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2020-2021 学年北京市西城区北师大附中八年级（上）期中
英语试卷
一、单项填空（共10分）。
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择填入空白处的最佳选项。（共6分, 每小题
0. 5分）
1. Jim has a sister. He likes playing games with ________.
A. me B. you C. her D. him
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：吉姆有一个妹妹。他喜欢和她一起做游戏。
考查人称代词的用法。me我（第一人称宾格的形式）；you 你（第二人称的宾格形式）；her她(第三人称
宾格，表示女子时用)；him他（第三人称宾格，表示男子时用）。结合句意，吉姆和他的妹妹一起做游戏，
他的妹妹是女孩，因此用her在此处作宾语。故选 C。
2. Put on your coat, ________ you may catch a cold.
A. and B. so C. but D. or
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：穿上你的大衣，否则，你可能会感冒。
考查连词的用法。and 和；so因此；but但是；or否则。根据句意可知，此处指穿上衣服，否则会感冒。故
选D。
3. The beach is not as ________ as it used to be. Let’s collect the rubbish.
A. clean B. cleaner
C. cleanest D. the cleanest
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：这片海滩不如以前干净了。让我们去捡垃圾吧。
考查固定句型。not as…as… 不如……一样，中间接形容词或副词的原级。故选A。
4. —________ do you visit your grandparents, Mike?
—Once a week.A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How far
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——迈克，你多久去看望一次你的祖父母？——一个星期一次。
考查特殊疑问句。How soon多久；How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How far多远。根据答语
“Once a week.”可知，问的是频率，故选C。
5. I watched the Super Brain ________ March 28th.
A. in B. at C. on D. to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：3月28日我看了《最强大脑》。
考查介词辨析。in后接年、月、季节等；at后接具体钟表时刻；on后接具体某一天等；to朝，向。根据
“March 28th”可知表示在3月28日，用介词on符合语境。故选C。
6. Mary likes tennis and she thinks it’s ________ of all sports.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：玛丽喜欢网球，她认为网球是所有运动中最有趣的。
考查形容词最高级。根据“of all sports”可知比较范围在三者以上，用形容词的最高级，最高级前要加
the。故选D。
7. My little brother ________ speak English because he is only six months old.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：我的小弟弟不会说英语因为他仅仅六个月大。
考查情态动词。can’t不会， 不可能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必。根据“ he is only six
months old”可知，弟弟只有六个月大，所以应该是不会说英语。故选A。
8. —Which season do you like _________，winter or summer?
.
—Summer
A. well B. betterC. best D. the best
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】试题分析：句意：---冬季和夏季，你更喜欢哪个季节？---夏季。此题考查副词比较级。根据句意，
应选B。
考点：考查副词比较级。
9. —Thanks a lot.
—________.
A. That’s all right B. All right C. That’s right D. You are right
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意: ——非常感谢。——不客气。
考查情景交际。That’s all right不客气；All right好, 顺利；That’s right那是对的；You are right你是对的。根
据“Thanks a lot”可知对方表示感谢, 应该回答“不客气”，用句子“That’s all right”。故选A。
10. The twins can speak only ________ French.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：这对双胞胎只会说一点法语。
考查词义辨析。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a few有一点，修饰可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数
名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词。此处修饰不可数名词French，排除A、B；根据“only”可知，此处
强调肯定含义，会说一点。故选D。
11. Do you need ________ tea?
A. some more B. much more C. any much D. some much
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：你需要再来点茶吗？
考查一般疑问句和形容词比较级。此句是提出请求，需要用some，排除BC。此处表达出”更多点，再来
点”的含义，所以要用形容词的比较级more。故选A。
12. You’d better ________ football on the road.
A. not to play B. not play C. not playing D. not to playing
【答案】B【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：你最好不要在路上踢足球。
考查情态动词。had better最好，是情态动词，后接动词原形。you’d better not do sth表示 “你最好不要做
某事”。故选B。
13. Loud music and red chairs in the restaurant make people ________ fast.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：在餐馆里吵闹的音乐和红色的椅子让人们吃得快。
考查非谓语动词。make后用省略to的动词不定式作宾补，make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，所以此
处使用eat。 故选A。
14. ________ large the room is!
A. How a B. What C. How D. What a
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：这房间多大啊！
考查感叹句。本句强调的中心词是形容词large，用“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”表示，故选C。
15. They will have a trip to the Summer Palace if it ________ next Sunday.
A. didn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. isn’t raining
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果下周日不下雨, 他们将去颐和园旅行。
考查动词的时态。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，根据“They will have a trip to the
Summer Palace ”可知，主句时态为一般将来时，所以从句使用一般现在时，从句主语是it，变为否定句时，
借助助动词does。故选C。
16. My brother decides ________ to England to study English next year.
A. goes B. to go C. go D. going
【答案】B【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：我哥哥决定明年去英国学习英语。
考查非谓语动词。结合语境和空前“decides”可知，本句用短语“decide to do sth决定做某事”，所以这里
用动词不定式作宾语。故选B。
17. —Where is Mr. Smith?
—He ____________ a meeting at the office now.
A. is having B. had C. has D. will have
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——Smith先生在哪里？——他现在正在办公室里开会。
考查动词时态。is having现在进行时，正在做某事；had是have的过去式；has是have的第三人称单数形
式；will have一般将来时。根据对话的情景可知，这里问的是Smith现在在哪里，“开会”这个动作是此
刻正在进行的，应用现在进行时。故选A。
18. When I opened the fridge, there ________ only a bottle of milk and some eggs.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：当我打开冰箱时，只有一瓶牛奶和一些鸡蛋。
考查时态。根据句中的 opened可知，此句时态是一般过去时。there be句型遵循就近原则，be动词与a
bottle of milk一致，因此用was。故选C。
19. Jennifer often ________ some housework after school.
A. did B. does C. will do D. do
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：Jennifer 放学后经常做一些家务。
考查动词的时态。结合语境和空前often可知本句用一般现在时，陈述经常发生的事情，主语Jennifer是第
三人称单数，所以动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
20. My parents always tell me ______ more vegetables and fruit.
A. eat B. eating C. eats D. to eat
【答案】D【解析】
【详解】试题分析：句意：我的父母经常告诉我多吃蔬菜和水果。Tell后面一般接带to的动词不定式做宾
语补足语，表示具体的将要进行的动作，故选D。
考点：考查非谓语动词
二、完形填空（共10分, 每小题4分）
根据短文内容, 从方框中选出恰当的词填写在答题卡的相应位置上。
make, brings, place, goal, enough
In Chile（智利）, it is difficult for small schools in villages to teach science because they don’t have
____21____ teachers or equipment. This is where the Science Bus Project can help. The bus ____22____ special
science teachers, new ideas and equipment to these schools. Sometimes the children go inside the bus for their
lessons or clubs. Sometimes the teachers even bring the equipment inside the classroom.
The ____23____ of the Science Bus Project is to bring science to children all over Chile. Since 2012, the bus
has visited lots of schools in Chile, and hundreds of teachers have learned how to ____24____ their science classes
fun and exciting.
【答案】21. enough
22. brings 23. goal
24. make
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了智利很多学校缺乏教科学的老师和仪器，科技汽车项目给这些学校
带来了专业的科学老师、新的思想和仪器，目的是给全智利的孩子们带来科学知识。
【21题详解】
句意：村子里的小学校教科学是很难的，因为他们没有足够的老师或仪器。名词“ teachers or equipment”
前用形容词修饰，根据“ difficult for small schools in villages to teach science”可知表达“没有足够的老师
或仪器”。用形容词“enough”。故填enough。
【22题详解】
句意：公共汽车给这些学校带来了专业的科学老师，新的思想和仪器。句子缺谓语动词，根据“ special
science teachers”可知表示“带来了专业的科学老师”。句子是一般现在时, 主语“the bus”是单数概念,用
“bring”的三单形式“brings”。故填brings。
【23题详解】
句意：科技汽车项目的目的是给全智利的孩子们带来科学知识。句子缺主语，根据“is”可知是单数概念。
根据“is to bring science to children all over Chile”表达的是目的，用名词“goal”。故填goal。
【24题详解】句意：成百上千的老师已经学会了如何让他们的科学课堂生动有趣。根据“learned how to”可知用“learn
how to do”表示“学会怎样做某事”。根据“their science classes fun and exciting”可知表达“使得他们的
科学课生动有趣”，用使役动词“make”。故填make。
Why can’t we be friends?
John Stewart was a poor but very smart kid and he always got top grades at school. He was shy, so he didn’t
have any friends. His classmate, Kevin, was a mean kid, who bullied almost everyone including John. He did well
in most subjects, but always failed math.
The two kids couldn’t be more different, but an act of ____25____ connected them. One day, John saw a lady
drop a purse on his way to school. The lady didn’t notice that. John caught up with her and handed the purse to her.
The lady happened to be Kevin’s mother. That evening, she told Kevin about the kind little boy who
____26____ the purse to her. She said, “His name’s John Stewart. I guess he goes to your school.”
“What?” Kevin said ____27____. “Did you mean poor John, my classmate?”
To thank John, Kevin and his mom decided to invite him over for some snacks.
The next day, when John saw big Kevin running towards him, he got really scared. He thought Kevin was
going to ____28____ him. Unexpectedly, Kevin gave him a big hug, “Thank you for returning my mom’s purse
yesterday!”
“You mean that nice lady?” John asked.
“Yes. She wants to invite you over for some home-baked cookies.”
“Well, I have to get my mother’s permission first.”
After school, they walked together to John’s home. John’s mom was more than happy to see her son with a
friend for a ____29____. She agreed at once after asking Kevin if his parents were OK with that.
The two kids enjoyed the freshly baked cookies Kevin’s mom served. Then, they did the homework together.
Kevin was amazed how John explained the usually very difficult math homework and made it look so easy.
With John’s help, Kevin ____30____ math tests successfully, and he seldom bullied anyone. They became
best friends as well.
25. A. trust B. friendship C. luck D. kindness
26. A. returned B. borrowed C. showed D. left
27. A. worriedly B. surprisedly C. patiently D. angrily
28. A. wake B. thank C. help D. beat
29. A. change B. plan C. offer D. invite
30. A. failed B. presented C. passed D. advised
【答案】25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C【解析】
【分析】文章讲述了害羞的男孩John几乎很少有朋友，他的同班同学Kevin总是欺负同学，两人看起来格
格不入。在John的一次善举之后，他们两个人互相帮助，成为了好朋友的故事。
【25题详解】
句意：这两个孩子完全不同，但一个善良的行为把他们联系在了一起。
trust信任；friendship友谊；luck运气；kindness善良。根据“One day, John saw a lady drop a purse on his
way to school. The lady didn’t notice that. John caught up with her and handed the purse to her.”可知约翰把女士
掉的钱包还了回去，这里描述的是一种善行，故选D。
【26题详解】
句意：那天晚上，她告诉凯文那个好心的小男孩把钱包还给了她。
returned归还；borrowed借；showed展示；left离开。根据“John caught up with her and handed the purse to
her.”可知，这里说的是小男孩把钱包归还给了她，故选A。
【27题详解】
句意：“什么？”凯文惊讶地说。
worriedly担心地；surprisedly惊讶地；patiently耐心地；angrily生气地。根据“What?”以及“Did you mean
poor John, my classmate?”可知，凯文听了妈妈的描述之后，应该是感到惊讶，故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：他以为凯文会打他。
wake叫醒；thank感谢；help帮助；beat打。根据“The next day, when John saw big Kevin running towards
him, he got really scared.”可知，约翰害怕是因为他以为凯文会打他，故选D。
【29题详解】
句意：约翰的妈妈看到儿子有了改变，和一个朋友在一起，非常高兴。
change改变；plan计划；offer提供；invite邀请。根据“He was shy, so he didn’t have any friends.”以及“his
son with a friend”可知，约翰有了改变，交了新朋友，这是一个改变，妈妈很开心，故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：在约翰的帮助下，凯文成功地通过了数学考试，他很少欺负别人。
failed失败；presented颁发；passed通过；advised建议。根据“Kevin…math tests successfully”可知，成功
地通过了考试，故选C。
三、阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D选项中选出最佳选项。
（共26分, 每小题6分）
A
Susan, the USMy best friend is Fanny. She is clever and interesting. We always look after each other. The first week we met,
I got sick and she looked after me every day.
Betty, England
My best friends is Anna. She is honest and serious. We were born in the same city in England. Then I moved
to America with my family. I thought I would never see Ana again. When I went to college in New York, Ana and I
shared the same room!
Ken, Japan
I love to spend time with Daisuke because he is funny and smart. We enjoy talking about the funny things we
did when we were children, and tell the same stupid jokes over and over again.
Lily, Australia
Linda is a very confident girl and she is really kind. Some people may wonder why Linda and I are best
friends because we are totally different, but I think this is why we are such good friends.
31. Who is Susan’s best friend?
A. Anna B. Fanny C. Linda D. Daisuke
32. Where is Ken from?
A. Australia B. The US C. England D. Japan
33. What is Linda like?
A. Confident and kind. B. Funny and smart. C. Honest and serious. D. Clever and interesting.
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A
【解析】
【分析】这篇文章分别讲述的了来自美国的Susan，英国的Betty，日本的Ken和澳大利亚的Lily，他们的
好朋友的情况。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“My best friend is Fanny”可知，Susan最好的朋友是Fanny，故选B。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Ken, Japan”可知，Ken来自日本，故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Linda is a very confident girl and she is really kind”可知，她又自信又善良，故选A。
BDereck Joubert and his wife, Beverly, have made many films about wild animals in Africa. Their films and
photographs are very popular and one of the photographs has been on the front cover of a National Geographic
magazine.
A working day for Dereck and Bevely started very early—at 4: 30 in the morning! That’s when they get up
and start filming. And it’s a long day—they often work until 8: 30 in the evening. In the winter it’s very cold and in
the summer it can be 40℃. Dereck always does the filming—Beverly never does that, and she doesn’t write. But
Dereck never takes photographs or records the sound. They work very well as a team, and they both believe we
should shoot animals with cameras—not with guns!
When they have finished filming and taking photographs for the day, they have dinner and Dereck usually
writes while Beverly looks at her photographs. At night, they usually sleep in a small tent, but they sometimes sleep
in the Land Cruiser—when you’re very close to wild animals, it’s sometimes safer to sleep in the car!
Dereck and Beverly have also traveled around the world and given talks about their work. Dereck says that the
animals are not just something to look at—they play an important role. Beverly thinks the wild animals can teach
us a lot about ourselves.
34. Dereck and Beverly start working ________.
A. at 4: 30 in the morning B. at 4: 30 in the afternoon
C. at 8: 30 in the morning D. at 8: 30 in the evening
35. Dereck and Beverly usually sleep ________ at night.
A. in a car B. in a tent C. in a house D. in a hotel
36. Beverly thinks the wild animals ________.
A. are something to look at B. are very popular
C. play an unimportant role D. can teach us a lot
【答案】34. A 35. B 36. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述德瑞克·朱伯特和他妻子贝弗莉拍照并且制作有关动物的影片的工作
经历。【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A working day for Dereck and Bevely started very early—at 4: 30 in the morning”可
知二人早上四点半就开始工作了。故选A。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“At night, they usually sleep in a small tent”可知晚上, 他们通常睡在小帐篷里。故
选B。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Beverly thinks the wild animals can teach us a lot about ourselves”可知贝弗莉觉得
野生动物可以教会我们很多东西。故选D。
C
Is your TV connected to the Internet? What about your chair, or your fridge? Probably they are not. But in the
future, most things in your home may be connected, thanks to the so-called “Internet of things”.
The Internet of things may be coming sooner than you think. Earlier this year, Samsung CEO spent a lot of
time talking about the Internet things. He said that four years from now, every Samsung product will be part of the
Internet of things, no matter whether it’s a remote control or a washing machine.
So, how do household(家用)objects that are part of the Internet of things work? Well, think of a common
chair. When connected to the Internet, the chair warms up when it knows the user has just walked into the room and
is feeling cold.
An Interet-connected camera could help people feel safer in their homes. It can know people’s faces and has
an infrared sensor(红外传感器), so even if it’s dark it can see when someone passes by and sends you a message
on your smart phone to let you know who’s there. If the person is someone you don’t know, it can tell you that, too.
But according to MIT Technology Review, whether companies are connecting dog food bowls or security (安
全)systems to the Internet, there may be some problems. For example, many early connected-home objects don’t
have much built-in security, which means they could be hacked(被黑客攻击). Moreover, it could be difficult to
get these new machines to work together, especially when they are made by different companies. To fight this,
many companies have joined the Open Interconnect Consortium, which had 45 members by late 2015.
So, picture this: you enter your home. The temperature changes to make you feel comfortable. Your favoritemusic starts playing for you. Do you think that this would be a good thing? It may happen sooner than you think.
37. The Samsung CEO’s speech is mentioned to prove(证明) that ________.
.
A Samsung produced the Internet of things in the past
B. the Internet of things will come into our daily life sooner
C. he spent a lot of time talking about the Internet of things
D. Samsung products are part of the Internet of things
38. Which of the following is true?
A. Cameras can recognize people’s faces and see when someone passes by in the dark.
B. Companies have difficulty connecting security system to the Internet.
C. Connected-home devices can easily work together.
D. Companies which produce connected-home devices joined together to fight problems.
39. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How to produce the Internet of things. B. The way of connecting the Internet of things.
C. The Internet of things is coming in the future. D. The introduction to use the Internet of things.
【答案】37. B 38. D 39. C
【解析】
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了以后的家用设施将会更多地与网络相连，更加智能化。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The Internet of things may be coming sooner than you think.”可知，互联网的到来可能比
你想象的要快，所以不久我们日常生活将会出现物联网。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To fight this, many companies have joined the Open Interconnect Consortium, which had 45
members by late 2015.”可知，为了应对这一问题，许多公司加入了开放互联联盟(Open Interconnect
Consortium)。截至2015年底，该联盟已有45家成员。所以为了让互联网家庭设备能协同运作，许多生产
联网家居设备的公司建立另一个组织。故选D。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据“But in the future, most things in your home may be connected”可知，在未来，你家里的大
多数东西可能都是联网的，以及后文又讲述了几个已经实现联网的设备，由此可推断文章主题是互联网的
设备是未来的趋势。故选C。
D
Large gatherings such as weddings and conferences can be socially crowded. Pressure to learn people’s names
only adds to the stress. A new facial recognition app could come to save you, but privacy （隐私） expertssuggested using with care.
The app, called Social Recall, connects names with faces through smartphone cameras and facial recognition,
avoiding the need for formal introductions. “It breaks down the social difficulties we all have when meeting
somebody,” says Barry Sandrew, who created the app and tested it at an event attended by about 1, 000 people.
After receiving an invitation to download Social Recall from an event organizer, the user is asked to take two
selfies（自拍照） and sign in through social media. At the event, the app is active within a certain area. When a
user points his or her phone camera at an attendee’s face, the app recognizes the person, displays the person’s name,
and links to his or her social media. To protect privacy, it recognizes only those who have agreed to participate. And
the app’s creators say it automatically deletes users’ data after an event.
Ann Cavoukian, a privacy expert who runs the Privacy by Design Center of Excellence praises （表扬） the
app’s creators for these protective measures. She calls for people’s attention, however, that when people choose to
share their personal information with the app, they should know that “there may be unwanted consequences （后
果） down the road with that information being used in another social environment that might come back to bite
you.”
The start-up has also developed a version of the app for individuals who suffer from prosopagnosia, or “face
blindness,” a condition that prevents people from recognizing people they have met. To use this app, a person first
gets an image of someone’s face, from either the smartphone’s camera or a photograph, and then tags it with a
name. When the camera sees that same face in real life, the entered information is shown. The collected
information is stored only on a user s phone, according to the team behind the app.
40. Social Recall is used to ________.
A. take photos B. organize events C. make friends D. help us remember others’
names
41. Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A. how the app works B. how the app was created
C. what makes the app popular D. what people can do with the app
42. Social Recall helps people with prosopagnosia by ________.
A. giving names to the photos kept in their smartphones
B. collecting information
C. providing the information of a person when they first meet
D. showing the person’s information when it sees a stored face
43. What can we learn about Social Recall from the passage?
A. It may put people’s privacy at risk.B. It caused unwanted result.
C. It can prevent some communication disorders.
D. It is praised（被称赞） by many users for its protective measures.
【答案】40. D 41. A 42. D 43. A
【解析】
【分析】本文主要讲述了帮助人们记忆人脸的一款应用，并对其特点以及工作原理进行了解释和说明。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The app, called Social Recall, connects names with faces through smartphone cameras and
facial recognition, avoiding the need for formal introductions.”可知，Social Recall软件是用来帮助我们记住别
人的名字。故选D。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“After receiving an invitation to download Social Recall from an event organizer, the user is
asked to take two selfies…”和本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了Social Recall软件是如何运作的。故选A。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When the camera sees that same face in real life, the entered information is shown.”可知，
Social Recall软件通过当它们看到已存储的面容时，显示这个人的信息来帮助患有面孔失认症的人。故选
D。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据“A new facial recognition app could come to save you, but privacy experts suggested using
with care.”可知，Social Recall软件可能会拯救你，但隐私专家建议谨慎使用。由此推断，Social Recall软件
可能会危及人们的隐私。故选A。
四、（共10分, 每小题10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
If you dropped a piece of fruit on your computer keyboard, would you think about eating it again? What if you
dropped it in the toilet? Bacteria(细菌) can live everywhere, even in some unexpected places.
If you eat at your computer, sneeze on your keyboard, or sit down to surf the Internet without first washing
your hands, your computer keyboard could be bad for your health. According to the US National Research Centre,
the average computer carries 400 times more bacteria than a toilet bowl(抽水马桶) does.
Could one of the dirtiest things in your home be right in your hand? Yes. The TV remote control. It gets
dropped on the floor, put on the sofa and everyone in the house holds it. Scientists found that about half of the
tested remote controls carry the cold virus(病毒).
Don’t forget your toothbrush. Do you put it in the bathroom? Studies show that flushing(抽水冲洗) the toiletreleases(释放) bacteria in the air. Bacteria can remain in the air for at least two hours. They may pollute your
toothbrush. You can find ways to solve this problem. Try to keep your toothbrush far from the toilet. Make sure that
it is in an upright position after each use. It’s also important to change your toothbrush every three months.
Here are some other places to watch out for:
At home
The kitchen is one of the places with the most bacteria — more than the bathroom. Dishcloths and kitchen
sponges(海绵) are great places for bacteria since they are always wet after being used. Try to make them dry.
At school
When you put your schoolbags on the floor or in the bus, many bacteria can live on the bottom(底部) of it. Try
to clean your schoolbag often.
In public places
Escalator handrails(电梯扶手), shopping cart handles(推车手柄), public books and magazines are top bacteria
carriers. That’s why the first thing to do when getting home is to wash your hands.
Yes, bacteria are everywhere. But don’t be too afraid to touch those things. Most of bacteria are harmless. Just
remember to wash your hands regularly. It is the most useful way to protect yourself from bacteria and viruses.
44. Where can bacteria live?
__________________
45. How many of the tested remote controls carry the cold virus?
__________________
46. How often should you change your toothbrush?
__________________
47. Why are dishcloths and kitchen sponges good places for bacteria?
__________________
48. How can you protect yourself from bacteria and viruses?
__________________
【答案】44. They can live everywhere.
45. About half of the tested remote controls.
46. Every three months.
47. Because they are always wet after being used.
48. We should wash hands regularly.
【解析】
【分析】文章讲了细菌无处不在。但是不要太害怕去碰那些东西。大多数细菌是无害的。只要记住要经常
洗手。这是保护自己免受细菌和病毒侵害的最有效的方法。【44题详解】
根据“Bacteria(细菌) can live everywhere, even in some unexpected places.”可知，细菌可以在任何地方生存，
甚至在一些意想不到的地方。故填They can live everywhere.
【45题详解】
根据“Scientists found that about half of the tested remote controls carry the cold virus(病毒).”可知，科学家发
现大约一半的测试遥控器携带感冒病毒。故填About half of the tested remote controls.
【46题详解】
根据“It’s also important to change your toothbrush every three months.”可知，每三个月更换一次牙刷也很重
。
要 故填Every three months.
【47题详解】
根据“Dishcloths and kitchen sponges(海绵) are great places for bacteria since they are always wet after being
used.”可知，洗碗布和厨房海绵是细菌的好地方，因为它们在使用后总是湿的。故填 Because they are
always wet after being used.
【48题详解】
根据“Just remember to wash your hands regularly. It is the most useful way to protect yourself from bacteria and
viruses.”可知，记得要经常洗手，这是保护自己免受细菌和病毒侵害的最有效的方法。故填 We should wash
hands regularly.
五、根据中文意思写句子, 英文提示短语供参考。（共8分, 每小题2分）
49. Tony每天坐地铁去学校。（underground）
__________________
【答案】Tony goes to school by underground every day.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】每天every day，坐地铁去学校go to school by underground；本句时态是一般现在时，主语是第三
人称单数，动词用三单。故填Tony goes to school by underground every day.
50. 医生建议我多吃新鲜的蔬菜和水果。（advise）
__________________
【答案】The doctor advised me to eat more fresh vegetables and fruit.
【解析】
【详解】医生：The doctor；建议：advise；我作宾语用“me”；多吃：eat more；新鲜的：fresh；蔬菜：
vegetables，根据语境可知，此处用复数形式；和：and；水果：fruit。根据语境可知，该句为一般过去时，谓语用动词的过去式，“advise”的过去式是“advised”，advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事。故填 The
doctor advised me to eat more fresh vegetables and fruit.
51. 我花了两个月读完这本书。（take）
__________________
【答案】It took me two months to finish reading the book.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】固定句式：It takes/took sb+时间+to do sth“某人花费时间做某事”，动词不定式作主语；two
months“两个月”；finish reading the book“读完这本书”，描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，故填
It took me two months to finish reading the book.
52. 北京热情欢迎来自世界各地的人们。（welcome）
__________________
【答案】Beijing warmly welcomes people from all over the world.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】warmly welcome热情欢迎；people from all over the world来自世界各地的人们。由句意可知时态
是一般现在时，主语是单数，后跟动词第三人称单数形式。故答案为 Beijing warmly welcomes people from
all over the world.
53. 越来越多的动物们正处在濒危状态。（in danger）
__________________
【答案】More and more animals are in danger.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】more and more animals越来越多的动物；be in danger处在濒危状态。由句意可知时态是一般现在
时。故答案为More and more animals are in danger.
54. 为了传播中国文化，最终他创建了这个公司。（spread, set up）
__________________
【答案】Finally, he set up the company in order to spread Chinese culture.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】finally最后；set up创建；in order to do sth为了做某事；spread Chinese culture传播中国文化。由句意可知时态是一般过去时。故答案为Finally, he set up the company in order to spread Chinese culture.
55. 大本钟是世界上最出名的建筑之一。（Big Ben）
__________________
【答案】Big Ben is one of the most famous buildings in the world.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】描述事实用一般现在时，Big Ben大本钟，作主语，be动词用is；“one of the 形容词最高级+名词
复数”表示“……之一”，famous著名的，最高级前面加most，building建筑物，in the world世界上，表
范围。故填Big Ben is one of the most famous buildings in the world.
六、文段表达。（10分）
56. 秋天是北京最美丽的季节，你的朋友Tom计划从上海来北京进行一次两天的旅行。关于上海到北
京的最佳交通工具请你给出建议并说明你的理由，并且对市内景点的观光游览提出简单的建议。不少于60
词。（请使用两种以上表达建议的句式）
提示词语：high-speed rail（高铁）, car, coach, Tian’anmen Square（天安门广场）,
Temple of Heaven（天坛）, the Palace Museum（故宫）
提示问题：
● Which do you think is the best way to Beijing?
●Why do you think it is the best way?
●Where do you advise Tom to go?
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________.
【答案】例文
Dear Tom,
There are many means of transportation from Shanghai to Beijing, such as high-speed rail, car and coach.
Why not take the high-speed rail? It is convenient and fast. Beijing is an ancient city with a long history. If you are
interested in ancient Chinese architecture, let’s visit the Tiananmen Square, the temple of heaven and the ForbiddenCity.
I’m looking forward to your coming.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示要点，给出一些关于朋友从上海来北京旅行的建议，可以适当的
发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。
2. 写作指导：写作时要紧扣主题，本文应该用第二人称来描述；时态采用一般现在时；在介绍内容时，力
求语言准确，内容完整，保证行文连贯，条理清晰。
七、（共12分, 每小题6分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内选择恰当的单词，并用其正确的形式填空。每个单词只使用一次。
enjoyable （adj.） favourite （adj.） jog （v.） excite （v.）
wear （v.） have （v.） healthy （adj.） relax （v.）
Jogging is good for us and helps us live longer and ____57____ lives. It’s easy to do and free. You do not have
to spend money ____58____. You can do it in a park or even in your home. But many people find it boring after
jogging for a while. Then how can we keep jogging fun? Here are some ideas to make your jogging more
interesting. Why don’t you ____59____ a try?
First, you should choose ____60____ your favourite sports clothes and shoes when you jog. They make you
more comfortable and more likely to run.
Always jog outdoors. By changing your route and choosing another street, you will always have something
interesting to enjoy while you jog.
Take along your MP3 player and listen to your favourite songs when you jog. The music can make you
____61____ and run farther without feeling bored.
It’s always ____62____ with a friend than running alone. Make friends while jogging. Join a running club,
find a new running partner, or invite an old friend to go jogging. It’s better to find a friend who runs a little faster
than you. Then you can try to catch up him or her.
【答案】57. healthier
58. jogging
59. have 60. to wear
61. excited
62. more enjoyable
【解析】
【分析】慢跑对我们是有益的，有助于我们更健康的生活。首先跑步的时候你应该选择穿你最喜欢的运动服和运动鞋。总是在户外慢跑。当你慢跑时带着你的MP3播放器听你喜爱的歌曲。与一个朋友一起慢跑会
更愉快。
【57题详解】
句意：慢跑对我们有好处，帮助我们活得更久、更健康。此处介绍慢跑的好处，healthy“健康的”符合语境，
和前面的longer作为并列定语，用形容词比较级形式。故填healthier。
【58题详解】
句意：你不必花钱慢跑。本文介绍慢跑，选择jog，spend money doing sth“花钱做某事”，故填jogging。
【59题详解】
句意：你为什么不试试呢？have a try“试一试”，固定短语，故填have。
【60题详解】
句意：首先，当你慢跑时，你应该选择穿你最喜欢的运动服和运动鞋。根据“your favourite sports clothes
and shoes”可知，是穿运动服和运动鞋，选择wear，choose to do sth“选择做某事”，故填to wear。
【61题详解】
句意：音乐可以让你兴奋，跑得更远而不感到无聊。根据“The music can make you…and run farther without
feeling bored.”可知，音乐让你兴奋、不无聊，make sb+adj，修饰人用excited，故填excited。
【62题详解】
句意：和朋友一起跑步总比一个人跑步更有趣。根据“It’s always…with a friend than running alone.”可知，
一起跑步比一个人更有趣，选择enjoyable，根据than可知，用形容词比较级，故填more enjoyable。
八、阅读短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D选项中选出最佳选项。（共
8分, 每小题8分）
What does the word “patent (专利权)” mean to you? Does it interest you? If it does, stop and think a moment
about some of the common things that you use every day: the telephone, radio, television, and the thousands of
other things that enrich our lives today, were once only ideas in the minds of men. If it had not been possible to
patent their ideas, so as to protect them from being copied, these inventions might never have been fully developed
to serve human beings.
If there were no patent protection, there would be little encouragement to invent, for once the secrets of an
invention became known, those who did not experience the inventor’s risks and expenses (花费) might well fill the
market with their copies of his product and steal much of the benefit (益处) of his efforts.
The most basic values in the U. S. patent system came from England. During the rule of Queen Elizabeth I in
England, the growing technology was furthered by the giving of exclusive privileges (独家特权) to people who had
invented new processes (程序) or tools—a step that did much to encourage creativity. Later, an important value was
added: society had everything to gain and nothing to lose by giving exclusive privileges to an inventor, because apatent for an invention was given for something new that society never had before.
George Washington signed the first patent law on April 10, 1790, and less than four months later, the first
patent was given to a man named Samuel Hopkins for a chemical process, an improved method in soap making.
In 1936, the Patent Office became a separate department and it has grown into an organization of over 2,500
people who every week deal with more than 1,600 patent applications, and of those, give more than 1,000. A patent
may be given for any new and useful process, machine, or planning method.
The patent system has also helped to improve the pay of the American worker to an unexpected level; he can
produce and earn more by using computers or adding machines, two important patented inventions. Patented
inventions also help keep prices down by encouraging competition.
Our patent laws, like the Constitution from which they grew, have stood the test of time. They have
encouraged creative processes, brought great benefits to society as a whole, and enabled American technology to
outstrip that of the rest of the modern world.
63. From the passage, what can we learn about inventors?
A. They make a lot of money.
B. They fight against copiers.
C. They have a lot of experience.
D. They put effort into inventions.
64. Why were inventors given exclusive privileges?
A. Because their inventions made leaders happy.
B. Because their creativity is very important.
C. Because their inventions could enlarge society.
D. Because they were the smartest people in society.
65. According to the passage, the patent system is good for America because ________.
A. it helps more workers get jobs
B. it provides a first-class service
C. it produces less expensive things
D. it helps inventors find markets
66. What is the meaning of “outstrip” in the last paragraph?
A. be better than B. catch up with C. make better use of D. cost more than
【答案】63. D 64. B 65. C 66. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述专利权以及给发明者授予独家特权是为了保护发明者的努力，鼓励他
们的创造力，同时有益于生产更多廉价的产品，给社会带来极大的益处。【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“the inventor’s risks and expenses”及“his efforts”可知发明者为发明付出了努力。故
选D。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“the growing technology was furthered by the giving of exclusive privileges to people
who had invented new processes or tools—a step that did much to encourage creativity”给发明者独家特权是为了
鼓励创造性，说明创造力很重要。故选B。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The patent system has also helped to improve the pay of the American worker to
an unexpected level; he can produce and earn more by using computers or adding machines, two important
patented inventions. Patented inventions also help keep prices down by encouraging competition”专利系统对美国
人有好处，提高工人的收入，可以生产更多赚得更多，可以鼓励竞争，降低价格，可知可以生产出更便宜
的东西。故选C。
【66题详解】
词义猜测题。此处是“American technology”美国的技术与“of the rest of the modern world”现代世界的其余
部分进行比较；根据“They have encouraged creative processes, brought great benefits to society as a whole”可知
outstrip表示“更好，胜过”，相当于be better than。故选A。本试卷的题干、答案和解析均由组卷网（http://zujuan.xkw.com）专业教师团队编校出品。
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