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微技能二 巧记阅读理解中的同义替换
众所周知，同义替换是高考英语阅读理解正确选项的最强特征，同义转换是考生答对每
一道阅读理解题的制胜法宝，因此，考生应积累常见的同义词汇和相关表达，这对于高考阅
读获得高分具有举足轻重的意义。
同义替换在2022年高考真题阅读理解中的体现
2022年真题 原文 题干＋正确选项 同义替换
14.What does Shirley Fitzgerald
think of Sydney？
Sydney swept aside
A.It is losing its traditions.
much of its past， lose替换
全国甲 B.It should speed up its progress.
including many of its sweep aside
C.It should expand its population.
finest buildings.
D.It is becoming more international.
答案 A
“Everyone can play a
part in reducing
27.What does Curtin suggest people
waste，whether by not
do？
purchasing more food
A.Buy only what is needed.
新高考 than necessary in your buy替换
B.Reduce food consumption.
全国Ⅰ weekly shopping or by purchase
C.Go shopping once a week.
asking restaurants to not
D.Eat in restaurants less often.
include the side dish
答案 A
you won’t eat，”
Curtin says.
28.What is the purpose of the
project？
The project was A.To ensure harmony in care homes.
dreamed up by a local B.To provide part-time jobs for the
新高考 charity(慈善组织) to aged. welfare替
全国Ⅰ reduce loneliness and C.To raise money for medical 换wellbeing
improve elderly research.
people’s wellbeing. D.To promote the elderly people’s
welfare.
答案 D
The downturn hit the 21.Why did Merebeth change her out of
浙江1月
real estate(房地产) firm job？ business替A.She wanted to work near her home.
where she had worked B.She was tired of working in the
for ten years as an office.
office manager.The firm C.Her sister asked her to move to
换go broke
went broke and left Denver.
her looking for a new D.Her former employer was out of
job. business.
答案 D
27.What is on the ever-growing list
mentioned in the first paragraph？
The benefits of
A.Positive effects of doing exercise.
regular exercise are
B.Exercises suitable for the middle- positive
well documented but
浙江1月 aged. effects替换
there’s a new bonus to
C.Experimental studies on dementia. benefits
add to the ever-growing
D.Advantages of sporty women over
list.
men.
答案 A
28.Why did the researchers ask the
women to do bicycle exercise？
For the study,191
A.To predict their maximum heart
women with an average
rate.
age of 50 took a bicycle
B.To assess their cardiovascular
exercise test until they assess替换
浙江1月 capacity.
were tired out to measure
C.To change their habit of working
measure their peak(最
out.
大值的) cardiovascular
D.To detect their potential health
capacity.
problems.
答案 B
经典同义替换80组
同义 多种替换 同义 多种替换
by oneself，on one’s have the
1 独自 own，independently， 2 有机会做 chance/opportunity of/to
alone do，have/gain access to
take the place of，take
decline，come/go
one’s place，replace B
3 代替 4 下降；减少 down，drop，fall，
with A，substitute A for
decrease，reduce
B，use...as an alternativeto
refer to，mention，talk
5 逃脱 flee，escape from 6 提及；提到
of，when it comes to
at the same time，
on exhibition/show/
7 同时 meanwhile，in the 8 展览
display
meanwhile
realize，recognize，
sense，be
harm，be harmful to，
9 意识到 aware/conscious of； 10 对……有害
be bad for
awareness，
consciousness，sense
apart from，aside
be like，resemble，look from，besides，in
像；
like，bear a resemblance addition to，as well
11 与…… 12 除了
to，be identical to，be as，moreover，
相似
similar to furthermore，except，
except for
affect，influence，have
at hand，handy， an
13 方便的 14 影响
convenient effect/impact/influence
on
face，be faced with，
15 推迟 postpone，put off，delay 16 面对；面临 confront，be
confronted with
various，a variety of，
占；组 account for，make up，
17 18 各种各样的 varieties of，diverse，
成 occupy，take up
all kinds/sorts of
为…… be accessible to，have 虐待；不好 treat sb. badly，abuse
19 20
所得到 access to，be available to 好对待某人 sb.，maltreat sb.
claim one’s life，sth. treat...as，
要了某
21 cost sb. the life，sth. kill 22 把……看作 consider...as，think
人的命
sb. of...as，look on...as
promise to do，make a
show up，turn up，
23 承诺 promise to do，commit 24 出现
appear
oneself to
与…… differ from，be different take part in，attend，
25 26 参加；参与
不同； from，tell the difference participate in，involvebetween...and...，make a
distinction sb. in sth.，be involved
区分
between...and...，tell/disti in，be engaged in
nguish...from...
be consistent with，be in
与…… line with，correspond
27 28 代表 represent，on behalf of
一致 with，agree with，consist
with
be addicted to，be hooked
沉醉
on，be lost in，be
于；沉 unbelievable，beyond
29 obsessed with，be drunk 30 难以置信
迷于； belief，incredible
with，be absorbed in，be
沉浸于
dedicated to
make full use of，take
用光； use up，run out of，give
31 32 充分利用 advantage of，make the
耗尽 out，run out
most/best of
大多 deal with，do with，
33 数；大 most，the majority of 34 处理；对付 handle，cope with，
部分 tackle，address
be related to，be linked
to，be associated
35 在网上 on the Internet，online 36 与……有关
with，be connected
with，be relevant to
bring about，contribute 优于；有优 be better than，have an
导致；
37 to，cause，result in，lead 38 势，超 edge/advantage over，
造成
to，account for 过…… be superior to
由…… be worse than，be
39 result from，arise from 40 次于
引起 inferior to
support，in favo(u)r
accuse sb of，charge sb of，favo(u)r，
41 控告 42 支持；赞成
with subscribe to，in support
of
date back to，date
in advance，beforehand，
43 提前 44 追溯到 from，be traced to，be
ahead of time/schedule
traced back to
matter，count，be
45 重要 46 由……组成 consist of，be made up
important/significant/critical/vital/essential，be of
of，be composed of
importance/significance
hold the strong belief
that，be greatly
47 随机 at random，randomly 48 深信
convinced that，
strongly believe that
be unaware/unconscious
成功；
succeed in，be successful 未意识到； of，fail to notice，
49 设法做 50
in，manage to do 忽略 overlook，neglect，
成
ignore
as soon as，
immediately，instantly，
approach，way，
一…… directly， 方法；方
51 52 method，means，
就 hardly...when...，no 式；手段
manner
sooner...than...，upon/on
doing
oppose，be opposed
put forward，come up
53 提出 54 反对 to，object to，raise an
with，raise
objection to
尤其； especially，in particular， 以……为 be proud of，take pride
55 56
特别 particularly 骄傲 in
dress up，get/be
取笑； laugh at，tease，make fun
57 58 穿 dressed in，wear，put
嘲笑 of，play tricks/jokes on
on
stress，underline，
emphasize，place/put
厌烦； be tired/sick of，be bored
59 60 强调 great emphasis on，
厌倦 with，be fed up with
attach great
importance/value to
bear，put up with， attend (to)，take care
61 容忍 62 照顾
tolerate，stand of，look after
catch on，be popular
流行； with，be fashionable，in make sure/certain，
63 64 确保
受欢迎 fashion，in style，be well ensure，guarantee
received，gain popularity
不流 be unfashionable，out of be responsible for，
65 66 负责
行；不 fashion，out of style take/bear/shoulderresponsibility for，
受
answer for，take charge
欢迎
of
now and then，
有时； sometimes， look for，search for，
67 68 寻找
偶尔 occasionally，from time seek，be in search of
to time
be
realize/fulfil/achieve/
eager/thirsty/hungry/des
实现 accomplish one’s
69 70 渴望 perate for/to do，have a
梦想 dream，make one’s
strong urge/desire to
dream come true
do，desire to do
能够； be able to do，be capable be good for，benefit，
71 有能力 of doing，have the 72 对……有益 benefit from，be
做某事 ability/capacity to do beneficial/of benefit to
old people，the old， make up for，
73 老年人 senior citizens，the 74 弥补 compensate for，make
aged，the elderly up
on purpose，
故意/ deliberately，by design，
75 76 澄清 clarify，make sth. clear
偶然 purposely/by accident，by
chance，accidentally
认为；
think，believe，hold the
持
77 view/idea/opinion that， 78 雇用 employ，take on，hire
有……
argue/claim that
观点
be tired out，be worn attract，be attracted
79 疲惫 out，be exhausted，be 80 吸引 to，appeal to，catch
burnt out one’s eye/attention
