专题10 七选五--2016-2020 高考真题
一、思维导图
二、高考考向
1.从体裁来看，说明文占据绝对优势，记叙文和议论文相对较少；
2.从话题来看，“人与自我”和“人与社会”占比偏多，“人与自然”偏少；
3.从位置来看，段中句最多，段首句和段尾句次之；还有半截儿句；
4.从技巧来看，代词替代、词语复现和逻辑关系是做好七选五必杀技；
5.从干扰来看，段落标题句和词语复现最容易设干扰选项，务必重视。
三、真题呈现
-----------------------------------------【2020 题组】----------------------------------------
（2020 课标卷）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 36 Do you want to be a good public speaker?
Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to
give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking. ” 37 Focus on the speaking. Talk
directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is
the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of
a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 38
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 39 And like everything else in life, that takes practice.
Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
40 It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you
probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!“” So
surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your
listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
【导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
36. 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G 项:然而，
大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训
练。故选G。
37. 下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，
当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A
项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
38. 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，
除非是非常严重的错误。C 项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选
C。
39. 本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
40. 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than
anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结
束。D 项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
（2020 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36
Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you
hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your
own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes
and our failures. 38 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you
could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? “That didn’t go as planned.
But, I tried my best.”
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength
before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today. 39
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words
why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to
a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
【答案】36-40 BFDCA
【导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36. B。根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance 及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in
the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start? (从哪里
开始那？)最合下文语境。
37. F。根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than
theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.可知，本段主要讲述不要把
自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself
with others.可以作为本段中心句。
38. D。根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.及下文的You will make
mistakes, time and time again.可知，选项D. Remember, you are only human.与上下文衔接最好。
39. C。根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree,
and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，
选项C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好。
40. A。结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read
these words back to yourself. 和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and
achievements. See how awesome you are?可知，选项A. Feeling upset again?最合上下文语境。
（2020 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emoji（表情符号）and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.
36
. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping
intention clear.
37
, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in
communication style can be a challenge.
38
.
While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools
like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the
effort.
There is also the matter of tone（语气）. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?
39
. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an
encouraging smile.
40
, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin
adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work
culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【答案】36-40 DACBF
【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36. D。根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both
at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's
been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些
西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选
择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题
意。
37. A。根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽
默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频
繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。
38. G。根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common
ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工
年龄从22 岁到70 岁甚至更大，在交
流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择
项中“all work generations”是一致的。
39. B。根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉
了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。
40. F。根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种
积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。
（2020 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or
house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends
and family to congratulate the person on the new home.
3 6
And it is good time to fill the new space with
love and hopefully presents.
37
Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or
stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like
curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like
a piece of art or a plant.
38
This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually
no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably
give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person
moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood
to a new home as a gift.
40
Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
36-40 EBCAG
【导读】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36. E。上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home 介绍庆祝乔
迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with
love and hopefully presents 介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E 项与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔
迁之喜聚会的目的。
37. B。下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like
curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或
绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B 项概括了本段内容，引出下文。
38. C。本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot
of food served.指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以
带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C 项：你也
可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。
39. A。本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新
家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常
见的，A 项表达了此意，与上文衔接。
40. G。上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为
礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G 项符合语境。
-----------------------------------------【2019 题组】----------------------------------------
（2019 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent
studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37 If the air you’re breathing is clean--which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities--then the
air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more
deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
Recently people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). 38
In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing
things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us.
Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see
buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you
get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen
about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【答案】36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 40. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。
36.上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”，下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，你会犹豫不决。”，该
空承上启下，G 选项“没有动力，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
37.上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本队进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来
实现目标。B 选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”承上启下，故选B。
38.上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。
该空承上启下，A 选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
39.上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E 选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选
E。
40.上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该
重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C 选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切
题，故选C。
（2019 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项 选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I
jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of
same coin.
36
Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
37
More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate
yourself, your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires etc. Only then should
you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is
directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work.
38
So, slow down
and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move
forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in
mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.
39
They also need to be
measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but
can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.
40
You should reassess your goals, and
motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot
overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of
setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
36-40 GBAEC
【答案】36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 40. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。
36.上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”，下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，你会犹豫不决。”，该
空承上启下，G 选项“没有动力，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
37.上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本队进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来
实现目标。B 选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”承上启下，故选B。
38.上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。
该空承上启下，A 选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
39.上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E 选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选
E。
40.上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该
重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C 选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切
题，故选C。
（2019 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.
36
While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise.
Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
•
37
Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about
the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure
the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.
38
Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do
the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts
or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the
professor.
39
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class.
40
When a student attacks a professor on the
social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's
professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【答案】36. E37. G38. A39. C40. F
【解析】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一
些规矩与禁忌。
36.根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors
is very important.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一
些规矩与禁忌，故E 项符合语境。
37.根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎
的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G 项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，
要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
38.根据前一句Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要
参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
39.根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.可知，教授不是训练有素
的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，所以不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信
息的话，他们会主动问起的，故C 项符合语境。
40.通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每个人都可
能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评
价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F 承上启下。故选F。
----------------------------------------【2018 题组】----------------------------------------
（2018 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design — something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage
color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of
life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 1 , color is the key to making
a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important
point. 2 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you
need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
3 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual
interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color
choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally
furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 4 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller
ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at
wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 5 .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
【解析】
文章大意：文章主要讲述了颜色在家庭装饰中的巨大作用，并介绍了三种设计方案。
1. B。上文给出了不同的房间风格选择，第一段最后一句又说到"making a room feel the way you want it
to feel"可知,此处指不管你在寻找哪种风格，颜色是关键。
2. A。结合第二段第一句中的"a number of different techniques"以及最后一句给出的三种设计方案可知，
此处表示"虽然这些技巧非常有用，但它们会有一点复杂"，故A 项符合语境。
3. D。第二段最后一句出现了"the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones"，第三段提到了"small
color choices"，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲"the small ones"，故选D。
4. G。第四段最后一句提到了"a bigger commitment than smaller ones"和"a more powerful effect"可知，
此处是和上文中的"small color choices"作对比，故选G。
5. F。根据第五段第二句提到的"the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant"可知,此处
意在强调所花费的时间、精力和费用是巨大的，由此可推知选F。
（2018 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and
find the time to work out. 1 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically
fit.
●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of
you for the day. 2 Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 3 If you work out in the mornings, then
you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
● 4 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the
evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very
excited.
● 5 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food
choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to
continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and
push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
文章大意：本文从工作效率、新陈代谢、睡眠质量和饮食习惯四个方面介绍了晨练给人们带来的好处。
1. G。空后一句及接下来的段落是在讲晨练的好处，所以G"如果你计划定期锻炼，或者你现在正在锻炼，
那就注意听"符合语境。
2. E。根据空处前两句（你的工作效率提高了；锻炼会让你更清醒，并准备好应付一天中摆在你面前的一
切）可知，此空应选E"运动后你可以保持头脑清醒4—10 个小时"。more awake 与E 项中的clear 照应。
3. F。由此空后的"getting...the whole day"与F 项中的"burn calories throughout the day"一致可知,答案为
F"在你运动之后，你一整天都在消耗卡路里"。
4. B。此空是本段的中心句，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处，所以选B"你的睡眠质
量提高了"。空后一句中的"slept better"是关键信息。
5. A。根据本段中的"healthy food"和"junk food"与选项A 中的diet 有关可知，此空应选A"你会坚持你的饮
食 (习惯)"。
（2018 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and
sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.
1
We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays,
office parties and just to fill the time.
"I adore dancing," says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. "I can’t imagine doing anything
else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. 2 It’s great to watch
them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life."
3 "I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. "They’re learning to do traditional dances. They
arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 4 "
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, "Dance, like the
pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 5 I find it hard to
stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive."
A. So why do we dance?
B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
文章大意：舞蹈有着悠久的历史，它传递着人们的丰富情感：爱与恨、乐与悲、生与死……
1. B。待填处为本段主题句，本段语境描述了跳舞的时空，故可知在美国，舞蹈无处不在。
2. D。本句起到承上启下的作用。 根据设空前一句"Teaching dance is wonderful."可知，下文应与教别人跳
舞有关，又根据设空后句"Its great to watch them."中的 "them"可知，待填句应包含一个表示人的复数名词，
故为D。
3. A。本段主要讲了跳舞之后人们心情会变好，由此可知，待填处提出问题，与下文构成因果关系。
4. F。此处表示跳过舞后人们心情的积极变化，再根据设空前的 "one young couple"可知，待填处的代词应
为复数,即"their"。
5. E。本段中用了三个以 "I"开头的排比句 (I want to get better. I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.
I find it hard to stop.)，表明Andrea Hillier 对舞蹈的热爱，故选E。
----------------------------------------【2017 题组】----------------------------------------
（2017 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have
laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable
sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 1
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.
2
We slept in a tent,
cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with
Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my
son’s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.
3
Instead, we
had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to
bring all the necessities of life.
4
We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a
bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even
has matching carpet and curtains.
5
It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that
you find your way in style.
A. This time there was no tent.
B. Things are going to be improved.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到喜欢的转变过程。
1. D。上文说，作者一开始对野营产生过抵触情绪。但是，从下文可知，作者后来喜欢上了野营活动。本
空表示意义的转折，承上启下，为下文做铺垫。故选D。
2. C。根据下文可知，这次野营活动从住宿、饮食到洗澡都很艰苦。故选C，对下文内容进行概括。
3. A。前句说，作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，后句说，这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调。故选A，起承
上启下的作用。
4. F。本段讲述作者一家开始野营，并采购很多野营的装备。由此可知，自上次活动以来作者一家对野营活
动非常感兴趣。故本空选F。
5. E。上文讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到感兴趣的转变过程，由此可见，作者已经完全喜欢上了野营活动
故本空选E。
（2017 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.
1
, there are
several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
2
.Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of
you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or
that you’ll find them then. 3 . It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office.
4 . it’s much easier to excuse yourself to
get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 5 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter.
excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) than when the door is closed,
you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了避免工作时被打断的几种方法。
1. B。根据上文的"Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with"以及下文的"there are several ways to
handle things"可知，工作时被打断是要处理的最糟糕的事情之一，有几个处理事情的办法。空处承上启下，
应选B 项。
2. A。根据下文的"Tell the person you’re sorry...ask if the two of you can talk at a different time"可知，本段讲述
的是当你忙的时候，要拒绝别人打断你。故A 项符合文意。
3. E。根据上文的"let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then"及下文的" It can help
to eliminate(消除) future interruptions."可知，此处指让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的。故选E 项。
4. D。根据上文的"don’t do it in your own office"以及下文的"excuse yourself to get back to your work"可
知，你如果不在自己的办公室里，就更容易给自己找到借口返回来工作。故选D 项。
5. G。根据本段的首句"If you have a door to your office, make good use of it" 以及下文的"when the door is
closed"可知，G 项符合文意。
（2017 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy
morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock
1
Here is how to make one.
●
2
In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time
to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear
about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning
activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes,
shoes, and bags.
3
That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a
timer.
● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday
could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week,
a recent study found.
4
● Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve
tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record.
5
If not, take another look at other methods you
could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何做计划建立好生物钟，保持早睡早起的好习惯。
1. C。第一段最后一句说"以下是如何制作一个"，代词one 指代"计划"一词，因此本空选C。
2. B。空后谈到要改变，先要说清楚做出改变很重要的原因；后面谈到一旦明白了其中的原因，就可以告
诉你的家人或室友你想做出改变；由此可以推断出这段总的在说找到正确的动机，因此本空选B。
3. G。本段最后一句谈到如果买咖啡机自己弄咖啡，早上可以多睡一会儿，因此前一句应该要与咖啡有关，
本空选G。
4. F。本段谈到周末起床、睡觉的时间应该和平常一致，不然周末多睡反而会增加接下来工作日的睡意。F
项中的no matter the day 指的就是周末也应该和工作日的作息一致。因此本空选F。
5. E。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的If not 说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚
持，因此选E。
----------------------------------------【2016 题组】----------------------------------------
（2016 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in
doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code
making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many
eels" spell out the hidden message "Meet me."
3 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in
order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet me" would read "13 5 5 20 13 5."
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a
code book. 4 For example, "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand for "me." The message
"Bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me." 5 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.
So codes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
【解析】文章主要介绍了与密码学相关的编码与破解知识。
1. D。根据后面一句"Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making"可知，此空该选D（只要有密码
的存在，人们就会试图去破解它们）。
2. E。上句提到:有三种主要的密码设定方式。下句提到:例如，“ My elephant eats too many eels”的首字
母就拼出了“ Meet me”这隐藏起来的信息。由此可知本句应该为一种密码的设定方式，根据下句举到的
例子可知E 项正确，意为“你可以用每个单词的首字母拼写出一条信息，以此来隐藏它。
3. G。上段指出有三种主要的密码设定方式，并且已经提到了种，本段应该指出另外一种。下文举例说明
了用数字来代替字母的密码方式，由此可知G 项能起到统领本段的作用，意为“另外一种隐藏信息的方式
就是用符号来代替字母表中特定的字母。”
4. F。上句指出:要解读某个真实密码的信息，你必须要有密码本。本句是对上句的解释说明，结合下文举
到的例子，可推断出本句主要解释如何利用密码本来破解隐藏起来的信息。F 项符合语境，意为“拥有了
密码本，你也许就能写出代表其他单词的单词。”
5. A。上文指出了利用密码本来破解密码的方式。A 项是总结上文内容得出的结论，意为“没有密码本就
很难破解密码”，而且根据下句…… it is also hard to.”的句型结构也可得知A 项符合语境。
（2016 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A garden that's just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to
total more than the sum (总和) of its parts? 1 . But it doesn't happen by accident. It starts with looking inside
yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening
process.
● 2
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are
concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料).
3
. However,
there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest
years.
●Recall (回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable
garden might be good or bad, but that's not what's important. 4 — how being in those gardens made us feel. If
you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.
5
. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
C. It's our experience of the garden that matters
D. It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
【解析】本文介绍了如何搭建一个正好适合你的花园，亲近自然，体验园艺快乐，重温童年时代美好记忆。
1. F。根据文章首句及下文的"But it doesn’t happen by accident"可知，这里是在讲"你是否曾去过一个花园……
但是它不是偶然发生的"。故F 项"You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too"符合语
境。
2. A。根据下文中的"a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden"可知，本段的主题应
与你想要种植花园的原因有关，故选A 项。
3. E。根据上文的"Some people may think..."和"Others are concerned about..."可知此处表达的是人们种植花园
的不同原因，而E 项中的"Still others may simply enjoy..."与上下文衔接自然，故选E 项。
4. C。根据上文的"...but that’s not what’s important"和下文中的"how being in those gardens made us feel"可知
此处讲的应是什么是重要的，故C 项符合语境。
5. G。上文的"the gardens of your youth"以及下文的"your childhood memories"与G 项中的"those gardens"和"the
strongest memory you have"相呼应，故选G 项。
（2016 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 1 But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home.
Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as
at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn't difficult. 2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an
easy way.
3 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge. Any fishy or
strong smell means the fish isn't fresh. 4 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the
fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day
or two. Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5 First, clean it and season it with your choice of
spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one
pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it's ready to serve.
A. Do not buy it.
B. The easiest is to steam it.
C. This is how you can do it.
D. It just requires a little knowledge.
E. The fish will go bad within hours.
F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
【解析】本文介绍了如何用简单的方法购买鱼和烹制鱼。
1. G。由第1 空后的句意表示转折可知，转折前的句子在语意上应该保持一致，即说明吃鱼对健康的益处。
故选G。
2. D。空前一句提到对鱼的选购、储存和烹制并不困难，空后一句讲本文是关于如何以一种简单的方式购
买和烹制鱼的，故选D"这只需要一点点知识就能做好"。
3. F。段落的支撑细节始终围绕主题句展开，本段中第二、三句围绕如何通过嗅觉来鉴别鱼是否新鲜，因
此可以判断F 项正确。
4. A。第4 空前提到，浓烈的气味说明鱼已不新鲜，故不能买这种鱼。据此可知A 项正确。
5. B。本段的主题为如何烹制鱼，下文讲到了烹制鱼的步骤：首先，洗净鱼；其次，添加调料；最后，将
装有鱼的盘子放入蒸锅中，蒸8 至10 分钟即可食用（以重约为一磅的鱼为例）。故选B 项"最简单的方法
是蒸"。
