1. 主旨题（Gist）

【音频情境】 学术短讲，教授开场：

"Ok so last class we talked about photosynthesis—how plants make food from sunlight. Today I want to flip that. We're looking at cAMPs' role in cellular signaling, specifically how one single molecule can trigger a whole chain reaction inside a cell. And honestly, it's way more dramatic than it sounds."

【题目】 What is the main purpose of the lecture?

• • A. To explain how plants produce energy from sunlight
• • B. To describe the process of photosynthesis in detail
• • C. To introduce cAMP's function in cellular signal transmission
• • D. To compare plant and animal energy systems

【答案】C

技巧对应：开篇 "Today I want to flip that" 是转折信号，but/however类转折后是真主旨。A/B是上节课内容（提到但非重点），D全文没比。

2. 细节题（Detail）

【音频情境】 短对话，学生找图书馆管理员：

"Hi, I reserved a book—The Urban Archaeology Reader—online yesterday. My name's Chen.""Let me check… OK, Chen, Yi. It's on hold shelf 3, but you'll need your student ID and the pickup code from your email—the one that starts with 'RES'.""Got it, RES-8821. Thanks!"

【题目】 What does the student need to bring to pick up the book?

• • A. His credit card and student ID
• • B. His student ID and the pickup code from the email
• • C. The reservation number RES-8821 only
• • D. A printed copy of the confirmation email

【答案】B

技巧对应：列举处（ID + code）必考细节。C是干扰——8821是举例里的具体码，不是"需要带什么"的答案；D的"printed copy"原文没提。

3. 推断题（Inference）

【音频情境】 学术短讲，教授讲到某理论：

"Now, the 'Aquatic Ape Hypothesis'—some of you might've seen that on nature documentaries. The idea is that early humans spent part of their evolution in water, which explains hairlessness and subcutaneous fat. Sounds neat, right? Except—there's exactly zero fossil evidence for it. And when a theory has no fossils after 50 years of looking… well, you do the math."

【题目】 What is the professor's attitude toward the Aquatic Ape Hypothesis?

• • A. He thinks it's well-supported by recent fossil discoveries.
• • B. He believes it's an intriguing but unproven idea.
• • C. He is surprised that students haven't studied it more.
• • D. He considers it completely disproven by new evidence.

【答案】B

技巧对应："Sounds neat, right?" → 表面认可；"Except—zero fossil evidence" + "you do the math" → 委婉否定。A反了，D推太远（"disproven"原文没说，只说没证据），C无关。选"最轻的延伸"。

4. 态度题（Attitude）

【音频情境】 短对话：

学生："So… the midterm. I know it's next Monday and I've read Chapter 4, but—ugh, honestly? I understood maybe half of it. The part on supply and demand was fine, but elasticity?"教授："Elasticity trips a lot of people up. Come to my office hour Thursday, I'll re-run it with a different example."

【题目】 How does the student feel about the upcoming midterm?

• • A. Confident, because he understands most of Chapter 4
• • B. Indifferent, since he plans to skip the elasticity section
• • C. Anxious, because he struggled with part of the material
• • D. Optimistic, because the professor offered to help

【答案】C

技巧对应：语气词 "ugh" + "honestly? I understood maybe half" → 焦虑/没底。D是陷阱——教授乐观，但题目问student。

5. 功能题（Function / Rhetorical Purpose）

【音频情境】 学术短讲，教授讲到一半：

"…so the painter used ultramarine blue for the Virgin's robe, which at the time cost more than gold per gram. 'Wait, why does that matter?'—good question, let's come back to that. What I want you to notice first is the brushwork here… [讲2分钟] …And that's why the blue matters: because using ultramarine was the patron showing off. Literally a power move."

【题目】 Why does the professor say "Wait, why does that matter?—good question, let's come back to that."?

• • A. To admit she doesn't know the answer
• • B. To acknowledge a likely student question and postpone answering it
• • C. To criticize students for not paying attention
• • D. To introduce a new topic about gold pricing

【答案】B

技巧对应：功能题问"说这句话干嘛"，不是字面。这里是模拟学生疑问+拉回主线，结尾才回扣。A/C/D全反。

6. 结构/关联题（Organization）

【音频情境】 学术短讲，讲"两派对石圈用途的观点"：

"Stonehenge. For decades, the dominant view was: ceremonial site, solstice rituals, that sort of thing. Then in the 1990s, a second camp emerged: they argued it was actually a healing site—pilgrims came, left offerings, some burials show signs of illness. So we've got two camps: ritual vs. medical. And the funny part? Both could be true."

【题目】 How does the professor organize the lecture?

• • A. Chronological order of Stonehenge's construction
• • B. Problem and two proposed solutions
• • C. Two competing hypotheses about a site's function
• • D. Cause and effect of solstice rituals

【答案】C

技巧对应：短讲骨架 "Theory A → Theory B → 对比"，笔记里 ① ceremonial ② healing ③ both could be true。

7. 🆕 听后选回应（Listen and Choose a Response）

【音频情境】 短对话片段，学生边翻包边对教授说：

"Prof. Alvarez, do you have a spare pen by any chance? Mine just died mid-notes."

【题目】 选最自然得体的回应（20秒内）：

• • A. "Sure, here—catch. And next time, maybe come prepared?" (递笔+小刺)
• • B. "Yeah, here you go. I keep backups for exactly this reason." (递笔+共情)
• • C. "No, I don't. Ask someone behind you." (拒绝)
• • D. "Your pen died? That's… unfortunate. Anyway, as I was saying—" (无视+继续讲课)

【答案】B

技巧对应：学生身份低（对教授），请求小帮助（spare pen），场合是课堂。B 最贴合语用——给帮助+轻松化解不尴尬。A 太教师威权（"maybe come prepared"在这场景下小题大做），C/D 不礼貌但也不是完全不可能——关键是"最地道自然"，B 胜在语气松弛不端着，北美课堂常见。

💡 七题一套走下来你会发现：前6题技巧（主旨抓转折、细节同义替换、推断选最轻延伸、态度找语气词、功能看上下文、结构记①②③）每题都能套上；第7题是纯语用，没技巧只有"代入身份+判断意图+排除极端"这一条路。