专题05 完形填空
主题01 人与社会
Passage 1
（2026·河南开封·二模）
I never truly understood China’s global influence until that summer in Nairobi. As a volunteer teacher, I had
expected to 16 basic English to local children, but what I discovered was far more 17 .
On my first day at the community center, I noticed a group of children 18 around a small tablet,
their faces lit with enthusiasm. The entire class was 19 by the vivid colors and dynamic characters of the
cartoons. “We love these stories!” one girl told me in 20 English. I was astonished that Chinese cultural
products had reached this 21 corner of the world.
The real 22 came during our traditional culture class. When I showed them Chinese paper-cutting, a
boy named Joseph 23 shouted, “This looks just like the patterns on my grandmother’s dress!” His
grandmother, as it turned out, 24 a Chinese skilled worker decades ago. This 25 between
cultures left me speechless.
As weeks passed, I 26 more connections. The local hospital used Chinese-made medical
equipment, and the new highway being built nearby was 27 by Chinese companies. I began to see
China’s influence not as a distant concept, but as a living, breathing 28 in people’s daily lives.
On my last day, the children presented me with a thank-you card 29 with Chinese characters.
Holding that card, I felt a profound (深刻的) sense of 30 in my country and its role in the world.
16．A．report
B．convey
C．teach
D．spread
17．A．interesting
B．entertaining
C．practical
D．meaningful
18．A．gathering
B．collecting
C．fighting
D．arguing
19．A．annoyed
B．confused
C．inspired
D．attracted
20．A．advanced
B．elementary
C．amusing
D．perfect
21．A．remote
B．empty
C．narrow
D．messy
22．A．exposure
B．excitement
C．appearance
D．explanation
23．A．delightedly
B．shamefully
C．nervously
D．carelessly
24．A．appealed to
B．learned from
C．called on
D．came across
25．A．occupation
B．extension
C．interconnection
D．interruption
26．A．discovered
B．dismissed
C．created
D．simplified
27．A．opposed
B．admired
C．financed
D．recommended
28．A．phenomenon
B．presence
C．tendency
D．prospect
29．A．carved
B．published
C．decorated
D．transformed
30．A．anxiety
B．curiosity
C．regret
D．pride
【答案】
16．C 17．D 18．A 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．C
26．A 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为志愿者教师前往内罗毕，原本计划教授当地孩子基础英
语，却意外发现中国文化、中国制造与中国建设已深深影响当地；从中国动画、剪纸到医疗设备、公路建
设，中国的影响力真实存在于当地人们的日常生活中，这段经历也让作者由衷为自己的国家感到自豪。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名志愿者教师，我本打算教当地孩子基础英语。A. report 报道；B.
convey 传达；C. teach 教授；D. spread 传播。根据上文“I never truly understood China’s global influence until
that summer in Nairobi. As a volunteer teacher”可知，作者的身份是志愿者教师，其核心任务是教授英语，故
选C。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我的发现远比这更有意义。A. interesting 有趣的；B. entertaining 娱乐
的；C. practical 实用的；D. meaningful 有意义的。根据下文“I was astonished that Chinese cultural products
had reached this ____ corner of the world”以及全文作者见证中国影响力、收获民族自豪感的内容可知，作者
的发现远超“教英语”本身，更具深层意义，故选D。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到一群孩子聚集在一个小平板电脑旁。A. gathering 聚集；B.
collecting 收集；C. fighting 打架；D. arguing 争论。根据下文“their faces lit with enthusiasm. The entire class
was ____ by the vivid colors and dynamic characters of the cartoons”可知，孩子们带着热情围在平板旁，是在
聚集观看平板电脑上的内容，故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：全班都被动画片生动的色彩和角色吸引。A. annoyed 使恼怒；B. confused
使困惑；C. inspired 鼓舞；D. attracted 吸引。根据上文“I noticed a group of children ____ around a small
tablet, their faces lit with enthusiasm”可知，孩子们脸上满是热情，说明他们被动画片的色彩和角色所吸引，
故选D。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个女孩用初级英语告诉我：“我们喜欢这些故事！”A. advanced 高级
的；B. elementary 初级的；C. amusing 有趣的；D. perfect 完美的。根据上文“As a volunteer teacher, I had
expected to ____ basic English to local children”可知，作者的任务是教当地孩子基础英语，说明当地孩子刚
开始学习英语，英语水平处于初级阶段，故选B。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶中国文化产品能到达世界如此偏远的角落。A. remote 偏远的；
B. empty 空的；C. narrow 狭窄的；D. messy 混乱的。根据上文“I never truly understood China’s global
influence until that summer in Nairobi”以及内罗毕的地理位置背景可知，内罗毕是世界上较为偏远的地区，
中国文化产品能到达这里让作者感到惊讶，故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：真正的兴奋来自我们的传统文化课。A. exposure 暴露；B. excitement 兴奋；
C. appearance 出现；D. explanation 解释。根据下文“a boy named Joseph ____ shouted, ‘This looks just like
the patterns on my grandmother’s dress!’”可知，男孩看到中国剪纸后的惊喜反应，让传统文化课成为令人兴
奋的时刻，故选B。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个叫约瑟夫的男孩高兴地大喊：“这看起来和我祖母衣服上的图案一模
一样！”A. delightedly 高兴地；B. shamefully 羞愧地；C. nervously 紧张地；D. carelessly 粗心地。根据下
文“‘This looks just like the patterns on my grandmother’s dress!’”可知，男孩从中国剪纸中看到了熟悉的图
案，内心充满惊喜，所以是高兴地大喊，故选A。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来，他的祖母几十年前曾向一位中国技工学习过。A. appealed to 呼吁；
B. learned from 向……学习；C. called on 号召；D. came across 偶然遇见。根据上文“a boy named Joseph
____ shouted, ‘This looks just like the patterns on my grandmother’s dress!’”可知，男孩的祖母衣服上有和中国
剪纸相似的图案，说明祖母曾向中国技工学习过相关技艺，故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种文化间的联系让我说不出话。A. occupation 职业；B. extension 延伸；
C. interconnection 互联，联系；D. interruption 打断。根据上文“His grandmother, as it turned out, ____ a
Chinese skilled worker decades ago”可知，中国剪纸图案出现在肯尼亚男孩祖母的衣服上，体现了中非两种
文化之间的交汇与联系，故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我发现了更多这样的联系。A. discovered 发现；B. dismissed 解雇；
C. created 创造；D. simplified 简化。根据下文“The local hospital used Chinese-made medical equipment, and
the new highway being built nearby was ____ by Chinese companies”可知，作者后续看到了中国制造、中国建
设对当地的影响，这些都是新发现的中国与当地的联系，故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地医院使用的是中国制造的医疗设备，附近正在修建的新公路由中国公
司出资建设。A. opposed 反对；B. admired 钦佩；C. financed 出资，资助；D. recommended 推荐。根据上文
“I began to see China’s influence not as a distant concept, but as a living, breathing ____ in people’s daily lives”
可知，中国积极参与当地建设，公路修建由中国公司提供资金支持，体现了中国的影响力，故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始认为中国的影响不是一个遥远的概念，而是人们日常生活中鲜活的
存在。A. phenomenon 现象；B. presence 存在；C. tendency 趋势；D. prospect 前景。根据上文“The local
hospital used Chinese-made medical equipment, and the new highway being built nearby was ____ by Chinese
companies”以及前文中国动画、剪纸对当地孩子的影响可知，中国的影响无处不在、真实可感，是一种鲜
活的存在，故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我离开的那天，孩子们送给我一张用汉字装饰的感谢卡。A. carved 雕刻；
B. published 出版；C. decorated 装饰；D. transformed 改变。根据上文作者在当地教授孩子、传播中国文化，
以及下文“with Chinese characters”可知，孩子们用汉字来装饰感谢卡，以此表达对作者的感谢，也体现了
他们对中国文化的了解，故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：握着那张卡片，我对自己的国家及其在世界上的角色深感自豪。A. anxiety
焦虑；B. curiosity 好奇；C. regret 遗憾；D. pride 自豪。通读全文，根据上文作者见证中国文化、中国制造、
中国建设对当地的积极影响，以及孩子们用汉字装饰感谢卡的举动可知，作者为祖国的影响力感到由衷的
自豪，故选D。
Passage 2
（2026·河南开封·二模）
Hungarian writer László Krasznahorkai has been awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Literature, becoming only
the second Hungarian author ever to receive the honor. The Swedish Academy announced the decision on October 9,
2025, praising his “compelling and visionary” works that 136 the power of art in the face of “apocalyptic terror”
(末日恐怖).
Born in 1954 in the small town of Gyula, Krasznahorkai 137 his literary breakthrough with his
novel Satantango. The book became a 138 in Hungary when it came out, 139 him as one of
Central Europe’s most extraordinary literary voices. The Academy specifically thought highly of his unique writing
style, 140 by long, flowing sentences that can continue for pages with 141 any punctuation.
According to Yu Zemin, the Chinese translator of Satantango, Krasznahorkai had a deep 142 for Chinese
culture. He often enjoyed Chinese food, listened to Beijing Opera, and made 143 references to China in
his daily conversations. The writer particularly valued ancient Chinese 144 , repeatedly studying Dao De
Jing, which he 145 a work of “ultimate wisdom”. In May 1998, Krasznahorkai 146 a
long-held dream by tracing the journey of Tang poet Li Bai across nearly ten Chinese cultural cities, 147
by Yu serving as his companion, translator and assistant. This experience 148 him profoundly and later
inspired him to feature Yu in his writings. This year, the People’s Literature Publishing House 149
Krasznahorkai’s The World Goes On, a collection of twenty-one short stories. This collection 150 a
piece titled Nine Dragon Crossing, which was inspired by a specific pillar in Shanghai.
136．A．weaken
B．uphold
C．reduce
D．overlook
137．A．achieved
B．missed
C．sought
D．confirmed
138．A．failure
B．hit
C．burden
D．classic
139．A．establishing
B．denying
C．preventing
D．discouraging
140．A．created
B．polished
C．characterized
D．simplified
141．A．merely
B．nearly
C．almost
D．hardly
142．A．fear
B．fondness
C．doubt
D．respect
143．A．rare
B．occasional
C．frequent
D．vague
144．A．philosophy
B．poetry
C．architecture
D．painting
145．A．recalled
B．labeled
C．defined
D．considered
146．A．abandoned
B．realized
C．forgot
D．challenged
147．A．protected
B．followed
C．led
D．accompanied
148．A．influenced
B．annoyed
C．shocked
D．disappointed
149．A．printed
B．translated
C．released
D．reviewed
150．A．excludes
B．hides
C．contains
D．ignores
【答案】
136．B 137．A 138．B 139．A 140．C 141．D 142．B 143．C 144．A
145．D 146．B 147．D 148．A 149．C 150．C
【导语】文章主要讲述了匈牙利作家拉斯洛·克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊斩获2025 年诺贝尔文学奖，介绍了他的成
名作、独特写作风格，以及他深厚的中国文化情结、中国之行经历和其作品在中国的出版情况。
136．考查动词。句意：瑞典学院称赞他富有感染力且富有远见的作品，在末日恐怖面前坚守艺术的力量。
A. weaken 削弱；B. uphold 维护，坚守；C. reduce 减少；D. overlook 忽视。根据原文“praising his
“compelling and visionary” works”可知，作品是正向价值，坚守艺术力量符合语境。
137．考查动词。句意：克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊于1954 年出生在久洛的一个小镇，凭借其小说《撒旦的探戈》
他取得了文学上的突破。A. achieved 取得，获得；B. missed 错过；C. sought 寻求；D. confirmed 证实。
achieve breakthrough 为固定搭配，意为“取得突破”。
138．考查名词。句意：这本书一出版就在匈牙利大受欢迎，确立了他作为中欧最杰出文学代表之一的地
位。A. failure 失败；B. hit 热门作品，畅销品；C. burden 负担；D. classic 经典著作。根据后文“him as one
of Central Europe’s most extraordinary literary voices.”可知，其成为中欧杰出文学代表，因此这本书大受欢迎，
成为热门作品。
139．考查动词。句意：这本书一出版就在匈牙利大受欢迎，确立了他作为中欧最杰出文学代表之一的地
位。A. establishing 确立；B. denying 否认；C. preventing 阻止；D. discouraging 使气馁。根据后文“him as
one of Central Europe’s most extraordinary literary voices”可知，这本书确立了他作为中欧最杰出文学代表之
一的地位。
140．考查动词。句意：该学院特别赞赏他独特的写作风格，其特点在于那冗长而流畅的句子，这些句子
可以连续写上好几页，而且几乎没有任何标点符号。A. created 创造；B. polished 打磨；C. characterized
以……为特征；D. simplified 简化。be characterized by 为固定短语，意为“以……为特征”。
141．考查副词。句意：该学院特别赞赏他独特的写作风格，其特点在于那冗长而流畅的句子，这些句子
可以连续写上好几页，而且几乎没有任何标点符号。A. merely 仅仅；B. nearly 将近；C. almost 几乎；D.
hardly 几乎没有。根据前文“long, flowing sentences that can continue for pages”可知，他擅长写冗长而流畅
的句子，hardly 表否定，契合无标点的描述。
142．考查名词。句意：《撒旦的探戈》中文译者余泽民表示，克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊深深喜爱中国文化。A.
fear 恐惧；B. fondness 喜爱，钟爱；C. doubt 怀疑；D. respect 尊重。根据后文“He often enjoyed Chinese
food, listened to Beijing Opera”可知，克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊非常喜爱中国文化。
143．考查形容词。句意：他经常品尝中国美食，欣赏京剧，并且在日常交谈中频繁提及中国。A. rare 稀
少的；B. occasional 偶尔的；C. frequent 频繁的；D. vague 模糊的。根据前文“Krasznahorkai had a deep
____ for Chinese culture. He often enjoyed Chinese food, listened to Beijing Opera”可知，他热爱中国文化，频
繁提及。
144．考查名词。句意：这位作家特别推崇中国古代哲学，他多次研读《道德经》，并认为这部著作是
“至高智慧”的结晶。A. philosophy 哲学；B. poetry 诗歌；C. architecture 建筑；D. painting 绘画。根据后
文“repeatedly studying Dao De Jing”可知，他反复研读《道德经》，而《道德经》属于哲学典籍。
145．考查动词。句意：这位作家特别推崇中国古代哲学，他多次研读《道德经》，并认为这部著作是
“至高智慧”的结晶。A. recalled 回忆；B. labelled 贴标签；C. defined 下定义；D. considered 认为。根据后
文“a work of “ultimate wisdom”.”可知，《道德经》是一部蕴含终极智慧的著作。此处是他主观对书籍的评
价。
146．考查动词。句意：1998 年5 月，克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊实现了他长久以来的梦想，他沿着唐代诗人李白
的足迹，探访了近十个中国文化名城，并由余泽民作为他的伙伴，翻译和助手完成了此次行程。A.
abandoned 放弃；B. realized 实现；C. forgot 忘记；D. challenged 挑战。根据下文“This experience ________
him profoundly and later inspired him to feature Yu in his writings.”可知，克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊实现了他的梦想。
realize dream 为固定搭配，意为“实现梦想”。
147．考查动词。句意：1998 年5 月，克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊实现了他长久以来的梦想，他沿着唐代诗人李白
的足迹，探访了近十个中国文化名城，并由余泽民作为他的伙伴，翻译和助手完成了此次行程。A.
protected 保护；B. followed 跟随；C. led 带领；D. accompanied 陪同。根据后文“serving as his companion,
translator and assistant.”可知，此处是陪同出行。
148．考查动词。句意：这段经历对他产生了深远的影响，后来促使他在作品中写到余泽民。A. influenced
影响；B. annoyed 使恼怒；C. shocked 使震惊；D. disappointed 使失望。根据后文“later inspired him to
feature Yu in his writings.”可知，这段经历对他产生了深远的影响。
149．考查动词。句意：今年，人民文学出版社发行了克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊的作品《世事继续》，该书收录
了21 篇短篇小说。A. printed 印刷；B. translated 翻译；C. released 发行，出版；D. reviewed 评论。根据后
文“Krasznahorkai’s The World Goes On, a collection of twenty-one short stories.”可知，出版社出版发行书籍，
release 符合出版行业用语。
150．考查动词。句意：这部短篇小说集收录了一篇名为《九龙渡》的作品，创作灵感源于上海的一根石
柱。A. excludes 排除；B. hides 隐藏；C. contains 包含；D. ignores 忽视。根据后文“a piece titled Nine
Dragon Crossing”可知，书籍合集包含单篇文章，contain 符合文意。
主题02 人与自我
Passage 1
（2026·河南信阳·二模）
One freezing morning last February, I walked through Ontario Place. Trees were frozen 1 . Large
chunks of ice floated in the lake. A group of people in 2 suits bounced up and down in the water. They
held hands, shouting and yelling into the sky, looking and sounding so 3 .
I’ve always found cold water 4 . The shock of it is like pressing a switch. It seems to reset my body
and soul. And last winter, I extremely needed a 5 . I woke up most mornings with a dull, grey feeling as I
6 myself out of bed to start the day. I needed something to cheer myself up, but that day inspired me.
The ice warriors (勇士) emerged from the lake, their skin 7 . Trembling, they were yet laughing and
hugging each other. One woman waved to me, “Come and join us! We’re here every Monday morning.”
The night before my first 8 , I was excited and nervous. Cold water was one thing, but this icy lake
was a whole other 9 . Should I back out? 10 , I got up in the dark and drove to the agreed
meeting 11 .
After some wild warm up, I 12 into the lake along with others. Body 13 fingers and toes
going numb (麻木), we stayed there for somewhere between two and five minutes.
I’d felt so happy. It won’t fix everything in our lives — but for some reason, it helps. As another winter sets
in, I’m more than ready to 14 the cold again.
From the stories we’ve shared about ourselves, I know I’m not the only one who faces life’s 15 .
Holding hands in the freezing lake, we looked out for each other last winter and will do so through this one.
1．A．mixture
B．tissue
C．equipment
D．sculptures
2．A．functioning
B．bathing
C．defending
D．breathing
3．A．anxious
B．curious
C．free
D．flexible
4．A．encouraging
B．energizing
C．striking
D．thrilling
5．A．refreshment
B．recreation
C．adaptation
D．adoption
6．A．interfered
B．forced
C．benefited
D．prohibited
7．A．boiling
B．heating
C．steaming
D．dotting
8．A．advantage
B．attempt
C．privilege
D．sight
9．A．level
B．degree
C．amount
D．account
10．A．Ultimately
B．Initially
C．Primarily
D．Essentially
11．A．date
B．hall
C．ground
D．spot
12．A．changed
B．charged
C．swam
D．mount
13．A．growing
B．fighting
C．trembling
D．shedding
14．A．embrace
B．tolerate
C．preserve
D．prioritize
15．A．happiness
B．kindness
C．challenges
D．sorrow
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 11．D
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一个严寒的冬日，看到一群人在冰湖里冬泳，他们的自在与快乐感染
了精神状态不佳的作者。作者受到鼓舞后尝试冬泳，在冰冷的湖水之中获得了身心的振奋，此后便坚持了
下来，还在和同伴的相处中领悟到：面对生活的挑战，彼此扶持就能勇敢前行。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：树木都冻成了冰雕。A. mixture 混合物；B. tissue 纸巾、组织；C. equipment
设备；D. sculptures 雕塑。根据前文“One freezing morning”的严寒环境，以及树木被冻住的状态可知，树
木的形态如同冰雕一般。故选D 项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一群穿着泳衣的人在水里上下跳动。A. functioning 功能性的；B. bathing
游泳的、沐浴的；C. defending 防御的；D. breathing 呼吸的。根据后文“in the water”可知，这群人是在水
里活动，穿的是泳衣，“bathing suits”为固定搭配，意为“泳衣”。故选B 项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们手牵着手，仰天欢呼，看起来和听起来都那么自在。A. anxious 焦虑
的；B. curious 好奇的；C. free 自在的、自由的；D. flexible 灵活的。根据前文“shouting and yelling into the
sky”的欢快状态可知，这群冬泳的人心情十分放松自在。故选C 项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直觉得冷水很刺激。A. encouraging 鼓舞人心的；B. energizing 使人
精力充沛的；C. striking 引人注目的；D. thrilling 令人兴奋的、刺激的。根据后文“The shock of it is like
pressing a switch”可知，冷水带来的冲击感是很刺激的。故选D 项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年冬天，我极其需要一次身心的焕新。A. refreshment 焕新、身心舒畅；
B. recreation 娱乐；C. adaptation 适应；D. adoption 采纳、收养。根据前文“It seems to reset my body and
soul”，以及后文作者“a dull, grey feeling”的精神状态可知，作者需要冷水来让自己的身心重焕活力。故选
A 项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数早晨醒来，我都带着一种沉闷灰暗的心情，强迫自己起床开始新的
一天。A. interfered 干涉；B. forced 强迫；C. benefited 受益；D. prohibited 禁止。根据前文“a dull, grey
feeling”可知，作者的精神状态很差，起床这件事对他来说是一种强迫的行为。故选B 项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这群冰湖勇士从湖里出来，身上冒着热气。A. boiling 煮沸；B. heating 加热；
C. steaming 冒热气；D. dotting 点缀。根据冬泳的常识，人从冰冷的湖水中出来后，身体温度和外界温度形
成温差，皮肤会冒出热气。故选C 项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我第一次尝试的前一晚，我既兴奋又紧张。A. advantage 优势；B. attempt
尝试；C. privilege 特权；D. sight 视力、景象。根据后文作者前往湖边参与冬泳可知，此处指作者第一次尝
试冬泳。故选B 项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：冷水浴是一回事，但在这个冰湖里冬泳就是完全不同的程度了。A. level 程
度、水平；B. degree 度数、学位；C. amount 数量；D. account 账户、描述。根据前文的对比可知，普通冷
水浴和冰湖冬泳的刺激程度完全不同。故选A 项。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我摸黑起床，开车前往约定好的集合地点。A. Ultimately 最终；B.
Initially 最初；C. Primarily 主要地；D. Essentially 本质上。根据前文“Should I back out?”的犹豫，以及后文
作者前往集合地的行为可知，作者最终还是决定去尝试。故选A 项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，我摸黑起床，开车前往约定好的集合地点。A. date 日期；B. hall 大
厅；C. ground 地面；D. spot 地点。根据前文“drove to the agreed meeting”可知，开车前往约定好的集合地
点。“meeting spot”为固定搭配，意为“集合地点”，符合作者和冬泳人群约定见面的语境。故选D 项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一番尽情的热身之后，我跟着其他人冲进了湖里。A. changed 改变；B.
charged 猛冲、冲锋；C. swam 游泳；D. mount 登上。根据前文“After some wild warm up,”，以及后文
“into the lake along with others”可知，作者跟着其他人冲进了湖里。故选B 项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：身体在颤抖，手指和脚趾都冻僵了，我们在水里待了大概两到五分钟。A.
growing 生长；B. fighting 斗争；C. trembling 颤抖；D. shedding 脱落、流下。根据湖水的冰冷，以及后文
“fingers and toes going numb”可知，人在冰水里身体会不由自主地颤抖。故选C 项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着又一个冬天到来，我已经做好了充分准备，去拥抱这份寒冷。A.
embrace 拥抱、欣然接受；B. tolerate 忍受；C. preserve 保护、保存；D. prioritize 优先考虑。根据前文作者
冬泳后“I’d felt so happy”的感受可知，作者已经爱上了冬泳，会欣然接受这份寒冷。故选A 项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从我们分享的人生故事中，我知道自己不是唯一一个要面对生活挑战的人。
A. happiness 幸福；B. kindness 善良；C. challenges 挑战；D. sorrow 悲伤。根据前文作者此前精神状态不佳
的经历，以及后文“we looked out for each other”可知，此处指生活中遇到的各种挑战。故选C 项。
Passage 2
（2026·河南洛阳·二模）
Sometimes, just a few words at the critical moment can change the direction of someone’s life — and this was
exactly what happened to Elizabeth Vaughan.
Forty years ago, as a seventh grader, she 31 a solo (单人表演) in the school choir’s (合唱团)
performance. The day of the show, she was backstage, looking through the curtains, the 32 packed with
people. Everyone filed in. The curtain opened and the choir began to 33 . A single microphone was
standing at the front of the stage, lit by a bright spotlight, ready for her solo. It was her 34 .
Initially, everything went 35 . She felt overjoyed, singing extremely confidently. Then came the last
high note. With her 36 nearly touching the microphone, the note suddenly exploded out of the 37
, ear-piercing (刺耳的) and deafeningly loud. All the audience’s heads, involuntarily, sprang back in their 38
, some having their jaws dropped wide open. How embarrassing! She truly wanted the stage to 39 and
swallow her whole.
Eventually, the concert ended. She still remained 40 . Just then appeared a pair of large athletic shoes.
“You have a very 41 voice!” the new guy comforted.
42 by him, she transformed from deciding never to sing in front of people again to considering
43 with music. Now she is a professional singer, songwriter and a 44 teacher. Her unsung hero’s
small act of grace is a reminder that a few 45 words can change the course of a life.
31．A．landed
B．attempted
C．rejected
D．canceled
32．A．room
B．street
C．hall
D．square
33．A．sing
B．help
C．move
D．work
34．A．turn
B．future
C．plan
D．chance
35．A．surprisingly
B．terribly
C．naturally
D．smoothly
36．A．faces
B．hands
C．lips
D．ears
37．A．window
B．speaker
C．stage
D．music
38．A．applause
B．cheers
C．bodies
D．chairs
39．A．turn around
B．fade away
C．open up
D．lower down
40．A．confused
B．depressed
C．worried
D．exhausted
41．A．playful
B．cheerful
C．hopeful
D．powerful
42．A．Urged
B．Inspired
C．Guided
D．Forced
43．A．starting
B．connecting
C．proceeding
D．performing
44．A．writing
B．sports
C．math
D．voice
45．A．kind
B．casual
C．cautionary
D．special
【答案】
31．A 32．C 33．A 34．A 35．D 36．C 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．B
41．D 42．B 43．C 44．D 45．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Elizabeth 四十年前独唱时破音，十分尴尬。一位男生的鼓励让她重拾信
心，最终成为专业歌手和声乐老师，说明善意的话语能改变人生。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：四十年前，还是七年级学生的她，在学校合唱团的演出中成功担任了独唱
角色。A. landed 获得；B. attempted 尝试；C. rejected 拒绝；D. canceled 取消。根据后文“a solo in the
school choir’s performance”可知，此处指她获得了独唱的机会。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在演出当天，她待在后台，透过窗帘向外张望，只见大厅里挤满了人。A.
room 房间；B. street 街道；C. hall 礼堂；D. square 广场。根据上文“in the school choir’s performance”可知，
合唱团演出是在大厅里。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：帷幕拉开，合唱团开始歌唱。A. sing 唱；B. help 帮助；C. move 移动；D.
work 工作。根据上文“The curtain opened and the choir began to”可知，此处指合唱团开始唱歌。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到她了。A. turn 轮流；B. future 未来；C. plan 计划；D. chance 机会。根
据后文“She felt overjoyed, singing extremely confidently. Then came the last high note.”可知，轮到她唱歌了，
It’s one’s turn.表示“轮到某人了”。故选A。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，一切进展得都很顺利。A. surprisingly 惊讶地；B. terribly 糟糕地；
C. naturally 自然地；D. smoothly 顺利地。根据后文“She felt overjoyed, singing extremely confidently. Then
came the last high note.”以及下文出现失误推测，一开始很顺利。故选D。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的嘴唇几乎就要触碰到麦克风了，这时高音突然从扬声器中弹了出来，
声音震耳欲聋，令人难以忍受。A. faces 脸；B. hands 手；C. lips 嘴唇；D. ears 耳朵。根据后文“nearly
touching the microphone”可知，唱歌时是嘴唇靠近麦克风。故选C。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的嘴唇几乎就要触碰到麦克风了，这时高音突然从扬声器中弹了出来，
声音震耳欲聋，令人难以忍受。A. window 窗户；B. speaker 扬声器；C. stage 舞台；D. music 音乐。根据上
文“nearly touching the microphone,”和后文“ear-piercing and deafeningly loud”指声音从音响/扬声器里爆出
来。故选B。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有观众的脑袋都不由自主地向后缩进了椅子里，有些人甚至嘴巴大张得
合不拢了。A. applause 掌声；B. cheers 欢呼；C. bodies 身体；D. chairs 椅子。根据上文“All the audience’s
heads, involuntarily, sprang back in their”可知，观众坐在椅子上，身体猛地向后仰。故选D。
39．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她真的希望舞台能够裂开，将她完全吞没。A. turn around 转身；B. fade
away 消失；C. open up 裂开；D. lower down 降下。根据上文“How embarrassing!”可知，她想让舞台裂开把
自己吞掉，极度尴尬。故选C。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她依旧情绪低落。A. confused 困惑的；B. depressed 沮丧的；C. worried
担忧的；D. exhausted 疲惫的。根据上文“How embarrassing!”可知，失误后她非常沮丧、低落。故选B。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你的声音很有感染力啊！”那个新来的家伙安慰道。A. playful 顽皮的；
B. cheerful 愉快的；C. hopeful 有希望的；D. powerful 强有力的。根据后文“the new guy comforted”可知，
男生安慰她：你有很有力量/爆发力的嗓音。故选D。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到他的启发，她从决定再也不在众人面前唱歌，转变为了开始考虑重新
接触音乐。A. Urged 催促；B. Inspired 鼓舞；C. Guided 指导；D. Forced 强迫。根据后文“she transformed
from deciding never to sing in front of people again to considering”可知，女孩被他鼓励、启发，重新振作。故
选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到他的启发，她从决定再也不在众人面前唱歌，转变为了考虑继续接触
音乐。A. starting 开始；B. connecting 连接；C. proceeding 继续；D. performing 表演。根据后文“she is a
professional singer, songwriter and a”可知，她从决定再也不在众人面前唱歌，转变为了考虑继续接触音乐。
故选C。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，她已成为一名专业的歌手、词曲作者以及声乐教师。A. writing 写作；
B. sports 体育；C. math 数学；D. voice 声乐。根据上文“Now she is a professional singer, songwriter and a”可
知，从事的职业和音乐相关，即她成为歌手、词曲作者和声乐老师。故选D。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她那位默默无闻的英雄所做出的这一小小的善举，提醒我们：几句友善
的话语就能改变一个人的一生。A. kind 善意的；B. casual 随意的；C. cautionary 警告的；D. special 特别的。
根据上文““You have a very ____ voice!””和“Her unsung hero’s small act of grace”可知，故事告诉我们一
句友善、善意的话改变一生。故选A。
Passage 3
（2026·河南信阳·二模）
At 72, writer Francis Chin decided to learn something new. After years in media and journalism, he wanted to
stay active and relevant — rather than simply 61 . A former colleague once told him that data scientists
were in high demand, and this 62 him to take a course in data science.
Although he had 63 later in life before — earning a bachelor’s degree at 44 and a master’s at 51— online
learning was a completely 64 experience for him. He also remembered 65 with math in
school, and data science involved topics like statistics and logic. Still, he refused to let that 66 him.
Whenever he found the lessons hard to follow, he asked questions 67 , something he believed came easier
with 68 . Soon, he discovered that data science was not as 69 as it first seemed. Eventually, the
subject began to 70 .
As he learned more, Francis began to see how data science could be used to solve 71 problems. For
one project, he researched how 72 learning might help reduce mistakes in breast cancer screening. Even
if he never works as a data scientist, he feels 73 to have gained new skills in an important field.
Now, Francis hopes to combine his 74 experience with what he has learned. He plans to write a
free book about using tools like ChatGPT and other AI programs. To fellow 75 , he says: keep learning,
stay curious, and never believe it is too late to grow.
61．A．return
B．travel
C．escape
D．retire
62．A．allowed
B．inspired
C．promised
D．pushed
63．A．studied
B．trained
C．worked
D．experienced
64．A．fresh
B．strange
C．simple
D．boring
65．A．dealing
B．competing
C．struggling
D．arguing
66．A．guide
B．stop
C．test
D．change
67．A．hesitantly
B．nervously
C．formally
D．confidently
68．A．luck
B．support
C．age
D．pressure
69．A．popular
B．frightening
C．beneficial
D．amusing
70．A．make sense
B．keep pace
C．catch attention
D．lose meaning
71．A．personal
B．imaginary
C．common
D．real
72．A．human
B．business
C．machine
D．language
73．A．curious
B．astonished
C．proud
D．fortunate
74．A．writing
B．acting
C．teaching
D．drawing
75．A．experts
B．scientists
C．engineers
D．seniors
【答案】
61．D 62．B 63．A 64．A 65．C 66．B 67．D 68．C 69．B 70．A
71．D 72．C 73．C 74．A 75．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是72 岁作家弗朗西斯·陈学习数据科学，坚持终身学习并鼓
励同龄人成长的故事。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在媒体和新闻业工作多年后，他想保持活跃和紧跟时代——而不是简单地
退休。A. return 返回；B. travel 旅行；C. escape 逃跑；D. retire 退休。根据前文“At 72, writer Francis Chin
decided to learn something new.”和“After years in media and journalism, he wanted to stay active and relevant”
可知，他不想退休养老。故选D 项。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位前同事曾告诉他，数据科学家的需求量很大，这激励他去学习数据科
学课程。A. allowed 允许；B. inspired 激励；C. promised 承诺；D. pushed 推动。根据前文“data scientists
were in high demand”可知，这个信息激励他去学习数据科学课程。故选B 项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他晚年也曾学习过——44 岁获得学士学位，51 岁获得硕士学位——
但在线学习对他来说是一种全新的体验。A. studied 学习；B. trained 训练；C. worked 工作；D. experienced
经历。根据后文“earning a bachelor’s degree at 44 and a master’s at 51”可知，他晚年也曾学习。故选A 项。
64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fresh 全新的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. simple 简单的；D. boring 无
聊的。根据前文“Although”和“online learning was a completely”可知，在线学习是全新的体验。故选A 项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还记得自己在学校时数学就很吃力，而数据科学涉及统计学和逻辑学等
课题。A. dealing 处理；B. competing 竞争；C. struggling 吃力；D. arguing 争论。根据后文“data science
involved topics like statistics and logic”可知，他以前数学就学得吃力。故选C 项。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他拒绝让这阻止自己。A. guide 指导；B. stop 阻止；C. test 测
试；D. change 改变。根据前文“Still, he refused to let that”可知，他不让困难阻止自己。故选B 项。
67．考查副词词义辨析。句意：每当他觉得课程难以理解时，他就自信地提问。A. hesitantly 犹豫地；B.
nervously 紧张地；C. formally 正式地；D. confidently 自信地。根据前文“Still, he refused to let that ______
him.”可知，他会自信地提问。故选D 项。
68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为随着年龄增长，提问会变得更容易。A. luck 运气；B. support 支持；
C. age 年龄；D. pressure 压力。根据前文“At 72”和“later in life”可知，他认为年龄越大越敢问。故选C 项。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，他发现数据科学并不像最初看起来那么可怕。A. popular 受欢迎
的；B. frightening 可怕的；C. beneficial 有益的；D. amusing 有趣的。根据前文“Whenever he found the
lessons hard to follow, he asked questions ______,”可知，提问学习后，他发现数据科学没那么可怕。故选B
项。
70．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最终，这门学科开始变得有意义。A. make sense 有意义；B. keep pace 跟上
节奏；C. catch attention 吸引注意力；D. lose meaning 失去意义。根据前文“Soon, he discovered that data
science was not as ______ as it first seemed.”可知，他开始学懂了，由此可知，此处指的是学科开始有意义。
故选A 项。
71．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着学得更多，弗朗西斯开始明白数据科学如何用来解决实际问题。A.
personal 个人的；B. imaginary 想象的；C. common 普通的；D. real 实际的。根据后文“help reduce mistakes
in breast cancer screening”可知，此处指的是解决实际问题。故选D 项。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个项目中，他研究了机器学习如何帮助减少乳腺癌筛查中的错误。A.
human 人类；B. business 商业；C. machine 机器；D. language 语言。根据前文“data science”和“AI
programs”可知，此处指的是机器学习。故选C 项。
73．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使他从未从事过数据科学家的工作，他也为在一个重要领域获得新技
能而感到自豪。A. curious 好奇的；B. astonished 惊讶的；C. proud 自豪的；D. fortunate 幸运的。根据前文
“to have gained new skills in an important field”可知，他为获得一技之长而自豪。故选C 项。
74．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，弗朗西斯希望把自己的写作经验和所学知识结合起来。A. writing 写
作；B. acting 表演；C. teaching 教学；D. drawing 绘画。根据前文“At 72, writer Francis Chin decided to
learn something new.”可知，他是作家，有写作经验。故选A 项。
75．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对同龄的老年人说：要不断学习，保持好奇心，永远不要相信成长为时
已晚。A. experts 专家；B. scientists 科学家；C. engineers 工程师；D. seniors 老年人。根据前文“At 72”和
他的年纪可知，是对同龄人说，所以此处指的是老年人。故选D 项。
Passage 4
（2026·河南信阳·二模）
I used to be a determined maker of New Year’s goals. Each January 1st, I would 91 ambitious goals
like running a marathon or losing 50 pounds. However, my willpower always 92 by February, leaving me
with guilt and a sense of 93 .
Everything 94 two years ago. It started with what I thought was a lasting stomach issue. After
suffering severe pain for weeks, I finally went to the doctor. To my shock, I was 95 with breast cancer.
Worse still, doctors later found the pain came from appendix (阑尾) cancer — I was battling two cancers at once!
The 96 treatments that followed taught me a priceless 97 : being alive with my family was the
greatest 98 .
This made me realize that every day is a fresh start, not just January Ist. So I chose to 99 New
Year’s grand goals. Now I focus on small, 100 goals, like running 20 minutes three times a week instead
of a marathon. These small wins 101 satisfaction and the motivation to keep going.
I also build new habits on old ones. For instance, I turned daily fruits and vegetables into a 102 .
After months of 103 it, I recently added drinking more water. Nearly losing my life made me value every
moment 104 . I still pursue self-improvement, but small steps 105 me from guilt and keep me
moving forward.
91．A．adjust
B．reach
C．set
D．break
92．A．faded
B．remained
C．strengthened
D．recovered
93．A．insecurity
B．failure
C．pride
D．relief
94．A．paused
B．continued
C．returned
D．changed
95．A．associated
B．connected
C．infected
D．diagnosed
96．A．slow
B．tough
C．smooth
D．gentle
97．A．skill
B．experience
C．lesson
D．memory
98．A．problem
B．comfort
C．blessing
D．challenge
99．A．abandon
B．maintain
C．expand
D．postpone
100．A．achievable
B．grand
C．distant
D．complex
101．A．store
B．bring
C．find
D．waste
102．A．habit
B．custom
C．rule
D．task
103．A．focusing on
B．sticking to
C．depending on
D．giving up
104．A．casually
B．deliberately
C．suddenly
D．deeply
105．A．separate
B．invite
C．free
D．call
【答案】
91．C 92．A 93．B 94．D 95．D 96．B 97．C 98．C 99．A 100．A
101．B 102．A 103．B 104．D 105．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过患癌经历领悟到生命可贵，转而放弃宏大的年度目标，专注于小而
可行的每日习惯。
91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年1 月1 日我都会制定诸如跑马拉松或减重50 磅这样的宏大目标。A.
adjust 调整；B. reach 达到；C. set 设置；D. break 打破。根据原文第一句“I used to be a determined maker of
New Year’s goals.(曾经是一个坚定的新年目标制定者。)”和空格后的“ambitious goals like running a
marathon or losing 50 pounds”可知，此处表示“制定目标”。set goals“设置目标”。故选C 项。
92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的意志力总在二月就消退了，只留下内疚和失败感。A. faded 消
退；B. remained 保持；C. strengthened 加强；D. recovered 恢复。根据原文下文的“leaving me with guilt”可
知，感到内疚肯定是因为意志力减弱。故选A 项。
93．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的意志力总在二月就消退了，只留下内疚和失败感。A. insecurity
不安全感；B. failure 失败；C. pride 自豪；D. relief 释然。根据上文的“However, my willpower always ____
by February, leaving me with guilt”可知，因为意志力消退，感到内疚，所以肯定没有达成目标。故选B 项。
94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都在两年前改变了。A. paused 暂停；B. continued 继续；C. returned 返
回；D. changed 改变。根据下文的“two years ago”及后文患癌事件可知，生活发生转变。故选D 项。
95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我震惊的是，我被诊断出患有乳腺癌。A. associated 关联；B. connected
连接；C. infected 感染；D. diagnosed 诊断。根据上文的“After suffering severe pain for weeks, I finally went
to the doctor.”和下文的“with breast cancer”医学语境，用“诊断”符合语境。故选D 项。
96．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随后艰难的治疗教会了我宝贵的一课：与家人一起活着就是最大的福气。
A. slow 缓慢的；B. tough 艰难的；C. smooth 顺利的；D. gentle 温和的。根据上文的“I was battling two
cancers at once!”可知，作者身患两种癌症，推知治疗艰难，故选B 项。
97．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后艰难的治疗教会了我宝贵的一课：与家人一起活着就是最大的福气。
A. skill 技能；B. experience 经验；C. lesson 教训；课程；D. memory 记忆。根据上文的“taught me a
priceless ”和下文的“being alive with my family was the greatest ____ ”可知，此处考查固定搭配用“teach
somebody a lesson(给某人一个教训)”。故选C 项。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后艰难的治疗教会了我宝贵的一课：与家人一起活着就是最大的福气。
A. problem 问题；B. comfort 安慰；C. blessing 福气；D. challenge 挑战。根据上文的“being alive with my
family”和语境可知，作者身患癌症，所以活着和家人在一起就是最大的福气，用blessing 符合语境。故选
C 项。
99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我选择放弃新年的宏大目标。A. abandon 放弃；B. maintain 维持；C.
expand 扩展；D. postpone 推迟。根据下文的“Now I focus on small, ____ goals”可知，作者放弃宏大目标，
专注于小目标。故选A 项。
100．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我只专注于小而可实现的目标，比如每周跑三次，每次20 分钟，
而不是马拉松。A. achievable 可实现的；B. grand 宏大的；C. distant 遥远的；D. complex 复杂的。根据原文
的“small”和“20 minutes three times a week”可知，此处指的是可实现的目标。故选A 项。
101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些小胜利带来满足感和继续前进的动力。A. store 储存；B. bring 带来；
C. find 找到；D. waste 浪费。根据上文的“These small wins”和下文的“satisfaction and motivation”可知，用
bring 符合语境，指“带来满足感和继续前进的动力”。故选B 项。
102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，我把每日吃水果蔬菜变成了习惯。A. habit 习惯；B. custom 风俗；
C. rule 规则；D. task 任务。根据上文的“build new habits”和“daily fruits and vegetables”可知，此处指的是
“习惯”。故选A 项。
103．考查动词短语辨析。句意：坚持数月后，我又增加了喝水目标。A. focusing on 专注于；B. sticking to
坚持；C. depending on 依赖；D. giving up 放弃。根据空格前的“After months of”可知，此处指的是“坚
持”。故选B 项。
104．考查副词词义辨析。句意：濒死经历让我深刻地珍视每一刻。A. casually 随意地；B. deliberately 刻意
地；C. suddenly 突然地；D. deeply 深刻地。根据上文的“Nearly losing my life”和“value every moment”可
知，用“deeply”最贴切。故选D 项。
105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然追求自我提升，但是，小步目标让我摆脱内疚并继续前行。A.
separate 分离；B. invite 邀请；C. free 使自由；使免于；D. call 把……叫做。根据原文的“from guilt”可知，
此处用“free... from(使……免于)”固定短语，与第一段的“leaving me with guilt”呼应。故选C 项。
主题01 人与社会
Passage 1
（2026·河南信阳·二模）
Forty years ago, Yin Yuzhen arrived at her new home in a vast desert in northern China. Her new house lay
half buried under 46 . Strong winds howled, and terrible heat made life extremely 47 . While
many people would have 48 , Yuzhen chose to stay. “I would rather die in planting trees than live buried
by the desert,” she said, beginning a lifelong 49 with the harsh environment.
Poverty beat the people here as well as Yuzhen and her family. She and her husband worked 50 to
afford young trees. She slept only a few hours each night. With rigid surroundings and simple tools of planting, they
often worked in the extreme condition. Small 51 covered their hands and arms. What saddened her was
that the survival rate of the trees was very 52 . Heavy labor was not a guarantee for a better result. She
must 53 the dead with new ones. After many trials, she finally found a successful method. She first planted
shrubs and grasses to 54 the soil. Then, she planted taller trees like poplars and pines to protect the fruit
trees inside. 55 , her efforts paid off. The 56 land transformed into a green oasis. Over four
decades, she has turned over 70,000 acres of desert into woodland, becoming a symbol of China’s large-scale tree-
planting project.
Yuzhen’s story also inspired an American teacher, Donald Jones. In 2015, he traveled to meet her and 57
her team. He learned to plant trees, working hard under difficult conditions. He planted over 2,000 trees and formed
a deep 58 with Yuzhen, calling her his “sister”. Their friendship showed that environmental protection is
a(n) 59 mission that connects people across 60 . It is no longer a lonely struggle but a story of
international cooperation.
46．A．coasts
B．forests
C．waters
D．sands
47．A．cosy
B．easy
C．hard
D．complicated
48．A．fled
B．stood
C．wandered
D．stationed
49．A．glory
B．negotiation
C．battle
D．celebration
50．A．breathlessly
B．tirelessly
C．leisurely
D．naturally
51．A．bends
B．signs
C．wounds
D．traces
52．A．big
B．enough
C．even
D．slim
53．A．replace
B．repay
C．repair
D．recollect
54．A．wash
B．hold
C．shade
D．bury
55．A．Initially
B．Rapidly
C．Suddenly
D．Slowly
56．A．barren
B．deserted
C．uninhabited
D．remote
57．A．built
B．led
C．completed
D．joined
58．A．empathy
B．bond
C．purpose
D．focus
59．A．designed
B．added
C．shared
D．fulfilled
60．A．borders
B．fences
C．subjects
D．hurdles
【答案】
46．D 47．C 48．A 49．C 50．B 51．C 52．D 53．A 54．B 55．D
56．A 57．D 58．B 59．C 60．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了中国治沙英雄殷玉珍四十年扎根沙漠，通过不懈努力将荒漠变为绿
洲，其事迹还激励了美国教师加入治沙行列，体现了环保是跨越国界的共同使命。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的新房子一半被埋在沙子下面。A. coasts 海岸；B. forests 森林；C.
waters 水域；D. sands 沙子。根据前文“Yin Yuzhen arrived at her new home in a vast desert in northern China.
Her new house lay half buried under ”可知，此处是被沙子掩埋。故选D。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：狂风呼啸，酷热难耐，生活极其艰难。A. cosy 舒适的；B. easy 容易的；
C. hard 艰难的；D. complicated 复杂的。根据前文“Strong winds howled, and terrible heat”可知，沙漠环境
恶劣，生活艰难。故选C。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多人会逃离，但玉珍选择留下。A. fled 逃离；B. stood 站立；C.
wandered 徘徊；D. stationed 驻扎。根据后文“Yuzhen chose to stay”可知，此处与“留下”形成对比，很多
人会逃离。故选A。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我宁可种树累死，也不愿被沙漠埋着活。” 她说，从此开始了与恶劣
环境的终身战斗。A. glory 荣耀；B. negotiation 谈判；C. battle 战斗；D. celebration 庆祝。根据前文“I
would rather die in planting trees than live buried by the desert”可知，她选择留下种树，这是与沙漠环境的战
斗。故选C。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她和丈夫不知疲倦地工作，以便能买得起小树苗。A. breathlessly 气喘吁吁
地；B. tirelessly 不知疲倦地；C. leisurely 悠闲地；D. naturally 自然地。根据后文“She slept only a few hours
each night”可知，他们工作非常努力，不知疲倦。故选B。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的手和胳膊上布满了小伤口。A. bends 弯曲；B. signs 迹象；C.
wounds 伤口；D. traces 痕迹。根据前文“worked in the extreme condition”以及“simple tools of planting”可
知，艰苦劳作导致手上和胳膊上有伤口。故选C。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令她难过的是，树木的成活率非常低。A. big 大的；B. enough 足够的；
C. even 平坦的；D. slim 微小的，低的。根据后文“Heavy labor was not a guarantee for a better result”可知，
树木成活率低。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她必须用新树苗替换死树。A. replace 替换；B. repay 偿还；C. repair 修理；
D. recollect 回忆。根据前文“the survival rate of the trees was very slim”可知，很多树死了，需要用新树苗替
换。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她先种灌木和草来固定土壤。A. wash 清洗；B. hold 固定，保持；C. shade
遮蔽；D. bury 埋葬。根据前文“in a vast desert in northern China”及治沙常识可知，先种灌木和草是为了固
定沙土，防止流失。故选B。
55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，她的努力得到了回报。A. Initially 最初；B. Rapidly 迅速地；C.
Suddenly 突然；D. Slowly 慢慢地。根据后文“Over four decades”可知，治沙是长期过程，成果是慢慢显现
的。故选D。
56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这片贫瘠的土地变成了绿色的绿洲。A. barren 贫瘠的；B. deserted 被遗
弃的；C. uninhabited 无人居住的；D. remote 偏远的。根据前文“in a vast desert in northern China” 可知，
这片土地原本是贫瘠的荒漠。故选A。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015 年，他前往拜访她，并加入了她的团队。A. built 建造；B. led 带领；
C. completed 完成；D. joined 加入。根据后文“He learned to plant trees”可知，他加入了殷玉珍的治沙团队。
故选D。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他种了2000 多棵树，并与玉珍建立了深厚的纽带，称她为“姐姐”。A.
empathy 共情；B. bond 纽带，联系；C. purpose 目的；D. focus 焦点。根据后文“calling her his “sister””可
知，两人建立了深厚的情感联系。故选B。
59．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的友谊表明，环境保护是一项共同的使命，将各国人民联系在一起。
A. designed 设计好的；B. added 额外的；C. shared 共同的；D. fulfilled 完成的。根据后文“connects people
across borders”可知，环保是全人类共同的使命。故选C。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的友谊表明，环境保护是一项共同的使命，将各国人民联系在一起。
A. borders 国界；B. fences 栅栏；C. subjects 科目；D. hurdles 障碍。根据前文“Yuzhen’s story also inspired
an American teacher”可知，环保跨越了国界。故选A。
Passage 2
（2026·河南濮阳·二模）
I’m a college instructor guiding students in their academic projects. Last month, one student team listed my
name as their 166 in their business plan without my 167 . They were highly devoted to their
project. Therefore, I left a brief and gentle 168 on the document, suggesting they seek permission before
listing others’ names. I then 169 their plan and thought nothing more of it.
Several days later during my office hour, a shy and silent student from the team waited 170 outside my
office. He appeared deeply upset and his body 171 slightly. Upon entering the room, he begged me to shut
the door and repeatedly 172 Before I could ease his anxiety, he nervously claimed that the 173
was entirely his own. At the same time, he begged me not to 174 his teammates, which struck me
deeply.
I smiled and patted him gently on the shoulder to 175 his tension. I explained that it was 176
an innocent error and that I felt no anger at all. We then had a long 177 about the challenges and
expectations of their project, and he gradually 178 .
When he left my office, all signs of 179 had faded away. He stepped out with a broad smile and
steady steps, appearing delighted and 180 I could see he had regained his courage to face the project and
his teammates with a lighter heart.
166．A．membership B．competitor
C．advisor
D．helper
167．A．approval
B．attention
C．support
D．decision
168．A．warning
B．signal
C．notice
D．reminder
169．A．returned
B．revised
C．canceled
D．copied
170．A．breathlessly
B．anxiously
C．expectantly
D．patiently
171．A．leaned
B．froze
C．bent
D．shook
172．A．explained
B．complained
C．apologized
D．whispered
173．A．fault
B．doubt
C．arrangement
D．intention
174．A．punish
B．blame
C．disturb
D．disappoint
175．A．release
B．manage
C．relieve
D．handle
176．A．briefly
B．nearly
C．really
D．merely
177．A．debate
B．conversation
C．analysis
D．negotiation
178．A．calmed down B．cheered up
C．picked up
D．settled in
179．A．despair
B．sorrow
C．worry
D．boredom
180．A．peaceful
B．confident
C．grateful
D．comfortable
【答案】
166．C 167．A 168．D 169．A 170．B 171．D 172．C 173．A 174．B
175．C 176．D 177．B 178．A 179．C 180．B
【导语】主要介绍身为大学导师的作者，发现学生团队在商业计划中未经许可列其名，留便条提醒后，一
名学生为此事极度不安前来沟通，作者安抚学生，帮助其缓解焦虑的过程。
166．考查名词。句意：上个月，一个学生团队在他们的商业计划中把我的名字列为他们的顾问，未经我
的许可。A. membership 会员资格；B. competitor 竞争者；C. advisor 顾问；D. helper 帮手。根据前文“I’m
a college instructor guiding students in their academic projects.”可知，作者作为指导学生学术项目的大学讲师，
学生团队在商业计划中列作者名字，最可能是将作者列为顾问。
167．考查名词。句意：上个月，一个学生团队在他们的商业计划中把我的名字列为他们的顾问，未经我
的许可。A. approval 许可，批准；B. attention 注意力；C. support 支持；D. decision 决定。根据后文
“suggesting they seek permission before listing others’ names”作者建议他们列别人名字前寻求许可，可知学
生团队列作者名字时未获许可。
168．考查名词。句意：因此，我在文件上留了一个简短而温和的提醒，建议他们在列别人名字前寻求许
可。A. warning 警告；B. signal 信号；C. notice 通知；D. reminder 提醒。根据后文“suggesting they seek
permission before listing others’ names.”可知，作者只是温和地提出建议，这是一种温柔的提醒。
169．考查动词。句意：然后我把他们的计划返还，没再多想这件事。A. returned 返还；B. revised 修改；
C. canceled 取消；D. copied 复制。根据前文“suggesting they seek permission before listing others’ names.”以
及后文“thought nothing more of it.”可知，作者留下提醒后，正常的行为是将计划返还给学生团队。
170．考查副词。句意：几天后，在我的办公时间，团队里一个害羞沉默的学生在我办公室外焦虑地等着。
A. breathlessly 气喘吁吁地；B. anxiously 焦虑地；C. expectantly 期待地；D. patiently 耐心地。根据后文
“He appeared deeply upset and his body ________ slightly.”可知该学生极度不安，所以是焦虑地等待。
171．考查动词。句意：他看起来极度不安，身体微微颤抖。A. leaned 倾斜；B. froze 冻结；C. bent 弯曲；
D. shook 颤抖。根据前文“He appeared deeply upset”他极度不安的状态，身体微微颤抖符合这种情绪下的
表现。
172．考查动词。句意：一进房间，他就求我关上门，反复道歉。A. explained 解释；B. complained 抱怨；
C. apologized 道歉；D. whispered 低语。因为团队未经许可列作者名字，学生来是为这件事表达歉意。
173．考查名词。句意：在我能缓解他的焦虑之前，他紧张地声称错误完全是他自己的。A. fault 错误；B.
doubt 怀疑；C. arrangement 安排；D. intention 意图。根据前文“Last month, one student team listed my name
as their _____ in their business plan without my _____”学生认为团队未经许可列作者名字是错误，且强调是
自己的问题。
174．考查动词。句意：同时，他求我不要责怪他的队友，这让我深受触动。A. punish 惩罚；B. blame 责
怪；C. disturb 打扰；D. disappoint 使失望。根据前文“he nervously claimed that the _____ was entirely his
own.”可知，学生害怕作者因这件事责怪队友，所以请求作者不要这么做。
175．考查动词。句意：我微笑着轻轻拍了拍他的肩膀，缓解他的紧张情绪。A. release 释放；B. manage 管
理；C. relieve 缓解；D. handle 处理。根据前文“He appeared deeply upset and his body ____ slightly.”可知，
作者拍他肩膀的目的是让他紧张的情绪得到缓解。
176．考查副词。句意：我解释说这仅仅是一个无心之过，我一点也不生气。A. briefly 简要地；B. nearly
几乎；C. really 真正地；D. merely 仅仅。根据前文“an innocent error”可知，作者向学生说明这只是一个无
意的错误，merely“仅仅”符合语境。
177．考查名词。句意：然后我们就他们项目面临的挑战和期望进行了一次长时间的交谈，他逐渐平静下
来。A. debate 辩论；B. conversation 交谈；C. analysis 分析；D. negotiation 协商。根据后文“about the
challenges and expectations of their project”可知，作者和学生之间是友好的交流。
178．考查动词短语。句意：然后我们就他们项目面临的挑战和期望进行了一次长时间的交谈，他逐渐平
静下来。A. calmed down 平静下来；B. cheered up 振作起来；C. picked up 捡起；D. settled in 安顿下来。根
据前文“We then had a long____about the challenges and expectations of their project”通过交流，学生不再那
么紧张不安，逐渐平静下来。
179．考查名词。句意：当他离开我的办公室时，所有担忧的迹象都消失了。A. despair 绝望；B. sorrow 悲
伤；C. worry 担忧；D. boredom 无聊。根据前文“he gradually ____”提到学生极度不安、紧张，这里指他
离开时之前的担忧情绪消失。
180．考查形容词。句意：他面带灿烂的笑容，迈着稳健的步伐走了出去，显得很高兴且自信。A. peaceful
平静的；B. confident 自信的；C. grateful 感激的；D. comfortable 舒适的。根据前文“a broad smile and
steady steps”灿烂的笑容和稳健的步伐，可看出他变得自信。
主题02 人与自我
Passage 1
（2026·河南南阳·二模）
My mom, like most moms, cried the day she moved me into my freshman year dorm. Outside a bagel shop, as
I gave my final 76 , she burst into tears. It caught me completely 77 and, rather than comfort
her, I 78 an awkward wave and walked back to my dorm. Despite this, I would describe my relationship
with my mom as 79 close — I never kept secrets from her.
That attachment, however, also caused 80 , especially during college applications. In the thick of
winter break, my mom experienced immense anxiety over my future which she 81 into monitoring my
computer screen 24/7. During that time, we 82 so often that even a(n) 83 disagreement made
me prepare for a four-hour discussion.
At Georgetown University, I quickly 84 how much my mom determined my self-perception. I made
an effort to 85 myself independently of her and became comfortable with my self-image for the first
time.
Upon returning home for summer break, I noticed a 86 between us. One night, I shared my
insecurities, 87 that I thought she didn’t like me. She paused and then said, “I guess I needed to distance
myself. But, Alex, I love you, and I will always be here for you. And part of that means letting you 88 .”
That summer, we reflected on our relationship with a new 89 , realizing it was something that we
both chose to work toward. Our closeness came from 90 rather than necessity.
76．A．attempt
B．answer
C．hug
D．nod
77．A．on edge
B．off guard
C．at ease
D．in awe
78．A．brushed off
B．hid behind
C．laughed off
D．settled for
79．A．hardly
B．uniquely
C．seemingly
D．increasingly
80．A．confusion
B．misunderstandings C．tensions
D．envy
81．A．pushed
B．channeled
C．integrated
D．adapted
82．A．brainstormed
B．cooperated
C．regretted
D．fought
83．A．occasional
B．sharp
C．slight
D．open
84．A．measured
B．noticed
C．doubted
D．forgot
85．A．accept
B．challenge
C．establish
D．support
86．A．distrust
B．distance
C．familiarity
D．harmony
87．A．demanding
B．dreaming
C．forecasting
D．admitting
88．A．go
B．shine
C．choose
D．rest
89．A．openness
B．source
C．version
D．break
90．A．pretense
B．communication
C．honesty
D．intention
【答案】
76．C 77．B 78．D 79．B 80．C 81．B 82．D 83．C 84．B 85．C
86．B 87．D 88．A 89．A 90．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从依赖母亲到追求独立自我认知的成长过程，以及在此过程
中与母亲关系紧张、疏离到最终通过坦诚沟通，重新建立起一种基于相互理解的亲子关系的经历。
76．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一家百吉饼店外，当我给了她最后一个拥抱时，她突然泪流满面。A.
attempt 尝试；B. answer 回答；C. hug 拥抱；D. nod 点头。根据上文“she moved me into my freshman year
dorm”可知，此处描述作者搬入宿舍前的最后告别场景，这种时刻“拥抱”是亲人间最自然的告别方式。
故选C。
77．考查介词短语辨析。句意：这让我完全措手不及，我没有安慰她，而是勉强做了一个尴尬的挥手动作，
然后走回了宿舍。A. on edge 紧张不安；B. off guard 措手不及；C. at ease 自在；D. in awe 敬畏。根据下文
“rather than comfort her”和“an awkward wave and walked back to my dorm”可知，作者没有安慰哭泣的母亲，
只是尴尬地挥手，然后走回了宿舍，表明这让作者“措手不及”，短语catch sb. off guard 意为“使某人措
手不及”。故选B。
78．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这让我完全措手不及，我没有安慰她，而是勉强做了一个尴尬的挥手动作，
然后走回了宿舍。A. brushed off 不理会；B. hid behind 躲在……后面；C. laughed off 一笑置之；D. settled
for 勉强接受。根据上文“rather than comfort her”和下文“an awkward wave and walked back to my dorm”可
知，作者没有安慰哭泣的母亲，对母亲的哭泣感到意外，不知如何应对，只能“勉强”用挥手告别。故选
D。
79．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍会形容我和妈妈的关系格外亲密——我从未对她隐瞒过秘
密。A. hardly 几乎不；B. uniquely 独特地；C. seemingly 表面上；D. increasingly 越来越。根据下文“I
never kept secrets from her”可知，作者从未对母亲隐瞒过秘密，说明这种亲密关系“非同寻常”。故选B。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种依恋也导致了紧张关系，尤其是在大学申请期间。A. confusion
困惑；B. misunderstandings 误解；C. tensions 紧张；D. envy 嫉妒。根据下文“my mom experienced
immense anxiety over my future”可知，母亲对作者的未来感到极度焦虑，说明这种依恋也导致了“紧张关
系”。故选C。
81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在寒假最忙碌的时候，母亲对我的未来感到极度焦虑，她将这种焦虑转化
为对我电脑屏幕全天候的监控。A. pushed 推动；B. channeled 把……导向；C. integrated 整合；D. adapted
适应。根据上文“my mom experienced immense anxiety over my future”和下文“into monitoring my computer
screen 24/7”可知，此处描述将抽象情绪转化为具体监控行动的过程，channeled“把……导向”符合语境，
短语channel… into…意为“把……导向……”，表明母亲将这种焦虑转化为对作者电脑屏幕全天候的监控。
故选B。
82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我们争吵得如此频繁，以至于即使是轻微的分歧，也让我
准备好进行长达四小时的讨论。A. brainstormed 集思广益；B. cooperated 合作；C. regretted 后悔；D. fought
争论。根据上文“monitoring my computer screen 24/7”可知，母亲对作者电脑屏幕全天候监控，这会导致两
人之间的“争吵”。故选D。
83．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我们争吵得如此频繁，以至于即使是轻微的分歧，也让
我准备好进行长达四小时的讨论。A. occasional 偶尔的；B. sharp 尖锐的；C. slight 轻微的；D. open 公开的。
根据上文“even”和下文“a four-hour discussion”可知，slight“轻微的”符合语境，与下文的“four-hour
discussion”形成强烈对比，突出两人间的紧张状态。故选C。
84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在乔治城大学，我很快注意到妈妈对我的自我认知有多大的影响。A.
measured 测量；B. noticed 注意到；C. doubted 怀疑；D. forgot 忘记。根据上文“At Georgetown University”
可知，作者进入大学后，与母亲分开了，开始“注意到”母亲对自己自我认知的巨大影响。故选B。
85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力建立独立于她的自己，并且第一次对自己的自我形象感到坦然。A.
accept 接受；B. challenge 挑战；C. establish 建立；D. support 支持。根据下文“became comfortable with my
self-image for the first time”可知，作者第一次对自己的自我形象感到坦然，这一结果源于“建立”独立的
自己。故选C。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：暑假回家时，我注意到我们之间出现了一种距离感。A. distrust 不信任；B.
distance 距离；C. familiarity 熟悉；D. harmony 和谐。根据下文“I guess I needed to distance myself.”可知，
此处是同词复现，暑假回家后，作者注意到两人之间出现的这种“距离感”。故选B。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我分享了我的不安全感，承认我以为她不喜欢我。A.
demanding 要求；B. dreaming 梦想；C. forecasting 预测；D. admitting 承认。根据上文“I shared my
insecurities”可知，作者分享自己的不安全感，这是一个“承认”感受的过程。故选D。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：而这份爱的一部分，意味着要放开你。A. go 去；B. shine 闪耀；C. choose
选择；D. rest 休息。根据上文“I guess I needed to distance myself.”可知，母亲坦言自己需要和作者保持一
些距离，意味着要“放开”作者，短语let… go 意为“放开……”。故选A。
89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个夏天，我们以一种新的开放态度反思了我们的关系，意识到这是我们
双方都选择去努力经营的东西。A. openness 开放；B. source 来源；C. version 版本；D. break 休息。根据上
文“I shared my insecurities”和“I guess I needed to distance myself. But, Alex, I love you, and I will always be
here for you.”可知，作者分享不安，母亲解释原因，双方以一种新的“开放”态度来反思关系。故选A。
90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的亲密源于共同的意愿，而非仅仅是必要。A. pretense 假装；B.
communication 沟通；C. honesty 诚实；D. intention 意图。根据上文“realizing it was something that we both
chose to work toward”可知，作者和母亲都选择努力维护彼此的关系，强调双方的主动性，表明这种亲密来
源于彼此的“意愿”而非仅仅因为血缘的必要。故选D。
Passage 2
（2026·河南郑州·二模）
I look at the notebooks in front of me, whose covers hold pages of slightly different shades of white. They
were filled with scribbles (潦草的字) of informational 106 and short stories in Chinese.
It started with textbooks mailed to us by a cousin in China, filled with little notes that offered a quick look into
school life there — a life so 107 , yet so different from my American experience. These books became
my 108 in reading and writing Chinese.
Hour after hour throughout most of my childhood, I copied texts over and over. They became the building
blocks that 109 my proficiency (熟练) far above my classmates’. The cost was the pain in my fingers,
which turned into a lasting 110 of the characters instead. Now I no longer copy textbooks. I maintain my
proficiency in the language by being 111 in the exciting world of online novels.
Many of my Chinese American friends don’t share the same 112 in reading. It’s a bit heartbreaking that
I can’t fully share the beauty and complexity of Chinese with my friends. But we still have fun speaking Mandarin
(普通话) sometimes. There’s something especially amusing about hearing high schoolers who can 113
polished English essays using simple, childish Mandarin phrases. And it’s 114 , too — a small escape from
the stress of school, in a language that reminds us of our 115 .
People often describe New York as a melting pot of cultures, but it’s 116 to know that in this
busy city, there’s also a place for me and the language I 117 inside. Walking through Chinatown, I can
see beyond the English translations of shop signs and understand the meaning hidden beneath. It feels like being let
in on a special secret, a way to 118 a close-knit community and find a moment of 119 .
When I’m riding back on the bus after a long trip, the sight of bright signs written in familiar characters tells
me more than what’s for sale — it tells me I’m 120 .
106．A．clues
B．texts
C．drawings
D．signs
107．A．attractive
B．simple
C．unique
D．similar
108．A．teachers
B．goals
C．guidelines
D．partners
109．A．witnessed
B．demonstrated
C．boosted
D．accessed
110．A．memory
B．secret
C．desire
D．experience
111．A．trapped
B．included
C．absorbed
D．occupied
112．A．passion
B．practice
C．patience
D．taste
113．A．study
B．write
C．improve
D．publish
114．A．unimaginable B．influential
C．impressive
D．heartwarming
115．A．roots
B．textbooks
C．characters
D．responsibilities
116．A．appealing
B．necessary
C．comforting
D．possible
117．A．develop
B．speak
C．carry
D．hide
118．A．connect with B．integrate into
C．contribute to
D．care for
119．A．calm
B．excitement
C．relief
D．success
120．A．abroad
B．somewhere
C．alone
D．home
【答案】
106．B 107．D 108．A 109．C 110．A 111．C 112．D 113．B 114．D
115．A 116．C 117．C 118．B 119．A 120．D
【导语】文章主要讲述了作者从小借助中文课本反复抄写练习中文读写，熟练掌握中文后，在和美籍华裔
朋友相处、漫步唐人街的过程中，感受到中文带来的独特归属感与心灵慰藉，体会到语言背后的文化根基
与温暖力量的故事。
106．考查名词。句意：本子上写满了知识性文字潦草的字迹和中文短篇故事。A. clues 线索；B. texts 文字、
文本；C. drawings 绘画；D. signs 标志。根据下文“It started with textbooks mailed to us by a cousin in China”
以及“I copied texts over and over.”可知，作者长期抄写文字内容，笔记本上会记录知识性文本内容。
107．考查形容词。句意：这一切始于一位在中国的表亲寄给我们的课本，这些课本里写满简短批注，让
我快速了解国内的校园生活 —— 一段十分相似，却又和我的美式生活截然不同的经历。A. attractive 吸引
人的；B. simple 简单的；C. unique 独特的；D. similar 相似的。根据下文“yet so different from my American
experience”中转折连词yet 可知，前后形成对比，此处表示两种生活既有相似之处又存在差异。
108．考查名词。句意：这些书籍成为了我学习中文读写的老师。A. teachers 老师；B. goals 目标；C.
guidelines 指导方针；D. partners 伙伴。根据下文“reading and writing Chinese”，可知下文提到了中文的读
写，可推理出这些课本指引自己学习中文，起到了老师的作用。
109．考查动词。句意：这些积累的内容夯实了我的基础，让我的中文熟练程度远超同班同学。A.
witnessed 见证；B. demonstrated 展示；C. boosted 提升、促进；D. accessed 获取。根据后文“far above my
classmates’”可知，下文提到了作者的中文熟练程度远超同班同学，可推理出反复抄写文本的行为大幅提升
了作者的中文水平。
110．考查名词。句意：付出的代价是手指的酸痛，而这份辛苦最终化作对汉字长久的记忆。A. memory 记
忆；B. secret 秘密；C. desire 渴望；D. experience 经历。根据上文“lasting”以及下文“the characters”，可知，
上文提到了长久的，下文说的是汉字，可推理出长期的书写练习会让人牢牢记住汉字，形成长久记忆。
111．考查形容词。句意：如今我不再抄写课本，而是沉浸在精彩的网络小说世界里，以此保持自身的中
文熟练度。A. trapped 被困住的；B. included 包含在内的；C. absorbed 专注的、沉浸的；D. occupied 忙碌的。
根据下文“in the exciting world of online novels”可知，下文提到了精彩的网络小说世界，可推理出作者沉
浸于网络小说的阅读中，以此巩固语言能力。
112．考查名词。句意：我的许多美籍华裔朋友都没有和我一样的阅读喜好。A. passion 热爱；B. practice
练习；C. patience 耐心；D. taste 喜好、品味。根据下文“It’s a bit heartbreaking that I can’t fully share the
beauty and complexity of Chinese with my friends”可知，下文说的是竟无法向朋友们淋漓尽致地展现中文之
美与其中的精妙复杂，可推理出此处说的是我的许多美籍华裔朋友都没有和我一样的阅读喜好。
113．考查动词。句意：听到那些能写出措辞精炼英文文章的高中生却只会用简单、幼稚的普通话短语（交
流），这一点十分有趣。A. study 学习；B. write 书写；C. improve 提升；D. publish 出版。根据下文
“polished English essays using simple, childish Mandarin phrases”可知，下文提到了流畅英文文章，还提到了
使用简单稚嫩的普通话，可推理出此处说的是使用简单稚嫩的普通话写出流畅英文文章。
114．考查形容词。句意：这也十分暖心，用一门时刻提醒着我们自身根源的语言暂时逃离学业压力。A.
unimaginable 难以想象的；B. influential 有影响力的；C. impressive 令人印象深刻的；D. heartwarming 暖心
的。根据下文“a small escape from the stress of school”可知，下文说的是暂时逃离学业压力。可推理出此处
说的是这是十分暖心的一幕。
115．考查名词。句意：同上。A. roots 根源、根基；B. textbooks 课本；C. characters 汉字；D.
responsibilities 责任。根据上文“in a language that reminds us of our”可知，上文提到了语言，还提到了让作
者想起了什么，作者是中国人，对作者来说汉语就是他的根。
116．考查形容词。句意：人们常将纽约形容为文化的大熔炉，但令人欣慰的是，在这座繁忙的城市里，
也有一个属于我的地方，承载着我内心深处的语言。A. appealing 吸引人的；B. necessary 必要的；C.
comforting 令人宽慰的；D. possible 可能的。根据下文“in this busy city, there’s also a place for me”，可知在
陌生的城市拥有专属的语言与精神角落，能够给作者带来心灵上的安慰。
117．考查动词。句意：同上。A. develop 培养；B. speak 说；C. carry 承载；D. hide 隐藏。根据上文“I
maintain my proficiency in the language”可知，作者的中文很熟练，中文是作者在内心承载的语言，是作者
内心重要的精神寄托。
118．考查动词短语。句意：这种感觉，仿佛被接纳为某个特殊秘密的知情者——它既是融入紧密社群的
纽带，也是寻得片刻安宁的途径。A. connect with 联系；B. integrate into 融入；C. contribute to 有助于；D.
care for 照顾。根据下文“a close-knit community”可知，下文提到了紧密社群，可推理出语言的优势是帮助
自己融入当地华人社群。
119．考查名词。句意：同上。A. calm 平静；B. excitement 兴奋；C. relief 解脱；D. success 成功。根据上
文“Walking through Chinatown, I can see beyond the English translations of shop signs and understand the
meaning hidden beneath”可知，身处唐人街、读懂中文标识，能让作者收获内心的平静与安稳。
120．考查副词。句意：长途出行后乘坐公交返程，熟悉汉字招牌映入眼帘时，我感受到了归属感，知晓
这里便是心安之处。A. abroad 在国外；B. somewhere 在某处；C. alone 独自的；D. home 家、归属。根据上
文“When I’m riding back on the bus after a long trip, the sight of bright signs written in familiar characters tells
me more than what’s for sale”可知，作者结束长途旅程搭乘公交返程时，看到熟悉的中文符号代表着文化归
属，让作者心生回家的感觉。
Passage 3
（2026·河南·二模）
It was 10 p.m. on a winter night in Boston. I sat in the sofa, staring at a 121 Word document. My
paper proposal deadline drew near. I hadn’t written a word despite weeks of thinking. Earlier that evening, when I
met another Ph.D．student, Sachin, he was equally 122 — buried under the weight of a fellowship
application. So, we made an 123 : After dinner, we would sit together, laptops open, phones away. It was
the push I needed to finally start writing.
I always 124 writing tasks, waiting for the perfect moment for thoughts to flow. But that moment
never really arrives, and I end up with a 125 written piece only when the deadline becomes dangerously
close.
Sachin and I both grew up in India, where competition is fierce and pursuing 126 is prized. We
carried a perfectionist mindset into graduate school, and new pressures made us want faultless first drafts, but the
result was a 127 .
Having someone beside me 128 everything. It was a means to ensure 129 . Our informal
agreement soon became a 130 . We scheduled weekly 90-minute sessions for focused writing, setting a
small goal each time — it made the sessions surprisingly 131 .
Small wins built momentum (动力) and 132 . Writing never got easy, but it became less 133
. Later, we launched peer co-working sessions for other students. What began as two stuck students soon became a
small 134 . Our experience showed us that responsibility, companionship, and a shared sense of 135
can lower the barriers that make writing so frightening. No one should have to write alone.
121．A．clear
B．draft
C．blank
D．complex
122．A．stuck
B．restricted
C．respected
D．fascinated
123．A．apology
B．agreement
C．impression
D．argument
124．A．give up
B．put off
C．turn down
D．hand out
125．A．neatly
B．secretly
C．carefully
D．hurriedly
126．A．justice
B．pleasure
C．excellence
D．stability
127．A．balance
B．block
C．response
D．relief
128．A．predicted
B．replaced
C．observed
D．changed
129．A．responsibility B．novelty
C．flexibility
D．honesty
130．A．bill
B．habit
C．problem
D．trick
131．A．respective
B．attractive
C．productive
D．alternative
132．A．confidence
B．generosity
C．convenience
D．curiosity
133．A．perfect
B．particular
C．relative
D．lonely
134．A．dream
B．community
C．difference
D．part
135．A．purpose
B．security
C．worth
D．happiness
【答案】
121．C 122．A 123．B 124．B 125．D 126．C 127．B 128．D 129．A
130．B 131．C 132．A 133．D 134．B 135．A
【导语】文章讲述了作者和同学因写作陷入困境，约定一起写作，最终形成习惯并建立写作社群，克服写
作障碍的故事。
121．考查形容词。句意：我坐在沙发上，盯着一个空白的Word 文档。A. clear 清晰的；B. draft 草稿；C.
blank 空白的；D. complex 复杂的。根据后文“I hadn’t written a word despite weeks of thinking.”可知，作者
一个字都没写，所以文档是空白的。
122．考查形容词。句意：那天晚上早些时候，我遇到另一个博士生Sachin，他也同样陷入困境——被奖
学金申请的压力压得喘不过气来。A. stuck 被困住的、陷入困境的；B. restricted 受限制的；C. respected 受
尊重的；D. fascinated 入迷的。根据破折号后“buried under the weight of a fellowship application”以及后文
“What began as two stuck students”可知，Sachin 也和作者一样陷入了困境。
123．考查名词。句意：所以，我们达成了一个协议：晚饭后，我们坐在一起，打开笔记本电脑，放下手
机。A. apology 道歉；B. agreement 协议；C. impression 印象；D. argument 争论。根据后文“After dinner,
we would sit together, laptops open, phones away.”以及“Our informal agreement”可知，两人达成了一个约定。
124．考查动词短语。句意：我总是推迟写作任务，等待思维流畅的完美时刻。A. give up 放弃；B. put off
推迟；C. turn down 拒绝；D. hand out 分发。根据后文“waiting for the perfect moment for thoughts to flow.
But that moment never really arrives”可知，作者一直在等所谓的完美时刻，也就是一直在推迟写作。
125．考查副词。句意：但那个时刻从未真正到来，最后我只能在截止日期临近时匆忙写完一篇文章。A.
neatly 整洁地；B. secretly 秘密地；C. carefully 仔细地；D. hurriedly 匆忙地。根据后文“the deadline
becomes dangerously close”可知，截止日期快到了，所以只能匆忙完成写作。
126．考查名词。句意：Sachin 和我都在印度长大，那里竞争激烈，追求卓越是被推崇的。A. justice 公正；
B. pleasure 快乐；C. excellence 卓越；D. stability 稳定。根据前文“competition is fierce”以及后文“We
carried a perfectionist mindset into graduate school”可知，在竞争激烈的环境中，追求卓越是被看重的，这也
让他们形成了完美主义心态。
127．考查名词。句意：我们把完美主义心态带到了研究生院，新的压力让我们想要完美的初稿，但结果
却是写作停滞。A. balance 平衡；B. block 阻碍、停滞；C. response 回应；D. relief 宽慰。根据前文作者和
Sachin 都陷入写作困境，以及“want faultless first drafts”可推知，想要完美初稿的心态反而让他们写不出东
西，陷入了写作停滞。
128．考查动词。句意：有个人在我身边改变了一切。A. predicted 预测；B. replaced 代替；C. observed 观察；
D. changed 改变。根据前文“After dinner, we would sit together, laptops open, phones away. It was the push I
needed to finally start writing.”以及他们后续的写作进展可知，有人陪伴的情况改变了之前的困境。
129．考查名词。句意：这是确保责任感的一种方式。A. responsibility 责任感；B. novelty 新奇；C.
flexibility 灵活性；D. honesty 诚实。根据后文“Our experience showed us that responsibility, companionship”
可知，两人一起写作，彼此监督，能确保自己承担起写作的责任。
130．考查名词。句意：我们的非正式协议很快变成了一种习惯。A. bill 账单；B. habit 习惯；C. problem 问
题；D. trick 诡计。根据后文“We scheduled weekly 90-minute sessions for focused writing”可知，他们开始每
周安排写作时间，说明这种约定变成了习惯。
131．考查形容词。句意：我们每周安排90 分钟的专注写作时间，每次设定一个小目标——这让写作时段
出人意料地富有成效。A. respective 各自的；B. attractive 有吸引力的；C. productive 富有成效的；D.
alternative 可供选择的。根据后文“Small wins built momentum (动力)”可知，设定小目标让他们获得了小成
功，说明写作很有成效。
132．考查名词。句意：小的成功建立了动力和信心。A. confidence 信心；B. generosity 慷慨；C.
convenience 便利；D. curiosity 好奇心。根据前文“Small wins built momentum (动力)”可知，不断的小成功
会让人更有信心。
133．考查形容词。句意：写作从来都不容易，但它不再那么孤独了。A. perfect 完美的；B. particular 特别
的；C. relative 相对的；D. lonely 孤独的。根据前文“Having someone beside me”以及后文“No one should
have to write alone.”可知，有人陪伴写作，所以不再孤独。
134．考查名词。句意：一开始是两个陷入困境的学生，很快就变成了一个小社群。A. dream 梦想；B.
community 社群；C. difference 差异；D. part 部分。根据前文“Later, we launched peer co-working sessions
for other students.”可知，他们为其他学生开展了同伴协作写作活动，形成了一个小社群。
135．考查名词。句意：我们的经验告诉我们，责任感、陪伴感和共同的目标感可以降低让写作如此可怕
的障碍。A. purpose 目标；B. security 安全；C. worth 价值；D. happiness 幸福。根据前文两人一起设定写作
小目标，以及开展同伴写作活动可知，大家有着共同的写作目标，这种目标感帮助克服了写作障碍。
Passage 4
（2026·河南信阳·二模）
The summer I turned 16, I decided to become a guitarist. I found online lessons, and 151 .
For week one, it was great. My fingers 152 , but I told myself that was part of the process. Physical
pain meant 153 . I was convinced that I’d be playing my favorite songs in no time. Then week two 154
. The simple chords (和弦) felt impossible. I practiced with my door locked, 155 for anyone to hear. By
week three, the guitar sat in the corner, gathering 156 . Every time I looked at it, I felt a wave of 157
. But picking it up again felt even worse.
Dad found me staring at it one afternoon. “You quit?” he asked. I 158 . “I’m just not cut out for it.”
He sat down. “I once learned the piano for only two weeks. But I learned failing at something doesn’t mean you 159
your time. It just means you find out it isn’t your thing. That’s 160 too.” I didn’t pick the guitar back up.
But I kept 161 about what he said. We hear so much about never quitting. But there’s something to trying
something. It’s that you 162 it a real shot, and walk away when it doesn’t fit. The next year, I joined the
photography club. It 163 I had a good eye for light and composition. And I 164 found my way
there by failing at guitar.
Sometimes you have to try the 165 thing to recognize what the right thing feels like.
151．A．waited
B．practiced
C．struggled
D．cheered
152．A．healed
B．ached
C．strengthened
D．softened
153．A．progress
B．attempt
C．responsibility
D．patience
154．A．left
B．arrived
C．remained
D．disappeared
155．A．excited
B．surprised
C．disappointed
D．embarrassed
156．A．dust
B．mud
C．soil
D．mark
157．A．pride
B．relief
C．guilt
D．delight
158．A．nodded
B．shouted
C．hesitated
D．agreed
159．A．save
B．waste
C．spend
D．kill
160．A．strange
B．normal
C．striking
D．valuable
161．A．worrying
B．dreaming
C．thinking
D．asking
162．A．have
B．make
C．take
D．give
163．A．turned out
B．came out
C．figured out
D．found out
164．A．quickly
B．easily
C．eventually
D．directly
165．A．good
B．same
C．simple
D．wrong
【答案】
151．B 152．B 153．A 154．B 155．D 156．A 157．C 158．A 159．B
160．D 161．C 162．D 163．A 164．C 165．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者16 岁那年决定成为吉他手，起初满怀信心练习，却因遇到困难而放弃。父
亲告诉作者，失败并不意味着浪费时间，反而能帮助自己认清方向。后来作者加入摄影俱乐部，发现了自
己的天赋，也领悟到：有时需要尝试错误的事情，才能认清什么是适合自己的正确选择。
151．考查动词。句意：我找到了在线课程，然后开始练习。A. waited 等待；B. practiced 练习；C.
struggled 挣扎；D. cheered 欢呼。根据前文“I decided to become a guitarist. I found online lessons”可知，作
者决定学吉他并找到了在线课程，接下来自然是开始练习。
152．考查动词。句意：我的手指很疼，但我告诉自己这是过程的一部分。A. healed 治愈；B. ached 疼痛；
C. strengthened 加强；D. softened 软化。根据后文“Physical pain”可知，作者的手指很疼。
153．考查名词。句意：身体疼痛意味着进步。A. progress 进步；B. attempt 尝试；C. responsibility 责任；
D. patience 耐心。根据前文“My fingers ____, but I told myself that was part of the process.”可知，作者认为
手指疼痛是学习吉他过程中的一部分，即意味着进步。
154．考查动词。句意：然后第二周来了。A. left 离开；B. arrived 到达；C. remained 保持；D. disappeared
消失。根据前文“For week one, it was great.”以及后文“The simple chords (和弦) felt impossible.”可知，第
一周进展顺利，但第二周情况发生了变化，即第二周来了。
155．考查形容词。句意：我锁着门练习，不好意思让任何人听到。A. excited 兴奋的；B. surprised 惊讶的；
C. disappointed 失望的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据前文“The simple chords (和弦) felt impossible.”可知，
作者觉得简单的和弦都很难，因此锁着门练习是怕被人听到而感到尴尬，符合其受挫后的心态，贴合语境。
156．考查名词。句意：到了第三周，吉他放在角落里，积满了灰尘。A. dust 灰尘；B. mud 泥；C. soil 土
壤；D. mark 标记。根据前文“By week three, the guitar sat in the corner”可知，吉他上积满了灰尘。
157．考查名词。句意：每次我看到它，我都感到一阵内疚。A. pride 骄傲；B. relief 宽慰；C. guilt 内疚；
D. delight 高兴。根据前文“By week three, the guitar sat in the corner, gathering ____”可知，作者放弃了学吉
他，吉他被放在角落里积灰，因此每次看到它都会感到内疚。
158．考查动词。句意：我点了点头。A. nodded 点头；B. shouted 大喊；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. agreed 同意。
根据后文“I’m just not cut out for it”(我只是不适合做这个)，可知作者承认自己放弃了，所以会“点头”回
应父亲的问题，符合语境。
159．考查动词。句意：但我明白失败在某件事上并不意味着你浪费了时间。A. save 节省；B. waste 浪费；
C. spend 花费；D. kill 杀死。根据后文“It just means you find out it isn’t your thing.”可知，父亲认为失败只
是意味着发现某件事不适合自己，并不意味着浪费了时间。
160．考查形容词。句意：那也是很有价值的。A. strange 奇怪的；B. normal 正常的；C. striking 引人注目
的；D. valuable 有价值的。根据前文“But I learned failing at something doesn’t mean you ____ your time. It
just means you find out it isn’t your thing.”可知，父亲认为从失败中学习也是很有价值的。
161．考查动词。句意：但我一直想着他说的话。A. worrying 担心；B. dreaming 梦想；C. thinking 思考；
D. asking 询问。根据后文“We hear so much about never quitting. But there’s something to trying something.”可
知，作者一直在思考父亲说的话。
162．考查动词。句意：那就是你真正尝试过，然后在发现不适合时离开。A. have 有；B. make 制作；C.
take 拿走；D. give 给予。根据后文“and walk away when it doesn’t fit”可知，此处指真正尝试过某件事，
give sth. a real shot 为固定搭配，意为“真正尝试某事”。
163．考查动词短语。句意：结果证明，我天生擅长捕捉光线与构图。A. turned out 结果证明；B. came out
出版；C. figured out 弄清楚；D. found out 发现。根据后文“I had a good eye for light and composition”可知，
结果证明作者天生擅长捕捉光线与构图。
164．考查副词。句意：我最终通过吉他失败找到了自己的路。A. quickly 迅速地；B. easily 容易地；C.
eventually 最终；D. directly 直接地。根据前文“The next year, I joined the photography club.”以及后文
“found my way there by failing at guitar”再结合前文作者学吉他失败、思考父亲的话、加入摄影俱乐部，可
知这是一个循序渐进的过程，“eventually”体现了最终的结果，符合语境。
165．考查形容词。句意：有时候你必须尝试错误的事情才能认识到正确的事情是什么感觉。A. good 好的；
B. same 相同的；C. simple 简单的；D. wrong 错误的。根据前文作者学吉他的经历以及后文“to recognize
what the right thing feels like”可知，有时候必须尝试错误的事情才能认识到正确的事情是什么感觉。
