专题07 语法填空
考点分类
十年考情（2017-
2026）
命题规律
有
提
示
词
动词类
谓语（时态、语态、主谓
一致）
每套 1-2 空，年年
考
依托全文时态；常考被动、过去进行
非
谓
语
（
to
do/doing/done）
每套 2-3 空，分值
最高
有谓语则用非谓语；主动 - ing，被动
- done
词性转换
名词变形（复数 / 派生
词）
每套 1 空
many、the 后多用名词复数
形副转换、比较级
每套 1-2 空
修饰动词用副词；than 用比较级
动词变名词 / 职业词
2024-2026 高频
冠词后填抽象 / 职业名词
代词
物主、反身、名词性物主
代词
每年 1 空
主语宾语同体用反身代词
无
提
示
词
冠词
a/an/the
每套 1 空
特指、序数词、朝代用 the
介词
固定搭配介词
每套 1 空
多考动词、形容词固定短语
并列连词
and/or/but
每年 1 空
前后词性、句式对等
从句引导
词
定
语
从
句
(that/which/who/where)
每套 1 空
缺主宾用代词，缺地点用 where
名
词
性
从
句
(what/that/how)
隔年考
从句缺主宾用 what
固定句型
倍数、it 固定结构
零散出现
识别固定句式直接填空
Passage 1
（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates
with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 56_____________ (hold) during traditional Chinese
holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates
and 57_____________ (frequent) of daji vary from region to region.
Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to 58_____________ Han
Dynasty. As transportation and communication 59_____________ (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very
difficult for households to obtain daily 60_____________ (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific
locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 61_____________ what they needed.
In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People
from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 62 _____________(draw) by the aroma (香味) of street
food, they line up in front of stands 63_____________ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While
eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before
64_____________ (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at
prices significantly 65_____________ (cheap) than those found in supermarkets.
【答案】
56. to be held 57. frequency 58. the 59. were 60. necessities
61.for 62.Drawn 63.that/which 64.heading 65.cheaper
【详解】
56.to be held 考查非谓语动词。It is +adj+for sb/ sth to do sth.为定句型，其中It 为形式主语，真正的主语为
不定式。空白处的逻辑主语them 指代daji，与hold 之间为被动关系(大集被举办)，需用不定式的被动形
式，故填to be held。
57. frequency 考查词性转换。空白处与dates 由and 连接，作句子的主语，需用名词形式frequency。
58. the 考查冠词。Han Dynasty 是特定的历史朝代名称，是特指，故填the。
59. were 考查谓语动词。空白处在从句中作谓语，主语为transportation and communication，指两种事物，
为复数;at that time 表明本句描述的是过去的情况，需用一般过去时，故填were。
60. necessities 考查名词复数。由空白处前的形容词daily 可知，此处表示“日常必需品”,necessity 通常用
复数形式表示各类生活必需品，故填necessities。
61.for 考查介词。trade...for 为固定搭配，意为“用......交换......”。此处表示人们用多余物品换取所需的商
品，故填for。
62.Drawn 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为line up，空白处应为非谓语，draw 与逻辑主语
they 之间为被动关系(他们被香味吸引)，需用-ed 形式表被动，空白处位于句首，故填Drawn。
63.that/which 考查定语从句/关系代词。分析句子结构可知，空白处引导定语从句修饰先行词stands，先行
词为物，且关系代词在从句中作主语，故填that 或 which。
64.heading 考查非谓语动词。Before 为介词，后接-ing 形式作宾语，故填heading。heading home 意为“回
家"。
65.cheaper 考查比较级。空白处后面接than，故此处需用比较级形式，故填cheaper。
Passage 2
（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My first time doing tai chi
For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain
56
(entire) in one spot to warm up.
Angela, a tai chi 57
(instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is
an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 58
body go together. That’s all that matters.”
Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney
community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 59
(foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up
your body,” she says.
In tai chi,
the dan tian
is your qi
core and qi
in Chinese means life force.
Now,
I
60
(suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian.
We move on to tai chi positions, of
61
there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we
will only be doing the first nine. The movements have
62
(describe) names like “holding the bowl” and
“grabbing the bird’s tail.”
During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements.
Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes
63
a woman to my right and try to
copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus.
At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 64
(be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan
tian 65
(meet) another life force: coffee.
【答案】
56.entirely 57.instructor 58.and 59.feet 60.am supposed 61.which 62.descriptive 63.on 64.being
65.to meet
【详解】
56.entirely 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空白处修饰remain in one spot，表示“完全呆在原地”，应
用副词形式，故填entirely。
57.instructor 考查词性转换。根据空白处前的不定冠词a 及空白处后的定语 with twenty-eight years of
experience 可知,此处是指 Angela 的职业身份一一太极教练，故填instruct 的名词形式instructor(教练)。
58.and 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空白处连接Your mind 和 body 两个并列成分，共同作句子的主语，
故填并列连词and。
59.feet 考查名词。根据空白处前的your 及空白处后的 parallel 可知，太极站立时需将“双脚”平行放
置，故填foot 的复数形式feet。
60.am supposed 考查谓语动词。be supposed to do sth 是定搭配，意为“应该做某事”。根据空白处前的
Now 可知，应用一般现在时，主语是I，故填 am supposed.
61.which 考查定语从句。空白处所在的从句是一个非限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作介词 of 的宾
语，指代先行词positions，故填which。
62.descriptive 考查词性转换。空白处应用形容词作定语修饰names，故填descriptive，意为“描述性的”
53.on 考查介词。Keep one' seyes on sb 是固定搭配，意为“密切注视某人”故填on。
64.being 考查非谓语动词。空白处位于介词despite 之后，应用动名词，故填being。代词it 为其逻辑主语，
此处构成动名词的复合结构作介词despite 的宾语。
65.to meet 考查非谓语动词。it is time for sb/sth to do sth 是定搭配，意为“是某人/某物该做某事的时候
了”，故填to meet。
Passage 3
（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese,
____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of ____57____ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white
pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We
hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with
minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force
them to follow your ‘____59____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the
exhibition.
“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the
opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent ____62____ no more than
one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____63____ (strategy)
placement of the pieces, ____64____ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,
sculptures, ____65____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【答案】
56. which 57.the 58.to present 59.guidance 60.are revealed 61.tries
62.by 63.strategic/strategical 64.and 65.digitally
【详解】
56.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空白处前是完整的句子，再根据空白处前的逗号以及空白处
所在句缺主语可知，此处需要引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语的关系代词。先行词Go 是物，故
填which。
57.the 考查冠词。空白处后的最高级 earliest 修饰名词binary-based games,当最高级后有修饰的名词时，最
高级前需用定冠词the。
58.to present 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth 是固定搭配，故空白处填to present.
59.guidance 考查词性转换。根据空白处前follow your 可知，形容词性物主代词your 后需接名词作follow
的宾语，且分析句意可知，空白处所需名词应表示“引导”之意，故填guidance。
60.are revealed 考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处前是主语，空白处作谓语。本段和上一段都是围
棋选手Wang Wei 讲述围棋能体现选手性格，用的皆为一般现在时。主语The players’ personalities 是复数
形式，与reveal 之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are revealed.
61.tries 考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处作谓语。根据空白处前的always 以及本段和上一段中的
时态均为一般现在时可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语A decent winner 为单数，与try 之间是主动关系，
故填tries。
62.by 考查介词。beat 意为“打败”，与by 搭配意为“以......程度战胜某人”。本句句意为:一位有风度的
围棋胜者总是会尽量以不超过一两分的优势战胜对手，以此表示对对手的尊重。
63.strategic/strategical 考查词性转换。根据空白处前的the 以及空白处后的名词placement 可知，此处应用
形容词修饰名词，strategy 的形容词形式为strategic 或 strategical，后者的使用频率较低。
64.and 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，三个名词短语the balance between the black and white pieces the
beauty in the .. placement of the pieces 和the energy flow following each move 为并列关系，故填 and。
65.digitally 考查词性转换。空白处修饰后面的generated，来说明图形生成的方式，应用副词形式，故填
digitally。
Passage 4
（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang,
China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____
5 6____
bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the
mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____
5 7____
(center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me ____
5 8____
this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never
imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____
5 9____
learn in a
new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____
6 0____
(I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve
experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes
___
6 1____
(be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance
____
6 2____
(discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes
for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____
6 3____
(absent)
of smog and plenty of blue sky ____
6 4____
(afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____
6 5____
(leave) to sun for a day,
well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
【答案】
56.where 57.central 58.for 59.and 60.myself 61.is 62.to discover 63.absence 64.afternoons 65.left
【详解】
56.where 此处考查定语从句。空白处所在句是一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句，the countryside of
Zhejiang,China 作为先行词表示地点，空白处在定语从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
57.central 此处考查词性转换。空白处应用形容词作定语修饰heating，故填 central,central heating 意为
“集中供暖(系统)”。
58.for 此处考查介词。prepare sb for sth 是固定搭配，意为“使某人为某事做好准备”。
59.and 此处考查连词。howyou can 后是两个并列谓语动词adapt 和learn,故填 and.
60.myself 此处考查代词。句意为:随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里感到无比自在。空白处与主语指同
一人，表示“我自己”，故填反身代词myself。
61.is 此处考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词。本句描述的是现在的情况，故用一般
现在时。主语The“sunshine scent”是单数，且根据空白处后的 one of them 可知填is。
62.to discover 此处考查非谓语动词。chance 后接不定式作后置定语，the chance to do sth 意为“去做某事
的机会”。
63.absence 此处考查词性转换。根据定冠词the 和 of smog 可知，此处应填absent 的名词形式。
64.afternoons 此处考查名词。本句中afternoon 是可数名词，根据空白处前的 plenty of 可知，此处应填
afternoon 的复数形式，表示“许多个天空湛蓝、空气清新的午后”。
65.left 此处考查非谓语动词。sheet or shirt 和 leave 是被动关系，故此处应用leave 的过去分词形式left 作
后置定语。left to sun 意为“被放在阳光下晒”。
Passage 5
（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens. This
beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences
English gardens even in modern times.The latest 56
(engineer) techniques are applied to create this
protective 57
(function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “'sepals (萼片)”
made of glass and aluminium(铝).These sepals open on warm days 58
(give) the inside plants sunshine
and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59
(close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60
(walk) visitors through a journey
influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6l
first
time. These plants included modern Western 62
(favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The
garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path
offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands 63
a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the
southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64
brought
the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65
(rich) of gardening in
England.
【答案】
56.engineering 57.functional 58.to give 59.closed 60.walks
61.the 62. favourites /favorites 63.as 64.that/which 65.richness
【详解】
56.engineering 此处考查词形转换。句意为:最新的工程技术被用来创建这种既具有保护功能又美观的建
筑。分析句子结构可知，空白处作定语修饰后面的名词，engineering 在此处是名词作定语，engineering
techniques
“
”
意为工程技术
57.functional 此处考查词性转换。空白处应用形容词作定语修饰structure，故填functional
“
，意为功能(性)
的"。
58.to give
“
此处考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式短语作目的状语，表示为了给......提供......"
59.closed 此处考查词性转换。stays“
”
保持是系动词，后接过去分词形容词作表语，表示被动，故填
closed
“
”
，意为关闭的
60.walks 此处考查谓语动词。纵观全句，没有谓语动词，故此处应填谓语动词。句子的主语是the Silk
Route Garden，与walk
“
”
是主动关系，指的是花园通过其设计和布局，使游客能够体验或走过一段受古代
丝绸之路影响的旅程，walk 在此为及物动词。整个段落用的是一般现在时来描述the Glasshouse
和the
Silk Route Garden 的特点和功能，因此，此处也应用一般现在时第三人称单数形式，故填walks。
61.the
“
”
此处考查定冠词。序数词表示第几时，其前常加定冠词。for the first time
“
是固定搭配，意为第一
”
次。
62. favourites/favorites
此处考查名词。本句中included 后接名词作宾语，空白处前面又有形容词Western
修饰，favourite
“
”
在此处为名词，表示特别喜爱的事物。再根据空白处后面的such as rosemary,lavender
and fennel 可知，特别喜爱的事物不止一种，故填favourite 的复数形式。
63.as 此处考查介词。根据句意可知，玻璃温室是当代设计的一项伟大成就，the Glasshouse
“
”
是作为一项
成就而存在，故填介词as。
64.that/which 此处考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少引导定语从句并在从句中作主语的关系代
词。先行词为the Silk Route，故填that/which.
65.richness 此处考查词性转换。根据空白处前面的定冠词the 可知，此处应填rich 的名词形式，表示丰富
性。
Passage 6
（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___
5 6___
is known as “the Shakespeare of
Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there
are common ___
5 7___
(theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare
Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___
5 8___
(be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I
happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___
5 9___
Romeo
and Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 4017. Two
years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___
6 0___
(inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___
6 1___
(build)at the Firs
Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___
6 4 ___
(visible), said Edmondson, adding
that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___
6 3___
(find)the connection between the
two great writers.
___
6 4___
(recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and
meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson
said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____
6 5____
see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
【答案】
56.who 57.themes 58.were 59.to 60.inspired 61.was built 62.visibility 63.to find 64.Recalling 65.and
【详解】
56.who 此处考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空白处所在的从句是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺
少主语，指代先行词Tang Xianzu，故填关系代词who。
57.themes 此处考查名词。根据空白处前的there are 可知，此处应用可数名词的复数形式，theme 在此意为
“
”
主题。
58.were
此处考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，该句的主语为
Some of the
things,that Tang was writing about 为定语从句，修饰先行词things;再根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事
实，故应填were。
59.to 此处考查介词。be similar to
“
为固定搭配，意为与......
”
相似;in someways 在that 引导的宾语从句中作
状语，把similar 和to 分割开来。
60.inspired 此处考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为pavilion, 60 (inspire) by The Peory
Pavilion 作后置定语来修饰主语;又因主语pavilion 与动词inspire 之间为被动关系，故用动词-ed 形式，
inspired by
“
意为受......
”
启发。
61.was built 此处考查谓语动词。根据Two years later 可知，该句描述的是过去的事实，且句子主语
pavilion 与动词build 之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
62.visibility 此处考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空白处缺少宾语，故此处应用名词visibility，意为
“
”
知名度。
63.to find 此处考查非谓语动词。be amazed to do sth
“
”
为固定搭配，意为对做某事感到惊讶。
64.Recalling 此处考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为Edmondson，谓语动词为said，故空白
处应填非谓语动词;又因主语Edmondson 与动词recall 之间为主动关系，故用动词-ing 形式作状语。
65.and 此处考查连词。空白处前的to hear ...和空白处后的see ...
为并列的不定式短语(see 前省略了to)，
故填并列连词and。
Passage 7
（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,
____56____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings
arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____57____ (bite) a small hole in it
first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____58____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting
the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____59____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings
but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s
birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are
pressed ____60____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing
them ____61____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ____62____ (they) contents.
The meat should be fresh with ____63____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____64____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always
left ______65______ (want) more next time.
【答案】
56.tasty 57.to bite 58.or 59.recognized 60.by 61.to be lifted 62.their 63.a 64.rarely 65.wanting
【详解】
56.tasty 此处考查词性转换。根据空白处前的hot 和空白处后面的soup 可知，此处应用形容词作定语修饰
soup，故应填tasty，意为“美味的”。
57.to bite 此处考查非谓语动词。whether todo sth 是固定搭配，意为“是否做某事”，作动词decide 的宾
语。
58.or 此处考查并列连词。whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“是.....还是......"，to put ...与前面的to bite...并
列。59.recognized 此处考查非谓语动词。recognize 和home 在逻辑上是被动关系，故此处应用recognize
的过去分词形式recognized 作定语，意为“公认的”。
60.by 此处考查介词。By hand 是固定搭配，意为“用手”。
61.to be lifted 此处考查非谓语动词。allow sb/sth to do sth 是搭配,故空白处要用不定式作宾语补足语;宾语
them 指代xiao long bao，和lift 在逻辑上是被动关系，故此处应填to be lifted。
62.their 此处考查代词。根据空白处后面的contents(所含之物，指小笼包的馅)可知，此处应用形容词性物
主代词their 作定语，修饰contents。
63.a 此处考查不定冠词。a touch of 是固定搭配，意为“少许”。
64.rarely 此处考查词性转换。修饰形容词enough，应用副词形式，故应填rarely。
65.wanting 此处考查非谓语动词。该并列分句是leave sb doing sth 结构的被动式，leave 在此为使役动词，
意为“使处于(某种状态)”;逻辑主语I 和动词want 是主动关系，故应用动词-ing 形式作主语补足语。
Passage 8
（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind
it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals?
Since June 2017, right before the ___56___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I
have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57___ (confidence) speaking
English. And who do they speak English ___58___?
Not the pandas, even though ___59___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually
English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___60___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often
come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___61___
(interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___62___ they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning? ___63___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the
panda programme develop ___64___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ____65____
(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers
do their job in English.
【答案】
57. arrival 57.confident 58.with 59.the 60.visiting 61.interviews 62.why 63.Basically
64. and 65.wished
【详解】
56.arrival 此处考查词性转换。根据空白处前的定冠词the 和空白处后的of 可知，空白处应填入一个名词，
因此该空应填arrive 的名词形式。
57.confident 此处考查词性转换。由空白处前由and 连接的并列形容词comfortable 可知，该空应填
confidence 的形容词形式。
58.with 此处考查介词。speak English with sb 为固定搭配，意为“和某人讲英语”。
59.the 此处考查冠词。根据空白处后内容可知，此处特指用于医学训练的语言，因此应填定冠词the 表特
指。
60.visiting 此处考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，空白处修饰名词Chinese zookeepers，且与其为逻辑
上的主动关系，故应用动词-ing 形式作定语，visiting 表示“访问的”。
61.interviews 此处考查名词。give an interview 意为"接受采访",interview 为可数名词，其前没有不定冠
词，因此该空应填其复数形式。
62.why 此处考查名词性从句。根据上文可知，中国的熊猫饲养员要用英语与人交流，根据两句之间的逻辑
关系，这是他们需要英语培训师的原因，因此该空应填入连接副词why。
63.Basically 此处考查词性转换。根据句子结构可知，该空应为句子副词作状语，修饰整个句子，故应填
Basically，意为“总体上说”。
64. and 此处考查词。 此处 to watch the panda programme develop 和 to see the pandas settle into their new
home 为列成分,故应用并列连词and 连接。
65.wished 此处考查谓语动词。根据空白处前As a little girl 及下文的when I grew up 可知，本句时态为一般
过去时，因此该空应填wish 的过去式。
Passage 9
（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park （GPNP）. 56
（cover）an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first
national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58 （be）
previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59
（increase）effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 60 （design） to
reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity （完整性）of natural ecosystems,
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 61 leaving behind precious natural assets
（资产）for future generations". The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62
（population）and homes of giant pandas, and 63 （eventual）achieve a desired level of population in the
wild.
Giant pandas also serve 64 an umbrella species（物种）, bringing protection to a host of plants and
animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection
for all the species 65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem
in the area.
【答案】
56. Covering 57.the 58.were 59.to increase 60.is designed 61. and 62.populations 63.eventually 64.as
65.that
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了 “文学入门” 课程的评分规则，主要从该课程成绩所包含的三项考
核内容展开介绍。
【详解】
56. Covering 此处考查非谓语动词。... Yellowstone National Park 在句中作状语，主语the GPNP 与动词
cover 为主动关系，因此此处应填动词-ing 形式 covering。
57.the 此处考查冠词。times 在此表示“倍数”，常用于“A+be+ 倍数 +the size/height/length...+of+B”结
构，表示“A 是B 的......倍”，故此处应用定冠词the。
58.were 此处考查谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少定语从句中的谓语动词，先行词是areas，又
因空后为previously(以前，先前)，故此处应用一般过去时的复数形式were，表示过去某个时间存在的状
态。
59.to increase 此处考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式短语作目的状语，表示“为了提高”。句意为:该计划将
把保护范围扩大到很多以前未受保护的区域，这样许多现有的大熊猫保护区就被纳入了统一管理，从而能
提高效率，减少管理混乱。
60.is designed 此处考查谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，因主语the GPNP 与动词
design 之间为动宾关系，且句子陈述的是现在的状态，因此此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。
61. and 此处考查列连词.此 protecting the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological
diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones I leaving behind precious natural assets for future generations 是四个
并列成分，都作the guiding principle of 中介词of 的宾语，故用连词and.
62.populations 此处考查名词复数。本句中population 表示“某领域的生物，族群”，是可数名词，再根据
空后的并列成分homes 可知，此处应填population 的复数形式。
63.eventually 此处考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语修饰谓语动词achieve，故应填eventually，意为“最
后，终于”
64.as 此处考查介词。serve as 为固定搭配，意为“充当/担任......”，故填介词as。umbrella species 意为“伞
护种”，伞护种指其生存环境可以满足很多其他物种要求的物种，如果伞护种的生存环境得到保护，其他
物种也能享受到相应的保护。
65.that 此处考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少定语从句关系代词，它在句中作主语，先行词由
all 修饰时，关系词一般用that。
Passage 10
（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-
floor apartment balcony（阳台）, Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his
arms to catch the 56 （fall）child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors
say he'll be OK.
57 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown
was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 58 （sleep）while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and
climbed up 59 （see）them. When he looked down, he 60 （accidental ）slipped and fell over the
edge. He hung on for a few minutes 61 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry 62 （fix）his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the
balcony. He quickly 63 （throw）his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
"He saved my 64 （son）life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know 65 to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
【答案】
56.falling 57.The 58. asleep 59.to see 60.accidentally 61.and 62. was fixing 63. threw 64. son’s
65. how
【导语】本文是一篇新闻纪实小故事，讲述了普通人 Henry Tyler 见义勇为、救下从六楼阳台坠落的三岁
男孩 Eric Brown 的暖心事迹。文章完整还原事故发生经过、救人全过程以及孩子家人的感激之情，歌颂
普通人危急时刻挺身而出、不顾危险救人的善良与勇敢，传递正能量。
【详解】
56.falling 考查非调语动词。句中的held out 为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意可知child
和fall 之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。应该使用现在分词作定语。
57.The 考查冠词。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名同短语作主语。the 一姓氏,意为
“某某一家人”，the 符合句意。同时该单词位于句首，首字母应该大写。
58. asleep 考查形容词。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep 为动词、意为“觉”,其形
容词为 asleep、fall asleep 为固定搭配,意为“睡者”.asleep 符合句意。
59.to see 考查非谓语动词。句中的climbed up 为谓语动词试,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。据句意，他要
爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们),故应该使用to do 动词不定式作目的状语。
60.accidentally 考查副词。根据句子结构,设空处位于主语后谓语动词前且提示词是adj，应该填写副词修饰
动词slipped。accidental 为形容,意为“意外的，失误的”,其副词为 accidentally,意为“意外地,失误施”,符
合句意。
61.and 考查并列连词。根句意,此处表示并列关系。设空处应该填写连词，连接hung 和screamed 两个动
作。
62. was fixing 考查谓语时态。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词，根据句型be doing....when....可知,
设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描还的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。
63. threw 考查谓语时态。 提示词是动词，谓语主语he 之后，根据逗号后and started running 可知，设空
处应填谓语时态，and 连接两个并列的谓语时态，故应填过去时threw。
64. son’s 考查名词所有格。此处表示 “他拯救了我儿子的生命”，应用名词所有格作life 的定语。
65. how 考查疑问词+to do 结构作宾语。
Passage 11
（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. 56
is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you
are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57 （human）are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 58
（undoubted）help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,
the 59 （hot ）the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us 60
（astonish）.
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it 61 （be）for the
people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,
still it highlights the whole adventure 62 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63
（ache）legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s
memory. It sure does in 64 （I）. While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 65 must to visit!
【答案】
56. What 57. humans 58. undoubtedly 59. hotter 60. astonished 61. was 62. and 63. aching
64. mine 65. a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。去游览黄山让作者想起了披头士流行的歌曲“蜿蜒长路”。如果到中国，黄
山应该是必游之地。
【详解】
56. What 考查名词性从句。该句的“
56
is so breathtaking about the experience”是主语从句，从句中缺
少主语，所以用What。
57. humans 考查名词。与主语we 是同位语，所以用复数。
58. undoubtedly 考查副词。修饰动词help，用副词形式。
59. hotter 考查形容词。此处相当于“the more..., the more...”结构，意为“越……越……”。前面用的是the
colder，所以此处用the hotter。
60. astonished 考查形容词。此处说明“us”的状态，所以用astonished。
61. was 考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。
62. and 考查连词。空格后的动词offers 与前面的动词highlights 构成并列关系，所以用and。
63. aching 考查非谓语动词。修饰legs 用现在分词aching，表示主动和进行的动作。
64. mine 考查代词。上文提到“in the visitor’s memory”，此处相当于“in my memory”，所以用mine 代替
my memory。
65. a 考查冠词。a must 意为“一处必须去的地方”。
Passage 12
（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I've always loved the ocean. In the____
5 6____
(seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay
Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____
5 7____
(think)it is
food.
I decided to do something ____
5 8____
(educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to
teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a
company____
5 9____
used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）.
I found the contact information of the company____
6 0____
emailed its president. I told him how ____
6 1____
(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was
so____
6 2____
(excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of
plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I
wrote to ____
6 3____
(be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____
6 4____
(represent) wrote back and told me the
airline was switching over _____
6 5_____
plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
【答案】
56. seventh 57. thinking 58. to educate 59. which/that 60. and 61. harmful
62. excited 63. was 64. representative 65. from
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了今年夏天约克郡的四个活动的情况。
【详解】
56.考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序
数词，所以填seventh。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结
构，____
57
____
(think)it is food.用作状语，think 与其逻辑主语many sea animals 之间是主动关系，用现在
分词，所以填thinking。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，____3____ (educate)
people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。
59.考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使
用塑料。分析句子结构， ____
59
____
used a lot of plastic 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系
词在从句中作主语，指物，用which 或that 引导该从句，所以填which 或that。
60.考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”
之间是并列关系，用and 连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。
61.考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how 引导的感
叹句，how 之后接形容词，所以填harmful。
62.考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was 之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用
v+ed 形式的形容词，所以填excited。
63.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的
谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词
复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。
64.考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200 个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该
空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。
65.考查介词。句意同64 题。考查“switch over from … to… ”表示“由…转变成…” ,固定短语，所以填
from。
Passage 13
（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4
probe (探测器) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess — 61 (touch) down last week
in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the
moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the
moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular
64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side.
Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South
Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because
it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct).＂ Data
about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide
whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【答案】
61. touched 62.extremely 63.where 64.interest 65.than 66.to find 67.means
68.is constructed 69.much 70.its
【详解】
61.touched 此处考查谓语动词时态。Last week 作时间状语表明事件发生在过去，故应用touch 的过去式
touched; touch down 为固定搭配，意为“着陆，降落”。
62.extremely 此处应用副词extremely 修饰形容词challenging，意为“极其，非常”
63.where 此处缺少引导定语从句的连接词where。spot 作为先行词表示地点，空白处所填的词在定语从句
中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。
64.interest 此处考查(be) of interest,该短语相当于(be) interesting, of particular interest 相当于particularly
interesting, 形容词 particular 应修饰名词interest。
65.than 此处考查连词的使用。根据上下文可知，本句是对the far side of the moon 以及 the familiar near
side 行比较，故应用连词than;more so than 意为“比......更加"，so 为副词，指代前文“is of particular
interest to scientists"。
66.to find 此处考查动词句型use sth to do sth (用某物做某事)。
67.means 此处考查主谓一致。主语it 为第三人称单数，因此谓语动词应用means.
68.is constructed 此处考查动词的被动语态，句意为“这意味着我们有机会得知月球是如何被构建的”，the
moon 与construct 是被动关系，故应用被动语态。
69.much 句意为“月球的构成成分包含多少冰和其他物质”。由于ice 为不可数名词，故应用how much。
70.its 根据句子结构和句意可知此处应用形容词性物主代词its 作名词plans 的定语。
Passage 14
（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth
63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make
great gifs and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.
66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67 health,
abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓
蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).
They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【答案】
61.celebration 62. carries 63.coming 64.than 65.decorated 66.Certainly 67.with 68.to care
69.beautiful 70.the
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了位于英格兰西北部的度假胜地湖区(Lake District)的旅游景点。
【详解】
61.celebration 根据空白处之前的a 和后面的非谓语动词marking，可知此处应填名词celebration。
62. carries 根据空白处前面的This is 和下一句中的They represent 可知本句是一般现在时，又根据
decorating with plants,fruits and flowers 是动名词短语作主语，是一个整体，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数
形式，因此此处填carries。
63.coming 谓语动词represent 的宾语是带逻辑主语的动名词短语，the earth 是动名词coming 的逻辑主语。
64.than more than 是固定搭配，意为“不只是”。
65.decorated 此处是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰them,them 指代 orange trees,decorate sth with sth 是固定
搭配，意为“用......装饰......”，them 与decorate 为被动关系，因此此处应填decorated。
66.Certainly 此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子。
67.with associate sth with sth 是定搭配，意为“把......和......联系在一起”
68.to care 该句为"be easy to do(sth)”结构,主语they 指代 bamboo plants。
69.beautiful 根据空白处后面的long branches，可知此处应填形容词beautiful 来作定语修饰 long branches。
70. the 根据空白处后面的序数词first，可知此处应填定冠词the。
Passage 15
（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient China lived an artist. 61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him
proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present
their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 63 (choose), but when
he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to
travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65 he asked the villagers on the banks
of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river. The
next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 68
(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed
milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and
the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦
卑) by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother Nature.
【答案】
61. whose
62. finest
63. be chosen
64. curiosity
65. When/As
66. pointed 67. to find
68. gently
69. surrounding
70. on
【详解】
61.whose 本句为含有定语从句的主从复合句。先行词artist 是人，与paintings 为所属关系，故填入作定语
的关系代词whose。
62. finest 根据 so that he could choose the best 可推测国王召来所有杰出的画家应该是要他们展示自己最好
的作品，故用fine 的最高级形式finest。
63.be chosen 句意为“这位艺术家确信他将被选中”，主语he 与动词choose 为被动关系，且空白处前为助
动词would，其后应接动词原形，故空白处用be chosen.
64.curiosity 此处介词with 的宾语应该由名词充当，故用名词形式curiosity。
65.When/As 本句为含有时间状语从句的主从复合句。空白处缺少引导时间状语从句的连词，又根据语境应
用when/as。
66.pointed 根据全文动词时态可推测整个故事发生在过去，并由与之并列的谓语动词smiled 可知，此处应
填pointed。
67.to find 此处用不定式表示目的;set out to do sth 为固定搭配，意为“着手、开始做某事”
68.gently 此处应用副词修饰动词moved，故应用gently，意为“缓慢地，轻轻地
69.surrounding 非谓语动词作动词 saw 后的宾语补足语，clouds 和surround 为主动关系，故用surrounding。
70.on 本句句意为“这位艺术家最终被地球上最伟大的艺术家一-大自然所折服”，on earth 意为“在地球
上”。
Passage 16
（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While
they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as
James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been
62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and
are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65
(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are
increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around
human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69
nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and
nine lack enough data.
【答案】
61. that
62. poorly
63. of/for
64. to perform
65. have reported
66. belief
67. noting
68. higher
69. the
70. are
【详解】
61.that 此处缺引导同位语从句的连接词that，说明evidence 的具体内容，“证据表明......”
62.poorly 此处应用副词作状语修饰谓语动词has been studied。
63.of/for method of/for 是固定搭配，意为“......的方法”
64.to perform 该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构，主语methods 与谓语动词perform 为被动关系，但用不
定式的主动式作状语。又如:Very large hotels are expensive to build and operate.
65.have reported 由in recent years 可知此处语境表示的是从过去某时一直持续到现在，故用现在完成
时。
66.belief 根据空白处之前的冠词a 及后面的同位语从句可知，此处应填名词belief。
67.noting 介词后应用note 的动词-ing 形式noting 作宾语。
68.higher 根据空白处之后的than 可知，此处用high 的比较级。
69.the 此处特指19 种被辨认出的北极熊亚种群，因此用定冠词the。
70.are 根据空白处前面的are 及空白处后面的is 和1ack 可知，本句是现在时态，又根据six，因此此处填
are。
Passage 17
（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded "Woman Of The Year" for 61 （be）Britain's oldest full-time employee
— still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,
62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 （final）been acknowledged
after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award, proud Irene 64 （declare） she had no plans 65
（retire） from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, "I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here
and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 （make） over the years. I work not because I have to, 67
because I want to."
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family business — said it remained
unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, "We don't have any idea who put grandma forward.
When we got a call 68 （say） she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an
official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70 (wonder）.”
【答案】
61. being
62. which
63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire
66. have made
67. but
68. saying
69. a
70. wonderful
【详解】
61.being 介词后应用动词的-ing 形式作宾语。
62.which/which 引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词the pet shop,which 在从句中作 opened 的宾语。
63.finally 此处应用副词作状语，修饰谓语动词。
64.declared Irene 的领奖发言是过去发生的事，另根据此空白处后面的过去式 had 和下文Irene said 可
知，此处用 declare 的过去式。名词plan 后接不定式作后置定语。
65. to retire 名词plan 后接不定式作后置定语。
66. have made over the years 常与完成时连用，在此意为“(从过去某时到现在的)多年来”。根据主句谓语
动词love 的时态可知，定语从句的谓语动词make 应用现在完成式。
67.but 与前面的not 一起构成not ...but 句型，该句型意为“不是......而是......"
68. saying saying she was short-listed 为动词-ing 短语，在作 call 的后置定语，相当于定语从句which
says...;名词call 与动词say 为主动关系，故用动词-ing 形式。
69.a joke 是单数可数名词，故其前应用不定冠词a，在此表示泛指。
70.wonderful 本句是主系表结构，故用wonder 的形容词形式作表语。
Passage 18
（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would
take 62 （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained
by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their
experiences and 65 （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to
eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66
（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 （tradition）
stories about Hawaii that were 68 （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we
69 （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars ，
70
（listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】
61. so
62. to get
63. of
64. who
65. recommended
66. competition
67. traditional 68. hugely
69. were invited
70. listening
【详解】
61.so so...that 是固定结构，意为“如此......以至于”，因此应填so。
62.to get 分析句子结构可知，it takes+ 时间+to do sth 中，it 作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。
63.of a pack of...是固定搭配，意为“一群......’
64.who/that 此处用who 或that 引导定语从句修饰先行词masters。
65.recommended 全文是在叙述过去的情况，再根据空白处前面的并列的谓语动词 shared 可知，此处用
recommend 的过去式recommended。
66.competition 根据空白处之前的冠词an 和后面的to watch 可知，此处应填名词competition。
67.traditional 此处应用形容词作 stories 的定语。
68.hugely 修饰后面的形容词popular，应用副词hugely。
69.were invited invite 和主语we 之间是被动关系，故用其被动语态，且全文是在叙述过去的情况，因此应
用一般过去时的被动语态。
70.listening 主语we 与listen 为主动关系，故用动词-ing 作状语。
Passage 19
（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅谈下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61
(long) than
non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62
(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be
overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 dying (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64
(be) more effective at
lengthening life 65
walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study
published in 2014
66
showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease
and early deaths from all 67
(cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain,
you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68
(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and get good
running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69
(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so
perhaps we should all give 70
a try.
【答案】
61.longer
62.to see
63. dying
64.is
65. than
66. that/which 67. causes
68. strengthen
69. energetic
70. it/running
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四种暑期活动，并让学生选择他们希望参加的两种活动。
【详解】
61.longer 根据空白处之后的than 可知，此处用long 的比较级。
62.to see 根据句意“要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑”，to see 作目的状语。
63.dying 介词后应用die 的动名词形式dying。
64.is 本文讲述跑步的好处，用的是现在时态，再根据空白处前面的can't make 和 says 可知，此处讲述
的是客观事实，因此用is。
65.than 这里是将跑步和其他运动方式作对比，再由上文的more effective 可知，此处用than。
66.that/which 此处用that/which 引导语从句修饰先行词 study。
67.causes 根据句意“每天仅仅跑5-10 分钟就能降低所有因素导致的心脏病和早逝的风险”以及all 可
知，cause 用复数形式。
68.strengthen 此处表明做运动的目的，再根据后面的宾语your leg muscles 判断此处应用及物动词
strengthen。
69.energetic 本句为主系表结构，故此处应该用形容词作表语。
70.it/running give it/ sth a try 是固定短语，意为“尝试某事物”。
Passage 20
（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61 （grow）more corn
than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7
percent.
A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,
pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice
64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch
has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe)fertilizer consumption.
The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing
program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7
million tons. That prevented the emission( 排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to
protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food
policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案】
61. has grown
62. the
63. actually
64. to improve
65. than
66. pollution
67. global
68. started
69. that/which
70. feeding
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了参观霍克庄园和花园的游客须知以及那里举行的特色活动。
【详解】
61.has grown 由Since 2011“自2011 年以来”可知此处语境表示的是从过去的某个时间开始，一直持续到
现在，故用现在完成时，且主语the country 是单数名词。
62.the 此处特指过去的25 年。
63. actually 应用副词作状语修饰介词短语 behind the change。
64.to improve 根据语境“改善水质”是“政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻”的目的，动词不定式作目的
状语。
65. than less 是little 的比较级，than 引出比较对象。
66.pollution 此处作 decrease 的宾语，应填名词 pollution。
67.global 此处和 total 一起修饰名词短语fertilizer consumption 意为“世界的化肥总消耗量”。
68.started 根据上下文可知作者在说2005 年发生的事情，应用动词的一般过去式。
69. that /which 根据语境 "... gives s specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers"修饰 “a soil-testing
program”，先行词表示物，关系代词作定语从句的主语，用that 或者which。
70. feeding when/while+ 现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于 when/while。
Passage 21
（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm not sure 6 1 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of
nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with
the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-
pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest
and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes
so he doesn't feel 65 (challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 66 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was
searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and
my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla's
unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this
forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay)and watch.
【答案】
61. which
62. the
63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged
66. scientist
67. for 68. them
69. meant
70. to stay
【详解】
61. which 考查名词从句/ 连接词 根据下文的“me or the female gorilla”可知，此处给出两个选择，句意
为:我不确定哪一个感到更害怕。故填连接代词which.
62.the 考查冠词(定冠词) at the top of one's lungs 是固定短语，意为“用尽量大的声音”，因此填定冠
词the。
63.loudest 考查副词(最高级) 由空格后的“of al1”可知，雄性大猩猩喊叫声最大。因此填最高级形式
loudest。
64.looking 考查非谓语动词(动名词) avoid 后接动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth 意为“避免做某事”
65.challenged 考查非谓语动词(过去分词) 主语he 与challenge (对......挑战)为被动关系，故用过去分词表
被动。
66.scientist 考查构词法 此处介绍“我”的身份是一位科学家。因此应填scientist.
67.for 考查介词 此处意为“我当时正在搜寻西部低地的这三只大猩猩”search for 意为“搜寻”
68.them 考查代词(人称代词) 人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。them 在此作find 的宾语。
69.meant 考查谓语动词(时态) 全文是在叙述过去的情况，因此谓语动词用一般过去时。
70.to stay 考查非谓语动词(动词不定式) allow sb to do sth 是定结构，意为“允许某人做某事”，因此应
填to stay。
Passage 22
（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend,
which was started by the medical community（医学界）
61
a method of fighting heart disease, has
had some unintended side 62
(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical
community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63
(process) the food that we eat,
to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64
(remove) from food,
the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65
result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that
something missing. Even 66
(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67
(be) full of fat and salt; by 68
(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their
diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack( 吃点心) between meals and will
improve the taste of your food. However, be 69
(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is
possible to have too much of both, 70
is not good for the health.
【答案】
61.as 62.effects 63.to process 64.are removed 65.a 66.worse 67.is
68.eating 69.careful 70.which
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍不同国家用不同语言和方式演绎莎士比亚戏剧的活动。
【详解】
61.as 考查介词 根据语境 “这种趋势，由医学界发起的作为战胜心脏病的一种方法……” 可知，此处
应填介词 as。
62.effects 考查名词 (复数) 根据上文出现的 some 和下文的 overweight and heart disease 可知 effect 应
用复数形式。
63.to process 考查非谓语动词 (动词不定式) 根据语境 “需要它们（脂肪和盐）来处理食物” 和关键词
“required” 可知，此处应填 to process。
64.are removed 考查谓语动词 (一般现在时的被动语态) 文章描述的是客观事实，且主语 fat and salt 与
谓语动词 remove 为被动关系，因此此处应填 are removed。
65.a 考查冠词 as a result 为固定搭配，意为 “作为结果”。
66.worse 考查比较级 (形容词的比较级) 上文提到 “人们吃了更多的食物”，下文又提到 “人们吃快餐
的量增加了”，前后构成递进关系，因此用比较级。even worse 意为 “更加糟糕的是”。
67.is 考查谓语动词（一般现在时） 根据上下文可知，“快餐富含脂肪和盐” 是客观事实，且主语
Fast food 是第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
68.eating 考查非谓语动词 (动名词) “by + 动名词” 作方式状语。此处意为 “吃大量的快餐，人们将
摄入超过他们饮食所需的更多的盐和油脂”。
69.careful 考查词性转化 (名词变形容词) 结合上下文，此处意为 “当心不要过度（摄入）”，因此系动
词 be 之后应用形容词 careful。
70.which 考查定语从句连接词 结合上下文，此处意为 “可能二者吃的太多，对我们的健康不利”，且
...is not good for the health 缺少主语，因此应填关系代词 which，指代上文提到的内容。
Passage 23
（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven
kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and
___62__ world. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up
the road, ____63___ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been
done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the
passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six
months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.
Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels （隧道）, which
became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered
engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___ (success) of these new lines, and was
opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the
public.
【答案】
61. crowds 62. From 63. laying 64. the 65. were used 66. fairly
67. it 68. managed 69. introduction 70. successful
【详解】
61.crowds 【名词复数】crowd 为可数名词，且由 terrible 可知，这里强调人多。因此 crowd 用复数形
式。
62.from 【介词】与上文的 to 对应，此处意为 “乘地铁上下班”。
63.laying 【非谓语动词（动名词）】63 (lay) the track 和上文的 digging up the road 及下文的 building a
strong roof… 是并列结构，因此用 laying。动名词短语作 included 的宾语。
64.the【冠词】根据语境 “这包括挖路，铺设轨道，然后在所挖的顶部建造一个结实的屋顶”，此处表特
指，因此填 the。
65.were used 【谓语动词 (一般过去时的被动语态)】根据语境 “蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢”。文章叙述的
是过去的事，且主语 Steam engines 与 use 为动宾关系。
66.fairly 【词性转化 (形容词转化为副词)】此处修饰形容词 unpleasant，应填副词 fairly。
67.it 【代词】此处意为 “然而，很快证实铁路是很大的成功，且在六个月内，超过 25，000 人每天都在
使用它”。it 指代句子的主语 the railway。
68.managed 【谓语动词 (过去时)】根据上下文可知作者在描述过去的事情，应用动词的一般过去式。
69.introduction 【词性转化 (动词转化为名词)】根据语境 “只有随着电力发动机和电梯的引入，这种改善
才有可能”，with 后应接名词作其宾语。
70.successful 【词性转化 (名词转化为形容词)】根据语境 “伦敦中央地铁是这些新线中最成功的之
一”，此处易错写成 successes。
Passage 24
（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号
中词语的正确形式填空。
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge
of her new A-level course. But unlike school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61.________
(rest). Instead, she is earning £6,500 a day as 62.________ model in New York.
Sarah 63.________ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year.
Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64.________ has taken part in
shows along with top models, wants 65.________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined
to carry on with her 66.________ (educate).
She has turned down several 67.________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68.________
engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69.________ (come) first. I
don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70.________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t
want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.”
【答案】
61. resting 62. a 63. has been told/was told 64. who 65. to prove 66. education
67.invitations 68. in 69. comes 70. certainly
【详解】
61.resting 【非谓语动词】此处意为 “16 岁的萨拉在学期中间的假期时间里没有休息”。spend some time
doing sth 意为 “花费时间做某事”。
62.a 【冠词】此处 “作为一名模特，” 表泛指。
63.has been told /was told 【谓语动词（时态和语态）】此处意为 “萨拉被告知下一年她可能成为收入百
万美元的英国新超级模特”。主语 Sarah 与 tell 为被动关系，且描述的是过去的事实，也可能会对现在
造成影响，因此此处填 has been told /was told。
64.who 【定语从句连接词】分析句子结构可知，主语为 Sarah，谓语部分为 wants…。“___64 has taken
part in shows along with top models,” 作定语修饰先行词 Sarah，且指代先行词的关系代词在从句中作主
语，因此填 who。
65.to prove 【非谓语动词 (动词不定式)】want to do sth 意为 “想要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。
66.education 【词性转化 (动词转化为名词)】此处意为 “她决定继续她的学业”，由 her 可知，因此填
education。
67.invitations 【名词复数】由修饰词 several 可知，invitation 应用复数形式。
68.in 【介词】此处意为 “工程或建筑专业的学位”，介词应用 in。
69.comes 【动词时态】由 at the moment 可知，此处应用一般现在时。
70.certainly 【词性转化 (形容词转化为副词)】此处修饰形容词 fun，因此用副词。
