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专题 03 形容词和副词的比较等级
一、基本用法
（一）概述
英语中的形容词和副词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级，以此表示人或事物的等
级差别。形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较，表示“较……”或“更……一些”；形
容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高
级前一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。
（二）比较等级的构成
形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。
1. 规则变化
一般在词尾加-er或-est High–higher–highest fast–faster– fastest
以字母e结尾的词，直接加-r
nice–nicer–nicest late–later–latest
或-st
单 音 节
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，
词 和 部 busy–busier–busiest early–earlier–earliest
先把y变为i，再加-er或-est
分 双 音
以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有
节词
一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅
hot–hotter–hottest thin–thinner–thinnest
音字母，
再加-er或-es．
多 音 节
和 部 分 difficult–more difficult–most difficult
在词前加more或most
双 音 节 quickly–more quickly–most quickly
词
2. 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good(好的)/
better best
well(好地，健康的)
bad(坏的)/ill(有病
的)/
worse worst
badly(坏地；恶劣
地)
many(许多)/
more most
much(许多)
little(少的) less least
farther(指距离)较远
farthest(指距离)最远
far(远的/地) further(指距离和抽象概念)较
furthest(指距离和抽象概念)最远
远
older oldest
old(老的)
elder(指年长的) eldest
二、特殊用法
（一）比较级的修饰语
1. 在比较级前常用much（……得多），even（甚至），still（更），a little（一点），a bit（有
点），a lot（很多）等来修饰，表示程度进一步加深。
I am much older than my brother.我比我弟弟大得多。
Lin Ping is a little more outgoing than me.林萍比我更外向一点。
2. very, quite, too等程度副词一般只修饰形容词原级，不能修饰比较级。
This tree is very tall. 这棵树很高。
（二）形容词和副词原级比较的两种句型
1. the same as...意为“与……一致，与……相同的”。
His dream is the same as mine. 他的梦想和我的一样。
2.“as+形容词/副词原级+as...”表示……和……一样”，否定结构为“not as/so+形容词/副词原级
+as”，表示“第一个人/物在……比不上第二个”。
This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
（三）形容词与副词的比较级的常用句型结构
1. A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B. ，表示“A比B……”。
I think English is less important than maths. 我认为英语不如数学重要。2. Which/Who+谓语动词比较级，A or B?，or连接两个选项，表示对两者的比较或选择，意为
“A和B，哪个/谁更……？”。
Which is heavier, pig or an elephant? 一头猪和一头大象哪个重？
Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei? 林涛和韩梅谁的书更多？
3. get/become+比较级+and+比较级，意为“变得越来越……”，and连接两个相同的形容词比
较级，当形容词是多音节或部分双音节词时，结构变为“get/ become more and more+形容词原
级”。
It's getting colder and colder when winter comes. 当冬天来临时，天气变得越来越冷。
Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful我们的家乡正变得越来越美丽。
4. the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……，就越……”，表示两个过程按比例同时增减。
The more, the better. 多多益善。
The harder you study, the better grades you'll get. 你学习越努力，就越能取得好成绩。
5. “主语+谓语动词+the+比较级+of the two+...”意为“主语是两者中较……的那个。”，是特指
的情况。
Jack is the taller of the two. 杰克是两个人中较高的一个。
6. 主语+谓语动词+比较级+ than any other+单数名词. 表示“一个人或物比同一范围内的任何
其他一个都……”。
Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。
（四）形容词与副词的最高级的常用句型
形容词与副词的最高级常用于三者或三者以上人或事（物）之间的比较，在表示最高程
度，即表示其中一个在某方面“最……”时使用。在句中使用时，形容词最高级前通常用
the，句中常含有表示比较范围的介词of或in；of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词，
in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词，常用句型结构为：
1. 主语+be+the+形容词最高级（+名词/代词）+in/of 短语. 意为“……是……中最……的
（……）”。
Spring is the best season of year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。
2. 主语实义动词（+the）+副词最高级+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的”。
Jack works (the) hardest in our class. 在我们班杰克学习最努力。
3. 主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的……之一”。
New York is one of the biggest cities in the world. 纽约是世界上最大的城市之一。
4. 主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语. 意为“……在……中是第
几……的……”。
The Yangtze River is the first longest river in our country. 长江是我们国家的第一长河。
5. Which/Who+谓语动词（+the）+最高级，A，B or C? 意为“A、B和C，哪个/谁最……？”。
Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon? 太阳地球和月球，哪一个最大？
Who runs (the) fastest, Kate, Tom or Mike? 谁跑得最快，凯特、汤姆还是迈克？
（五）比较级的替代
使用比较级时，前后两个比较项要保持一致。若前一个比较项是不可数名词，则后一个
比较项可为替代词that。若前一个比较项是复数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词those。
The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter. 在冬天南京的天气比北京暖和。
There are more students in Class 1 than those in Class2. 一班的学生比二班的学生多。
三、注意事项
1. 使用比较级的基本原则：不做比较用原级，两者比较用比较级，多者比较用最高级。
2. 比较的对象要保持前后一致。
Your coat looks more beautiful than mine. 你的大衣比我的好看。
3. 避免将主语包含在比较对象中
China is bigger than any country in Africa. （×）
China is bigger than any other country in Africa. （√）
4. “a/an+比较级”表示“又一/再一更……的”。
My daughter has a doll, but she wants a bigger one. 我女儿有一个玩具娃娃，但是她还想要一个
更大的。
5. 最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不用加the。
My eldest daughter is10 years old. 我最大的女儿10岁。
6. 形容词最高级前加不定冠词a，不表示比较，而表示“非常”的意思。
Spring is best season. 春天是一个非常好的季节。
7. most同形容词连用而不用the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。
It is most useful book. 它是一本非常有用的书。四、比较结构的同义转换
1. more...than与less...than, not as/so...as的转换
Her sister is more intelligent than her.
=She is less intelligent than her sister.
=She isn't as/so intelligent as her sister. 她的妹妹比她要聪明。
2. 最高级与no...more than的转换
Maths is the most difficult subject of all.
=No subject is more difficult than maths. 数学是所有学科中最难的。
3. 比较级形式表示最高级意义
（1）比较级+than+ other+可数名词单数。
（2）比较级+than+anyone/anything else.
（3）比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数。
（4）比较级+any of the other+可数名词复数。
基础训练
一、单项选择
1．There are lots of rivers in China. The Yangtze River is longer than ________ river in China.
A．any B．other C．others D．any other
2．After taking basketball classes, David is much ________ than last year.
A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest
3．The earlier kids learn to be independent, ________ it is for their future.
A．the best B．good C．better D．the better
4．—Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ in the world?
—Yes, it’ s bigger than ________ city in China.
A．the biggest city; other B．the biggest cities; other
C．the biggest city; any other D．the biggest cities; any other
5．The book he recommended is ________ than the one I read last week.
A．boring B．much boring C．most boring D．much more boring
6．The daytime of Beijing is getting ________ in winter.
A．shorter and shorter B．warmer and warmer
C．longer and longer D．more and more7．— Is Qomolangma______________ mountain in the world?
— Yes. It is____________ than any other mountain.
A．higher; higher B．higher; the highest C．the highest; the highest D．the highest; higher
8．—In the Music Club Helen plays the guitar ______ than other students.
—Yes. She even plays it as ______ as her music teacher.
A．more beautifully; well B．more beautifully; better C．beautifully; well D．most
beautifully; best
9．If overweight people eat ________ and take more exercise, they will soon feel ________ healthier.
A．less; more B．less; much C．more; more D．more; less
10．—Chen Yufei won her third championship (冠军) at the BWF China Masters.
—I think it was really ________ moment for her in her life.
A．more excited B．the most excited C．more exciting D．the most exciting
11．— Peter, do you know something about the Changjiang River?
— It is the third ________ river in the world.
A．longer B．longest C．wider D．widest
12．Sun Cinema has ________ seats of all the cinemas in the city.
A．comfortable B．more comfortable C．most comfortable D．the most comfortable
13．Luxun is one of ________ in China.
A．the most famous writers B．the most famous writer
C．more famous writer D．the famousest writers
14．Mess (梅西) is ________ football player among most young people.
A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．the more popular
15．China is almost as ________ as the US, and it is the ________ country in Asia.
A．big; bigger B．big; biggest C．bigger; biggest D．biggest; biggest
16．I think health is _________ thing in the world that one ought to have.
A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important
17．Which country is ________, China, Canada or Russia?
A．large B．larger C．the largest D．the larger
18．Of all the students in my class, Mary writes ________.
A．the most carefully B．more carefully C．more careful D．the most careful
19．Who listens ________ in class, Tom, Jack or Jill?
A．the most carefully B．more carefully C．the most carefulD．more careful
20．—Which clothes store is ________, Bill’s or Jason’s?
—Bill’s. You can buy clothes the most ________ there.
A．cheaper; cheapest B．more cheaper; cheapestC．more cheaper; cheaply D．cheaper; cheaply
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．My friend Mary is (funny) than anyone I know.
2．You should go to sleep a little earlier tonight. Then you will feel much (well).
3．The lights are (bright) in this room than those in the next one.
4．There’s nothing (bad) than going out with wet hair in the cold.
5．The more you check your test papers, the fewer mistakes you will make. (care)
6．Everyone in the class gets bread, but John has the (little) bread of all the students.
7．Li Ming is one of the (clever) boys in our class.
8．The Yellow River is about 5,464 kilometers long, it is the second river in China. (long）
9．Chongqing is (beauty) city that I have ever known.
10．We think that Funky Fashions has the (bad) clothes in town.
提升训练
1．（23-24八年级下·江西吉安·期末）—Which room shall we live in, this one or that one?
—This one. It is ________ wider. It’s comfortable for us three to live in it.
A．few B．more C．much D．very
2．（23-24八年级下·北京通州·期末）Jim chose the second task. It was ________ than the first one.
A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．the easiest
3．（23-24八年级下·云南西双版纳·期末）—China is over 5,000 years old. It’s one of ________ countries in
the world.
—Yes. It has much ________ history than the USA．
A．old; long B．older; longer C．the oldest; longer D．the oldest; the longer
4．（23-24八年级下·安徽池州·期末）—________ you smile, ________ you will feel.
—Thank you for your advice.
A．Much; happy B．The much; the happy C．The more; the happier D．The
more; more happy
5．（23-24八年级下·江西宜春·期末）—2,000 yuan for a new tooth?
—Well, you can choose a ________ one if you like.
A．cheaper B．lower C．cheapest D．lowest
6．（23-24八年级下·山东青岛·期末）Of the two girls, Ellen is ________ one. You can see her easily.
A．taller B．tall C．the taller D．the tallest
7．（23-24八年级下·四川广元·期末）Suzy always has new ideas. She is ________ of all the girls in her class.
A．creative B．more creative C．the most creative D．the creative
8．（22-23八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期末）Beijing Opera is one of _________ Chinese arts. The roles of it mainly
include Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo and Chou.A．ancient B．more ancient
C．the most ancient D．most ancient
9．（22-23八年级下·江西吉安·期末）Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be ________ for me. I always fail
in the exams.
A．easier B．more difficult C．the most difficult D．easiest
10．（22-23八年级下·江西宜春·期末）Have you heard of Yichun, Lithium Capital (锂都) of Asia? It has
________ Lithium mica ore (锂云母矿) in the world.
A．smaller B．the smallest C．bigger D．the biggest
11．（23-24八年级下·四川凉山·期末）—Where can I buy the clothes ________ in the town?
—Dream Clothes. But the service there is much worse than any other clothes store.
A．cheaper B．more cheaply C．the cheapest D．the most cheaply
12．（22-23八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期末）Flora sings ________ of my friends. We all enjoy her beautiful voice.
A．well B．good C．better D．best
13．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）Generally speaking, the more you pay, _______ you will get better
service.
A．the more easilyB．the easier C．the harder D．the more hardly
14．（23-24八年级下·陕西西安·期末）Tom is much older this year, so he walks ________ than before.
A．slow B．slower C．slowly D．more slowly
15．（22-23八年级下·河北沧州·期末）—Sandy always does her homework ________ than her brother.
—I agree with you.
A．carefully B．more carefully C．careful D．more careful
16．（23-24八年级上·安徽安庆·期末）Who sings ________, Jane or Jane’s cousin?
A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．beautifully D．more beautifully
17．（23-24八年级下·江西新余·期末）Tom loves animals, so he looks after Amy’s pet dog ________ of all her
friends.
A．more careful B．the most careful C．more carefully D．the most carefully
18．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—My new pencil case is as ________ as yours.
—That’s true. But mine is more beautiful than yours.
A．big B．bigger C．the biggest D．biggest
19．（23-24八年级下·重庆沙坪坝·期末）—Remember to put on warm clothes. It’s getting _________ these
days.
—I wish the weather in winter could be as _________ as that in spring.
A．hotter; warm B．colder; warm C．hotter; warmer D．colder; warmer
20．（23-24八年级下·四川遂宁·期末）In my hometown, it is very ________ in July, but it is much ________ in
August.
A．hotter; hottest B．hot; hoter C．hotter; hot D．hot; hotter
