ARTICLE · 1096220
让孩子学会自我评判—阅读理解习题与解析
建议三步走：先读原文做题 → 再看答案与解析 → 最后对照翻译
📖 原文
Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between his language and the language others use. Bit by bit, he makes changes to make his language like others'. In the same way, children learn to walk, run, climb, ride a bicycle by comparing their performance with more skilled people.
But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them himself. We do it all for him. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants, what this word says, what the answer is.
If it is a matter of right answers, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should teachers waste time on routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he can't find the way. Let children learn how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
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❓一、习题（请先独立完成，再核对答案）
61. The best way for children to learn is ______.
A. listening to skilled people's advice
B. asking older people questions
C. making and correcting mistakes
D. doing what other people do
62. A good teacher should ______.
A. do everything for children
B. allow children to make mistakes
C. point out mistakes immediately
D. tell children what they know and don't know
63. Teachers should ______.
A. allow children to learn from each other
B. point out mistakes whenever found
C. correct mistakes as soon as possible
D. give children more book knowledge
64. Learning to speak and ride a bicycle are ______.
A. different from learning other skills
B. the same as learning other skills
C. more important than other skills
D. not really important skills
65. Best title?
A. Let Teachers Stop Work
B. Let Us Make Children Learn
C. Let Children Correct Their Exercises
D. Let Children Learn By Themselves
✅ 二、参考答案
🧭 三、逐题解析
61. 细节理解题
答案：D
第一段以学说话、学骑车为例，说明孩子学习的最佳方式是观察他人、模仿他人行为："by comparing their own performances with those of more skilled people"。本质上就是 doing what other people do.
62. 推理判断题
答案：B
作者反对教师替学生做一切（We do it all for him），主张让孩子自己发现并改正错误。因此好教师应当允许孩子犯错误。A 与作者观点相反。
63. 推理判断题
答案：A
第二段："Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants." 作者主张让孩子在需要时借助同伴的力量来解决问题，即允许孩子互相学习。B 和 C 与"不立即指出错误"的主张相悖。
64. 细节理解题
答案：B
第一段："In the same way, children learn to walk, run, climb, ride a bicycle." In the same way 表明学说话、学骑车与其他技能的学习方式是相同的。
65. 主旨大意题
答案：D
文章首句即点明主旨："Let children learn to judge their own work." 全文始终在论证应让孩子自主学习、自我评判。D 最贴切。
🌐 四、全文翻译
让孩子学会评判自己的学习成果。一个正在学说话的孩子不是通过不断被纠正来学习的：如果被纠正得太多，他就会停止说话。他每天会注意到上千次自己使用的语言与周围人使用语言之间的差异。一点一滴地，他做出必要的改变，让自己的语言与他人的语言相似。同样地，孩子们学习走路、跑步、攀爬、骑自行车，也都是通过将自己的表现与技术更熟练的人进行比较，然后慢慢做出必要的改变。
但在学校里，我们从不给孩子发现自己错误并自己纠正的机会。我们替他做了一切。让他自己去弄明白——如果他愿意，可以借助其他孩子的帮助——这个词是什么意思、那道题的答案是什么。
如果是有关正确答案的问题，比如数学或科学，给他答案书。让他自己批改自己的试卷。为什么我们教师要把时间浪费在这种例行公事上？我们的工作应该是在孩子找不到方向时帮助他。让孩子学会所有受过教育的人总有一天必须学会的东西：如何衡量自己的理解程度，如何知道自己知道什么、不知道什么。
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