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【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单
专题 04 过去分词六大考点归纳（讲案）原卷版
（快问快答+考点细目+精讲精练+真题分类+作文升格+原创语填）
目录
一、过去分词快问快答 P 2
二、过去分词五年高考真题细目表 P 2
考点清单一：过去分词作定语用法 P3
考点清单二：过去分词作状语用法 P3
考点清单三：过去分词作宾语补足语用法 P4
考点清单四：过去分词作表语用法 P5
考点清单五：“连词+过去分词”构成状语从句省略用法 P5
考点清单六：过去分词用于谚语、插入语用法 P5
分类训练（一）过去分词五年高考真题通关 P6
分类训练（二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 P7
分类训练（三）过去分词助力应用文写作升格 P8
分类训练（四）过去分词助力读后续写升格 P8
分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创） P9
“汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛澳大利亚赛区总决赛落幕 P9一、过去分词快问快答
Q1：什么叫过去分词？
A1：过去分词是非谓语动词一种形式，基本形式为done。
Q2：过去分词能充当什么成分？
A2：过去分词在句中作表语、定语、状语或宾语补足语。
Q3：学习过去分词难点在哪里？
A3：一是掌握过去分词四大句法功能，二是掌握过去分词和不定式、现在分词的区别，三是掌握过去分
词短语作定语的用法。
Q4：阅读过程中遇到过去分词（短语）怎么办？
A4：利用括号法把整个过去分词括起来视为一个整体来理解，这也是英语长难句分析的最简单有效办法。
Q5：学好过去分词有什么意义？
A5：一能化繁为简迅速提高文章阅读能力，二能在书面表达巧妙运用过去分词提升句子表达效果。
Q6：如何才能学好过去分词？
A6：一是努力掌握过去分词基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，学以致用。
二、过去分词五年高考真题细目表
过去分词五年高考真题细目表
卷别 作状语 作宾补 作定语 作表语
2024浙江1月卷 designed
2023新高考I卷 recognized
2023全国甲卷 intended
2023全国乙卷 built
2023浙江1月卷 surrounded
2022全国甲卷 held
2022浙江1月卷 studied
2021新高考I卷 astonished
2021新高考II卷 excited
2021北京卷 caused
2020北京卷 found
2020全国II卷 decorated
compared（插
2020浙江1月卷
入语）
2019北京卷 marked考点清单一 过去分词作定语用法
场合 用法 示例
1.过去分词作定语表示一个被动 A number of roads have been blocked by fallen trees.
done 的、已发生的动作； 许多道路被倒下的树堵住了。
2.单个分词修饰名词作前置定 Many words associated with life in the West are Spanish.
语；分词短语修饰名词作后置定 许多与西方生活有关的单词都是西班牙语。
语。
being done 表示一个被动的、正在进行的动 Did you see that boy being questioned by the police?
作。 你看见那个男孩受到警察的盘问了吗?
to be done 表示一个被动的、将要发生的动 The meeting to be held next week is of great importance. 下
作。 周要举行的会议很重要。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. From the dates ____________ (mark) on the gold coin, we decided it was made five hundred years ago.
2. Can those ____________/ ____________ (sit/seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?
3. A team of scientists ____________ (lead) by a professor has found out that the monarch is able to tell the time
of day.
4. The club, ____________ (found) 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.
5. The old lady was so kind that she adopted many ____________ (abandon) cats and dogs.
6. The house ____________ (build) there soon will be a library.
7. There is a great deal of evidence ____________ (indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the
brain.
8. Foods ____________ (intend) for old people and children should be soft, tasty, small and light.
9. With the government’s aid, those ____________ (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new
settlements.
10. The traditional tea-making in China is a whole system ____________ (involve) knowledge, skills, and
practices about the management of tea plantations, picking of tea leaves, manual processing, drinking, and sharing
of tea.
考点清单二：过去分词作状语用法
场合 用法 示例
1.过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语,用 Laughed at by many people, he continued his
done 作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，强调 research. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的
该动作与句子主语之间的被动关系； 研究。
2.“be+过去分词+介词”结构作状语时，be Lost in thought, he almost ran into a tree.
动词省略。 他陷入沉思，差点儿撞到树。
1.现在分词可以作时间、原因、条件、伴随、 The car was caught in a traffic jam, thus
结果状语，强调与句子主语之间主动关系; causing the delay.
doing 2.现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句 这辆车遇到了交通堵塞，因而导致了延误。
子主语保持一致。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. ____________ (encourage) by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
2. ____________ (disappoint) by the result, the candidate left the stage with tears in her eyes.
3. ____________ (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
4. ____________ (determine) to give up smoking, he threw away his remaining cigarettes.
5. When ____________ (expose) to danger and conflict, people's blood pressure tends to increase.
6. ____________ (face) with the heavy financial burden, he is thinking of moving to an area with low livingexpenses.
7. The research is so well-designed that once ____________ (finish), it may make a difference to this filed.
8. The child fell, ____________(strike) his head against the door.
9. I started early, only ____________(miss) the train because of the traffic jam.
10. ____________(wait) for an hour, he realized he had left his wallet at home.
考点清单三: 过去分词作宾语补足语用法
场合 用法 示例
1.巧记观感使役类动词--注意让迈克听 She couldn't make herself heard because of the traffic
听看看这块表有啥感觉(notice, let, make, noise.
观感使役类 hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, 由于交通噪音太大，她无法让别人听到她的声音。
动词+sb+ feel); Before driving into the city, you are required to get your
done 2.过去分词作宾语补足语，表示与宾语 car washed.
之间被动关系。 在开车进城之前，你必须把车洗干净。
1.过去分词作宾语补足语表示一个被动 With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.
with+名 的、已完成的动作； 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。
词/代词+ 2.对比：该结构中动词不定式表示将要 She had to walk home with her bike stolen.
done 发生的动作；现在分词表示一个主动动 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。
作；
3.省略 with 则该结构变为独立主格结
构。
【即时训练一】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see (carry) out the next year.
2. She returned home, only to find the door open and a number of things (go/steal/miss/go/lose)
3. The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes (fix) on the screen.
4. He got his bad tooth ________ (pull) yesterday, for it had caused him too much pain.
5. When I came in, I found a strange girl ___________(seat) in the corner.
【即时训练二】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. He rushed into the room, with his face (cover) with sweat.
7. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ______________(finish) for the day.
8. With the difficult problem_________(settle), he threw himself in the sofa in relief.
9. It is estimated that by the end of this year, the number of people using hanfu products in China will reach 6.89
million, with total sales ________ (expect) to reach 10.16 billion yuan.
10. With Mr. Smith (teach) them English, they will be greatly improved next term in spoken
English.
考点清单四: 过去分词作表语用法
场合 用法 示例
现在分词 现在分词作表语，放在系动词之后，说 The explanation was confusing. I got confused.
作表语 明主语的身份、性质或情况，常翻译为 这个讲解是令人费解的，我被弄糊涂了。
“令人……”。
过去分词 过去分词作表语，表示“感到……”， The pupils will get confused if they learn too much
作表语 主语多为人。 at a time.
如果学生一次学太多，他们会感到困惑。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Please remain (seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
2. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to get (change) before the party.
3. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ______
(connect).
4. The story was so (move) that all of us were (move) to tears.
5. Tom sounds very___________(interest) interested in the job, but I'm not sure whether he can manage it.
考点清单五：“连词+过去分词”构成状语从句省略用法
场合 用法 示例
连词+ 连接词+过去分词表示与主语之 If (you are)accepted for this post, you will be informed
过去分词 间被动关系。 within a week.
如果你被接受担任这个职务，将在一礼拜内给你通
知。
连词+ 连接词+现在分词，表示与主语 As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was
过去分词 之间主动关系。 singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌
曲。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. He stood up all of a sudden as if ____________ (say) to say something.
2. When first ____________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
3. No matter how frequently (perform), the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
4. When____________(compare) cultures, we often focus on the differences without noticing the similarities.
5. When ____________ (ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and
rewarding.
考点清单六：过去分词用于谚语、插入语典型用法
场合 用法 示例
Compared 用 作 插 入 语 ， 表 示 Compared with traditional education, online education has many
with/to… “与……相比”，这时to advantages.
和with均可。 与传统教育相比，在线教育有许多优势。
Given that 意为“考虑到，鉴于”， Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job
… 后接从句。 for her.
考虑到她对孩子的兴趣，教书似乎是她合适的工作。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. United we stand; (divide) we fall.
2. Well (begin), half done.
3. Friendship is like money: easier made than (keep).
4. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, (compare) with his old one.
5. As the saying goes, “Once __________(bite), twice shy.”
分层训练（一）过去分词五年高考真题通关
考点一：考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系）
1.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs
__________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
2.（2023新高考I卷）Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food
historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
3.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone.4.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more
than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build)
system of ring roads.
5.（2023 浙江 1 月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in
concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
6.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in
Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
7.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________
(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
8.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20
years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
9.（2019 北京卷）Earth Day, __________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public
awareness about environmental protection.
10.（2020 北京卷）A piece of stone __________ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human
relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought.
考点二：考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语（与宾语之间构成被动关系）
11.（2021新高考I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）.
12.（2020全国II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________ (decorate) with red
envelopes and messages of good fortune.
考点三：考查过去分词短语作表语（多表示“感到……”）
13.（2021新高考II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
考点四：考查过去分词短语作插入语
14.（2020浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________
(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population
分层训练（二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组
Group 1
1. _________ (see) from the top of a hill, the city looks very attractive.
2. _________ (see) from the top of a hill, we find the city very attractive.
Group 2
3. The man __________(call) himself John Smith used to lived here.
3. The man __________(call) John Smith used to lived here.
Group 3
5.When _________ (heat), ice will change into water.
6.When _________ (leave) the airport, he waved to us again.
Group 4
7. Most of us went to see her last weekend, some girls _________(include).
8. Most of us went to see her last weekend, _________(include)some girls.Group 5
9._______(compare) with traditional education, online education has many advantages.
10. __________(compare)your phone with mine, I know my phone is out of date.
Group 6
11. He was surprised to see some villagers _________(seat) at the back of the classroom.
12. To his surprise, he saw some villagers_________(seat) themselves at the back of the classroom.
Group 7
13.The question ___________(discuss) now at the meeting is very important.
14.The question ___________(discuss) at the meeting last week is very important.
15. The question ___________(discuss) at the meeting next week is very important.
Group 8
16. __________(follow) by Hank, we entered the dining room.
17. __________(follow) Hank, we entered the dining room.
18. __________(follow) Hank, and we'll enter the dining room.
Group 9
19.Thousands of holidaymakers remained _______ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
20.The teacher said there were still so many problems ________(remain) to be solved.
21. Please remain _________(seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
Group 10
22.With so much work ____________ (fill) my mind, I almost break down.
23.With my mind____________ (fill) with so much work, I almost break down.
24.With a lot of tough problems ____________ (settle), the new president is having a hard time.
25.With much homework ____________ (finish), I can’t go shopping with my mum.
26.With my homework ____________ (finish), I went shopping with my mum happily.
27.She had to walk home with her bicycle ____________ (steal) yesterday.
分层训练（三）过去分词助力应用文写作升格
书面表达句式升级：请运用过去分词翻译下列各句。
1. (2022全国乙卷) 因为缺乏自律，他们更容易对网上聊天和玩电脑游戏上瘾。
____________________________________________________________________________
2. (2022全国甲卷) 没有海洋，就没有生命可以活下来，包括人类。
____________________________________________________________________________
3. (2023新高考卷) 考虑到这些关切，我想提供一个口语练习可供选择的办法。
____________________________________________________________________________
4. (2021全国乙卷) 和传统学校教育相比，网上学习可以随时随地发生。
____________________________________________________________________________
5. (2021全国乙卷) 我很荣幸站在这里演讲，题目是“做一名智慧的网络学习者”。
____________________________________________________________________________
6. (2021全国乙卷) 这不仅使我们随时随地学习，还可以为我们提供各种为我们定指的学习材料。
____________________________________________________________________________7. (2021全国乙卷) 另外，密切跟踪老师网络课堂内容是明智的，以便我们可以更加参与、聚焦和有动力。
____________________________________________________________________________
8. (2021全国甲卷) 消息传来我们学校将要举行一个与中国传统风俗有关的班会。
____________________________________________________________________________
9. (2021新高考I卷) 自从订阅《青年》报纸以来我已成为一名忠实的读者。
____________________________________________________________________________
10. (2021新高考I卷) 尽管我感到很困惑，我还是收到很多鼓励，这给我信心去成为一名作家。
____________________________________________________________________________
分层训练（四）过去分词助力读后续写升格
1. (2024浙江1月卷) 她不仅对这种赞美感到惊讶，而且还对她认为无法实现的非凡胜利感到惊讶。
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2024浙江1月卷)在广阔的学校里，一个定向能力差的女孩很难导航，经常迷路。
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2024浙江1月卷)带着这种新发现的决心，她开始以不同的心态对待自己的高中经历。
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2023新高考I卷)沉浸在喜悦之中，他向我挥手表示祝贺。
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2023新高考I卷)我被这个消息惊呆了，当同学们胜利地举起手时，我激动得哽咽了。
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2022新高考I卷)听到这个消息，我非常感动和高兴，紧紧地拥抱了我的老师。
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2022新高考I卷)看到他非常痛苦，我们几乎感到自己的血液凝固了。
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2022新高考I卷)在我的鼓励下，大卫下定决心参加这次大型越野跑。
___________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2021新高考I卷)一切都解决了，父亲离开了厨房，答应保守他们的秘密。
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2021新高考I卷)父亲看到这里一片狼藉，吓得僵住了，好像在地上扎了根似的。
___________________________________________________________________________________
分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）
Australian teens learn Chinese to broaden horizon
“汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛澳大利亚赛区总决赛落幕
Xinhua | Updated: 2024-06-06 06:28For many teenagers in culturally diverse Australia, 1 (master) a new language other than
English opens up an avenue 2 (bond) with friends of a different background, explore alternative ways
of life and view the world with a 3 (broad) horizon.
The Australia Final of the 17th "Chinese Bridge" Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreign Secondary
School Students 4 (wrap) up in Sydney on May 27, with 12 young contestants from all across the
Oceanic country. After taking a 5 (write) test on basic knowledge in the opening round, the Australian
teenagers walked onto the stage, delivering speeches that echoed the theme of "Fly High with Chinese".
In the final round, a spectrum of talent shows brought the competition to a climax, 6 the
contenders dressed up in elaborate Chinese traditional clothing, such as hanfu, qipao and 7 entire set
of Peking Opera costumes, to demonstrate their understanding of Chinese culture.
The final round also featured 8 (performance) of both traditional Chinese dance and
modern hip-hop, and some contestants displayed their calligraphy abilities.
Hallie Richards from Methodist Ladies' College 9 (eventual) emerged as the winner of this
year's Australia final. With the support of her mother, Richards has been studying Chinese 10 the
age of five. This year marks her second time competing in the Chinese proficiency competition.
