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专题 21 阅读理解：七选五段中句
备考 2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--讲练
命题解读
“七选五”题型中的段中设空的题目即为主题句的展开句。此种题要注意分析前后的逻辑性和内容的连贯性，
注意句子之间的衔接手法。当设空在段中时，通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的街接关
系。
考点特征
设空在段中，通常有如下三种情况：
1. 解释、引申、例证：对前面的论点或观点加以解释、引申或例证。
2. 建议性语句：作者提出的解决问题的方法、措施或步骤。
3. 句子间的过渡语句：为使上下文语意承接、转换自然。
解题步骤
第一步: 浏览全文，做出预判。同时理清全文的结构，了解文章大意，关注每个空格的位置。
一般来说，小标题类的文章是按总分结构或者总分总结构叙述的。段首句主要起主旨句或者承上启下的作用。
段中句用来承上启下或者解释说明。段尾句用来总结全文或者提出希望。
第二步: 分析选项，尤其根据选项中的代词、连词等来预测前后句可能存在的逻辑关系。
第三步: 回归原文，根据空格前后进行推理。在推理过程中，关注并列连词、转折连词、相同或相反句式
等，排除一些选项，并结合上下文意，推断出可填选项。最后，也是很关键的一步，检查。将所填选项代入，
通读全文，看上下文是否连贯，结构、语境、逻辑是否一致。
解题技能1. 代词分析法
2. 逻辑关系法
3. 结构分析法
4. 高频词复现法
一 代词分析法
（2022年全国甲卷）
Important Things to Know When Dining OutCultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___36 Don’t get caught making
an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant ___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with
friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___37___.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
37.【答案】F
【解析】根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you
put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of
you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行
了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross
them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子
时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
二 逻辑分析法
并列/平行关系：and，also，as well as，neither nor，either or，not only...but also，on the one hand....on the other
hand等。
顺承关系： first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin with, some ... others ...; for one thing, for another thing;
then/next, finally/last等。
转折关系：but，However，yet，though，nevertheless，while/though, on the contrary, instead, still，in
contrast/comparison等。
因果关系：so, therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ..., so that ...等。递进关系：too,also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly, what's more, what's worse, in addition, as well, to
make matters worse, not ... but ..., not only ... but also等。
解释关系：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。
1. 并列关系
(2022年全国高考新高考I卷)
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was:
“You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “__36___” With a
workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】C
【解析】
1. 确定考查题型特点(段中句)。
2. 根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One
reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了
一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻
炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。第一个理由是“You’ll … if”的结构，根据句式一致的
原则，可优先看选项C。在根据句意，C选项正是另一个理由，所以选择项C “You'll work harder if you train
with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。
3. 代入选项,阅读全文,确定答案为C。
2. 顺承关系
(2020·新课标全国卷III) A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new
apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance
for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36 ． And it is good time to fill the new space with
love and hopeful presents.
A．This isn’t usual though.
B．It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C．You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D．If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.【答案】E
【解析】
1. 确定考查题型特点(段中句)。
2. 上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会
是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And
it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填
补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机
会。与上下句为顺承，故选E。
3.代入选项,阅读全文,确定答案为E。
3. 转折关系
（2022年全国甲卷）
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___36_Don’t get caught making
an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant__. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with
friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
___37_Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them__.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to
eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any
food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plateF. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】C
【解析】
1. 确定考查题型特点(段中句)。
2. 根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India
and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a
utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃
饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐
时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认
为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
3. 代入选项,阅读全文,确定答案为C。
4. 因果关系
(2021年新课标全国卷II)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically
expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】E
【解析】
1. 确定考查题型特点(段中句)。
2. 上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“So the
first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的第一件
事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需要填原因；根据F项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种
程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因果关系。故选F项。
3. 代入选项,阅读全文,确定答案为E。
5. 解释关系
(2021·全国卷甲卷) ●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few
mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the
swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put
them on.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【答案】E
【解析】
1.确定考查题型特点(段中句)。
2.根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同
地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look
when they try them on.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放置镜子的
意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F
项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。）”说明每个人应
该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。故选F项。
3.代入选项,阅读全文,确定答案为E。
三 结构分析法1. 观察文章结构
2. 观察句子结构---设空处是否有逗号；
3. 相似结构对比法
1. 七选五通常是“总—分(—总)”结构，偶尔是“总—分—分”结构，把握住这个”总—分(—总)”的整体结构
和段际关系，对于七选五类题的解答大有帮助。
2. 段中句有时候会在设空处后面有逗号，则表明选项应当为从句或非独立简单句。
3. 观察上下文句子中是否出现排比或同一句式。
（2022年全国甲卷）
...
Making Requests
___39 It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious
mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra
cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. ___40___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】B
【解析】
1. 确定考查题型特点(段首句)。分析上下文关系,找关键信息词。
2. 根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化
习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，
the+比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文
意，引出下文。
3. 代入选项,阅读全文,确定答案为B。
四 高频词复现法
利用上下文重复的关键词，其中包括同义词、原词和反义词的复现。
典例分析
放下
If you’re a chronic procrastinator (慢性拖延者), you’re familiar with the pain and stress that goes hand in hand
with leaving things to the last minute. Even if you want to accomplish or finish a task, you’re probably having trouble
getting started in the first place! ____16There are several ways that can help you.____
...
Tackle your most important task for 15 minutes. Instead of thinking about the total number of hours you’re about
to work for, just start. ____19____. This will deal with the fear factor, and you'll likely spend much longer than 15
minutes on your task before you stop working again. ...
A．Write a to-do list to set goals first.B．Break tasks down into small parts.
C．There are several ways that can help you.
D．Stop punishing yourself for procrastinating.
E．Tell yourself you’ve only got to do it for 15 minutes.
F．Handle your hardest thing on your schedule right then.
G．Use that expectation to push yourself through the pain.
【答案】E
【解析】
1. 确定考查形式(段中句)。
2.分析上下文关系,找关键信息词。本题可利用词汇复现法解题。根据段落主题句“Tackle your most important
task for 15 minutes.( 用15分钟解决你最重要的任务。)”可知，本段介绍的方法是限制时间，E项中的“for 15
minutes.”与主题句对应。
2. 代入选项,通读全文,确定答案为E。
五 真题练一练
1. （2022年浙江卷6月）
......
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write
for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write “Dear
Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
A．It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B．But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C．The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.D．As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E．You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F．As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G．But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【答案】 12．B 13．E
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观
点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
12．根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or
persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着
目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少应该是这
样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
13．根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words
accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“You
write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老
人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由
此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. (你
写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。
2.（2021年新高考I卷）
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically
expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked.
____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French.
That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple
of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.
Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.
I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the
best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
.
You can tell this by cafés life French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The
French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a
group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】FCGEA
【文章大意】作者通过亲身体验，感受了法国高品质的生活：高级公寓，美味食物，舒缓的生活节奏和每
周35小时的工作时间。
36.【答案】 F
【解析】考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空后的So表明该空与空后句为因果逻辑关系，
又根据空前句作者夫妇在法国度过了一周，可知，他们的目的是想体验法国当地人的生活，所以他们租了一间
公寓。故选F。
37.【答案】 C
【解析】考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前的plumbing，空后的building, lift是在介
绍作者夫妇租住的公寓，与C选项中的kitchen和bed为同话题词复现。故选C。
38.【答案】 G
【解析】考查段中空。解题语句：空前句。分析题目可知，空前一句eat great food and never gain weight与
G选项中so delicious that you don't need much of it构成同义替换。故选G。
39.【答案】 E
【解析】考查段首空。解题语句：空后句。分析题目可知，前文提到法国人与你我不同之处在于他们吃的
食物很精致，摄入量很少，所以他们的体重不会增加，空后提到作者夫妇的一次经历，通过But they cost ＄18
可知法国的食物很贵，这也是法国人食物摄入量少的另外一个原因。故选E。
40.【答案】 A【解析】考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前always crowded提到咖啡馆里人很多，且
French cafés与A选项中的customers为同话题词复现，又根据空后When do these people work？以及The French
可知咖啡馆的顾客中不光有游客，也有法国当地人。故选A。
3.（2021年全国甲卷）
Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge
amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not
healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes
piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your
friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much
fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to choose
from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around your
room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that
everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't forget to
put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
.
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【文章大意】：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何进行旧衣服的分类和处理，以使衣服得到循环利用。
16.【答案】 B
【解析】考查过渡句。空后句意为这是最好的方法摆脱你的旧衣服，得分从你的朋友，并有一个聚会，所有在同一时间。此空前一句作者提出问题：那么如何处理那些状况良好但你又不喜欢的堆在卧室地板上的衣服呢？
再结合下一段开头 "A successful swap一个成功的交换" ，故这里答案选B（举办服装交换派对）。
17.【答案】 A
【解析】考查过渡句。根据分号后面的句式 "more than that, and…" , 说明空格应该选和其一致的句式， "Less
people than that" 正好对应了此句式。带入验证，翻译：人比这少，可能没有足够的东西可供选择；不仅如此，
它变得无法控制。可知正符合。故选A。
18.【答案】 G
【解析】考查开头句。根据空后 "They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes
home. " 他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把 "新" 衣服带回家。从also可以得知，大家应该把衣服带
来，故选G。
19.【答案】 F
【解析】考查过渡句。空前句意为把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。空后句意为在你的房间周围放几面
镜子，这样人们在试穿时就能看到东西的样子。由此推之，这里应该是让大家把各自的衣服放在房间合适的地
方，故选F。
20.【答案】 D
【解析】考查过渡句。此空前一句意为 "或许你可以说开始或者打开某首歌曲或者别的什么"。由此可以推之，
这里应该是把音乐循环播放。故选D。
4.（2021年全国乙卷）
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a
dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So
the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do
for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to.
___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were
laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）. If
you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the
situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at adinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）.
___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在宴会上如何使自己变得有趣、避免尴尬和沉默的一些具体做法，
如积极地提出问题，赞美主人等。
36.【答案】 B
【解析】考查段首空。解题语句：空后段落内容。分析题目可知，空后的内容 out of your comfort zone, show
up and be adventurous与B选项中go exploring构成同义替换。故选B。
37.【答案】 C
【解析】考查段中空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后 vehicle和bus均为交通方式，又结合前文
start the conversation with a question可知，该空应为提问客人是如何到达的。故选C。
38.【答案】 F
【解析】考查段首空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后一句 can't take their wine away与F选项中
too much to drink构成同义替换以及take away their soapbox与F选项中won't stop talking构成同义替换。故选
F。
39.【答案】 E
【解析】考查段尾空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文 if you're the host, you can…是在对应付饮酒
过量或话很多的一类人提出的一种处理方式，E选项… where they have little to say是在提出另外一种解决方
式。故选E。
40.【答案】 G【解析】考查段中空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文提到碰到大家都沉默的情况下，缓解尴尬的
方式是对主人提出赞扬，空后给出具体方式。空前awkward silence与G选项awkwardness构成同义替换，G选
项中He or she指代前文host。故选G。
5.（2021年6月浙江卷）
You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly
colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you
never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ___12___ ” Seeking other like-minded
souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for
people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217
registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___13___ Running the website has almost
turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication
language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in
Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. ___14___ So a common language is required and in
postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___15___ That said, we know of many postcrossing
members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing," Paulo
says.
A. And that's totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【答案】11. G 12. A 13. E 14. F 15. B
【文章大意】一位热爱明信片的电脑工程师把这项热爱发展成了他的全职事业，并介绍了一些写明信片的困难
和益处。11【答案】 G
【解析】考查与上文的联系。前文以具体形象的例子表现主人公对明信片的喜爱：loves open…and find a
brightly colored picture of…，or…or…，这些brightly colored pictures正是明信片。因此，下一句进行总结。In
short简言之，就是上文的概括，概括为loves postcards and the excitement…喜欢明信片，喜欢收到远方朋友手
写卡片的兴奋感。故选G项。
12 【答案】 A
【解析】考查前后文联系。上文说 "你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢明信片"，下文说 "寻找其他志同道合的
人……" 表示主人公接受上文所讲事实，然后才能和有共同兴趣的人继续自己的爱好。A项 "这完全没问题"
正是表示主人公接受这一点。故选A项。
13 【答案】 E
【解析】考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写主人公将自己的爱好发展成了一个成功的社交网站。前文的
各项数据也和E项的数据衔接自然，都是在介绍这个网站的成功；同时，这些数据的量都很大，使得空白后
"运营这个网站几乎成了全职工作" 成为必然的结果。故选E项。
14 【答案】 F
【解析】考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写对于写明信片来说，语言可能是一个障碍。4空前是具体的
论据 "尽管收到一封用中文写的明信片很酷，但如果收信人不理解中文的话，这个明信片就没什么意义" 。紧
接着加F项 "类似地，如果你只讲中文，收到一封瑞典语的明信片也会让乐趣大打折扣" 同样都是对段落主旨
的论证，而在衔接上用了similarly也很自然，故选F项。
15 【答案】 B
【解析】考查与上文的联系。前文说 "很多中国人对英语的接触有限"，这导致用英语写明信片比较难，正是
B项所说 "那使得学习和练习写英语明信片尤其得难"。选项中That指代上文的句子；而句尾的it指代上一段
段尾句English is required in postcrossing。B项与上文衔接紧密，故选B项。
6.（2020年新课标Ⅰ）
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___36___
Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___37___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you
hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your
own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and
our failures. ___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you couldhave done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I
tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before
weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of
bed today. ___39___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why
you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___40___ Turn to a page
in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. C 40. A
36.【答案】 B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了几种方法，让人能正视自己，接受自己。考查上下文联系。上文句意：我们
都想要接受自己，爱自己，但是有的时候这太难实现了。下文句意：下面是几个方法让你能找到正确的方向。
B项句意：你从哪开始呢？分析文章结构，上文提出人们所面临的问题，下文提出解决办法，中间句子承上启
下。故答案为B。
37.【答案】 F
【解析】考查上下文联系。此空是段落小标题。下文句意：不要跟着那些让你觉得不够好的人。可知本段说不
要盲目追随他人，自己是独一无二的。F项句意：停止把自己和别人做对比。符合题意，故答案为：F。
38.【答案】 D
【解析】考查上下文联系。上文句意：我们常常因为自己的短处，错误和失败而感到羞愧。 下文句意：你时
不时会犯错。根据下文时不时会犯错，可知犯错是不可避免的，要学会接受自己，不要把自己想象成十全十美
的神。D项句意：记住，你只是一个人。符合题意，故答案为D。
39.【答案】 C
【解析】考查上下文联系。上文句意：列出你的成就。你有工作，你获得了学位，你今天起床了。上文是列出了自己完成的事情，哪怕是起床这样的小事，可知是让人从小事中接受自己，认可自己的成就。C项句意：小
事也值得庆祝，符合题意，故答案为C。
40.【答案】 A
【解析】考查上下文联系。上文句意：现在你列出了你的优点，你的不完美。翻开你的日记，想一想你为什么
感觉不值得，你为什么感到自己不够好？下文句意：翻开日记本中的一页，到你的优势和成就列表。看看你有
多棒？A项句意：又觉得心烦了？承接下文，翻看自己的优势和成就，在自己心烦沮丧的时候鼓励自己，A项
符合题意， 故答案为A。
