文档内容
押北京卷第 1-10 题
完形填空
考点
年份 体裁 类别 主题
形容
动词 名词 词、副 其他
词
2023年 记叙文 人与自我 从羞怯到自信的转变的故事 5 3 1 1
迟到的男孩不顾寒冷等待老
2022年 记叙文 人与社会 4 2 4 0
师来开门的故事
列车上一名男子救下一个小
2021年 记叙文 人与社会 5 2 3 0
男孩的故事
1.试题考查内容
近三年的完形填空均为10个题,文本类型均为“心灵鸡汤”类的记叙文。文本内容弘扬主旋律,传播正能
量。文本大多包含六大要素:时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。叙述过程中作者会加入对人物
语言、行为、心理的描写,也正是这方面的描写增加了学生做题的难度。整个文本包含“动作线索”和“情
感线索”双线索,通过对人和事的细致描写传达出作者要表达的意思和文章的中心思想。
2.试题考查词类
完形填空考查四类实词:以动词、名词为主;形容词、副词为辅。其中形容词和副词侧重考查人物心理变化
和精神状态,需要考生依据上下文和人物的动作进行推测,考生普遍反映此类试题较难。
（2023北京）
I was always timid(羞怯的). Being new to the school made me even 1 , so it was surprising I’d 2 to
anyone around me. Now I was paying the price—to write a five-page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”.
That would take all night!After I got home, though, I took my time petting the cat—postponing the pain.
When I finally sat down to 3 , I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear. Talking kept me and
my neighbours from 4 . One paragraph down; now what? I chewed on my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the
first step towards life as a criminal? Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn to theft and go to prison.
When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.” The pages began 5 .
But when mum got home from work, I was still 6 , “Five pages! That’s impossible!”
“Well, you’d better get back to work,” she said, “and I want to read it when you’re through.”
Soon after dinner, I handed the essay to mum. I half expected a 7 —at least an “I hope you’ve learned
your lesson”. 8 , mum laughed and laughed as she read.
The next day, when Ms Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughed. I could 9 they weren’t making
fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. My 10 still needed some nudging(激发),
but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print.
1. A. freer B. shyer C. calmer D. happier
2. A. nod B. point C. listen D. chat
3. A. weep B. rest C. write D. read
4. A. learning B. playing C. planning D. laughing
5. A. standing out B. flying by C. breaking up D. checking in
6. A. celebrating B. longing C. complaining D. warning
7. A. lecture B. reason C. reward D. solution
8. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. Instead
9. A. hope B. imagine C. tell D. predict
10. A. patience B. confidence C. tolerance D. independence
[语篇解读] 作者原本羞怯。转学后，因一次课上的“交头接耳”被老师罚写检讨。令人意想不到的是，
“检讨书”竟成了令人捧腹的佳作。作者也因此认识到自己在写作方面的潜力和天赋，最终实现了从羞怯
到自信的转变。
1. B 文章首句说作者总是很羞怯。空前的Being new to the school表示“初来这所学校”。根据常识可
知，害羞的人来到新环境会更加害羞（shyer）。timid和shy是同义词。
2. D 根据空前的so可知，前后构成因果关系。前一分句说初来这所学校，作者更害羞了，所以作者跟身
边的人聊天（chat）是令人惊讶的。后文中的“Why I Should Not Talk in Class”也是提示。
3. C 第一段倒数第二句说作者被罚写一篇5页的检讨书。第二段说作者回到家后一直拖延时间，迟迟不开
始写。此处表示作者最终坐下来写（write）了。第一段中的write是提示。4. A 根据第一段中的“Why I Should Not Talk in Class”可知，检讨书的主题是“我为什么不该在课堂上说
话”。由此可推知，此处表示说话使作者和邻座的同学无法学习（learning）。learning与in Class呼应。
5. B 前文中的“Aha!”表示发现某事物的喜悦，在此处表示作者豁然开朗，“Aha!”后为作者想象的内容。
思路打开了，所以开始在纸上书写。此处用“纸页飞过（flying by）”形容思如泉涌，一直不停地写。
6. C 根据第一段中的“That would take all night!”可知，起初，作者觉得写5页检讨书很难，会花费一整晚
的时间。第三段说作者的思路打开了，开始在纸上不停地书写。根据作者想象的内容和空前的 still以及空
后的“Five pages! That’s impossible!”可推知，虽然作者的思路打开了，但依然没有写够 5页，所以此处表
示作者在抱怨（complaining）写够5页是不可能的。
7. A 破折号表示解释说明。根据破折号后的at least an “I hope you’ve learned your lesson（我希望你得到了
教训）”可知，此处表示一顿训斥（lecture）。
8. D 空前说作者觉得会得到母亲的训斥，空后说母亲边读边笑，前后构成转折关系，故选D。instead意为
“然而”。
9. C 冒号表示解释说明。根据冒号后的“they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story”可知，同
学们笑是因为作者有讲好笑故事的能力。由此可推知，此处表示作者可以确切地判断出（tell）同学们不是
在笑话她。
10. B 通读全文可知，作者是一个害羞的人，老师让她写检讨书时她觉得是件难事，但是写的过程中思如
泉涌，写出的检讨书得到了母亲和同学们的认可。由此可推知，作者在这个过程中找到了自信
（confidence）。
通过对近三年完形填空的分析,我们可以发现,完形填空主要有以下五种考查方式:
(1)逻辑推理:考生依据上下文,运用“移情策略”,把自己设想为故事的主人公,依据人物身份进行合理推断,
选出符合人物心理描写的形容词和符合人物心理活动的动作。
(2)文化背景:完形填空均为中国或欧美文化生活的小故事,需要考生依据所学文化背景知识选出正确选项。
(3)词汇复现:完形填空文本虽短,但是对表达喜悦、紧张、失望等的单词、词组多使用同义词复现、近义词
复现,有时也会使用原词复现或反义词复现。
(4)词义辨析:每一个题的四个选项词性相同,但词义不同。多数情况下两个选项是“positive(积极、正向)”,两
个选项是“negative(消极、负面)”,有时一个选项也会是“neutral(客观、中立)”。
(5)熟词生义:所谓熟词生义就是指我们熟悉的一个单词在新的文本中用法、词性、词义不同,即不是我们所熟知的含义。熟词生义也往往是考试的难点。
解题小妙招
一、完形填空落实“三读法”
1.初读把握大意，找到明显答案；
2.细读逐空确定，疑难空做标记；
3.复读解决疑难选项，联系主旨作答。
二、重视词语复现五种类型
1.原词复现；2.近义词复现；3.同义词复现；4.反义词复现；5.同根词复现。
三、掌握词语辨析三大招
一看选项词义，二看选项搭配，三看语境逻辑。
一
（23-24丰台区一模）
I hadn’t seen Anne in nearly 20 years since college, yet we could still party like old times. It was great to have
her here, ___1___ our lives.
She was looking at the few blooms (花) left in my yard. I hadn’t planted much after losing my job. It had been
a ___2___ year for me. Just when I thought I was done with the bitterness, it would all come rushing back and the
___3___ thing on my mind was flowers.
“One of my hobbies is taking photos of ___4___,” she said and steadied herself near the last rose of the
season. I shrugged (耸肩), wondering why anyone would ___5___ taking time to look at a lowly rose.
Suddenly a hot song rang from her cell phone. “I set it to remind me to take my medicine,” she said calmly.
“An ___6___ for medicine?” I laughed. “Are we that old?”
“For my brain,” she smiled. “I have been diagnosed with a rare cancer, a small tumor (肿块) no bigger than
your fingernail,” she laughed softly. That was Anne—ever ___7___. Even cancer was no more than joking about.
So ___8___ that I was beyond words.
Later next day, an e-mail filled with the flower photos popped up from Anne—clear and beautiful. She had
gotten past the anger, the pity and unfairness, taking one moment at a time and polishing it until it ___9___.
I shifted my eye to outside, and I had her flowers in full bloom. Actually, I always had them, but it was Anne
who got me to really ____10____ them.1. A. saving B. watching C. sharing D. controlling
2. A. normal B. new C. satisfying D. difficult
3. A. last B. same C. only D. right
4. A. yards B. flowers C. parties D. people
5. A. bother B. avoid C. miss D. stop
6. A. award B. order C. alarm D. idea
7. A. optimistic B. attractive C. hard-working D. confident
8. A. nervous B. shocked C. relaxed D. lucky
9. A. ended B. failed C. shined D. fruited
10. A. arrange B. trust C. colour D. appreciate
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者和好友20年后相聚时分享生活，Anne得了癌症却仍
然乐观的生活，并且她会欣赏美丽的花，而作者会沉浸在痛苦中，Anne让作者真正懂得了要欣赏自己种的
那些花。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：能有她在这里，分享我们的生活真是太好了。A. saving节省，拯救；B.
watching观看；C. sharing分享；D. controlling控制。根据“I hadn’t seen Anne in nearly 20 years since
college, yet we could still party like old times.”可知，20年后好友重逢，应该是一起分享生活。故选C。
2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是艰难的一年。A. normal正常的；B. new新的；C. satisfying
令人满意的；D. difficult困难的；艰难的。根据“I hadn’t planted much after losing my job.”和“Just when I
thought I was done with the bitterness”可知，作者失去工作，感到痛苦，因此对她来说这是艰难的一年。故
选D。
3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在我以为我已经摆脱了这种痛苦的时候，它又会涌上心头，我脑海中最
后浮现的就是花。A. last最后的；B. same相同的；C. only仅有的，唯一的；D. right正确的。根据“Just
when I thought I was done with the bitterness, it would all come rushing back”可知，作者总是沉浸在痛苦中，
因此最后想到的才是花。故选A。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我的一个爱好是给花拍照，”她说着，在这一季最后一朵玫瑰旁边站稳了
脚跟。A. yards院子；B. flowers花；C. parties聚会；D. people人们。根据“I shrugged (耸肩), wondering
why anyone would ___5___ taking time to look at a lowly rose.”可知，此处指给花拍照片。故选B。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我耸了耸肩，不明白为什么有人会花时间去看一朵不起眼的玫瑰。A. bother
打扰，使烦恼；B. avoid避免；C. miss错过；D. stop停止。根据“the ___3___ thing on my mind wasflowers.”和“I shrugged (耸肩)”可知，作者觉得花时间看花是很麻烦的事。故选A。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“吃药的闹钟？”我笑了。A. award奖品；B. order顺序，命令；C. alarm警
报，闹钟；D. idea主意。根据““I set it to remind me to take my medicine,” she said calmly.”可知，此处表示
Anne设置闹钟提醒自己吃药。故选C。
7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是安妮一贯的乐观。A. optimistic乐观的；B. attractive吸引人的；C.
hard-working努力工作的，勤劳的；D. confident自信的。根据““I have been diagnosed with a rare cancer, a
small tumor (肿块) no bigger than your fingernail,” she laughed softly.”可知，Anne坦然的面对自己的疾病，因
此她是乐观的。故选A。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我震惊得说不出话来。A. nervous紧张的；B. shocked震惊的；C. relaxed放
松的；D. lucky幸运的。根据“I have been diagnosed with a rare cancer”可知，听说Anne患有癌症，作者感
到震惊。故选B。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她已经克服了愤怒、怜悯和不公平，一次又一次地打磨它，直到它闪闪发
光。A. ended结束；B. failed失败；C. shined发光，把……照向；D. fruited使结果实。根据“taking one
moment at a time and polishing it”可知，一次又一次的打磨是为了让它发光。故选C。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我一直都拥有它们，但是安妮让我真正懂得欣赏它们。A. arrange
安排；B. trust信任；C. colour给……上色；D. appreciate欣赏，感激。根据上文““One of my hobbies is
taking photos of ___4___,””可知，Anne让作者懂得欣赏自己种的那些花。故选D。
二
（23-24西城区一模）When Susan was a high school senior, her English teacher Mr. DiMeo gave the class a
challenging task: Recite a poem in front of the whole class.
“I had a mild stutter (结巴). I’d be ____1____ to get a word out that might begin with ‘D’ or ‘TH’, or I might
say ‘the’ three times,” Susan said. The thought of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the
poem was too much to ____2____.
Susan went home and ____3____ how scared she was to her mom, who agreed to write a note asking for her
to be ____4____ from doing the task in front of the whole class.
When the day of the recitation came, Susan recited the poem one-on-one to Mr. DiMeo. ____5____ she was
done, Mr. DiMeo said something she’d never heard before: that he liked listening to her voice. For the first time,
she considered the possibility that public speaking didn’t have to be a source of ____6____.
Susan went on to graduate from high school and go to college. She never got to properly thank Mr. DiMeo.
But sometime after college, she ____7____ a job as a corporate trainer. The new position made her realize howbig a (n)____8____ he had had on her confidence.
“I stand up in front of people and speak, and I do it all the time. If I do stutter once in a while, no big deal,”
she said. Susan recently found a way to ____9____ her former teacher, and plans on sending him a letter
expressing her appreciation.
In her mind, Mr. DiMeo is an unsung hero, because he’s a big reason why she has a successful career and life.
“I don’t know where I would’ve gone if I felt like I had to keep my voice ____10____ because I was afraid of
embarrassing myself. I’d like to thank him for that kindness.”
1.A. continuing B. struggling C. pretending D. hoping
2.A. share B. express C. find D. bear
3.A. taught B. proved C. revealed D. promised
4.A. excused B. prohibited C. corrected D. discouraged
5.A. While B. Although C. Unless D. Once
6.A. jealousy B. worry C. boredom D. loneliness
7.A. wanted B. offered C. landed D. created
8.A. impact B. idea C. choice D. stress
9.A. judge B. contact C. study D. interview
10.A. sweet B. loud C. quiet D. deep
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Susan说话轻微结巴，因DiMeo老师说喜欢她的声音Susan渐渐
有了信心，后来能够公开演讲，生活和事业都获得了成功。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Susan说：“我很难说出一个以‘D’或‘TH’开头的单词，或者我可能会说三
次‘the’。”A. continuing继续；B. struggling挣扎，吃力地进行；C. pretending假装；D. hoping希望。根
据前文“I had a mild stutter (结巴)”可知，Susan说话结巴，很难说出一个以“D”或“TH”开头的单词，故选
B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一想到要站在同学面前结结巴巴地念完这首诗，她就难以忍受。A. share分
享；B. express表达；C. find找到；D. bear忍受。结合语境及“stuttering through the poem”可知，一想到自
己会结结巴巴地背诗，Susan就难以忍受，故选D。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Susan回到家，向妈妈透露了她有多害怕，妈妈同意写一张纸条，请求在全班
同学面前允许她不做这个任务。A. taught教；B. proved证明；C. revealed透露；D. promised承诺。结合下
文“who agreed to write a note asking for her to be ____4____ from doing the task in front of the whole class”可
知，Susan向妈妈透露自己很害怕，妈妈答应为她请假，故选C。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. excused原谅，同意免除；B. prohibited禁止；C. corrected纠正；D.
discouraged劝阻，使泄气。结合下文“Susan recited the poem one-on-one to Mr. DiMeo”可知，此处指写一张
纸条请求不做这个任务，excuse sb from doing“同意某人不做”，故选A。
5.考查连词词义辨析。句意：她说完后，DiMeo先生说了一些她以前从未听过的话：他喜欢听她的声音。
A. While在……期间；B. Although尽管；C. Unless除非；D. Once一旦，一……（就）。结合“he liked
listening to her voice”可知，此处指Susan一说完DiMeo先生就说自己喜欢她的声音，故选D。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她第一次考虑到公开演讲不必成为忧虑的来源。A. jealousy羡慕，嫉妒；B.
worry担心，忧虑；C. boredom无聊，厌倦；D. loneliness孤单。根据市上文“how scared she was”可知，
Susan害怕公开演讲，故这应是让她感到忧虑，故选B。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但大学毕业后不久，她找到了一份企业培训师的工作。A. wanted想要；B.
offered提供；C. landed成功得到，赢得；D. created创造。根据下文“The new position made her realize…”
可知，此处指她成功得到一份新工作，故选C。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：新的职位使她意识到他对她的信心有多大的影响。A. impact影响；B. idea主
意；C. choice选择；D. stress压力。根据上文“For the first time, she considered the possibility that public
speaking didn’t have to be a source of ____6____”以及下文“he’s a big reason why she has a successful career
and life(他是她事业和生活成功的重要原因)”可知，DiMeo先生说自己喜欢Susan的声音，这使她发生了改
变，使她的事业和生活获得了成功，故此处指DiMeo先生对她的影响很大，故选A。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Susan最近找到了联系她以前的老师的方法，并计划给他写封信表达她的感激
之情。A. judge评价；B. contact联系；C. study学习；D. interview采访。根据“plans on sending him a letter
expressing her appreciation”可知，此处指找到了联系她以前的老师的方法，故选B。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“如果我因为害怕让自己难堪而不得不保持沉默，我不知道我会去哪里。
我要感谢他的好意。”A. sweet甜美的；B. loud大声的；C. quiet安静的；D. deep深的。根据“because I
was afraid of embarrassing myself”可知，Susan以前说话结巴，因为害怕让自己难堪会保持沉默，故选C。
三
（23-24门市头沟区一模）I was preparing for dinner with my husband when our daughter Rikki stormed
into the sitting room and marched to the sofa. I glanced out of the window and saw our neighbor Lexi walking
slowly back to her house with her head down, looking so ___1___.
“Why didn’t Lexi stay longer?” I asked her.
“I don’t want to play with her,” Rikki complained, “I wish she would stop coming over here all the time. Her
dress looks terrible and smells disgusting. Everyone in our class chooses to ___2___ her.” “That’s not her___3___ , Rikki. Maybe she doesn’t have anyone to help her.” I said.
“You see, baby,” her father began to say, “I really know how she felt when you showed your ___4___ to her
because I had the same experience when I was a kid. I was the poor kid with hand-me-down clothes, the kid who
others looked down on. That ___5___ never goes away.” He told her he wanted her to be kind and ____6____ ,
not judgmental and hurtful. Tears were streaming down her face.
Then we ___7___ Lexi to come over and have dinner with us. I remembered Lexi coming in all smiles. We
gathered together and soon I saw the girls talking and ___8___ . They had a great time. I could even see a sweet
glow in Rikki’s eyes.
Rikki began to think ____9____ from that day on. Lexi came over a few times after that. They became good
friends.
Today, Rikki has a heart of gold. She is always the first to welcome those whom others might _____10_____
and is generous in helping others. I truly believe that day made a major difference in the person she has become
today.
1.A. funny B. upset C. relaxed D. silly
2.A. punish B. inspire C. respect D. ignore
3.A. habit B. attitude C. fault D. quality
4.A. coldness B. selfishness C. strictness D. nervousness
5.A. dream B. thought C. feeling D. smell
6.A. honest B. curious C. normal D. helpful
7.A. assumed B. invited C. reminded D. warned
8.A. laughing B. arguing C. crying D. shopping
9.A. actively B. creatively C. professionally D. differently
10.A. worry about B. turn away C. depend on D. communicate with
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了吃晚饭时，作者瞥了一眼窗外，注意到邻居莱克西沮丧地走回家，
问及女儿原因，女儿因嫌弃莱克西衣服脏乱有味道而不想和莱克西玩，作者劝说女儿，且作者丈夫用自己
孩童时代被冷漠对待的经历让女儿明白了自己的错误，之后女儿改变想法，和莱克西成为好朋友的故事。
1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我瞥了一眼窗外，看到我们的邻居莱克西低着头慢慢地走回她家，看起来
很沮丧。A. funny有趣的；B. upset沮丧的；C. relaxed放松的；D. silly愚蠢的。由上文“saw our neighbor
Lexi walking slowly back to her house with her head down”可知，莱克西头低着，感到沮丧。故选B项。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们班的每个人都选择忽略她。A. punish惩罚；B. inspire鼓舞；C. respect尊重；D. ignore忽视。由上文““I don’t want to play with her,” Rikki complained”和“I wish she would stop
coming over here all the time. Her dress looks terrible and smells disgusting.”可知，班上的人（包括女儿）都嫌
弃莱克西衣服脏乱有味道，女儿也不想和莱克西玩，说明莱克西被人忽视了。故选D项。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这不是她的错，里基。也许她没有人帮她。”我说。A. habit习惯；B.
attitude态度；C. fault错误；D. quality质量。由下文“Maybe she doesn’t have anyone to help her.”可知，妈
妈认为莱克西衣服脏乱有味道也许是因为没有人帮她打理，不是她的错。故选C项。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的知道当你对她表现出你的冷漠时她的感受，因为我小时候也有同样的
经历。A. coldness冷漠；B. selfishness自私；C. strictness严格；D. nervousness紧张。由上文““I don’t
want to play with her,” Rikki complained”和“I wish she would stop coming over here all the time. Her dress looks
terrible and smells disgusting.”可知，女儿因嫌弃莱克西衣服脏乱有味道而不想和莱克西玩，应该会对莱克西
表现得冷漠，呼应上文讲莱克西沮丧地回家。故选A项。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种感觉永远不会消失。A. dream梦想；B. thought想法；C. feeling感觉；D.
smell气味。由上文语境和“I had the same experience when I was a kid. I was the poor kid with hand-me-down
clothes, the kid who others looked down on.”可知，女儿忽视莱克西，对莱克西表现得冷漠，作者丈夫用自己
孩童时代被别人看不起、冷漠对待的经历让女儿明白这种被人看不起和忽视的感觉永远不会消失。故选C
项。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他告诉她，他希望她善良、乐于助人，而不是评判和伤害。A. honest诚实
的；B. curious好奇的；C. normal正常的；D. helpful乐于助人的。由最后一段“is generous in helping other”
可知，作者丈夫希望女儿成为一个乐于助人的人，女儿最终也变成了这样的人。故选D项。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们邀请莱克西过来和我们一起吃饭。A. assumed假定；B. invited邀
请；C. reminded提醒；D. warned警告。由下文“Lexi to come over and have dinner with us”可知，作者一家
邀请莱克西共进晚餐。故选B项。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们聚在一起，很快我就看到女孩们有说有笑。A. laughing大笑；B. arguing
争论；C. crying哭泣；D. shopping购物。由下文“They had a great time. I could even see a sweet glow in
Rikki’s eyes.”可知，女儿和莱克西应该是有说有笑。故选A项。
9.考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，里基开始有了不同的想法。A. actively积极地；B. creatively有创
作力地；C. professionally内行地；D. differently不同地。由下文“Lexi came over a few times after that. They
became good friends.”可知，与上文讲女儿因莱克西衣服脏乱有味道而嫌弃莱克西形成对比，说明在父母的
引导下，女儿不再看不起莱克西，有了不同的想法，友善对待莱克西，最终成为朋友。故选D项。
10.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她总是第一个欢迎那些别人可能会拒绝的人，并慷慨地帮助别人。A. worryabout担心；B. turn away拒绝……进入；C. depend on依靠；D. communicate with与……交流。由上文语境
和“I truly believe that day made a major difference in the person she has become today.”可知，女儿因莱克西衣
服脏乱有味道而嫌弃莱克西，拒绝和莱克西玩耍，在父母的引导下，女儿意识到自己的错误，友善对待莱
克西，最终成为朋友，这件事对女儿产生了很大的影响，现在女儿总是第一个欢迎那些别人可能会拒绝的
人，就像女儿欢迎莱克西一样。故选B项。
四
（23-24高三上·北京朝阳·期末）Gardening changed how I see myself as a disabled woman. When I started
gardening in 2018, I didn’t know anything about plants, let alone how to grow things we can eat. I thought
gardening required a lot of 1 tasks. As I have a genetic (遗传的) condition that causes my bones to 2
easily, I didn’t believe I could complete them. The thought of taking care of plants in a wheelchair every day made
me feel 3 . But just like how I gradually learnt everything else as a disabled person, I had to 4
how to garden my way.
That first season, I visited my garden as much as I could. Noticing my interest in gardening, my neighbors in
the community 5 offered me advice and support. Under their careful 6 , I managed to pull up the
weeds and watered my plants on my own. Finally, I was so proud to eat the tomatoes I grew and even shared some
with neighbors. They tasted like summertime.
Gardening has 7 how I see other parts of my life. As a disabled woman, I fear being seen as a 8
and struggle to ask for the things I need. Gardening helped me normalize the fact that I have needs. I don’t think my
plant is a heavy load because it needs more nutrition. I don’t 9 it for getting insects and not being able to
fight against them. Gardening also helped me expand my social circle and grow close to people in our community.
Over the years, gardening has made me feel more confident in every aspect of my life. I’m planting what I want to
grow, and I have gained a lot of 1 0 from that.
1. A. simple B. physical C. pleasant D. urgent
2. A. change B. rest C. break D. move
3. A. anxious B. expectant C. motivated D. bored
4. A. look over B. show off C. bring back D. figure out
5. A. suddenly B. readily C. hesitantly D. casually
6. A. observation B. check C. discussion D. guidance
7. A. impacted B. ruined C. controlled D. recorded
8. A. support B. comfort C. burden D. threat9. A. appreciate B. fault C. challenge D. forgive
10. A. justice B. access C. weight D. power
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者作为一个残疾女性在园艺方面的经历，她一开始觉得园
艺需要许多费力的任务，因为她有遗传疾病导致骨骼易碎，所以她认为自己无法完成这些任务。但是经过
自己努力和邻居的帮助，她成功地种植了蔬菜，并且园艺让她改变了对自己的看法，并且帮助她更加自信
和拓宽社交圈。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为园艺需要很多体力劳动。A. simple简单的；B. physical身体的；C.
pleasant愉快的；D. urgent紧急的。根据“gardening”以及后文的“I didn’t believe I could complete them.”可
知，因为作者有着遗传性疾病，作者认为自己不能完成园艺，因为作者认为园艺需要很多体力劳动。故选
B。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我有一种遗传疾病，导致我的骨头容易骨折，我不相信我能完成它们。
A. change改变；B. rest休息；C. break破损；D. move移动。根据“As I have a genetic (遗传的) condition”可
知，作者有着天生的一种遗传疾病即骨头容易骨折。故选C。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天坐在轮椅上照顾植物的想法让我感到焦虑。A. anxious焦虑的；B.
expectant期待的；C. motivated有动力的；D. bored无聊的。根据前文“As I have a genetic (遗传的)
condition that causes my bones to ____2____ easily, I didn’t believe I could complete them”以及“The thought of
taking care of plants in a wheelchair every day”可知，因为作者有先天性的疾病，作者认为自己不能从事园艺
工作，因此每天坐在轮椅上去照顾植物的想法让作者感到非常焦虑。故选A。
4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但就像我作为一个残疾人逐渐学会了其他一切一样，我必须弄清楚如何以自
己的方式打理花园。A. look over查看；B. show off炫耀；C. bring back带回去；D. figure out弄明白。根据
“how to garden my way.”可知，作者必须要弄明白自己如何去打理一个花园。故选D。
5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：注意到我对园艺的兴趣，社区里的邻居们很乐意给我提供建议和支持。A.
suddenly突然地；B. readily乐意地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. casually随便地。根据“
Under their careful____6___, I managed to pull up the weeds and watered my plants on my own.”可知，作者社区
中的邻居们很乐意地给作者提供建议和支持。故选B。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的悉心指导下，我自己拔掉了杂草，给植物浇水。A. observation观
察；B. check检查；C. discussion讨论；D. guidance指导。根据“my neighbors in the community ____5____
offered me advice and support.”可知邻居乐意帮助作者，作者应是在邻居们的悉心指导下照顾花园。故选
D。7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：园艺影响了我对生活其他部分的看法。A. impacted影响；B. ruined毁坏；C.
controlled控制；D. recorded记录。根据“As a disabled woman, I fear being seen as a ____8____ and struggle
to ask for the things I need. Gardening helped me normalize the fact that I have needs.”可知，作者之前认为作为
一名残疾女性，自己害怕被视为一种负担，并努力要求自己需要的东西。园艺帮助作者使我有需求这个事
实正常化，由此可知园艺影响了作者对生活其他部分的看法。故选A。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名残疾女性，我害怕被视为一种负担，并努力要求我需要的东西。园
艺帮助我使我有需求这个事实正常化。A. support支持；B. comfort安慰；C. burden负担；D. threat威胁。
根据“struggle to ask for the things I need”可知，作为一名残疾女性，作者害怕被视为一种负担，所以努力
要求自己需要的东西。故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会因为它吸引昆虫并无法与它们作斗争而责怪它。A. appreciate欣赏；
B. fault挑刺，指责；C. challenge挑战；D. forgive原谅。根据“for getting insects and not being able to fight
against them.”可知，作者不会因为花园中有昆虫而挑剔花园的不当之处（不对之处）。故选B。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在种我想种的东西，我从中获得了很多力量。A. justice公正；B. access
获取；C. weight重量；D. power权力。根据“gardening has made me feel more confident in every aspect of my
life.”可知，园艺使作者对生活的各个方面都更有信心，因此作者获得了很多力量。故选D。
五
（23-24 高三上·北京顺义·期末）A golden fog settled over the fields. The sun prepared to rest for the
evening. I looked forward to setting my 1 aside for an evening.
I wasn’t long headed home when I heard a voice behind me. “Photo, photo, photo.” A young boy about 7 or 8
years old followed closely. I breathed a tired sigh. I had no 2 to press the shutter button one more time, no
matter how beautiful or eager he was, but he kept following me. As I looked at him, half 3 , an idea for a
composition flashed in my mind.
I kneeled in the field and instructed the boy where to stand and how to pose. As I prepared to take the
photograph, his energy suddenly shifted from 4 to shyness to fear. No matter what I told him to do — how
to stand, how to look — I just couldn’t get the 5 . Defeated, I gave up. I looked at the boy, who looked 6
and awkward.
In an effort to 7 him, I clapped my hands, saying, “That was great. You were great.” Passers-by
gathered around, cheering and clapping loudly. The boy’s face immediately broke into (a) 8 . I intuitively
(直觉地) took a few shots of the moment.
That photograph turned out to be better than the 9 I’d imagined because it came from a deeper placewithin me. When we 10 frustration (懊恼) and focus on what’s here in the moment, that is when we are
moved to create from the inside out.
1. A. money B. camera C. boots D. notebook
2. A. time B. confidence C. energy D. chance
3. A. interested B. disappointed C. relieved D. puzzled
4. A. panic B. confusion C. eagerness D. directness
5. A. help B. attention C. idea D. shot
6. A. alone B. unconcerned C. violent D. thoughtful
7. A. disturb B. cheer C. accept D. satisfy
8. A. smile B. tears C. worries D. surprise
9. A. style B. color C. content D. composition
10. A. turn to B. deal with C. let go of D. give in to
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在回家路上遇到一个小男孩要作者为他拍照，作者拒绝
后又决定为他拍照，但小男孩很紧张，作者通过鼓励他让他放松并最终拍出了比预期更好的照片。这个故
事告诉我们，当我们放下挫折，专注于当下，就能从内心深处创造出更好的作品。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我盼望着把相机搁到一边过一个晚上。A. money金钱；B. camera相机；C.
boots靴子；D. notebook笔记本。根据“Photo, photo, photo.”可知，作者是一个摄影师，一天的劳累之后，
作者想把相机放下。故选B。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有精力再按一次快门，不管他是多么美丽，多么急切，但他一直跟着
我。A. time时间；B. confidence自信；C. energy精力；D. chance机会。根据“I looked forward to setting my
___1___ aside for an evening.”可知，作者已经很累了，所以没有精力再按快门了。故选C。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我半感兴趣地看着他，脑海里闪过一幅作品的念头。A. interested感兴趣
的；B. disappointed失望的；C. relieved欣慰的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据“an idea for a composition flashed
in my mind.”可知，作者脑海里闪过一幅好的作品，所以对小男孩感兴趣了。故选A。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我准备拍照时，他的表达力突然从渴望变成害羞，再变成恐惧。A. panic
恐慌；B. confusion困惑；C. eagerness渴望；D. directness直接。根据“Photo, photo, photo.”可知，小男孩
起初很渴望拍照，后来又变得很羞怯和恐惧。故选C。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我告诉他怎么做——怎么站，怎么看——我就是得不到那个镜头。 A.
help帮助；B. attention注意；C. idea想法；D. shot镜头。根据“I intuitively (直觉地) took a few shots of themoment.”可知，作者想要给小男孩拍照，但是一直没有得到理想的镜头。故选D。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看着那个男孩，他看起来孤独而尴尬。A. alone独自的；B. unconcerned
不关心的；C. violent暴力的；D. thoughtful深思熟虑的。根据“Defeated, I gave up.”可知，作者放弃了，不
再教男孩摆任何动作，所以男孩站在那里变得很孤独。故选A。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让他高兴起来，我拍着手说：“太棒了。你太棒了，”A. disturb打
扰；B. cheer使高兴；C. accept接受；D. satisfy满意。根据“The boy’s face immediately broke into (a)
___8___ .”可知，作者鼓掌是为了让小男孩高兴起来。故选B。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩的脸上立刻露出了笑容。A. smile微笑；B. tears眼泪；C. worries担
心；D. surprise惊讶。根据“I clapped my hands, saying, “That was great. You were great.””可知，作者在鼓励
小男孩，所以小男孩笑了。故选A。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那张照片比我想象的作品要好，因为它来自我内心深处。A. style风格；B.
color颜色；C. content内容；D. composition作品。根据“As I looked at him, half ___3___ , an idea for a
composition flashed in my mind.”可知，这里指作者起初所构思的作品比自己想象的要好。故选D。
10. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我们放下沮丧，专注于当下的事情时，我们就会被从内到外的创造
所感动。A. turn to转向；B. deal with处理；C. let go of放下；D. give in to屈服于。根据“and focus on
what’s here in the moment,”可知，此处指放下沮丧和挫折，转而专注于当下的事情。故选C。
六
（23-24高三上·北京西城·期末）A winter storm dropped huge amounts of snow overnight on January 16 in
western Pennsylvania. Coach Brian Delallo, who worked on a local high school football team, decided to 1
his players’ weightlifting practice. He texted his players saying: “Due to the expected severe 2 Monday’s
weightlifting workout has been cancelled. Find an elderly or disabled neighbor and shovel (为……除雪) their
driveway. Don’t accept any 3 -that’s our Monday workout. ”
The players received the message and went out to work on the more than six inches of snow that fell
overnight. They said that they removed 4 from dozens of homes. Some players texted their coach afterwards
to tell him how 5 it was. “We all feel great about it, ” said team captain Gavin Moul. “It’s not only helping
them, but it’s helping us to become a better team. ”
Many of the people whom the team members approached couldn’t believe that the players wouldn’t accept any
payment. Sometimes people even 6 their help because they wouldn’t take money for it.
Actually, it was not the first time for the team to have shoveling workout. It was started by a coach more than
two decades ago. It was one of the many 7 the team kept.“It’s about community. ” the coach said. “It is an inspiring way for us to interact with our community and
show that it 8 . Shoveling snow is just one of those opportunities to show appreciation to the community
that supports us. ”The team got a workout and gave 9 to the community by doing these acts of kindness at
the same time. It was a 1 0 for all.
1. A. try out B. pick up C. go over D. call off
2. A. injury B. weather C. disease D. pressure
3. A. money B. apology C. challenge D. request
4. A. dirt B. water C. snow D. waste
5. A. demanding B. rewarding C. promising D. amusing
6. A. sought B. got C. appreciated D. refused
7. A. goals B. secrets C. traditions D. jobs
8. A. matters B. cares C. works D. stays
9. A. off B. up C. in D. back
10. A. way B. win C. must D. lesson
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了由于恶劣的天气，教练带领队员为行动不便的邻居除雪的故事。
1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当地一所高中橄榄球队的教练布莱恩·德拉洛(Brian Delallo)决定取消球员的
举重训练。A. try out参加……选拔；B. pick up捡起；C. go over复习；D. call off叫停，取消。根据下文
“Monday’s weightlifting workout has been cancelled”可知，教练取消了举重训练。故选D项。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于预期的恶劣天气，周一的举重训练已经取消。A. injury受伤；B. weather
天气；C. disease疾病；D. pressure压力。根据第一句“A winter storm dropped huge amounts of snow
overnight on January 16 in western Pennsylvania.”可知，天气是恶劣的。故选B项。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不收钱——这是我们周一的锻炼。A. money钱；B. apology道歉；C.
challenge挑战；D. request要求。根据下文第三段“that the players wouldn’t accept any payment”可知，此处
教练告诉大家在除雪的过程中不要收钱。故选A项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说他们清除了数十户人家的积雪。A. dirt泥土；B. water水；C. snow
雪；D. waste垃圾。根据文章第一段“Find an elderly or disabled neighbor and shovel (为……除雪) their
driveway.”可知，此处的活动是为大家清理积雪。故选C项。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些运动员后来给教练发短信，告诉他这是多么值得。A. demanding高要
求的；B. rewarding有回报的，值得的；C. promising有希望的；D. amusing有趣的。根据下文““We allfeel great about it, ” said team captain Gavin Moul. “It’s not only helping them, but it’s helping us to become a
better team. ””可知，运动员觉得这项活动是有价值的。故选B项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时人们甚至拒绝他们的帮助，因为他们不愿意为此事花钱。A. sought追
寻；B. got得到；C. appreciated感激；D. refused拒绝。根据“because they wouldn’t take money for it”可
知，由于不想拿钱，有些人会拒绝帮助。故选D项。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是队伍保留的众多传统之一。A. goals目标；B. secrets秘密；C. traditions
传统；D. jobs工作。根据“Actually, it was not the first time for the team to have shoveling workout. It was
started by a coach more than two decades ago.”可知，这项活动不是第一次，是队伍保留下来的传统。故选C
项。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一种鼓舞人心的方式，让我们与我们的社区互动，并表明它很重要。A.
matters要紧，重要；B. cares在意；C. works起作用；D. stays停留。根据“It is an inspiring way for us to
interact with our community”可知，这项活动是很重要的。故选A项。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：团队在锻炼身体的同时，也通过做这些善举来回馈社区。A. (give) off发
出；B. (give) up放弃；C. (give) in屈服；D. (give) back归还，回馈。根据“by doing these acts of kindness at
the same time.”可知，团队通过这些善举来回馈社区。故选D项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种共赢。A. way方法；B. win胜利，赢；C. must必须做的事；D.
lesson课，教训。根据“The team got a workout and gave ___9___ to the community by doing these acts of
kindness at the same time.”可知，团队不仅锻炼了身体，也回馈了社区，这是共赢。故选B项。
