专题08 说明文阅读
（一）
（2025 年岳阳市一模）
C
Scientists have long known that plants react to their environment in all sorts of ways. For example, they grow
toward sunlight and release chemicals to fight off insects that want to eat them. Not all scientists are comfortable
calling those abilities “awareness,” a word many people use to describe only humans and animals. But for
Gagliano, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Western Australia, it’s obvious. “Plants are responding to
the environment and the information that the environment is providing them,” she says. “That’s awareness.”
The challenge for scientists like her is to prove it. So Gagliano created an experiment. She attached potted
mimosa (含羞草) plants to a metal rail and dropped them, letting them quickly slide down six inches. At first, all
the mimosa plants closed their leaves when they fell. But once Gagliano had dropped them several times, they got
used to it and started to keep their leaves open during the fall. Then Gagliano left the mimosa plants alone for
almost a month. When she came back and dropped them again, they still didn’t close their leaves. Gagliano’s work
showed mimosa plants could not only learn from past experiences, but they could also remember them for a long
time.
More recently, Gagliano gave pea plants a chance to shine. Plants make their food out of sunlight, so they
grow toward light sources. Every time Gagliano shined a light source at her pea plants, she also pointed a fan at
them. The breeze came from the same direction as the light. After three days of training, she took away the light
source and just pointed a fan at the plants. Sure enough, most of the pea plants grew toward the breeze. They had
learned to associate it with light. “That was pretty amazing. It shows a real choice, a real decision,” she says.
Gagliano hopes her experiments will inspire other scientists to give plants more credit. “Humans have a
tendency to look at our perspective as the only available one, and the only worthwhile one,” she says. Her
experiments help reveal how much we humans have overlooked, just because we didn’t know how to see what
plants were really up to.
8. Which of the following can be regarded as “awareness” of plants according to Gagliano?
A. Plants eat insects for food.
B. Plants’ leaves produce oxygen.
C. Plants’ roots grow toward water source.
D. Plants release chemicals to attract insects.
9. Why did Gagliano drop the mimosa plants several times in her first experiment?
A. To help them to grow better.
B. To test whether they have memories.
C. To see if they can close their leaves.
D. To create a challenging environment for them.
10. What can be concluded about pea plants from paragraph 3?
A. They shine with sunlight.
B. They are sensitive to changes.
C. They grow towards breeze naturally.
D. They respond to the environment well.
11. What does Gagliano mean in the last paragraph?
A. Plant behaviors are too complex to understand.
B. Plants should be treated like humans and animals.
C. Plants may have more potential than humans thought.
D. Humans have a unique perspective in the study of plants.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家Gagliano 通过实验证明植物具有“意识”和反应能力。
【8 题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段中““ Plants are responding to the environment and the information that the
environment is providing them,” she says. “That’s awareness.” (“植物正在对环境以及环境提供给它们的信息作
出反应，”她说，“这就是意识。”)”可知，Gagliano 认为植物对环境及其提供的信息作出反应就是“意
识”。因此，植物朝向水源生长可以被视为植物的“意识”。故选C。
【9 题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“ The challenge for scientists like her is to prove it. So Gagliano created an
experiment. She attached potted mimosa (含羞草) plants to a metal rail and dropped them, letting them quickly
slide down six inches. At first, all the mimosa plants closed their leaves when they fell. But once Gagliano had
dropped them several times, they got used to it and started to keep their leaves open during the fall. Then Gagliano
left the mimosa plants alone for almost a month. When she came back and dropped them again, they still didn’t
close their leaves. Gagliano’s work showed mimosa plants could not only learn from past experiences, but they
could also remember them for a long time. (像她这样的科学家面临的挑战是如何证明这一点。于是，Gagliano
设计了一个实验。她将盆栽的含羞草植物绑在金属轨道上，然后让它们迅速滑落六英寸。起初，当含羞草
植物落下时，它们的叶子都会闭合。但Gagliano 多次让它们落下后，它们就习惯了，在落下时开始保持叶
子张开。然后，Gagliano 让含羞草植物独自放置了近一个月。当她回来再次让它们落下时，它们的叶子仍
然没有闭合。Gagliano 的研究表明，含羞草植物不仅能够从过去的经历中学习，而且还能长时间记住这些
经历)”可推知，Gagliano 在第一次实验中多次让含羞草植物掉落是为了测试它们是否有记忆能力。故选
B。
【10 题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段中“After three days of training, she took away the light source and just pointed a fan
at the plants. Sure enough, most of the pea plants grew toward the breeze. They had learned to associate it with
light. (经过三天的训练后，她拿走了光源，只对着植物吹风扇。果然，大多数豌豆植物都朝着微风的方向
生长。它们已经学会了将微风与光线联系起来)”可知，豌豆植物在经过训练后学会了将风与光联系起来，
说明它们对环境有很好的反应能力。故选D。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Gagliano hopes her experiments will inspire other scientists to give plants more
credit. “Humans have a tendency to look at our perspective as the only available one, and the only worthwhile
one,” she says. Her experiments help reveal how much we humans have overlooked, just because we didn’t know
how to see what plants were really up to. (Gagliano 希望她的实验能激励其他科学家对植物给予更多的认可。
“人类往往认为我们的视角是唯一可用的视角，也是唯一有价值的视角，”她说。她的实验有助于揭示我
们人类因为不知道如何观察植物的真实行为而忽略了多少东西)”可知，Gagliano 希望她的实验能够激励其
他科学家更加重视植物，她的实验揭示了人类因为不知道如何观察而忽略了很多植物的潜能。因此，她认
为植物可能比人类想象的有更多的潜能。故选C。
（二）
（2025 年岳阳市一模）
D
Recently, researchers have used a machine-learning algorithm (算法) to recognize the seemingly mysterious
facial expressions of laboratory mice. The work could have implications for locating neurons ( 神经元) in the
human brain that encode particular expressions. Their study “is an important first step” in understanding some of
the mysterious aspects of emotions and how they present in the brain, says neuroscientist David Anderson at the
California Institute of Technology.
Neuroscientist Nadine Gogolla, who led the study, took inspiration from a 2014 paper that Anderson wrote
with his workmate Ralph Adolphs. In the study, they theorized ‘brain states’ such as emotions should exhibit
particular characteristics — they should be persistent, for example, enduring for some time after the stimulus that
aroused them has disappeared. And they should vary with the strength of the stimulus.
Gogolla’s team fixed the heads of mice to keep them still, then provided different sensory stimuli intended to
trigger particular emotions, and filmed the animals’ faces. They knew a mouse can change its expression by moving
its ears, cheeks, nose and the upper parts of its eyes, but couldn’t reliably assign the expressions to particular
emotions. So they broke down the videos of facial-muscle movements into ultra-short snapshots as the animals
responded to the different stimuli. Machine-learning algorithms recognized distinct expressions, which correlated
with the aroused emotional states, such as pleasure, disgust or fear. The facial expressions had the characteristics
that Anderson and Adolphs had proposed.
The scientists then searched for brain cells that might encode these emotions in the brain. Using optogenetics
(光遗传学) they targeted individual neuronal circuits in mice that have been shown to trigger particular emotions
in humans and other animals. When the authors directly stimulated these circuits, the mice assumed the relevant
facial expressions.
Finally, the team used a technique called two-photon calcium imaging to identify individual neurons in the
mouse brain that fired only when particular emotions, and particular facial expressions, were aroused. “They may
represent part of a coding for emotions in the brain,” says Gogolla. “We think encoding for emotion may be
evolutionary conserved, and so the encoding in humans and mice may share some common features.”
12. What does the study focus on according to paragraph 1?
A. Testing the machine-learning algorithm.
B. Uncovering the secret of mice’s expressions.
C. Encoding particular expressions of human beings.
D. Identifying certain neurons related to expressions.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Giving examples of the study methods.
B. Displaying details of the research process.
C. Making reference to the study background.
D. Listing characteristics of the research findings.
14. How did Gogolla’s team distinguish mice’s expressions?
A. By using different sensory stimuli.
B. By filming mice’s facial-muscle movements.
C. By employing optogenetics targeting neuron circuits.
D. By categorizing their pictures with machine-learning algorithm.
15. What might be the significance of the study according to the text?
A. It decodes the process of emotional evolution.
B. It offers insights into emotional encoding in human.
C. It has fully revealed the mystery of mice’s emotions.
D. It discovers the similarities between human and mice.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员利用机器学习算法识别实验室老鼠面部表情的一项研
究，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。
【12 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Recently, researchers have used a machine-learning algorithm (算法) to recognize the
seemingly mysterious facial expressions of laboratory mice.(最近，研究人员使用一种机器学习算法来识别实验
室老鼠看似神秘的面部表情)”可知，研究的重点是揭示老鼠表情的秘密。故选B。
【13 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Neuroscientist Nadine Gogolla, who led the study, took inspiration from a 2014 paper
that Anderson wrote with his workmate Ralph Adolphs. In the study, they theorized ‘brain states’ such as emotions
should exhibit particular characteristics — they should be persistent, for example, enduring for some time after the
stimulus that aroused them has disappeared. And they should vary with the strength of the stimulus.(领导这项研究
的神经科学家纳丁·戈戈拉从安德森与同事拉尔夫·阿道夫于2014 年撰写的一篇论文中获得了灵感。在这项
研究中，他们将情绪等‘大脑状态’理论化，认为它们应该表现出特定的特征——例如，它们应该是持续
的，在引起它们的刺激消失后还能持续一段时间。而且它们应该随着刺激力度的不同而变化)”可知，第二
段的主要是谈及研究背景。故选C。
【14 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“So they broke down the videos of facial-muscle movements into ultra-short snapshots
as the animals responded to the different stimuli. Machine-learning algorithms recognized distinct expressions,
which correlated with the aroused emotional states, such as pleasure, disgust or fear. The facial expressions had the
characteristics that Anderson and Adolphs had proposed.(因此，他们将动物对不同刺激
面部肌肉运动视频分
解成超短的快照。机器学习算法识别出不同的表情，这些表情与被唤起的情绪状态相关，比如快乐、厌恶
或恐惧。)”可知，Gogolla 的团队通过机器学习算法对图片进行分类来区分老鼠的表情。故选D。
【15 题详解】
逻辑推理题。根据倒数第二段中“The scientists then searched for brain cells that might encode these emotions
in the brain. Using optogenetics (光遗传学), they targeted individual neuronal circuits in mice that have been
shown to trigger particular emotions in humans and other animals. (然后，科学家们寻找可能在大脑中编码这些
情绪的脑细胞。利用光遗传学技术，他们瞄准了老鼠的单个神经回路，这些神经回路已被证明会引发人类
和其他动物的特定情绪。)”以及最后一段“the team used a technique called two-photon calcium imaging to
identify individual neurons in the mouse brain that fired only when particular emotions, and particular facial
expressions, were aroused. “They may represent part of a coding for emotions in the brain,” says Gogolla. “We
think encoding for emotion may be evolutionary conserved, and so the encoding in humans and mice may share
some common features.”(研究小组使用了一种叫做双光子钙成像的技术来识别老鼠大脑中的单个神经元，这
些神经元只有在特定的情绪和特定的面部表情被激发时才会被激活。‘它们可能代表了大脑中情绪编码的
一部分，’Gogolla 说：‘我们认为情绪编码可能是进化保守的，因此人类和老鼠的编码可能有一些共同
的特征。’)”可知，人类和老鼠的编码可能有一些共同的特征，而科学家们运用不同的技术来寻找可能在
大脑中编码不同情绪的脑细胞，他们所瞄准的单个神经回路已被证明会引发人类和其他动物的特定情绪，
识别只有在特定的情绪和特定的面部表情被激发时才会被激活的单个神经元；由此可知，这项研究的意义
是它提供了对人类情感编码的深入了解。故选B。
（三）
（2025 年师大附中一模）
C
From Beijing, more than 400 kilometers away, all the way up north, the temperature gradually drops. With the
emergence of fire prevention warnings, Saihanba (塞罕坝), known as a “miracle on earth”, begins to come into
view. In October, the cold wind blowing from Siberia has dyed (染色) Saihanba golden.
In Mongolian, Saihanba means beautiful high mountains. However, Saihanba was a desert of “yellow sand
covering the sky and flying birds without inhabiting trees” 62 years ago. Whenever the north wind blows, the
windy sand located in Inner Mongolia will drive southward, reaching Beijing and Tianjin.
After more than half a century of forest plantation, people who have come to Saihanba can hardly imagine the
arid (干旱) scene. Occasionally, a gust of wind passes by, and they would just sigh and shout how strong the wind
is, but they would not feel sandblasted (喷砂).
On Oct 9, watchmen Liu Jun and Wang Juan were observing the surrounding forest area on a watchtower in
Saihanba Forest Farm in Hebei province. Liu is in charge of the observation and Wang keeps recording.
“Spring and autumn are the critical fire prevention periods for our forest farm. We need to stay here for three
months, have three meals a day, work and live in the building,” says Liu Jun, who has been engaged in observation
for 13 years. Simple as it looks, the job is quite the burden on their shoulders. Only by enjoying loneliness can they
keep this forest safe and sound.
Saihanba today is not only a “green Great Wall” for windbreak and sand fixation (固化), but also a timber (林
木) source. Many people would doubt why the trees that have grown up here are to be cut down in a planned way.
Liu explains that most of the trees here are planted forest, and the forest species are relatively single, unlike natural
forests that can adapt on their own and survive the fittest. The selective cutting of plantation forests is more like
thinning when farmers plant crops. Only in this way can the nutrient area be expanded and diseased plants also be
removed to ensure the healthy development of the forest areas.
28. What can be learned about Saihanba from the first three paragraphs?
A. It is suffering from a cold wind.
B. Its desertification is under control.
C. It is weathering a sandstorm.
D. Its climate is beyond expectation.
29. Which of the following best describes the watchmen?
A. Bored but attentive.
B. Simple but responsible.
C. Tired but engaged.
D. Lonely but committed.
30 What does the underlined word “thinning” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Making something more beautiful and attractive.
B. Making something stronger and healthier.
C. Making something less thick or dense.
D. Making something more valuable and useful.
31. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The Golden Miracle
B. The Sand Wasteland
C. The Timber Farm
D. The Green Guardian
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过塞罕坝从沙漠到绿洲的蜕变，展现中国生态治理的成就，强调护林
员的坚守与科学管理的重要性。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ After more than half a century of forest plantation, people who have come to
Saihanba can hardly imagine the arid (干旱) scene. Occasionally, a gust of wind passes by, and they would just sigh
and shout how strong the wind is, but they would not feel sandblasted (喷砂).(经过半个多世纪的森林种植，来到
塞罕坝的人几乎无法想象那里干旱的景象。偶尔，一阵风吹过，他们只是叹息，喊着风有多大，却不觉得
被喷沙了)。”可知，沙漠化已被控制。故选B。
【29 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Only by enjoying loneliness can they keep this forest safe and sound. (只有享受孤独，
他们才能守护森林。)”可知，护林员长期驻守瞭望塔，忍受孤独，体现了他们孤独但尽责。故选D。
【30 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段划线词后文“Only in this way can the nutrient area be expanded and diseased plants
also be removed to ensure the healthy development of the forest areas.(只有这样，才能扩大营养面积，也才能
清除病株，保证林区的健康发展。)”可知，这种方式可以清除病死的苗木，使树苗数量减少，由此可以推
断“thinning”指减少树木的数量，选项C“Making something less thick or dense. (降低某物的厚度或密
度。)”，与“减少数量”含义接近。故选C。
【31 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“From Beijing, more than 400 kilometers away, all the way up north, the temperature
gradually drops. (从北京向北400 多公里，气温逐渐降低。随着防火预警的发布，被誉为“人间奇迹”的塞
罕坝映入眼帘。)”及最后一段“Saihanba today is not only a “green Great Wall” for windbreak and sand
fixation (固化), but also a timber (林木)source. (如今的塞罕坝不仅是防风固沙的“绿色长城”，也是重要的
林木来源。)”可知，塞罕坝通过植树造林和护林员努力，从沙漠变为生态屏障，这里指护林员和森林都是
绿色守护者。选项D“The Green Guardian (绿色卫士)”即可以指森林，也可以指护林员，一语双关，适合
做标题。故选D。
（四）
（2025 年师大附中一模）
D
In the UK, there are about 12 million people suffering with hearing loss, and approximately 6.7 million could
benefit from hearing aids. However, only about 2 million people use them.
People with hearing loss may feel hearing aids are meant only for older people. They can feel a sense of
embarrassment, ageing and lack of confidence when wearing them. Besides, some people have no confidence in
hearing aids and believe they will not help, or will even make their hearing worse. Individuals sometimes believe
they will be dependent on their hearing aids, thus choosing not to use them out of desire for independence.
Therefore, people with hearing loss may turn to coping mechanisms such as excessively( 过度地)turning the
volume up on their TVs.
In the UK, patients with hearing loss can obtain hearing aids free of charge through National Health
Service(NHS). However, the choice of style, manufacturer and level of technology may be limited and can also
involve lengthy waiting lists. There are a greater number of hearing aid options available in the private sector but
these can sometimes be expensive, which can be a prohibitive factor for individuals.
There are some negative perspectives about hearing aids, such as the appearance. Many people have the idea
that hearing aids are huge and noticeable. However, there are many different types of hearing aids such as invisible
ones in ear canals. The hearing aid selection is discussed with each individual at their hearing assessment, and the
correct hearing aids are selected according to their level of hearing loss.
There have been other advancements in technology such as rechargeable hearing aids. There is now wireless
connectivity in many hearing aids, which enables hearing aids to be connected to mobile devices, tablets and
televisions, allowing direct audio streaming into hearing aids.
Undoubtedly, wearing hearing aids is very beneficial for well-being, allowing individuals to interact with
others and hear better. All of the advancements in technology in the future mean the functionality and comfort of
hearing aids will greatly increase, considerably improving the quality of life for more people with hearing loss.
32. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. What people with hearing loss should do.
B. How older people respond to hearing aids.
C. Why some people avoid using hearing aids.
D. Whether hearing aids will affect independence.
33. Which of the following may prevent people getting hearing aids from NHS?
A. The cost can be higher.
B. Patients may have to wait for long.
C. Many people have no access to the related policy.
D. Some private sectors get hearing aids in advance.
34. What is mainly considered during the hearing aid selection process?
A. The cost of the hearing aids.
B. The individual’s personal preference.
C. The individual’s specific hearing loss.
D. The appearance of the hearing aids.
35. What can we expect of the hearing aids in the future?
A. They will be connected to more devices.
B. They will be made smaller and more fashionable.
C. They will enable users to interact more with others.
D. They will provide high-quality and better service for users.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国听力损失者使用助听器的情况及助听器的发展。
【32 题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“People with hearing loss may feel hearing aids are meant only for older people.
They can feel a sense of embarrassment, ageing and lack of confidence when wearing them. Besides, some people
have no confidence in hearing aids and believe they will not help, or will even make their hearing worse.
Individuals sometimes believe they will be dependent on their hearing aids, thus choosing not to use them out of
desire for independence. (有听力损失的人可能觉得助听器只适合老年人使用。他们在佩戴助听器时可能会感
到尴尬、觉得自己变老了，并且缺乏自信。此外，有些人对助听器没有信心，认为它们不会起到帮助作用，
甚至会使听力变得更差。有些人则认为他们会依赖助听器，因此出于对独立的渴望而选择不使用它们。)”
可知，本段主要讲述了为什么有些人避免使用助听器。故选C。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“In the UK, patients with hearing loss can obtain hearing aids free of charge
through National Health Service(NHS). However, the choice of style, manufacturer and level of technology may be
limited and can also involve lengthy waiting lists. ( 在英国，有听力损失的患者可以通过国民保健服务
（NHS）免费获得助听器。然而，助听器的款式、制造商和技术水平的选择可能有限，而且可能需要等待
很长时间。)”可知，通过国民保健服务(NHS)获得助听器可能需要等待很长时间。故选B。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段中“The hearing aid selection is discussed with each individual at their hearing
assessment, and the correct hearing aids are selected according to their level of hearing loss. (在听力评估时，会与
每个人讨论助听器的选择，并根据他们的听力损失程度选择合适的助听器。)”可知，在选择助听器的过程
中，主要考虑的是个人的具体听力损失。故选C。
【35 题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“All of the advancements in technology in the future mean the functionality
and comfort of hearing aids will greatly increase, considerably improving the quality of life for more people with
hearing loss. (未来技术的所有进步都意味着助听器的功能和舒适度将大大提高，从而显著改善更多听力损
失者的生活质量。)”可知，未来助听器将会为用户提供高质量和更好的服务。故选D。
（五）
（2025 年雅礼中学一模）
B
Black Myth: Wukong is one of the most highly anticipated Chinese video games ever, a premium title with a
blockbuster- worthy budget that emphasizes the country’s push to become a global cultural power. The game’s
release is a landmark moment for China’s gaming industry. It is considered China’s first “AAA” title, a big- budget,
global game with sophisticated gameplay and advanced visuals.
Within hours of its release, there were more than 1.5million people playing it on Steam, making it the No.1
game on the online platform. Black Myth: Wuhong is adapted from the16th- century Chinese classic novel Journey
to the West. The game’s main character is inspired by Sun Wukong, also known as the Monkey King, who battles
opponents with a magic iron bar.
China’s video game industry is dominated by titles played on smartphones, not big- budget console (主机游
戏) or PC games that are released globally. However, Black Myth: Wukong marks a shift as it is being initially
released on Sony’s PlayStation 5 and personal computers. In recent years, the industry in China has faced
significant challenges. The government has implemented strict regulations to control gaming due to concerns that
children could become addicted and negatively influenced. For example, Beijing has introduced rules that prohibit
young people from playing games online on school days and impose strict time limits on gaming during weekends
and holidays.
But the game’s launch lit up national pride. One Chinese media outlet noted that the game’s default language
is Chinese and added, “It feels so good.” The global interest in the game also highlighted China’s push to exercise
its “soft power.” The novel that it is based on is considered one of China’s four great classics. The game also
depicts important cultural landmarks throughout China.
“The success of Black Myth: Wukong is not only a victory for the gaming industry, but also an important
milestone in the overseas expansion of Chinese culture,” Yangcheng Evening News, a state- owned newspaper,
wrote in an article.
24. What do we know about Black Myth: Wukong?
A. It focuses on basic gameplay elements.
B. It shifts China’s gaming towards consoles.
C. It features a world born of pure imagination.
D. It acts as a landmark for adapting Chinese myth.
25. What challenge has China’s gaming industry faced recently?
A. Insufficient budget for game development.
B. Increasing popularity of smartphone games.
C. China’s lack of emphasis on cultural soft power.
D. Government measures to restrict youth gaming time.
26. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The game targets Western audience with its cultural themes.
B. The game is a big step in showing Chinese culture worldwide.
C. The game’s success is a way to boost China’s economic growth.
D. The game strengthens national pride by highlighting Chinese culture.
27. What can be the best title of the text?
A. Black Myth: Wukong as a Cultural Ambassador
B. The Impact of Gaming Industry on China’s Youth
C. The Impact of Gaming Industry on Chinese Culture
D. Black Myth: Wukong’s Influence on Game Mechanics
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了主机游戏《黑神话：悟空》以及该游戏和中国文化之间的关
系。
【24 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“China’s video game industry is dominated by titles played on smartphones,
not big- budget console（主机游戏）or PC games that are released globally. However, Black Myth: Wukong
marks a shift as it is being initially released on Sony’s PlayStation 5 and personal computers.(中国的电子游戏行
业主要是在智能手机上玩的游戏，而不是在全球发行的大预算游戏机或PC 游戏。然而，《黑神话：悟
空》标志着一个转变，因为它最初是在索尼的PlayStation 5 和个人电脑上发布的。)”可知，《黑神话:悟
空》改变了中国的游戏平台。故选B 项。
【25 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“In recent years, the industry in China has faced significant challenges. The
government has implemented strict regulations to control gaming due to concerns that children could become
addicted and negatively influenced. For example, Beijing has introduced rules that prohibit young people from
playing games online on school days and impose strict time limits on gaming during weekends and holidays.(近年
来，中国的这个行业面临着巨大的挑战。政府已经实施了严格的规定来控制游戏，因为担心孩子们可能会
上瘾并产生负面影响。例如，北京出台了规定，禁止年轻人在上学期间玩网络游戏，并对周末和节假日的
游戏时间进行了严格限制。)”可知，中国游戏产业最近面临的挑战是政府限制青少年玩游戏的时间。故选
D 项。
【26 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The success of Black Myth: Wukong is not only a victory for the gaming
industry, but also an important milestone in the overseas expansion of Chinese culture,” Yangcheng Evening News,
a state- owned newspaper, wrote in an article.(“《黑神话:悟空》的成功不仅是游戏行业的胜利，也是中国文
化海外扩张的一个重要里程碑，”国有报纸《羊城晚报》在一篇文章中写道。)”可知，这个游戏是向世界
展示中国文化的一大步。故选B 项。
【27 题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了主机游戏《黑神话：悟空》以及该游戏和中国文化之间的关
系，所以用A 项“Black Myth: Wukong as a Cultural Ambassador(文化大使——《黑神话：悟空》)。”作为
本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A 项。
（六）
（2025 年雅礼中学一模）
D
Superhuman artificial intelligence has played a role in our life. When it comes to playing games like chess, or
solving difficult scientific challenges like predicting protein structures, computers are well ahead of humans. But
we have one superpower they aren’t close to mastering: mind reading.
We are blessed with a mysterious ability to reason the goals, desires and beliefs of others, a crucial skill that
means we can anticipate other people’s actions and the consequences of our own. If AIs are to become truly useful
in everyday life — to cooperate effectively with us or to understand that a child might run into the road after a
bouncing ball — we have to give them this gift that evolution has given us to read other people's minds.
In psychology, the ability to infer another’s mental state is referred to as theory of mind. In humans, this
capacity develops at a very young age. How to reproduce the capability in machines is far from clear, though. One
of the main challenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s
raining”, they can quickly conclude the answer is no. But this requires huge amounts of background knowledge
about running, weather and human preferences.
Besides, whether humans or AI, the theory of mind is supposed to emerge naturally from one’s own learning
process. Building prior knowledge into AI makes it reliant on our imperfect understanding of theory of mind. In
addition, AI may be capable of developing approaches we could never imagine. There can be many forms of theory
of mind that we don’t know about simply because we live in a human body that has certain types of senses and a
certain ability to think.
But we might still want AI to have a more human-like form of theory of mind. Humans can clearly explain
their goals to each other using common language and ideas. While letting AI form the theory of mind in their
learning process is likely to lead to developing more powerful AI, plainly building in shared ways to represent
knowledge may be crucial for humans to trust and communicate with AI.
It is important to remember, though, that the pursuit of machines with theory of mind is about more than just
building more useful robots. It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics
research: building truly self-aware machines. Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen. But along the way
thinking about other people and other agents, we are on the path to learning to think about ourselves.
32. According to the passage,which of the following contexts can AI understand well?
A. When asked where an object is, a naughty kid points in the wrong direction.
B. When a teacher asks for a boy’s homework, he answers “my dog ate it”.
C. When you are treated with a hotpot for dinner, you reply “a sore throat”.
D. When a mom tells her kid milk is good for health, the kid drinks it up.
33. Which statement will the author agree with most about theory of mind?
A. Humans’ theory of mind is far from perfect.
B. Humans limit AI’s theory of mind to an extent.
C. AI’s theory of mind development has been totally decoded.
D. Shared forms of theory of mind result in more powerful AI.
34. What is the author’s attitude toward truly self-aware machines?
A. Ambiguous.
B. Conservative.
C. Skeptical.
D. Approving.
35. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. AI’s Theory of Mind Will Define Our Future
B. AI with Its Own Theory of Mind Is Expected
C. AI’s Theory of Mind — a Blessing or Suffering to Humans
D. Theory of Mind Bridges the Gap Between Humans and AI
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI 在心智理论发展中的挑战及其对人类沟通信任的影响。
【32 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“We are blessed with a mysterious ability to reason the goals,desires and beliefs of
others,a crucial skill that means we can anticipate other people’s actions and the consequences of our own. If AIs
are to become truly useful in everyday life — to cooperate effectively with us or to understand that a child might
run into the road after a bouncing ball — we have to give them this gift that evolution has given us to read other
people’s minds.(我们拥有着一种神秘的能力，可以推理出他人的目标、欲望和信念，这是一种至关重要的
技能，使我们能够预判他人的行动以及我们自身行为的后果。如果要让人工智能在日常生活中真正发挥作
用——与我们有效协作，或是理解孩子可能会因为追一个弹跳的球而跑到马路上——我们必须赋予它们这
种通过进化赐予我们的、解读他人想法的能力)”可知，AI 不具备人类推理出他人的目标、欲望和信念的
能力。由此可推知，“当妈妈告诉孩子牛奶对健康有益时，孩子就把它喝光了”不涉及推理，AI 可以轻松
理解。故选D。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Building prior knowledge into AI makes it reliant on our imperfect understanding
of theory of mind. In addition, AI may be capable of developing approaches we could never imagine. There can be
many forms of theory of mind that we don’t know about simply because we live in a human body that has certain
types of senses and a certain ability to think.(将先验知识植入人工智能会使它依赖于我们对心智理论这种不完
美的理解。此外，人工智能或许能够发展出我们完全无法想象的方法。可能存在许多形式的心智理论，而
我们之所以不了解它们，仅仅是因为我们生而为人，具有特定类型的感官和特定的思考能力)”可知，人类
在一定程度上限制了AI 的思维理论，作者最有可能同意这个观点。故选B。
【34 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“But we might still want AI to have a more human-like form of theory of mind.
(但我们可能仍然希望人工智能有一种更像人类的心理理论形式)”以及最后一段的“It is also a stepping
stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building truly self-aware machines.Whether
we will ever get there remains to be seen.But along the way thinking about other people and other agents,we are on
the path to learning to think about ourselves.(这也是通往人工智能和机器人研究更深目标的垫脚石：建造真正
具备自我意识的机器。我们是否能够最终达到这一目标还有待观察。但在这一过程中，通过思考其他人和
其他主体，我们正走在学会反思自我的道路上)”可推知，作者支持开发具有心智理论的AI， 期待建造真
正有自我意识的机器。故选D。
【35 题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“ Superhuman artificial intelligence has played a role in our
life.When it comes to playing games like chess,or solving difficult scientific challenges like predicting protein
structures,computers are well ahead of humans.But we have one superpower they aren't close to mastering:mind
reading.(超人级别的人工智能已经在我们的生活中发挥了作用。无论是下棋游戏，还是解决像预测蛋白质
结构这样复杂的科学挑战，计算机的表现都远远超过了人类。但我们拥有一种它们尚未接近掌握的超能力：
读心术)”以及最后一段的“It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics
research: building truly self-aware machines.Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen.But along the way
thinking about other people and other agents,we are on the path to learning to think about ourselves.(这也是通往人
工智能和机器人研究更深目标的垫脚石：建造真正具备自我意识的机器。我们是否能够最终达到这一目标
还有待观察。但在这一过程中，通过思考其他人和其他主体，我们正走在学会反思自我的道路上)可知，文
章主要探讨了超人人工智能虽在特定任务上超越人类，但在“读心术”（理解他人意图）方面仍显不足，
强调了为AI 赋予类似人类的“心智理论”能力的重要性及其挑战。所以“人工智能有望拥有自己的心智
理论”适合作本文的标题。故选B。
（七）
（2025 年长沙第一中学一模）
C
The Sahara Desert is unsurprisingly seen as a wasteland. But actually there is a variety of life forms, according
to André Vicente Liz, a doctoral candidate at the University of Porto in Portugal, who led a study exploring Saharan
animal species.
In the desert, cold-blooded creatures grow well because their body temperatures adjust to the temperature of
their surroundings as they move from intense sunlight into cool underground holes. Liz has observed many small
lizard (蜥蜴) species along with snakes, beetles, ants, and even frogs. Besides them, antelopes, camels, cheetahs
and desert foxes are just some of the warm-blooded animals that can survive in the Sahara. But what leads to the
vast biodiversity of the Sahara?
One factor is the big changes in the desert’s climate. About 6,000 years ago, there was abundant rainfall in
certain areas of the Sahara. Grasslands and lakes made ideal living places for animals and humans. Due to climate
changes, the grasslands changed to a desert later, which made it impossible for humans to exist there. However,
many animals still survived there.
Another one is its diverse landscapes. There are some areas, such as rock pools known as “gueltas”, where
biodiversity is especially high because they act as shelter for species that have to flee from their habitats due to a
sudden, intolerable change in weather. In the face of climate change, Liz and his colleagues are studying “gueltas”
closely to find out what makes them good spots for survival. “These areas are known as gathering places for
biodiversity and are especially interesting for conservation planning in the current context of climate emergency,
where they can play a key role in supporting various species,” Liz said.
Deserts may seem lifeless, but in fact many species have developed special ways to survive in the tough
environments.
28. What did Liz find about the Sahara Desert?
A. It is home to diverse creatures.
B. It has rows of underground holes.
C. It is experiencing a great change in climate.
D. It has a longer history than previously thought.
29. Why can “gueltas” act as shelter?
A. They are abundant in life forms.
B. They are usually near animals’ habitats.
C. They are less affected by climate change.
D. They are rock pools with high biodiversity.
30. What does André Vicente Liz probably think of studying “gueltas”?
A. Boring.
B. Meaningful.
C. Challenging.
D. Creative.
31. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?
A. ①-②③-④⑤
B. ①②③-④⑤
C. ①-②-③④-⑤
D. ①②-③④⑤
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。沙漠虽然看起来是不适合生物生存的不毛之地，但实际上却生活着多种多样的
动物，文章分析了其背后的原因。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But actually there is a variety of life forms, according to André Vicente Liz, a
doctoral candidate at the University of Porto in Portugal, who led a study exploring Saharan animal species.( 但葡
萄牙波尔图大学的博士生André Vicente Liz 表示，沙漠中实际上存在着多种生命形式，他领导了一项探索
撒哈拉动物物种的研究)”可知，Liz 在对撒哈拉沙漠的研究中发现这里生活着许多生物，与A 选项描述相
符。故选A。
【29 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“There are some areas, such as rock pools known as “gueltas”, where biodiversity is
especially high because they act as shelter for species that have to flee from their habitats due to a sudden,
intolerable change in weather.(在某些地区，比如被称为“gueltas”的岩池，生物多样性特别高，因为它们是
许多物种的庇护所，这些物种由于天气突如其来、无法忍受的变化而不得不逃离栖息地)”和“These areas
are known as gathering places for biodiversity and are especially interesting for conservation planning in the
current context of climate emergency, where they can play a key role in supporting various species.(这些地区被称
为生物多样性的聚集地，在当前气候变化的紧急情况下，对于保护规划来说尤其有趣，它们可以在支持物
种多样性方面发挥关键作用)”可知，名为gueltas 的岩池之所以能成为生物的庇护所，就在于它们相比其
他地区更不容易受到气候变化的影响。故选C。
【30 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中引述Liz 的原话“These areas are known as gathering places for biodiversity and are
especially interesting for conservation planning in the current context of climate emergency, where they can play a
key role in supporting various species(这些地区被称为生物多样性的聚集地，在当前气候变化的紧急情况下，
对于保护规划来说尤其有趣，它们可以在支持物种多样性方面发挥关键作用)”可知，Liz 和同事对所谓的
gueltas 地区进行研究，是因为这些地区对于保护生物多样性十分重要，显然他觉得这些研究是有意义的。
故选B。
【31 题详解】
推理判断题。浏览全文，文章在首段先以“But actually there is a variety of life forms(但事实上撒哈拉沙漠中
有各种各样的生物形式)”给出了文章主题，即点明撒哈拉沙漠其实是许多物种的栖息地；第二段则列举出
大量的物种作为事实，并在最后一句“But what leads to the vast biodiversity of the Sahara?(但是是什么使得
撒哈拉沙漠中生物如此多样呢)”设问引出下文对原因的阐述；第三段“One factor is the big changes in the
desert’s climate(一个因素是沙漠的气候发生了巨大改变)”和第四段“Another one is its diverse landscapes(另
一个因素则是沙漠中多样化的环境)”分别就两方面因素做出了详细解释；最后一段“Deserts may seem
lifeless, but in fact many species have developed special ways to survive in the tough environments.(沙漠可能看起
来毫无生气，但实际上有许多物种都发展出了在这样艰难的环境下生存的特殊方法)”则做了总结，呼应首
段点出的主题。文章结构与C 选项相符。故选C。
（八）
（2025 年长沙第一中学一模）
D
Have you ever worried that you might smell bad? Well, you do have a smell, but not in the way you think. The
human body releases hundreds of chemical compounds into the air every day, and these compounds reveal much
more than just our health habits; they can also indicate our health situations.
In 1971, chemist Linus Pauling identified 250 different gaseous chemicals in our breath, known as VOCs.
These VOCs originate from the body’s metabolic (新陈代谢) processes and are excreted (排泄) through skin
glands. While sweat contributes to these VOCs, it only accounts for a small portion of them.
VOCs can reveal a lot about our health. For example, a sweet-smelling breath could be a sign of diabetes.
Besides breath, VOCs are also released from our skin, and feces (粪便). A notable case involved Joy Milne, who
noticed a change in her husband’s smell 12 years before he was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. Known as “the
woman who can smell Parkinson’s,” Joy has been using her keen sense of smell to help scientists develop a simple
swab (拭子) test to diagnose the illnesses.
Animals with advanced sense of smell, like dogs, have demonstrated they can detect various types of cancer in
humans. Although these smells are often undetectable to the human nose, they provide evidence that our bodies
emit different smells when something is wrong.
The relationship between VOCs and our health is still being studied. Studies have already shown that they can
predict a person’s age within a few years based on their skin VOC profile. In one interview, Professor Morin stated,
“We are at a relatively early stage in this research area, but we have already distinguished males from females
based on the acidity of skin VOCs. We believe skin VOCs can reveal aspects of who we are, such as nutrition,
health and stress. These signatures likely contain markers that can be used to diagnose disease.”
So, who knows — maybe one day we will be able to detect diseases simply by breathing into a device.
32. What do we know about the VOCs according to the text?
A. Skin VOCs reveal more about our health conditions.
B. The VOCs mostly come from sweat.
C. VOCs only released from our skin can indicate health status.
D. Our body’s metabolic processes are the source of VOCs.
33. Why does the author mention animals in Paragraph 4?
A. To show the amazing wisdom of animals.
B. To stress we must depend on pets more to detect cancer.
C. To explain VOCs have the capability to cure cancers.
D. To highlight VOCs’ potential as diagnostic markers.
34. What future technology might arise from the understanding of VOCs?
A. Equipment that can analyze VOCs to diagnose diseases.
B. Devices that can breathe out disease-causing VOCs.
C. Advanced facilities that can use VOCs to cure diseases.
D. Personalized perfumes that can mask disease-related VOCs.
35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Morin’s Contributions to VOCs
B. The Function of Sweat in Our Health
C. Detecting Diseases Through Body Smells
D. Body Smell Resulting in Diseases
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了人体释放的VOCs 与健康状况之间的关系，解释了这些化学物质
的来源、它如何揭示健康信息，以及科研人员如何利用这些信息探索疾病诊断的可能性。
【32 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“These VOCs originate from the body’s metabolic(新陈代谢)processes and are
excreted(排泄)through skin glands. (这些挥发性有机化合物来源于人体的代谢过程，并通过皮肤腺体排出体
外。)”可知，我们身体的代谢过程是这些发挥性有机化合物的来源。故选D。
【33 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Animals with advanced sense of smell, like dogs, have demonstrated they can
detect various types of cancer in humans. Although these smells are often undetectable to the human nose, they
provide evidence that our bodies emit different smells when something is wrong.(具有高级嗅觉的动物，如狗，
已经证明它们可以检测出人类的各种癌症。虽然这些气味通常是人的鼻子无法察觉的，但它们提供了证据，
表明我们的身体在出现问题时会发出不同的气味。)”可知，作者提到像狗这样的动物是为了强调VOCs 作
为疾病诊断标记的潜力，因为这些动物能够嗅出人类身上的不同疾病，说明VOCs 确实携带了与健康相关
的信息。故选D。
【34 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“So, who knows — maybe one day we will be able to detect diseases simply
by breathing into a device. (所以，谁知道呢——也许有一天我们可以通过对着一个设备呼吸来检测疾
病。)”可知，未来可能产生的技术是能够分析VOCs 来诊断疾病的设备。故选A。
【35 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The human body releases hundreds of chemical compounds into the air every
day, and these compounds reveal much more than just our health habits; they can also indicate our health situations.
(人体每天向空气中释放数百种化合物，这些化合物揭示的不仅仅是我们的健康习惯；它们也可以表明我们
的健康状况。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要围绕着人体释放的VOCs 如何反映健康状况，并有可能成为
疾病诊断的工具这一主题展开。因此合适的标题为“Detecting Diseases through Body Smells”。故选C。
（九）
（2025 年长郡中学一模）
C
Chinese scientists have created starch (淀粉), a type of complex carbohydrate found in plants, using carbon
dioxide, hydrogen and electricity.
Experts say if such technique can be scaled-up (大规模) to the level of industrialization, it may revolutionize
how this key nutrient and industrial ingredient is made, since it does not require farming and processing a large
quantity of starchy crops such as sweet potatoes and corn, thus saving more water, fertilizer, and arable land.
It may also be used to recycle carbon dioxide into a consumable product. This will help reduce carbon
emissions and fight climate change, especially if the electricity used is from renewable sources like solar and wind.
In space exploration it may provide a sustainable food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in
space and try to colonize other planets where growing food is impossible. Future space travelers may simply turn
the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food they eat.
Ma Yanhe, the director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences, says starch and other complex carbohydrates make up 60 to 80 percent of the human diet.
“Our breakthrough demonstrates that creating a complex compound like starch is achievable in a lab, and there
are many industries that can benefit from this technology,” he says.
Plants create carbohydrates like starch through photosynthesis (光合作用), which is an extremely complex
process, says Ma, adding that it will take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into
starch.
Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, says for six years, his team has been focusing on a single project:
how to make starch, but do it at a higher speed. He says their method involves first converting carbon dioxide and
hydrogen gas into methanol (甲醇). Scientists then piece these single-carbon molecules like a puzzle into bigger
and more complex molecules via enzymatic (酶的) processes.
With the help of supercomputing Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch making process from
about 60 into 11 steps and produced starch. Thellab-made starch is chemically identical to starch in nature.
28. Which is NOT a potential benefit if the technique can be used on an industrial level?
A. It will have a positive influence on climate change.
B. It will help produce renewable resources such as solar and wind.
C. It will offer a practical food solution for astronauts.
D. It will help save several sources from water to farming land.
29. Which might be the biggest difficulty in creating the lab-made starch?
A. Making starch faster.
B. Collecting enough raw materials.
C. Repeating the photosynthesis of plants.
D. Involving methanol in the making process.
30. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Starch, an important complex carbohydrate.
B. The great benefits of starch.
C. Chinese scientists successfully turn carbon dioxide into starch.
D. Chinese scientists make contributions to climate change.
31. In which part of a newspaper could you most probably read the text?
A. Science.
B. Lifestyle.
C. Environment.
D. Health.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国科学家利用二氧化碳、氢气和电力制造淀粉的技术突破
及其对环境、食品生产和太空探索的潜在影响。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ Experts say if such technique can be scaled-up ( 大规模) to the level of
industrialization, it may revolutionize how this key nutrient and industrial ingredient is made, since it does not
require farming and processing a large quantity of starchy crops such as sweet potatoes and corn, thus saving more
water, fertilizer, and arable land.(专家表示，如果这种技术能够大规模推广到工业化水平，它可能会彻底改变
这种关键营养素和工业原料的生产方式，因为这不需要种植和加工大量的淀粉类作物，如红薯和玉米，从
而节省更多的水资源、肥料和耕地)”可知，该技术在工业化水平上的潜在好处包括节约水资源、肥料和耕
地，D 选项正确；根据第三段中“This will help reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change, especially if
the electricity used is from renewable sources like solar and wind.(这将有助于减少碳排放并对抗气候变化，特
别是当所使用的电力来自太阳能和风能等可再生能源时)”可知，该技术对气候变化有积极影响，A 选项正
确；根据第四段中“In space exploration it may provide a sustainable food source for astronauts as they travel
long distances in space and try to colonize other planets where growing food is impossible.(在太空探索中，它可
能为宇航员提供一种可持续的食物来源，使他们在进行长途太空旅行及尝试殖民其他无法种植食物的星球
时得到补给)”可知，该技术可以为宇航员提供实际的食物解决方案，C 选项正确。而B 选项“它将有助于
生产可再生能源，如太阳能和风能”并不是该技术工业化水平的潜在好处，原文中第三段中提到“This
will help reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change, especially if the electricity used is from renewable
sources like solar and wind.(这将有助于减少碳排放并对抗气候变化，特别是当所使用的电力来自太阳能和
风能等可再生能源时)”，是说如果使用的电力来自可再生能源，将有助于减少碳排放和对抗气候变化，而
不是说该技术本身会生产可再生能源。因此，B 选项不是该技术可能带来的潜在好处。故选B。
【29 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, says for six years, his team
has been focusing on a single project: how to make starch, but do it at a higher speed.(该研究的第一作者之一蔡
涛说，六年来，他的团队一直专注于一个项目：如何制造淀粉，但速度更快)”和最后一段中“With the
help of supercomputing, Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch making process from about 60 into 11
steps and produced starch.(在超级计算的帮助下，中国科学家将天然淀粉的制造过程从大约60 个步骤简化为
11 个步骤，并生产出淀粉)”可推知，团队六年专注于提高制造淀粉的速度，将自然生产淀粉的60 步简化
为人工合成淀粉的11 步，可推知制造实验室合成淀粉最大的困难可能是更快制造淀粉。故选A。
【30 题详解】
主旨大意题。文章开篇便指出“Chinese scientists have created starch (淀粉), a type of complex carbohydrate
found in plants, using carbon dioxide, hydrogen and electricity.(中国科学家利用二氧化碳、氢气和电合成了淀
粉，这是一种在植物中发现的复杂碳水化合物)”，后文围绕该技术的工业化可能带来的变革、对环境的益
处、在太空探索中的作用以及制造过程等方面展开论述，即文章主要描述了中国科学家成功地将二氧化碳
转化为淀粉这一成就及其潜在的应用前景。故C 选项“Chinese scientists successfully turn carbon dioxide into
starch.(中国科学家成功地将二氧化碳转化为淀粉)”准确地概括了文章的核心内容，是文章的最佳标题。故
选C。
【31 题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在制造淀粉方面的科学技术，包括制造淀粉所使用的原料、制造
过程、技术的优势以及可能的应用领域等，这些内容都属于科学范畴。因此，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的
“科学”部分。故选A。
（十）
（2025 年长郡中学一模）
D
Debate about artificial intelligence (AI) tends to focus on its potential dangers: algorithmic bias ( 算法偏见)
and discrimination, the mass destruction of jobs and even, some say, the extinction of humanity. However, others
are focusing on the potential rewards. Luminaries in the field such as Demis Hassabis and Yann LeCun believe that
AI can turbocharge scientific progress and lead to a golden age of discovery. Could they be right?
Such claims are worth examining, and may provide a useful counterbalance to fears about large-scale
unemployment and killer robots. Many previous technologies have, of course, been falsely hailed as panaceas (万
灵药). But the mechanism by which AI will supposedly solve the world’s problems has a stronger historical basis.
In the 17th century microscopes and telescopes opened up new vistas of discovery and encouraged researchers
to favor their own observations over the received wisdom of antiquity (古代), while the introduction of scientific
journals gave them new ways to share and publicize their findings. Then, starting in the late 19th century, the
establishment of research laboratories, which brought together ideas, people and materials on an industrial scale,
gave rise to further innovations. From the mid-20th century, computers in turn enabled new forms of science based
on simulation and modelling.
All this is to be welcomed. But the journal and the laboratory went further still: they altered scientific practice
itself and unlocked more powerful means of making discoveries, by allowing people and ideas to mingle in new
ways and on a larger scale. AI, too, has the potential to set off such a transformation.
Two areas in particular look promising. The first is “literature-based discovery” (LBD), which involves
analyzing existing scientific literature, using ChatGPT-style language analysis, to look for new hypotheses,
connections or ideas that humans may have missed. The second area is “robot scientists”. These are robotic systems
that use AI to form new hypotheses, based on analysis of existing data and literature, and then test those hypotheses
by performing hundreds or thousands of experiments, in fields including systems biology and materials science.
Unlike human scientists, robots are less attached to previous results, less driven by bias—and, crucially, easy to
replicate. They could scale up experimental research, develop unexpected theories and explore avenues that human
investigators might not have considered.
The idea is therefore feasible. But the main barrier is sociological: it can happen only if human scientists are
willing and able to use such tools. Governments could help by pressing for greater use of common standards to
allow AI systems to exchange and interpret laboratory results and other data. They could also fund more research
into the integration of AI smarts with laboratory robotics, and into forms of AI beyond those being pursued in the
private sector. Less fashionable forms of AI, such as model-based machine learning, may be better suited to
scientific tasks such as forming hypotheses.
32. Regarding Demis and Yann’s viewpoint, the author is likely to be ______.
A. supportive
B. puzzled
C. unconcerned
D. doubtful
33. What can we learn from the passage?
A. LBD focuses on testing the reliability of ever-made hypotheses.
B. Resistance to AI prevents the transformation of scientific practice.
C. Robot scientists form hypotheses without considering previous studies.
D. Both journals and labs need adjustments in promoting scientific findings.
34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Official standards have facilitated the exchange of data.
B Performing scientific tasks relies on government funding.
C. Less popular AI forms might be worth paying attention to.
D. The application of AI in public sector hasn’t been launched.
35. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. Transforming Science. How Can AI Help?
B. Making Breakthroughs. What Is AI’s Strength?
C. Reshaping History. How May AI Develop Further?
D. Redefining Discovery. How Can AI Overcome Its Weakness?
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能可以改变科学实践，以及人工智能是如何帮助改变
科学实践的。
【32 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Luminaries in the field such as Demis Hassabis and Yann LeCun believe that AI
can turbocharge scientific progress and lead to a golden age of discovery.(Demis Hassabis 和Yann LeCun 等该领
域的杰出人物相信人工智能可以推动科学进步并引领发现的黄金时代)”和第二段中“Such claims are worth
examining, and may provide a useful counterbalance to fears about large-scale unemployment and killer robots.
Many previous technologies have, of course, been falsely hailed as panaceas ( 万灵药). But the mechanism by
which AI will supposedly solve the world’s problems has a stronger historical basis.(这些说法值得研究，并且可
能为人们对大规模失业和杀手机器人的担忧提供有用的平衡。当然，许多以前的技术被错误地誉为万灵药。
但人工智能解决世界问题的机制有着更强有力的历史基础)”可知，作者认为Demis 和Yann 的观点值得研
究，且认为人工智能解决世界问题的机制有着更强有力的历史基础。由此推知，作者可能支持Demis 和
Yann 的观点——人工智能可以推动科学进步并引领发现的黄金时代。故选A。
【33 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“But the journal and the laboratory went further still: they altered scientific practice
itself and unlocked more powerful means of making discoveries, by allowing people and ideas to mingle in new
ways and on a larger scale. AI, too, has the potential to set off such a transformation.(但该杂志和实验室走得更远：
它们改变了科学实践本身，并通过允许人和思想以新的方式和更大规模的融合，开启了更强大的发现手段。
人工智能也有可能引发这样的转变)”可知，人工智能能引起科学实践的改变。由此推知，对人工智能的抵
制阻碍科学实践的转变。故选B。
【34 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Less fashionable forms of AI, such as model-based machine learning, may be
better suited to scientific tasks such as forming hypotheses.(如基于模型的机器学习这种不太流行的人工智能形
式，可能更适合科学任务，例如形成假设)”可知，不太流行的人工智能形式，可能更适合科学任务。由此
推知，不太流行的人工智能形式可能值得关注。故选C。
【35 题详解】
主旨大意题。通读第一段到第四段，尤其是第一段中“Luminaries in the field such as Demis Hassabis and
Yann LeCun believe that AI can turbocharge scientific progress and lead to a golden age of discovery.(Demis
Hassabis 和 Yann LeCun 等该领域的杰出人物相信人工智能可以推动科学进步并引领发现的黄金时代) ”和
第四段中“AI, too, has the potential to set off such a transformation.(人工智能也有可能引发这样的转变)”可
知，前四段指出人工智能可以实现科学时间的转变，接着根据第五段中“ Two areas in particular look
promising.(有两个领域看起来尤其有希望)”可知，第五段介绍了人工智能从两个领域改变科学实践，最后
一段总结人工智能改变科学实践是可行的。由此可知，文章主要介绍了人工智能是如何帮助改变科学的。
A 项“改变科学。人工智能有何帮助？”适合作文章标题。故选A。
（十一）
（2025 年永州一模）
C
The Oceans in Depth series from the University of Chicago Press aims to place “the ocean at the center of our
narratives (叙述) about the past.” Wilko Graf von Hardenberg’s new book on the history of sea level, Sea Level: A
History, is no different. In it, von Hardenberg, a historian of the environment and science, describes the pursuit of a
standardized definition of sea level through the history of geology, oceanography, hydrography and coastal
engineering. What emerges is a slim volume that raises big questions about the nature of global science in the
modern age.
The book is divided into two major sections. The first three chapters tell the history of debates surrounding
the development of a standardized mean sea level. These take the reader from early German mathematical theories
of sea level subsidence ( 下沉) through the debates about geological and oceanographic processes. In the next
section, von Hardenberg shows how the development of standard ideas of sea level became a basis for scientific
and public debates about the history and future of shifting coastlines. The final chapter brings the discussion into
the present, with a chapter devoted to current debates about sea level.
One of the most interesting clues in the book is related to technology. The making of an international mean
required the standardization of measurement technologies. According to the author,“ the history of the assessment
of sea level is part of a broader development toward the reform and unification of reference points and metrics.”
This history includes tracing (追溯) instrumentation from barometry (气压测定法) to tide gauges (测量仪器) and
satellites. Technology is not replaced, reveals von Hardenberg. New methods develop, built upon the infrastructure
of older technologies still being used. For instance, the first self-registering (自动记录的) tidal gauge was equipped
at the Sheerness, England, dockyard in 1831, and up to a third of all gauging stations throughout Europe still used
simple scaled gauges in 1890.
Sea Level is a powerful reminder that examining the history of scientific values can shed light on both the
structure of modern science and its impact on the near future. This book is well written, and informative without
using any unnecessary words and it is a strong example of what ocean history has to offer.
8. Why does the author mention the Oceans in Depth series in Paragraph 1?
A. To define sea level.
B. To introduce the topic.
C. To give examples of ocean history.
D. To compare the contents of the books.
9. What is presented in the first section of the book ?
A. The future of shifting coastlines.
B. The influence of sea level subsidence.
C. The basis for scientific and public debates.
D. The debates about geological and oceanographic processes.
10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The highlight of the book.
B. The progress of technology.
C The application of old technology.
D. The background of writing the book.
11. What does the author of the passage like about Sea Level?
A. Its humorous tone.
B. Its brief language.
C. Its writing structure.
D. Its traditional perspective.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了Wilko Graf von Hardenberg 的新书《Sea Level: A History》。
【8 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Oceans in Depth series from the University of Chicago Press aims to place“ the
ocean at the center of our narratives (叙述) about the past.” Wilko Graf von Hardenberg’s new book on the history
of sea level, Sea Level: A History, is no different.(芝加哥大学出版社的《Oceans in Depth》系列旨在将“海洋
置于我们对过去叙述的中心”。威尔科·格拉夫·冯·哈登伯格关于海平面历史的新书《Sea Level: A History》
也不例外。)”可知，提到Oceans in Depth 系列是为了引出话题，介绍Wilko Graf von Hardenberg 的新书
《Sea Level: A History》。故选B 项。
【9 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The first three chapters tell the history of debates surrounding the development of a
standardized mean sea level. These take the reader from early German mathematical theories of sea level
subsidence (下沉) through the debates about geological and oceanographic processes.(前三章讲述了围绕标准化
平均海平面发展的争论历史。这些书将读者从早期德国关于海平面下沉的数学理论带到了关于地质和海洋
学过程的辩论中)”可知，书的第一部分呈现出了地质和海洋过程的辩论。故选D 项。
【10 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“One of the most interesting clues in the book is related to technology. The making of
an international mean required the standardization of measurement technologies. According to the author,“ the
history of the assessment of sea level is part of a broader development toward the reform and unification of
reference points and metrics.” This history includes tracing (追溯) instrumentation from barometry (气压测定法)
to tide gauges (测量仪器) and satellites.(书中最有趣的线索之一与技术有关。国际均价的制定需要计量技术
的标准化。根据作者的说法，“海平面评估的历史是朝着改革和统一参考点和度量的更广泛发展的一部
分。”这段历史包括跟踪从气压计到潮汐计和卫星的仪器。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了书中关于技术的亮
点。故选A 项。
【11 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This book is well written, and informative without using any unnecessary words
and it is a strong example of what ocean history has to offer.(这本书写得很好，内容丰富，没有使用任何不必
要的词汇，它是海洋历史所提供的一个强有力的例子)”可知，作者认为Sea Level 语言简洁。故选B 项。
（十二）
（2025 年永州一模）
D
Recent discoveries published in Science Advances have revealed a native plant gene that enables researchers
to more effortlessly control the attractive glow of bioluminescent (生物发光的) plants. This gene, which varies
across different plant species, allows for the redirection of living energy into organic light, offering a natural source
of lighting for homes, gardens, and beyond.
The study received support from Light Bio, a pioneer in the development of bioluminescent plants, which is
dedicated to promoting greater connection and enjoyment of plants through the delightful appeal of living light.
The latest research builds upon earlier findings. Prior approaches for creating bioluminescent plants involved
including five genes obtained from fungi (菌类). In the new findings, a single gene native to plants can effectively
replace two of the fungal genes. The plant gene’s smaller size and simpler biological requirements enhance its
functionality for diverse applications. The smaller gene plays a vital role, acting as a bridge between plant
metabolism (新陈代谢) and light production. This connection allows the plant’s inner dynamics to be translated
into a constantly changing view of natural light.
Bioluminescent plants have gained huge popularity among the public. Light Bio recently began taking orders
for a bioluminescent petunia (矮牵牛花) under the brand Firefly TM Petunia, which is selling fast. The company
selected the petunia as its first offering due to its popularity as a decorative plant. It recently announced that their
plants glow up to 100 times brighter than previously possible, with the petunia standing out as the brightest. Known
for their ease of being planted and flowering, petunias make an ideal choice for this innovative enhancement.
In partnership with Ginkgo Bioworks, Light Bio envisions future plants to be at least ten times brighter, with
an expanded range of varieties and colors. Beyond the sheer delight these glowing plants provide, the foundational
science offers great insights into plant molecular physiology (分子生理学). The cooperative teams are confident
that discoveries from this research will lead to significant progress in essential fields such as crop development and
disease resistance.
12. What is the function of the gene native to plants?
A. It makes an artificial source available.
B. It redirects living energy into colorful light.
C. It remains unchanged across different plant species.
D. It helps keep the glow of bioluminescent under control.
13. What can be known from paragraph 2?
A. A gene native to plants is equal to a fungal gene.
B. Present approaches include five genes from fungi.
C. Light Bio takes the lead in the study of tree plants.
D. Early findings lay a foundation for the latest research.
14. What contributes to the petunia’s being selected as the first offering?
A. Its inadequate brightness.
B. Its easily being grown.
C. Its function of decoration.
D. Its creative way of flowering.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Native Genes Make Glowing Plants
B. Glowing Plants Gain More Popularity
C. New Advances Help Grow Glowing Plants
D. Discoveries Promote Progress in Essential Fields
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在生物发光植物领域的新研究进展。
【12 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Recent discoveries published in Science Advances have revealed a native plant
gene that enables researchers to more effortlessly control the attractive glow of bioluminescent ( 生物发光的)
plants. (最近发表在《科学进展》上的发现揭示了一种天然植物基因，使研究人员能够更轻松地控制生物发
光植物的迷人光芒。)”可知，这种基因的功能是帮助控制生物发光植物的光芒。故选D 项。
【13 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The latest research builds upon earlier findings. (最新的研究建立在早期发现的
基础上。)”可知，最新的研究是基于早期的发现。故选D 项。
【14 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Known for their ease of being planted and flowering, petunias make an ideal
choice for this innovative enhancement. (牵牛花以其易于种植和开花而闻名，是这种创新增强功能的理想选
择。)”可知，矮牵牛花被选为首个产品是因为它容易种植。故选B 项。
【15 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Recent discoveries published in Science Advances have revealed a native plant
gene that enables researchers to more effortlessly control the attractive glow of bioluminescent ( 生物发光的)
plants. (最近发表在《科学进展》上的发现揭示了一种天然植物基因，使研究人员能够更轻松地控制生物发
光植物的迷人光芒。)”，第二段中“In the new findings, a single gene native to plants can effectively replace
two of the fungal genes. (在新发现中，植物原生的单个基因可以有效地替代其中两个真菌基因。)”，第三
段中“ Bioluminescent plants have gained huge popularity among the public. Light Bio recently began taking
orders for a bioluminescent petunia (矮牵牛花) under the brand Firefly TM Petunia, which is selling fast. (生物发
光植物在公众中广受欢迎。Light Bio 最近开始接受Firefly TM Petunia 的生物发光牵牛花的订单，该矮牵
牛花销售迅速。)”以及最后一段中“In partnership with Ginkgo Bioworks, Light Bio envisions future plants to
be at least ten times brighter, with an expanded range of varieties and colors. ( 通过与Ginkgo Bioworks 合作，
Light Bio 设想未来的植物亮度至少增加十倍，品种和颜色范围将扩大。)”可知，本文主要讲述了新发现对
种植发光指物的有利影响，C 项“New Advances Help Grow Glowing Plants (新进展有助于种植发光植物)”
最能概括全文，故选C 项。
（十三）
（2025 年娄底一模）
B
A University of Exeter PhD student has used artificial intelligence to throw new light on the behaviour of bees.
Daniel Chalk developed the computer model to understand the potential for bees to crosspollinate (异花传粉)
between GM (转基因的) and non-GM crops.
The first of its kind in the world, the study focuses on the foraging (觅食) behaviour of bees over a large area.
It suggests that the potential for bees to affect crops through crosspollination is very limited. There has been
concern over cross-pollination from GM crops and because there is very little evidence of how bees move between
fields, policy-makers have not been able to properly address the issue.
A PhD student in the School of Biosciences and School of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences,
Daniel hopes his research will help shape future policies around GM crops in the UK and Europe. He also believes
his model could help with bee conservation, which is becoming an increasingly important issue because of bee
decline.
We now have a good understanding of the ways in which bees move between plants but researching the
movement of bees between fields has proved very difficult. This is the first study to successfully simulate ( 模拟)
the foraging behaviour of bees across a large area.
Daniel Chalk said: “By creating a kind of ‘virtual bee’, I have been able to show for the first time how bees
move over large areas, across and between fields. My research has shown that bees are very efficient foragers and
so will travel long distances only if they really need to.”
He continued: “While the purpose of this study was to look at the potential for crosspollination from GM
crops, the findings may also help with the massive bee conservation effort now underway. The model I use can help
identify areas that promote bee activity.”
Daniel calls his model HARVEST, which is based on the principle that bees learn from trial and error and
quickly learn which areas are worth returning to and which are not.
24. What is Daniel’s study mainly about?
A. The conservation of bees in large areas.
B. The potential for bees to pollinate plants.
C. The movement of bees between plants.
D. The movement of bees across a large area.
25. Why does Daniel call the bees a kind of “virtual bee”?
A. They are created with an AI tool.
B. They are well known on the Internet.
C. Their behaviour is determined by AI.
D. Their ability to cross-pollinate depends on AI.
26. What is the most probable reason that bees rarely travel long distances?
A. They are not adapted to GM crops.
B. They can only travel a short distance.
C. They know how to save time and energy.
D. They are good at learning from trial and error.
27. How does Daniel’s model help with bee conservation?
A. By recognizing bees’ potential.
B. By affecting bees’ foraging behaviour.
C. By promoting cross-pollination.
D. By detecting bee-friendly environments.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了埃克塞特大学博士生Daniel Chalk 利用人工智能研究蜜蜂行为，
为转基因作物异花传粉及蜜蜂保护提供新见解。
【24 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The first of its kind in the world, the study focuses on the foraging behaviour of bees
over a large area.(这项研究是世界上首个此类研究，重点关注蜜蜂在大片区域内的觅食行为)”可知，Daniel
的研究主要是关于蜜蜂在大片区域内的移动。故选D。
【25 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“By creating a kind of “virtual bee”, I have been able to show for the first time how
bees move over large areas, across and between fields.(通过创建一种“虚拟蜜蜂”，我第一次能够展示蜜蜂如
何在大片区域、田野之间和田野内部移动)”可知，Daniel 称蜜蜂为“虚拟蜜蜂”是因为这些蜜蜂是用人工
智能工具创建的。故选A。
【26 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“My research has shown that bees are very efficient foragers and so will travel long
distances only if they really need to.(我的研究表明，蜜蜂是非常高效的觅食者，因此只有在真正需要时才会
长途旅行)”可推知，蜜蜂很少长途旅行最可能的原因是它们知道如何节省时间和精力。故选C。
【27 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The model I use can help identify areas that promote bee activity.(我使用的模
型可以帮助识别促进蜜蜂活动的区域)”可推知，Daniel 的模型通过检测对蜜蜂友好的环境来帮助蜜蜂保护。
故选D。
（十四）
（2025 年常德一模）
B
When Martin Roth began his career as a forest ranger in the 1980s, his job was to care for the forest in a way
that would ensure continuity for decades, even centuries. Now, with climate change, it’s more about planning for an
uncertain future. “It’s turned into disaster management,” says Roth, for whom the 3,000 acres of forest along the
northeastern shore of Lake Constance in Germany act as testing ground for high-tech solutions, earning him the
nickname “digital forest ranger” in the German forestry community.
After a disastrous storm, the clock starts ticking: damaged trees need to be removed before the arrival of bark
beetles (甲虫), which breed in dead trees and can go on to destroy entire forests. While it used to take Roth two and
a half hours to cover an acre of forest on foot, drones (无人机) now let him survey the entire 3,000 acres in a matter
of days, so he can quickly locate damaged trees, identify and inform the owners of affected plots, and send
information to workers on the ground.
His most recent project is combining body camera footage with AI. “Usually you mark the trees, they’re cut
down, and you have no idea how much timber you’ll end up with-how many cubic meters, what quality, which tree
species,” he explains. Now AI, “looking” through his body camera, automatically recognizes the tree species he has
marked and estimates the amount of timber it will produce, sending the information to his phone in real time.
Roth’s experience in tackling the challenges of modern forestry with technology is increasingly sought after-
colleagues reach out for advice, and he lectures on digitalization in forestry at the Rottenburg University of Applied
Forest Sciences. But he warns that technology can never replace a walk through the forest: “I should never believe
that the digital twin is reality. I always have to do a reality check.”
4. What effect has climate change on Martin Roth’s work?
A. It made his job focus on long-lasting forest continuity.
B. It reduced the importance of traditional forestry skills.
C. It required him to abandon technology-based methods.
D. It shifted his role toward managing unexpected disasters.
5. How do drones help Roth after a disastrous storm?
A. Kill bark beetles quickly.
B. Assess forest damage efficiently.
C. Predict the future climate change.
D. Replace the work of ground workers.
6. What does Roth imply by mentioning “reality check” in the last paragraph?
A. Digital tools must be tested in extreme weather.
B. AI’s calculations are often unsafe and unreliable.
C. Technology will soon make forest rangers unnecessary.
D. Virtual models cannot fully replace on-site inspections.
7. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To describe the life story of a German forest ranger.
B. To warn about the dangers of climate change to forests.
C. To introduce how technology transforms modern forestry.
D To criticize the overuse of drones in environmental protection.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是护林员Martin Roth 如何利用高科技手段应对现代林业面临的挑战。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Now, with climate change, it’s more about planning for an uncertain future. “It’s
turned into disaster management,” says Roth, for whom the 3,000 acres of forest along the northeastern shore of
Lake Constance in Germany act as testing ground for high-tech solutions, earning him the nickname “digital forest
ranger” in the German forestry community.(现在，随着气候变化，更多的是关于为不确定的未来做计划。
“它已经变成了灾难管理，”Roth 说，对他来说，德国康斯坦茨湖东北岸的3000 英亩森林是高科技解决
方案的试验场，在德国林业界，他赢得了“数字护林员”的绰号)”可知，气候变化使Martin Roth 的工作
转向了管理意外灾难。故选D 项。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“While it used to take Roth two and a half hours to cover an acre of forest on foot,
drones (无人机) now let him survey the entire 3,000 acres in a matter of days, so he can quickly locate damaged
trees, identify and inform the owners of affected plots, and send information to workers on the ground.(过去，罗斯
需要两个半小时才能步行覆盖一英亩的森林，而现在，无人机可以让他在几天内调查整个3000 英亩的森林，
这样他就可以快速定位受损的树木，识别并通知受影响地块的所有者，并将信息发送给地面工作人员)”可
知，无人机可以有效评估森林损害。故选B 项。
【6 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“But he warns that technology can never replace a walk through the forest: “I should
never believe that the digital twin is reality.(但他警告称，技术永远无法替代漫步森林的体验：“我绝不认为
数字孪生就是现实。”)”可知，Roth 认为技术永远无法替代漫步森林的体验，不认为数字孪生就是现实，
所以他需要现实检查，所以reality check 意为“虚拟模型不能完全取代现场检查”。故选D 项。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When Martin Roth began his career as a forest ranger in the 1980s, his job was to
care for the forest in a way that would ensure continuity for decades, even centuries. Now, with climate change, it’s
more about planning for an uncertain future. “It’s turned into disaster management,” says Roth, for whom the 3,000
acres of forest along the northeastern shore of Lake Constance in Germany act as testing ground for high-tech
solutions, earning him the nickname “digital forest ranger” in the German forestry community.(当Martin Roth 在
20 世纪80 年代开始他的护林员职业生涯时，他的工作就是以一种能够确保森林在几十年甚至几个世纪内
保持连续性的方式来照顾森林。现在，随着气候变化，更多的是关于为不确定的未来做计划。“它已经变
成了灾难管理，”Roth 说，对他来说，德国康斯坦茨湖东北岸的3000 英亩森林是高科技解决方案的试验
场，在德国林业界，他赢得了“数字护林员”的绰号)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了护林员Martin
Roth 如何利用高科技手段应对现代林业面临的挑战，所以本文目的是介绍科技如何改变现代林业。故选C
项。
（十五）
（2025 年常德一模）
D
From an airplane, cars moving slowly down the highway look like ants. But actual ants — unlike cars —
somehow ow manage to avoid the suffering of stop-and-go traffic. Researchers are now studying these insects’
cooperative tactics (战术) to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up.
The free flow of traffic becomes unstable as the number of cars increases on a highway. At 15 vehicles per
mile per lane one driver tapping their brakes (刹车) can cause a persistent wave of congestion. “It’s a kind of
phase transition,” like water turning from a liquid to a solid form, says Nishinari, a physicist at the University of
Tokyo.
Nishinari’s previous research had shown that ants can maintain their flow even in large numbers. So what’s
their secret? In a recent study, researchers recorded ants on trails and used traffic-engineering models to analyze
their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of three to 20 that move at nearly
constant rates while keeping good distances between one another-and they don’t speed up to pass others.
Human drivers at rush hour are hard to follow such rules. “We’re maximizing the interests of individuals,
which is why, at a given point, you start to have a traffic jam,” says Nicola, who studies sustainable engineering at
the University of Trento in Italy. “But self-driving cars, if they one day become everywhere, could have more
cooperative programming. In one vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would share information with nearby
cars to make good use of traffic flow-perhaps, by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing
others on the road,” Nicola suggests.
Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam, Nishinari says: don’t
tailgate. By leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in
heavy traffic conditions that would otherwise be amplified (放大) into a traffic jam with no obvious cause. “Just
keeping away,” he says, “can help traffic flow smoothly.”
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The principle of causing a jam.
B. The bad effects of jams on our life.
C. The difficulty of avoiding a jam.
D. The suffering of being stuck in a jam.
13. What is the ants’ key to avoiding traffic jams?
A. Traveling in large groups.
B. Keeping steady speed and spacing.
C. Following a central leader.
D. Frequently walk over one another.
14. What does Nicola suggest in Paragraph 4?
A. Provide more speed choices for drivers.
B. Build special roads for self-driving cars.
C. Set stricter rules to regulate drivers’ behaviors.
D. Apply ants’ cooperative strategies to self-driving cars.
15. What does the underlined word “tailgate” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Park illegally.
B. Speed up suddenly.
C. Drive too closely.
D. Ignore traffic signals.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了研究人员如何通过研究蚂蚁的合作行为，来寻找解决交通拥堵问题的
方法，并探讨了这些发现如何应用于未来的自动驾驶汽车编程中。
【12 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The free flow of traffic becomes unstable as the number of cars increases on a
highway. At 15 vehicles per mile per lane, one driver tapping their brakes (刹车) can cause a persistent wave of
congestion. “It’s a kind of phase transition,” like water turning from a liquid to a solid form, says Nishinari, a
physicist at the University of Tokyo.(随着高速公路上汽车数量的增加，交通的自由流动变得不稳定。在每条
车道每英里15 辆车的速度下，一个司机轻踩刹车就会造成持续的拥堵。“这是一种相变”，就像水从液体
变成固体一样，东京大学的物理学家西成说)”可知，本段主要讲述了造成堵塞的原理。故选A 项。
【13 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In a recent study, researchers recorded ants on trails and used traffic-engineering
models to analyze their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of three to 20
that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another-and they don’t speed up to
pass others.(在最近的一项研究中，研究人员记录了小路上的蚂蚁，并使用交通工程模型来分析它们的运动。
他们发现蚂蚁不会堵塞，因为它们以3 到20 只蚂蚁为一组，以几乎恒定的速度移动，同时彼此保持良好的
距离，它们不会加速超过其他蚂蚁)”可知，蚂蚁避开交通堵塞的关键是保持稳定的速度和间距。故选B 项。
【14 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““We’re maximizing the interests of individuals, which is why, at a given point, you
start to have a traffic jam,” says Nicola, who studies sustainable engineering at the University of Trento in Italy.
“But self-driving cars, if they one day become everywhere, could have more cooperative programming. In one
vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would share information with nearby cars to make good use of traffic
flow-perhaps, by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road,” Nicola suggests.
(“我们是在最大化个人利益，这就是为什么在某一时刻，你会开始遭遇交通堵塞，”在意大利特伦托大学
研究可持续工程的Nicola 说道。“但是，如果自动驾驶汽车有一天能无处不在，它们可能会采用更具合作
性的编程。在这种未来愿景中，自动驾驶车辆会与附近的车辆共享信息，以充分利用交通流量——或许是
通过优先考虑保持恒定速度和车距，或者不在道路上超车，”Nicola 建议道)”可知，Nicola 建议将蚂蚁的
合作策略应用于自动驾驶汽车。故选D 项。
【15 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文“By leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a
wave of braking in heavy traffic conditions that would otherwise be amplified ( 放大) into a traffic jam with no
obvious cause.(通过在自己的车和前面的车之间留出空间，司机可以在交通拥挤的情况下吸收一波刹车，否
则这种刹车会在没有明显原因的情况下被放大成交通堵塞)”可知，需要在自己的车和前面的车之间留出空
间，是为了防止追尾，推知tailgate 应是“追尾”之意，和C 项意思相近。故选C 项。
（十六）
（2025 年普通高中名校联考信息卷一模）
C
Many believe zoos provide a safe environment for animals, free from survival challenges. However, this isn’t
the case for the largest land animals, elephants, which frequently experience health issues in captivity ( 监禁),
including diseases, joint problems, and behavioral changes, often leading to having no babies.
A groundbreaking study has analyzed four decades of data on 800 elephants from Africa and Asia living in
European zoos. The research, conducted by a team of scientists, compared the lifespans of these zoo-born elephants
with those of thousands of wild female elephants in Africa and Asian elephants working in logging camps over a
similar period.
To learn more about how captivity affects elephants, a team of international scientists compared the life spans
of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in their native lands. Zoos keep detailed
records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death. The
findings were striking: female African elephants born in captivity had an average lifespan of 16.9 years, but their
wild ones who died of natural causes lived to an average age of 56 years — more than three times longer. A similar
trend was observed in Asian elephants, with zoo-born females living an average of 18.9 years compared to 41.7
years for those in logging camps.
The reasons behind these differences are not yet fully understood. Georgia Mason, a biologist from the
University of Guelph in Canada who led the study, suspects that stress and obesity may be significant factors.
Elephants in zoos do not engage in the same level of physical activity as they would in the wild, leading to obesity
in many cases. Additionally, the social structures of elephants in captivity differ greatly from those in the wild,
where they typically live in large groups and family groups.
Another revelation (启示) from the study was that Asian elephants born in zoos had a higher likelihood of
dying early compared to those captured in the wild and brought to zoos. Mason assumes that stress experienced by
mothers in captivity could result in children that are less adaptive and more likely to die early.
The implications of this study are profound ( 深刻的), particularly concerning the acquisition of more
elephants for zoo populations. While some endangered species in zoos manage to reproduce and maintain healthy
numbers, elephants seem to be an exception. The study highlights the need for further research into the well-being
of elephants in captivity and the potential challenges of sustaining their populations in zoos.
28. What is the main focus of the study mentioned in the passage?
A. Elephant Lifespans: Captivity against Wild.
B. Analyzing elephant social structures in zoos.
C. Studying the effects of obesity on elephants.
D. Investigating the causes of elephant stress.
29. Why might elephants in zoos have a shorter lifespan compared to wild elephants?
A. They have more eaters in zoos.
B. They face increased stress and obesity.
C. They are fed better in zoos.
D. They are less active in zoos.
30. What is the average lifespan of wild female African elephants?
A. 16.9 years.
B. 56 years.
C. 18.9 years.
D. 41.7 years.
31. What conclusion can be drawn about the future of elephants in zoos?
A. Elephants should not be kept in zoos.
B. Zoos should focus on breeding more elephants.
C. Zoos need to improve elephant care to increase lifespans.
D. The study supports the inclusion of more elephants in zoos.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是动物园中的大象健康问题。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The research, conducted by a team of scientists, compared the lifespans of these
zoo-born elephants with those of thousands of wild female elephants in Africa and Asian elephants working in
logging camps over a similar period.(这项研究由一组科学家进行，他们将这些动物园出生的大象的寿命与同
一时期生活在野外的数千头非洲雌象和在伐木营地工作的亚洲象的寿命进行了比较)”可知，研究的主要焦
点是“大象寿命：圈养与野生的对比”。故选A 项。
【29 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Georgia Mason, a biologist from the University of Guelph in Canada who led
the study, suspects that stress and obesity may be significant factors. Elephants in zoos do not engage in the same
level of physical activity as they would in the wild, leading to obesity in many cases. Additionally, the social
structures of elephants in captivity differ greatly from those in the wild, where they typically live in large groups
and family groups. (领导这项研究的加拿大圭尔夫大学生物学家Georgia Mason 怀疑压力和肥胖可能是重要
因素。动物园中的大象不像在野外那样进行高强度的身体活动，导致许多大象肥胖。此外，圈养大象的社
会结构与野外大不相同，在野外它们通常生活在大家庭群体中)”可知，生物学家Georgia Mason 怀疑压力
和肥胖可能是重要因素，进一步解释了圈养大象缺乏足够的运动导致肥胖，以及社会结构的变化增加了压
力。由此可知，动物园中的大象寿命比野生大象短的原因是它们面临更大的压力和肥胖问题。故选B 项。
【30 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The findings were striking: female African elephants born in captivity had an
average lifespan of 16.9 years, but their wild ones who died of natural causes lived to an average age of 56 years —
more than three times longer.(研究结果令人震惊：圈养出生的非洲雌象平均寿命为16.9 岁，而自然死亡的野
生非洲雌象平均寿命为56 岁——是前者的三倍以上)”可知，自然死亡的野生非洲雌象平均寿命为56 岁。
故选B 项。
【31 题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的“The study highlights the need for further research into the well-being of elephants
in captivity and the potential challenges of sustaining their populations in zoos.(研究强调了进一步研究圈养大象
福祉的必要性，以及维持动物园中大象种群可能面临的挑战)”可知，研究强调了进一步研究圈养大象福祉
的必要性。由此推知，动物园需要改进护理措施来提高大象的寿命，而不是简单地增加数量或停止圈养。
故选C 项。
（十七）
（2025 年普通高中名校联考信息卷一模）
D
The video game “Black Myth: Wukong” has been praised as a “masterpiece” by critics and enthusiasts alike,
with many boldly predicting that it will be a strong competitor for the famed title of Game of the Year. This game
has not only gained great popularity within China but has also captivated international audiences, many of whom
may not be familiar with the complexities of the classic Chinese novel “Journey to the West”, from which the game
draws its inspiration. Despite this, the game’s complex plot presents certain challenges for players who are not good
at the slight differences of the source material.
“Black Myth: Wukong” is a proof to the perfect integration of traditional Chinese cultural elements with
modern gaming technology. The game beautifully combines Daoist talismans ( 护身符), Buddhist artifacts, and
ancient architectural wonders, creating a visually stunning experience that draws inspiration from iconic landmarks
such as the Great Wall and the splendid Mount Huangshan. The Shanxi Provincial Department of Culture and
Tourism has cleverly capitalized on the game’s popularity by releasing a promotional video that highlights real-life
locations featured in the game, such as Xiaoxitian and Yuhuang Temple. This has led to a surge of cultural
pilgrimages (朝圣) to these historic sites, as fans of the game seek to experience the real-world counterparts of the
virtual wonders they have explored.
The development team’s dedication to authenticity is evident in their careful research in Shanxi, a region that
boasts (自夸) 80 percent of China’s surviving wooden structures from the Yuan Dynasty and earlier periods. This
research has led to an almost exact copy of China’s breathtaking landscapes, grand temples, and delicate sculptures
inside the game. This remarkable achievement not only serves as a proof to the team’s dedication to authenticity but
also stands as a powerful cultural export, allowing players from around the globe to experience the richness of
Chinese heritage in an immersive (沉浸式的) and interactive manner.
The game’s success is a reflection of the growing influence of Chinese culture in the global gaming industry.
“Black Myth: Wukong” is not just a game; it is a cultural phenomenon that bridges the gap between traditional
Chinese culture and modern gaming, creating an experience that is both educational and entertaining. As the game
continues to gain popularity, it is likely to attract even more players who are curious about Chinese mythology and
history, further cementing its status as a global cultural icon.
32. “Black Myth: Wukong” appeals internationally mainly because of .
A. its simple plot and gameplay
B. its complicated plot and cultural elements
C. its focus on Western mythology
D. its lack of historical accuracy
33. To use the game’s popularity, the Shanxi Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism .
A. released a video game
B. created a promotional video
C. built new tourist attractions
D. published a travel guidebook
34. What is the significance of the development team’s research in Shanxi?
A It led to the creation of a new game engine.
B. It was used to develop a virtual reality experience.
C. It caused a decline in tourism to Shanxi.
D. It resulted in a near 1:1 reproduction of Chinese landscapes.
35. “Black Myth: Wukong” bridges the gap between traditional Chinese culture and modern gaming .
A. ignoring historical accuracy
B. focusing on Western themes
C. integrating cultural elements into gameplay
D. using outdated graphics
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是《黑神话：悟空》通过融合传统中国文化与现代游戏技术，吸
引国内外玩家并促进文化旅游的发展。
【32 题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“ This game has not only gained great popularity within China but has also
captivated international audiences, many of whom may not be familiar with the complexities of the classic Chinese
novel “Journey to the West”, from which the game draws its inspiration. (这款游戏不仅在中国国内广受欢迎，
还吸引了国际观众的关注，尽管其中许多人可能并不熟悉经典中国小说《西游记》的复杂情节，而这款游
戏正是从中汲取灵感的。)”以及第二段中的““Black Myth: Wukong” is a proof to the perfect integration of
traditional Chinese cultural elements with modern gaming technology.(《黑神话：悟空》是传统中国文化元素
与现代游戏技术完美结合的证明。)”可知，尽管很多人不熟悉中国小说《西游记》的复杂情节，但仍受到
国内外的欢迎，且游戏将丰富的文化元素和复杂的故事情节相结合，由此可知，《黑神话：悟空》的国际
吸引力主要来自于复杂的情节和文化元素。故选B 项。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ The Shanxi Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism has cleverly
capitalized on the game’s popularity by releasing a promotional video that highlights real-life locations featured in
the game, such as Xiaoxitian and Yuhuang Temple. This has led to a surge of cultural pilgrimages to these historic
sites, as fans of the game seek to experience the real-world counterparts of the virtual wonders they have explored.
(山西省文化和旅游厅巧妙地利用了游戏的流行度，发布了一部宣传视频，重点介绍了游戏中出现的真实地
点，例如小西天和玉皇庙。这引发了一股文化朝圣潮，游戏玩家纷纷前往这些历史遗址，以亲身体验他们
在虚拟世界中探索过的奇迹。)”可知，为了利用游戏的流行度，山西省文化和旅游厅制作了一部宣传视频。
故选B 项。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ This research has led to an almost exact copy of China’s breathtaking
landscapes, grand temples, and delicate sculptures inside the game.(这项研究使得游戏中几乎完全复制了中国令
人叹为观止的景观、宏伟的寺庙和精致的雕塑。)”可知，研究的意义在于实现了对中国景观的高精度复制。
故选D 项。
【35 题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的““Black Myth: Wukong” is not just a game; it is a cultural phenomenon that
bridges the gap between traditional Chinese culture and modern gaming, creating an experience that is both
educational and entertaining.(《黑神话：悟空》不仅仅是一款游戏；它是一种文化现象，弥合了中国传统文
化与现代游戏之间的差距，创造了一种既教育又娱乐的体验。)”可知，开发团队通过将文化元素融入游戏
玩法，成功实现了弥合中国传统文化与现代游戏之间的差距。故选C 项。
（十八）
（2025 年株洲一模）
C
Animals hibernate（冬眠）to conserve energy during cold months when food is in shortage, slowing their heart
rate and dropping their body temperature to enter an inactive state. This is only survivable if their blood continues
to flow and supply oxygen to the body, but scientists haven’t fully understood how this happens. If they can figure
out how, the potential significance is that people might one day be able to copy the process for medical treatments
or long-distance space travel.
Scientists already know that red blood cells change shape to fit different pressures and blood vessel sizes. To
investigate if something like this happens in the cells of hibernating animals to keep blood flowing, Gerald Kerth
and his team turned to bats.
By analysing thousands of red blood cells from bats and people, they discovered that the cells became thicker
and stickier as temperatures dropped from 37℃ to 23℃. But when they cooled the cells to 10℃, the bat cells
continued this metamorphosis, whereas the human cells did not. Indeed, the bat cells continued to function. This
change might slow down the cells as they pass through capillaries（毛细血管）in the muscles and lungs, making
them efficient at exchanging gases, like oxygen, throughout the body. The team believes that the mechanical
properties of the bat red blood cell membranes（膜）play a key role.
The findings suggest that drugs could one day enable human red blood cell membranes to imitate the way the bat
membranes react to the cold. Surgeons already use body cooling during certain procedures to slow down
metabolism, which can help prevent organ damage in people experiencing heart attacks, organ transplants or major
brain surgery. “Being able to lengthen that cooling time, or drop the temperature lower, could increase those
benefits,” says Kerth.
Nature is full of yet-to-be-disclosed secrets that can teach us how to overcome present and future medical and
technological challenges. In the future, hibernation will allow of efficient long-distance space travel, requiring
minimum food and resources while preserving health during the journey.
28. Why is studying animal hibernation significant?
A. It benefits human’s active states.
B. It brings about medical advances.
C. It contributes to a tourism boom.
D. It promises human’s healthy heart rate.
29. What does the underlined word “metamorphosis” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Decline. B. Destruction.
C. Transportation.
D. Transformation.
30. What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A. Cooling techniques have improved. B. Drugs make human cells work like bat cells.
C. Body cooling matters in surgeries.
D. Lower body temperature helps organ recovery.
31. What is the author’s attitude toward Gerald Kerth’s research?
A. Unclear.
B. Dismissive.C. Doubtful.
D. Approving.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍科学家通过研究蝙蝠冬眠时红细胞的变化，探索其对人类医学（如手术
降温）和太空旅行的潜在意义。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段 “the potential significance is that people might one day be able to copy the
process for medical treatments” 及后文手术降温的应用可知，研究动物冬眠的意义在于推动医学进步。
故选 B。
【29 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段 “the cells became thicker and stickier as temperatures dropped... when they
cooled the cells to 10℃, the bat cells continued this metamorphosis” 可知，温度下降时蝙蝠红细胞继续
发生形态变化（变厚、更黏），结合上下文 “变化” 的逻辑，metamorphosis 意为 “转变、变形”，与
transformation（转变）同义。故选 D。
【30 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段 “Surgeons already use body cooling during certain procedures to slow down
metabolism, which can help prevent organ damage in people experiencing heart attacks, organ transplants
or major brain surgery” 可知，身体降温在手术中已被用于减缓新陈代谢、保护器官，说明降温技术在外
科手术中至关重要。故选 C。
【31 题详解】
观点态度题。最后一段 “Nature is full of yet-to-be-disclosed secrets that can teach us how to overcome
present and future medical and technological challenges” 肯定了研究的价值，作者认为 Kerth 的研究揭
示了自然对人类的启示，对其持支持态度。故选 D。
（十九）
（2025 年株洲一模）
D
Despite decades of indoor smoking bans and restrictions which serve to protect non-smoking people from
exposure to second-hand smoke, a new research from Drexel University suggests that third-hand smoke, the
chemical residue （残留物）from cigarette smoke that attaches itself to anything and anyone nearby, can make its
way into the air and spread through buildings where no one is smoking.
Peter DeCarlo, an atmospheric chemist at Drexel, revealed the new exposure route for third-hand smoke —
through aerosol particles（气溶胶颗粒） which are common particles suspended in the air— they come from
various sources and are harmful to health. “In an empty classroom, where smoking has not been allowed, we found
that 29 percent of the entire indoor aerosol mass contained third-hand smoke chemical species. This shocked us and
raised many questions about how that much third-hand smoke could continue to exist in a non-smoking room,” he
says.
To investigate the cause of this surprising finding, DeCarlo and his coworkers first made cigarette smoke flow
into a Pyrex container, allowing the smoke chemicals to stay inside. Then they made any residual smoke flow out
of the container before pulling outdoor air through it to clear out any second-hand smoke. After a day, purified
outdoor air was passed through the container and the researchers measured the chemical composition of the aerosol
particles it acquired and compared it to outdoor air that hadn’t passed through the container. They found a 13
percent increase in third-hand smoke chemical species in the air that went through the Pyrex container, which
meant that, though it seemed as though the smoke had cleared, a chemical residue still existed and found a way to
attach itself to passing aerosol particles.
This means that the discovery was by no means unique to that classroom; in fact, it’s likely quite a widespread
phenomenon. “While most people expect that they’ ll be exposed to air pollution from cars, or other chemicals in
low concentrations when they’ re outside — they tend to think that they’ re escaping all that when they step
indoors,” DeCarlo says. “Understanding that we are constantly exposed to these chemicals, even in our workplaces,
is a challenge to communicate to the public.”
32. What does the research show?
A. Third-hand smoke spreads widely. B. Smoking bans function well.
C. Smoke residue exists temporarily. D. Indoor smoking is strictly restricted.
33. Why was the discovery in the classroom surprising?
A. Smoking was permitted there. B. New aerosol particles appeared there.
C. Chemical species there raised a debate.
D. Partial aerosol particles there carried smoke.
34. How did the researchers carry out the study?
A. By observing chemicals in the lab.
B. By comparing indoor and outdoor air.
C. By modeling third-hand smoke exposure. D. By measuring air quality in containers.
35. What does DeCarlo imply in the last paragraph?
A. People face new working challenges.
B. Their discovery is against expectations.
C. Smoke exposure raises widespread concerns.
D. Staying indoors frees people from air pollution.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍三手烟（烟味残留物）可通过气溶胶颗粒在非吸烟环境中传播，揭示其
广泛存在性及潜在健康风险。
【32 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段 “ third-hand smoke... can make its way into the air and spread through
buildings where no one is smoking” 及后文实验中教室、容器内的三手烟残留现象可知，研究表明三手
烟通过气溶胶颗粒广泛传播。故选 A。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段 “ 29 percent of the entire indoor aerosol mass contained third-hand smoke
chemical species. This shocked us” 可知，在禁止吸烟的教室中，近三分之一的气溶胶颗粒携带三手烟化
学物质，这一超出预期的发现令人惊讶。故选 D。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。第三段描述研究者通过模拟三手烟残留环境（让烟流入容器、清除二手烟、通入净化空气并
测量气溶胶成分），对比实验前后的数据，发现残留化学物质附着在气溶胶颗粒上。这一过程属于模拟三
手烟暴露的实验方法。故选 C。
【35 题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段指出，人们通常认为室内可避开室外污染，但研究发现三手烟残留物通过气溶胶存
在于室内空气中，这与人们的预期相反。DeCarlo 暗示该发现打破了 “室内无污染” 的认知，具有意外
性。故选 B。
（二十）
（2025 年张家界一模）
A
Four Highly-related Books
Anne of Green Gables.
Anne of Green Gables by Canadian author Lucy Mau d Montgomery has been considered as a children’s novel
since the mid-20th century. It states how Anne makes her way with the Cuthberts at school and within the town.
The novel presents the conflicts between Ann’s more fantastical daily life and that of Marilla, who would rather
operate as social convention dictates（规定）. Since publication, the book has sold more than 50 million copies
and has been translated into 20 languages.
First published: 1908
Original language: English
Pride and prejudice
Pride and Prejudice is a romantic novel of manners by the British author Jane Austen. The story follows the
main character, Elizabeth Bennet, as she deals with issues of manners, upbringing, norality, education and marriage
in the society of the landed gentry（地主阶层）of England in the early 19th century.
First published: 1813
Original language: English
Treasure Island
Treasure Island is an adventure novel by Scottish author Robert Louis, telling a tale of “pirates （海盗）and
buried gold”. The influence of the book on popular perceptions of pirates is huge, including such elements as
treasure maps marked with an “X”, sailing ships, tropical islands and one-legged seamen bearing parrots on their
shoulders.
First published: 1883
Original language: English
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is a novel written by English author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson under the
pen name Lewis Carroll. It tells of a girl named Alice falling through a rabbit hole into a fantasy world populated
by unusual and vivid creatures. The tale plays with logic, giving the story lasting popularity with adults as well as
with children. It is considered to be one of the best examples of the literary nonsense type.
First published: 1865
Original language: English
21．What do the four books have in common?
A．They are novels written by the authors from the same country.
B．They were first published in the 19th century.
C．They were originally written in English.
D．They are works of children's literature.
22．What can we know about Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland?
A．Its theme is manners, upbringing and marriage.
B．Its main character is an English gentleman.
C．It is suitable for both adults and children.
D．It is based on a true and touching story.
23．Which book is involved with sailors who attack other ships and rob them of property?
A．Treasure Island.
B．Pride and prejudice.
C．Anne of Green Gables.
D．Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍四本高度相关的书籍，包括作者、内容、出版信息及特点。
【21 题详解】
细节理解题。根据每本书的 “Original language” 均标注为 “English” 可知，四本书的共同特点是最
初均用英语写成。选项 C 正确。其他选项：A（同国家作者）错误，作者来自加拿大、英国、苏格兰；B
（19 世纪出版）错误，《Anne of Green Gables》出版于 1908 年（20 世纪）；D（儿童文学）错误，
《Pride and Prejudice》主要面向成人。故选 C。
【22 题详解】
细节理解题。根据《Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland》介绍中的 “giving the story lasting popularity
with adults as well as with children” 可知，该书适合成人和儿童阅读。选项 C 正确。A（主题是礼仪、
教养和婚姻）是《Pride and Prejudice》的内容；B（主角是英国绅士）错误，主角是女孩 Alice；D（基于
真实故事）错误，是奇幻故事。故选 C。
【23 题详解】
细节理解题。根据《Treasure Island》介绍中的 “telling a tale of ‘pirates and buried gold’” 及
“one-legged seamen bearing parrots” 可知，该书涉及海盗（袭击船只并抢劫的水手）。选项 A 正确。
其他书籍未提及海盗相关内容。故选 A。
（二十一）
（2025 年张家界一模）
C
Imagine you’re cooking potatoes for breakfast. First, you’d remove the potatoes from their plastic bag. Then,
you might chop them on a plastic cutting board. Next, you’d probably cook them in a nonstick pan. All the
removing, chopping and overheating of nonstick pans can add 2.3 million microplastics to your food.
Besides food, the air and water in your home is full of microplastics. Smaller than a grain of salt, we interact
with them more than we might realize. Humans breathe in about 22,000,000 microplastics annually. As a result,
microplastics have been detected in our blood and lungs. We’re only just beginning to understand the effect of
microplastics on human health — but research suggests we should concern more.
A groundbreaking new study shows how the presence of microplastics in arteries（动脉血管） is linked to a
greater risk of heart attack and death. When microplastics build up in arteries, the thicker blood vessel （血管）
walls reduce blood flow to parts of the body. This study will inspire more research into what other organs plastic
may be damaging, such as the brain, or stomach.
Microplastics may be inescapable, but with simple swaps and fixes, you can reduce the amount of
microplastics you encounter in your own home. Carry your own reusable bags and avoid buying food that comes in
much plastic packaging. When heating food, use stainless steel instead of nonstick pans. Another way to limit your
exposure is to filter（过滤）your tap water to reduce plastic fibers in the tap water.
Ultimately, plastic manufacturers and the companies that sell their products are responsible for the high
volume of plastic waste in our environments, and significantly reducing that plastic — and the microplastics that
come with it — will have to be at the policy level nationwide and worldwide.
24．What does the author try to convey by telling the cooking story?
A．Microplastics directly lead to diseases.
B．Nonstick pans are free of microplastics.
C．We consumed microplastics unknowingly.
D．Cooking is to blame for making microplastics.
25．How do microplastics affect our body according to the new study?
A．By damaging our brain. B．By slowing blood flow.
C．By thickening our lungs. D．By causing stomachache.
26．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．Tips for people to cut microplastics.
B．Proof of microplastics in our homes.
C．Presence of microplastics in packaging. D．Exposure to microplastics via tap water.
27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Plastic waste comes from microplastics on earth.
B．The amount of plastic waste is significantly large.
C．Relevant regulations are vital to contain plastic use.
D．Plastic makers and buyers answer for plastic waste.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍微塑料在日常生活中的普遍存在、对健康的潜在危害及减少接触的方法。
【28 题详解】
推理判断题。第一段通过烹饪场景举例，说明使用塑料袋、塑料菜板、不粘锅等会在不知不觉中向食物中
添加微塑料，旨在表明 “我们在无意识中摄入微塑料”。选项 C 正确。A（直接致病）文中未明确；B
（不粘锅不含微塑料）错误，过度加热会释放；D（烹饪导致微塑料）错误，根源是塑料制品使用。故选
C。
【29 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段 “when microplastics build up in arteries, the thicker blood vessel walls reduce
blood flow to parts of the body” 可知，微塑料会导致血管壁变厚，减缓血流。选项 B 正确。A（损伤
大脑）、C（肺部变厚）、D（胃痛）是未来研究方向，非当前结论。故选 B。
【30 题详解】
段落主旨题。第四段首句 “ you can reduce the amount of microplastics you encounter in your own
home” 为主题句，随后列举使用环保袋、不锈钢锅、过滤自来水等具体方法。选项 A “减少微塑料的
建议” 正确。B（家中微塑料的证据）、C（包装中的微塑料）、D（自来水接触）均为细节，非主旨。
故选 A。
【31 题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段强调 “significantly reducing that plastic... will have to be at the policy level
nationwide and worldwide”，即控制塑料使用需要政策层面的规定。选项 C 正确。A（塑料垃圾来自微
塑料）逻辑颠倒；B（垃圾量巨大）是事实而非推论；D（生产者和购买者负责）错误，原文强调生产者和
政策。故选 C。
（二十二）
（2025 年衡阳县一中一模）
A
Whether rock, pop, folk, jazz, or EDM is your cup of tea, one of these festivals is bound to attract you.
Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival
Since first taking place in 1999, the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival has become one of the USA’s
most popular events. Alongside attracting major acts such as Rage Against the Machine, Jay Z, and Kesha,
Coachella is also known for its huge contemporary art facilities.
Glastonbury Festival
It’s come to be known as one of the most musically diverse festivals around, with performances from idols(偶
像) including Stevie Wonder and David Bowie to lesser-known acts just waiting to be discovered. It has also been
the subject of a number of documentaries — firstly, Nicolas Roeg and Peter Neal’s Glastonbury Fayre in 1971 and
most recently in Julien Temple’s 2006 film Glastonbury.
Roskilde Festival
Denmark’s Roskilde Festival, held each year since 1971, is one of the world’s longest-running festivals, and
today is an eight-day long musical extravaganza(盛会) attracting over 100, 000 attendants each year. Featuring
around 175 music acts across eight stages, Roskilde Festival has welcomed big names like Bob Marley, Metallica,
and The Rolling Stones over the course of its history.
Newport Folk Festival
During its early years, the festival is credited with introducing several then — rising stars of the folk scene to a
wider audience including Joan Baez, Bob Dylan, and Jose Feliciano. In 1965, Newport Folk Festival made history
as the site of Dylan’s disputable choice to “go electric” — a decision which resulted in a chorus of boos( 喝倒彩)
from folk purists among the festival crowd.
21. What is a special feature of Glastonbury Festival?
A. It lasts the longest time. B. It features lesser-known acts.
C. It is the most famous music festival. D. It is the theme of many documentaries.
22. Which festival went down in history for an artist’s debatable choice?
A. Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival.
B. Glastonbury Festival.
C. Newport Folk Festival.
D. Roskilde Festival.
23. What do the four music festivals have in common?
A. They take place every other year. B. They welcome famous stars.
C. They attract millions of attendants. D. They are popular among composers.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍四个著名音乐节的特色、历史及亮点。
【21 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Glastonbury Festival 介绍中的 “ It has also been the subject of a number of
documentaries” 可知，该音乐节是多部纪录片的主题，这是其特殊之处。选项 D 正确。A（持续时间最
长）对应 Roskilde Festival；B（以不知名表演者为特色）文中未强调；C（最著名）无比较依据。故选
D。
【22 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Newport Folk Festival 介绍中的 “Dylan’s disputable choice to ‘go electric’ — a
decision which resulted in a chorus of boos” 可知，该音乐节因 Dylan 的争议性选择被载入史册。选项
C 正确。其他音乐节未提及类似事件。故选 C。
【23 题详解】
细节理解题。四节均提到欢迎大牌明星：Coachella 吸引 Rage Against the Machine 等，Glastonbury 有
Stevie Wonder，Roskilde 有 Bob Marley，Newport 有 Joan Baez 等。选项 B 正确。A（每隔一年举
办）、C（吸引数百万观众）、D（受作曲家欢迎）均与原文不符。故选 B。
（二十三）
（2025 年衡阳县一中一模）
C
Seagulls are flying overhead. Not far away, a boat is making a big noise. The sounds of people talking and
laughing are everywhere. The smell of popcorn is carried on the fresh and pleasant wind blowing off the lake.
Duluth is a city full of sights, smells, and sounds. My family visits it often, but each time it is a new adventure.
Duluth, Minnesota, was founded in 1870. Located at the southeast corner of the St. Louis County, on Lake
Superior, Duluth is the third largest city in Minnesota, with a population of 86, 918. It was named after Daniel Sieur
Du Lhut, a French explorer.
Native American settlements were first found in the area by French explorers in the late 1600s. Soon after,
Duluth became an important trade and shipping center for the timber(木材) industry. In 1865, iron was discovered,
making Duluth a major ore(矿石) shipping point. When the St. Lawrence Seaway opened in 1959, it became one of
the Great Lakes’ leading ports for exporting grain.
Tourism is very important to Duluth. People are attracted to its natural scenery, as well as the museums, zoos,
and of course, the many gift shops downtown. Duluth is the home of the Great Lakes Aquarium, which is the only
allfreshwater aquarium in the United States. However, the Aerial Lift Bridge is the thing that most people want to
see when they visit. Standing nearly 400 feet tall, it is a spectacular feat(功绩) of engineering. The Lake Superior
Maritime Museum, where you’ll find more about ore boats, the lift bridge, and other things, is just a short walk
away from the bridge. If you visit Duluth in the winter, you can go to Spirit Mountain to ski or snowboard.
From bridges to museums, zoos to shops, Duluth has it all. No matter what your interests are, Duluth has
something for everyone.
28. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By giving examples.
B. By giving a summary.
C. By giving a description.
D. By making comparisons.
29. Who was Daniel Sieur Du Lhut?
A. The leader of Native Americans.
B. The founder of Duluth, Minnesota.
C. The person who gave a name to Duluth.
D. One of the first French explorers to Duluth.
30. Why do most people go to see the Aerial Lift Bridge?
A. It is near a famous museum. B. It is a masterpiece of engineering.
C. People can overlook Duluth on it. D. It is the highest building in Duluth.
31. Where is the text likely to appear?
A. a news report
B. a tourist guide
C. a history paper
D. an art show review
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. B 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍美国城市 Duluth 的历史、经济及旅游特色。
【28 题详解】
写作手法题。首段通过描述 Duluth 的声音、气味、景象（“ Seagulls are flying... The smell of
popcorn...”）引入主题，属于场景描述。选项 C 正确。其他手法（举例、总结、对比）均不符。故选
C。
【29 题详解】
细节理解题。第二段 “It was named after Daniel Sieur Du Lhut” 表明，Duluth 以该法国探险家命名。
选项 C 正确。A（原住民领袖）、B（城市建立者）、D（首批探险家之一）均错误。故选 C。
【30 题详解】
细节理解题。第四段 “ the Aerial Lift Bridge is the thing that most people want to see... it is a
spectacular feat of engineering” 说明，人们因其工程成就而参观。选项 B 正确。A（靠近博物馆）是附
加信息；C（俯瞰城市）、D（最高建筑）未提及。故选 B。
【31 题详解】
推理判断题。文章详细介绍 Duluth 的旅游景点（水族馆、桥梁、博物馆等），并强调 “Duluth has
something for everyone”，符合旅游指南的特征。选项 B 正确。其他选项（新闻报道、历史论文、艺术
评论）均不符。故选 B。
（二十四）
（2025 年九校联盟一模）
A
RESTORE AND REWILD
The 2024 Nature Restoration Law aims to renew and protect 20 percent of the European Union’s (EU’s)
decreased land by 2030. Europe is launching hundreds of bold rewilding initiatives in the following places which
leads to a lot of benefits for wildlife and people.
Apennine
Hunting, poisoning, and traffic accidents endanger some 60 Marsican bears in the central Apennine. Removing
outdated fencing helps them move freely and the number of tourists is strictly controlled.
Kraansvlak
Bison (野牛) introduced to work as landscape engineers feed on trees invading easily destroyed sand hills. The
result: a sustainable ecosystem and habitat.
Koitajoki
Work to restore 2,500 acres of peatlands ( 泥炭地) has been beneficial to birds, flood reduction, and
ecosystems under the water, aiding fish such as Finland’s last natural salmon.
Carpathian Mountains
The government’s calling on sustainable tourism leads to decreasing tourist numbers. The region is seeing the
return of wildlife to abandoned farmland.
CONSERVATION VS. REWILDING
These two restoration models are guided by different approaches and long-term goals.
Conservation
Rewilding
Application
zone
Smaller, isolated habitats in need of
careful management
Large-scale landscape, marginal
farmland ( 边远农田), or
postindustrial sites
Approaches
The approach is defensive, involved,
human-led
Emphasizes natural processes and
hands-off management
Goals
Focuses on monitoring and
distribution of endangered species
Boosts rare species
21. What is the intention of launching the Nature Restoration Law?
A. To protect the world’s land.
B. To conduct wildlife research.
C. To preserve the EU’s declining area.
D. To promote biological initiatives.
22. What is the common approach used in Apennine and Carpathian Mountains?
A Forbidding hunting.
B. Limiting tourist numbers.
C. Dismissing outdated measures.
D. Restoring abandoned lands.
23. Which area is more suitable for applying rewilding?
A. Rich farmland.
B. Preindustrial sites.
C. Isolated habitats.
D. Wide-ranging landscape.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍欧盟《自然恢复法》及各地再野生化举措，对比 “保护” 与 “再野
生化” 的不同模式。
【21 题详解】
【细节理解题】根据首段 “The 2024 Nature Restoration Law aims to renew and protect 20 percent of
the European Union’s (EU’s) decreased land by 2030” 可知，该法律旨在恢复和保护欧盟退化的土地
选项 C “保护欧盟的退化区域” 与原文 “decreased land” 对应，正确。其他选项：A（保护世界土
地）范围扩大；B（开展野生动物研究）、D（推广生物计划）未提及。故选 C。
【22 题详解】
【细节理解题】Apennine 地区提到 “ the number of tourists is strictly controlled” ，Carpathian
Mountains 地区提到 “decreasing tourist numbers”，两地均通过限制游客数量保护生态。选项 B 正确。
A（禁止捕猎）仅在 Apennine 提及；C（废除过时措施）、D（恢复废弃土地）非共同措施。故选 B。
【23 题详解】
【细节理解题】根据表格中 “Rewilding” 的适用区域 “Large-scale landscape, marginal farmland (边远
农田), or postindustrial sites”，选项 D“Wide-ranging landscape（大范围景观）” 符合描述。A（肥沃
农田）、C（孤立栖息地）属于 “Conservation” 的适用范围；B（前工业遗址）与原文 “postindustrial
sites（后工业遗址）” 不符。故选 D。
（二十五）
（2025 年九校联盟一模）
C
We all know that being overweight is not great for your health — it’s linked to metabolic ( 新陈代谢的)
diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular (心血管的) problems. But weighing yourself won’t tell you all you need
to know about your disease risk. A friend of mine is a super-fit marathon runner. She’s all lean muscle. And yet
according to her body mass index (BMI), which is a measure of weight relative to height, she’s overweight. Which
is frankly ridiculous. The BMI is deficient. So what should we be using instead?
First, let’s talk about fat — the most demonized of all body components. Fat is stored in adipose tissue (脂肪
组织), which has some really important roles. It conserves energy, maintains our body temperature, and serves as a
protective layer for our organs. It also produces a whole host of important substances, from hormones that control
our appetite to chemicals that influence the way our immune systems work.
However, not all fat is equal. It’s the visceral fat — the type surrounding your organs — that is thought to be
more harmful to your health, if there’s too much of it. Having more visceral fat has been linked to an increased risk
of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. (That relationship isn’t straightforward either, though; studies have shown
that removing this “excess” fat doesn’t improve metabolic health.) Either way, having a good idea of how much fat
is in your body, and where it is, would be valuable. It might at least give us some idea of our risk of metabolic
disorders. There are quite a few different ways of measuring this.
BMI is the most widely adopted. It’s the official measure the World Health Organization uses to define
overweight and obesity. Unfortunately, it doesn’t tell you very much about the fat in your body or how it
corresponds to your health. After all, your body weight includes your bones, muscles, blood, and everything else,
not just your fat. Instead, Emma Börgeson, who studies cardiometabolic disease at Aarhus University in Denmark,
and her colleagues recommend the SAD measure, a measure of the size of a person’s belly from back to front.
28. What does the underlined word “deficient” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Faulty.
B. Accurate.
C. Essential.
D. Worthless.
29. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The types of fat.
B. The impact of fat.
C. The functions of fat.
D. The composition of fat.
30. What can be inferred about the visceral fat?
A. It is the most harmful fat in the body.
B. Too much of it may lead to health issues.
C. It is closely related to metabolic disorders.
D. Removing it can lower the risk of diseases.
31. What might be discussed in the following paragraphs?
A. The comparison between the SAD and other measures.
B. The advantages of using the BMI over other measures.
C. Personal experiences about the weight loss journeys.
D. Detailed explanations of the alternative method SAD.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讨论 BMI 的缺陷，介绍脂肪的功能及内脏脂肪的危害，提出用 SAD（腹部
前后径）替代 BMI 评估健康风险。
【28 题详解】
【词义猜测题】第一段通过朋友的例子（肌肉发达但 BMI 显示超重）说明 BMI 的不足，“deficient”
意为 “有缺陷的”。选项 A“Faulty（有错误的）” 正确。B “准确的”、C “必要的”、D “无价值
的”（程度过重）均不符。故选 A。
【29 题详解】
【段落主旨题】第二段列举脂肪的功能：储存能量、维持体温、保护器官、产生激素和化学物质等。选项
C “脂肪的功能” 正确。A “脂肪的类型”、B “脂肪的影响” 是第三段内容；D “脂肪的组成” 未
提及。故选 C。
【30 题详解】
【推理判断题】第三段指出 “Having more visceral fat has been linked to an increased risk of diabetes
and cardiovascular disease”，即过多内脏脂肪可能引发健康问题。选项 B 正确。A “最有害” 过于绝
对（文中仅说 “more harmful”）；C “直接导致代谢紊乱” 与 “relationship isn’t straightforward”
矛盾；D “移除可降低风险” 与 “studies have shown that removing this ‘excess’ fat doesn’t
improve metabolic health” 不符。故选 B。
【31 题详解】
【推理判断题】末段最后一句提到 Emma Börgeson 推荐 SAD measure（测量腹部前后径），下文应具体
解释这一替代方法的细节。选项 D “详细解释替代方法 SAD” 正确。A “与其他方法对比”、B
“BMI 的优势”、C “减肥经历” 均偏离逻辑。故选 D。
（二十六）
（2025 年九校联盟一模）
D
A cyclist pedals down the street. The cyclist’s brain takes in information from what he has perceived but can
no longer see. The brain sorts through that information—the color, shape and text on signs, for example—and
selects what is most important. Based on that, he takes the correct turn and continues on.
Freek Van Ede, cognitive neuroscientist (神经学家) at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, studies attention. He
uses a lot of bicycling metaphors. His focus is not on external attention—what someone is looking at or attending
to in the moment. Instead, Van Ede is trying to understand what happens inside-how the brain focuses on and grabs
exactly what it needs from incoming information to guide future behavior.
Getting a more real-world picture means measuring brain activity in real time, which is why Van Ede uses
electro-encephalography ( 脑电图), paired with eye tracking. In one experiment, participants watched objects
briefly appear on a screen. Van Ede found that when a participant was asked to recall something about an object
that had been onscreen, their gaze moved quickly toward where the object had been, even though it was no longer
there.
That movement was detectable as microsaccades ( 微跳视)—tiny unconscious movements that your eyes
make. When participants shifted their attention to focus on where an object had been, the microsaccades were
systematically pulled in the direction of that attention shift. This discovery opened new opportunities for tracking
“the mind’s eye,” Van Ede says, and so decoding what information the brain is using to plan future action.
Van Ede’s lab has used the technique to show that when preparing for the future, the brain doesn’t wait until
all the information is in to make a plan. Instead, the brain plans possible actions as each piece of information comes
in—even though the brain can select only one plan in the end. Knowing how the brain plans actions could someday
help scientists gain an insight into memory disorders or attention problems.
32. How does the author introduce the topic?
A. By making an assumption.
B. By giving a relevant example.
C. By making some contrasts.
D. By listing research data.
33. What does Van Ede’s study concentrate on?
A. Cognitive neuroscience.
B. External environment.
C. Internal attention.
D. Unconscious movements.
34. What can we learn about Van Ede’s experiment?
A. Electro-encephalography is the only method to use.
B. The brain doesn’t plan future action until all information has come in.
C. Participants fail to recall what they perceived previously.
D. Participants’ microsaccades correspond to their attention shifts.
35. What aspect may the discovery be applied in?
A. Decoding all messages in the brain.
B. Improving cognitive competence.
C. Knowing some memory problems.
D. Helping cure certain brain illnesses.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍荷兰神经学家 Freek Van Ede 对 “内部注意力” 的研究，通过微眼跳
（microsaccades）追踪大脑如何利用输入信息规划未来行为。
【32 题详解】
【写作手法题】首段描述骑自行车者的例子，引出 Van Ede 对注意力的研究。选项 B “通过相关例子”
正确。A “假设”、C “对比”、D “研究数据” 均不符合。故选 B。
【33 题详解】
【细节理解题】第二段明确说明 Van Ede 的研究重点是 “internal attention—how the brain focuses on
and grabs exactly what it needs from incoming information to guide future behavior”，即大脑的内部注
意力机制。选项 C 正确。A “认知神经科学” 是学科领域，非研究焦点；B “外部环境”、D “无意
识动作” 是研究对象的细节。故选 C。
【34 题详解】
【细节理解题】第四段指出 “when participants shifted their attention to focus on where an object had
been, the microsaccades were systematically pulled in the direction of that attention shift”，即微眼跳与
注意力转移方向一致。选项 D 正确。A “仅使用脑电图” 错误（还结合眼动追踪）；B “等待所有信
息” 与第五段 “plans possible actions as each piece of information comes in” 矛盾；C “无法回忆”
与实验结果相反（参与者需回忆物体信息）。故选 D。
【35 题详解】
【推理判断题】末段提到该发现 “could someday help scientists gain an insight into memory disorders or
attention problems”，即可能应用于理解记忆障碍或注意力问题。选项 C “了解一些记忆问题” 正确。
A “解码大脑所有信息” 过于绝对；B “提高认知能力”、D “治愈脑部疾病” 文中未提及 “治愈”。
故选 C。
（二十七）
（2025 年郴州一模）
A
Newly Designated Top-level Scenic Attractions
Are you planning to escape your busy schedule? Here are some national-level tourist resorts for you to choose
from. Let’s begin your new adventure.
Changshan Islands Tourist Resort
It encompasses 195 islands, with a coastline extending over 359 km, which is a hub of fisheries in China,
boasting lush vegetation and pure, moist air that has earned it the fame of a “natural oxygen bar”.
Address: Changhai county, Dalian city, Liaoning province
Ideal Sightseeing Season: June to August
Opening Hours: 8:00 — 17:00 (open all year around)
Xiling Snow Mountain Tourist Resort
The ski resort, featuring seven trails, is the best in the market in Southwest China and the largest and most
well-equipped ski resort in the region.
Address: Dayi county, Chengdu city, Sichuan province
Ideal Sightseeing Season: December to February of the next following year
Opening Hours: 8:30 — 18:00 (Monday to Friday)
8:00 — 18:00 (Saturday to Sunday)
Shapotou Desert Tourist Resort
Shapotou means “the end of a desert” in Chinese and it lies at the junction where the Yellow River meets the
Tengger Desert, allowing visitors to enjoy both splendid desert scenery and beautiful riverside views.
Address: Zhongwei county, Ningxi a Hui autonomous region
Ideal Sightseeing Season: May to early October
Opening Hours: 8:00 — 18:00 during the peak season (Apr. 1 to Oct. 31)
9:00 — 17:00 during the low season (Nov. 1 to Mar. 31)
Changsha Tongguan Kilns Cultural Tourism Resort
It is set on the Xiangjiang River, surrounded by green mountains and clear waters. It integrates cultural
experiences, leisure vacations, educational research, theme parks, and sightseeing tours into one cultural tourism
resort.
Address: Wangcheng county, Changsha city, Hunan province
Ideal Sightseeing Season: September to November
Opening Hours: 9:00 — 20:30 (Tuesday to Sunday)
1. Where can we go to enjoy the sea view?
A. Shapotou Desert Tourist Resort.
B. Changshan Islands Tourist Resort.
C. Xiling Snow Mountain Tourist Resort.
D. Changsha Tongguan Kilns Cultural Tourism Resort.
2. What can we do in Xiling Snow Mountain Tourist Resort?
A. We can ski.
B. We can fish.
C. We can ride camels.
D. We can experience culture.
3. What do these 4 tourist attractions have in common?
A. They are all located in coastal areas.
B. They all have their best time for travel.
C. They all provide facilities for winter sports.
D. They all offer water-based recreational activities.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个新指定的国家级旅游度假区，包括其地理位置、特色、理想观光
季节和开放时间等信息。
【1 题详解】
【细节理解题】根据 “Changshan Islands Tourist Resort” 的介绍 “It encompasses 195 islands, with a
coastline extending over 359 km” 可知，该度假区有众多岛屿和较长的海岸线，能欣赏到海景。而其他
选项中，A 选项 “Shapotou Desert Tourist Resort” 主要是沙漠和黄河景观；C 选项 “Xiling Snow
Mountain Tourist Resort” 是雪山滑雪胜地；D 选项 “ Changsha Tongguan Kilns Cultural Tourism
Resort” 位于湘江边，以文化体验等为主，并非以海景著称。所以能欣赏海景的是 Changshan Islands
Tourist Resort，答案选 B。
【2 题详解】
【细节理解题】由 “Xiling Snow Mountain Tourist Resort” 的描述 “The ski resort, featuring seven
trails, is the best in the market in Southwest China and the largest and most well-equipped ski resort in
the region.” 可知，该度假区是一个滑雪场，有七条滑雪道，是中国西南部最好、最大且设备最齐全的滑
雪场。所以在 Xiling Snow Mountain Tourist Resort 可以滑雪，答案选 A。B 选项 “钓鱼” 是
Changshan Islands Tourist Resort（渔业中心）可能的活动；C 选项 “骑骆驼” 一般是沙漠地区如
Shapotou Desert Tourist Resort 的活动；D 选项 “体验文化” 是 Changsha Tongguan Kilns Cultural
Tourism Resort（文化旅游度假区）的特色。
【3 题详解】
【细节理解题】分别看四个旅游度假区，都有各自的理想观光季节，如 Changshan Islands Tourist Resort
是 “June to August”；Xiling Snow Mountain Tourist Resort 是 “December to February of the next
following year”；Shapotou Desert Tourist Resort 是 “ May to early October”；Changsha Tongguan
Kilns Cultural Tourism Resort 是 “September to November”，这表明它们都有最佳的旅游时间，答案选
B。A 选项 “它们都位于沿海地区” 错误，如 Shapotou Desert Tourist Resort 位于黄河与腾格里沙漠交
界处，并非沿海；Xiling Snow Mountain Tourist Resort 在四川成都大邑县，也不是沿海地区；Changsha
Tongguan Kilns Cultural Tourism Resort 在湖南长沙望城县，湘江边，不是沿海。C 选项 “它们都提供
冬季运动设施” 错误，只有 Xiling Snow Mountain Tourist Resort 是滑雪胜地，提供冬季运动设施，其
他几个没有提及相关内容。D 选项 “它们都提供水上娱乐活动” 错误，只有 Changshan Islands Tourist
Resort 可能有一些与海相关的活动，但其他如 Shapotou Desert Tourist Resort 主要是沙漠和黄河景观，
不一定有水上娱乐活动；Xiling Snow Mountain Tourist Resort 主要是滑雪；Changsha Tongguan Kilns
Cultural Tourism Resort 主要是文化体验等，不一定以水上娱乐为主。
（二十八）
（2025 年郴州一模）
B
If you are trying to lose weight, climbing stairs as a regular exercise might be for you. Stairs are available in
many places. And research shows stair-climbing is more effective than walking on level ground. “Overall, it is a
fact that stair-climbing gets you fit faster and consumes more calories,” said Lauri van Houten, vice president of the
International Skyrunning Federation. The organization oversees a number of activities that involve climbing.
“How many calories will I burn is the question everyone wants to know,” van Houten said. “Here’s the good
news: The overall energy expenditure of the exercise depends on your weight. Therefore, the more you weigh, the
more you burn,” she said.
Studies indicate that going up stairs consumes approximately 20 times more calories compared to walking on
flat ground. Additionally, descending stairs burns roughly five times as many calories on account of the work from
your muscles to decelerate your body movement. That might be all you need to know if you are trying to lose
weight. Dr. Alberto Minetti of Italy’s University of Milan has done a large amount of research on human movement
— including stair — climbing. It is an exercise everyone can do and does not cost money, he said.
Minetti did the math to explain why going up stairs is so effective for burning calories in a short amount of
time. “To move 1 kilogram of body mass over one horizontal meter, you expend 0.5 calories,” he said. But, he
added, “If you move 1 kilogram of body mass vertically on stairs, it’s 10 calories. So it’s 20 times the calories
moving vertically rather than horizontally.” Trained as a doctor, Minetti has spent his career as a researcher. He
suggested that older people and beginner stair climbers watch their speed. Minetti does his own stair-climbing at
his home in Milan. He said he often takes a few deep breaths before going up the many stairs. In a scientific study,
Minetti makes the point that using your arms in stair-climbing adds extra power. Handrails offer safety, too.
The study notes that handrails are available along most stairs in very tall buildings. Using them increases “the
muscle mass involved...” by getting the arms involved, the study shows. “They are relatively small muscles in the
arms, but better than nothing,” Minetti said. If stair-climbing were an Olympic sport, Australian Suzy Walsham
would own gold medals. Walsham told the Associated Press that stair-climbing is a good form of exercise for many
kinds of people.
4. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A. Stair-climbing contributes to climbers’ health.
B Stair-climbing is harmful to the climbers’ skeleton.
C Stair-climbing is the most effective way to lose weight.
D. Stair-climbing needs high-standard equipment for exercise.
5. Why does going down stairs burn more calories than walking on the ground?
A. Because it is an exercise everyone can do.
B. Because you are heavier while going down stairs.
C. Because your muscles have to work to slow the body.
D. Because the overall energy expenditure of exercise depends on your weight.
6. Which of the following statements does Menetti agree with?
A. It is unnecessary to warm up before climbing.
B. Using handrails may avoid the potential danger.
C. Experienced stair-climbers can pay no attention to their speed.
D. You will expend more calories to move horizontally than vertically.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Calorie Burning Facts
B. A Sure Way to Burn Calories
C. Suggestions on Climbing Stairs
D. Weight Loss Through Exercise
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了爬楼梯作为一种减肥的锻炼方式，具有消耗热量多、人人可参与、
无需花费等优点，还介绍了相关的科学原理和注意事项。
【4 题详解】
【推理判断题】根据第一段 “If you are trying to lose weight, climbing stairs as a regular exercise
might be for you.” 以及 “Overall, it is a fact that stair-climbing gets you fit faster and consumes more
calories” 可知，爬楼梯对于想要减肥的人来说是一种合适的锻炼方式，而且能让人更快地保持健康、消
耗更多热量。由此可以推断出爬楼梯对锻炼者的健康有好处，答案选 A。B 选项 “爬楼梯对锻炼者的骨
骼有害” 在文中未提及；C 选项 “爬楼梯是减肥最有效的方法” 错误，文中只是说比在平地上行走更
有效，并没有说是最有效的方法；D 选项 “爬楼梯需要高标准的运动设备” 错误，文中提到 “Stairs
are available in many places.” 以及 “It is an exercise everyone can do and does not cost money”，
说明爬楼梯不需要高标准的设备。
【5 题详解】
【细节理解题】根据第三段 “Additionally, descending stairs burns roughly five times as many calories
on account of the work from your muscles to decelerate your body movement.” 可知，下楼梯比在平地
上行走消耗更多热量是因为肌肉需要工作来减缓身体的运动。所以答案选 C。A 选项 “因为这是每个人
都能做的运动” 与下楼梯消耗热量多的原因无关；B 选项 “因为你在下楼梯时更重” 不符合常理，体
重在下楼梯时并没有改变；D 选项 “因为运动的总能量消耗取决于你的体重”，这只能说明体重与消耗
热量的关系，而不是下楼梯比在平地上行走消耗更多热量的原因。
【6 题详解】
【细节理解题】根据第四段 “Minetti makes the point that using your arms in stair-climbing adds extra
power. Handrails offer safety, too.” 可知，Minetti 认为在爬楼梯时使用扶手不仅能增加额外的力量，还
能提供安全保障，即使用扶手可以避免潜在的危险，答案选 B。A 选项 “爬楼梯前没有必要热身” 与文
中 “He said he often takes a few deep breaths before going up the many stairs.”（他说他经常在爬很
多楼梯前做几次深呼吸，可理解为一种简单的热身）不符；C 选项 “有经验的爬楼梯者可以不注意他们
的速度” 错误，文中提到 “He suggested that older people and beginner stair climbers watch their
speed.”，虽然这里说的是老人和初学者，但也不能得出有经验者就可以不注意速度的结论；D 选项 “你
在水平移动时比垂直移动时消耗更多的热量” 与文中 “To move 1 kilogram of body mass over one
horizontal meter, you expend 0.5 calories,” “If you move 1 kilogram of body mass vertically on stairs,
it’s 10 calories. So it’s 20 times the calories moving vertically rather than horizontally.”（垂直移动消
耗的热量是水平移动的 20 倍）不符。
【7 题详解】
【主旨大意题】文章开篇指出爬楼梯对减肥有帮助，接着介绍了爬楼梯消耗热量的原理，以及相关的注意
事项等，都是围绕通过爬楼梯这种运动来实现减肥展开的。A 选项 “Calorie Burning Facts”（燃烧卡路
里的事实）范围太宽泛，没有突出通过爬楼梯减肥这个重点；B 选项 “ A Sure Way to Burn
Calories”（燃烧卡路里的可靠方法），没有明确指出是爬楼梯这种方法；C 选项 “Suggestions on
Climbing Stairs”（关于爬楼梯的建议）只是文章的一部分内容，不全面；D 选项 “Weight Loss
Through Exercise”（通过运动减肥），结合文章内容，这里的运动主要指的就是爬楼梯，能很好地概括文
章主旨，答案选 D。
（二十九）
（2025 年郴州一模）
C
The buildings in which we live, work and shop shape our experiences. The construction and maintenance of
these buildings also require significant resources. So a growing number of architects are trying to design buildings
while keeping both sustainability and quality of life in mind. The term “green building” can refer to one of these
structures or to the process of constructing them.
Any structure is considered a green building if it fits certain criteria. Most of these criteria have to do with
environmental concerns, especially those related to climate change. For example, green buildings are made of
sustainable materials and use water and energy efficiently as well as renewable energy sources. Green-building
advocates do care about the humans involved, though; one of the criteria is that the building will improve its
occupants’ quality of life.
Sometimes a single feature contributes to more than one criterion. For example, many green buildings have
large windows, which save energy on lighting. But natural light also has health benefits for humans, such as
increasing vitamin D production, improving sleep and reducing seasonal depression. These windows thus kill two
birds with one stone, saving energy and keeping people fit.
The construction process for a green building should also have minimal environmental impact. This means it
should be energy efficient, avoid pollution and minimize waste.
A commercial building in Hong Kong, includes numerous features that employ new technology to improve its
occupants’ well-being. For example, they cool the building using chilled beams rather than air vents, and then
eliminate uncomfortable drafts. In addition to conventional air filters, they also used a paint that purifies the air,
improving air quality in the building beyond what a filter could do alone.
It’s just one of the many green-building projects carried out by the World Green Building Council. It is an
organization with branches all over the world that collaborates with businesses, organizations and governments to
encourage green building. Its website lists numerous examples of green buildings and highlights some of the
features that made them successful. These buildings include residences, office buildings and more.
8. What are the characteristics of the green building?
A. It should be built in the woods.
B. The essential colour of the building is green.
C. It is environmentally friendly while supporting quality life.
D. The maintenance of this building doesn’t consume natural resources.
9. What are the advantages of using large windows in buildings from the passage?
A. They are energy efficient and good for health.
B. The buildings with large windows are more beautiful.
C. They are good for cutting the cost of building the house.
D. The occupants can have a better view with large windows.
10. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Cause.
B. Activate.
C. Prevent.
D. Remove.
11. What does the World Green Building Council do to promote green buildings?
A. It sets strict regulations for construction companies.
B. It certifies green buildings based on a single criterion.
C. It cooperates with many groups to foster green building.
D. It provides financial support for building green buildings.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了绿色建筑的概念、标准、特点以及一些绿色建筑的实例，还提到了世
界绿色建筑委员会为推广绿色建筑所做的努力。
【8 题详解】
【细节理解题】根据第一段 “So a growing number of architects are trying to design buildings while
keeping both sustainability and quality of life in mind. The term ‘green building’ can refer to one of
these structures or to the process of constructing them.” 以及第二段 “Most of these criteria have to do
with environmental concerns, especially those related to climate change. For example, green buildings are made of
sustainable materials and use water and energy efficiently as well as renewable energy sources. Green-building
advocates do care about the humans involved, though; one of the criteria is that the building will improve
its occupants’ quality of life.” 可知，绿色建筑在设计时考虑到了可持续性（对环境友好），并且能提
高居住者的生活质量。A 选项 “它应该建在树林里” 文中未提及；B 选项 “建筑的基本颜色是绿色”
错误，“绿色建筑” 并非指颜色；D 选项 “维护这种建筑不消耗自然资源” 错误，文中只是说绿色建
筑使用资源更高效，并非不消耗自然资源。所以答案选 C。
【9 题详解】
【细节理解题】根据第三段 “For example, many green buildings have large windows, which save energy
on lighting. But natural light also has health benefits for humans, such as increasing vitamin D
production, improving sleep and reducing seasonal depression. These windows thus kill two birds with one
stone, saving energy and keeping people fit.” 可知，绿色建筑使用大窗户的优点一是能节省照明能源，
二是自然光对人的健康有益，如增加维生素 D 的产生、改善睡眠和减少季节性抑郁等。所以答案选 A。
B 选项 “有大窗户的建筑更漂亮” 文中未提及；C 选项 “它们有利于削减建造房屋的成本” 不准确，
节省照明能源不一定就削减了建造房屋的成本；D 选项 “居住者可以通过大窗户有更好的视野” 在文中
没有体现。
【10 题详解】
【词义猜测题】根据第五段 “A commercial building in Hong Kong, includes numerous features that
employ new technology to improve its occupants’ well-being. For example, they cool the building using
chilled beams rather than air vents, and then eliminate uncomfortable drafts.” 可知，香港的这座商业建
筑采用了新技术来提高居住者的福祉，使用冷却梁而不是通风口来冷却建筑，结合语境，这里应该是说这
样做能消除不舒服的气流。“eliminate” 意思是 “消除，去除”，与 “Remove” 意思相近。A 选项
“Cause”（引起）、B 选项 “Activate”（激活）、C 选项 “Prevent”（预防）都不符合语境。所以答
案选 D。
【11 题详解】
【细节理解题】根据最后一段 “It’s just one of the many green-building projects carried out by the
World Green Building Council. It is an organization with branches all over the world that collaborates
with businesses, organizations and governments to encourage green building.” 可知，世界绿色建筑委员会
是一个在全球都有分支机构的组织，它与企业、组织和政府合作来鼓励绿色建筑的发展。A 选项 “它为
建筑公司制定严格的规定” 文中未提及；B 选项 “它根据单一标准认证绿色建筑” 错误，文中提到绿
色建筑有多个标准；D 选项 “它为建造绿色建筑提供财政支持” 在文中没有提到。所以答案选 C。
（三十）
（2025 年郴州一模）
D
An early text-to-video AI tool called ModelScope, while impressive, was deeply limited in its ability to
accurately represent the text prompt — some users even described the video that it created as “nightmarish”. While
a year later, text-to-video AI would blur the line between the digital and the real.
If you’ve ever used a text-to-image generative AI tool like DALL-E, you’ll see that text-to-video tools work in
a similar way. The user provides a prompt, like “cat swimming in a fish tank”, and the tool creates a video based on
everything it knows about cats, water, fish and the physics of how they might interact. The tool makes use of what
are known as “visual patches”, building blocks of data that help the AI to understand how everything in the scene
should interact and progress, frame by frame.
Tools based on a diffusion system, like OpenAI’s Sora, are trained to recognize objects so they can refine
images by filtering out the incorrect visual patches. This process could be compared to a worker melting raw gold
multiple times in order to remove all its flaws.
One of the remarkable things about OpenAI’s Sora is that it can generate content in a variety of styles. When
the project was disclosed last February, OpenAI claimed that “Sora can generate videos up to a minute long while
maintaining visual quality and adherence (遵守) to the user’s prompt.”
But there are constraints to Sora’s capabilities. As OpenAI shows in some demo videos, the physics of how
objects interact in the videos doesn’t always make sense. Sometimes people or objects will blend together,
transform into other things, disappear or appear out of nowhere. But if the technology can bound from the bizarre
spaghetti video to where it is now in a year, these limitations probably won’t last long.
Meanwhile, you can still experiment with simple text-to-video tools like invideo AI, a product that was created
with marketing, content creation and education in mind. It’s perfect for creating online tutorials, “explainer” videos
or providing visuals for a short story.
12. What can we infer from paragraph 1?
A. ModelScope was widely praised.
B. ModelScope can correctly analyse text to the users.
C. Text-to-video AI received negative feedback eventually.
D. Text-to-video AI has improved significantly over the past year.
13. How can OpenAI’s Sora improve images?
A. By recognizing the objects around.
B By creating content in various styles.
C. By removing inappropriate visual patches.
D. By working in the same way as ModelScope.
14. What message does the last paragraph convey about invideo AI?
A. It may fall out of use.
B. It will be highly profitable.
C. It may increase daily expenses.
D. It will take ages to see the future result.
15. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. A great leap for creative AI.
B. The functions of various AI tools.
C. The limitations of OpenAI’s Sora.
D. A demonstration of making a video.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了文本转视频人工智能工具的发展，从早期功能有限的 ModelScope 到
现在功能更强大但仍有局限的 OpenAI 的 Sora，还提到了像 invideo AI 这样简单的文本转视频工具及其
用途。
【12 题详解】
【推理判断题】根据第一段 “An early text-to-video AI tool called ModelScope, while impressive, was
deeply limited in its ability to accurately represent the text prompt — some users even described the
video that it created as ‘nightmarish’. While a year later, text-to-video AI would blur the line between
the digital and the real.” 可知，早期的 ModelScope 在准确呈现文本提示方面有很大局限，用户评价不
好，而一年后文本转视频人工智能有了很大进步，模糊了数字和现实之间的界限。这说明在过去的一年里，
文本转视频人工智能有了显著的改进，答案选 D。A 选项 “ModelScope 受到广泛赞扬” 错误，文中提
到用户形容它生成的视频是 “噩梦般的”，说明评价不好；B 选项 “ModelScope 可以正确地向用户分
析文本” 与原文中它在准确呈现文本提示方面有很大局限不符；C 选项 “文本转视频人工智能最终收到
了负面反馈” 错误，一年后有了进步，不能说最终收到负面反馈。
【13 题详解】
【细节理解题】根据第三段 “Tools based on a diffusion system, like OpenAI’s Sora, are trained to
recognize objects so they can refine images by filtering out the incorrect visual patches.” 可知，OpenAI
的 Sora 是基于扩散系统的工具，它经过训练可以识别物体，通过过滤掉不正确的视觉补丁来改进图像。
所以 OpenAI 的 Sora 改进图像的方式是去除不合适的视觉补丁，答案选 C。A 选项 “通过识别周围的
物体” 只是其实现改进图像的一个基础步骤，不是改进图像的方式；B 选项 “通过以各种风格创建内
容” 是 OpenAI 的 Sora 的一个特点，不是改进图像的方式；D 选项 “以与 ModelScope 相同的方式工
作” 错误，文中未提及它们工作方式相同。
【14 题详解】
【推理判断题】根据最后一段 “Meanwhile, you can still experiment with simple text-to-video tools like
invideo AI, a product that was created with marketing, content creation and education in mind. It’ s
perfect for creating online tutorials, ‘explainer’ videos or providing visuals for a short story.” 可知，
invideo AI 是一款为营销、内容创作和教育而设计的简单文本转视频工具，非常适合创建在线教程、解释
性视频或为短篇小说提供视觉效果。这表明 invideo AI 有其独特的用途和市场需求，由此可以推断它可
能会带来很高的利润，答案选 B。A 选项 “它可能会停止使用” 与文中对它的描述不符；C 选项 “它
可能会增加日常开支” 文中未提及；D 选项 “要看到未来的结果需要很长时间” 在文中没有依据。
【15 题详解】
【主旨大意题】文章开篇介绍了早期文本转视频人工智能工具 ModelScope 的局限性，然后重点讲述了
OpenAI 的 Sora 等工具的功能、特点以及仍存在的局限，还提到了 invideo AI 等工具，整体展示了文本转
视频人工智能工具的发展和进步，是创意人工智能的一个巨大飞跃。A 选项 “A great leap for creative
AI”（创意人工智能的巨大飞跃）能很好地概括文章主旨；B 选项 “The functions of various AI tools”（各种
人工智能工具的功能）只是文章的一部分内容，不全面；C 选项 “ The limitations of OpenAI’s
Sora”（OpenAI 的 Sora 的局限性）也只是文章的一部分，不能涵盖全文；D 选项 “A demonstration of
making a video”（制作视频的演示）与文章内容不符，文章主要讲的是文本转视频人工智能工具，而不是
制作视频的演示。所以答案选 A。
