专题29 清北生易错题档案及变式训练1-词类转换 解析版
目录
板块一:易错题分类归纳11 组
板块二:单句填空词类转换40 例
板块三:语法填空综合训练4 篇
板块一:易错题分类归纳11 组
易错题1:名词后缀加-ance 还是-ence
高考真题:(2025 全国I 卷) “You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59
(guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei.
变式:给出下列单词的名词形式
1.exist→存在
2.prefer→偏爱
3.perform→表现;表演
4.accept→接受;接纳
5.assist→帮助;协助
6.refer→参考;提及
7.occur→发生;事件
8.attend→出席;出勤
9.guide→指导;引导
10.persist→坚持;毅力
11.resist→阻止;抵抗
12.appear→外貌;外观
【答案】真题guidance 1.existence 2.preference 3.performance 4.acceptance 5.assistance 6.reference
7.occurrence 8.attendance 9. guidance 10.persistence 11.resistance 12.appearance
易错题2:名词变形容词加-ic
高考真题:(2025 全国I 卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63
(strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,
sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
变式:给出下列单词的形容词形式
1.history→有历史意义的
2.science→科学的
3.base→基本的;基础的
4.hero→英雄的;英勇的
5.drama→戏剧性的;突然的
6.art →艺术的;有艺术天赋的
7.energy→精力充沛的
8.poet→诗的;有诗意的
9.symbol→象征的;象征性的
10.economy→经济的
11.strategy→战略性的,策略的
12.geography→地理的
【答案】真题:strategic 1.historic 2.scientific 3.basic 4.heroic 5.dramatic 6.artistic 7.energetic 8.poetic
9.symbolic 10.enconomic 11.strategic 12.geographic
易错题3:名词变形容词加-al
高考真题1:(2025全国II卷) Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his
family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 57
(center) heating doesn’t exist.
高考真题2:(2024 新课标I 卷) The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57
(function) structure that is also beautiful.
变式:给出下列单词的形容词形式
1.education→有教育意义的
2.origin→原始的;原创的
3.emotion→情感的;情绪的
4.globe→全球的
5.economy→经济的;节约的
6.agriculture→农业的
7.industry→工业的
8.accident→意外的;偶然的
9.benefit→有益的;有利的
10.finance→金融的;财务的
11.grammar→语法的
12.theory→理论的
【答案】真题:1.central 2.functional 1.educational 2.original 3.emotional 4.global 5. economical 6.agriculture
7.industrial 8.accidental 9.beneficial 10. financial 11.grammatical 12.theoretical
易错题4:名词变形容词加-ous
高考真题:(2023 浙江I 月卷) The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 61 (space) homes and
walled gardens.
变式:给出下列单词的形容词形式
1.danger→危险的
2.courage→勇敢的
3.mystery→神秘的
4.ambition→有雄心的
5.caution→谨慎的
6.glory→光荣的;辉煌的
7.joy→快乐的
8.mountain→多山的
9.space→宽敞的
10.poison→有毒的
11.advantage→有利的
12.adventure→爱冒险的;冒险的
【答案】真题spacious 1. dangerous 2. courageous 3.mysterious 4.ambitious 5.cautious 6.glorious 7.joyous
8.mountainous 9.spacious 10. poisonous11.advantageous 12.adventurous
易错题5:形容词变名词变-cy
高考真题:(2020 新课标卷)Historical 64 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
变式:给出下列单词的名词形式
1.accurate→准确性;精确性
2.adequate→充足;适当
3.private-→隐私;私密
4.efficient→效率;效能
5.fluent→流利;流畅
6.frequent→频率;频繁
7.emergent→紧急情况
【答案】真题 accuracy 1.accuracy 2.adequacy 3.privacy 4.efficiency 5.fluency 6.frequency 7.emergency
易错题6:名词变形容词加-y
高考真题1:(2023 新课标II 卷) Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling
wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street
food.
高考真题2:(2020 新课标卷) In the 18th and 19th centuries, 56 (wealth) people travelled and collected
plants, historical objects and works of art.
变式:给出下列单词的形容词形式
1.sun→晴朗的;阳光充足的
2.snow→下雪的;积雪的
3.fog→有雾的;模糊的
4.ice→冰冷的;结冰的
5.noise→吵闹的;嘈杂的
6.mess→凌乱的;混乱的
7.taste→美味的;可口的
8.smell→有臭味的;发臭的
9.sugar→含糖的;甜的
10.juice→多汁的;湿润的
11.guilt→有罪的;内疚的
12.greed→贪婪的;贪心的
【答案】真题 1.tasty 2.wealthy 1.sunny 2.snowy 3.foggy 4.icy 5.noisy 6.messy 7.tasty 8.smelly 9. sugary
10.juicy 11.guilty 12. greedy
易错题7:动词变名词加-tion
高考真题1:(2025 浙江I 月卷) Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them
outright, providing a less expensive 61 (solve) to one-time event dressing.
高考真题2:(2024 全国甲卷) They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 (complete )
of their journey.
变式:给出下列单词的名词形式
1.adapt→适应;改编
2.apply→申请;应用
3.assume→假设;承担
4.classify→分类;类别
5.combine→结合;组合
6.compete→竞争;比赛
7.consume→消费;消耗
8.consider→考虑;关心
9.define→定义;释义
10.describe→描述;描写
11.destroy→破坏;毁灭
12.explain→解释;说明
13.form→形成;结构
14. found 地基;基础
15.imagine→想象;想象力
16.interpret→翻译;理解
17.introduce→介绍;引入
18.observe→观察;观测
19.occupy→职业;占有;占领
20.pronounce→发音
21.recognize→承认;认可
22.relax→放松;休闲
23.wide→宽度
24.wise→智慧;聪明
【答案】真题1.solution 2.completion 1.adaptation 2.application 3.assumption 4.classification 5.combination
6. competition 7.consumption 8.consideration 9.definition 10.description 11.destruction 12.explanation
13.formation 14.foundation 15.imagination 16.interpretation 17.introduction 18.occupation 19.observation
20.pronunciation 21.recognition 22. relaxation 23.width 24.wisdom
易错题8:动词变名词特殊变化
高考真题1:(2021 新课标II 卷) A company 64 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was
switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
高考真题2:(2020 全国I 卷) Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
高考真题3:(2019 全国I 卷)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings
around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing.
变式:给出下列单词的名词形式
1.acquaint→相识;熟人
2.admit→承认;准许进入
3.allow→津贴;补助
4.anxious→焦虑;渴望
5.argue→争论,辩论
6.bore→无聊;厌烦
7.compare→比较;对照
8.complain→抱怨;投诉
9.conclude→结论;结束
10.confuse→混乱;困惑
11.cruel→残忍;残酷
12.curious→好奇心
13.depart→离开,启程
14.deep→深度;深奥
15.disturb→扰乱,干扰
16.diverse→多样化,种类
17.enter 入口;进入
18.enthusiastic→热情
19.equal→平等;均等
20.expand→拓展;膨胀
21.generous→慷慨;大方
22.high→高度;身高
23.injure→伤害;损伤
24.just→正义;公平
25.laugh→笑;笑声
26.long→长度;时间长短
27.major→多数;大多数
28.necessary→必要性;必需品
29.participat→e 参与者;参加者
30.permit→允许;同意
31.persuade→说服;劝说;信念
32.popular→流行;受欢迎
33.poor→贫穷
34.propose→建议;提议
35.refuse→拒绝
36.remind→用于提醒的人或物
37.remove→建议;提议
38.secure→安全;保障;证券
39.similar→相似性;类似点
40.tend→趋势
41.various→多样;种类
42.wise→智慧;聪明
【答案】真题1.representative 2.curiosity 3.belief 1.acquaintance 2.admission 3.allowance 4.anxiety
5.argument 6.boredom 7.comparison 8.complaint 9.conclusion 10.confusion 11.cruelty 12.curiosity
13.departure 14.depth 15.disturbance 16.diversity 17.entrance 18.enthusiasm 19.equality 20.expansion
21.generosity 22.height 23.injury 24.justice 25.laughter 26.length 27.majority 28.necessity 29.participant
30.permission 31.persuasion 32.popularity 33.poverty 34.proposal 35.refusal 36.reminder 37.removal
38.security 39.similarity 40.tendency 41.variety 42.wisdom
易错题9:形容词变副词加-ly
高考真题1:(2025 全国I 卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic
placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures,
65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
高考真题2:(2021 新课标II 卷) So, what are they learning? 63 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
高考真题3:(2020 全国III 卷) As the small boat moved, 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless
by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【答案】真题:1.digitally 2.Basically 3.gently
变式:背默下列单词的副词
1.一般形容词直接加-ly
careful→carefully 小心地
beautiful→beautifully(美丽地
strong→strongly 强烈地
exact→exactly 精确地
2.以-y 结尾的形容词变y 为i 加-ly
happy→happily 快乐地
heavy→heavily 沉重地
angry→angrily 生气地
busy→busily 忙碌地
易错提醒:shy→shyly 害羞地
3.以-ic 结尾的词形容词加-ally
basic→basically 基本上
tragic→tragically 悲剧性地
scientific→scientifically 科学上
enthusiastic→enthusiastically 热情地
易错提醒:public-publicly
4.以-ll 结尾形容词只须加- y
full→fully 充分地
dull→dully 枯燥地
5.以-ing 结尾形容词直接加-ly
amazing→ amazingly 令人惊叹地
interesting→ interestingly 有趣地
surprising→ surprisingly 令人惊讶地
increasing→ increasingly 令人惊讶地
6.以-ed 结尾形容词直接加-ly
excited→ excitedly 兴奋地
repeated→repeatedly 反复地
hurried→ hurriedly 匆忙地
admit→admittedly 无可否认地
7.以-le 结尾的形容词去e 加-ly
gentle→gently 温和地
simple→simply 仅仅;简直
possible→possibly 可能地
comfortable→ comfortably 舒适地
易错提醒:whole-wholly 全部地
8.以-e 结尾的形容词直接加-ly
definite→definitely 明确地
extreme→extremely 极其
fortunate→fortunately 幸运地
complete→completely 完全地
accurate→accurately 准确地
appropriate→appropriately 适当地
deliberate→deliberately 故意地
desperate→desperately 绝望地
易错提醒:true-truly 真实地
易错题10:形容词变副词加-ly
高考真题1:(2023 浙江1 月卷)Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and __________ (simple)in design
and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
高考真题2:(2022 北京卷)That’s a big problem and it is getting even _________ (bad). The use of those plastics
has increased by 300% since 2019.
高考真题3:(2021 新课标I 卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the
____________ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it?
【答案】1.simply 2.worse 3.hotter
变式:背默下列单词的比较级和最高级
1.一般在形容词或副词后面直接加–er 变为比较级,加–est 变为最高级。
fast—faster—fastest
small—smaller—smallest
2.以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,则双写该辅音字母,再加-er 变为比较级,加 –est 变
为最高级。
big—bigger—biggest
thin—thinner—thinnest
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词,则将改y 为i 再加-er 变为比较级,加–est 变为最高级。
pretty—prettier—prettiest
early—earlier—earliest
4.以字母 e 结尾的单词,直接加–r 变为比较级,加–st 变为最高级。
large—larger—largest
wise—wiser—wisest
5.多音节及某些双音节形容词或副词常在其前加more 变为比较级,加 most 变为最高级。
important—more important—most important beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful
6.比较级和最高级不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
备注
good/well
better 更好
best 最好
注意区分形容词还是副词
bad/ ill/badly
worse 更糟糕
worst 最糟糕
注意原级有三个
little
less 更少
least 最少
注意few 是规则变化
many/much
more 更多
most 最多
注意区分修饰可数还是不可数名词
far
farther 更远
further 最远
强调距离
further 更深入
furthest 最深入
强调程度
late
later 更晚的
latest 最晚的
强调时间
latter 后者
last 最后
强调顺序
old
older 年长者
oldest 最年长的
强调任意范围比较
elder 年长者
eldest 最年长的
只作定语,且修饰brother, sister 等词
易错题11:动词过去式和过去分词不规则变化
高考真题1:(2025 全国II 卷) If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 65
(leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
高考真题2:(2024 新课标II 卷) Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 60 (inspire)by The Peony
Pavilion, 61 (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
高考真题3:(2023 北京卷)When 14 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
【答案】真题:1.left 2.inspired, built 3.seen
变式:背默下列单词的过去式和过去分词
第一组:AAA 型
1.burst- burst - burst,分裂;分开
2.cost-cost-cost,花费;值(钱)
3.hurt-hurt-hurt,伤害;疼痛
4.shut-shut-shut,关闭;关上
5.spread-spread-spread,传播;扩散
6.rid-rid-rid,摆脱;除去
第二组:AAB 型
1.beat-beat-beaten 打败
第三组:ABA 型
1.become-became-become 变成;成为
2.come-came-come 来;到来
3.overcome-overcame-overcome 克服;战胜
4.run-ran-run 跑;奔跑
易错提醒:5.welcome-welcomed-welcomed
第四组:ABB 型
1.bring-brought-brought 带来;拿来
2.build-built-built 建造;建设
3.buy-bought-bought 买;购买
4.catch-caught-caught 抓住;接住
5.dig-dug-dug 挖;挖掘
6.feed-fed-fed 喂养;饲养
7.feel-felt-felt 感觉;觉得
8.fight-fought-fought 打架;战斗
9.find-found-found 找到;发现
10.hear-heard-heard 听见;听说
11.hold-held-held 握住;拿住
12.keep-kept-kept 保持;维持
13.lay-laid-laid 放置;下蛋
14.leave-left-left 离开;留下
15.lend-lent-lent 借出;借给
16.lose-lost-lost 丢失;失去
17.mean-meant-meant 意思是;意味着
18.meet-met-met 遇见;会面
19.pay-paid-paid 支付;付款
20.sell-sold-sold 卖;销售
第五组:ABC 型
1.arise-arose-arisen 出现;升起
2.begin-began-begun 开始
3.bite-bit-bitten 咬;叮咬
4.blow-blew-blown 吹;刮风
5.break-broke-broken 打破;打碎
6.choose-chose-chosen 选择;挑选
7.drink-drank-drunk 喝;饮
8.drive-drove-driven 驾驶;开车
9.eat-ate-eaten 吃
10.fall-fell-fallen 落下;跌倒
11.fly-flew-flown 飞;飞行
12.forget-forgot-forgotten 忘记;遗忘
13.forgive-forgave-forgiven 原谅;宽恕
14.freeze-froze-frozen 结冰;冻结
15.grow-grew-grown 生长;种植
16.hide-hid-hidden 隐藏;躲藏
17.lie-lay-lain 躺;平放
18.mistake-mistook-mistaken 弄错;误解
19.ride-rode-ridden 骑;乘
20.ring-rang-rung 响;鸣响
21.see-saw-seen 看见;看到
22.shake-shook-shaken 摇晃;抖动
23.speak-spoke-spoken 说;讲语言
24.steal-stole-stolen 偷;偷窃
25.swim-swam-swum 游泳
26.take-took-taken 拿;带走
27.tear-tore-torn 撕破;撕裂
28.throw-threw-thrown 扔;投掷
29.wear-wore-worn 穿;戴
30.write-wrote-written 写;书写
板块二:单句填空词类转换40 例
1. The personal details of every soldier are clearly stated on the (register) form.
【答案】registration
【详解】考查名词。句意:登记表上明确列出了每位士兵的个人详细信息。分析句子结构可知,此空应填
名词,registration ,表“ 注册,登记” ,registration form 为固定搭配,表“ 登记表” 。故填
registration。
2. It was the (short) of funds that led to the company’s internal problems.
【答案】shortage
【详解】考查名词。句意:是资金短缺导致了公司的内部问题。根据the 和of 可知,空处应填名词构成名
词所有格,shortage“短缺”符合题意,the shortage of“缺少……”。故填shortage。
3. Their (assume) that the project was something entirely new proved to be untrue.
【答案】assumption
【详解】考查名词。句意:他们认为该项目是全新的这一假设最终被证明是错误的。此处作主语,用名词
assumption,根据后文was 可知,应用单数形式。故填assumption。
4. Thick fog affected roads and (visible) was poor, so drivers were advised to slow down and turn on
their fog lights.
【答案】visibility
【详解】考查名词。句意:浓雾影响了道路,能见度很低,因此建议司机减速并打开雾灯。空格处用名词
作主语,此处指能见度很低,空格处意为“能见度”,名词是visibility,是不可数名词,故填visibility。
5. Nowadays, facial (recognise) has been on the rise at some public places in big cities.
【答案】recognition
【详解】考查名词。句意:如今,在大城市的一些公共场所,面部识别的应用正日益增多。facial 是形容
词,意为“面部的”,空处需填不可数名词recognition,一起构成名词性短语作主语。故填recognition。
6. Within the ant colony, the complex (divide) of labor, which comes from a natural drive, guides all tasks
from searching for food to caring for the young.
【答案】division
【详解】考查名词。句意:在蚁群内部,这种源自自然本能的复杂分工模式,指导着从寻找食物到照料幼
虫等所有活动的进行。作句子的主语,用名词division,不可数。故填division。
7. The company’s (commit) to providing quality at a reasonable price is vital to its success.
【答案】commitment
【详解】考查名词。句意:该公司致力于以合理的价格提供优质产品这一理念,对于其取得成功至关重要。
作主语,用名词commitment,故填commitment。
8. The film (adapt) of the novel stayed true to the original’s spirit.
【答案】adaptation
【详解】考查名词。句意:这部小说改编的电影忠于原著的精神。句中用名词形式作主语。adapt 是动词,
其名词形式为adaptation,表示“改编本;改写本”。故填adaptation。
9. The (expand) of the factory will create more jobs.
【答案】expansion
【详解】考查名词。句意:工厂的扩展将创造更多就业机会。此处需用不可数名词expansion 作主语。故
填expansion。
10. Helmets can provide cyclists with a true sense of (secure).
【答案】security
【详解】考查名词。句意:头盔能给骑行者带来真正的安全感。根据空前介词“of”可知,空处需填名词作
宾语;所给词“secure”为形容词,其名词形式“security”表示“安全、安全感”,为不可数名词。故填
security。
11. They didn’t see eye to eye with each other on the new design, which turned out a heated (argue).
【答案】argument
【详解】考查名词。句意:他们对新设计的看法不一致,结果引发了一场激烈的争论。根据空前的形容词
“heated”可知,空处应填入名词形式,argue 的名词形式为argument,意为“争论”,且其前有不定冠词
a 修饰,需用单数形式。故填argument。
12. He gave a brief (describe) of the traffic accident.
【答案】description
【详解】考查名词。句意:他对那次交通事故做了简短的描述。空前是形容词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,
describe 的名词形式是description 意为“描述”。故填description。
13. We all watched with (embarrass) when Mr. Rogers started to cry.
【答案】embarrassment
【详解】考查名词。句意:罗杰斯先生哭起来时,我们都很尴尬地看着。空处作介词with 的宾语,提示词
的名词形式embarrassment“尴尬”符合题意,是不可数名词,with embarrassment“尴尬地”是常用搭配。
故填embarrassment。
14. Don’t hide your (anxious) when you face difficulties.
【答案】anxiety
【详解】考查名词。句意:当你面对困难时,不要隐藏你的焦虑。此处由物主代词your 限定,用名词
anxiety 作宾语,不可数。故填anxiety。
15. The team will finish the final (evaluate) of this software’s functions by next Friday.
【答案】evaluation
【详解】考查名词。句意:该团队将在下周五之前完成对这款软件功能的最终评估。空处作宾语,需填名
词evaluation,为不可数名词。故填evaluation。
16. What earned her people’s love and respect was her (generous) and kindness.
【答案】generosity
【详解】考查名词。句意:让她赢得人们的爱和尊重的是她的慷慨和善良。本空与kindness 并列,作表语,
用不可数名词generosity“慷慨”。故填generosity。
17. China’s peaceful and rapid development is a (bless) to the world instead of a threat.
【答案】blessing
【详解】考查名词。句意:中国和平快速发展对世界而言是一件幸事,而非威胁。根据所给词bless 及句
子结构可知,此处需填其名词形式 blessing 作表语。故填 blessing。
18. To be frank, the fireworks going off throughout the night were really an (annoy).
【答案】annoyance
【详解】考查名词。句意:坦率地说,整晚不停燃放的烟花真是件烦心事。“ an”后需接名词,“annoy”
是动词,意为“使恼怒”,其名词形式“annoyance”表示“令人烦恼的事”,在句中作表语。故填
annoyance。
19. The company is the world’s (destroy) of tropical forests.
【答案】destroyer
【详解】考查名词。句意:这家公司是世界上热带雨林的破坏者。根据句意和所给词“ destroy”以及空前
的“the world’s”可知,此处应填名词destroyer,意为“破坏者”,作表语,指造成破坏的人或事物,在这
里特指这家公司。故填destroyer。
20. The (storm) period of adolescence will pass and be replaced by a fulfilling adulthood.
【答案】stormy
【详解】考查形容词。句意:青春期这段充满动荡的时期终将过去,取而代之的会是充实的成年阶段。此
处修饰名词“period”,需用形容词作定语,所给词“storm”为名词,意为“暴风雨”,其形容词形式为
stormy 意为“有暴风雨的”,还可引申为 “充满动荡的、激烈的”,符合描述青春期特征的语境。故填
stormy。
21. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a (courage) and kind figure loved by many people.
【答案】courageous
【详解】考查形容词。句意:爱因斯坦不仅是个天才;他还是一个勇敢的、善良的人物,深受许多人喜爱。
空格前的冠词a 和并列结构and kind figure 提示此处需填入形容词,与kind 并列修饰名词figure。
courage 的形容词形式为courageous。故填courageous。
22. The book store hosts weekly reading clubs and its (formal) atmosphere enables readers to share
their thoughts freely.
【答案】informal
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这家书店每周都会举办读书俱乐部,其轻松的氛围让读者可以自由地分享自
己的想法。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词atmosphere,此处表示轻松的氛围,所以空处需用formal 的
反义词informal“轻松的,非正式的”。故填informal。
23. My New Year’s resolution is to prioritize a (balance) diet over convenience food, even during the
most stressful weeks of exam season.
【答案】balanced
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我的新年决心是在考试季最紧张的几周里,也要优先选择均衡饮食而不是方
便食品。此处修饰名词diet,作前置定语,用形容词balanced 意为“均衡的”。故填balanced。
24. Next time if you feel unsatisfied with your life, please think of those less (fortune) than yourselves,
and you will feel blessed to live in such a peaceful country.
【答案】fortunate
【详解】考查形容词。句意:下次如果你们对自己的生活感到不满意,请想想那些比你们自己更不幸的人,
你会为生活在这样一个和平的国家而感到幸运。提示词修饰代词those,作后置定语,用形容词
fortunate,意为“幸运的”, 与less 构成比较级less fortunate,表示“更不幸的”。故填fortunate。
25. At the sight of the (delight) scene, the children shouted in delight.
【答案】delightful
【详解】考查形容词。句意:看到这令人愉快的场景,孩子们高兴地大喊起来。空处修饰名词“scene”,
应用形容词作定语,delight 的形容词形式有delightful 意为“令人愉快的”,修饰物,和delighted 意为
“感到愉快的”,修饰人,此处描述scene 的性质,应用delightful。故填delightful。
26. The (fiction) character from the classic novel was portrayed so vividly in the play that audiences
forgot he wasn’t real.
【答案】fictional
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这部经典小说中的虚构人物在戏剧中被刻画得如此生动,以至于观众都忘了
他并非真实存在。此处为形容词作定语,fiction 的形容词形式fictional 意为“虚构的”符合句意。故填
fictional。
27. You need to make a (continue) effort to train your mind and develop your character.
【答案】continuous
【详解】考查形容词。句意:你需要不断的努力来训练你的思想和发展你的性格。修饰名词effort,表示
“不断的,持续的”应用提示词的形容词形式continuous 作定语。故填continuous。
28. He looks much (fat) than he used to be.
【答案】fatter
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:他看起来比以前胖多了。句中出现了比较级的标志词than,因此需要
用形容词的比较级形式,fat 的比较级为fatter。故填fatter。
29. The (ripe) and fuller the rice is, the lower its head bows.
【答案】riper
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:水稻越成熟饱满,稻穗就垂得越低。“the+比较级,the+比较级”是
固定搭配,意为“越……越……”,因此空格处用形容词比较级,故填riper。
30. That alley is the (narrow) street in the entire old town.
【答案】narrowest
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意:那条小巷是整个古镇最窄的街道。根据“in the entire old town”可知,
此处是在整个古镇范围内进行比较,应用形容词narrow 的最高级形式narrowest,表示“最窄的”,作定
语修饰名词street。故填narrowest。
31. It’s (incredible) hot today — even the dogs are lying still in the shade.
【答案】incredibly
【详解】考查副词。句意:今天热得令人难以置信——连狗都在树荫下一动不动地躺着。此处需要一个副
词来修饰形容词hot,表示“热的程度”。所给词incredible 是形容词,其副词形式为incredibly,意为
“极其、令人难以置信地”,故填incredibly。
32. I (full) understand the meaning of this decision.
【答案】fully
【详解】考查副词。句意:我完全理解这个决定的含义。副词fully 作状语修饰动词。故填fully。
33. It is (common) believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing, the capital of the Northern
Song Dynasty.
【答案】commonly
【详解】考查副词。句意:人们普遍认为,这幅画中所描述的城市是北宋的都城汴京。空处修饰动词is
believed,应用副词形式作状语,common 的副词形式为commonly,表示“普遍地”。故填commonly。
34. There’re some mistakes in the essay, but (basic) it’s logical and persuasive.
【答案】basically
【详解】考查副词。句意:这篇文章中有一些错误,但基本上是合乎逻辑且有说服力的。此处需用副词修
饰整个句子“it’s logical and persuasive”,表示“从根本上说、大体上”。“basic”是形容词,其副词形式
“basically”符合语法要求。故填basically。
35. Anna had woken even (early) than usual.
【答案】earlier
【详解】考查副词比较级。句意:Anna 醒得比平时还早。设空处在此处作状语,修饰动词woken,所以
是副词;根据设空后的than 可知,设空处要用比较级。故填earlier。
36. He didn’t understand the (puzzle) question, so there was a (puzzle) expression on his
face.
【答案】puzzling, puzzled
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他不明白这个令人费解的问题,所以他的脸上露出了困惑的神情。第一空处
需填形容词,用来修饰事物,用-ing 结尾的形容词puzzling,意为“令人迷惑,使人困惑的”,修饰
question,说明问题本身的性质是让人难以理解的;第二空处需填形容词,用来描述人的表情,用-ed 结尾
的形容词puzzled,意为“困惑的,迷惑不解的”,修饰expression,表明他因为不理解那个问题而呈现出
困惑的状态,故填puzzling;puzzled。
37. She wrote the figures on the paper with amazing (accurate).
【答案】accuracy
【详解】考查名词。句意:她把数字写在纸上,准确得惊人。空处作with 的宾语,被amazing 修饰,
accurate 的名词形式accuracy 符合题意,意为“准确”,是不可数名词。故填accuracy。
38. Recently he put forward a new theory on the (acquire) of immunity, which soon became a hit online.
【答案】acquisition
【详解】考查名词。句意:最近,他提出了一个有关免疫机制形成的新理论,该理论很快就在网上引起了
轰动。作介词的宾语,用不可数名词acquisition,故填acquisition。
39. My parents gave me much (free) to do whatever I liked.
【答案】freedom
【详解】考查名词。句意:我父母给了我很大的自由,让我做任何我喜欢的事。空处为宾语,应用名词
freedom,表示“自由”,不可数名词。故填freedom。
40. By my fourth year, my (desperate) to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence.
【答案】desperation
【详解】考查名词。句意:到了第四年,我对成功的渴望超过了对独立的渴望。根据空前的my 可知,此
处应是名词作句子主语。所给词desperate 是形容词,意为“渴望的,绝望的”。其名词为desperation,
意为“渴望,渴求,绝望”。故填desperation。
板块三:语法填空综合训练4 篇
(25-26 高三上·江西赣州·阶段练习)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。
On September 3, 2025, China held a grand military parade in Beijing 1 (mark) the 80th anniversary of
the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.
The parade, organized in the name of the nation, 2 (take) place along Chang’an Avenue and was watched by
millions of people across the country.
It was not only a look back at those years of fire and blood, but also 3 strong message to the world:
China was committed to peace and ready to build a community with a 4 (share) future for mankind.
Soldiers and modern equipment displayed on Tian’anmen Square demonstrated 5 (China) determination
to safeguard the post-war international order. Among them, the Dongfeng-5C, the latest and most advanced liquid-
fuelled intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs 液体洲际导弹), emerged to the world 6 the first time. The
spirit of the Chinese people during the 14-year resistance war, 7 had cost more than 35 million lives, was
remembered in every formation that passed the rostrum (指挥台). By 8 (honor) the martyrs (烈士), the parade
reminded everyone that peace was not given, but earned through great sacrifice.
In addition to Chinese troops, representatives from 17 countries 9 (invite) to join the marching contingents
(代表团), showing the world’s shared desire for peace. When the national anthem was played, every citizen felt the
solemnity (庄严) of the moment and the 10 (responsible) to carry forward the hard-won peace.
【答案】1.to mark 2.took 3.a 4.shared 5.China’s 6.for 7.which 8.
honoring 9.had been invited/were invited 10.responsibility
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国在2025 年9 月3 日举行的抗战胜利80 周年阅兵仪式。
1.考查不定式。句意:2025 年9 月3 日,中国在北京举行隆重阅兵,纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法
西斯战争胜利80 周年。根据语境可知, 句子表示“中国在北京举行隆重阅兵,纪念中国人民抗日战争暨
世界反法西斯战争胜利80 周年”,空格处用不定式表目的,故填to mark。
2.考查时态。句意:这次以国家名义组织的游行在长安街举行,全国数百万人观看了游行。由was 可知,
句子时态是一般过去时,空格处用过去式,故填took。
3.考查冠词。句意:这不仅是对那些烽火岁月的回顾,也是向世界发出的强烈信号:中国致力于和平,
愿推动构建人类命运共同体。message 是可数名词的单数形式,表泛指,前面要加不定冠词,strong 是辅
音音素开头,因此不定冠词用a,故填a。
4.考查形容词。句意:这不仅是对那些血火岁月的回顾,也是向世界发出的强烈信号:中国致力于和平,
愿推动构建人类命运共同体。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词future,share 的形容词是shared,意为
“共同的”,故填shared。
5.考查名词所有格。句意:天安门广场上展示的士兵和现代化装备表明了中国维护战后国际秩序的决心。
China 和determination 是所属关系,因此空格处用名词所有格China’s,故填China’s。
6.考查介词。句意:其中,最新、最先进的液体燃料洲际弹道导弹“东风—5c”首次亮相。for the first
time 是固定短语,意为“第一次”,因此空格处用for,故填for。
7.考查定语从句。句意:经过主席台的每一个方队都铭记着中国人民在14 年抗战期间的精神,这场战争
牺牲了3500 多万人的生命。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词he 14-year
resistance war 是物,因此用关系代词which,故填which。
8.考查动名词。句意:通过纪念烈士,游行提醒大家,和平不是给予的,而是通过巨大的牺牲赢得的。
by 是介词,空格处用动名词作宾语,故填honoring。
9.考查时态,被动语态和主谓一致。句意:除中国军队外,还有来自17 个国家的代表应邀参加了游行队
伍,显示了世界对和平的共同愿望。代表是被邀请,句子可表示过去的事情,也可表示过去的过去已经完
成的事情,因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态或过去完成时的被动语态,主语representatives 是复数,
因此空格处是had been invited/were invited。故填had been invited/were invited。
10.考查名词。句意:当国歌奏响时,每个公民都感受到这一时刻的庄严,以及弘扬来之不易的和平的责
任。空格处用名词作宾语,responsible 的名词是responsibility,意为“责任”,是不可数名词,故填
responsibility。
(25-26 高三上·安徽·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A visit to the Qianmen Street in downtown Beijing might lead you to a small shop in the Yangmeizhu Byway
in the Dashilar area, a famous ancient commercial zone 11 is a main tourist attraction today. Beijing
Postcards founded by the Danish Lars Ulrik Thom sells cultural creative products with historical 12 (element).
As a gallery on Beijing’s history, the shop has become a communication space 13 (connect) residents and tourists
with the memory of old Beijing.
When he first arrived in Beijing in 1996, Thom 14 (attract) by what he saw. Having a strong
interest in Chinese history, Thom decided to stay in Beijing and explore its history and culture.
Thom chose 15 (collect) information initially from public spaces like scenic spots and museums
and explore the hutongs to obtain the oral history from local people. The residents recalled their daily lives from their
old photos, which helped Thom understand 16 historical changes affected people’s daily life. To
introduce the history of Beijing to more people in 17 new form, Thom and his friends opened Beijing
Postcards, selling postcards, calendars, and puzzles from the old photos and maps they collected. 18 addition,
he organized theme activities to share old stories 19 (base) on Beijing’s history and his own experiences.
20 (current), Thom and his team are working on a book about the history of Dashilar, aiming to tell more
people about the vitality of this area in different periods.
【答案】11.that/which 12.elements 13.connecting 14.was attracted 15.to collect
16.how 17.a 18.In 19.based 20.Currently
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自丹麦的Lars Ulrik Thom 怀揣着对中国历史的热爱选择留
在北京创办“北京卡片”店铺的故事。
11.考查定语从句。句意:游览北京市中心的前门大街,可能会带你走进大栅栏地区杨梅竹斜街的一家小
店,大栅栏是著名的古代商业区,如今是主要旅游景点。分析句子结构可知,该空引导的是一个限制性定
语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词是a famous ancient commercial zone,用关系代词that 或which 引导。故
填that/which。
12.考查名词复数。句意:由丹麦人拉斯·乌尔里克·托姆创办的“北京卡片”出售带有历史元素的文化创
意产品。element 是可数名词,意为“元素”,此处指多种元素,故用所给名词的复数形式。故填
elements。
13.考查非谓语动词。句意:作为北京历史的展示空间,这家店已成为一个交流场所,将居民、游客与老
北京的记忆联系起来。分析句子成分可知,动词connect 与其逻辑主语a communication space 之间存在主
谓关系,故此处用所给动词的现在分词;connecting residents and tourists with the memory of old Beijing 是
现在分词短语作后置定语。故填connecting。
14.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:1996 年托姆首次抵达北京时,他被眼前所见吸引。attract
在句中作谓语,根据从句的谓语动词arrived 可知,此句描述过去的事情,用一般过去时,又因为主语
Thom 与attract 之间是被动关系,且空后有被动语态标志词by,此句谓语用一般现在时被动语态,主语为
第三人称单数,故填was attracted。
15.考查非谓语动词。句意:托姆起初选择从景点、博物馆等公共场所收集信息,并深入胡同,从当地人
那里获取口述历史。choose to do sth“选择做某事”,此处用所给动词的不定式作动词chose 的宾语。故填
to collect。
16.考查名词性从句。句意:居民们从老照片中回忆日常生活,这帮助托姆理解历史变迁如何影响人们的
日常生活。分析句子结构可知,该空引导的是一个宾语从句,根据句意“理解历史是如何改变人们的日常
生活的”可知,从句中缺少方式状语,此处用连接副词how“如何,怎样”。故填how。
17.考查冠词。句意:为了以一种新的形式向更多人介绍北京的历史,托姆与友人创办“北京卡片”,售
卖根据老照片、老地图制作的明信片、日历和拼图。此处表示“一种新的形式”,为泛指,且new 以辅音
音素开头,故此处用不定冠词a。故填a。
18.考查介词。句意:此外,他组织主题活动,分享基于北京历史和自身经历的老故事。in addition 意为
“此外”,为固定用法。且该空位于句首,需大写。故填In。
19.考查形容词。句意:此外,他组织主题活动,分享基于北京历史和自身经历的老故事。形容词短语
“based on…”意为“基于……”,为固定用法;此处based on Beijing’s history 作后置定语,修饰old
stories。故填based。
20.考查副词。句意:目前,托姆及其团队正致力于撰写一本关于大栅栏历史的书,旨在向更多人讲述这
一地区在不同时期的生命力。此处用所给形容词的副词currently 作状语,修饰整个句子。且该空位于句首,
需大写。故填Currently。
(25-26 高三上·广东·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China Focus: China’s upscale ice creams melting hearts of consumers
Once just a simple way to cool off, ice cream is seeing a surge of new varieties to meet the expanding tastes
and preferences of Chinese consumers since its first appearance.
On the Chinese lifestyle-sharing app known internationally as RedNote, many users have posted appealing
images of upscale ice creams 21 various shapes, ranging from blooming flowers to fresh fruits, each of 22
is the result of delicate craftsmanship. 23 (comment) such as “adorable” and “too pretty to eat” are very
common in these posts.
Favored by today’s consumers, especially young people, such ice creams 24 (become) commonplace
in souvenir shops at tourist attractions across China since their first appearance. Handan Museum, a well-known
tourist site in Hebei in April introduced creative ice creams that drew inspiration from two precious artifacts 25
(house) in the museum. “Blind boxes” containing randomly flavored ice creams are also on sale to attract customers.
The museum’s ice creams have been 26 hit among visitors since their launch, with over 100 sold daily
this summer. Food industry analyst Zhu Danpeng believes the 27 (emerge) of these visually appealing ice
creams reflects a thirst for emotional and 28 (spirit) well-being in consumption.
The shift to healthy eating has spurred changes in the industry. Traditional ice cream makers are adjusting their
ingredients 29 unveiling new products in response to evolving needs, while new brands are winning
customers by labeling themselves as producers of handcrafted and 30 (fresh) made ice creams.
【答案】21.in 22.which 23.Comments 24.have become 25.housed 26.a
27.emergence 28.spiritual 29.and 30.freshly
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出中国高端冰淇淋品类激增,小红书上有多样造型分享,多地景区推出
文创款,还因健康需求有原料调整,体现消费者情感与精神消费需求。
21.考查介词。句意:在这款在国际上广为人知的中国生活方式分享应用“小红书”上,许多用户都发布
了精美的冰淇淋图片,这些冰淇淋形状各异,从盛开的花朵到新鲜的水果应有尽有,每一种都凝聚了精湛
的工艺。“in various shapes”为固定搭配,意为“呈多种形状”,故填in。
22.考查定语从句。句意:在这款在国际上广为人知的中国生活方式分享应用“小红书”上,许多用户都
发布了精美的冰淇淋图片,这些冰淇淋形状各异,从盛开的花朵到新鲜的水果应有尽有,每一种都凝聚了
精湛的工艺。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词是upscale ice creams,指物,从句中“of”后缺宾语,故用
关系代词 which。故填which。
23.考查名词的数。句意:这类帖子中常见的评论词汇有“可爱极了”和“漂亮得连吃都不忍心下口”之
类的。根据后文are 可知主语为复数,首字母大写。故填Comments。
24.考查时态。句意:由于受到当今消费者(尤其是年轻人)的青睐,这类冰淇淋自首次出现以来,已在
中国各地的旅游景点纪念品商店中变得十分常见。根据后文since their first appearance 可知为现在完成时,
主语为ice creams,助动词用have。故填have become。
25.考查非谓语动词。句意:4 月,位于河北的邯郸博物馆成为了一处热门旅游景点。该博物馆推出了以
馆内两件珍贵文物为灵感创作的冰淇淋产品。artifacts 与house 之间是被动关系,此处用过去分词作后置
定语,故填housed。
26.考查冠词。句意:该博物馆的冰淇淋自推出以来就深受游客喜爱,今年夏天每天的销量超过100 份。
短语be a hit 表示“很受欢迎”。故填a。
27.考查名词。句意:食品行业分析师朱丹蓬认为,这些视觉吸引力强的冰淇淋的兴起,反映出消费者在
消费中对情感与精神层面幸福感的渴求。作主语,用名词emergence,不可数。故填emergence。
28.考查形容词。句意:食品行业分析师朱丹蓬认为,这些视觉吸引力强的冰淇淋的兴起,反映出消费者
在消费中对情感与精神层面幸福感的渴求。修饰名词well-being 用形容词spiritual。故填spiritual。
29.考查连词。句意:传统的冰淇淋制造商正在调整其原料,并推出新产品以满足不断变化的需求,而新
的品牌则通过宣称自己是手工制作和新鲜出品的冰淇淋生产商来吸引顾客。“ adjusting their
ingredients”(调整原料)与 “unveiling new products”(推出新产品)是并列关系,均为“Traditional ice
cream makers”的动作,故用并列连词“and”连接。故填and。
30.考查副词。句意:传统的冰淇淋制造商正在调整其原料,并推出新产品以满足不断变化的需求,而新
的品牌则通过宣称自己是手工制作和新鲜出品的冰淇淋生产商来吸引顾客。修饰动词made 用副词
freshly。故填freshly。
(25-26 高三上·四川南充·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。
China began a military spectacle (壮观场面) on Wednesday that rumbled through the ceremonial heart of the
capital, 31 (feature) fighter jets, tanks and the latest in Chinese military technology in the country’s most
ambitious display of power and diplomatic reach in years.
The parade (阅兵) , 32 honors the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II recast China’s role
in that conflict.
“This great victory 33 (full) demonstrates that the people are the creators of history and the true
34 (hero) , that the Chinese nation possesses tenacious vitality and extraordinary creativity, and that the
Communist Party of China is the most reliable backbone of the Chinese people 35 the Chinese nation; ”
the party’s mouthpiece, People’s Daily, said in an editorial on Wednesday.
“The 36 (strong) China grows, the more secure the world 37 (be) , ” the official Xinhua News
Agency said in a commentary this week. “The Chinese nation will not allow 38 (it) to be humiliated or
bullied again, as it was by imperialist powers in the past. ”
The parade was expected 39 (display) new ship-destroying missiles and 40 array (阵
列) of weaponry—including undersea drones and crewless combat planes—that highlight China’s investments in
military innovation.
【答案】31.featuring 32.which 33.fully 34.heroes 35.and 36.stronger 37.
will be 38.itself 39.to display 40.an
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80 周年阅
兵式的特色及重大意义。
31.考查现在分词。句意:周三,中国举行了一场盛大的阅兵活动,这场活动将在首都北京的长安街举行,
以战斗机、坦克以及中国最新的军事技术装备为特色,这是中国近年来规模最大的一次展示实力和外交影
响力的活动。feature 为动词,表示“以……为特色”,根据谓语动词rumble 可知,空处应用其非谓语动
词形式,与a military spectacle 为主动关系,作伴随状语,故应用现在分词形式。故填featuring。
32.考查定语从句。句意:这次纪念二战结束80 周年的阅兵活动,重新定位了中国在那场战争中的作用。
空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词parade,在从句中作主语,故应用关系代词which。故填
which。
33.考查副词。句意:这场伟大的胜利充分表明,人民是历史的创造者,是真正的英雄。空处修饰动词
demonstrates,应用副词,作状语;fully 为副词,表示“充分地”,符合句意。故填fully。
34.考查名词复数。句意:这场伟大的胜利充分表明,人民是历史的创造者,是真正的英雄。空处应用名
词,与creators 并列作表语;hero 是可数名词,表示“英雄”,符合句意,应用其复数形式,表示泛指。
故填heroes。
35.考查并列连词。句意:中国共产党是中国人民以及中华民族最可靠的坚强后盾。the Chinese people 和
the Chinese nation 并列作宾语,故空处应用并列连词,表示“中国人民和中华民族”,故用and,表示并
列关系。故填and。
36.考查形容词比较级。句意:中国越强大,世界就会越安全。固定句型“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”表
示“越……,越……”,故填stronger。
37.考查动词时态。句意:中国越强大,世界就会越安全。空处在句中作谓语;固定句型“the+比较级...,
the+比较级...”表示“越……,越……”,相当于含有if 条件状语从句的复合句,故根据grows 可知,第一
个the+比较级...句型用一般现在时表示将来,第二个句型则用一般将来时。故填will be。
38.考查反身代词。句意:中华民族绝不会允许自己再次遭受屈辱或欺凌,就像过去被帝国主义列强所迫
害那样。空处作宾语,与主语The Chinese nation 所指一致,表示“它自己”,故应用反身代词。故填
itself。
39.考查动词不定式。句意:此次阅兵有望展示新型反舰导弹,并展示一系列的武器装备。display 为动词,
表示“展示”,动词短语be expected to do 表示“预计做某事、有望做某事”,故空处应用其动词不定式。
故填to display。
40.考查冠词。句意:此次阅兵有望展示新型反舰导弹,并展示一系列的武器装备。固定短语an array of
表示“一系列、一大批”,an array of weaponry 表示“一系列的武器装备”,符合句意;array 以元音音
素开头,前应加不定冠词an。故填an。