困
be born into poverty 出身贫寒
pooradj贫穷的;可怜的;差的
47. poisonvt. 污染;毒死,毒害安定剂毒物,毒药
poisonousadj.有毒的
48. chemicaln. 化学制品adj. 化学的;化学作用的
|
词性 |
词汇 |
说明 |
|
名词 |
chemical |
化学制品(常用复数 chemicals) |
|
形容词 |
chemical |
化学的 |
|
副词 |
chemically |
化学上地;用化学方法(课标要求掌握) |
|
名词 |
chemistry |
化学;化学性质 |
|
名词 |
chemist |
化学家;药剂师(英式英语) |
|
名词 |
biochemical |
生物化学的(课标拓展) |
|
反义/对比 |
physical |
物理的;物质的 |
49. consequencen. 结果,后果;重要性
as a consequence 因此,结果
as a consequence of 由于…的缘故
in consequence 因此,结果
in consequence of 由于…
face/suffer the consequences 面对/承担后果
accept/take the consequences 接受/承担后果
serious/unforeseen consequences 严重的/无法预见的后果
of consequence 重要的;有重要地位的
of little/no consequence 不重要的;无足轻重的
a matter of consequence 重要的事情
|
词性 |
词汇 |
说明 |
|
名词 |
consequence |
结果;后果;重要性 |
|
形容词 |
consequent |
随之发生的;作为结果的(正式) |
|
副词 |
consequently |
因此,所以(课标重点,写作常用) |
|
形容词 |
consequential |
重要的;随之产生的(课标拓展) |
|
近义词 |
result |
结果(中性词,最常用) |
|
近义词 |
outcome |
结果(常指最终结局) |
|
近义词 |
effect |
影响;效果 |
|
反义词 |
cause |
原因 |
50. give rise to使发生(或存在)
注意:to 是介词,后接名词。多数用主动语态。
give rise to 接结果,正式书面显水平,原因在前结果后,名词宾语紧跟走。可替代简单的 cause / lead to
|
短语/词汇 |
语气 |
用法特点 |
|
give rise to |
正式 |
书面语,强调“引起/催生” |
|
lead to |
通用 |
最常用,中性,可替代 |
|
result in |
通用 |
强调“导致(某种结果)” |
|
bring about |
通用 |
强调“带来(变化)” |
|
cause |
通用 |
最直接,常接负面结果 |
|
trigger |
较正式 |
强调“触发(连锁反应)” |
|
spark |
生动 |
强调“激起(抗议、兴趣等)” |
|
contribute to |
通用 |
强调“促成(部分原因)” |
52. furtheradj. 更多的,更进一步的adv. 较远的,更远;进一步vt. 促进,增进
|
原级 |
比较级 |
最高级 |
例句(距离) |
例句(抽象) |
|
far |
farther |
farthest |
He ran farther than me. |
(不适用) |
|
far |
further |
furthest |
He ran further than me. |
We need to take it a step further. |
farther 只管“距离远”,further 既能“距离远”又能“更进一步”;further 还可以当动词和形容词,表示“促进”和“更多的”。
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