学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
进阶练01 句子成分和句子类型综合（两题型，100 题）
说明：此专题分两种题型，难度依次递升，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！
一、语法填空-单句，每小题1 分，满分50 分
1.To learn English well ______ (require) consistent practice every day.
答案：requires
解析：本题考查主谓句型。句中 “To learn English well” 是不定式短语作主语，不定式作主语时视为单
数概念。根据 “every day” 可知时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填 requires。
2.Her main hobby ______ (be) painting beautiful landscapes in her free time.
答案：is
解析：本题考查主系表句型。主语 “Her main hobby” 为单数形式，描述客观事实用一般现在时，系动
词用 is，故填 is。
3.The teacher asked ______ we had finished our group project.
答案：if/whether
解析：本题考查主谓宾句型中的宾语从句。空格处需引导宾语从句且表疑问含义 “是否完成项目”，宾
语从句中表 “是否” 可用 if 或 whether，故填 if/whether。
4.My uncle sent ______ a valuable collection of stamps on my birthday.
答案：me
解析：本题考查主谓双宾句型。“send sb sth” 为双宾语结构，“sb” 作间接宾语。根据语境 “叔叔寄给
我邮票”，应用第一人称宾格 me，故填 me。
5.All the students found the lecture on space exploration ______ (fascinate).
答案：fascinating
解析：本题考查主谓宾宾补句型。空格处需形容词作宾语补足语，修饰物 “lecture” 用 fascinating（令
人着迷的），故填 fascinating。
6.The book ______ I borrowed from the library last week is very interesting.
答案：that/which
解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词 “the book” 指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，可用 that 或 which，故
填 that/which。
7.______ it rains tomorrow, we will have to cancel the outdoor picnic.
答案：If
解析：本题考查条件状语从句。空格处需引导条件状语从句，表 “如果明天下雨”，用 If 引导，故填
If。
8.There ______ (be) a wonderful concert in the stadium last Saturday evening.
答案：was
解析：本题考查 there be 句型。“there be” 句型遵循就近原则，主语 “a wonderful concert” 为单数，时
间 “last Saturday evening” 表过去，故填 was。
9.______ (keep) quiet in the cinema during the movie, please.
答案：Keep
解析：本题考查祈使句。祈使句以动词原形开头，表请求或命令，“保持安静” 用 Keep quiet，故填
Keep。
10.______ useful advice our teacher gave us before the exam!
答案：What
解析：本题考查感叹句。感叹句结构为 “What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”，“advice”
为不可数名词，故填 What。
11.______ he succeeded in the competition surprised all his classmates.
答案：That
解析：本题考查主语从句。空格处需引导主语从句，从句 “he succeeded...” 表意完整，用 that 引导
（that 无实义但不可省略），故填 That。
12.A new library ______ (build) in our school last semester.
答案：was built
解析：本题考查被动语态。主语 “A new library” 与 “build” 为被动关系，时间 “last semester” 表过
去，用一般过去时被动语态，故填 was built。
13.Though ______ (tire) after the long journey, he still helped with the housework.
答案：tired
解析：本题考查状语从句省略。Though 引导的让步状语从句中，主语与主句主语一致且含 be 动词时可
省略，完整形式为 “Though he was tired”，故填 tired。
14.My parents encouraged me ______ (participate) in the English speaking contest.
答案：to participate
解析：本题考查宾语补足语。“encourage sb to do sth” 为固定搭配，意为 “鼓励某人做某事”，故填 to
participate。
15.This is the city ______ I was born and grew up.
答案：where
解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词 “the city” 指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用 where 引导，故
填 where。
16.The question is ______ we should start the project next Monday.
答案：whether
解析：本题考查表语从句。表语从句中表 “是否” 时只能用 whether（不用 if），故填 whether。
17.By the end of last year, they ______ (complete) three major research projects.
答案：had completed
解析：本题考查过去完成时。“By the end of + 过去时间” 表 “到过去某时为止”，主句用过去完成时，
故填 had completed。
18.There ______ (be) great changes in our hometown in the past ten years.
答案：have been
解析：本题考查 there be 句型时态。“in the past ten years” 表从过去到现在的时间段，用现在完成时，
主语 “changes” 为复数，故填 have been。
19.Let's go to the park this weekend, ______ we?
答案：shall
解析：本题考查祈使句反义疑问句。以 “Let's” 开头的祈使句，反义疑问句用 “shall we”，故填
shall。
20.______ beautifully the singer performed on the stage last night!
答案：How
解析：本题考查感叹句。感叹句修饰副词 “beautifully” 用 “How”，结构为 “How + 副词 + 主语 +
谓语！”，故填 How。
21．My main reason for (subscribe) to New Scientist is to keep pace of advances in science.
【答案】subscribing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我订阅《新科技》的主要原因为了是跟上先进科技的步伐。根据空格
前介词for 可知，空格处应填动名词subscribing 作介词的宾语。故填subscribing。
22．You’d better not be too strict with her. all，she is only four.
【答案】.After
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：你最好不要对她太严格。毕竟，她只有四岁。根据上下文可知，这里考
查固定搭配after all，表示“毕竟”；因为放在句首，首字母要大写，所以应填After。故填After。
23．In this situation，you must manage to inform him straight .
【答案】away
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在这种情况下，你必须马上通知他。straight away 表示“立刻，马上”，
所以空格处应填away。故填away。
24．We (amuse) to learn that she was to sing us a song.
【答案】were amused
【详解】考查时态和句子结构。句意：得知她要给我们唱首歌，我们很高兴。根据she was to sing us a
song.可知，本句为一般过去时，本句为主系表状结构，be amused to do sth“ 很愉快做某事”。故填were
amused。
25．You can more swim than I can fly.
【答案】no
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你不会游泳，就像我不会飞一样。固定短语no more...than 表示“与……
同样不”，more 之前是否定词no。故填no。
26．
5
do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?
【答案】Who
【详解】考查疑问词。句意：你觉得明天谁会就英语发表演讲？do you guess 是插入语，give a talk 缺少主
语，发表演讲的主语应该是人，因此空格处是who，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Who。
27．The following is a (summarize) of our conclusions.
【答案】summary
【详解】考查名词。句意：以下是我们结论的总结。由空前a 及空后of 可知，此处是使用名词单数形式。
故填summary。
28．The number of reported crimes is increasing an alarming rate.
【答案】at
【详解】考查介词。句意：被报道的犯罪案件数量正以惊人的速度增长。根据句意，设空处应填at，此
句考查介词短语at a rate，意为“以……的速度”，介词短语作状语。故填at。
29．A victory tonight will put them a very good position to win the cup.
【答案】in
【详解】考查介词。句意：今晚的胜利将使他们处于赢得奖杯的有利地位。此处考查动词短语put sb in a
position to do sth，意为“使某人处于做……的状况”，设空处应填介词in，作状语。故填in。
30．By the time I see you again, I (graduate) from that school.
【答案】will have graduated
【详解】句意：到我再见到你的时候，我就已经从那所学校毕业了。结合句意可知此处用将来完成时态，
故答案为will have graduated。
31．I saw a boy (jump) into the river yesterday.
【答案】jump
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天，我看到了一个小孩跳到了河里。根据句意可知，此处表示看见
某人做某事的全过程，应用动词短语see sb. do sth.，使用省略to 的不定式，作宾语补足语。故填jump。
32．Tao Xingzhi (devote) his life to the educational cause of the motherland.
【答案】devoted
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：陶行知为祖国的教育事业奉献了一生。根据句意可知，本句描述过去发
生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词devote 用过去式，作谓语。故填devoted。
33．The lawyer offered ( guide) to black people on their legal problem.
【答案】guidance
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位律师给黑人提供一些法律问题的指导。名词guidance 意为“指导”，在
句中充当动词offer 的宾语，所以要填名词guidance。
34．It scared me to see a whale (attack) by a pack of about six other killers at that time.
【答案】being attacked
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： 看到一只鲸鱼被另外六只杀手鲸攻击，我吓了一跳。分析句子，see
sb. doing 为固定用法，表示“看见某人正在做某事”，该空所给动词attack(攻击)在句中作see 的宾语a
whale 的补足语，被动关系，应使用现在分词的被动式，see sb.being done 结构表示“看到……正在
被……”。故填being attacked。
35．I had dreams but they seemed too far away for me to make them a (real).
【答案】reality
【详解】考查名词。句意：我有梦想，但它们似乎太遥远，我无法使它们成为现实。根据所给句子，结
合所给单词可知，这里应该填名词reality，make sth. a reality 是固定搭配，意为“使...成为现实”。故填
reality。
36．Recent research findings (cast) light on the origin of our universe, which has puzzled the scientific
world.
【答案】have cast
【详解】考查动词和现在完成时。句意：最近的研究成果揭示了宇宙的起源，这个问题一直困扰着科学
界。分析句子可知，设空处应填动词作谓语。cast light on 为固定搭配，意为“使真相大白”，作谓语。
再根据从句中has puzzled 可知，主句应使用现在完成时。主句主语recent research findings 为复数，动词
完成时用have cast。故填have cast。
37．The hotels (launch) new services last week to cater for the growing number of Chinese visitors to
the region.
【答案】launched
【详解】考查动词，时态。句意：这些酒店上周推出了新服务，以迎合日益增长的中国游客。分析句子，
该空所给动词launch(发起，推出)在句中作谓语，与主语主动关系，根据时间状语last week，该空应使用
动词一般过去时。故填launched。
38．We need to constantly update and review the needed documents a regular basis.
【答案】on
【详解】考查介词和固定搭配。句意：我们需要不断更新和定期审查所需的文件。名词basis 应和介词on
搭配，“on a regular basis”意为“定期地”，为固定搭配，在此处作状语。故填on。
39．You'd better (low) your standards if you want to find somewhere cheap to live.
【答案】lower
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你想找个便宜的地方住，你最好降低你的标准。根据句意，此处是“had
better+动词原形”，所填词是动词原形；low 是形容词，此处需要把low 变成动词lower，意思为“降
低”。故填lower。
40．Last not least, always look on the bright side and never lose hope, even in difficult situations.
【答案】but
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：最后但同样重要的是，即使在困难的情况下，也要总是看到光明的一面，
永远不要失去希望。last but not least 最后但同样重要的是，固定短语作状语修饰空后整个句子，符合题意。
故填but。
41．The water was not suitable to drink, so they held until they got to a shop.
【答案】out
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这水不适合喝，所以他们坚持到一家商店去购买。根据句意可知，句中
涉及固定短语“hold out”，意为“坚持，抵抗”，故空格处应用“out”。故填out。
42．But her mother wouldn’t like her daughter (have) that name because she thought that
sounded too much like a boy’s name.
【答案】to have
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是这个母亲不愿意她的女儿叫那个名字，因为她认为那个听起来太
像男孩的名字。分析句子可知，设空处是would like 的宾语补足语，构成would like sb. to do sth. 意为
“想让某人做某事”。故填to have。
43．In India, (particular) outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s
family when they get married.
【答案】particularly
【详解】考查副词。句意：在印度，尤其是在城市以外的地方，年轻女性在结婚后应该搬到丈夫的家里。
作评注性状语，表示“尤其”，应用particularly。故填particularly。
44．Jane’s ignorance (contribution) to a terrible traffic accident.
【答案】contributed
【详解】考查动词和一般过去时。句意：简的无知导致了一场可怕的交通事故。此处作谓语应用动词
contribute 表示“促成，是……的原因之一”。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填
contributed。
45．We have to take another road because this road (repair) now.
【答案】is being repaired
【详解】考查时态、语态。句意：我们必须走另一条路，因为这条路正在维修中。根据句子结构，设空
处在because 引导的原因状语从句中，作谓语。根据时间状语now，应用现在进行时；及物动词repair 与
主语this road 之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，助动词应用is。故填is being repaired。
46．The ball (bounce)twice before he could reach it.
【答案】bounced
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：球弹了两次他才接到。根据时间状语从句before he could reach it 可知，句
子谓语动词为一般过去时态，所给词汇bounce，意为“弹起，跳动”，不及物动词，过去式为bounced。
故填bounced。
47．My parents always make me (feel) good about myself.
【答案】feel
【详解】考查宾语补足语。句意：我父母总是让我自我感觉良好。 make sb do sth 意为“让某人做某事”，
为固定搭配，此处用动词原形作宾语补足语。故填feel。
48．How did Jack (response) to your suggestion?
【答案】respond
【详解】考查动词。句意：对于你的建议，杰克作何反应？分析句子可知，空处应填动词构成谓语，由
空处前有助动词did，故空处应用动词原形，结合语意可知，此处考查固定短语respond to，意为“对……
作出反应”。故填respond。
49．Even if you have a , I won’t you to enter the hall without my .
(permit)
【答案】 permit permit permission
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：即使你有许可证，我也不允许你未经我允许进入大厅。不定冠词a 后接名词
单数，permit，名词，意为“许可证，特许证”，作have 的宾语。故填permit。
2.考查动词。句意：即使你有许可证，我也不允许你未经我允许进入大厅。此处考查动词短语permit sb to
do sth, 意为“允许某人做某事”。won’t 后接动词原形，作谓语。故填permit。
3.考查名词。句意：即使你有许可证，我也不允许你未经我允许进入大厅。物主代词my 后接名词，作介
词without 的宾语。permit 的名词permission，不可数名词，意为“同意，许可”，without my
permission，意为“没有我的允许”。故填permission。
50． tradition, people in this region have concentrated on agriculture for generations.
【答案】By
【详解】考查介词。句意：按照传统，这个地区的人们世代专注于农业。根据“for generations”可知，此
处是指按照传统，所以应用介词短语by tradition 表示“按照传统”作状语。句首首字母应大写。故填
By。
二、语法填空，每小题1 分，满分50 分
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one. Then she said, “You may send
him every Saturday morning, if you will pop the corn for him 1 (you). John, will you agree to take
charge of the work?” “Indeed, I will,” replied John, and he kept his word. Very soon the children were busy
popping the corn, while their mother went out to buy the paper 2 (bag). When she came back, she
brought Bernard with her. The corn was all popped, the paper bags filled, and 3 (arrange) in the basket
when Bernard arrived.
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. And much sooner than could 4
(expect), he returned with an empty basket. Never 5 he earned so much money before in his life. When
he found that it was all to be his, he was so delighted that he could 6 (hard) speak, but his bright 7
(smile) face spoke for him. People began to watch for 8 “little popcorn boy”, and every week he had at
least fifty cents to take home, and often 9 (much). All this was because of John’s bright idea, and the
way he carried it 10 .
【答案】
1．yourselves 2．bags 3．arranged 4．be expected 5．had 6．hardly 7．smiling
8．the 9．more 10．out
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了约翰提出让伯纳德卖爆米花的主意，大家一起准备，伯纳德生
意成功的故事。
1．考查反身代词。句意：如果你们自己给他爆玉米花，你们可以每周六早上送他去。此处主语为you，
结合下文中的复数名词children 可知说话对象是“你们”，此处表示“你们自己”，用反身代词
yourselves，强调亲自做某事。故填yourselves。
2．考查名词复数。句意：很快，孩子们忙着爆玉米花，而他们的妈妈出去买纸袋。bag 为可数名词，此
处表示不止一个纸袋，用复数形式bags。故填bags。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：当伯纳德到达时，玉米都爆好了，纸袋也装满了，并且被整理在篮子里。此
处为非谓语动词形式作状语，逻辑主语the paper bags 与arrange 为被动关系，用过去分词arranged，与
“filled”并列，构成“名词+过去分词”的独立主格结构，故填arranged。
4．考查动词语态。句意：比预期快得多，他带着空篮子回来了。此处为谓语动词，could 后接动词原形，
且he 与expect 之间是被动关系。故填be expected。
5．考查倒装句和时态。句意：他一生中从未赚过这么多钱。否定词Never 置于句首，句子用部分倒装；
根据“before in his life”可知，用过去完成时，将助动词had 提至主语前。故填had。
6．考查副词。句意：当他发现这一切都是他的时，他高兴得几乎说不出话来，但他灿烂的笑脸说明了一
切。此处修饰动词speak，结合句意，此处表示“几乎不”，用hardly。故填hardly。
7．考查形容词。句意：当他发现这一切都是他的时，他高兴得几乎说不出话来，但他灿烂的笑脸说明了
一切。此处修饰名词face，形容词smiling 微笑的，符合题意，故填smiling。
8．考查冠词。句意：人们开始期待这个“小爆米花男孩”，每周他至少有50 美分带回家，而且常常更
多。此处特指前面提到的Bernard，用定冠词the。故填the。
9．考查形容词比较级。句意：人们开始期待这个“小爆米花男孩”，每周他至少有50 美分带回家，而
且常常更多。结合语境，此处表示“比50 美分更多”，用much 的比较级more。故填more。
10．考查固定短语。句意：这一切都归功于约翰的好主意以及他实施这个主意的方式。此处为固定搭配
carry out，意为“实施”，所以用out。故填out。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The youth version of The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) 1 (successful) entered the stage of the
Spring for Chinese Arts at the Beijing Tianqiao Performing Arts Center.
The Peony Pavilion, 2 cultural treasure of the world, was written by China’s Ming Dynasty
playwright and writer Tang Xianzu, who is compared to William Shakespeare. And Kunqu Opera, combining
songs 3 (perform) in the Suzhou dialect, graceful body movements, martial arts and dance, was
originally born in the region of Kunshan, Jiangsu Province. It was listed as one of the representative 4
(work) of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity by UNESCO in 2001.
Kunqu Opera uses a 5 (vary) of gestures to express specific emotions and has distinguished itself
by its rhythmic patterns. It also has a major impact 6 all the more recent forms of opera in China, such
as Peking Opera.
7 excites the organizing committee is that The Peony Pavilion 8 (attract) a growing
young audience since its first performance in Beijing. Up to now, Beijing Tianqiao Performing Arts Center, 9
aim is to emphasize the inheritance, promotion, development and popularization of traditional Chinese culture and
arts, has also held many exhibitions which are related to traditional drama, and established the Peking Opera
inheritance class 10 (make) the traditional art popular among children.
【答案】
1．successfully 2．a 3．performed 4．works 5．variety 6．on/upon 7．What
8．has attracted/has been attracting 9．whose 10．to make
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了青年版《牡丹亭》在北京天桥演艺中心成功登上中国艺术之春
舞台，并介绍了昆曲的艺术表现方式，及北京天桥演艺中心的宗旨。
1．考查副词。句意：《牡丹亭》的青少年版成功登上了北京天桥艺术中心的“中国艺术春季演出季”。
修饰动词enter 用副词successfully。故填successfully。
2．考查冠词。句意：《牡丹亭》是世界文化瑰宝，由中国的明代剧作家兼诗人汤显祖所著，他与英国的
威廉·莎士比亚齐名。此处treasure 为泛指，且cultural 是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：而昆曲，融合了用苏州方言演唱的歌曲、优美的身姿动作、武术和舞蹈元素，
最初诞生于江苏省昆山地区。此处perform 与song 构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填
performed。
4．考查名词。句意：2001 年被联合国教科文组织列为人类口头和非物质文化遗产代表作之一。分析句意
可知，work 在本句中是可数名词，表示“作品”，再根据上文one of 可知，one of 后应该跟名词复数，
故填works。
5．考查固定短语。句意：昆曲用各种各样的手势来表达特定的情感，并以其节奏模式而闻名。根据空格
前的a 可知，此处用固定短语a variety of 表示“各种各样的”符合语境。故填variety。
6．考查介词。句意：它也对中国最近的所有戏剧形式产生了重大影响，比如京剧。根据空格前的impact
可知，此处用介词on 或upon 与名词impact 搭配表示“对……的影响”。故填on/upon。
7．考查主语从句。句意：令组委会兴奋的是，《牡丹亭》自首次在北京演出以来，吸引了越来越多的年
轻观众。此处是主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，所以用what 来引导，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。
故填What。
8．考查动词的时态。句意：同上。根据下文的since 可知，本句时态可用现在完成时表示动作从过去持
续到现在，或对现在有影响；还可以用现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某个时刻开始一直持续到现在，
甚至将来；又因为从句的主语The Peony Pavilion 是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has
attracted⁄has been attracting。
9．考查定语从句。句意：迄今为止，北京天桥演艺中心以重视中国传统文化艺术的传承、推广、发展和
普及为宗旨，还举办了许多与传统戏剧有关的展览，并设立了京剧传承班，让传统艺术深入儿童。此处
是定语从句，且先行词Beijing Tianqiao Performing Arts Center 和aim 之间是所属关系，所以空格处用关系
代词whose 作定语。故填whose。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处表示设立京剧传统班目的是为了让传统艺术深入儿童，所以用
此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Careerism is Ruining College
When I pictured myself in college, I envisioned potluck picnics and late nights listening to Taylor Swift.
I never daydreamed about hiding in the library bathroom, crying 1 I had just been rejected from
an undergraduate law journal.
The recently publicized tensions on college campuses, particularly those in the Ivy League, are 2
many forces at play for students today. But there’s another that has not yet fascinated the news cycle.
It’s called pre-professional pressure: a widespread culture 3 convinces many of us that only
careers in fields such as computer programming, finance and consulting, preferably at firms like McKinsey or
Google, secure 4 worthwhile futures.
When I first got to the University of Pennsylvania in August of 2019, it felt like a daily pop quiz, one 5
I was graded on a language I still struggle to speak.
I heard students say things like: I think I want to work in mergers ( 合并) and acquisitions. Or 6
it’s McKinsey or Google, who cares?
I late learned that according to schoolyard myths, if you do well in microeconomics and macroeconomics,
then get accepted into one of the selective finance clubs, you have a chance of internally 7 (transfer) to
Penn’s Wharton School, the most admired undergraduate business school in the country.
Responding to the pressure, I took microeconomics. When I did well on my first midterm, I realized that I
8 perhaps earn some respect from my peers by winning one of the few transfer spots into Wharton. Then I
remembered I had no interest in business.
I wanted to go to law school, so I applied to Penn’s Undergraduate Law Journal. During my interview,
however, I failed to prepare questions for my interviewer, wrongly believing questions would be a trouble. When I
got a rejection email, I was crushed. It felt like law school 9 (be) now an impossibility.
But 10 is missing in this race to perceived economic safety is the emotional cost. Almost two-
thirds of college students have reported feeling “overwhelming anxiety” within a given year, and experts have
pointed to the cocktail of coursework and concerns over choosing a career as causes.
【答案】
1．because 2．among 3．that/which 4．our 5．where 6．unless 7．being transferred
8．could 9．was 10．what
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过自身经历批判了大学中盛行的职业主义倾向，指出这种追求经济
安全的竞争忽视了情感代价，导致学生陷入焦虑。
1．考查原因状语从句。句意：我从未想过自己会躲在图书馆的洗手间里哭泣，因为我刚刚被一个本科法
律期刊拒绝了。此处引导状语从句，结合句意，空格前后为因果关系，“被拒绝”是“哭泣”的原因。
故填because。
2．考查介词。句意：最近曝光的大学校园紧张局势，尤其是常春藤盟校的紧张局势，是如今学生面临的
众多因素之一。空后为名词短语，且无提示词，此处为介词与空后的名词短语构成介宾短语，结合句意，
此处表示“在众多因素中”，强调属于其中之一，所以使用介词among。故填among。
3．考查定语从句。句意：这被称为职业前压力：一种普遍的文化，它让我们许多人相信，只有计算机编
程、金融和咨询等领域的职业——最好是在麦肯锡或谷歌这样的公司——才能确保我们有价值的未来。
此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词culture 指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that 或which
引导。故填that 或which。
4．考查形容词性物主代词。句意同上。修饰名词futures 需用形容词性物主代词，结合主语many of us 可
知，此处指“我们的”未来，所以此处使用our。故填our。
5．考查定语从句。句意：2019 年8 月我刚到宾夕法尼亚大学时，感觉每天都像突击测验，一场用我仍难
以掌握的语言给我打分的测验。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为quiz，关系词在定语从句中作地
点状语（相当于in the quiz），用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
6．考查条件状语从句。句意：或者，除非是麦肯锡或谷歌，否则谁在乎呢？根据语境，此处表示“除非
进入这些公司，否则不在意其他机会”，用unless 引导条件状语从句。故填unless。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：后来我了解到，根据校园传言，如果你在微观经济学和宏观经济学中表现出
色，然后被某个选拔性金融俱乐部录取，就有可能通过内部转学进入宾夕法尼亚大学的沃顿商学院 ——
这所全美最受推崇的本科商学院。介词of 后接动名词，且I 与transfer 为被动关系，用动名词的被动形式
being transferred。故填being transferred。
8．考查情态动词。句意：当我在第一次期中考试中表现出色时，我意识到，也许我可以通过赢得为数不
多的转入沃顿商学院的名额之一来赢得一些同龄人的尊重。根据主句时态（realized）和语境，此处表示
过去的“能够”，用can 的过去式could。故填could。
9．考查动词时态。句意：感觉法学院现在已经不可能了。根据主句时态（felt）和语境可知，此处用一般
过去时描述过去的感受，所以谓语动词为was。故填was。
10．考查主语从句。句意：但在这场追求所谓经济安全的竞赛中，缺失的是情感代价。空格处引导主语
从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“缺失的东西”，用连接代词what。故填what。
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Cliffside Café in China Serves Heart-stopping Coffee
Ye Kunkun spent 398 yuan on a special iced Americano at a rural café in southeastern China. That’s no
ordinary price. But this is no ordinary coffee shop. 1 distinguishes it is a wooden bench settled an
astonishing 70 meters above the sea with breathtaking coastal views.
The 30-year-old Ye climbed down from the 2 (tower) 130-meter cliff — about 43 stories high —
along a via ferrata route (See fig. 1) with metal steps secured to the rock face, while a coach guided her along the
way. “I was scared at first when I saw the cliff right ahead of me,” Ye recalled days later. “But my fear faded
away 3 the coach went first and led me.”
It took her 30 minutes to reach the spot, 4 a sign on the cliffside reads “Gushi Cliff Coffee.” The
café 5 (name) after the town it’s located near — Gushi village in Fuzhou, the capital of southeastern
Fujian province.
The village — a previously 6 (famous) place featuring bunches of ancient stone houses that
guard against coastal winds— 7 (see) bubble tea shops, homestays and camping sites emerge in recent
years as the local government pushes for rural tourism.
Once at the spot, Ye’s climbing guide served up the pre-made coffee and captured photos of Ye seated on
the edge of a carpet-covered bench, coffee in hand, legs 8 (hang) over the sharp drop.
Gushi Cliff Coffee has sparked a heated discussion on Chinese social media, as adventurous visitors share
their thrilling experiences online. “Not my cup of tea, but respect those who dare — No way I’d ever go up
there!” wrote one Chinese online commenter.
9 mixed opinions online, thrill-seekers keep flooding into this café. Having a drink and striking a
pose are just the basics of the fun on the cliffside bench. 10 (back) by the local government with a grant
of 1.5 million yuan, the village café is expected to support China’s rural revival efforts. In one of Xue’s
Xiaohongshu videos, a village r was setting up a stall outside the café shop during Golden Week.
【答案】
1．What 2．towering 3．as soon as 4．where 5．is named 6．less famous 7．has
seen 8．hanging 9．Despite 10．Backed
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国福建福州古石村的“崖壁咖啡”馆。
1．考查主语从句。句意：它的与众不同之处在于一个木凳，它坐落在海拔70 米的地方，可以看到令人
惊叹的海岸景色。设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“使它与众不同的（东西）”，所以用
what 引导，句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
2．考查形容词。句意：30 岁的叶女士沿着一条配有固定在岩壁上金属台阶的铁道式攀登路线（见图
1），从高耸的 130 米悬崖（约 43 层楼高）上攀爬而下，期间有一名教练在旁引导。这里需要一个形
容词修饰名词“130-meter cliff”，“tower”的形容词形式“towering”表示 “高耸的”符合题意。故填
towering。
3．考查连词。句意：但教练一走在前面带领我时，我的恐惧就消失了。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示
“一……就……”，故填as soon as。
4．考查定语从句。 句意：她花了30 分钟才到达那里，悬崖边上的牌子上写着“古石崖壁咖啡”。设空
处引导定语从句，先行词是“the spot”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
5．考查时态语态和主谓一致。 句意：这家咖啡馆的名字来源于它所在的小镇——福建省省会福州的古
石村。 设空处为谓语，“The café”和“name”之间是被动关系，即“咖啡馆被以…… 命名”，且描述的
是客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填is named。
6．考查形容词比较级。句意：由于当地政府推动乡村旅游的发展，近年来，珍珠奶茶店、民宿和露营地
纷纷出现，这个村子以前不太出名，有一群群古老的石头房子可以抵御海风。根据语境，这个村庄以前
是不出名的，“previously”（以前）提示这里要用“famous”的比较级，表示“不那么出名”用less
famous，故填less famous。
7．考查时态和主谓一致。 句意同上。“in recent years”（在最近几年）是现在完成时的标志词，“The
village”是单数主语，助动词用has，故填has seen。
8．考查现在分词。 句意：一到现场，叶的攀岩向导就为他端上了现成的咖啡，并拍下了叶坐在铺着地
毯的长凳边缘的照片，手里拿着咖啡，双腿悬在陡峭的悬崖边上。这里是独立主格结构，“legs”和
“hang”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词hanging。故填hanging。
9．考查介词。 句意：尽管网上意见不一，寻求刺激的人还是不断涌入这家咖啡馆。“mixed opinions
online”（网上有各种各样的观点）和“thrill-seekers keep flooding into this café”（寻求刺激的人不断涌入这
家咖啡馆）之间是让步关系，这里需要一个介词，despite 表示“尽管”，句首单词首字母大写，故填
Despite。
10．考查过去分词。 句意：在当地政府150 万元的资助下，乡村咖啡馆有望支持中国乡村复兴的努力。
“the village café”和“back”（支持）之间是被动关系，即“村庄咖啡馆被支持”，这里用过去分词作状语，
句首单词首字母大写，故填Backed。
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The victory of the book
The printed book is back. Recent studies have shown that students remember more information when they
read a hard-copy book compared to 1 (read) on a digital device.
One school near where I live responded to these findings by getting rid of its e-readers. The students found,
according to a teacher, the e-readers were costly and 2 “the ease of navigation” was superior when
using a traditional book. E-books have its “navigational tools,” but it turns out that the best navigational devices
3 (be) your forefinger and thumb. You can use 4 to turn the pages forward and backward. 5
(think), all this time, those devices have just been sitting there at the end of your arm.
Fans of digital books 6 point out that e-readers have a handy “search” tool. Old-fashioned books
also have a search function, in which you turn back to the opening chapter to remind yourself of the hero’s
surname. They even have a “bookmark system,” 7 uses a device called a “bookmark.”
Can a traditional book offer all the features of an e-book? Alas, no. It lacks a “progress bar” indicating what
percentage of the book 8 (read). Luckily, a “hack” is available: Turn your book so that it can be viewed
9 the side or top. It will naturally form two halves joined in the middle (“the spine”). 10 the left-
hand half is thicker than the right-hand one, you are more than halfway through.
【答案】
1．reading 2．that 3．are 4．them 5．To think 6．may/might 7．which 8．has
been read 9．from 10．If
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了纸质书重新受到青睐的现象，通过对比纸质书和电子书的
阅读效果、功能等方面，说明了纸质书在记忆信息、导航等方面的优势，同时也以幽默的方式提及了电
子书的一些功能在纸质书中也有对应的实现方式。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近的研究表明，与在数字设备上阅读相比，学生阅读纸质书时能记住更多
的信息。 compared to 为介词短语，后面需接动名词形式作宾语。故填reading。
2．考查宾语从句。句意：一位老师说，学生们发现，电子阅读器价格昂贵，而且使用传统书籍时“导航
的便利性”更胜一筹。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，需用连接词that 引导。故填that。
3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：电子书有它的“导航工具”，但事实证明，最好的导航设备是你的
食指和拇指。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为devices，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are。
4．考查代词。句意：你可以用它们来前后翻页。此处指代上文的forefinger and thumb，需用代词them 作
宾语。故填them。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：想想看，一直以来，这些设备就放在你手臂的末端。此处为非谓语动词作状
语，此处用不定式作状语，表示惊讶或思考的情绪，需用不定式to think，且置于句首，首字母需大写。
故填To think。
6．考查情态动词。句意：电子书的粉丝可能会指出，电子阅读器有一个方便的“搜索”工具。此处表示
可能性，需用情态动词may/might。故填may/might。
7．考查定语从句。句意：它们甚至有一个“书签系统”，使用一种叫做“书签”的设备。空处引导非限
制性定语从句，先行词a “bookmark system”，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which 引导。故
填which。
8．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它缺少一个显示已读了多少书百分比的“进度条”。此处表示
从过去到现在已经完成的动作，对现在造成的影响，使用现在完成时，主语what percentage of the book 和
read 为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语表示单数概念，助动词用has。故填has been read。
9．考查介词。句意：幸运的是，有一个“窍门”：把你的书翻过来，从侧面或顶部看。view sth. from...
为固定短语，意为“从……看某物”。故填from。
10．考查条件状语从句。句意：如果左半部分比右半部分厚，那么你已经读了一半以上。空处引导条件
状语从句，需用if 引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填If。
