学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
进阶练03 名词性从句（真题+模拟预测，100 题）
说明：此专题分四种题型，难度依次递升，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！
真题演练
1.（2025 北京卷）The truth, though, is ______ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me,
Nick, and the quiet forest.
2.（2024 新课标 I 卷）On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire
along the Firehole River in ______ is now northwestern Wyoming.
3.（2024 浙江 1 月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll
promote.
4.（2023 天津 3 月卷）People who value their privacy are concerned about _________Google might do with
the information it is gathering.（A．thatB．whatC．whyD．how）
5.（2023 浙江 3 月卷）Recently, scientists have started a debate on _______the computers will “think” like
human in half a century.（A．whereB．whetherC．whoseD．which）
6.（2023 新课标 II 卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.
This is _________ they need an English trainer.
7.（2022 浙江 1 月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak
______ she could do so remotely.
8.（2022 新课标 II 卷）He saved my son’s life,"said Mrs. Brown."I don't know _________ to thank him.”
9.（2022 天津卷改编）Mental health involves________ you process things such as stress and anxiety.
10.（2021 全国 I 卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
11.（2021 北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived．
12.（2021 天津卷改编）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
13.（2021 天津卷改编）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
14.（2020 天津卷改编）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor
Joseph had said.
15.（2020 浙江卷）Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ______ could be hunted or gathered
from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
16.（2020 北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask
them __________you can join in when it's possible.
17.（2020 江苏卷改编）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
18.（2019 全国 I 卷）While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ________ they range all the way
across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
19.（2019
江苏卷改编）
・
Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into
the human body.
答案及解析
1.what 解析：考查表语从句引导词。“is” 后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用 what 引导，what
在从句中作主语，意为 “…… 的事情”。故填 what。
2.what 解析：考查宾语从句。后文为介词 in 的宾语，is 前缺主语，指物，用 what 引导宾语从句，作
介词 in 的宾语，故填 what。
3.what 解析：考查表语从句。表语从句中缺少宾语，且指事物，应用连接代词 what。故填 what。
4.B 解析：考查宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少宾语，表示 “谷歌可能做的事情”，用连接代词 what 引导。
故选 B。
5.B 解析：考查名词性从句。表示 “是否”，用连接代词 whether 引导宾语从句。故选 B。
6.why 解析：考查表语从句。从句结构完整，前文提及需要培训师的原因，应用 why 引导表语从句表达
“这就是…… 的原因”。故填 why。
7.if/whether 解析：考查宾语从句。ask 后接宾语从句，从句缺 “是否” 之意，whether/if 符合语境，故
填 whether 或 if。
8.how 解析：考查宾语从句。设空处为 “特殊疑问词 + to do” 结构作宾语，how 意为 “如何”，符合
句意。故填 how。
9.how 解析：考查名词性从句。宾语从句中不缺主宾，但缺 “如何” 之意，用 how 引导。故填
how。
10.What 解析：考查主语从句。引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，表示 “…… 的东西”，故填 What。
11.where 解析：考查宾语从句。介词 about 后接宾语从句，从句缺地点状语，用 where 表示 “…… 的
地方”。故填 where。
12.what 解析：考查宾语从句。动词 become 后接宾语从句，从句中 be 缺少表语，what 起双重作用
（引导词 + 表语）。故填 what。
13.why 解析：考查表语从句。表语从句缺 “为什么” 之意，用 why 引导说明困惑的原因。故填
why。
14.what 解析：考查名词性从句。宾语从句中缺 said 的宾语，表示 “…… 所说的话”，用 what 引导。
故填 what。
15.what 解析：考查名词性从句。宾语从句缺主语，表 “什么” 之意，用 what 引导。故填 what。
16.if/whether 解析：考查连词。宾语从句成分完整但缺 “是否” 之意，故填 if/whether。
17.whether 解析：考查主语从句。it 为形式主语，whether 引导的从句为真正主语，表 “能否” 之意。
故填 whether。
18.that 解析：考查同位语从句。主句结构完整，空格后从句解释 evidence 的内容，用 that 引导。故填
that。
19.that 解析：考查同位语从句。从句不缺成分，与 evidence 指代同一事件，用 that 引导。故填 that。
模拟预测
一、语法填空（单句）
高考英语语法名词性从句语法填空练习
1.It is a mystery ______ she left the party without saying goodbye to anyone.
答案：why
解析：本题考查主语从句。句中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。从句中不缺主语、宾语等主
要成分，但根据句意 “她没和任何人道别就离开派对，这是个谜”，可知缺少表示原因的连接词，故填
why。
2.______ wins the election will face a tough challenge in solving the economic problem.
答案：Whoever
解析：本题考查主语从句。从句中缺少主语，且表示 “无论谁” 的含义。Whoever 在主语从句中可作
主语，相当于 anyone who，符合句意 “无论谁赢得选举，在解决经济问题上都将面临严峻挑战”，故填
Whoever。
3.The teacher asked the students ______ they had finished their homework or not.
答案：whether
解析：本题考查宾语从句。句中 asked 后接宾语从句，根据后面的 or not 可知，此处应用 whether 引导
宾语从句，whether...or not 为固定搭配，故填 whether。注意 if 不能与 or not 连用。
4.The problem is ______ we can get enough financial support for the project.
答案：whether
解析：本题考查表语从句。句中系动词 is 后接表语从句，根据句意 “问题是我们能否为这个项目获得
足够的资金支持”，表示 “是否”，且表语从句中表示疑问含义时用 whether，故填 whether。
5.I have no idea ______ the meeting will be held tomorrow morning or afternoon.
答案：whether
解析：本题考查同位语从句。idea 后接同位语从句，解释说明 idea 的具体内容。根据句意 “我不知道
会议明天上午还是下午举行”，表示 “是否”，故填 whether。
6.______ he succeeded in the end surprised all of us.
答案：That
解析：本题考查主语从句。从句 “he succeeded in the end” 结构完整，不缺任何成分，此时应用 that 引
导主语从句，that 在主语从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用，故填 That。
7.Please tell me ______ you saw at the concert last night.
答案：what
解析：本题考查宾语从句。从句中缺少 saw 的宾语，且表示 “所…… 的事物”，应用 what 引导宾语
从句，what 在从句中作宾语，故填 what。
8.The fact ______ he didn't attend the important meeting made his boss very angry.
答案：that
解析：本题考查同位语从句。fact 后接同位语从句，解释说明 fact 的具体内容。从句 “he didn't attend
the important meeting” 结构完整，不缺成分，应用 that 引导，故填 that。
9.It depends on ______ we can get there on time.
答案：whether
解析：本题考查宾语从句。depend on 后接宾语从句，根据句意 “这取决于我们能否按时到达那里”，
表示 “是否”，应用 whether 引导宾语从句，故填 whether。
10.The question ______ should be responsible for the accident has not been decided yet.
答案：who
解析：本题考查同位语从句。question 后接同位语从句，解释说明 question 的具体内容。从句中缺少主
语，且表示 “谁”，应用 who 引导，故填 who。
11.______ the ancient city was built remains a secret to us.
答案：How
解析：本题考查主语从句。根据句意 “这座古城是如何建造的，对我们来说仍然是个秘密”，从句中缺
少表示方式的连接词，应用 How 引导主语从句，故填 How。
12.She is no longer ______ she used to be ten years ago.
答案：what
解析：本题考查表语从句。从句中缺少表语，且表示 “…… 的样子”，应用 what 引导表语从句，what
在从句中作表语，故填 what。
13.I wonder ______ you are getting along with your new classmates.
答案：how
解析：本题考查宾语从句。根据句意 “我想知道你和你的新同学相处得怎么样”，表示 “如何，怎
样”，应用 how 引导宾语从句，故填 how。
14.The news ______ a famous singer will come to our city spread quickly.
答案：that
解析：本题考查同位语从句。news 后接同位语从句，解释说明 news 的具体内容。从句 “a famous
singer will come to our city” 结构完整，不缺成分，应用 that 引导，故填 that。
15.______ you choose to live has a great effect on your way of life.
答案：Where
解析：本题考查主语从句。根据句意 “你选择在哪里生活对你的生活方式有很大影响”，从句中缺少地
点状语，应用 Where 引导主语从句，故填 Where。
16.He made a promise ______ he would help me with my English study.
答案：that
解析：本题考查同位语从句。promise 后接同位语从句，解释说明 promise 的具体内容。从句 “he
would help me with my English study” 结构完整，不缺成分，应用 that 引导，故填 that。
17.It is not clear ______ the government will take action to control the price of houses.
答案：when
解析：本题考查主语从句。句中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。根据句意 “政府何时会采
取行动控制房价还不清楚”，缺少表示时间的连接词，故填 when。
18.Do you know ______ dictionary this is? I found it on the desk.
答案：whose
解析：本题考查宾语从句。根据句意 “你知道这是谁的字典吗？我在桌子上发现的”，表示 “谁的”，
应用 whose 引导宾语从句，whose 在从句中作定语，修饰 dictionary，故填 whose。
19.The reason why he was late for school is ______ he missed the early bus.
答案：that
解析：本题考查表语从句。The reason why...is that... 为固定句型，意为 “…… 的原因是……”。从句
“he missed the early bus” 结构完整，应用 that 引导表语从句，故填 that。
20.______ he told us at the meeting was very important for our work.
答案：What
解析：本题考查主语从句。从句中缺少 told 的宾语，且表示 “所…… 的内容”，应用 What 引导主语
从句，What 在从句中作宾语，故填 What。
21．A new school will be built in is a bankrupt factory now.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一所新学校将在那个破产的工厂厂址建成。分析句子可知，“ is a
bankrupt factory now”是介词in 的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what 引导该从句，意
为“……的地方”。故填what。
22．I enjoyed every happy moment despite the fact the training life was really difficult.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我享受每一个快乐的时刻，尽管事实是训练生活真的很困难。结合句
意及空前的despite the fact 可知此处应用that，despite the fact that…为固定句型，意为“尽管事实
是……”，that 引导同位语从句，对抽象名词fact 进行解释说明，引导词that 在从句中不作成分，不能省
略。故填that。
23．There is no solid evidence people can control their dreams.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：没有有力的证据证明人们可以控制他们的梦想。分析句子结构可知，
空后句子是对evidence 的解释说明，且句子中不缺任何成分，故用that 引导同位语从句。故填that。
24．The scientists began to investigate how climate change (come about).
【答案】had come about
【详解】考查时态。句意：科学家们开始调查气候变化是如何发生的。分析句子结构可知，该句为宾语
从句，从句的时态受主句时态的制约。当主语时态为一般过去时的时候，从句的时态要用过去的某种时
态，结合句意可知，在开始调查之前，气候就已经在发生了，因此要用过去完成时态。故填had come
about。
25．I made a promise I would overcome my shyness and communicate with others actively in
college.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我承诺在大学里我会克服自己的害羞，积极与他人交流。分析句子结
构可知，名词promise 后是同位语从句，解释说明 promise 的内容，从句中不缺成分且句意完整，故填
that。
26．There is concern the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire
safety rules.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有人担心建造塔楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规则。分析句子结构
可知，空处后面的句子“the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety
rules.”(建造塔楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规则)是对concern(担心)的解释，所以是同位语从句，且从
句不缺任何成分，故用that。
27． made him satisfied was that his students were able to read, speak and write in English, and they
became more confident in learning.
【答案】What
【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：让他感到满意的是，他的学生能够用英语读，说和写，并且他们
在学习上变得更加自信了。分析句子结构可知“_________made him satisfied”(使他满意的是)是主语从句，
且从句中缺少主语，且指代事物，应用what 来引导，且单词位于句首，注意首字母大写，故填What。
28．If one is late for a job interview, it is not likely he will get the job.
【答案】that
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：如果一个人面试迟到，他就不可能得到这份工作。分析句子结构，此句
为主语从句，it 作形式主语，真正的主语为从句he will get the job，因从句是完整的，只需要一个引导词，
连接代词that 符合题意。故填that。
29．Therefore, it is advisable you should value and treat them with care.
【答案】that
【详解】考查连词。句意：因此，你重视他们且慎重地对待他们才是可取的。it 作形式主语，that 引导主
语从句作真正主语。在主语从句中，不缺主干成分，不缺意思，故填that。
30．Lucy couldn't' recall happened five days ago.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：露西记不起五天前发生的事了。动词recall 后接宾语从句，从句缺
乏引导词，此空在从句中作主语，意为“……的事物”，用连接代词what。故填what。
31． began as a small activity has taken the shape of an inspiring institution of international standards.
【答案】What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：一开始只是一项小小的活动，现在已经形成了一个鼓舞人心的国际标准
机构。句中has taken 是谓语动词，前面是主语从句，由What 引导，指代“开始的内容”。故填What。
32．There is evidence acupuncture began during the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were
used to press areas of the body.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：有证据表明，针刺疗法始于石器时代，当时被称为“砭”的
石器被用来按压身体的部位。There is evidence that...“有证据表明......”，其中that 引导同位语从句，解释说
明 evidence 的具体内容。故填that。
33．The journalist echoed the villagers’ doubt in the newspaper the tourist resorts would really
benefit the local economy.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查连词。句意：记者在报纸上回应了村民们的质疑，即旅游胜地是否真的会给当地经济带来
好处。根据句意可知，旅游胜地是否真的会给当地经济带来好处，该空应填连词“是否whether”引导同位
语从，对前文抽象名词doubt 进行解释说明。故填whether。
34．It remains to be seen the new teaching method is more effective.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这种新的教学方法是否更有效还有待观察。It remains to be seen whether…
是固定搭配，意为“某事有待……”，分析句意可知，此处是一个主语从句，表示“是否”故填
whether。
35．The village has changed beyond recognition, with rows of factories built on used to be farmlands.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个村庄变得面目全非，在原来的农田上建起了成排的工厂。分析句子
可知，“______ used to be farmlands”是一个宾语从句，且从句缺主语，故应用what 来引导。故填what。
36．Please give the book to wins the first prize.
【答案】whoever
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：请把这本书给得头奖的人。此处介词to 后面是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，
表示“无论谁”应用whoever，故填whoever。
37．I am in favor of the view we must make full use of the existing technical equipment.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我赞成这样一种观点，即我们必须充分利用现有的技术设备。空后面
的句子解释说明view 的内容，所以空处引导同位语从句，所填词在从句中不作成分，所以填that。
38． made his father angry was that he lied rather than made mistakes.
【答案】What
【详解】考查主语从句连词。句意：使他父亲生气的不是他犯错而是他撒谎。根据句子结构判断是主语
从句，从句中缺主语，且意为“.....的事”，应用连接代词what。故填what.
39．Mr Mike didn’t understand it was that made his wife so upset this morning.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：迈克先生不能理解到底是什么让他的妻子今天早晨如此生气。空格处是
宾语从句，从句中缺主语，表“...的事物”，应用连词代词what，要用陈述语序。它的疑问句是what was
it that made his wife so upset this morning？这是对特殊疑问句what 强调的强调句型。故空格处填what。
40．The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While
they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south
as James Bay in Canada.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：北极熊分布在北极圈和一些向南远至纽芬兰的大片陆地上。
虽然它们在88°以北很少见，但有证据表明，它们的活动范围一直延伸到北极，甚至南至加拿大的詹姆斯
湾。本句含有一个同位语从句，解释了名词evidence“证据”的具体内容，从句引导词在从句中不作成分，
也实意，应和连词that 引导该同位语从句。故填that。
41．After five hours’ drive, they reached they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.
（用适当的单词填空）
【答案】what
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：经过五个小时的车程，他们到达了他们认为是梦想之地的地方。
___________ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of. 这个句子在动词reach 之后作宾语，是宾语
从句，___________ they thought 这个句子在was 前面，是主语从句，意为“他们认为……的地方”，the
place that=what。故填what。
42．After a day’s exhausting climb we arrived at we had been told was Garden in the Air.
【答案】what
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：经过一天筋疲力尽的攀爬，我们终于到了那个被称为“空中花园”的
地方。at 为介词，后面是一个宾语从句，we had been told 可以看为插入语，从句缺少主语，表示物，需
用关系代词what 引导。故填what。
43．After that, happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.
【答案】what
【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：从那以后，琥珀屋到底发生了什么仍然是个谜。根据remains 可
知此处是一个主语从句；分析主语从句成分可知，谓语是happened to，宾语是the Amber Room，缺少主
语，指物，再结合句意，因此引导词用what“什么”。故填what。
【点睛】
44．She will give needs help a warm support.
【答案】whoever
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：凡是需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。空处为宾语从句的连接词，
根据句意可知，表示“无论谁”用连接词whoever。故填whoever。
二、语法填空-语篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“What would the world be if there were no hunger?” It’s a question that Professor Crystal would ask her
students. They found it hard 1 (answer), she wrote later, because imagining something that isn’t part of
real life — and learning how to make it real — is a rare skill. It 2 (teach) to artists and engineers, but
much less often to scientists. Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement. The result —
an approach known as systems thinking — is now seen as essential in meeting global 3 (challenge).
Systems thinking is crucial to 4 (achieve) targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition because
it requires considering the way in which food is produced, processed, delivered and consumed, and looking at how
those things intersect (交叉 ) with human health, the environment, economics and society. According to systems
thinking, changing the food system — or any other network — 5 ( require) three things to happen. First,
researchers need to identify all the players in that system; second, they must work 6 how they relate to
each other; and third, they need to understand and quantify the impact of those relationships on each other and on
those outside the system.
Take nutrition. In the latest UN report on global food security, 7 number of undernourished (营
养不良) people in the world has been rising, despite great advances in nutrition science. Tracking of 150
biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat 8 the
occurrence of common diseases. But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose
that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals — and that the vast majority are not known. This shows
that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking — 9 , in this
example, is to identify more constituent parts of the nutrition system.
A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal
power. But as some researchers find, the food system is not an equal one. A good way to redress ( 修正) such
power imbalance is for more universities to do 10 Crystal did and teach students how to think using a
systems approach.
More researchers, policymakers and representatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their
direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach. Crystal knew that visions alone don’t produce results,
but concluded that “we’ll never produce results that we can’t envision”.
【答案】
1．to answer 2．is taught 3．challenges 4．achieving 5．requires 6．out 7．the
8．and 9．which 10．what
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Crystal 教授倡导系统思维方法，以解决全球饥饿等复杂问题，强
调跨学科合作和全面分析。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：她后来写道，他们发现这个问题很难回答，因为想象一些不属于现实生活的
东西，并学会如何让它成为现实，是一种罕见的技能。空前it 为形式宾语，该空所给动词answer 在句中
作真正的宾语，应使用动词不定式形式。故填to answer。
2．考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：这种技能艺术家和工程师都学过，但科学家很少学。该空所给动词
teach 在句中作谓语，主语It 指代前文a rare skill，与动词teach 被动关系，“技能被教”应使用被动语态，
叙述客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语是单三人称，助动词be 应使用单数形式。故填is taught。
3．考查名词复数。句意：其结果——一种被称为系统思维的方法——现在被视为应对全球挑战的关键。
该空需要一个名词作宾语，名词challenge 为可数名词，空前没有表示单数的限定词，此处表示全球各种
挑战，应使用名词复数形式。故填challenges。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：系统思维对于实现零饥饿和改善营养等目标至关重要，因为它需要考虑粮食
生产、加工、交付和消费的方式，并研究这些事物如何与人类健康、环境、经济和社会相互影响。该空
所给动词achieve 在句中作介词to 的宾语，应使用动名词形式，be crucial to doing 表示“对做某事很重
要”。故填achieving。
5．考查时态及主谓一致。句意：根据系统思维，改变食物系统或任何其他网络需要做到三件事。该空所
给动词require 在句中作谓语，句子叙述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，主语“changing the food system
— or any other network”为单数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填requires。
6．考查固定短语。句意：其次，他们必须弄清楚他们如何相互联系。动词短语work out 意为“计算出；
解决；搞清楚”符合句意，后面“how they relate to each other”是宾语从句。故填out。
7．考查冠词。句意：在联合国关于全球粮食安全的最新报告中，尽管营养科学取得了巨大进步，但世界
上营养不良人口的数量一直在上升。根据后面谓语动词“has been rising”可知，该句主语应该是number，
特指“……的数量”应使用短语the number of…。故填the。
8．考查连词。句意：追踪食物中的150 种生化物质对于揭示卡路里、糖、脂肪与常见疾病的发生之间的
关系非常重要。根据前文between 可知，此处应填and，between…and…表示“……与……之间”，符合
句意。故填and。
9．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这表明，在实现系统思考的第一个目标之前，我们还有一段路要走
——在这个例子中，这个目标是确定营养系统的更多组成部分。该空需要一个关系代词引导非限制性定
语从句，解释前面名词短语the first objective of systems thinking 的内容，并指代先行词在从句中作主语，
应填which。故填which。
10．考查宾语从句。句意：纠正这种权力失衡的一个好方法是让更多的大学像克里斯托大学所做的那样，
教学生如何用系统的方法思考。该空需要一个连接词引导宾语从句，作前面do 的宾语，并指代事物在从
句中作did 的宾语，应填what，表示“……所做的”。故填what。
Oasis agriculture is a unique agricultural practice that thrives in the middle of arid and semi-arid regions,
1 water is a limited resource. These oases, usually forms where underground water reaches the ground, create
fertile soil in deserts, 2 (allow) crops and plants to grow in such tough conditions. AlUla, 3
area in northwest Saudi Arabia, is a perfect example of this type of farming, with a history of thousands of years.
The formation of AIUla’s oasis results from a dry riverbed 4 channels water from distant rain
into the valley, enriching the soil with minerals from the neighboring basalt (玄武岩) plains. This natural water
source not only helped plants to grow and attracted animals but also became the home of early human 5
(society). Around 5, 000 years ago, people started to grow cereal grains in this area. Scientists have found
evidence of ancient farming and diets in old grains, seeds, and wood, showing 6 important the oasis
was for these early communities.
Today, oases like AlUla are not only centers for farming but also places where trade, knowledge, and
farming methods 7 (share) for centuries. However, these oases now face serious threats. For example,
climate problems are changing rain patterns and making areas drier. Harmful farming practices and city expansion
are using up water supplies, causing water levels to drop and soil to lose quality. Competition for limited resources
is making social and economic gaps wider, putting oasis agriculture at risk. 8 quick action, its future is
uncertain.
To protect oasis agriculture, 9 (sustain) management is needed. This includes using water-saving
irrigation systems, avoiding water waste, and 10 (encourage)natural farming with varied crops. It is also
vital to include local communities in protecting oases, as they have valuable knowledge passed down through
generations. By doing these, we can ensure oasis agriculture survives and helps protect both Earth’s biodiversity
and cultural history.
【答案】
1．where 2．allowing 3．an 4．that/which 5．societies 6．how 7．have been shared
8．Without 9．sustainable 10．encouraging
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了绿洲农业的形成、发展、面临的威胁及保护措施。
1．考查定语从句。句意：绿洲农业是一种独特的农业实践，在干旱和半干旱地区蓬勃发展，在这些地区
水是一种有限的资源。空处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是arid and semi - arid regions，关系词在从句
中作地点状语，应用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些绿洲通常形成于地下水到达地面的地方，在沙漠中创造了肥沃的土壤，
使作物和植物能够在如此恶劣的条件下生长。本句已有谓语动词create，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用
非谓语动词作状语；此处表示自热而然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填allowing。
3．考查冠词。句意：位于沙特阿拉伯西北部的AlUla 地区就是这种农业的一个完美例子，它有着数千年
的历史。此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词，area 是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填
an。
4．考查定语从句。句意：AlUla 绿洲的形成是由于一条干涸的河床将远处的雨水引入山谷，从邻近的玄
武岩平原中为土壤带来矿物质。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a dry riverbed，指物，关系词在定语
从句中作主语，应用关系代词that 或which 引导。故填that 或which。
5．考查名词复数。句意：这种天然水源不仅帮助植物生长，吸引了动物，还成为早期人类社会的家园。
society 在此处表示“社会”，是可数名词，根据语境可知，此处指多个早期人类社会，应用复数形式。
故填societies。
6．考查宾语从句。句意：科学家们在古老的谷物、种子和木材中发现了古代农业和饮食的证据，表明绿
洲对这些早期社区是多么重要。动词showing 后接宾语从句，空处修饰形容词important，表示程度，应用
连接副词how 引导。故填how。
7．考查动词语态。句意：今天，像AlUla 这样的绿洲不仅是农业中心，也是几个世纪以来贸易、知识和
耕作方法交流的地方。根据时间状语for centuries 可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has
done，主语methods 和动词share 之间是被动关系，所以空处需用现在完成时态的被动语态，主语是复数
methods，助动词用have。故填have been shared。
8．考查介词。句意：如果不迅速采取行动，它的未来是不确定的。根据句意可知，此处应用介词
without“没有”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Without。
9．考查形容词。句意：为了保护绿洲农业，需要可持续的管理。空处修饰名词management，应用形容词
sustainable“可持续的”，作定语。故填sustainable。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这包括使用节水灌溉系统，避免浪费水资源，并鼓励采用多样化作物的自
然耕作方式。including 后接动名词encouraging，与using 和avoiding 并列作宾语。故填encouraging。
语法填空
What’s wrong with being an amateur? While 1 (read) a recently published report saying “many
people who attend plays are themselves involved in a form of amateur drama”, August Schulenburg of the Flux
Theatre questioned the divide 2 amateurs and professional artists.
One reason for the barrier, he suggests, is fear. “When professional arts organizations perceive their value
under threat, they 3 draw rigid lines to protect it. Amateurs are pushed aside out of fear that they will
somehow endanger the professional brands.”
But for Schulenburg, it’s an outdated attitude towards amateurs. “The professional artist must be among
them and of them; the amateur must be an equal partner on the stage.” 4 sounds much like he is
advocating the kind of large-scale community work. If so, he might have a point.
The importance of forming a community rather than a passive audience is 5 Douglas MacLennan
has also picked up recently on a blog. In a post 6 (headline) “Pay attention! If selling tickets is your
business model, you've got a problem”, he argues that theatres and other arts institutions will only survive if they
“build community rather than audience”. The idea is that you give the public reasons 7 (engage) with
your company, you build loyalty so that their support is more than just a consumer transaction. Abigail Katz, a
regular theater-goer, wonders 8 theatres offer good value for money. She has written recently in a post
at the Playgoer blog that much of the theatre “doesn’t do anything ... doesn’t make me feel anything”.
Lynn Conner, one author of the report, also mentioned “I believe what is 9 (appealing) to today’s
potential arts audiences is the opportunity to co-author meaning. They don’t want the arts; they want the
experience. They want to gain the cultural rights by formıng and exchanging opinions that 10 (value) in
the community.”
【答案】
1．reading 2．between 3．must 4．It 5．something/what 6．headlined 7．to engage
8．whether/if 9．the most appealing 10．are valued
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了业余爱好者与专业艺术家的界限问题，以及艺术机构应注重构
建社区而非单纯吸引观众的观点。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在阅读一份最近发表的报告时，报告中提到“许多去看戏的人自己也参与了
某种形式的业余戏剧”，Flux 剧院的August Schulenburg 对业余爱好者和专业艺术家之间的界限提出了质
疑。while 引导的时间状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be 的某种形式时，可省略从句
的主语和be，本句的完整形式为：While August Schulenburg was reading a recently published report...，省略
了August Schulenburg was。故填reading。
2．考查介词。句意：在阅读一份最近发表的报告时，报告中提到“许多去看戏的人自己也参与了某种形
式的业余戏剧”，Flux 剧院的August Schulenburg 对业余爱好者和专业艺术家之间的界限提出了质疑。
between...and...为固定短语，意为“在……和……之间”。故填between。
3．考查情态动词。句意：当专业的艺术组织认为自己的价值受到威胁时，他们会划出严格的界限来保护
它。根据句意可知，此处表示“一定会，必须”，应用情态动词must。故填must。
4．考查代词。句意：“专业艺术家必须融入他们之中，成为他们的一员；业余爱好者必须在舞台上成为
平等的伙伴。”这听起来很像他在倡导一种大规模的社区工作。分析句子结构可知，此处应用代词it 作
主语，指代前面提到的“The professional artist must be among them and of them; the amateur must be an equal
partner on the stage”这句话，且谓语句首，首字母需大写。故填It。
5．考查表语从句或不定代词。句意：建立社区而不是被动观众的重要性也是Douglas MacLennan 最近在
博客上提到的。分析句子结构可知，此处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用
连接代词what 引导；或者此处也可以用不定代词something 作主句中的表语且充当先行词，后面为省略
了that 的定语从句，修饰something。故填something/what。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一篇题为“注意！如果卖票是你的商业模式，你就有问题了”的帖子中，
他认为剧院和其他艺术机构只有“建立社区而不是观众”才能生存。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为完整
的句子，且无其它连词，所以此处应用headline 的非谓语动词形式作后置定语，修饰名词post，headline
与post 之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填headlined。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个想法是，你给公众理由让他们与你的公司互动，你建立忠诚度，这样他
们的支持就不仅仅是一种消费交易。分析句子结构可知，that 表语从句中已有谓语动词give，所以此处应
用非谓语动词形式作后置定语，修饰名词reasons，表示“与……互动的理由”，应用动词不定式形式。
故填to engage。
8．考查宾语从句。句意：经常去看戏的Abigail Katz 想知道剧院是否物有所值。分析句子结构可知，此
处为wonder 后的宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，根据语意可知，此处表示“是否”，应用whether 或if
引导。故填whether/if。
9．考查形容词最高级。句意：报告的作者之一Lynn Conner 也提到：“我相信，如今最吸引潜在艺术观
众的是共同创造意义的最有吸引力的机会。他们不想要艺术；他们想要的是体验。他们想通过形成和交
换在社区中被重视的观点来获得文化权利。”根据语境可知，此处表示“最有吸引力的”，应用形容词
最高级形式。故填the most appealing。
10．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：报告的作者之一Lynn Conner 也提到：“我相信，如今吸引潜在
艺术观众的是共同创造意义的机会。他们不想要艺术；他们想要的是体验。他们想通过形成和交换在社
区中被重视的观点来获得文化权利。”分析句子结构可知，此处为that 引导的定语从句中的谓语动词，关
系词that 指代先行词opinions，在从句中作主语，与value 之间为被动关系，且句子描述的是一般事实，
所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be 动词用are。故填are valued。
