专题06 完形填空
考点分类
十年考情（2017-2026）
命题规律
考点 01 词义
辨析题（实词
类）
每套试卷占比最高，单卷 12-15 题，占完
形填空总题量的 80%-100%；2026 全国一
二卷、2025-2017 全部全国卷均重点考
查；核心覆盖动词、名词、形容词、副词
四大实词，其中动词占比最高（单卷 6-8
题），其次是名词（3-5 题）、形容词
（2-4 题）、副词（1-2 题）
传统：单句 / 单段内词义辨析，结合局部
语境即可判断；
创新：多段落语境下的词义辨析，需结合
全文情感色彩、人物态度、主旨走向判
断，近义实词辨析难度提升，需区分细微
语义差别
考点 02 逻辑
关系题
026 全国一二卷、2025 全国一卷、2023-
2017 全部全国卷均稳定考查，单卷 2-3
题；多为句间、段间逻辑衔接，覆盖转
折、因果、递进、让步、并列、条件六大
逻辑关系，其中转折、因果占比最高
传统：单句内逻辑连词 / 副词辨析，结合
前后句语义即可判断；
创新：跨段落逻辑关系判断，需结合全文
叙事脉络、情感转折综合判断，无明显逻
辑标志词，需依托上下文语义推导
考点 03 固定
搭配 / 习语
题
2026 全国一卷、2024 全国一卷、2022 全
国一卷、2020 全国一卷、2017 多套试卷
均有考查，单卷 1-2 题；多为动词短语、
介词短语、固定习语，覆盖高考大纲核心
固定搭配
传统：固定短语的直接辨析，依托记忆即
可判断；
创新：固定搭配在特定语境下的语义活
用，需结合上下文判断搭配的语义适配
性，而非单纯记忆
考点 04 上下
文语境 / 语
篇理解题
2026 全国一二卷、2025 全国一卷、2023-
2017 全部全国卷均重点考查，单卷 3-5
题；多为语篇复现、情感色彩判断、主旨
呼应，覆盖全文叙事逻辑、人物情感变化
传统：单段内的原词复现、语义复现，结
合局部语境即可判断；
创新：跨多段落的语篇呼应、全文主旨的
隐性匹配，需整合全文多处信息，判断符
合人物情感、叙事走向的词汇，无直接原
文提示
Passage 1
（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D
四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I grew up in a little town in northeast Ohio. The 41________ of how little people knew about Ohio came
quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania. Though I lived 42________ three and a half hours away,
most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world. “Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a
farm?” The 43________ were never-ending. I was a 44________ in their eyes.
As I grow older, I’m more and more 45________ for my small town roots. Sure, my friends and I loved to
46________ about how bored we were in the middle of nowhere; 47________ , as I finish up my junior year of
college, I’m convinced that it took 48________ our small town to realize how much we actually loved it and what
exactly we loved about it.
The pace of life is slow and people 49________ connecting to each other. You do more than just talk to your
neighbors — in a lot of cases, they’re truly an 50________ of your family. Much of this 51________ centers
around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town; being present and mindful of your 52________ is
a critical part of the culture.
As I move through my college years, I 53________ the visits to my little hometown. I am grateful for the
54________ that I had growing up and know that wherever my next adventure takes me, I can 55________ my
small town roots to lead me in the right direction.
41. A. fantasy B. prejudice C. realization D. expectation
42. A. only B. indeed C. still D. even
43. A. tests B. questions C. games D. debates
44. A. Success B. victim C. novelty D. problem
45. A. thankful B. hopeful C. suitable D. reliable
46. A. dream B. lie C. hear D. complain
47. A. therefore B. however C. instead D. otherwise
48. A. touring B. changing C. leaving D. protecting
49. A. value B. admit C. fear D. remember
50. A. advantage B. example C. honor D. extension
51. A. lifestyle B. landscape C. procedure D. personality
52. A. Findings B. surroundings C. belongings D. greetings
53. A. give up B. put off C. face up to D. look forward to
54. A. confidence B. reputation C. experience D. opportunity
55. A. inspire B. trust C. remind D. challenge
【答案】 41—45 CABCA 46—50 DBCAD 51—55 ABDCB
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者离开俄亥俄小镇去外地上学后，从最初被同学视为“新奇事
物”到逐渐感恩小镇根脉的心路历程，表达了对小镇慢节奏生活和深厚人际纽带的眷恋与珍视。
【详解】
41. C 根据下文同学们对俄亥俄州知之甚少，纷纷问出Do you have to fIy home? Do you live on a
farm?等问题可知，作者去宾夕法尼亚上学后不久就“认识到”(realization)人们对我的家乡了解之少。
42. A 根据下文 three and a half hours away 及 most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole
different world 可知，三个半小时的距离实际上很近，但同学们却觉得很远，A 项only 可强调这个短距
离，与后文“a whole different world”形成反差。even 表示递进，但文中没有更远的距离作对比;still 和
indeed 都无法体现“距离实际很近但觉得远”的反差。
43. B 根据上文 Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?可知, 这些都是同学们提出的“问
题”(questions)，与never-ending 搭配表示问题没完没了，直接呼应上文两个问句。
44.C 根据上文同学们对俄亥俄州几乎一无所知、问出各种离谱问题可知，在同学眼中作者来自一个陌生
之地，是个新奇的存在(novelty)，体现因不了解而产生的陌生感与好奇感。
45.A 根据下文I'm convinced that it took48our small town to realize how much we actually loved it 以
及 I am grateful for 可知, 随着年龄增长,作者越来越感恩(thankfu1)小镇根脉，与最后一段中的grateful 形
成语义呼应。
46. D 根据下文 how bored we were in the middle of nowhere 可知, 朋友们]感到无聊，自然会抱怨
(complain)，这里表达了对家乡乏味的不满。
47.B 根据上文朋友们对家乡的无聊感受以及下文作者意识到自己其实深爱小镇可知，前后语义构成转
折，因此however 符合语境。
48. C 根上文I went to school in central Pennsylvania 以及下文 to realize how much we actually loved
it (其中 it 指代 our small town) 可知, 作者是离开(leaving)小镇后才意识到自己有多爱它。
49. A 根下文 connecting to each other 以及You do more than just talk to your neighbors 可知，人们主
动积极地与他人建立联系，认为这件事重要，A 项value 符合语境。
50. D 根据上文 You do more than just talk to your neighbors 以及in a lot of cases,they're truly an_50_
of your family 可知，邻的关系已经超出了普通邻里的范畴(extension)，更像是家人。
51.A 上文Much of this 中的this 指代前一段描述的“慢节奏、人们重视彼此联系、邻居像家人”等一系
列特征，再结合下文centers around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town (围绕户外活
动和对小镇了如指掌)可知，空白处需要一个词来概括这些不同侧面的共同属性，A 项lifestyle(日常生活方
式)符合句意。
52. B 根据上文being present and mindful of your 52
以及前一分句being outside and knowing the ins
and outs of the town (在户外、 熟悉小的里里外外)可知，这两个动作都是关于周围环境(surroundings)，
surroundings 和the ins and outs of the town 语义连贯，共同描绘融入小镇生活的画面。
53.D 根据下文I am grateful for ...以及全文的感恩基调可知，作者对“回小镇探访”这件事的态度是积
极的、盼望的 (look forward to)。
54.C 根据上文I grew up in a little town 以及全文对小镇生活的具体描述(慢节奏、邻里关系、户外文化
等)可知，作者感激的不是某一个具体的“机会”或“荣誉”，而是整个成长过程中所拥有的各种体验和经
历(experience)。
55.B 根据上文作者多次表达对小镇生活的珍视以及本句I can 55
my small town roots to lead me in
the right direction 可知，作者认为小根基能引导自己走向正确方向，因此他对这份根基的态度应是信赖
(trust)，且trust 5
something to do something 是常见搭配。
Passage 2
（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I never thought I could be a writer. I didn’t come from a family connected to the 4 1
world,
which I perceived as a major
4 2
. After my undergraduate degree, convinced that writing wasn’t for
me, I 4 3 to study teaching.
Then came an afternoon that 4 4 everything. I was teaching poetry, encouraging students to
write about their 4 5 . And then, at the end of the lesson, one child asked me a question: “Have you
always wanted to be a 4 6 , Miss?” I explained that when I was his age, I actually wanted to be a
writer, but I didn’t think I quite had what it 4 7 . The boy replied with a 4 8 look, “Well you are
telling us to live our dreams when you haven’t even done it yourself. Have you even 4 9 ?”
I was struck speechless — he was 50
. Who was I to 51
them on bravery and risk when
I had never taken myself nor my own 52
seriously?
On the basis of that 53
I applied to go back to university and study creative writing. There
were times when I found myself wondering if I should pack it all in, but the boy’s words kept ringing
in my ears. I knew I needed nothing else to succeed but a bit of 54
and hard work. I 55
to
find a way out of my shame and into a pattern of work that I loved.
41. A. medical
B. artistic
C. scientific
D. literary
42. A. subject
B. problem
C. event
D. breakthrough
43. A. stepped aside
B. got up
C. went off
D. turned back
44. A. changed
B. ruined
C. revealed
D. interrupted
45. A. hobbies
B. families
C. dreams
D. lessons
46. A. writer
B. teacher
C. reporter
D. publisher
47. A. kept
B. left
C. held
D. took
48. A. satisfied
B. guilty
C. grateful
D. disapproving
49. A. tried
B. noticed
C. asked
D. waited
50. A. rude
B. right
C. shy
D. silent
51. A. examine
B. congratulate
C. lecture
D. consult
52. A. values
B. imagination
C. inspiration
D. desires
53. A. cooperation
B. conversation
C. administration
D. explanation
54. A. self-belief
B. know-how
C. brainstorming
D. teamwork
55. A. remembered
B. agreed
C. managed
D. hesitated
【答案】41—45 DBCAC 46—50 BDDAB 51—55 CDBAC
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者未经尝试就放弃写作梦想，转而教书。然而有学生指出作者从未
尝试过实现自己的梦想，却教导他人追梦，这促使她做出改变，最终找到热爱的事业。
【详解】
41.D 根据段句I never thought I could be a writer.可知，作者谈论的是有关作家的事情，因此这里是在
进一步解释原因，即自己并非出身于一个有文学(literary)背景的家庭。
42.B 作者在上文中提到I never thought I could be a writer.,又指出自己缺乏文学家庭背景，由此可知作
者曾将其视为成为作家的一个主要困难(problem)。
43.C 根据空白处前的 convinced that writing wasn't for me 和 空白处后的to study teaching 可知，作者
认为自己不适合写作，于是转而(went off)去学习教育。Step aside 意为“让位，退位”，getup 意为“起
床，起立”turn back 意为“原路返回，往回走”。
44.A 根据第三、四段中作者的反思和行动可知，正是那天下午与学生的对话使作者重新审视自己，最终
走上写作道路，因此那天下午改变了(changed)切。
45. C 根据段末学生所说的 you are telling us to live our dreams 可知，作者上课时鼓励学生写下自已的
梦想(dreams)。
46.B 上文提到作者现在是一名老师，在课堂上鼓励学生写下梦想，下文又向学生解释自己小时候原本是
想当作家的。由此可推断，学生的问题是想确认，当老师(teacher)是否是作者一直以来的梦想。
47.D 根据句意可知，作者此处在向学生解释自己缺乏当作家所需(took)的条件，所以没有成为作家。Have
what it takes 为固定习语，意为“具备某事所需的素质/能力”。
48. D 根据下文学生的话 ... you are telling us to live our dreams when you haven't even done it
yourself.可知，学生认为作者自己都没实现梦想，却教别人追寻梦想，因此不以为然(disapproving)地看了
作者一眼。
49.A 根据上文可知，学生并不认可作者放弃梦想的理由，并进一步提问作者是否曾经尝试过(tried)追求梦
想。
50.B 根据段首的I was struck speechless 和第四段首句中作者决定重返大学学习创意写作可知，作者认为
学生的批评是有道理的(right)。
51.C 根据上文可知，作者自己没有追寻过梦想，却教导学生勇敢追梦，自我反思后，认为自己没有资格对
学生说教(lecture)。lecture sb on sth 意为“就某事对某人说教”。
52. D 根上文学生的话 ... you are telling us to live our dreams when you haven't even done it yourself.
Have you even 49
? 以及空白处前作者的心理活动可知，作者发觉自己从未认真对待过自己的梦想，
即愿望(desires)。
53. B 根据下文 I applied to go back to university and study creative writing 和 but the boy's words kept
ringing in my ears 可知,正是这次与学生的谈话(conversation)促使作者改变了人生方向。
54.A 根据下文find a way out of my shame 可知，作者后来克服了内心的羞愧才获得成功，因此作者知
道自己需要的只是一点自信(self-belief)和努力。
55. C 根据后半句的 find a way out of my shame and into a pattern of work that I loved 可知，作者最
终成功摆脱了羞愧感，并找到了热爱的工作方式。manage to do sth 意为“设法完成某事”。
Passage 3
（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy ___41___ the beloved home our family had
spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the ___42___ we were moving to in town, donated
what we could, and rented a place to ___43___ our supposedly important objects. That left a house still ___44___
with things that, while not particularly ___45___, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional
___46___, another asking for a price cut. As our ___47___ day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and
reposted it. The ___48___: “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and
left happily with the vase.
___49___, I posted more. My daily posts and the ___50___ I received became a precious ray of light in the
chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to ___51___ the landfill and to please another person I
might not otherwise have ___52___.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the ___53___ that share our small space. I take ___54___ in
knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is ___55___ something that couldn’t come with us.
41. A. painting over
B. looking around
C. emptying out
D. pulling down
42. A. hotel
B. office
C. cottage
D. apartment
43. A. store
B. display
C. sell
D. repair
44. A. covered
B. decorated
C. stuffed
D. equipped
45. A. conventional
B. valuable
C. complicated
D. tolerable
46. A. fees
B. photos
C. receipts
D. models
47. A. move
B. pay
C. market
D. work
48. A. warning
B. request
C. description
D. reply
49. A. Confused
B. Interested
C. Disappointed
D. Encouraged
50. A. visits
B. reports
C. advice
D. money
51. A. remove
B. spare
C. find
D. check
52. A. investigated
B. recognized
C. encountered
D. recommended
53. A. giveaways
B. posts
C. contributions
D. belongings
54. A. joy
B. part
C. care
D. time
55. A. anticipating
B. appreciating
C. delivering
D. withdrawing
【答案】41—45 CDACB 46—50 BACDA 51—55 BCDAB
【导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过分享不需要的物品减少浪费，与他人建立
联系，从中获得了快乐。
【详解】
41.C 根据上文 sold our house 及下文 donated what we could 可知， 作者夫妻忙于清空住了23 年的
家。emptying out 意为“清空”，符合搬家前整理物品的语境。
42.D 第五段中提到I sit in my apartment today，此处为原词复现，指搬到城里的公寓(apartment)。
43. A 根上文 rented a place 和下文 supposedly important objects 可知, 租地方是为了储存(store)物品。
44.C 根据下文with things 和语境可知，这里是描述房子里仍堆满物品的状态。stuffed with 为固定搭配，
意为“塞满”，符合语境。
45.B 根据下文 didn't belong in a landfill 可知，这些物品不特别贵重(valuable)，但也不是完全没用的废
品。valuable 与“填埋”的取舍逻辑直接关联，符合语境。
46.B 结合上文took a picture 和 posted it online 可知,作者给花瓶拍了照片并在网上发布，因此潜在买
家要求提供更多物品的照片(photos)以了解细节是合理的。
47.A 根据上文提到的sold our house 以及后续搬家的过程可知，此处指搬家日(move day)临近，符合语
境。
48.C "I hate this vase. Maybe you won't.”是重新发帖时对物品的描述(description)，符合网络交易的逻
辑。
49.D 成功送出花瓶后，作者受到鼓舞(Encouraged)继续发帖。Encouraged 与下文posted more 的积极行为
构成因果关系，体现交易成功的正向反馈。
50.A 根据上文a woman raced into my house 可知，作者收到的是买家的拜访(visits)。visits 对应面对面
交易场景，符合语境。
51.B spare the landfilI 意为“免于被扔进垃圾填埋场”，指通过将自已闲置的物品送给他人来减少垃
圾，提供了一个避免物品进入垃圾填埋场的机会。
52.C 每次交易让作者有机会碰到(encountered)原本不会遇见的人，符合语境。
53.D belongings 意为“所有物”，指作者最终选择带到新公寓的个人物品。下文share our small space
明确指向这些“物品”。
54.A take joy in 意为“以......为乐"，呼应上文a precious ray of light 的积极情感，体现作者对物品再利
用的欣慰。
55.B 根据全文内容可知，想到有人欣赏(appreciating)自己无法带走的物品，作者感到宽慰，符合语境。
Passage 4
（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to ___
4 1___
seven years ago after having a
___
4 2___
call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which ___
4 3___
led her to getting
surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a ___
4 4___
. Determined to turn her life around,
Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a ___
4 5___
lifestyle, before discovering a ___
4 6___
for
weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the ___
4 7___
lover has not only managed to ___
4 8___
an impressive set
of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content explaining there’s no ___
4 9___
others can’t look
this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a ___
5 0___
to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said.
“___
5 1___
others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when ___
5 32___
.” She previously explained
that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the ___
5 3___
is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the __
5 4___
wrong in
the best possible way and has indeed become an ___
5 5___
for many social media users.
41. A. write
B. travel
C. exercise
D. recover
42. A. goodwill
B. timeout
C. long-distance
D. wake-up
43. A. normally
B. ultimately
C. suddenly
D. automatically
44. A. change
B. fortune
C. wish
D. deal
45. A. risky
B. traditional
C. comfortable
D. healthy
46. A. demand
B. secret
C. passion
D. cure
47. A. peace
B. fitness
C. fun
D. nature
48. A. grow
B. control
C. activate
D. relax
49. A. need
B. choice
C. reason
D. difference
50. A. green light
B. road block
C. passing mark
D. stepping stone
51. A. Help
B. Consult
C. Follow
D. Forgive
52. A. accepted
B. shared
C. expected
D. celebrated
53. A. goal
B. case
C. duty
D. cost
54. A. instructors
B. admirers
C. beginners
D. doubters
55. A. authority
B. excuse
C. inspiration
D. option
【答案】 41—45 CDBAD 46—50 CBACD 51—55 ABADC
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位65 岁奶奶健身成功，改善了生活方式和健康状况，并成为励志
网红，激励他人坚持运动的故事。
【详解】
41.C 根据本段最后一句中的Ms Donohue began to work out ...可知,她开始锻炼(exercise)。
42. D 根据下一句中的 She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues ... led her to getting
surgery 可知，饮食失调和健康问题导致的手术对Ms Donohue 来说是一个警醒(a wake-up calI)，促使她做
出改变。
43. B 根据前半句中的 She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues 可知，多年来Ms
Donohue 都在与健康问题抗争，这些积年累月的健康问题，最终(ultimately)导致她做了手术。
44.A 根据下一句中的Determined to turn her life around 可知，在这次经历后，她意识到自己需要做出改
变(change)。
45.D 根据本句中的Ms Donohue began to work out 可知，她开始遵循健康的(healthy)生活方式。
46. C 根据本中的Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle 和下一段中的an
impressive set of muscles 可知,Ms Donohue 先是开始健身，保持健康生活，而后锻炼出了令人赞叹的肌肉
线条，可见她对举重的酷爱(passion)。a passion for sth 意为“对......的酷爱”。
47.B 根据第一段最后一句中的Ms Donohue began to work out 和discovering a passion for weightlifting
可知,Ms Donohue 踏上了健身的旅程并爱上了举重，因此她是健身爱好者(fitness lover)。
48.A 根据第一段最后一句中的Ms Donohue began to work out 和discovering a passion for weightlifting
可推测, Ms Donohue 成功地 "长出"也就是练出(grow)了令人赞叹的肌肉。
49.C 根据第一、二段可知，Ms Donohue 已年过60，尚且还能坚持锻炼并练出肌肉，因此其他人没理由
(reason)练不出这样的好身材。
50.D 根据本句中的Hold on 以及never give up 可知，Ms Donohue 将失败视为成功的垫脚石
(steppingstone)。
51.A 根据下文的Lift others upon your journey 可知，帮助 (help) 他人。
52.B 根据上一句的Help others:Lift others up on your journey 可知，成功在分享(shared)时更显甜蜜。
53.A 根据前半句的you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise, 说明健身无需完美身材，接下
来进一步强调健身的目标(goal)是为了感觉好，而非为了外表好看。
54. D 根据前半的Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out 和but she has
proved ... wrong 可知,健身路上Ms Donohue 遭受了很多嘲笑，但她证明这些人是错的，这些嘲笑她的人自
然也是质疑她的人(doubters) .
55. C 根据三段中的The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there's no reason
others can't look this good 和二段中的a huge following on social media 可知，Ms Donohue 成为了很多社
交媒体用户的励志榜样(inspiration)。
Passage 5
（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I've been motivated - and demotivated - by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend _4l
a marathon race. Feeling motivated, l started
running_42
, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was_43
for a
“'super," referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then,the next day I went on my longest run-15 miles.
To be honest,l 44
it! Between the girl making my 45
seem small and the pure boredom of jogging,
I decided that the only 46
I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!So l 47
cycling.I
got a good bike and rode a lot. I _48
of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my
sister, While she was at work one day, I _49
her bike and went for a ride. The 50
: The roads there
went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such 51
.That
day, I got 52
by about 100 “local" bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home,
suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as 53
I've 54
a lot since then. I've come to accept 55
I set for myself, that what ever they just have
to be my own.
41.A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43.A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45.A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D.reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51.A.dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52.A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53.A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54.A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55.A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
【答案】41—45 CADCB 46—50 DCBBA 51—55 DADBC
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了主人公受到他人成就的刺激和激励，盲目跟风，尝试过跑步和骑
自行车，最终意识到无论为自己设定什么目标，都必须切实可行、适合自己。
【详解】
41. C
根据一段的I've been motivated ... by other folks' achievements 以及下文的Feeling motivated 可知，
“
”
我被朋友取得的成就所激励，因此邻居朋友应是赢得了马拉松比赛，won 符合语境。
42.A 根据上文的Feeling motivated
“
”
可知，我受该朋友赢得马拉松比赛的激励，开始定期(regularly)跑
步。
43.D 根据下文的a52.4-mile double marathon
“
可知，该女生告诉我"她在为一个52.4 英里的双程马拉松比
赛而进行训练(training)。
44. C
根据下文的the pure boredom of jogging ... I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me 可
知,“我"讨厌(hated)跑步。
45.B 根据上文女生为52.4
“
”
英里的双程马拉松比赛进行训练，而我最长的跑步距离才15 英里可知，和她
“
”
相比，我的成就(achievement)显得微不足道。
46. D
根据文I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me
“
”
可知，我下定决心，只有被狗追赶，
“
”
“
”
我才会再次跑步，这是我再次跑步的唯一原因或理由(reason)。
47.C
“
”
由上文我讨厌跑步及下文的cycling
“
”
可知，我对跑步失去兴趣，改为(turned to)骑自行车。
48. B
根据上文的I got a good bike and rode a lot.
下文的entering cycle races
“
”
可知，我梦想着(dreamed
of)参加自行车比赛。
49.B 根据上文的While she was at work one day 可知，姐姐上班去了,“我"借(borrowed)她的自行车出去兜
风。
50. A 根据
下文The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.可知，
“
”
“
”
那里的路穿过大山谷，所以我需要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，这是我遇到的问题(problem)。
51. D 根据
上文的The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.可
“
”
知，我从未遇到过这样的挑战(challenges) 。
52. A 根据下
文的by about 100 "local" bikers who were used to such roads 可知，当地自行车手习惯了在这种
“
”
上坡路上骑行，所以此处指的是我被大约100 名当地自行车手超过(passed)了。
53.D
“
”
“
”
根据上文我在上坡路上骑行遇到的挑战及被当地自行车手赶超可知，我应该很受挫，所以回家后
觉得骑自行车不再那么有吸引力(appealing) Jo
54.B
“
通过我"的两次经历及下文的I've come to accept that ...
“
”
可知，我应该是成熟了(matured)许多。
55.C 根据下文的I set for myself, they just have to be my own
“
”
可知，此处指无论我为自己设定什么目标
(goals)，都必须是(适合)我自己的目标。
Passage 6
（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but
when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___
4 1___
, Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I ___
44
___
to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried
to ___
4 3___
a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___
4 4___
my language skills. That
encouragement helped me to get through the language ___
4 5___
. After I made Italy my permanent home, I
discovered how ___
4 6___
Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to
___
4 7___
me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___
4 8___
of kindness that
make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___
4 9___
quite like Italy.
Each town has its own traditional ____
5 0____
, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to
another. Families ____
5 1____
for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can
____
5 4 ____
. These meals are always ____
5 3____
by laughter and joy. Whatever ____
5 4____
life in Italy might
have, the problems are ____
5 5____
once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
41. A. study
B. rent
C. visit
D. settle
44. A. planned
B. struggled
C. refused
D. happened
43. A. string
B. hang
C. mix
D. match
44. A. improved
B. assessed
C. admired
D. praised
45. A. course
B. barrier
C. area
D. test
46. A. open-minded
B. strong-willed
C. warm-hearted
D. well-informed
47. A. remind
B. allow
C. persuade
D. order
48. A. tricks
B. promises
C. acts
D. duties
49. A. ambition
B. success
C. appetite
D. growth
50. A. costume
B. dish
C. symbol
D. tale
51. A. gather
B. cheer
C. leave
D. wait
54. A. put up with
B. stand up for
C. come up with
D. make up for
53. A. signaled
B. confirmed
C. represented
D. accompanied
54. A. disadvantages
B. meanings
C. surprises
D. opportunities
55. A. created
B. forgotten
C. understood
D. identified
【答案】41—45 DBADB 46—50 CACCB 51—55 ACDAB
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者选择在意大利定居的故事。
【详解】
41.D 根据上文的decided to buy a house in Europe 以及空白处前表示转折的but 可知，虽然作者喜欢在法国
旅行，但是最终还是选择在意大利定居。settle 意为"定居"，符合语境。下文的I made Italy my permanent
home 亦有提示。
42.B 根据上下文可知，作者初到意大利，语言不通，所以在问路和在餐厅点菜时会遇到困难，struggle
to do sth
“
”
意为吃力地做某事，符合语境。
43.A 根据句意可知，作者刚到意大利时，有语言障碍，所以每次在表达自己的意思时，会用意大利语拼
凑句子，string
“
”
“
作名词意思是线，用作动词意为把......
”
串起来，string a sentence together
“
意为组织一个
”
句子，符合语境。
44. D 结合上文的the locals smiled at me 和文的That encouragement helped me 可知，在语言表达方面，当
地人给作者很大的鼓励。praise
“
”
意为称赞，符合语境。
45.B 根据上文可知，意大利当地人的鼓励让作者受益良多，此处应是帮助作者克服了语言障碍(the
language barrier)。
46. C
根据F
文的Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door...可知，作者的
邻居们会给他送刚做好的奶酪，由此可知，作者在定居意大利后，才知道这里的人们有多么热心(warm-
hearted)。下文的kindness 亦有提示。
47.A 根据上下文可知，作者的邻居们非常友好，会给他送刚做好的食物，由此可推知，他们会在要下雨
的时候提醒(remind)作者关好车窗。
48.C 上文提到作者发现意大利人很热心，再结合下文的make a new country feel like home 可知，邻居们
的这些善举(acts of kindness)让作者在异乡体会到了家的感觉。
49. C 根据上文的As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach ...可知，作者是一位美食家，要想抓
住他的心需要先抓住他的胃。appetite
“
意为食欲;
”
胃口，符合语境。
50.B 结合上下文可知，本段内容与意大利饮食有关。再结合下文提到的every family keeps a recipe...可
知，在意大利，每个家庭都有自己的家族食谱，由此可知，该空所在句意为:“每个城镇都有自己的传统菜
肴(dish)
”
。
51. A
根据下文的These meals ... by laughter and joy
和a big meal with friends and family 可知，意大利家
庭热爱聚餐，并享受这种美食文化。gather
“
”
意为聚集，符合语境。
52.C 根据上下文可知，意大利家庭热爱家庭聚餐，不论是周日、家人的生日，或者任何能想到的其他理
由。come up with
“
意为想到;
”
提出，符合语境。
53.D 根据上下文可推知，本句意为:“
”
他们的聚餐总伴随着欢声笑语。be accompanied by
“
意为伴随
着......”，符合语境。
54.A 根据下文的the problems 可知，该空指的应是生在意大利的劣势(disadvantages).
55.B 根据全文内容可知，本文描述了作者对意大利以及其饮食文化的热爱，由此可推知，一旦和朋友家
人坐下享受一顿美餐，很多问题都能被弃之脑后(forgotten).
Passage 7
（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have
____41____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____42____ came because she was carrying a ____43____
across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____44____ when
a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____45____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey
took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____46____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____47____ to let
Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue
could get ____48____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____49____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious
injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme _____50_____ to make it to that aid
checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more _____51_____ about why her act is considered a big _____52_____. “She was
just crying. I couldn’t _____53_____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the _____54_____, they’ve since become friends.
Neither won the race, but the _____55_____ of human kindness won the day.
41. A. designed
B. followed
C. changed
D. finished
42. A. delay
B. chance
C. trouble
D. excuse
43. A. judge
B. volunteer
C. classmate
D. competitor
44. A. race
B. school
C. town
D. training
45. A. agreed
B. returned
C. stopped
D. promised
46. A. courage
B. aid
C. patience
D. advice
47. A. went away
B. stood up
C. stepped aside
D. bent down
48. A. medical
B. public
C. constant
D. equal
49 A. interrupted
B. assessed
C. identified
D. appreciated
50. A. hunger
B. pain
C. cold
D. tiredness
51. A. worried
B. ashamed
C. confused
D. discouraged
52. A. game
B. problem
C. lesson
D. deal
53. A. leave
B. cure
C. bother
D. understand
54. A. ride
B. test
C. meet
D. show
55. A. secret
B. display
C. benefit
D. exchange
【答案】41—45 DADAC 46—50 BDABB 51—55 CDACB
【导语】一名越野赛跑运动员在比赛中将受伤的运动员背至终点就医，虽因此事耽误了自己的比赛，与胜
利失之交臂，但她善良的举动为她赢得了独特的胜利，体现了人性之善的力量。
41.D 根据 上文的 hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race 可知，Bailey 在参加越野比赛，
她本应该更早一些跑完(finished)全程。
42. A 根据上文的 should have... earlier than she did 可知,Bailey 到得比预期的晚，即她的比赛受到了耽
搁(delay)，下文because...解释了原因。
43. D 根据二段的 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue 及let Lenoue climb onto her back 可知，
Bailey 是背着Lenoue 跨过终点线，Lenoue 是Bailey 的竞争对手(competitor)之一。
44. A 根据第一段的 hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race 及第二段的two-thirds of the
way through 可知,Bailey 已经跑了比赛(race)全程的三分之二以上。
45. C 根据下文的 to help her fellow runner 可知, Bailey 停了 下来(stopped)帮助和她一起参赛的选手。
46.B 根据上文的took her arm to see 可知，Bailey 搀着Lenoue 的胳膊，想看看能否帮(aid)她往前走。
47. D 根据下文的let Lenoue climb onto her back 可知,Bailey 下(bentdown)让Lenoue 趴到她的背上。
48.A 根据上文的began crying in pain 可知，Lenoue 受伤了，因此需要接受医疗(medical)救治。
49. B 根据上文的 Once there 和下文的 and later taken to a hospital 可知,在那里，医生对Lenoue 的身
体状况进行了评估(assessed)，随即将她送往医院。
50.B 根据第二段的crying in pain 可知，如果没有Bailey 的帮助，Lenoue 自己走到救助站将会承受巨大的
痛苦(pain)。
51.C 根据下文的why 可知，此处应是表示困惑不解(confused)，因此有了下文的疑问。
52.D 根据下文Bailey 的回答可知,Bailey 认为自己只是做了一件该做的事，所以让她疑惑的应是为什么人
们认为她的行为很了不起。A big deal 意为“重要的/令人激动的事情或情况”
53.A 根据上文的She was just crying.可知，当Bailey 看到Lenoue 哭泣时，不会撇下(leave)她不管的。
54. C 根据下文的 they've since become friends 可知, Bailey 和 Lenoue 在比赛(meet)之前虽然素不相
识，但此次事件之后，二人就成了朋友。
55.B 根据上文可知，Bailey 为了将受伤的Lenoue 背至终点就医，耽误了自己的比赛，尽管二人都没有赢
得比赛，但是Bailey 的所作所为是善意的体现(display)，这才是最终的胜利。
Passage 8
（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move
to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___41___. They could not afford to pay for ___42___ for their dog,
Tiffy, and ___43___ wanted to take her with them.
It just ___44___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___45___ to take
Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___46___ Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very ___47___. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I
could tell this was ___48___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust that everything would
_____50_____.
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me _____51_____ Tiffy into the plane. I promised
to take care of Tiffy and _____52_____ them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was _____53_____, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she _____54_____ with Karen
and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so _____55_____ and sent me a nice e-mail
with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41. A. turn
B. budget
C. schedule
D. connection
42. A. food
B. shelter
C. medicine
D. transportation
43. A. desperately
B. temporarily
C. secretly
D. originally
44. A. appeared
B. proved
C. happened
D. showed
45. A. waited
B. offered
C. hurried
D. failed
46. A. see off
B. look for
C. hand over
D. pick up
47. A. confused
B. nervous
C. annoyed
D. curious
48. A. hard
B. fine
C. common
D. lucky
49. A. coworker
B. passenger
C. stranger
D. neighbor
50. A. speed up
B. work out
C. come back
D. take off
51. A. feed
B. follow
C. change
D. load
52. A. call
B. join
C. leave
D. serve
53. A. unnecessary
B. unexpected
C. unavoidable
D. uneventful
54. A. returned
B. fought
C. flew
D. agreed
55. A. thankful
B. generous
C. proud
D. sympathetic
【答案】
41—45 BDACB 46—50 DBACB 51—55 DADCA
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了两名飞行员通过PNP 计划帮助一家人把宠物狗从托皮卡市运输到弗吉
尼亚的感人故事。
【详解】
41. B 根据下文的 They could not afford to pay for ... 可知这家人生活比较拮据，无法负担运送宠物的
费用，on a very tight budget 意为“预算非常紧张”
42. D 根据上文的 They had to move to Virginia ... 以及下文的 ... wanted to take her with them.可知这
家人想要带上宠物狗一起搬到弗吉尼亚，但是由于预算非常紧张，负担不起狗的运输(transportation)费用。
43.A 根据第三段中狗主人的紧张表现可知，主人对其宠物狗非常在意，因此此处应该是非常(desperately)
想要把狗带到新家去。
44. C 根据上文的 I saw a post on the PNP (Pilot N Paws) website ... 以及下文的 I was planning
another PNP flight ...可知，作者在 PNP 网站上看到一个来自托皮卡市的家庭发布的求助帖，那时候作者
也碰巧(happened)有一个PNP 飞行计划。
45.B 根据第二段内容可知，作者与另一个飞行员 Karen 在策划这次运送宠物狗的分工，可知 Karen 是主
动提出(offered)要将宠物狗Tiffy 从堪萨斯城送往弗吉尼亚的。
46.D 上文提到了宠物狗Tiffy 最初是在托皮卡市，Karen 负责将Tiffy 从堪萨斯城送往弗吉尼亚，而作者则
负责从托皮卡市到堪萨斯城这一段的路程，因此首先应该去托皮卡市接(pickup)Tiffy。
47. B 根据下文的 George, the husband, was trying to be calm ... 可知, 当作者见到Tiffy 的主人们的时
候，他们非常紧张(nervous)。
48.A 根据上文的 ...trying to be calm 和下文的 having to leave his dog..可知，Tiffy 的主人不得不将宠物
狗交到他人之手，对此他们非常焦虑，因此要保持镇定对主人来说是很难的(hard)。
49.C 根据上文内容可知，作者只是一个帮忙运送宠物的好心飞行员，对于Tify 的主人来说是把自己的宠
物交于陌生人(stranger)之手。
50. B 根据上文having to leave his dog to ... and trust that everything would...可知，狗的主人George
虽然很担忧，但是不得不将宠物狗交于陌生人之手，并希望一切都进展顺利(workout)。
51.D 根据下文的 ... Tiffy into the plane. 可知，作者让 George 夫妇帮自己把Tiffy 装到(load)飞机上。
52.A 根据上文可知，堪萨斯城只是一个运送宠物的中转地，George 一家并不在此地，因此join“加入”和
serve“服务”均不正确。该空后的代词them 指的是George 夫妇，因此leave“离开"或“留下”也不正
确。恰当的语义应为“我保证会好好照顾Tiffy，并且一到堪萨斯城就打电话给(call)George 夫妇”。
53.D 根据下文的...and Tiffy was a great passenger. 可知，这次飞行很平静顺利(uneventful)。
54. C 根据 The flight was ..., and Tiffy was a great passenger. 可知, 者已带着狗狗Tiffy 成功到达了堪
萨斯城。后半部分行程应是另一位飞行员Karen 带着 Tiffy 继续飞往(flew)弗吉尼亚。
55. A 上文的 ... made it back to George in Virginia within a few days.以及下文的 ... sent me a nice
e-mail with pictures. 可知, 狗主人 George 非常感激(thankful)。
Passage 9
（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 41 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once,
we 42 along Chalk Creek. I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek（小
溪）. I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was
44 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on
him. It 46 — he didn't end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms
move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked
up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 51 .
We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 , a fisherman pulled
up, threw us a rope and towed（拖）us back. We were 53 .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of
54 , wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
【答案】41—45 CADCB 46—50 ADBAC 51—55 ADCDB
【导语】作者回忆了两次和家人一起露营的经历，虽然很惊险，但最后都平安度过危机。因此，一家人很
享受一起露营所带来的未知的乐趣和冒险。
【详解】
41.C 根据第二段的from the early years when ... 和 Once 及第三段的Another time 可知，作者是在回忆
和家人的露营经历，一些回忆(memories)很有趣。
42. A 根据第一段的wonderful camping experiences 和下文的...to keep him near to our spot 可知，作者一
家是在Chalk Creek 岸边露营(camped)。
43. D 根据 文的 I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.可知，作者担心(worried)儿
子会掉进小溪里，所以拿绳子绑在他身上。
44.C 根据下文的his crying 可知，绳子绑在孩子身上让他觉得不舒服(uncomfortable).
45. B 根据上文的 That lasted about ten minutes.和下文的 I just kept a close eye on him.可知，绳子绑
在孩子身上十分钟左右就取下来了，作者只能紧盯着他。所以instead of 符合语境。
46.A 根据下一句he didn't end up in the creek 可知，紧盯着孩子起了作用(worked)，孩子没有掉进小溪
里。
47. D 根据下文的 but storms move in fast in the mountains 可知，山的暴风雨来得很迅猛，but 在此处
表示转折，表明作者一家出发(headed off)时天气还很晴朗。sign up 意为“报名(参加课程)”;calm down 意
为“(使)平静，镇静”;check out 意为“结账离开(旅馆等)”，均不符合语境。
48.B 根据上文可知，作者一家出发时天气晴朗，而这场突如其来的暴风雨中断了(interrupted)他们平静的
清晨之旅。
49.A 根据上一句中的 storms move in fast 和下文的thunder rolled 可知,暴风雨来临时风力(wind)增强，
雷声隆隆。
50. C 根据下文的We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.可知，发动机无法启动
了。所以此处是说作者的丈夫停止钓鱼，试图去启动(start)发动机。
51. A 根据下一句 We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.可知，他们被困在了湖
中央，也就是说很不幸(No luck)，作者的丈夫第二次仍然没能成功启动发动机。因此luck 符合语境。
52.D 根据上文可知，作者一家被困在了湖中央，因此他们坐在那里，感到无助(helplessly)。
53. C 根据上文中的 a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back 可知，他们的船被一位渔
民拖到了岸上，即他们安全了(safe)。
54. D 根据下文的 wondering what camping fun ... we will experience next 可知，他们好奇接下来的露营
会经历什么有趣的事情，因此兴奋(excitement) 不已.
55.B 根据上文作者的回忆可知，露营非常有趣，但同时也是一场冒险(adventure)，会有意想不到的危险发
生。
Passage 10
（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is
doing it 41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping
everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has
an unusual way to make their travel 43 .
They're part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-
cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner's 46 .
It's not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets
that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sitting also offers a level of 49 they can't find in a hotel.
"It's like 50 at a friend's house," Jessica says.
The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the
homeowner's 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54
and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. "You want to make the homeowner feel that they
made the right 55 ," she says.
41. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time
42. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure
43. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable
44. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural
45. A. strangers' B. parents' C. co-workers' D. neighbors'
46. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence
47. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete
48. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please
49. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention
50. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying
51. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment
52. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding
53. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing
54. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty
55. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression
【答案】41—45 DCDCA 46—50 DADBB 51—55 ACCAB
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica 和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌
生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很
高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
【详解】
41.D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25 岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。
A.indoors 室内:B.online 在线的:C.single-handed 单手的;D.full-time 全职的。根据后文“She and her husband
have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在过去的两年
里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位25 岁的年轻人全职从事这项工
作。故选D。
42. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式
让他们的旅行负担得起。A.game 游戏:B.service 服务:C.vacation 假期:D. procedure 手续。结合上文可知
Jessica 在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。
43. D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方
式让他们的旅行负担得起。A.safe 安全的:B.busy 忙碌的:C.helpful 有帮助的:D.affordable 买的起的。对应上
文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行
负担得起。故选D。
44. C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们是共享经济新形式的一部分:在线看房者。A.local 当地的:B.private
私人的:C.sharing 分享:D.agricultural 农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到
他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选 C.
45. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、
给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的:B.parents’父母的:C.co-workers’同事的; D.neighbors’邻居的。根据上文可
知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。
46. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、
给植物浇水。A.favor 帮助:B.defense 防御:C.honor 荣誉:D.absence 缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water
plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选 D。
47. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他
们的日子。A.plan 计划;B.explain 解释;C.compare 比较:D.complete 完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅
行，应用plan。故选A。
48. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他
们的日子。A.buy 购买:B.transport 运输:C.choose 选择:D.please 取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes
difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。
49. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support 支
持:B.comfort 舒适，安慰:C.control 控制:D.attention 注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也
能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。
50. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:“这就像住在朋友家一样，"Jessica 说。A.cooking 烹饪:B.staying 停
留:C.waiting 等待:D.studying 学习。根据后文“at a friend's house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。
51. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
A.success 成功;B.survival 存活:C.growth 生长:D. unemployment 失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as
house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用 success。故选 A.
52. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
A.budget 预算;B.abilities 能力:C.expectations 期待:D.understanding 理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人
的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选 C。
53. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在
去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A.admiring 钦佩:B.donating 捐赠:C.sending 发送:D.borrowing 借
来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。
54. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，
在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A.clean 干净的:B.open 开放的:C.simple 简单的:D.empty 空
的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。
55. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A.guess 猜测; B. decision
决定:C.response 反应:D.impression 印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选
B。
Passage 11
（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a
baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41 little
bunny(兔子) cakes for all its 42 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids
for 43 help during our spring break, for which I had no 44 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d
45 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 46 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called
Betsy’s dad with their 47 .
Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing(糖霜) ears. Apply icing
eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt. This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.
As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 52 .
Dad 53 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville,
New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the
work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】 41—45 CADAB 46—50 ABCDA 51—55 BCBDD
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者主要介绍第一次暑期打工的经历，从中他得到了深刻的体会，工作
不易，同时也获得一些有益的经验。
【详解】
41. C 根据第一段的意思可知，作者“我”的纳税工作生涯始于中学，那时“我”在一家烘焙厂工作了整
整三天。显然此空表示在复活节时“我”朋友父亲的工厂就会做（make）小兔子蛋糕。故选C。 B
ordered 订购 D reserved 预定
42. A 根据文章的意思，“我”朋友父亲的工厂会把生产的蛋糕送到Cleveland 的所有商店（stores）去出
售。 D。 citizens 市民
43. D 根据空后的“during our spring break”可知，春假是一个短暂的（temporary）工作。generous 大多
的，慷慨的；financial 经济的；technical 技术的，均不符合文章的意思。
44. A 根据此句的意思可知，在春假的时候，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子来临时帮忙，在这段时间，除了
听我最喜欢的唱片，我没有别的计划（plan）。problem 问题；excuse 借口，原谅；hobby 爱好。故选
A。
45. B 从前后的语境可判断出，“我”可以挣（earn）最低工资。
46. A 根据文章的语境，“我”将看看工厂是如何工作的（work）。 B closed 关闭 D survived 幸存
47. B 根据句子的意思，由于我父母觉得这是个好主意，就打电话给Betsy 的爸爸，征得他们的同意
（permission）。而ambition 雄心；志气；抱负；experience 经验；经历；invitation 邀请，均不符合
文章的意思。
48. C 根据下文的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.”等，可判断
出，“我们”在工厂的任务（role）很简单。
49. D 根据前面的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.”可知，我们
是在传送带上把小兔子蛋糕移开（remove）。其他选项均不符合文章的意思。
50. A 根据句子的意思，此处表示“这比听起来要艰难（harder）多了。”
51. B 根据下文的“the cakes pile up”表示“蛋糕就会堆起来”，显然这是由于速度慢下来的原因，故选
B，意思是“慢下来”。而calm down 平静下来；stay on 继续；坚持；move on 继续前进，均不符合
文章的意思。
52. C 根据文章的意思，此处表示“比我所意料（expect）的有更多的压力”。A indicated 表明；指出
B。 witnessed 目睹
53. B 根据上文的意思，显然我的父亲会笑着（smile）告诉我一些道理。 C. hesitated 犹豫
54. D 根据句子的意思，此处表示杂货店老板的儿子在Bernardsville 分送（deliver）食物。
55. D 根据句子的意思，他告诉我，这种工作能让你珍惜（appreciate）自己赚的钱，并尊重那些做这些工
作的人。而withdraw 收回，撤退，撤消；donate 捐赠；receive 接到，收到，均不符合文章的语境。
Passage 12
（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times,and has even learned to
____
4 1____
different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor".
The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a ____
4 2____
However,he is more devoted to his “___
4 3____
"than any
real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the
____
4 4____
，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____
4 5____
the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave
him the ____
4 6____
of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the ____
4 7____
of the beggars.
“I often ____
4 8____
them to drink alcohol. Once they were ____
4 9____
,they began to talk a lot,"Wang
said. “I'd then ____
5 0____
myself to use the toilet, ____
5 1____
what the beggars said, and send the
____
5 2____
to my teammates.”
Wang，who is often in ____
5 3____
situations， is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close
enough, no criminal can ____
5 4____
from me," he said.
Wang's ___
5 5____
won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of
Merit.Paris.
41. A. teach
B. compare
C. assess
D. speak
42. A. lawyer
B. doctor
C. policeman
D. businessman
43. A. role
B. study
C. family
D. audience
44. A. minor
B. case
C. future
D. question
45. A. interviewed
B. joined
C. arrested
D. assisted
46. A. challenge
B. experience
C. appearance
D. freedom
47. A. vote
B. sympathy
C. permission
D. trust
48. A. invited
B. forced
C. helped
D. expected
49. A. drunk
B. deserted
C. bored
D. lost
50. A. guide
B. persuade
C. excuse
D. allow
51. A. refer to
B. note down
C. ask about
D. miss out
52. A. plan
B. agreement
C. direction
D. information
53. A. awkward
B. dangerous
C. unfortunate
D. strange
54. A. separate
B. recover
C. escape
D. hear
55. A. courage
B. honesty
C. kindness
D. optimism
【答案】41—45 DCABB 46—50 CDAAC 51—55 BDBCA
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的38 年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方
言，不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。
【详解】
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的38 年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让
他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A.teach 教授；B.compare 比较；C.assess 评估； D.speak 讲话 。根据
“Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填D。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位60 岁的老人不是演员，而是警察 。A.lawyer 律师；B.doctor 医生；
C.policeman 警察；D.businessman 商人。根据“To look into the ，Wang disguised（伪
装）himself”以及“including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.”可知，王先生是
一名警察。故填C。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色”。A.role 角色；B.study
学习； C.family 家庭；D.audience 观众 。根据“than any real actor.”可知，王投身于演员的角色中。故填
A。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.minor 未成年人，辅修；
B.case 情况,案件；C.future 未来；D.question 问题 。根据“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen
goods with the help of some beggars. ”可知，这是一起犯罪案件。故填B。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.interviewed 采访；
B.joined 加入；C.arrested 逮捕；D.assisted 协助。根据“To look into the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很
快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.challenge 挑战；B.experience 经历；C.appearance 出现，外表； D.freedom 自
由 。根据“ Dirty shorts and old shoes”可知，这是描述外表。故填C。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很
快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.vote 投票；B.sympathy 同情；C.permission 批准；D.trust 信任。根据“ his
convincing dialect soon won him the”可知，他的方言讲得好，赢得乞丐们信任。故填D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A.invited
邀请；B.forced 强迫；C.helped 帮助；D.expected 期待。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，为了套话，王
先生请他们喝酒。故填A。
49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。
A.drunk 喝醉的； B.deserted 抛弃的； C.bored 无聊的；D.lost 失去的 。根据“them to drink alcohol”可
知，话多是在喝醉后。故填A。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。
A.guide 引导；B.persuade 劝说； C.excuse 找借口；D.allow 允许 。根据“and send the to my
teammates.”可知，为了发送出信息，王借口去厕所。故填C。
51.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队
友。A.refer to 指的是；B.note down 作记录; C.ask about 询问；D.miss out 错过，遗漏。根据“what the
beggars said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言记下来。故填B。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。
A.plan 计划；B.agreement 同意；C.direction 指导；D.information 信息。根据“what the beggars said, ”可
知，这是重要信息。故填D。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王是经常在危险的情况下,也是一个柔道大师。A.awkward 尴尬的；
B.dangerous 危险的； C.unfortunate 不幸的；D.strange 奇怪的 。根据“ no criminal can
from me,"”可知，经常处于犯罪分子中，这是很危险的情况。故填B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我离得够近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他说。A.separate 分离；
B.recover 恢复； C.escape 逃避；D.hear 听到。根据“ is also a judo （柔道） master. ”可知，身为柔道大
师，他不放过罪犯。故填C。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的勇气为他赢得了许多荣誉，包括一枚全国五一劳动奖章和11 项嘉奖。
A.courage 勇气；B.honesty 诚实；C.kindness 善良；D.optimism 乐观。根据“Wang disguised（伪装）
himself”可知，王乔装打扮混入罪犯团伙，勇气可嘉。故填A。
Passage 13
（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is
just a window. The 41
is obvious. If we 42
it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43
. It will drive
us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44
. But our insisting it’s 45
a window has kept them from
46
millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47
and discover that everything they’ve always known about
windows is a 48
.
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the
lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical（比
喻） meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54
they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity（机会） of some sort, and 55 opening the door and
taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is, ＂What if it isn’t a
57 opportunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59
repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life, be they
real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.
41. A. relief
B. target
C. reason
D. case
42. A. admit
B. believe
C. mean
D. realize
43. A. gradually
B. constantly
C. temporarily
D. casually
44. A. result
B. danger
C. method
D. truth
45. A. merely
B. slightly
C. hardly
D. partly
46. A. reviewing
B. approving
C. receiving
D. attempting
47. A. win out
B. give up
C. wake up
D. stand out
48. A. dream
B. lie
C. fantasy
D. fact
49. A. parents
B. twins
C. colleagues
D. teachers
50. A. restrictions
B. explanations
C. differences
D. consequences
51. A. demand
B. fear
C. desire
D. doubt
52. A. physical
B. biological
C. spiritual
D. behavioral
53. A. traditional
B. important
C. double
D. original
54. A. life
B. time
C. reply
D. history
55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to
C. regardless of
D. instead of
56. A. get hold of
B. stare at
C. knock on
D. make use of
57. A. real
B. Typical
C. similar
D. limited
58. A. safety rule
B. comfort zone
C. bottom line
D. top secret
59. A. delay
B. regret
C. enjoy
D. accept
60. A. hurry
B. decide
C. hesitate
D. intend
【答案】 41—45 CABDA 46—50 DCBAD 51—55 BCBAD 56—60 BACDC
【导语】在生活中，父母可以向孩子撒谎吗?如果父母对孩子撒谎有可能会对孩子造成精神上的伤害。
【详解】
41.C 结合上下文可知，作者夫妇告诉孩子们那扇滑动玻璃门只是一扇窗户，而对孩子们撒谎的原因是想
要阻止他们出去，这个“原因”是显而易见的。
42.A 作者夫妇向孩子们撒谎，否认sliding glass door 是一扇门，因为如果他们“承认”这一事实，孩子
们就会要求打开门出去。
43. B 由下一句It will drive us crazy 和最后一句中的 millions of requests to open the door 可知，孩子
们会“不断地”要求打开门出去。
44.D 根据此句中的apparently，以及下一句开头的but 可知，孩子们显然知道“事实”，但是作者夫妇坚
持那是一扇窗的说法还是阻止了孩子们想要出去的意图。
44. A 根据第一段第一句中的just a window 可知，此空选merely。
45. D 与上文提到的they’ll want to go outside constantly 对应可知，此处应为attempt millions of
requests to open the door,即"总是试图求打开门”。
47.C 根据此空后的discover 以及事情发展的逻辑顺序可知，孩子们终有一天会“醒悟”并发现事实。
48.B 上文一直在叙述作者夫妇向孩子们撒谎，而终有一天孩子们会发现父母关于“门”的说法是一个
“谎言”。
49.A 本文通篇都在讲述“父母”是否应对孩子撒谎及其对孩子的影响。
50.D 本段主要讲述了父母对孩子撒谎可能会对孩子造成不好的影响，这是对孩子撒谎带来的“后果”
51.B 根据最后一段第一句 Maybe it's an unreasonable fear 可知此空填fear。
52.C 根据此空后的内容可知，作者担心关于“门”的谎言会对孩子的认知产生影响，让孩子对生活中像
“门可以打开”这种确定无疑的事实产生怀疑;当机会出现的时候，孩子也会对这是不是机会产生疑虑。这
种影响是无形的、看不见的，是对孩子“精神或心灵上的”伤害。
53.B 本段中，作者将“机会”比喻为“门”，而生活中的机会对于每个人来说都是“重要的”，因此，
在生活中，门和窗有着“重要的”比喻意义。
54.A 根据最后一段最后一句中的Then when they come to other doors in life ，be they real or
metaphorical 在现实生活中，无论他们遇到真实的还是比喻的门......可知，此处指如果他们在以后的“生
活”中遇到“比喻的门”即机会时会怎样。
55.D 根据__56
空前后的just 和wonder 可知，孩子们“没有"打开门去抓住机会。
56. B 根据空后 it and wonder, "What if it isn't a door?" That is, "What if it isn't a 57_
opportunity?”
可知，孩子们产生了怀疑，并没有抓住机会，只是“盯着”那扇“门”。
57.A 父母坚持告诉孩子们“那只是一扇窗户”，让孩子们对“门”的真实性产生了怀疑，而当机会到来
时，孩子们也会对机会是否“真实”产生怀疑。
58.C 本段中作者表明了自己的态度，不论撒谎会对孩子造成伤害的担忧是否合理，是否会发生，父母都
不应对孩子撒谎，这是“底线”，是基本原则。
59.D 根据下一句可知，作者会告诉孩子“那是一扇门，但是现在还不能出去”，由此可知，作者认为自
己应该“接受”告知孩子们“门”的真相，尽管这意味着会不断拒绝孩子们出去的要求。
60.C 当父母不再向孩子们撒谎，那么当孩子们看到“门”的时候也不会怀疑，他们会没有“顾虑”地打
开门，走过去。与第三段倒数第二句中的stare at it and wonder 形成对比，此处要表达“没有疑虑，没有
顾虑”的意味。
Passage 14
（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be
41
to the public
because of Italy’s privacy laws,
42
working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he
stopped by the “after work auction（拍卖）”
43
by the Italian police where things
44
on the trains
were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would
look
45
above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder
46
until Nicolo finally won the
paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he
47
the paintings with him. He hung them above the
same table he had
48
from Turin. His son, age 15, who had
49
an art appreciation class, thought that
there was something
50
about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名)
“Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he
51
it, he only found “Bonnard," a French
52
he had
never heard of. He bought a book and was
53
to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the
same chair in the same
54
as his father’s painting.
"That’s the garden in our picture,"Nicolo’s son told his father. They
55
learned that the painting they
56
was called "The Girl with Two Chairs." They
57
the other painting and learned that it was
58
Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog." The
59
called the Italian Culture
Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were
60
and worth as much as $50 million.
41. A. attached
B. allocated
C. exposed
D. submitted
42. A. finished
B. delayed
C. considered
D. tried
43. A. attended
B. reserved
C. cancelled
D. run
44. A. shown
B. found
C. kept
D. hidden
45. A. nice
B. familiar
C. useful
D. real
46. A. battled
B. debated
C. discussed
D. bargained
47. A. held
B. left
C. registered
D. brought
48. A. chosen
B. received
C. ordered
D. moved
49. A. missed
B. failed
C. taken
D. led
50. A. concrete
B. unusual
C. unappealing
D. natural
51. A. appreciated
B. touched
C. researched
D. witnessed
52. A. painter
B. designer
C. author
D. actor
53. A. expected
B. surprised
C. anxious
D. ready
54. A. room
B. kitchen
C. hall
D. garden
55. A. apparently
B. confidently
C. eventually
D. temporarily
56. A. owned
B. borrowed
C. sold
D. stole
57. A. collected
B. cleaned
C. framed
D. studied
58. A. suitably
B. actually
C. rightly
D. specifically
59. A. girl
B. artist
C. family
D. police
60. A. copies
B. originals
C. models
D. presents
【答案】41—45 CADBA 46—50 ADDCB 51—55 CABDC 56—60 ADBCB
【导语】Nicolo 下班后路过一个拍卖活动，通过竞价以32 美元买到了两幅画。多年后，他的儿子发现这两
幅画的作者竟然是两位法国著名画家。
【详解】
41.C 下文提到了意大利的隐私法律，因此Nicolo 的真实姓名不能被公之于众。expose 意为“使暴露”。
42. A 根据... he stopped by "after work auction"知, Nicolo 结工下班了。stop by 意为“顺道造访某地”。
43.D Nicolo 经常在下班后参加拍卖活动，这种拍卖活动是由意大利警察组织的。run 意为“组织;举办”
44.B 由Italian police 可知，这些被拍卖的物品是在火车上找到的。
45.A 第二段提到Nicolo 把这两幅画挂在桌子上方，说明此时他看到这两幅画的时候，觉得这两幅画挂在
餐桌上方很合适，所以nice 符合语境。
46. A 根据 Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32 可知, Nicolo 和另外一个出价的人互相竞价，最后Nicolo
赢了，battled 意为“争夺”，符合语境。
47.D 根据 the paintings with him 可知，Nicolo 把这两幅画从都灵带到了西西里岛。
48.D 由the same table 和from Turin 可知，Nicolo 把那张餐桌搬到了西西里岛的家里。
49. C 下文... thought that there was something ... about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair 可
知,Nicolo 的儿子对艺术有所了解，说明Nicolo 的儿子上过艺术鉴赏课。
50.B Nicolo 的儿子后来调查画的由来，说明他认为这幅画有不寻常的地方。
51.C 根据下文he only found “Bonnard” 可知，Nicolo 的儿子对这幅画的署名又进行了研究。
52.A 在绘画作品上署名的是画家，所以选painter。
53.B 根据the same chair 可推测，当Nicolo 的儿子发现了一张艺术家Pierre Bonnard 坐在同样的椅子上的
照片时，他很惊讶。
54. D 根据三段第一句 That's the garden in our picture 可 garden。
55.C 下文提到了这幅画的名字是“The Girl with Two Chairs"，说明Nicolo 和他的儿子后来又对这幅画进行
了研究，所以eventually 符合语境。
56.A 根据第一段可知，这幅名为“The Girl with Two Chairs"的画是Nicolo 在拍卖活动中竞价买到的，这幅
画属于Nicolo。
57.D 下文提到了另外一幅画的名字，说明Nicolo 和他的儿子后来又研究了另外一幅画，所以选studied。
58. B 根据Paul Gauguin's "Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.可知actually(实际上)符合语境。
59.C 上文提到的是Nicolo 和他的儿子在研究这两幅画的相关信息，由此可知是这家人给意大利文化部打
电话确认这两幅画的真假，因此family 符合语境。
60.B 根据 worth as much as $50 million 可知，这两幅作品是真迹。
Passage 15
（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection,
41
can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 42
their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll 43
that they
left it in the changing room, create havoe(混乱) and then
44
it had been in their car all the time. They’ll
have out half the
45
in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a
4 6
colour. I do know
how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep
47
.
I remember the first really
4 8
customer we had at Covent Garden. She was
49
absolutely
everything, nothing was right and I was rather
50
that she became a “regular”. After a while, she
51
for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat
52
, and since she’d found it too much to cope with(应对), she’d taken it out on
53
people.
That taught me a valuable 54
and I pass it on to the people who
55
in the market. Don’t take it
56
. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think "Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not
57
.” Always water it down and don’t let your ego(自我) get
58
. If you do, you won’t be able to
59
it
and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that
60
everyone’s day.
41. A. shopkeepers
B. customers
C. salespersons
D. receptionists
42. A. saying
B. pretending
C. guessing
D. replying
43. A. agree
B. promise
C. imagine
D. swear
44. A. forget
B. decide
C. discover
D. assume
45. A. foods
B. catalogues
C. belongings
D. goods
46. A. particular
B. different
C. matching
D. natural
47. A. fighting
B. smiling
C. waiting
D. changing
48. A. generous
B. polite
C. careless
D. difficult
49. A. curious about
B. displeased with
C. patient with
D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed
B. delighted
C. surprised
D. embarrassed
51. A. searched
B. argued
C. prayed
D. apologized
52. A. by chance
B. by herself
C. on purpose
D. on duty
53. A. rude
B. such
C. other
D. lonely
54. A. lesson
B. trick
C. skill
D. trade
55. A. work
B. shop
C. meet
D. quarrel
56. A. kindly
B. secretly
C. personally
D. casually
57. A. ready
B. away
C. up
D. well
58. A. out of sight
B. in the way
C. behind the scene
D. above the law
59. A. stress
B. expect
C. handle
D. blame
60. A. ruins
B. makes
C. starts
D. saves
【答案】41—45 BADCD 46—50 ABDBC 51—55 DBCAA 56—60 CDBCA
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者介绍了一位因与丈夫离婚而万般挑剔的顾客的故事及作者从此事中
得到的经验教训。
【详解】
41.B 根据上文I care deeply about my customers 可知，虽然作者关心她的顾客，但有时候顾客也让人受
不了。
42.A 由下文可知，作者在列举顾客让人受不了的例子。比如，顾客声称手提包被偷了，saying 符合语境。
43.D 根据上文可知顾客说手提包被偷了，下文顾客说包落在更衣室了，-般这种情况下都是信誓旦旦地
说，swear 符合语境。
44.C 根据下文it had been in their car all the time 可知，顾客最终发现他们的包一直在车里，而不是被
偷了或是落在更衣室了，discover 符合语境。
45.D 根据下文shop,the only style 及colour 可知，顾客来作者店里光顾应该是来买东西，goods 符合语
境。
46.A 作者在此列举顾客的挑剔行为，偏偏想要店里没有的某个颜色的款式。particular 意为“特定的”，符
合语境。
47.B 作者理解自已店员的苦恼，但她还是劝说他们面对顾客时需要保持微笑。
48. D 根据下文 absolutely everything, nothing was right ... 可知者介绍一位挑剔的顾客，difficult 意为
“(人)难以讨好的”，符合语境。
49.B 根据 nothing was right 可知做什么都不对，做什么都不能让这位顾客满意，displeased with 符合语
境。
50.C 根据上文可知这位顾客很挑剔，对什么都不满意，但却became“regular”，经常光顾作者这个店，这
让作者感到惊讶，surprised 符合语境。
51. D 由下文 the way she behaved at the beginning 可知位顾客为之前的行为道歉。
52.B 根据上文 she split up with her husband 可知这位顾客和丈夫离婚了，独自居住。
53.C 这位顾客与丈夫离婚了，难以承受，因此拿别人出气，在作者店里发泄不满。
54.A 原来这位顾客挑剔的行为背后是有原因的，这让作者理解了顾客的行为，收获了经验教训。
55.A 作者是在Covent Garden 开店的商人，她将她领悟到的传递给在市场上工作的人。
56. C 根据 下文If a customer is rude or difficult, just think "Maybe she's had a row with her
husband....”可知顾客不礼貌或挑剔也许是有原因的，并不是针对店员。take sth personally 意为“为某事
感到自责或不快”。
57.D 此处列举顾客遇到的不好的事情，比如与丈夫吵架、孩子生病等。well 意为“健康的”，符合语境。
58.B 作者劝说大家即使遇到挑剔的顾客，也要缓和语气，不要影响到自己。In the way 意为“妨碍”，符
合语境。
59. C 根据下文 the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene 可知，事情发展到你无法应付，handle
符合语境。
60. A 根据上文 you won't be able to 及 the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene 可知，应该
是毁了大家一天的情绪，ruin 符合语境。
Passage 16
（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They
41
with them lots of waste. The
42
might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are
disappearing, changing the
43
of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I’m
44
about the place — other destinations are described as ＂purer＂ natural
experiences.
However, I soon
45
that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of
46
among tons
of rubbish. I find a
47
mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges
are
48
but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be
49
.
The best of a Kilimanjaro
50
, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are
51
as spiritual
places by many cultures. This
52
is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as
53
go through five
ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000
meters,
54
lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather
55
— low clouds envelope the
mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I
56
twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above
4, 000 meters is the highland
57
: gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks.
58
you climb into an arctic-like
zone with
59
snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro
60
its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere
of peace? I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep
B. mix
C. connect
D. bring
42. A. stories
B. buildings
C. crowds
D. reporters
43. A. position
B. age
C. face
D. name
44. A. silent
B. skeptical
C. serious
D. crazy
45. A. discover
B. argue
C. decide
D. advocate
46. A. equipment
B. grass
C. camps
D. stones
47. A. remote
B. quiet
C. all
D. clean
48. A. new
B. special
C. significant
D. necessary
49. A. paying off
B. spreading out
C. blowing up
D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere
B. experience
C. experiment
D. sight
51. A. studied
B. observed
C. explored
D. regarded
52. A. view
B. quality
C. reason
D. purpose
53. A. scientists
B. climbers
C. locals
D. officials
54. A. holding on to
B. going back to
C. living up to
D. giving way to
55. A. changes
B. clears
C. improves
D. permits
56. A. match
B. imagine
C. count
D. add
57. A. village
B. desert
C. road
D. lake
58. A. Obviously
B. Easily
C. Consequently
D. Finally
59. A. permanent
B. little
C. fresh
D. artificial
60. A. enjoy
B. deserve
C. save
D. acquire
【答案】41—45 DCCBA 46—50 CDCAB 51—55 DABDA 56—60 CBDAB
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改
观。
【详解】
41.D 根据空前一句提到每年大约40000 人试图攀登非洲最高峰-- 乞力马扎罗山，空后一句提到......可能破
坏这一地方的美丽，可知此空选bring，即登山者带来了大量的垃圾。
42.C 根据上文可知登山者带来了大量的垃圾，所以登山者可能破坏了这一地区的美丽。crowds 此处意为
“一群......的人”，照应了首句的40,000 people.
43.C 综合第一段，作者描述了乞力马扎罗山因为人类活动所受到的影响，此句又提到冰川正在消失，这
改变了乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face 此处意为“外观;面貌”。
44.B 从破折号后的内容“其他目的地都被描述为更加纯净的自然之旅”与作者听到的乞力马扎罗山受到
污染的消息形成鲜明对比，作者对此感到怀疑----为什么别的地方是干净，而乞力马扎罗山却被污染了呢?
45.A 上一段提到作者对于有关乞力马扎罗山被污染的消息感到怀疑，本句开头however 表示转折，作者很
快发现事实并非如此。
46.C 作者很快发现自那些令人不安的报道以来，情况已经发生了很大的改变。那些报道都是关于乞力马
扎罗山的污染，而登山者必然是在满是垃圾的山上搭帐篷露营。
47.D 根据下文提到的在营地和沿途中都有卫生间，可知作者看到的是一座环境“干净”的山。
48.C 根据句中的but 可知其前后是转折关系，再根据上一句提到的“干净”的山，可知此句意为:环境保护
的难度虽然巨大，但是坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎见效了。
49.A 根据上文可知此处是说坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局为环境保护所做的努力有了回报。pay off 意为“成
功;奏效”;spread out 意为“展开”;blow up 意为“爆炸”;fade away 意为“(人)衰弱;病重死亡”。
50.B 本段主要描述了乞力马扎罗山从山脚到山顶的五种生态系统，第一句作为本段的主题句，可知作者
在此处点明攀登乞力马扎罗山最棒的体验并不在于登顶(而是体验登山过程中五种生态系统的变化)。
experience 意为“经历;体验”
51.D 在诸多文化里，山都有着某种精神的意义。be regarded as 被视为......
52.A 根据上一句提到的很多文化将山视为有着精神层面的意义，这是一种“观点”，这种观点在乞力马
扎罗山尤为明显。
53.B 只有登山者在登山途中，在短短几公里的空间内可以经历五种生态系统。
54.D 这五种生态系统，从下至上，在山脚是雨林，到海拔3000 米的时候，雨林突然变成了大量的低矮植
物。give way to 本意为“给......让路”，此处指“被......替代”;hold on to 意为“保住;不送或不卖”;go
back to 意为“回到;重新开始”;live up to 意为“符合;不辜负”。
55.A 从山脚的雨林到海拔3000 米的低矮植物，再往上变成了被低低的云团笼罩着的、长满茂密草丛的山
坡，生态系统发生了变化，气候自然也要发生改变。
56.C 此句中的shade 是一大陷阱，整段描写的是乞力马扎罗山生态系统的多样性，从雨林到低矮植物再到
茂密草丛，虽然都是绿色，但也各不相同，因此此句是指从作者所站的地方就能“数”出12 种色度不同
的绿色。shade 在此意为“浓淡深浅;色度”。
57.B 根据空后描述的砾石，石头和岩石，可知海拔4000 米以上就是高原荒漠。
58.D 本段前面的内容已经描述了四种不同的生态系统，此处应该要到达乞力马扎罗山的最高处了，“最
终”登山者进入了一个类似北极的区域。
59.A 根据空前“一个类似北极的地区”可知，这个地区终年积雪。permanent 意为“永久的”。
60.B 纵观全文，文章开头讲到有报道称乞力马扎罗山受到污染，作者提出了质疑，并发现其环境污染问
题已经有了很大改观;随后以大段文字描写了乞力马扎罗山奇妙的生态系统，因此作者最后得出结论，乞力
马扎罗山是否挤满了破坏其宁静气氛的游客呢?这一说法是否名副其实?答案是否定的。deserve one's
reputation 意为“名不虚传;实至名归”。
Passage 17
（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip
home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers 4 1
about the small dog he had seen 42
alongside the
road. He had 43
to coax（哄）the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44
.
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45
dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the
two drove 46
. After a long and careful 47
, Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48
away.
Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49
. It
just started licking（舔）Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50
as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 51
number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52
the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53
their dog.
Jeff had 54
in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog
off. Jeff searched 55
for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to
Michigan. "It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 56
enough to go to that kind of
57
," says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue 58
.
"I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59
to it as I am to my dogs," says Ehlers.
"If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 60
to go that extra mile."
41. A. read
B. forgot
C. thought
D. heard
42. A. fighting
B. trembling
C. eating
D. sleeping
43. A. tried
B. agreed
C. promised
D. regretted
44. A. calmed down
B. stood up
C. rolled over
D. run off
45. A. injured
B. stolen
C. lost
D. rescued
46. A. home
B. past
C. back
D. on
47. A. preparation
B. explanation
C. test
D. search
48. A. cautiously
B. casually
C. skillfully
D. angrily
49. A. surprise
B. joy
C. hesitation
D. anxiety
50. A. predicted
B. advertised
C. believed
D. recorded
51. A. house
B. phone
C. street
D. car
52. A. called
B. copied
C. counted
D. remembered
53. A. fed
B. adopted
C. found
D. cured
54. A. hunted
B. skied
C. lived
D. worked
55. A. on purpose
B. on time
C. in turn
D. in vain
56. A. cares
B. sees
C. suffers
D. learns
57. A. place
B. trouble
C. waste
D. extreme
58. A. service
B. plan
C. effort
D. team
59. A. equal
B. allergic
C. grateful
D. close
60. A. suitable
B. proud
C. wise
D. willing
【答案】41—45 CBADC 46—50 CDABB 51—55 BACAD 56—60 ABCDD
【导语】Ehlers 在打猎时在路边发现了一只走丢的小狗，他试图哄它到自己身边来，未能成功。回家后，
Ehlers 还是很担心这只小狗。四天后他和朋友又出去找到了这只小狗，并且联系上了它的主人。
41.C 第一段最后一句to coax the dog to him but, frightened, ...提到了小狗，说明在打猎回家的路上，
Ehlers 想起了他在路边看到过的那只小狗。
42.B 根据第一段最后一句话中的frightened 可知，小狗见到打猎的Ehlers 时很害怕，由此可推知当时小狗
见到猎人受到惊吓而发抖，所以选trembling.
43. A 根据二段Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him 可知，这一次Ehlers 试图(tried)
把小狗哄到他身边来，但是没有成功。
44.D but 表示转折，说明Ehlers 没能把小狗哄到他身边来。小狗跑掉了(run off)
45.C 小狗自己跑掉了，不知去向，所以选lost。
46.C 根据第二段第一句Back home 可知，Ehlers 已经回到了家中。再根据Greg saw, across a field, the
dog ... 可推测Ehlers 又和他的朋友Greg 开车返回到小狗出现过的地方去找它。
47. D 根据下文Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ...可知,Greg 发现了小狗。所以空白处应填
search。
48.A 根据第二段倒数第二句中的Nervousness 和fear 可知，小狗刚开始感到紧张和害怕，所以它应该是
很谨慎小心地离开了。
49.B 空白处下一句It just started licking Ehlers' face (小狗开始舔Ehlers 的脸)说明小狗见到Ehlers 很高
兴，之前的紧张和害怕都没有了。
50.B 根据第三段第二句The ad had a...可知选advertised。
51.B 根据下文to tell them he had ...可知，广告上有电话号码，Ehlers 才能告诉Jeff 和Lisa 关于狗的消
息。
52.A 根据下文to tell them he had ...可知, Ehlers 给Jeff and Lisa 了电话。
53.C 根据第二段的内容可知，Ehlers 和他的朋友Greg 找到了小狗，所以选found.
54. A 根据下文but the gun shots had scared the dog off 中的gun shots 可知,Jeff 在感恩节前带着他的
小狗Rosie 一起打猎。
55.D 小狗Rosie 是Ehlers 和他的朋友Greg 找到的。小狗的主人Jeff 曾经找过它，但是没有找到，所以选
in vain(白费力气)
56.A 根据文章第二段第一句话Ehlers was troubled by...以及四天后他又和朋友Greg 一起去寻找那只小
狗，说明Ehlers 非常担心这只小狗。
57.B Ehlers 已经回到了家里，但是还是很担心小狗，决定和朋友一起出去寻找小狗，经过长时间的仔细
寻找，终于找到了那只小狗。trouble 意为“麻烦;额外的努力”符合语境。
58.C Ehlers 第一次见到小狗时，想哄它到自己身边来，没有成功。过了几天，又专门和朋友返回去寻
找，终于找到了它，整个过程很费心，所以选effort。
59.D 根据Iam tomy dogs 可知选close。狗和主人的关系都是很亲密的，因此Ehlers 认为不管是谁丢失了
小狗Rosie，他们可能都与小狗Rosie 的关系很亲密，就像他和自己的狗一样。
60.D Ehlers 发自内心地关心走丢了的小狗Rosie，并且花了一番功夫终于找到了它。因此Ehlers 希望如果
有一天他的狗走丢了，他也希望有人能像他那样心甘情愿地、不怕麻烦地去寻找他的狗。
Passage 18
（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight
from late September to mid-March—
41
six months out of the year.
Of course, we
4 2
it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office.
“We see the sky is
4 3
, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a
4 4
day.”
But that
4 5
when a system of high-tech
4 6
was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring
peaks（山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday, residents（居民）of Rjukan
4 7
their very first ray of
winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to
4 8
. The mirrors are
controlled by a computer that
4 9
them to turn along with the sun throughout the
50
and to close
during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam（束）of light onto the town’s central
5 1
, creating
an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light
52
, Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been
53
there and standing there and taking
54
of each other," Ro says. "The town
square was totally
55
. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all
56
the sunshine at the same time.
57
, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s
58
residents.
"It's not very
59
,” she says, "but it is enough when we are
60
.”
41. A. only
B. obviously
C. nearly
D. precisely
42. A. fear
B. believe
C. hear
D. notice
43. A. empty
B. blue
C. high
D. wide
44. A. cloudy
B. normal
C. different
D. warm
45. A. helped
B. changed
C. happened
D. mattered
46. A. computers
B. telescopes
C. mirrors
D. cameras
47. A. remembered
B. forecasted
C. received
D. imagined
48. A. repair
B. risk
C. rest
D. use
49. A. forbids
B. directs
C. predicts
D. follows
50. A. day
B. night
C. month
D. year
51. A. library
B. hall
C. square
D. street
52. A. appeared
B. returned
C. faded
D. stopped
53. A. driving
B. hiding
C. camping
D. sitting
54. A. pictures
B. notes
C. care
D. hold
55. A. new
B. full
C. flat
D. silent
56. A. block
B. avoid
C. enjoy
D. store
57. A. Instead
B. However
C. Gradually
D. Similarly
58. A. nature-loving
B. energy-saving
C. weather-beaten
D. sun-starved
59. A. big
B. clear
C. cold
D. easy
60. A. trying
B. waiting
C. watching
D. sharing
【答案】41—45 CDBAB 46—50 CCDBA 51—55 CADAB 56—60 CBDAD
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。挪威山谷小镇Rjukan 受地形影响，一年有近六个月无阳光照射。当地政府在
山顶架设巨镜，利用反光原理将光线反射到小镇中心广场，让民众能够享受到自然阳光。
【详解】
41.C 根据上文late September to mid-March 可知，Rjukan 小镇一年中有将近六个月的时间没有阳光，
nearly 符合语境。
42. D 根据FX We see the sky is ... but down in the valley it's darker ...可知，他们注意到了这一现象。
43.B 根据下文but down in the valley it's darker 可知，即使是蓝天，阳光
照耀，山谷下面却很暗，blue 符合语境。
44.A 根据上文but down in the valley it's darker 可知，光线暗，就像阴天一样，cloudy 符合语境。
45.B 根据下文可知情况有所改变，changed 符合语境。
46. C 根据下文to reflect sunlight from ... 和 reflective boards ... 及The mirrors are controlled by a
computer ...可知，引入了高科技的反射镜。
47.C 根文 creating an area of ... When the light ... residents gathered together 可知，Rjukan 居民迎来了他们
冬日的第一束阳光，received 符合语境。
48.D 根据全文可知利用镜面反射原理，用反射镜将山顶的阳光反射到山谷下面，put ...to use 意为“应
用......”，符合语境。
49.B 根据下文to turn along with the sun 可知，反射镜由电脑控制，随着太阳光线转动而转动，B 项
directs 符合语境。
50.A 因为只有9 月底到3 月中旬这段时间没有阳光，故排除C 和D 项，太阳在白天才有，因此A 项day
符合语境。
51.C 根据下文The town square was totally...可知，反射镜将阳光反射到小镇的中心广场上。52.A 时候，因
此appeared 符合语境。
53. D 根据上文 Rjukan residents gathered together 和下文 standing there 可知，小镇居民都聚集在广场上，
或坐着或站着，A 项driving，B 项hiding 和C 项camping 都不符合语境，只有B 项 sitting 符合语境。
54. A 根据上文 Rjukan residents gathered together 和下文I think almost all the people in the town were there
可知，整个小镇居民都来广场享受他们第一束冬日阳光，这是第一次，一次大事件，大家都互相拍照留
念，pictures 符合语境。
55. B 根据下文I think almost all the people in the town were there 可知,几乎小镇上的所有人都聚集在广场，
full 符合语境。
56. C 根据下文the new light feels like more than enough 可知,约 600 平方米的阳光照不全小镇，因此所有
居民不能同时享受阳光。
57.B 根据上文cannot all 和下文more than enough 可知，此处表示转折，however 符合语境。
58.D 根据上文可知小镇一年中有大半年没有阳光，由此可知sun-starved(缺乏阳光的;急需阳光的)符合语
境。
59. A 由上文 the new light feels like more than enough 和下文 but it is enough when...可知，反射的阳光面
积不够大，无法照射每一个人，big 符合语境。
60.D 阳光面积不是很大，但是足够大家共享，sharing 符合语境。
Passage 19
（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项。
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free”
course, called Thinking Chess，for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t
want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t 43 enough
about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which
45 I would be learning from one of the game's 46
. I could hardly wait to 47 him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him;
he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the
class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our
future professions and, 52 . to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served
me well beyond the 54 .
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he 55 me: “The absolute most
important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58
a situation, process what your opponent (对手）is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.”
These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.
41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down
42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired
44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor
45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant
46. A. fastest
B. easiest
C. best
D. rarest
47. A. interview
B. meet
C. challenge
D. beat
48. A. chance
B. qualification
C.honor
D.job
49. A. real
B. perfect
C. clear
D. possible
50. A. attend
B. pass
C. skip
D. observe
51. A. add
B.expose
C. apply
D. compare
52. A. eventually
B. naturally
C. directly
D. normally
53. A. game
B. presentation
C. course
D. experiment
54. A. criterion
B. classroom
C. department
D. situation
55. A. taught
B. wrote
C. questioned
D. promised
56. A. fact
B. step
C. manner
D. skill
57. A. grades
B. decisions
C. impressions
D. comments
58. A. analyze
B. describe
C. rebuild
D. control
59. A. announce
B. signal
C. block
D. evaluate
60. A. role
B. desire
C. concern
D. behavior
【答案】 41--45 BCADD
46--50 CBDCB
51--55 CACBA
56--60 DBADA
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在大学期间上了免费的国际象棋课程，从教练那里学到很多受益终身的
技能。
【详解】
41.B 根据上文a“free”course 和下文谁不想省下几美元推断，作者迫不及待地接受了上课的念头。jump
at 意为“迫不及待地接受”，符合语境。
42.C 此处和上文a "free" course 呼应，能省钱。
43.A 根据上文可知，作者对免费上课能拿学分这件事很感兴趣，而且他想学象棋。此句是even if 引导的
让步状语从句，因此选择excited，表示即使对学分不感兴趣，教练也足以吸引他。
44.D 此处是指国际象棋课程的教练。
45.D 此空后是对上文an international grand master 的一步解释说明,mean (that)...意为“意味着”，符合
语境。46.C 根据上文教练是国际象棋大师可知，作者能师从这个项目最好的选手之一，故选择best，意为
“最好的人(或事物)”，符合语境。
47.B 根据上文，教练是国际象棋大师，作者能从中受益良多，因此作者迫不及待地想见到他，故选择
meet。48.D 根据上文returning to teach 可知，教练回到母校任职。
49.C introduction 一词提示教练向大家讲清楚学分不好挣。
50.B 根据下文的criteria 以及write a paper 可知此处是说如何顺利学完课程。
51.C what we would learn in class 和 our future professions 形成比, 把课堂所学应用于未来的职业中。
apply sth to sth 意为“把某事物应用于某事物”，符合语境。
52.A 把课堂所学应用于职业中，最终再应用于生活中，因此选择eventually.
53. C 此处指作者该“课程”得了A。文章第一段的a “free”course 亦有提示。
54.B 根据下文作者把课堂所学用于人生可知，作者学到的已经远远超越了课堂的范围。
55.A 下文内容都是教练在课上教给作者的。
56.D 作者学习的是国际象棋，再根据下文对下象棋的描述推断此处是在讲最重要的技巧。
57.B 根据下文下每一步棋你都要分析推断，最为重要的是作明智的决定。
58. A 此处是讲下棋时每一步都要分析局势，考虑对手的下法。
59.D 此处指通过分析局势，研究对手的下法，从而评估最好的走法。
60.A as a journalist 点明作者的社会角色。
Passage 20
（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two weeks earlier. my son . Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his mum when he was
three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him . So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he
wanted to come to visit me.
I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in
sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 .I realized one
kayak（皮划艇）was in 47 . “Something’s not 48 !” I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water.
I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking
arms with one of the instructors . I helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I
looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . “What’s his name ?” I asked
the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance.55 ,after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed
to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. “I just
want to say thank you,” he said, “You 58 my life !”
I still can’t believe what a 59 it was. I’m just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.
41.A. also
B. often
C. even
D. last
42.A. delight
B. relief
C. anger
D. worry
43.A. scared
B. shocked
C. thrilled
D. ashamed
44.A. talk
B. stay
C. meet
D. settle
45.A. bathed
B. clean
C. deep
D. formed
46.A. faster
B. closer
C. heavier
D. wiser
47.A. trouble
B. advance
C. question
D. battle
48.A. real
B. right
C. fair
D. fit
49.A. stared
B. sank
C. dived
D. fell
50.A. arguing
B. fighting
C. shouting
D. shaking
51.A. lead
B. persuade
C. carry
D. keep
52.A. happened
B. occurred
C. applied
D. appealed
53.A. sharp
B. pleasant
C. attractive
D. familiar
54.A. agreed
B. hesitated
C. doubted
D. knew
55.A. Fortunately
B. Frankly
C. Sadly
D. Suddenly
56.A. return
B. relax
C. speak
D. leave
57.A. joked
B. turned
C. listened D. pointed
58.A. created
B. honored
C. saved
D. guided
59.A. coincidence
B. change
C. pity
D. pain
60.A. on board
B. in time C. for sure
D. on purpose
【答案】 41—45 DACCA 46—50 BABCD 51—55 CBDDA 56—60 DBCAB
【导语】作者即将与分别了13 年的儿子相见。当他满怀兴奋之情早早地来到见面地点时，却碰到一桩意
外事件。他当即决定救人，不料最后竟然发现救助的正是自己的儿子!
【详解】
41.D 根据第一段前两句可知，两个星期前作者的儿子和他取得了联系。作者的儿子在3 岁的时候随母亲
去了英国，他们应该是多年没见了。last“最近，上次”符合语境。距作者上一次见到儿子已经有13 年了。
42.A 作者与儿子13 年未见，当收到儿子的邮件告知要来看他时自然是很高兴的，因此选delight。
43.C scared “害怕的";shocked “吃惊的";thrilled “非常兴奋的”;ashamed“内疚的，惭愧的”。根据第一段
可知作者即将要见到分别了13 年的儿子，再结合第二段第二句I arrived early at Byron Bay，作者早早地就
来到了见面的地点，可知他应该是感到非常兴奋的。
44.C 根据第一段最后一句 saying he wanted to come to visit me 可知，父子两人将见面，因此meet 符合语
境。
45.A be bathed in sunshine 是一个固定搭配，表示“沐浴在阳光中”
46.B 上一句提到一群人在距离岸边150 米远的地方划皮筏艇。根据下文可知，作者发现一艘皮筏艇出现
了意外情况，因此推测他需要更靠近一点才能注意到这些。
47. A 根据 I took off my T-shirt and ... 和 He was unconscious 可知选 trouble. in trouble “遇到了麻烦”;in
advance“提前";in question “正被讨论的;被怀疑的”;in battle“参加战役”些不对劲了。right“正常，情况良
好”。
48.B 根据上一句可知，有一艘皮筏艇遇到了麻烦，因此作者意识到事情有
49. C 根据I took off my T-shirt 和 into the water 可知，作者脱下T 恤衫,跳进了水中。dive“跳水”
50.D 根据下文He was unconscious (他已不省人事) 可排除选项A.arguing,选项B. fighting 和项C.
shouting。只有 shaking “颤抖，发抖"符合语境。
51. C 根据 Linking arms with one of the instructors 可知，作者和一位教练挽着胳膊将这个不省人事的年轻
人抱出了水面。
52.B 作者看了看这个年轻人的面孔，接着问起了他的名字，因此可推测此时作者应是想起了什么。
something occurred to sb 表示“某人突然想起某事”。happen to“遭到，遇到”;applyto“申请，对......有
效”;appeal to sb“对某人有吸引力，恳求某人”
53.D 根据后句作者询问教练落水者的姓名，以及第二段最后一句That stranger was my son 可知familiar
"熟悉的"符合语境.
54.D 根据第一段第一句Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben 和第二段中教练的回答:“Ben，” 可知，作者马上
就明白了(眼前这个年轻人就是自己的儿子)。
55. A 根据下一句 and later the family met up for dinner 可知,作者的儿子很快就被允许出院了。虽然刚刚遇
到了麻烦，但是能很快就离开医院也算幸运了。
56. D 根据上一空所填的 Fortunately 和 after a brief stay in hospital 可知,作者的儿子在医院待了很短的时
间就被允许出院了。
57.B 作者一家人聚在一起吃饭聊天，接着作者的儿子对他说了句感谢的话。turned“转身，转过头来”符
合语境。
58.C 根据第二段可知，作者救了他的儿子。
59.A 这是作者的一次偶然救人的经历，没想到救助的是本打算和自己见面的分别已久的儿子，这纯属巧
合，因此选coincidence。
60.B 作者为了和自己的儿子见面，早早地赶到了见面的地点，没想到发现了意外事故，成功救了自己的
儿子。因此in time“及时”符合语境。on board“在船上，在飞机上";for sure“无疑，肯定”;on purpose“故
意，有意地”。
Passage 21
（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say ＂
sorry,
41
number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams
42
a text that clearly wasn’t
intended for him, he did something
43
.
On March 19, Dennis got a group text
44
him that a couple he didn’t know were at the
hospital, waiting for the
45
of a baby.
＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,＂ Dennis
46
. The baby was born and
update texts were
47
quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her
48
, she didn’t
seem to realize that she was
49
the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ＂Well, I don’t
50
you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,＂ replied Dennis before asking which room
the new
51
were in.
Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his
52
! He turned up at the hospital
53
gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally
54
by the
unexpected visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we
55
it and the
gifts.＂
Teresa
56
a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website
57
by the
touching words: ＂What a
58
this young man was to our family! He was so
59
and kind
to do this.＂ The post has since gained the
60
of social media users all over the world, receiving
more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.
41. A. unlucky
B. secret
C. new
D. wrong
42. A. received
B. translated
C. copied
D. printed
43. A. reasonable
B. special
C. necessary
D. practical
44. A. convincing
B. reminding
C. informing
D. warning
45. A. wake-up
B. recovery
C. growth
D. arrival
46. A. responded
B. interrupted
C. predicted
D. repeated
47. A. coming in
B. setting out
C. passing down
D. moving around
48. A. opinion
B. anxiety
C. excitement
D. effort
49. A. comparing
B. exchanging
C. discussing
D. sharing
50. A. accept
B. know
C. believe
D. bother
51. A. parents
B. doctors
C. patients
D. visitors
52. A. dream
B. promise
C. agenda
D. principle
53. A. bearing
B. collecting
C. opening
D. making
54. A. discouraged
B. relaxed
C. astonished
D. defeated
55. A. admit
B. need
C. appreciate
D. expect
56. A. found
B. selected
C. developed
D. posted
57. A. confirmed
B. simplified
C. clarified
D. accompanied
58. A. pity
B. blessing
C. relief
D. problem
59. A. smart
B. calm
C. sweet
D. fair
60. A. sympathy
B. attention
C. control
D. trust
【答案】 41—45 DABCD 46—50 AACDB 51—55 ABACC 56—60 DDBCB
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一个叫Teresa 的老妇人沉浸在为人祖母的喜悦当中，她把小宝贝的照片发给
了陌生人丹尼斯，但是丹尼斯却回复短信说他会去医院看小孩，并与小孩合影。Teresa 一家没有想到
Dennis 真的来了医院，还带来了礼物，她们非常感动。她们一起合影的照片被放到网上后，受到了世界各
地很多人的关注。
【详解】
41. D 根据上句 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person 以及常识可
知，当我们收到一条不认识的人发来的短信时，我们大多数人会说“号码弄错了”，因此选wrong。
42.A 根据文章下文Dennis got a group text 可知，丹尼斯收到了一条群发短信，receive 与get 在此意思相
同。
43.B 根据文章下文可知，丹尼斯收到一条陌生人发来的短信时，他的反应与众不同，他去医院看望了短信
里提到的新生儿，因此选special。
44.C 根据本句可知，丹尼斯收到了一条群发短信，短信肯定是传递信息，告知某事，因此选inform “通
知，告知”。convince "说服”;remind“提醒”;warn“警告”
45. D 根据下文 The baby was born the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy 可知，这一家人在等待宝贝的
降临，因此选arrival“到来，降临”
46. A 根据 Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken 可知, 丹尼斯回复了这条短信，因此选
responded。
47. A 根据上文 update texts 和 下文 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother,Teresa 可知，欣喜若狂的祖母
不断地给丹尼斯发送最新消息，消息不断地发进来，因此选coming in。
48.C 根据上文overjoyed grandmother 可知，当了祖母的Teresa 非常激动，因此 excitement 符合语境。
49.D 根据上一句丹尼斯很快就收到了Teresa 发的最新消息可知，Teresa 是在与他人分享小宝贝的照片，因
此选sharing。
50. B 根据上文 But I think someone was mistaken 和 with a complete stranger 可知，丹尼斯与这一家人并不
认识，因此选know。
51. A 根据 but I will get there to take pictures with the baby 可知,丹斯要去医院和这个刚出生的宝贝合影，因
此他要询问的是这对新晋父母的房间号，因此选parents。
52.B 根据下一句He turned up at the hospital 可知，丹尼斯信守承诺，来到了医院，因此选promise。
53.A 根据下文but we 55
it and the gifts 可知，丹尼斯不但来医院还带来了礼物，因此选bearing“携带”
54.C 根据 by the unexpected visit 可知，新生儿的父亲对于这次没有预料到的拜访一定是很惊讶的，因此
选astonished。
55.C 根据下文He was so 59
and kind to do this 可知，这家人很感激丹尼斯的善举，因此选
appreciate。
56. D 根据 on a social networking website 和下文的 The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all
over the world 可知，Teresa 把他们见面的照片发布到了一个社交网站上，受到了很多关注，因此选post。
57.D 根据by the touching words 可知，在发布照片的同时，还配了文字。accompany 在句中的意思是“附
有，带有”。
58.B 根据touching words 可知，这家人认为丹尼斯的善举对于他们来说是一种福分，四个选项里
blessing“幸运，福祉”最符合语境。
59.C 这家人认为丹尼斯的善举对于他们来说是一种福分，那么这个年轻人肯定是很善良的，因此选
sweet，意为“好心的，友好的”。
60. B receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days 可知，这个帖子收到了来自世界
各地很多人的分享和点赞，帖子获得了很多的关注，因此选attention。
Passage 22
（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）
完形填空(共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分)
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage
for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42
at
college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).
I never felt an urge to 43
any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.
The 44
language were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my 45
for
ASL.
The 46
began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47
their translation of a song.
Both the hand movements and the very 48
of communicating without speaking 49
me. What I saw was
completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50
.This newness just left me 51
more.
After that, feeling the need to 52
further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned
how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress, I was excited. I then
made it a point to 55
those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I 56
an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57
. I soon realized
that the silence was not unpleasant. 58
, if there had been any talking, it would have 59
us to learn less. Now, I
appreciate the silence and the 60
way of communication it opens.
41.A.searching B.planning C.natural D.formal
42.A.progress B.experience C.major D.opinion
43.A.choose B.read C.learn D.create
44.A.official B.foreign C.body D.spoken
45.A.love B.concern C.goal D.request
46.A.meeting B.trip C.story D.task
47.A.recorded B.performed C.recited D.discussed
48.A.idea B.amount C.dream D.reason
49.A.disturbed B.supported C.embarrassed D.attracted
50.A.end B.past C.course D.distance
51.A.showing B.acting C.saying D.wanting
52.A.exercise B.explore C.express D.explain
53.A.print B.write C.sign D.count
54.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious
55.A.chair B.sponsor C.attend D.organize
56.A.missed B.passed C.gave up D.registered for
57.A.prohibited B.welcomed C.ignored D.repeated
58.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However
59.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected
60.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
【答案】 41–45 ABCDA 46–50 CBADB 51–55 DBCAC 56–60 DACBD
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者刚上大学时，开始探索生活中的新鲜事物。在这一过程中发现
了美式手语，并被其吸引，开始学习。虽然刚开始的时候进展很慢，但是作者没有气馁，下定决心要学好
这门课程。这一经历使得作者的大学经历更加丰富充实。
【详解】
41.A 根据 While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the
stage for that exploration. 可知作者认为大学生们有更多机会去探索新事物，而作者本人也经历了这一 “探
索” 过程。searching process 与 exploration 相呼应。
42.B 根据 While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the
stage for that exploration. 和 What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50. 可知作者
在大学探索发现的一些东西改变了他的大学生活经历。
43.C 根据下文作者介绍自己学习手语的经历可知此处应填 learn。
44.D 根据 My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. 可知在作者的日常交往中，因为周围没有聋
哑人，所以开口说出的话就足够交流了，言外之意即没有必要再去学手语。
45.A 根据下文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语，这是之前从未想过的。
46.C 根据 I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club’s meetings. 和 The following term, I 56 an ASL class. 可知
作者开始叙述在大学学习手语的事情。
47.B 根据本段下文中的 hand movements 可知作者恰巧看到了手语俱乐部的表演。
48.A 结合上文可知，手语俱乐部在用手语表演一首歌，他们手部的动作以及用手来交流的这种想法吸引
了作者。
49.D 根据下文可知作者从未有过这样的经历，进而又去参加手语俱乐部的会议，学手语，可知作者被吸
引了。
50.B 根据空白前的 experienced 可知此处意为作者当时看到的和以前经历的完全不同。
51.D 根据下文作者去参加手语俱乐部的会议、上手语课，可知此处指作者想要了解更多。
52.B 结合上下文，可知作者在那之后还想了解更多，且与第一段的 explore 相呼应。
53.C 作者上的是手语课，故应为 sign。
54.A 根据上文，作者仅学会用手势表达字母表，可知作者进展比较慢。
55.C 根据上文可知作者并没有灰心，因此这里指作者决定要参加手语俱乐部的会议并尽力去学。chair 意
为 “主持 (会议等)”；attend 意为 “参加”；sponsor 意为 “赞助”；organize 意为 “组织”。
56.D 由 The professor was deaf and any talking was 57. 和 if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to
learn less. 可知作者报名上了一个手语课程。register for 意为 “登记；报名”。
57.A 根据 I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 可知在手语课上，说话是被禁止的。
58.C 根据上句 I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 可知作者很快意识到安静并没有令人不愉
快，有口语交流反而会影响手语的学习。instead 此处意为 “反而”。
59.B 作者认为如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成学的手语更少。cause 意为 “导致；造成”。
60.D 通读全文可知，手语对于作者来说是一个新鲜事物，是一种新的交流方式。
Passage 23
（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）
一阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In1973,I was teaching elementary school. Each day,27kids 41 “The Thinking Laboratory.”That was the
42 students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too 43 .
Freddy was an average 44 ,but not an average person .He had the rare balance of fun and
compassion（同情）.He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s 46 .
Before the school year 47 ,I gave the kids a special 48 , T-shirts with the words “Verbs
Are Your 49 on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs（动词）may seem dull ,most of the 50
things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. I learned
that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met
forty years before .Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man 54 in his truck. Another
time ,he 55 a friend money to buy a house .
Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman 57
the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 58 it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt
and a 59 from Freddy’s mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”
I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we
all 60 something from Freddy.
41. A. built B. entered
C. decorated
D. ran
42. A. name
B. rule
C. brand
D. plan
43. A. small B. dark
C. strange
D. dull
44. A. scholar B. student
C. citizen
D. worker
45. A. speak
B. sing
C. question
D. laugh
46. A. misfortune B. disbelief
C. dishonesty
D. mistake
47. A. changed
B. approached
C. returned
D. ended
48. A. lesson B. gift C. report
D. message
49. A. friends B. Awards C. Masters
D. Tasks
50. A. simple B. unique C. fun
D. clever
51. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions
D. updates
52. A. graduation B. retirement C. separation
D. resignation
53. A. daring B. modest C. caring
D. smart
54. A. wait B. sleep C. study
D. live
55. A. paid
B. charged C. lent
D. owed
56. A. observing B. preparing C. designing
D. conducting
57. A. regretted B. avoided C. excused
D. ignored
58. A. opened B. packed C. gave
D. held
59. A. picture B. bill C. note
D. diary
60. A. chose B. took C. expected
D. borrowed
【答案】 41—45 BADBD 46—50 ADBAC 51—55 DACBC 56—60 DCACB
【导语】本文主要讲述作者的一个学生Freddy。他是一个既有趣又富有同情心的人。作者在学生们毕业之
前都会送给他们一件T 恤。Freddy 在毕业后一直保持着乐于助人的品质，并一直保留着作者送给他的T
恤。在他去世后，这件T 恤又回到了作者的手中。而作者和他的学生们都从Freddy 身上学到了宝贵的东
西。
【详解】
41.B 根据 I was teaching elementary school 可知，“The Thinking Laboratory” 是一间教室，孩子们每天都
要 “进入” 教室学习。
42.A 根据…students voted for after deciding that “Room 104”… 可知，“The Thinking Laboratory” 是孩子们
投票选出来的教室名字，教室原名为 Room 104。
43.D 与 “The Thinking Laboratory” 相比，Room 104 这个名字沉闷乏味。dull 意为 “乏味的，沉闷
的”。
44.B 根据 Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. I learned that
Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school 可知 Freddy 是作者的一个学生。
45.D 根据 He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情). 可知 Freddy 是一个既有趣又富有同情心的
人，因此对于有趣的事，Freddy 会发出最大的笑声，但是对于他人的不幸，他也会很伤心。laugh 与 be
the saddest，fun 与 misfortune 各自形成对比。
46.A 根据 He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情) 和 He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the
saddest over anyone’s 46. 可知 Freddy 对他人遭受的不幸会感到很难过。
47.D 根据 Inside were the “Verbs” shirt 可知 Freddy 一直珍藏着这件 T 恤，可知作者是在学年结束的时
候，会送给孩子们每人一件 T 恤。
48.B 作者送给孩子们的是每人一件 T 恤，只有 “礼物” 符合语境。
49.A 根据 I had advised the kids that while verbs (动词) may seem dull, most of the 50 things they do throughout
their lives will be verbs. 可知 friends 符合语境。
50.C 根据 I had advised the kids that while verbs (动词) may seem dull 可知，虽然孩子们认为动词比较乏
味，但是生活中很多有趣的事都和动词有关。fun 与 dull 形成对比，意为 “有趣的”。
51.D 根据 I learned that Freddy… 可知，作者听到了有关 Freddy 的近况，updates，意为 “最新消息，最
新进展”，符合语境。
52.A 根据 I learned that Freddy did several jobs 可知，Freddy 高中毕业后做了几份工作。
53.C 根据第二段的 He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s 46___. 和本段 he let a
homeless man 54 in his truck. 可知 Freddy 还是像以前一样关爱他人。caring 意为 “关心他人的，体贴他
人的”。
54.B 根据上文 He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情).He would 45 the loudest over fun and be
the saddest over anyone’s 46. 可知富有同情心的 Freddy 会让一个在夜晚无家可归的人在他的卡车上睡觉。
55.C Freddy 是一个乐于助人的人，所以他会 “借” 钱给朋友买房。
56.D 根据 A woman 57 the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching 可知作者此刻正在上
课。conduct 意为 “组织”，conduct a workshop 意为 “组织一个研讨会”。
57.C 根据 I stopped teaching，可知当时正在上课，这名女子应是为自己的打断行为请求原谅。
58.A 根据 I stopped teaching 可知作者暂停了讲课，打开信封。
59.C 信封内除了 Freddy 的 “动词” T 恤，还有一张 Freddy 妈妈写的便条。
60.B 结合全文可知，此处意为 “尽管 Freddy 离开了我们，我们从他的身上也学到了一些东西”。take
意为 “带走”，从 Freddy 那里带走了一些东西，即学到了他的一些宝贵品质。
Passage 24
（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman. But 4 1 apply. You must be
named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 42
.
Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted
round-the-world air tickets in May, but their 43
ended and he did not want her ticket to 44
. The
ticket had a strict no-transfer (不可转让) 45
, but since passport information was not required when 46
,
any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can 47
it.
“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48
a lot of joy,” said Axani. He posted his
49 on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth
Gallaghers with the 50
passports, “More 51
, there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in 52
their name to Elizabeth Gallagher,” Axani said. “It was absolutely out of 53
, thousands of e-mails, people
around the world 54
their stories of travel.”
Axani wrote in his post that he is not 55
anything in return and that the woman who uses the 56
ticket
can choose to either travel with him or 57
the ticket and travel on her own.
The 58
is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris,
Bangkok and New Delhi before 59
in Toronto on January 8. He said the 60
woman will be announced on
the website and the trip will be shared online.
41. A. benefits
B. deposits
C. restrictions
D. examinations
42. A. origin
B. passport
C. accent
D. friend
43. A. holiday
B. marriage
C. dream
D. relationship
44. A. go to waste
B. come to mind C. go no sale
D. come into effect
45. A. policy
B. order
C. payment
D. schedule
46. A. applying
B. booking
C. checking
D. bargaining
47. A. use
B. borrow
C. choose
D. buy
48. A. sacrifice
B. express
C. experience
D. provide
49. A. answer
B. advice
C. offer
D. comment
50. A. same
B. right
C. new
D. real
51. A. interesting
B. annoying
C. satisfying
D. convincing
52. A. writing
B. giving
C. lending
D. changing
53. A. touch
B. question
C. date
D. control
54. A. admiring
B. advertising
C. sharing
D. doubting
55. A. leaving
B. looking for
C. losing
D. dealing with
56. A. single
B. strange
C. regular
D. extra
57. A. return
B. take
C. reserve
D. hide
58. A. interview
B. program
C. trip
D. meeting
59. A. ending
B. calling
C. repeating
D. staying
60. A. honored
B. lovely
C. intelligent
D. lucky
【答案】41—45 CBDAA 46—50 BACCB 51—55 ADDCB 56—60 DBCAD
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位多伦多的男士和女朋友定了环球旅行的机票，但之后和女朋
友分手，机票不可转让，因此想把机票免费赠送给一位和他前女友同名同姓同国籍的人，避免浪费机票的
故事。
【详解】
41.C 根据下句 You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 42 … 可知此处意为 “符合限制
条件的适用”。
42.B 根据第二段第二句 … but since passport information … 和第三段第二句 … including with the 50
passports 可知限制条件之一为护照。
43.D 结合本句前半句 … then girlfriend …，空白前 but 以及空白后 ended 可知此处指他们的男女朋友关
系结束了。
44.A 根据本句前半句可知 Jordan Axani 与女朋友分手，所以有张多余的机票，而他不想让机票浪费。
45.A 根据第一段第二句 You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and … 以及本段第一句，可知 Jordan Axani
因与前女友订了折扣机票后分手，但又不想浪费机票，故要将机票送给与前女友同名的人，由此可推知飞
机票有不可转让的规定。
46.B 根据本段第一句 … booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets … 可知此处应为 booking。
47.A 根据第四段 … the woman who uses … 可知此处应为 use。
48.C Jordan Axani 赠送的是环球旅行机票，故 experience a lot of joy 符合语境。
49.C Jordan Axani 赠送免费环球旅行机票是他主动提供的，故 offer 符合语境。
50.B 名字为 Elizabeth Gallagher 即为恰当的护照。
51.A 根据空白后内容 there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in 52 their name to Elizabeth
Gallagher 可知 interesting 符合语境。
52.D 根据上文可知，想要使用 Jordan Axani 提供的机票，名字必须是 Elizabeth Gallagher，故此处指很多
加拿大人为了得到机票想要将名字改为 Elizabeth Gallagher。
53.D 上千封的邮件发给 Jordan Axani 是他始料未及的，可知局面有些失控。
54.C Jordan Axani 收到了世界各地的人们写给他的上千封邮件，而他们写信的目的是为了得到环球旅行的
机票，可推知他们在邮件中会和 Jordan Axani 分享他们的旅行故事。
55.B 根据下文可知，Jordan Axani 说明使用免费机票的女士可以和他一起旅行也可以独自旅行，可推知
Jordan Axani 并不想寻求回报。
56.D Jordan Axani 本来和前女友订的是一起环球旅行的机票，而现在只有他自己使用，故有一张多余的机
票。
57.B 根据空白后内容 travel on her own 可知此处为取走机票。
58.C Jordan Axani 提供的是免费环球旅行的机票，故此处应为旅行的出发时间地点，途经地和结束时间地
点。
59.A 根据空白前… start on … and continue on to … 可知此处应为 ending。
60.D 能够得到一张免费环球旅行机票的女士是很幸运的。
