文档内容
Unit 3 Food and Culture
目标导航
重点词汇 阅读单词
1．bold adj.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的
2．peppercorn n．胡椒粒
3．vinegar n．醋
4．lamb n．羊羔肉；羔羊
5．lamb kebab烤羊肉串
6．dim sum n．点心(中国食品)
7．temper n．脾气；火气
8．vegetarian n．素食者
9．junk n．无用的东西
10．brand n．品牌
11．olive n．油橄榄；橄榄树
12．fig n．无花果
13．ingredient n．(尤指烹饪)材料；成分
14．dough n．生面团
15．stable adj.稳定的；稳重的
16．haggis n．(苏格兰)羊杂碎肚
17．bun n．圆面包；小圆甜饼
18．chilli n．(NAmE＝chili)(pl.-es)辣椒
19．red braised pork红烧肉
20．pepper n．甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉
21．slice n．(切下的食物)薄片 vt.把……切成薄片
22．onion n．洋葱；葱头
23．garlic n．蒜
24．bacon n．熏猪肉；咸肉
25．ham n．火腿
26．sausage n．香肠；腊肠
27．bean curd n．(＝tofu)豆腐
28．chew vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎 n．咀嚼
29．pearl n．珍珠
30．vitamin n．维生素
31．dairy adj.奶制的；乳品(业)的 n．乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂32．moderation n．适度；合理
33．modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的
34．junk food(＝junk)垃圾食品
重点单词
1．cuisine n．菜肴；风味；烹饪
2．prior adj.先前的；优先的
3．recipe n．烹饪法；食谱
4．chef n．厨师；主厨
5．stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品
6．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的
7．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量
8．cabbage n．甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜
9．dessert n．(饭后)甜点
10．canteen n．食堂；餐厅
11．cafeteria n．自助餐厅；自助食堂
12．pork n．猪肉
13．somewhat adv.有点；稍微
14．madam n．夫人；女士
15．calorie n．卡路里(热量单位)
16．category n．类别；种类
17．fibre (especially US fiber) n．纤维；纤维制品
18．quantity n．数量；数额
19．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物)
20．fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则
21．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏
22．overall adv.总体上；大致上 adj.全面的；综合的
词汇拓展 1．consist vi.由……组成(或构成)；在于→consistent adj.一致的；连续的
2．exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的→except prep.除……外→exception n．例外
3．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户→consumption n．消
费；消耗
4．association n．协会；关联→associate vt.把……联系起来；交往 adj.副的
重点词组 1．prior to在……之前的
2．consist of由……组成(或构成)
3．slice...off切下
4．regardless of不管；不顾
重点句型 1．Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，withChinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.
来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变以适应美国人的口
味。
2．On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans.
另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人有了很多的了解。
3．Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the
chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了
食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
4．Everywhere，the food was as varied as the people.
世界各地，食物和人一样多样。
5．And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are
twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于
10%的人的两倍。
知识精讲
知识点01 association n.协会；关联；联想；交往
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The book on Chinese cuisine was published in (associate) with a local company.
(2)Prior to participating in the activity，I used to associate happiness money.
【答案】1.association2.with
•in association with...与……合作；与……有关联
•associate vt.联想；联系
associate...with...把……和……联系在一起
•be associated with...与……有关
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。
This exhibition was organized by the local government in association with several paper-cutting artists.
(4)只要你和思想积极的人交往，你一定会获得成功。
As long as you associate with positive-thinking people，it is certain that you are going to achieve success.
知识点2 quantity n.数量；数额
先练基础——单句语法填空(1)A large quantity of ingredients (be) used by the chef working in the school canteen every day.
(2)Large quantities of desserts (be) consumed by the madam，who receives more calories than
necessary.
【答案】1.is2.are
•a large/small quantity of；large/small quantities of，“大量的/少量的”，修饰可数名词复
数或不可数名词。“a quantity of＋名词”作主语，谓语的数与其后所接名词的数保持一
致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。
•in quantity/in large quantities大量地
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我想推荐成都作为你的旅游目的地，因为成都有许多景点，例如都江堰。(应用文之推荐信)
I’d like to recommend Chengdu as your travel destination，because Chengdu has a large quantity of tourist
attractions，such as Dujiangyan.
(4)得知你在打篮球方面有许多经验，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们的篮球俱乐部。(应用文之邀请信)
Learning that you have a large quantity of/large quantities of experience in playing basketball，I’m writing to
sincerely invite you to join our basketball club.
知识点3 trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏
v．欺骗；欺诈
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)These naughty boys played tricks the shy girl，who at last lost her temper.
(2)She tricked him giving up a large quantity of money belonging to him.
【答案】1.on 2.into
•play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人
•trick sb.out of sth.骗取某人某物
trick sb.into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)作为一名来自美国的交换生，我喜欢吃水饺。你可以告诉我包水饺的诀窍吗？(应用文之求助信)
As an exchange student from America，I like eating dumplings.Would you please tell me the trick of making
dumplings?
知识点4 consist of由……组成(或构成)
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Life mainly consists happiness and sorrow while happiness consists in struggle.
(2)Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always consistent the reality.【答案】1.of 2.with
•consist in在于；存在于；以……为主
•consist of＝be made up of＝be comprised of＝be composed of由……组成
注意：consist of没有进行时态和被动语态。
•consistent adj.一致的；连续的
be consistent with...与……一致
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。(读后续写之升华句)
①It is universally acknowledged that life not only sunshine but also storms.
②It is universally acknowledged that life not only sunshine but also storms.
③It is universally acknowledged that life not only sunshine but also storms.
④It is universally acknowledged that not only sunshine but also storms life.
(4)这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的历史和现状。
①The short film， ，introduces the history and present situation of our school.
(运用分词短语作定语，consist)
②The short film， ，introduces the history and present situation of our school.
(运用定语从句，consist)
【答案】3.consists of， is made up of ，is composed/comprised of ，make up4.consisting of two parts，which
consists of two parts
知识点5 regardless of不顾；不管
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Our club is open to everyone regardless age，sex or educational background.
(2)They continued to work regardless of the fact it was raining.
【答案】1.of 2.that
•regardless of 不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
regardless of the fact that...不顾……的事实
•in spite of＝despite尽管(后常接名词，不接从句)
•with regard to关于；至于
再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(3)不管有多大的挑战，为了给妹妹赢一双新鞋，阿里(Ali)决定参加跑步比赛。尽管在比赛中意外摔倒，阿
里还是跳了起来，冲向终点线。至于结果，阿里赢得了三等奖，获得了新鞋，像鸟儿一样飞奔回家。
Regardless of great challenges，Ali was determined to take part in the running race to win a new pair of shoes for
his sister.In spite of/Despite an unexpected fall during the race，Ali jumped to his feet and dashed towards the
finish line.With regard to the result，Ali won the third prize，got the new shoes，and flew to his home like a bird.知识点6 形容词短语作状语
Tired ， hungry ， and not knowing a word of Chinese ，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began
filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如
何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
形容词tired，hungry和现在分词短语not knowing a word of Chinese 在本句中作状
语。
形容词(短语)作状语：
(1)说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。
(2)表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。
能力提升——完美写作·句型转换/完成句子·背诵
(1)They were excited and moved.They were in tears.(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)
→ ，they were in tears.(形容词短语作状语)
(2)I was afraid of not finding our way to the farm.I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.(读后
续写之恐惧心理描写)
→ ，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.(形容词短语作
状语)
(3)使我们欣慰的是，丢失的孩子10天后回到家，筋疲力尽但很健康。
To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later， .
【答案】1.Excited and moved2.Afraid of not finding our way to the farm3.exhausted but healthy
知识点7 倍数表达法
And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely
to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或
更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。
倍数的表达方式：
•A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B
•A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B
•A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length...)＋of B
语法精讲
过去完成时与过去完成时的被动语态
[观察例句]
1．When my family and I had just arrived in China，we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing.
2．Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef justbegan filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
3．A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend，and finally，we found it.
4．Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food
that had been changed to suit American tastes.
[归纳用法]
1．例句1和2的黑体部分为过去完成时，其构成为“had＋动词过去分词”，表示过去某一时间或动
作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。
2．例句3和4的黑体部分为过去完成时的被动语态形式，其构成为“had＋been＋动词过去分词”，
表示过去某一时间以前已经被完成的动作。
一、过去完成时
表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果，
用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。在英语时态中，“时”指动作发生的时间，“态”指
动作的样子和状态。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，侧重事情的结果。由“had＋过去分词”
构成。
基本结构：had＋动词过去分词
(1)肯定句：主语＋had＋动词过去分词＋其他。
He had already been to New York earlier in the week.
本周早些时候他去过纽约。
(2)否定句：主语＋had＋not＋动词过去分词＋其他。
At that time we hadn't met her.
那时我们还没有见到她。
(3)疑问句：Had＋主语＋动词过去分词＋其他？
肯定回答：Yes，主语＋had.
否定回答：No，主语＋hadn't.
—Had you visited here before?
——你以前参观过这里吗？
—Yes，I had./No，I hadn't.
——是，我去过。/没有，我以前没有去过。
(4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组＋had＋主语＋过去分词＋其他？
Where had you been before you came here?
你来这里前还去过哪儿？
(5)被动语态：主语＋had (not)＋been＋动词过去分词＋其他。
By the end of last year all the preparatory work had been done.
到去年底为止，所有的准备工作都完成了。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①He (work) in the store for five years before he moved here.
②When I got to the station，the train (leave)．③The task (finish) before 12：00 yesterday.
【答案】1.had worked2.had left3.had been finished
二、基本用法
1．表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的
过去”。可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表
示，还可能通过上下文来表示。
By nine o'clock last night，we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.
到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200张飞船发来的图片。
2．表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for，since构成的时间
状语连用。
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。
He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.
他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
3．叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使
用过去完成时。
Mr.Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.
史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。
I didn't know a thing about the verbs，for I had not studied my lesson.
我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。
4．在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
I returned the book that I had borrowed.
我已归还了我借的书。
She found the key that she had lost.
她丢失的钥匙找到了。
5．过去完成时常常用在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时
从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
He said that he had known her well.
他说他很熟悉她。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before.
我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。
6．状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去
时。如：when，before，after，as soon as，till/until引导的复合句。
When I woke up，it had already stopped raining.
我醒来时雨已停了。
She didn't go to bed until she had finished her work.
她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。
注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含 before和after的复合句中，因为从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
After he arrived in England，Marx worked hard to improve his English.
马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。
7．动词think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、
打算或意图等。
They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.
他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。
We had hoped to be able to come and see you.
我们本来希望能来看看你。
8．过去完成时还可用在hardly...when...，no sooner...than ...，it was the first (second，etc) time (that)．..
等固定句型中。
Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
他刚到就又走了。
It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.
这是他那一年第三次失业了。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①We (build) five new buildings by the end of last year.
②I could see from her face that she (receive) some good news.
③He said he (be) there before.
④We realized we (lose) our way.
⑤We (hope) that you would be able to visit us.
【答案】1.had built2.had received3.had been4.had lost5.had hoped
三、与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，以now的时间为基点，但侧重对now产生的结果或造成的影响；
过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，以过去时间为基点，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的
过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。
比较：I have learned 1，000 English words so far.
到目前为止我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。
I had learned 1，000 English words till then.
到那时为止我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。
—I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
——对不起，让你久等了。
—Oh，not at all.I have been here only a few minutes.
——没什么，我只等了几分钟。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①The concert (start)．We have to look for our seats in the dark.②You're too late；the train (leave)．
③He (teach) English for twenty years when he retired.
④They (get) everything ready before I came.
【答案】1.has started2.has left3.had taught4.had got
四、过去完成时的被动语态
过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时态和被动语态的结合。表示过去某一时间以前已经被完成的动
作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。由“had＋been＋过去分词”构成。
1．过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种形式
(1)肯定结构：主语＋ had been done ＋其他成分。
(2)否定结构：主语＋ had not been done ＋其他成分。
(3)疑问句结构：had ＋主语＋ been done ＋其他成分？
疑问词＋ had ＋主语＋ been done ＋其他成分？
2．过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下三种情况
(1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。
By the time he got to the school，the first class had been finished.
当他到达学校时，第一节课已经结束了。
The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came.
老师来之前，教室还没有打扫过。
How many buildings had been destroyed when the earthquake ended?
地震结束时有多少建筑物被毁？
(2)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。
As the assignment had been done，he went on to search the Internet.
任务完成后，他继续上网搜索。
He did what he had been told to.
他做了别人叫他做的事。
另：当从句由after，before，when或 as soon as引导时，主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。
When he arrived，he called her.
他到达时，给她打了电话。
They locked the door before they left.
在离开前，他们把门锁上了。
(3)在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过
去完成时。
They said the production costs had been reduced.
他们说生产成本已经降低了。
The girl was reminded that her homework had not been handed in.
那个女孩被提醒她的家庭作业还没有交。
The media reported more than 1，000 people had been killed in the earthquake.媒体报道有1 000多人在地震中丧生。
[名师点津]
过去完成时被动语态与现在完成时被动语态用法区别：现在完成时被动语态表示相对于现在来说已被
完成的动作，过去完成时被动语态表示相对于过去某一时刻来说已被完成的动作。
例如：This polluted river has been cleaned.
这条被污染了的河流已被净化。
析：该句表示到现在为止这条河流已被净化。
例如：He said this book had been translated into Japanese.
他说这本书已被译成日语。
析：该句表示到他说话时所体现的时间为止这本书已被译成日语。
[即学即练4] 单句语法填空
①The earthquake (predict) several days before.
②The device (use) operationally some months previously.
③Our classroom (clean)．You needn't clean it now.
④The child (take) care of by grandma all these years.
【答案】1.had been predicted 2.had been used3.has been cleaned4. has been taken
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I surfed the net and (see) an online advertisement，so I sent an email，saying that I
wanted the job.
2．The universities in Britain (take) in many students from China and other Asian
countries over the past few years.
3．The interviewer was interested in the grades I (get) in the exams.
4．By the time we got a report，the firemen (put) out the fire in the bar already.
5．We'll have to wait in line.The fastfood restaurant (be) shorthanded for weeks.
6．She (want) to help you but she had no time then.
7．All the film tickets (sell) out when I got to the cinema.
8．The wallet (wrap) up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost.
9．By the end of that day，most of the inhabitants (leave) their homes.
10．It was the third time that he (make) the same mistake.
【 答 案 】 1.saw 2.have taken 3.had got4.had put5.has been6.had wanted 7.had been sold 8.had been
wrapped9.had left10.had made
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．她告诉我她当空中乘务员好几年了。
She told me that for quite a few years.
2．她说她已来过上海。
She said that Shanghai.
3．我们到日本前学过一点日语。We before we came to Japan.
4．我不想看那部戏剧，因为我已经看过了。
I didn't want to see the play because ．
5．到上学期末，我们已读了十篇短篇小说。
By the end of last term ．
6．这是他第一次输掉比赛。
It was the first time ．
7．投资黄金一直被认为是万无一失的赚钱方法。
Investment in gold a sure route to make money.
8．经过短暂的步行，我们到达尸体被人发现的地方。
After a short walk，we arrived at the place where .
9．然而，几天之后，有人告诉他说弄错了。
However，a few days later，he was told that ．
10．我半夜回来时，她还没有做完工作。
When I came back at midnight ．
【答案】1.she had been an air hostess
2. she had been to
3.had studied a little Japanese
4.I had already seen it
5.we had read ten short stories
6.he had lost the game
7.has been seen as
8.the body had been found
9.a mistake had been made
10.she still hadn't finished the work
写作园地
描述类说明文
描述类说明文一般是用简明的语言对某个事物、某项活动、某个产品或者某种风俗习惯进行描写，从
而给读者提供知识的一种文体。
[基本框架]
描述类说明文的结构安排：
1．简要说明所要描述的事物。
2．从不同的方面详细说明，并表达自己的看法或观点。
3．总结概括。
写作时应注意以下三个方面：
1．此类书面表达通常为话题作文或看图作文，所以应仔细研读提示信息或图画，明确应围绕什么问题或现象展开评论。
2．围绕主题进行拓展。根据要求和提示信息合理安排篇章中各部分内容的比例，做到详略得当、条理
清楚、文字简练。
3．时态：多采用一般现在时，但如果提示中给出了具体时间，可对时态进行相应的调整。
[常用词块]
1．keep us healthy使我们健康
2．have healthy eating habits有健康的饮食习惯
3．in different ways以不同的方式
4．be very important for对……非常重要
5．stay far from远离
6．a growing focus on health care越来越注重养生
7．be of great help to对……帮助很大
8．change some of our eating habits改变一些我们的饮食习惯
9．for some reason由于某个理由；由于某种原因
10．realize the importance of意识到……的重要性
[常用语句]
1．Healthy eating habits are very important for our health.
健康的饮食习惯对我们的健康很重要。
2．Besides，we should focus on a balanced diet，which assures us the necessary nutritions.
此外，我们应该注意饮食平衡，这能保证我们必要的营养。
3．It is said that most of the students do not eat anything at all in the morning，which is very bad for health.
据说大部分的学生早上几乎什么都不吃，这对健康是有害的。
4．As the saying goes，bread is the staff of life，eating healthily and deliciously is the goal we pursue.
俗话说，民以食为天，吃得美味又健康是我们所追求的目标。
5．From my point of view，in order to build healthy eating habits，we should eat more vegetables and less
fat and sugar.
我认为，为了养成健康的饮食习惯，我们应该多吃蔬菜，少摄入脂肪和糖分。
6．All in all，we should realize the importance of healthy diet.
总之，我们应该意识到健康饮食的重要性。
请用英语写一篇短文，描述自己的饮食习惯，并就“健康饮食”提出自己的看法或建议。
注意：1.字数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[参考范文]
Like most people from the North，cooked wheaten food is always my favorite.I often have noodles for
breakfast，steam bread or pancake for lunch and supper.I eat vegetables every day.I like seafood though it's a little
expensive.I often go out for good meals with my families and friends，but we often eat a lot of meat there.
I think we should form healthy eating habits.Breakfast is very important to our health.Besides，we'd better eat
less meat and more fresh vegetables.All in all，we should realize the importance of healthy diet.
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共10分)
1．Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature ，thus creating a
(稳定的) environment.
2．While the lady looks (文雅的)，actually she is hard to get along with.
3．They firmly believe that color is (基本的) in home design.
4．The increase of energy will even make you more willing to exercise，and that will raise your (总
体上) energy even more.
5．The two office buildings are (有点) alike in appearance.
6．All the young people know that eating too much food is bad for their health，but they can’t resist
it.
7．He couldn’t join the army，because he was below the height allowed by the rules.
8．To my amazement，he lost his suddenly and threw a glass vase at her.
9．Although he is famous all over the country，he is still quite .
10．Literature can be divided into two main ：fiction and non-fiction.
【答案】1.stable2.elegant3.fundamental4.overall5.somewhat6.junk 7.minimum 8.temper 9.modest10.categories
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共10分)
11．Success in the ability to make efforts through failures.(consist)
12．All students without (exceptional) must take the English exam.
13．When it comes to ， in the developed countries the most energy in the
world.(consume)
14．The Student is organizing many physical activities，because health is with exercise.
(associate)
15．The novel (consist) of ten chapters is popular with teenagers all over the world.【答案】11.consists ，consistent 12.exception13.consumption，consumers ，consume 14.Association ，
associated 15.consisting
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写 (每小题2分，共10分)
16．当被问到发生了什么事时，他一句话也不说。
，he kept silent.
17．我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。(强调谓语)
t there will be more meaningful activities in the coming future.
18．他僵在那里，睁大眼睛看着这恐怖的场景。(形容词短语作状语)
He froze on the spot， .
19．她的心灵像雪一样纯洁。(as...as...)
.
20．我花在学习上的时间是你的三倍。(倍数的用法)
I spent
【答案】16.When he was asked what had happened17.We do hope that 18.wide-eyed at the horrible scene19.Her
soul is as pure as snow20.three times as much time on my study as you did
题组B 能力提升练
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子
为本单元的语法项目：过去完成时)
Foods are fundamental to our life.Among various recipes，Chinese exceptional cuisine 1. of
quantities of categories is popular all over the world.Regardless of what you like，you can always have
something delicious to 2. .If you are a vegetarian，you can choose ingredients such as olive and
garlic.You can also eat rice，bean curd，raw vegetables served in vinegar and pancake rolls stuffed with
sliced green onions，which contain abundant 3. and fibre.If not，you can select dairy，lamb
kebab，ham，sausage，red braised pork，and bacon，through which you can receive more calories.Prior
to having the next meal，you can also enjoy 4. desserts like a bun.If you often include pepper，
peppercorn or chili in your daily diets ，you are likely to be 5. or lose your temper
easily.Overall，to keep fit，we should have a consistent eating habit，eat a modest amount of food and 6.
slowly each time.Although there is no trick to ideal healthy eating，moderation is the key.So if you had
enjoyed junk food before ，perhaps your health would break down.Let’s take action to live a healthy life.
【答案】1.consisting 2.consume3.vitamins 4.elegant 5.bold 6.chew
题组C 培优拔尖练
Ⅰ.完形填空
[一]
One afternoon，I took my daughter to go ice skating.I grew up ice skating，a(n) 1 much like riding a
bike.And she was eager to learn.We 2 stepped onto ice that was more slippery than I 3 .No sooner didour blades(冰刀) 4 the frozen area than both my daughter and I felt ourselves hurtling(猛冲) toward the
ground.I feared my daughter falling again and asked her to stay aside watching but she 5 .At that moment，
her friend pirouetted(单脚尖旋转) toward us.She said，“Falling is part of any new 6 .I’ll help her to
skate！” My daughter looked at me with 7 eyes and I agreed.
Seconds later，my daughter 8 .I gasped as she struggled to get up.Then I watched her 9 for her
friend’s hand，get back on her 10 ，and skate off only to fall three paces later.Over time，her falling
became 11 .When they finally came back to the benches，my daughter exclaimed in 12 ，“Mama! I
fell 22 times！” I spent the next hour watching my daughter 13 the rink.After falling，she got up by
clinging to the wall and started to glide until she could make it all the way around without a single fall. 14 my
daughter stepped off the rink，with a 15 smile，“Mama! I did it! I did it！”
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的女儿学习滑冰的故事，在无数次摔倒后，作者的女儿
并没有放弃，最后成功地学会了滑冰，作者通过这个故事告诉我们——做任何事情都不要轻言放弃。
1．A.course B．skill C．experience D．story
B【解析】句意为：我从小就滑冰，这项技能很像骑自行车。course课程；skill技能；experience经历，经
验；story故事。根据常识可知，滑冰和骑自行车都是技能。故选B。
2．A.stably B．hurriedly C．awkwardly D．skillfully
C【解析】句意为：我们笨拙地踩在冰面上，冰面比我记忆中的还要滑。stably稳定地；hurriedly匆忙地；
awkwardly笨拙地；skillfully有技巧地。故选C。
3．A.imagined B．expected C．noticed D．remembered
D【解析】句意见上题解析。imagine想象；expect期待；notice注意；remember记得。故选D。
4．A.touch B．press C．cut D．hit
A【解析】句意为：我们的冰刀一碰到结冰的地方，我和女儿就感到自己向地面冲去。touch接触；press
压；cut切割；hit击打。故选A。
5．A.succeeded B．nodded C．refused D．laughed
C【解析】句意为：我担心我的女儿再次摔倒，让她站在一边看着，但她拒绝了。succeed成功；nod点
头；refuse拒绝；laugh笑。故选C。
6．A.system B．attempt C．discovery D．road
B【解析】句意为：摔倒是任何新尝试的一部分，我会帮她滑冰的！system系统；attempt尝试；discovery
发现；road道路。故选B。
7．A.eager B．worrying C．promising D．surprised
A【解析】句意为：女儿用渴望的眼神看着我，我同意了。eager渴望的；worrying令人担忧的；promising
有希望的；surprised惊讶的。故选A。
8．A.advanced B．backed C．stopped D．fell
D【解析】句意为：几秒钟后，我女儿摔倒了。advance前进；back支持；stop停止；fall摔倒。故选D。
9．A.look B．send C．care D．reach
D【解析】句意为：然后我看到她伸手去拉她朋友的手，重新站起来，滑了出去，只滑了三步又摔倒了。look看；send发送；care在乎；reach伸出。reach for...意为“伸手去够……”，是固定短语。故选D。
10．A.legs B．feet C．back D．hands
B【解析】句意见上题解析。get back on one’s feet是固定短语，意为“(经受打击后)重新站起来”。故选
B。
11．A.less frequent B．less likely C．more painful D．more graceful
A【解析】句意为：随着时间的推移，她摔倒的次数越来越少。less frequent低频率的；less likely较少可能
的；more painful更加痛苦的；more graceful更优雅的。故选A。
12．A.anger B．shock C．fear D．delight
B【解析】句意为：当她们最终回到长椅上时，我女儿惊讶地叫道：“妈妈！我摔了 22次！”anger怒
气；shock吃惊；fear恐惧；delight高兴，快乐。故选B。
13．A.seek B．circle C．leave D．approach
B【解析】句意为：接下来的一个小时，我看着女儿在溜冰场转圈。seek寻找；circle转圈；leave离开；
approach靠近。故选B。
14．A.Finally B．hardly C．Quickly D．Slowly
A【解析】句意为：最后，我女儿从溜冰场上走了下来，笑容灿烂，“妈妈！我做到了！我做到
了！”finally最后；hardly几乎不；quickly快速地；slowly慢慢地。故选A。
15．A.kind B．wide C．forced D．relieved
B【解析】句意见上题解析。kind善良的；wide(笑容)大大的，灿烂的；forced强迫的；relieved放心的。故
选B。
[二]
Exercise and I have never had a good relationship due to my fear of sports.From a young age，my dad 1
me into a dozen sports.I didn’t like any of them， 2 .
When I entered the University of Regina，my dad 3 telling me “You have to find a way to stay 4 ”
or “You don’t want to get the Freshman 15，do you？” So I 5 to give swimming a shot，but I 6
managed to go to the pool twice during the fall semester(学期)．Worse still，I was 7 to convince myself that
“Yeah，that’s OK.”
Spring semester came.A friend of mine 8 me one day asking if I wanted to go to Zumba with her.All I
knew about Zumba was that it was basically exercise dancing to Latin and pop songs.It didn’t sound too bad，but I
couldn’t be 9 .
I went，and that was it.Zumba became my 10 of tea.The instructor would always say，“Don’t worry
about the steps.Have fun.Do your own thing.” That removed my 11 about sports.I didn’t have to be 12 .I
didn’t even have to be good.I just need to 13 the music and move.Zumba did 14 me from the Freshman
15，but it also did so much more.It let me make 15 with my unpleasant past with physical fitness，and
enjoy staying healthy.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小就不喜欢运动，甚至产生了恐惧的心理，但是
一次偶然的机会，作者接触到了尊巴舞，这种舞蹈使作者克服了对运动的恐惧，并且获得了健康。1．A.expected B．allowed C．forced D．invited
C【解析】expect期待；allow允许；force强迫，迫使；invite邀请。根据“I didn’t like any of them”可知，
作者不喜欢这些运动，都是爸爸强迫她做的。故选C。
2．A.therefore B．though C．instead D．besides
B【解析】therefore因此；though不过，可是，然而；instead反而，代替；besides此外。上文提到作者从
小就接触了很多项运动，再结合“I didn’t like any of them”可知，上下文形成转折关系。故选B。
3．A.avoided B．risked C．regretted D．kept
D【解析】句意为：当我进入Regina大学时，我爸爸一直对我说：“你必须找到保持身材的方法”或者
“你不想让一个新生重15磅，是吧？”avoid避免；risk冒险；regret后悔；keep保持。故选D。
4．A.in shape B．for fun C．at ease D．on business
A【解析】句意见上题解析。in shape在外形上，处于良好状态；for fun开玩笑地，为了好玩；at ease安
逸，自在；on business因公，出差办事。故选A。
5．A.refused B．happened C．bothered D．decided
D【解析】句意为：所以我决定尝试一下游泳，但在秋季学期，我只去了两次游泳池。refuse拒绝；happen
发生；bother使烦恼；decide决定。故选D。
6．A.hardly B．merely C．constantly D．gradually
B【解析】hardly几乎不；merely仅仅；constantly不断地；gradually逐渐地。but前后为转折关系，上文提
到作者决定通过游泳来保持体形，此处表示只去了两次。故选B。
7．A.eager B．content C．embarrassed D．disappointed
B【解析】句意为：更糟糕的是，我满足于说服自己“好吧，没关系。”eager渴望的；content满足的；
embarrassed尴尬的；disappointed失望的。故选B。
8．A.teased B．comforted C．approached D．annoyed
C【解析】句意为：一天，我的一个朋友靠近我，问我是否想和她一起去跳尊巴舞。tease嘲笑；comfort安
慰；approach靠近，接近；annoy使厌烦。故选C。
9．A.happy B．proud C．careful D．sure
D【解析】句意为：那听起来不太糟，但我不能肯定。happy开心的；proud骄傲的；careful小心的；sure
确定的。故选D。
10．A.cup B．part C．share D．mouth
A【解析】句意为：尊巴成了我的最爱。cup杯子；part部分；share一份，份额；mouth嘴巴。cup of tea为
固定短语，意为“钟爱的事物，恰合口味”。故选A。
11．A.curiosity B．passion C．scare D．confidence
C【解析】句意为：那消除了我对体育运动的恐惧。curiosity好奇心；passion激情；scare害怕；confidence
自信。故选C。
12．A.perfect B．enthusiastic C．adorable D．ambitious
A【解析】句意为：我不必事事完美。perfect完美的；enthusiastic热情的；adorable可爱的，讨人喜爱的；
ambitious有雄心的。故选A。13．A.accept B．feel C．display D．compare
B【解析】句意为：我只需要感受音乐，动起来。accept接受；feel感觉；display陈列，展示；compare比
较。故选B。
14．A.witness B．separate C．discourage D．save
D【解析】句意为：尊巴确实让我免于在一年级时增重15磅，但它的作用还不止这些。witness目击，见
证；separate使分开，使分离；discourage使泄气；save拯救，节省。故选D。
15．A.trouble B．sense C．peace D．contact
C【解析】句意为：它让我用身体的健康与不愉快的过去和解，并享受健康。trouble麻烦；sense感觉，意
识；peace和平；contact联系。make peace with为固定短语，意为“与……言归于好”。故选C。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Over 100 panda fans sang Happy Birthday and enjoyed cake as they celebrated 1.
38th birthday of Xin Xing，the world’s oldest giant panda，living in captivity(圈养) on Sunday morning at
Chongqing Zoo.
The female panda 2. (expect) to break the Guinness World Record for the longest living giant panda
ever.At 38，Xin Xing has reached the equivalent(相等) of about 110 3.
130 in human years.Despite the hot weather，Xin Xing 4. (come) out of her air-conditioned panda house
to enjoy a cake made of ice covered by her favourite foods，including bamboo leaves and shoots，apples，carrots
and watermelon，in the outdoor playground.When she was younger，she ate 5. (fast) and much more
than other pandas.Now that her 6.
(tooth) are loosening as she ages，the zookeepers peel (去除) the hard skin off the bamboo shoots and choose
green bamboo leaves 7. they cut into small pieces.
Xin Xing,8. (bear) in Sichuan Province in 1982，was rescued in the wild and sent to Chongqing Zoo
in 1983.Her 38th birthday is a big encouragement for those who devote 9.
(they) to protecting those precious species.The zoo panda experts have more 10.
(confident) in their work.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了熊猫迷为大熊猫新星庆祝38岁生日的事，并介绍了大熊猫
新星。
1. the【解析】考查冠词。句中“38th”为序数词，表示新星的第38个生日，序数词前应加定冠词the。故
填the。
2. is expected【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，expect意为“期待，期望”，
句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语panda与expect之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即熊猫被期望
打破吉尼斯世界纪录，应用被动语态；主语panda为单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is expected。
3.to【解析】考查介词。句中“110 130”表示的是“110岁到130岁”，这时中间应用介词to，表示
“(从……)到……”。故填to。
4. came【解析】考查动词的时态。文章讲述的是给新星庆祝生日的事，为过去的事，应用一般过去时，
动词要用过去式。come out of意为“从……中出来”，come的过去式为came。故填came。5.faster【解析】考查副词的比较级。根据句中 than可知，应用比较级，在把新星和其他熊猫进行对比，
fast意为“快速地”，比较级为faster。故填faster。
6.teeth【解析】考查名词的单复数。句中tooth意为“牙齿”，为可数名词，熊猫并不只有一颗牙齿，并由
空后的are可知，应用tooth的复数形式teeth。故填teeth。
7. that/which【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词 bamboo
leaves，为物，在从句中作cut的宾语，故应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。
8.born【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，bear意为“生(孩子)”，句中涉及固定短语“be born
in...”，意为“出生于……”，空格处为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Xin Xing，bear的过去分词为
born。故填born。
9. themselves【解析】考查固定短语。句中涉及固定短语“devote oneself to doing”，意为“致力于做(某
事)”，they的反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。
10.confidence【解析】考查词性转换。句中 have 为动词，后接名词作宾语，confident 的名词形式为
confidence，意为“信心”，为不可数名词。故填confidence。
