高考英语 D 篇精读|城市行道树降噪(高三名校联考 D 篇)

Trees in cities are often planted for their beauty and ability to absorb carbon dioxide. But their function as natural sound barriers has long been underestimated. Many people believe leaves are the main element blocking noise, yet new research points to tree trunks and branches as the key contributors.

城市中种植树木，大多是为了美化环境以及吸收二氧化碳。但树木作为天然隔音屏障的作用长期被低估。很多人认为树叶是阻隔噪音的主要部分，而新研究表明树干与树枝才是核心促成因素。

searchers carried out a series of tests on woodland belts beside busy roads. They measured sound transmission through tree groups with different structures. When leaves were removed, the noise reduction effect only dropped slightly. This surprising result proved that woodyparts played a bigger role than foliage.

研究人员在繁忙道路旁的林带开展了一系列实验。他们测量声音传播穿过不同结构树林的情况。当树叶被摘除后，降噪效果仅有小幅下降。这个出人意料的结果证明，木质的部分的作用大于叶子（总称）。

Trunks and branches reflectand scattersound waves. Thick, solid trunks bounce low-frequencynoise, which is the most troublesometraffic noise. Branches of various sizes spread out sound energy in different directions, weakening the noise before it reaches residentialareas.

树干和树枝能够反射、散射声波。厚实坚固的树干反射低频的噪音，而低频噪音正是最恼人的交通噪音。大小不一的树枝将声能向各个方向分散，在噪音传到住宅的居民区之前就将其削弱。

The finding changes guidelines for urban green noise control. Previously, city planners preferred trees withdenseleaves. Now experts suggestmixed trees of varied trunk thickness and branch structures. Such mixed woodland belts can achieve better noise reduction without occupying extra land.

该发现改变了城市绿色降噪的准则。过去城市规划者偏爱叶片茂密的树种。现在专家建议混合的搭配不同树干粗细、枝干形态的树木。这种复合型林带可以在不占用额外土地的前提下，实现更好的降噪效果。

Though trees cannot completely remove urban noise, they offer an eco-friendlyalternative toconcrete noise walls. Besides cutting noise, urban trees cool the air and improvebiodiversity. Compared with man-made barriers, tree belts bring multiple benefits to citydwellers.

树木无法彻底消除城市噪音，但它们提供了比混凝土隔音墙更环保的方案。除降噪之外，城市树木还可以降温、提升生物多样性。相比人工屏障，林带能给城市居民带来多重益处。

1. absorb/əbˈsɔːb/v. 吸收高考例句：Plants absorb carbon dioxide in the daytime.文中语境：ability to absorb carbon dioxide
2. barrier/ˈbæriə(r)/n. 屏障，障碍高考例句：The wall acts as a sound barrier.文中语境：natural sound barriers
3. underestimate/ˌʌndərˈestɪmeɪt/v. 低估高考例句：Never underestimate the power of small changes.文中语境：has long been underestimated
4. contributor/kənˈtrɪbjuːtə(r)/n. 促成因素；贡献者高考例句：Stress is a major contributor to sleep problems.文中语境：key contributors
5. transmission/trænzˈmɪʃn/n. 传播，传递高考例句：The study looks at the transmission of sound waves.文中语境：measured sound transmission
6. woody/ˈwʊdi/adj. 木质的高考例句：The woody stems support the plant.文中语境：woody parts played a bigger role
7. foliage/ˈfəʊliɪdʒ/n. 叶子（总称）高考例句：The tree has thick green foliage in summer.文中语境：bigger role than foliage
8. reflect/rɪˈflekt/v. 反射；反映高考例句：Mirrors reflect light.文中语境：Trunks and branches reflect and scatter sound waves
9. scatter /ˈskætə(r)/v. 分散，散射高考例句：Wind will scatter the seeds everywhere.文中语境：reflect and scatter sound waves
10. low-frequency /ˌləʊ ˈfriːkwənsi/adj. 低频的高考例句：Low-frequency noise is hard to block.文中语境：low-frequency noise
11. troublesome /ˈtrʌblsəm/adj. 麻烦的，恼人的高考例句：This is a troublesome technical problem.文中语境：the most troublesome traffic noise
12. residential /ˌrezɪˈdenʃl/adj. 住宅的高考例句：This area is mainly residential.文中语境：reaches residential areas
13. guideline /ˈɡaɪdlaɪn/n. 准则，指导方针高考例句：The school sets safety guidelines.文中语境：changes guidelines for urban green noise control
14. dense /dens/adj. 茂密的，浓密的高考例句：Dense forests store much carbon.文中语境：trees with dense leaves
15. mixed/mɪkst/adj. 混合的高考例句：We live in a mixed community.文中语境：mixed trees of varied trunk thickness
16. eco-friendly /ˌiːkəʊ ˈfrendli/adj. 环保的高考例句：Paper bags are more eco-friendly than plastic ones.文中语境：offer an eco-friendly alternative
17. concrete/ˈkɒŋkriːt/n. 混凝土高考例句：The road is made of concrete.文中语境：concrete noise walls
18. biodiversity/ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/n. 生物多样性高考例句：Wetlands protect biodiversity.文中语境：improve biodiversity
19. dweller/ˈdwelə(r)/n. 居民，居住者高考例句：City dwellers love public parks.文中语境：bring multiple benefits to city dwellers

原文重读

Trees in cities are often planted for their beauty and ability to absorb carbon dioxide. But their function as natural soundbarriers has long been underestimated. Many people believe leaves are the main element blocking noise, yet new research points to tree trunks and branches as the keycontributors. Researchers carried out a series of tests on woodland belts beside busy roads. They measured sound transmission through tree groups with different structures. When leaves were removed, the noise reduction effect only dropped slightly. This surprising result proved thatwoodyparts played a bigger role thanfoliage. Trunks and branchesreflect and scatter sound waves. Thick, solid trunks bounce low-frequency noise, which is the most troublesome traffic noise. Branches of various sizes spread out sound energy in different directions, weakening the noise before it reaches residential areas. The finding changes guidelinesfor urban green noise control. Previously, city planners preferred trees with denseleaves. Now experts suggest mixed trees of varied trunk thickness and branch structures. Such mixed woodland belts can achieve better noise reduction without occupying extra land. Though trees cannot completely remove urban noise, they offer an eco-friendly alternative toconcretenoise walls. Besides cutting noise, urban trees cool the air and improve biodiversity. Compared with man-made barriers, tree belts bring multiple benefits to city dwellers.

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