2026 年高考英语三轮押题03：完形填空之说明文、议论文
年份
试卷类型
体裁
主题
话题
考点分布
押题依据
2025
新高考 Ⅰ
卷
说明文
科技与生
活
智能家居
的节能原
理与生活
应用
动词 6 个、名词 5
个、形容词 3 个、
副词 1 个、逻辑连
词 2 个；侧重事理
说明、专业词汇辨
析、因果逻辑衔接
紧扣科技生活化热点，
说明文 “原理 + 应
用” 经典结构；动词
/ 名词为核心考查点，
逻辑连词凸显行文逻
辑，契合新高考命题风
格
2025
新高考 Ⅱ
卷
议论文
文化自信
青年在跨
文化交流
中坚守本
土文化的
意义
动词 5 个、名词 6
个、形容词 3 个、
介词 2 个；侧重观
点论证、态度词汇
辨析、篇章逻辑递
进
聚焦文化传承与青年担
当，贴合 “立德树
人” 导向；议论文
“观点 + 论据” 结构
清晰，态度类形容词、
逻辑连词为高频考点
2024
新高考 Ⅰ
卷
说明文
生态保护
生物多样
性保护的
技术手段
与社会价
值
动词 7 个、名词 5
个、形容词 2 个、
副词 1 个、介词 1
个；侧重概念解
释、动作描述、因
果逻辑
紧跟生态保护国家战
略，说明文 “定义 +
措施 + 意义” 结构；
动词搭配与语境逻辑为
核心，符合新高考 Ⅰ
卷难度梯度
2024
新高考 Ⅱ
卷
议论文
成长价值
自主学习
能力对青
少年终身
发展的重
要性
动词 6 个、名词 5
个、形容词 3 个、
副词 2 个；侧重论
点支撑、逻辑连词
运用、情感态度判
断
聚焦青少年核心素养培
养，贴合 “五育并
举” 导向；议论文逻
辑链条清晰，词义辨析
与逻辑判断为拉分点
2023
新高考 Ⅰ
卷
说明文
健康科普
合理膳食
与青少年
体质提升
的科学关
联
动词 6 个、名词 4
个、形容词 3 个、
副词 2 个；侧重客
观数据呈现、细节
匹配、固定搭配
贴近青少年健康热点，
选材生活化、语言通俗
化；考点覆盖基础词汇
与固定搭配，适配新高
考 Ⅰ 卷基础题占比
2023
新高考 Ⅱ
卷
议论文
社会风尚
志愿服务
对构建和
谐社会的
积极作用
动词 5 个、名词 5
个、形容词 4 个、
连接词 1 个；侧重
观点表达、论据分
析、情感倾向
聚焦社会责任与公益精
神，契合高考价值导
向；议论文 “观点 +
实例” 结构，情感态
度类词汇与逻辑分析为
考查重点
押题依据
题型一、说明文
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
270
词
青年社交隔
阂与联结项
目
说明
文
语境逻辑、形容词 /
动词辨析、代词指代、
短语搭配、主旨呼应
聚焦人与社会、人际成长，贴近校园生
活，情感与叙事双线，高频完形题材
As a psychology professor, I’ve studied the happiness curve for years. But looking at the 1 faces
in my classroom, I felt my research wasn’t helping. Young adults increasingly report lower levels of 2
than middle-aged and older adults.
One day, I tried something 3 . I asked my class: “Do you think the students around you are 4
?” Most hands went up. Then I asked: “Do you think others see you as cold too?” Nearly every hand 5 .
Then I showed them our survey results: 92% of those surveyed wanted deeper 6 , and 85% were
ready to help a classmate in need. The room went quiet. The results had surprised them. A girl whispered, “But
Professor, everyone wears headphones and always looks 7 .”
“We usually 8 how friendly and kind we all are,” I explained.
So we 9 the Connection Project. We put posters up in dormitories and also 10 students
to take chances on each other. Mark, a silent freshman, dined with three unfamiliar 11 . Soon they became
a learning circle. “We weren’t really enjoying being alone — we were just too 12 to reach out,” Mark
told us. Six months later participants reported 30% higher happiness and, 13 , four new friends.
On the last day of my course, I closed my notebook and said, “Happiness isn’t a fruit you enjoy 14
, but a garden we grow together. We must jump into the social waters, even when staying on 15 is safer.”
1．A．excited
B．blank
C．angry
D．smiling
2．A．anxiety
B．pressure
C．education
D．happiness
3．A．fun
B．different
C．easy
D．risky
4．A．cruel
B．proud
C．unfriendly
D．smart
5．A．stayed up
B．reached out
C．pulled back
D．went down
6．A．investigations
B．connections
C．thoughts
D．learning
7．A．tired
B．concerned
C．busy
D．alert
8．A．highlight
B．wonder
C．appreciate
D．underestimate
9．A．supported
B．modified
C．designed
D．launched
10．A．forced
B．allowed
C．encouraged
D．challenged
押题预测
核心题型及具体解决方法
11．A．volunteers
B．professors
C．classmates
D．relatives
12．A．shy
B．lazy
C．modest
D．polite
13．A．for instance
B．in total
C．as usual
D．on average
14．A．alone
B．most
C．secretly
D．freely
15．A．stage
B．shore
C．site
D．campus
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．C 11．C
12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B
【导语】心理学教授发现青年普遍低估他人善意，彼此心存隔阂。校方开展社交联结活动，鼓励学生主动
交往。参与后大家幸福感显著提升，也领悟到幸福需要主动相处、携手共创。
【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：但看着教室里茫然的脸庞，我发觉自己的研究收效甚微。A. excited 兴奋
的；B. blank 茫然的；C. angry 生气的；D. smiling 微笑的。后文“Young adults increasingly report lower
levels of ____ than middle-aged and older adults.”提及年轻人幸福感偏低，神情低落茫然，故选B。
2．考查名词。句意：年轻人自述的幸福感越来越低于中老年人。A. anxiety 焦虑；B. pressure 压力；C.
education 教育；D. happiness 幸福。根据上文“As a psychology professor, I’ve studied the happiness curve for
years.”可知，开篇点明研究幸福曲线，说明是年轻人自述的幸福感越来越低于中老年人。
3．考查形容词。句意：某天我尝试了别样的做法。A. fun 有趣的；B. different 不同的；C. easy 简单的；D.
risky 冒险的。根据后文“Do you think the students around you are”可知，作者一改常规研究方式，开展课堂
提问。
4．考查形容词。句意：你们觉得身边同学待人冷淡吗。A. cruel 残忍的；B. proud 骄傲的；C. unfriendly 不
友善的；D. smart 聪明的。下文“Do you think others see you as cold too?”出现cold 对应词义。
5．考查动词短语。句意：几乎每个人的双手都高高举起。A. stayed up 保持原位，熬夜；B. reached out 伸
出；C. pulled back 撤回；D. went down 降下。根据上文提到年轻人自述的幸福感越来越低于中老年人，说
明认为别人也认为自己很冷漠，所以大家还是举着手。
6．考查名词。句意：然后我向他们展示了我们的调查结果：接受调查的92%的人希望建立更紧密的联系，
而85%的人愿意在同学有需要时伸出援手。A. investigations 调查；B. connections 联系；C. thoughts 想法；
D. learning 学习。根据后文“85% were ready to help a classmate in need.”以及文章围绕人际交往展开，推测
接受调查的92%的人希望建立更紧密的联系。
7．考查形容词。句意：一个女孩小声说道：“但是教授，大家都戴着耳机，而且总是看起来很忙
碌。”A. tired 疲惫的；B. concerned 担忧的；C. busy 忙碌的；D. alert 警觉的。根据上文“everyone wears
headphones”可知，戴耳机呈现出无暇交流的状态。
8．考查动词。句意：我们往往低估了彼此的友善与热心。A. highlight 强调；B. wonder 疑惑；C. appreciate
感激；D. underestimate 低估。根据上文“The results had surprised them.”可知，人们误解彼此态度，低估善
意。
9．考查动词。句意：于是我们发起联结项目。A. supported 支持；B. modified 修改；C. designed 设计；D.
launched 发起。根据后文“the Connection Project”开创活动项目常用launch。
10．考查动词。句意：我们在宿舍里张贴了海报，并且还鼓励学生们相互信任、相互支持。A. forced 逼迫；
B. allowed 允许；C. encouraged 鼓励；D. challenged 挑战。根据后文“students to take chances on each other”
可知，贴海报是为了倡导大家主动交往。
11．考查名词。句意：马克是一名沉默寡言的大一新生，他与三位陌生的同学一起用餐。A. volunteers 志
愿者；B. professors 教授；C. classmates 同学；D. relatives 亲属。根据上文“students to take chances on each
other”可知，校园场景交往对象为同学。
12．考查形容词。句意：我们并非享受独处，只是怯于主动靠近。A. shy 腼腆的；B. lazy 懒惰的；C.
modest 谦逊的；D. polite 礼貌的。根据上文“We weren’t really enjoying being alone”可知，不敢主动交流是
性格羞怯所致。
13．考查短语。句意：六个月后参与者幸福感平均提升三成，人均收获四位新朋友。A. for instance 例如；
B. in total 总共；C. as usual 照例；D. on average 平均。根据上文“Six months later participants reported 30%
higher happiness and”可知，统计整体人均数据。
14．考查副词。句意：在我课程的最后一天，我合上笔记本说道：“幸福不是你独自享用的果实，而是一
个我们共同培育的花园。”A. alone 独自地；B. most 大多；C. secretly 隐秘地；D. freely 自由地。和后文
“but a garden we grow together”共同成长形成对比，指独自享用果实。
15．考查名词。句意：即便停留在岸边更安稳，我们也要主动踏入社交洪流。A. stage 舞台；B. shore 岸边；
C. site 地点；D. campus 校园。根据上文“We must jump into the social waters”可知，用水岸比喻封闭自我的
状态。
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
280
词
大黄蜂时间
感知能力研
究
说明
文
动词 / 名词辨析、逻
辑连接、固定搭配、科
普语境理解
人与自然 / 科学探索，科普类完形高频，
侧重逻辑与词义辨析
A new study has found that bumblebees can process the duration of light flashes and use this information to
find food. This is the 16 evidence of such an ability in insects, according to Elisabetta Versace from
Queen Mary University of London. Versace told CNN that the finding could settle a long-standing debate among
scientists about whether insects are able to process complex patterns, as many experts previously 17 their
cognitive (认知) abilities.
“In the past, people thought insects were just simple reflex machines without any flexibility,” Versace
explained. To test their idea and prove that bees could process time-related information, the researchers built a(n)
18 designed maze (迷宫) where individual bumblebees traveled when leaving their nests for food.
In the maze, the bees were shown two distinct 19 clues: one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5
seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds. When the bees approached these 20 circles, they
found sweet, preferred food at one and bitter, unwanted food at the other. Even though the circles’ positions
changed in each part of the maze, the bees gradually learned over time to fly toward the 21 flash, which
was consistently linked to the sweet food.
To 22 the possibility that the bees were relying on seeing or smelling the sweet food, Versace and
her team members then tested the bees’ behavior when no food was present at all. They found that the bees could
still tell the circles apart based 23 on flash duration, not other potential cues like color or shape. “This
shows the bees are 24 using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices,”
she said.
Versace noted that the bees’ ability to use such novel stimuli—flashes they would never encounter in their
natural environment — to solve tasks flexibly is truly 25 . “This finding makes perfect sense, as bees must
carefully manage their time while looking for food to maximize rewards and minimize the 26 of
returning to the nest,” she said. The study also found that bumblebees are among a small group of animals,
including humans and pigeons, that can 27 between short and long flashes, a skill humans use to
understand Morse code, where short and long signals represent different letters.
While the neural mechanisms (神经机制) behind bees’ 28 ability remain unclear, the team plans
to investigate them further in future research. They also aim to study bees living freely in colonies rather than
individually, and explore why some bees learn to 29 time duration faster than others. The findings 30
the long-held idea that bees are just instinct-driven machines. Besides, they highlight bees’ complex cognition and
offer new insights into how animals perceive time.
16．A．direct
B．first
C．concrete
D．physical
17．A．developed
B．possessed
C．demonstrated
D．underestimated
18．A．abstractly
B．carefully
C．complexly
D．conventionally
19．A．visual
B．verbal
C．potential
D．important
20．A．dark
B．wide
C．complete
D．respective
21．A．short
B．bright
C．sudden
D．complete
22．A．allow for
B．look into
C．rule out
D．open up
23．A．typically
B．simply
C．specially
D．purposefully
24．A．actually
B．accidentally
C．maximumly
D．casually
25．A．unique
B．doubtful
C．remarkable
D．measurable
26．A．fees
B．rates
C．costs
D．losses
27．A．shift
B．range
C．alternate
D．distinguish
28．A．food-seeking
B．time-setting
C．time-judging
D．food-processing
29．A．assess
B．reduce
C．invest
D．combine
30．A．convey
B．develop
C．explore
D．challenge
【答案】
16．B 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．D 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．C
26．C 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．D
【导语】研究发现大黄蜂可凭借闪光时长辨别信号、指导觅食，拥有判断时间的认知能力，颠覆了蜜蜂仅
靠本能行事的传统认知。
16．考查形容词。句意：据伦敦玛丽女王大学的伊丽莎白·韦尔萨奇博士称，这是昆虫具备这种能力的首个
证据。A. direct 直接的；B. first 首次的；C. concrete 具体的；D. physical 身体的。前文提到一项新研究发现
大黄蜂能处理闪光时长并借此觅食，后文提及此前科学界长期存在争议，说明这是首次发现昆虫有该能力。
17．考查动词。句意：韦尔萨奇告诉美国有线电视新闻网，这一发现有望平息科学界长期以来关于昆虫能
否处理复杂模式的争论，因为许多专家此前低估了它们的认知能力。A. developed 发展；B. possessed 拥有；
C. demonstrated 展示；D. underestimated 低估。由后文“In the past, people thought insects were just simple
reflex machines without any flexibility”人们曾认为昆虫只是简单的反射机器、毫无灵活性可知，专家以往低
估了昆虫认知水平。
18．考查副词。句意：为验证猜想并证明蜜蜂能够处理与时间相关的信息，研究人员搭建了一个精心设计
的迷宫，大黄蜂离开巢穴觅食时会在其中穿行。A. abstractly 抽象地；B. carefully 精心地；C. complexly 复
杂地；D. conventionally 传统地。根据后文“designed maze (迷宫)where individual bumblebees traveled when
leaving their nests for food”可知，实验用的迷宫是科研人员为实验专门精心设计的。
19．考查形容词。句意：在迷宫中，研究人员向蜜蜂展示了两种截然不同的视觉线索：一个圆圈短暂闪烁
0.5 秒，另一个闪烁时长更长，为5 秒。A. visual 视觉的；B. verbal 言语的；C. potential 潜在的；D.
important 重要的。根据后文“one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds”可知，闪光圆圈属于视觉上的信
号线索。
20．考查形容词。句意：当蜜蜂靠近这些各自对应的圆圈时，它们会在其中一处找到喜爱的甜食，在另一
处吃到不想要的苦味食物。A. dark 黑暗的；B. wide 宽阔的；C. complete 完整的；D. respective 各自的。根
据上文“one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds.”可知，此处
指两个不同时长、各自对应的闪光圆圈。
21．考查形容词。句意：尽管在迷宫的不同区域，这些圆圈的位置有所变化，但随着时间的推移，蜜蜂逐
渐学会了朝着“短暂的闪光”方向飞行，而这种短暂的闪光总是与美味的食物相关联。A. short 短的；B.
bright 明亮的；C. sudden 突然的；D. complete 完整的。前文“one circle that flashed briefly for 0.5 seconds
and the other for a longer period of 5 seconds.”给出0.5 秒短闪光和5 秒长闪光两组对比，蜜蜂记住短闪光对应
美食。
22．考查动词短语。句意：为排除蜜蜂依靠看见或闻到甜食的可能性，韦尔萨奇及其团队随后在完全不放
置食物的情况下测试蜜蜂的行为。A. allow for 考虑到；B. look into 调查；C. rule out 排除；D. open up 开启。
根据后文“the possibility that the bees were relying on seeing or smelling the sweet food, Versace and her team
members then tested the bees’ behavior when no food was present at all”可知，科研人员做无食物测试是为排除
其他干扰因素。
23．考查副词。句意：他们发现蜜蜂仍然能够仅仅依据闪光时长区分圆圈，而非依靠颜色、形状等其他潜
在线索。A. typically 典型地；B. simply 仅仅；C. specially 特别地；D. purposefully 有意地。根据后文“on
flash duration, not other potential cues like color or shape”指实验证明蜜蜂只凭借闪光时长判断，无其他辅助
线索。
24．考查副词。句意：“这表明蜜蜂实际上是利用闪光之间的时差来决定寻找食物的方向的。”她说道。
A. actually 实际上；B. accidentally 意外地；C. maximumly 最大程度地；D. casually 随意地。根据后文
“using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking choices”可知，实验结果证实蜜蜂确
实依靠时间差做选择，actually 表实际情况。
25．考查形容词。句意：韦尔萨奇指出，蜜蜂能够利用这种在自然环境中从未接触过的新奇闪光刺激灵活
完成任务，这一点着实令人瞩目。A. unique 独特的；B. doubtful 怀疑的；C. remarkable 显著的、引人瞩目
的；D. measurable 可测量的。根据上文“flashes they would never encounter in their natural environment—to
solve tasks flexibly”可知，昆虫具备这种特殊认知能力是很了不起、值得关注的。
26．考查名词。句意：这一发现合乎情理，因为蜜蜂觅食时必须合理把控时间，以求收益最大化，并减少
归巢的损失。A. fees 费用；B. rates 比率；C. costs 成本；D. losses 损失。根据上文“as bees must carefully
manage their time while looking for food to maximize rewards and minimize the”可知，蜜蜂高效把控觅食时间
可降低归巢途中的损耗与损失。
27．考查动词。句意：该研究还发现，大黄蜂与人类、鸽子等少数动物一样，能够区分短闪光和长闪光，
人类也凭借这项技能解读摩尔斯电码，长短信号代表不同字母。A. shift 转移；B. range 涵盖；C. alternate
交替；D. distinguish 区分。根据后文“between short and long flashes, a skill humans use to understand Morse
code”可知，大黄蜂能够区分短闪光和长闪光，人类也凭借这项技能解读摩尔斯电码，distinguish between
为固定搭配，意为区分两者。
28．考查形容词。句意：尽管蜜蜂这种判断时间的能力背后的神经机制尚不清楚，但该团队计划在未来研
究中进一步探究。A. food-seeking 觅食的；B. time-setting 定时的；C. time-judging 判时的；D. food-
processing 食物处理的。根据上文“using the time difference between the flashes to guide their food-seeking
choices”以及全文核心是蜜蜂判断闪光时长、感知时间的能力。
29．考查动词。句意：他们还计划研究群居而非独居的蜜蜂，并探究为何有些蜜蜂能更快学会评估时间长
短。A. assess 评估、判断；B. reduce 减少；C. invest 投资；D. combine 结合。根据后文“time duration faster
than others”可知，此处指蜜蜂学习判断、评估时间时长。
30．考查动词。句意：这些研究结果挑战了长久以来认为蜜蜂只是受本能驱使的机器这一观点。A. convey
传达；B. develop 发展；C. explore 探索；D. challenge 挑战。根据后文“the long-held idea that bees are just
instinct-driven machines”以及新研究证明蜜蜂有复杂认知，颠覆了以往固有看法，即挑战旧观点。
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
290
词
大英博物馆
文物修复理
念
说明
文
形容词 / 名词辨析、
语境呼应、词义复现、
文化类词汇
文化遗产、工匠精神，人文价值导向，高
考常考文化主题
In the quiet, dust-moted corners of the British Museum, a silent battle is being waged against the relentless
march of time. Here, the “restorers” work with a blend of scientific precision and artistic intuition. Their mission is
not to make ancient artifacts look new, but to stabilize them, preserving the 31 of history for future
generations.
One such artifact is a fractured Roman vase, shattered into hundreds of pieces. To the untrained eye, it is a
pile of 32 shards. To the restorer, it is a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle waiting to be solved. The process
begins with meticulous cleaning. Every speck of dirt must be removed, not with harsh chemicals, but with gentle
solvents that respect the 33 material.
The most challenging phase is the reassembly. The restorer must hold the fragile pieces together, often
without adhesive at first, to understand the 34 structure. It requires a steady hand and immense patience.
A moment of 35 could result in irreversible damage. “You have to listen to the object,” says Elena, a
senior conservator. “It tells you where it wants to go.”
Once the structure is understood, a reversible adhesive is applied. The choice of glue is critical; it must be
strong enough to hold the weight but 36 enough to be removed by future conservators who might have
better technology. This principle of reversibility is the 37 of modern conservation ethics. We do not
impose our will on the past; we merely 38 it.
There are gaps, of course — missing pieces that were lost centuries ago. In the past, restorers might have
39 these gaps with new clay, trying to deceive the viewer. Today, the philosophy is different. Missing parts are
filled with a neutral material, clearly 40 from the original, so that the viewer can distinguish between the
ancient craft and the modern repair. Honesty, in this profession, is 41 .
The work is slow, often taking months for a single object. It is not a job for those seeking 42
gratification. The reward is subtle. It comes in the quiet satisfaction of seeing a broken object become whole again,
or in the knowledge that a piece of human heritage has been 43 from the jaws of oblivion.
In a world that values speed and novelty, these restorers stand as guardians of 44 . They remind us
that while empires fall and civilizations crumble, the human touch — the fingerprint on the clay, the brushstroke on
the canvas — can 45 , if only we care enough to save it.
31．A．dignity
B．weight
C．length
D．width
32．A．precious
B．worthless
C．decorative
D．ancient
33．A．fragile
B．rigid
C．flexible
D．solid
34．A．external
B．internal
C．original
D．final
35．A．hesitation
B．inspiration
C．distraction
D．determination
36．A．permanent
B．soluble
C．invisible
D．durable
37．A．violation
B．cornerstone
C．outcome
D．suspicion
38．A．facilitate
B．dominate
C．ignore
D．evaluate
39．A．exposed
B．bridged
C．fabricated
D．enlarged
40．A．inseparable
B．indistinguishable
C．distinguishable
D．detachable
41．A．optional
B．paramount
C．subjective
D．controversial
42．A．delayed
B．spiritual
C．immediate
D．emotional
43．A．rescued
B．isolated
C．excluded
D．erased
44．A．innovation
B．efficiency
C．profit
D．permanence
45．A．fade
B．endure
C．vanish
D．collapse
【答案】
31．A 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C 36．B 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．C
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．B
【导语】文章介绍大英博物馆文物修复工作、修复原则以及文物修复的意义与价值。
31．考查名词。句意：他们的使命不是让古老的文物焕然一新，而是稳固文物，为后代留存历史的尊严。
A. dignity 尊严；B. weight 重量；C. length 长度；D. width 宽度。根据前文“Their mission is not to make
ancient artifacts look new, but to stabilize them”可知，修复文物是为了留存历史尊严。
32．考查形容词。句意：对于没有受过训练的人来说，它是一堆毫无价值的碎片。A. precious 珍贵的；B.
worthless 无价值的；C. decorative 装饰性的；D. ancient 古代的。根据前文“shattered into hundreds of
pieces”可知，文物碎成很多片，对于没有受过训练的人来说，这些碎片是无价值的。
33．考查形容词。句意：每一粒灰尘都必须清除，不是用强力的化学物质，而是用温和的溶剂，以尊重脆
弱的材料。A. fragile 脆弱的；B. rigid 僵硬的；C. flexible 灵活的；D. solid 坚固的。根据前文“not with
harsh chemicals, but with gentle solvents”可知，文物材质脆弱，需要轻柔清洁。
34．考查形容词。句意：修复师必须拼接易碎碎片，起初通常不使用胶水，以此摸清文物原本的结构。A.
external 外部的；B. internal 内部的；C. original 原本的；D. final 最终的。根据前文“The most challenging
phase is the reassembly”可知，重组文物需要还原其原本结构。
35．考查名词。句意：这需要稳健的手法和极大的耐心，稍有分心就可能造成不可逆的损坏。A. hesitation
犹豫；B. inspiration 灵感；C. distraction 分心；D. determination 决心。根据前文“It requires a steady hand
and immense patience”可知，修复文物时需要全神贯注，分心会导致不可逆转的损害。
36．考查形容词。句意：胶水的选择至关重要，既要足够牢固，又要具备可溶性，方便未来技术更先进的
修复师拆除。A. permanent 永久的；B. soluble 可溶解的；C. invisible 隐形的；D. durable 耐用的。根据后文
“enough to be removed by future conservators”可知，胶水要可溶，以便未来修复者去除。
37．考查名词。句意：这种可逆性原则是现代文物保护伦理的基石。A. violation 违反；B. cornerstone 基石、
基础；C. outcome 结果；D. suspicion 怀疑。根据前文“This principle of reversibility”可知，该原则是现代文
物保护的核心基础。
38．考查动词。句意：我们不将自身意志强加于历史，只是助力历史留存。A. facilitate 促进，助力；B.
dominate 支配；C. ignore 忽视；D. evaluate 评估。根据前文“We do not impose our will on the past”可知，我
们不把自己的意志强加给过去，只是促进它。
39．考查动词。句意：过去，修复师可能会用新陶捏造缺损部分，试图蒙蔽观看的人。A. exposed 暴露；
B. bridged 架桥；C. fabricated 捏造，填补；D. enlarged 扩大。根据后文“trying to deceive the viewer”可知，
旧时修复师会人工捏造部件伪造文物原貌。
40．考查形容词。句意：缺失的部分会用中性材料填补，与原文物清晰可区分。A. inseparable 不可分割的；
B. indistinguishable 难以区分的；C. distinguishable 可区分的；D. detachable 可拆卸的。根据后文“the
viewer can distinguish between the ancient craft and the modern repair”可知，缺失的部分填充的材料要与原件
明显不同，以便观众区分。
41．考查形容词。句意：在这个行业中，坦诚真实至关重要。A. optional 可选的；B. paramount 至关重要的；
C. subjective 主观的；D. controversial 有争议的。根据前文修复工作追求真实、不刻意造假的理念可知，真
实性在该行业至关重要。
42．考查形容词。句意：这份工作不适合追求即时满足感的人。A. delayed 延迟的；B. spiritual 精神的；C.
immediate 即时的；D. emotional 情感的。根据前文“The work is slow, often taking months for a single object”
可知，修复文物工作很慢，不是寻求即时满足感的工作。
43．考查动词。句意：修复的成就感，源于见证破损文物重归完整，源于将人类文化遗产从湮灭边缘拯救
回来。A. rescued 拯救；B. isolated 隔离；C. excluded 排除；D. erased 抹去。根据后文“from the jaws of
oblivion”可知，修复工作拯救了濒危文化遗产。
44．考查名词。句意：在推崇速度与新奇的时代，这些修复师是永恒之物的守护者。A. innovation 创新；
B. efficiency 效率；C. profit 利益；D. permanence 永恒、恒久。根据后文“while empires fall and civilizations
crumble”可知，修复师守护着恒久的人类文明。
45．考查动词。句意：它们提醒我们，帝国覆灭、文明崩塌，但人类的匠心印记，只要我们用心守护，便
能恒久留存。A. fade 消退；B. endure 持久、存续；C. vanish 消失；D. collapse 崩塌。根据后文“if only we
care enough to save it”可知，只要我们足够关心去拯救它，人类的触感就能经受住时间的考验。
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
265
词
野生熊救援
与垃圾警示
说明
文
动词 / 名词辨析、语
境逻辑、短语搭配、环
保主题词汇
人与自然、野生动物保护，正能量叙事，
细节题为主
Wildlife biologists in Montmorency County successfully cut a plastic lid (盖子) off a bear’s neck, according
to Michigan’s Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Actually, the wild animal had accidentally gotten its head
46 in the lid’s 5-inch hole years ago.
“ 47 this bear from the lid was extremely rewarding, and we hope acts like this will 48
additional bears in the future and other wildlife species as well,” DNR’s specialist Cody Norton said.
The DNR 49 that they first spotted the bear in 2023 after seeing camera photos of the bear with its
head trapped in the lid. In the 50 two years, the bear continued to 51 on other cameras but
would disappear very quickly.
The bear’s 52 came after a local resident found the animal and 53 the DNR in late May,
the agency said. With the landowner’s 54 , state biologists set up a fence, and a successful rescue 55
on June 2. They gave the bear anesthesia (麻醉) and 56 the lid. The bear was then released back into
the wild after the anesthesia 57 . The now 2-year-old bear’s neck had significant scarring, but it was
58 healthy, the agency said.
While it is not yet known how the bear got its head trapped in the lid, Norton said that he wanted the bear’s
difficulty to be a 59 of how to safely throw away rubbish so that a 60 isn’t posed to
wildlife.
46．A．fixed
B．buried
C．wrapped
D．stuck
47．A．Freeing
B．Recognizing
C．Tracking
D．Observing
48．A．find
B．please
C．benefit
D．attract
49．A．expected
B．noted
C．warned
D．recommended
50．A．wonderful
B．historical
C．further
D．subsequent
51．A．appear
B．shout
C．focus
D．escape
52．A．request
B．anxiety
C．discovery
D．appeal
53．A．trusted
B．contacted
C．joined
D．persuaded
54．A．invitation
B．permission
C．demand
D．assignment
55．A．continued
B．changed
C．extended
D．occurred
56．A．removed
B．collected
C．opened
D．returned
57．A．showed up
B．broke down
C．wore off
D．stood out
58．A．otherwise
B．therefore
C．instead
D．ever
59．A．theme
B．pattern
C．reminder
D．strategy
60．A．surprise
B．danger
C．camera
D．pressure
【答案】
46．D 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．B 55．D
56．A 57．C 58．A 59．C 60．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了密歇根DNR 生物学家成功取下一只熊脖子上卡住的塑料盖，这只
熊多年被困，经救助后放归野外，此事也提醒人们安全处理垃圾，避免危害野生动物。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，这只野生动物多年前曾意外地将头卡在了盖子的5 英寸孔洞里。
A. fixed 固定；B. buried 埋葬；C. wrapped 包裹；D. stuck 卡住，陷入。根据下文“the bear with its head
trapped in the lid”提到困住在孔洞里，可知，这只野生动物多年前不小心把头卡在了塑料盖5 英寸的洞里。
故选D 项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“将这只熊从盖子中解救出来真是太令人欣慰了，我们希望这样的行动未
来能对其他熊以及其他野生动物物种都有益处，”DNR 的专家科迪·诺顿说道。A. Freeing 释放；B.
Recognizing 认出；C. Tracking 追踪；D. Observing 观察。根据下文“…this bear from the lid was extremely
rewarding”以及全文讲救助被困的熊，可知，此处为将这只熊从盖子中解救出来真是太令人欣慰了，free…
from 表示“使…… 摆脱/解放”。故选A 项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“将这只熊从盖子中解救出来真是太令人欣慰了，我们希望这样的行动未
来能对其他熊以及其他野生动物物种都有益处，”DNR 的专家科迪·诺顿说道。A. find 发现；B. please 使
高兴；C. benefit 使有益；D. attract 吸引。根据句意以及下文“…additional bears in the future and other
wildlife species as well”可知，救助行为对动物是有利的。故选C 项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自然资源部指出，他们于2023 年首次发现这只熊，当时看到的相机照片显
示这只熊的头部卡在了盖子的孔洞中。A. expected 期待；B. noted 指出，说明；C. warned 警告；D.
recommended 推荐。根据句意以及下文“they first spotted the bear in 2023”可知，此处为DNR 指出/说明，
他们2023 年首次发现这只熊。故选B 项。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，这只熊继续出现在其他相机中，但很快就消失了。
A. wonderful 极好的；B. historical 历史的；C. further 进一步的；D. subsequent 随后的。根据下文“the bear
continued to _______ on other cameras but would disappear very quickly”可知，在随后的两年里，这只熊继续
出现在相机里。故选D 项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，这只熊继续出现在其他相机中，但很快就消失了。A.
appear 出现；B. shout 叫喊；C. focus 聚焦；D. escape 逃跑。根据下文but 转折提到“would disappear very
quickly”可知，这只熊继续在其他相机里出现，但很快消失。故选A 项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该机构称，这只熊是在当地居民发现该动物并联系DNR 后于5 月下旬被发
现的。A. request 请求；B. anxiety 焦虑；C. discovery 发现；D. appeal 呼吁。根据下文“came after a local
resident found the animal”可知，居民发现熊并联系机构，才有了这次救援。故选C 项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该机构称，这只熊是在当地居民发现该动物并联系DNR 后于5 下旬被发现
的。A. trusted 信任；B. contacted 联系；C. joined 加入；D. persuaded 说服。根据上文提到的当地居民发现
该动物，以及下文“the DNR in late May”可知，当地居民发现后联系了DNR。故选B 项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在得到土地所有者的许可后，州生物学家设置了围栏，于6 月2 日成功实
施了救援。A. invitation 邀请；B. permission 许可；C. demand 要求；D. assignment 任务。根据下文“state
biologists set up a fence”可知，在土地所有者的允许下，生物学家设置了围栏。故选B 项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在得到土地所有者的许可后，州生物学家设置了围栏，于6 月2 日成功实
施了救援。A. continued 继续；B. changed 改变；C. extended 延伸；D. occurred 发生。根据句意以及下文
“on June 2”可知，此处指的是 成功的救援在6 月2 日发生。故选D 项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们给这只熊进行了麻醉，并取下了盖子。A. removed 移除；B. collected
收集；C. opened 打开；D. returned 归还。根据上文“cut a plastic lid (盖子) off a bear’s neck”可知，他们给熊
麻醉后取下了塑料盖。故选A 项。
57．考查动词短语辨析。句意：麻醉药效消退后，这只熊被放回了野外。A. showed up 出现；B. broke
down 出故障；C. wore off 逐渐减弱；D. stood out 显眼。根据上文“The bear was then released back into the
wild”可知，麻醉逐渐消退后，熊被放归野外。故选C 项。
58．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在这只2 岁的熊颈部有明显的疤痕，但身体其他部分都很健康，该机构
表示。A. otherwise 在其他方面；B. therefore 因此；C. instead 相反；D. ever 曾经。根据上文“The now 2-
year-old bear’s neck had significant scarring”以及下文“healthy”可知，脖子有明显疤痕，但除此之外很健康。
故选A 项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然目前还不清楚这只熊是如何让自己的头卡在盖子上的，但诺顿表示，
他希望这件事能起到警示作用，提醒人们如何安全地丢弃垃圾，以免对野生动物造成威胁。A. theme 主题；
B. pattern 模式；C. reminder 提醒；D. strategy 策略。根据句意以及下文“how to safely throw away rubbish”
可知，此处指的是希望这件事能提醒人们安全处理垃圾。故选C 项。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然目前还不清楚这只熊是如何让自己的头卡在盖子上的，但诺顿表示，
他希望这件事能起到警示作用，提醒人们如何安全地丢弃垃圾，以免对野生动物造成威胁。A. surprise 惊
喜；B. danger 危险；C. camera 相机；D. pressure 压力。根据上文“how the bear got its head trapped in the
lid”可知，熊被垃圾卡住受伤，就是垃圾带来的危险。pose a danger“构成威胁”为固定短语。故选B 项。
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
280
词
夏威夷火山
模拟火星实
验
说明
文
形容词 / 动词辨析、
因果逻辑、科研语境、
固定搭配
科技探索、航天主题，贴近前沿热点，逻
辑完形高频
Mauna Loa in Hawaii is among the world’s most active volcanoes. However, this 61 spot is an
ideal place for simulating (模拟) a space mission to Mars. The site was chosen because it is relatively remote and
62 to the conditions on Mars. The red planet has large volcanoes that are geologic cousins to Mauna Loa.
63 , six scientists were housed near the volcano in a small white dome (圆顶屋) for an 8-month
experiment, the 64 of which was to 65 information on how lengthy Mars missions could
psychologically affect astronauts. The six scientists closed themselves off from the outside world in order to study
what 66 on Mars would be like. Their task was to see how isolation affects the social aspects of explorers
who might one day 67 the red planet.
Conditions on Mars are tough, so the six had to manage without many of life’s 68 , like fresh fruit
and unlimited water. Leaving the habitat involved 69 heavy suits similar to those being designed for
Mars astronauts and waiting 5 minutes in an “airlock” to simulate how the air pressure drops. They only left the
dome once a week to 70 field studies that would happen during a Mars mission.
Outside, there was a lot to explore — lava flows, caves, and igneous rock. The 71 were a
particularly attractive destination. In an article, a participant noted her crew explored more than 100 caves. In one
particular cave, she detailed the 72 that came from exploring finger-shaped rock formations.
“We have examined the rock more closely, and 73 a suitable shelter for a possible evacuation (撤
离) from the dome,” she wrote. “On Mars this kind of lava tube (熔岩管) is hoped to provide shelter to astronauts
from the 74 space radiation during a solar storm.”
The research findings are expected to have considerable 75 on decisions when putting astronauts
for future missions to Mars.
61．A．uncertain
B．unimportant
C．unnecessary
D．unlikely
62．A．vital
B．linked
C．similar
D．beneficial
63．A．Therefore
B．Moreover
C．However
D．Still
64．A．cause
B．objective
C．result
D．challenge
65．A．send
B．store
C．change
D．download
66．A．weather
B．water
C．life
D．volcanoes
67．A．inhabit
B．pollute
C．picture
D．map
68．A．skills
B．fortunes
C．tools
D．luxuries
69．A．protecting
B．locating
C．carrying
D．wearing
70．A．keep an eye on B．carry out
C．break off
D．call off
71．A．shelters
B．rocks
C．caves
D．domes
72．A．relief
B．excitement
C．fear
D．peace
73．A．decorated
B．built
C．destroyed
D．found
74．A．harmful
B．random
C．mysterious
D．unexpected
75．A．limitations
B．pressure
C．influence
D．control
【答案】
61．D 62．C 63．A 64．B 65．B 66．C 67．A 68．D 69．D 70．B
71．C 72．B 73．D 74．A 75．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍夏威夷冒纳罗亚火山因环境酷似火星，被用于模拟火星任务实验，科
学家在此模拟火星生活，为未来载人探火任务提供研究依据。
61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这个看似不太可能的地方却是模拟火星太空任务的理想地点。A.
uncertain 不确定的；B. unimportant 不重要的；C. unnecessary 不必要的；D. unlikely 不太可能的。根据前文
“Mauna Loa is among the world’s most active volcanoes”可知，活跃火山本不适合科研，因此是不太可能的
地点。故选D 项。
62．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该地点被选中是因为它位置偏远，且与火星环境相似。A. vital 至关重要
的；B. linked 相关的；C. similar 相似的；D. beneficial 有益的。根据后文“The red planet has large volcanoes
that are geologic cousins to Mauna Loa”可知，这里指两地地质环境相似。故选C 项。
63．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，六名科学家被安置在火山附近的白色小圆顶屋内，进行为期8 个月
的实验，其目的是收集关于长期火星任务会如何在心理上影响宇航员的信息。A. Therefore 因此；B.
Moreover 此外；C. However 然而；D. Still 仍然。根据前文“The red planet has large volcanoes that are
geologic cousins to Mauna Loa”描述Mauna Loa 适合模拟火星环境，因此开展实验，前后为因果关系，
therefore 符合语境。故选A 项。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，六名科学家被安置在火山附近的白色小圆顶屋内，进行为期8 个月
的实验，其目的是收集关于长期火星任务会如何在心理上影响宇航员的信息。A. cause 原因；B. objective
目的；C. result 结果；D. challenge 挑战。根据后文“to study what life on Mars would be like”以及语境可知，
此处指实验的目标。故选B 项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，六名科学家被安置在火山附近的白色小圆顶屋内，进行为期8 个月
的实验，其目的是保存关于长期火星任务会如何在心理上影响宇航员的信息。A. send 发送；B. store 储存，
收集；C. change 改变；D. download 下载。根据后文“how lengthy Mars missions could psychologically affect
astronauts”以及语境可知，实验是为了收集关于长期火星任务会如何在心理上影响宇航员的信息，store 符
合语境。故选B 项。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这六名科学家与外界隔绝，以研究火星上的生活会是什么样子。A. weather
天气；B. water 水源；C. life 生活；D. volcanoes 火山。根据后文“how isolation affects the social aspects of
explorers”以及语境可知，这里指科学家在模拟火星生活。故选C 项。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的任务是观察隔离会如何影响未来可能居住火星的探险者的社交状况。
A. inhabit 居住；B. pollute 污染；C. picture 想象；D. map 绘制地图。根据前文“space mission to Mars”可知，
这里指研究对象是未来将居住火星的探险者，inhabit 符合语境。故选A 项。
68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：火星环境恶劣，所以六人必须在没有许多生活奢享品的条件下生活，比如
新鲜水果和无限供水。A. skills 技能；B. fortunes 财富；C. tools 工具；D. luxuries 奢享品。根据后文“fresh
fruit and unlimited water”以及常识可知，这些在太空中属于稀缺奢享品。故选D 项。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开栖息地需要穿上与为火星宇航员设计的宇航服类似的厚重防护服，并
在“气闸舱”内等候5 分钟，以模拟气压下降的过程。A. protecting 保护；B. locating 定位；C. carrying 携
带；D. wearing 穿着。根据后文“heavy suits”以及语境可知，这里指穿戴厚重防护服。故选D 项。
70．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们每周只离开圆顶屋一次，去执行火星任务期间会进行的实地研究。A.
keep an eye on 留意；B. carry out 执行；C. break off 中断；D. call off 取消。根据后文“field studies that
would happen during a Mars mission”以及语境可知，这里指开展地研究的任务，carry out 符合语境。故选B
项。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些洞穴是特别吸引人的目的地。A. shelters 庇护所；B. rocks 岩石；C.
caves 洞穴；D. domes 圆顶屋。根据后文“her crew explored more than 100 caves”可知，这里指洞穴很吸引
人，caves 是原词复现。故选C 项。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个特别洞穴里，她详细描述了探索指状岩层所带来的兴奋感。A. relief
宽慰；B. excitement 兴奋；C. fear 恐惧；D. peace 平静。根据前文“ were a particularly attractive
destination”可知，这里指探索她带来了兴奋。故选B 项。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们更仔细地检查了岩石，并找到了一个适合从圆顶屋撤离的庇护所。A.
decorated 装饰；B. built 建造；C. destroyed 破坏；D. found 找到。根据后文“a suitable shelter for a possible
evacuation”以及语境可知，这里指发现了适合从圆顶屋撤离的庇护所。故选D 项。
74．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在火星上，这种熔岩管有望为宇航员提供庇护，躲避太阳风暴期间有害
的太空辐射。A. harmful 有害的；B. random 随机的；C. mysterious 神秘的；D. unexpected 意外的。根据后
文“space radiation during a solar storm”以及常识可知，辐射是有害的，harmful 符合语境。故选A 项。
75．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项研究结果预计会对未来派遣宇航员执行火星任务的决策产生重大影响。
A. limitations 限制；B. pressure 压力；C. influence 影响；D. control 控制。根据前文“to
information on how lengthy Mars missions could psychologically affect astronauts.”描述实验目的是为火星任务
提供依据可知，所以这里指结果会影响决策，influence 符合语境。故选C 项。
题型二、议论文
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
275
词
克服弱点、
突破局限
议论
文
名词 / 动词辨析、语
境逻辑、态度词、励志
主题
人与自我、成长励志，价值观导向，高频
议论文完形
We all have weaknesses and strengths — no matter who we are. Sometimes the weaknesses seem to
outweigh the strengths and sometimes it’s the other way around. Some people get sick easily. Some struggle to
76 their finances properly. Some people are 77 communicators and struggle with relationships.
Many people accept it as just bad 78 — but not everyone. Some people facing huge 79
still manage to achieve surprising things. They 80 above their weaknesses and do not allow them to limit
their possibilities.
I attended a school prize-giving ceremony not so long ago and the guest 81 was Andrew Becroft,
who had a severe stutter (口吃) as a child. Instead of allowing this to limit him, he chose to work hard to 82
it. He is now the Principal Youth Court Judge for New Zealand. Not only did he become successful, but he did so in
a(n) 83 where he had to speak in front of others regularly — where his 84 is front and center
for all to see. If he hadn’t 85 his speaking ability, it would have been very limiting to his life and career
86 .
Here are some more 87 : Brett Eastburn has no arms or legs and yet is an inspirational speaker and
also a very good wrestler. Ringo Starr, drummer for the Beatles, 88 a very poor background. He was
constantly troubled by illness as a child and spent large amounts of time in hospital. Mark Inglis 89 both
of his legs below the knees in a mountaineering accident, but has since climbed Mt Everest.
Most of us will never have to face the challenges these people faced. Yet most of us will never achieve 90
that these people have had either, unless we choose to. If Mark Inglis can climb the highest mountain in the world
without legs, what can we do?
76．A．manage
B．obtain
C．share
D．divide
77．A．ridiculous
B．forgetful
C．useless
D．hopeless
78．A．impression
B．character
C．quality
D．fortune
79．A．criticism
B．pressure
C．limitations
D．losses
80．A．rise
B．behave
C．operate
D．escape
81．A．winner
B．speaker
C．organizer
D．scholar
82．A．avoid
B．treat
C．forget
D．overcome
83．A．atmosphere
B．profession
C．situation
D．institute
84．A．weakness
B．symptom
C．strength
D．impatience
85．A．put forward
B．taken up
C．made out
D．worked on
86．A．records
B．aspects
C．prospects
D．spirits
87．A．examples
B．incidents
C．disabilities
D．possibilities
88．A．resulted from
B．came from
C．heard from
D．suffered from
89．A．lost
B．injured
C．destroyed
D．broke
90．A．to the point
B．in the least
C．to the degree
D．on the whole
【答案】
76．A 77．D 78．D 79．C 80．A 81．B 82．D 83．B 84．A 85．D
86．C 87．A 88．B 89．A 90．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述每个人都有优缺点，而真正的强者能克服自身弱点、突破局限，并
用多个励志人物的事例佐证这一观点。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人很难妥善打理自己的财务状况。A. manage 管理、打理；B. obtain 获
得；C. share 分享；D. divide 划分。根据后文“their finances properly”可知，此处指合理管理个人财务，
“manage finances”为常用搭配。故选A 项。
77．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人不擅长与人交流，在人际关系上屡屡受挫。A. ridiculous 荒谬的；
B. forgetful 健忘的；C. useless 无用的；D. hopeless 糟糕的、无望的。根据后文“struggle with relationships”
可知，这类人在人际交往方面能力欠缺，“hopeless communicators”表示“不擅长沟通的人”。故选D 项。
78．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多人将这些问题归咎于运气不好，但并非所有人都会这样。A.
impression 印象；B. character 性格；C. quality 品质；D. fortune 运气。根据常识可知，很多人将自身短板归
因于运气的原因。故选D 项。
79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人即便面临重重局限，依然能取得令人惊叹的成就。A. criticism 批评；
B. pressure 压力；C. limitations 局限；D. losses 损失。根据前文提到的各类弱点，以及后文“achieve
surprising things”的转折可知，此处指自身条件的局限。故选C 项。
80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们超越自身弱点，不让这些弱点限制自己的发展可能。A. rise 上升、超
越；B. behave 表现；C. operate 运转；D. escape 逃离。根据后文“do not allow them to limit their
possibilities.”可知，强者能超越自身弱点。故选A 项。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久前我参加了一场学校颁奖典礼，特邀嘉宾发言人是安德鲁·贝克洛夫特，
他小时候患有严重的口吃。A. winner 获胜者；B. speaker 发言人；C. organizer 组织者；D. scholar 学者。根
据前文“a school prize-giving ceremony”以及嘉宾的身份可知，安德鲁是典礼上的发言人。故选B 项。
82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有让口吃限制自己，而是选择努力克服这个障碍。A. avoid 避免；B.
treat 治疗；C. forget 忘记；D. overcome 克服。根据前文“Instead of allowing this to limit him”可知，他主动
应对自身弱点，努力克服口吃问题。故选D 项。
83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不但取得了成功，而且是在一份需要经常当众发言的职业中取得了成功
——这份职业中，他的弱点暴露在所有人眼前。A. atmosphere 氛围；B. profession 职业；C. situation 处境；
D. institute 机构。根据前文“the Principal Youth Court Judge for New Zealand”可知，这是他从事的一份职业。
故选B 项。
84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不但取得了成功，而且是在一份需要经常当众发言的职业中取得了成功
——这份职业中，他的弱点暴露在所有人眼前。A. weakness 弱点；B. symptom 症状；C. strength 优势；D.
impatience 不耐烦。根据前文“had a severe stutter as a child”可知，口吃是他的弱点，而法官职业需要频繁
发言，会将这个弱点显露出来。故选A 项。
85．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果他没有锤炼自己的语言表达能力，他的人生和职业前景将会受到极大
的限制。A. put forward 提出；B. taken up 占据；C. made out 辨认出；D. worked on 致力于、锤炼。根据后
文“it would have been very limiting to his life”的假设可知，正是因为他努力打磨自己的说话能力，才突破
了局限。故选D 项。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他没有锤炼自己的语言表达能力，他的人生和职业前景将会受到极大
的限制。A. records 记录；B. aspects 方面；C. prospects 前景；D. spirits 精神。根据前文他成为首席青年法
庭法官的成功经历可知，打磨语言能力对他的职业未来发展至关重要。故选C 项。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里还有更多例子。A. examples 例子；B. incidents 事件；C. disabilities 残
疾；D. possibilities 可能性。根据后文列举的Brett Eastburn、Ringo Starr 和Mark Inglis 的事例可知，此处是
引出更多佐证观点的例子。故选A 项。
88．考查动词短语辨析。句意：披头士乐队的鼓手林戈·斯塔尔出身贫寒。A. resulted from 由……导致；B.
came from 来自；C. heard from 收到……来信；D. suffered from 遭受。根据后文“a very poor background”可
知，此处指他的出身背景。故选B 项。
89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：马克·英格利斯在一次登山事故中失去了膝盖以下的双腿，但后来他登上了
珠穆朗玛峰。A. lost 失去；B. injured 受伤；C. destroyed 摧毁；D. broke 打破。根据后文“both of his legs
below the knees”以及“without legs”的描述可知，他在事故中失去了双腿。故选A 项。
90．考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，我们大多数人永远也达不到这些人所取得的成就高度。A. to the
point 切中要害；B. in the least 丝毫；C. to the degree 到……程度；D. on the whole 总的来说。根据前文
“Most of us will never have to face the challenges these people faced”的对比可知，普通人既不会经历他们那
样的困境，也难以取得他们那样高度的成就。故选C 项。
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
290
词
高中哲学社
团思辨成长
议论
文
名词 / 形容词辨析、
情感逻辑、语境呼应、
哲思词汇
人与自我、思维成长，思辨类完形，高考
新趋势
The philosophy club at our high school was an island of quiet conversation in a sea of athletic enthusiasm
and frenetic artistic preparation. I joined, not out of any deep Socratic calling, but because it met in a warm room
during the last period on Thursdays, and I had nowhere more compelling to be. Mr. Davies, our advisor, spoke with
a calm that seemed to absorb the surrounding noise. He never told us what to think, but persistently, gently, guided
us in how to think.
One week, he presented a classic dilemma: a runaway trolley is headed for five people tied to a track. You
can pull a lever, diverting it onto a side track where it will kill one person. Do you pull it? The room fractured. “It’s
simple math-save five!” argued one side. “But you’re making yourself an active agent in killing the one!” countered
another, their voice thick with 91 . I sat, my own opinion a ship adrift, 92 by each new
argument. Then Mr. Davies refined the scenario: “What if the single person on the side track is a child?” The ethical
calculus, once seemingly clear, dissolved into a 93 of gut feeling and tortured logic. I left that day
mentally drained, yet feeling a strange, electric 94 I hadn’t experienced in any other class. The questions
had no answers, and that, I was starting to see, was precisely the 95 .
Week after week, we wrestled with the nature of justice, the illusion of free will, the problem of other minds.
I began to perceive the world through a new 96 . A headline wasn’t just news; it was a nest of
unexamined premises. A disagreement with my father wasn’t just a clash of wills; it was a conflict of foundational
97 . I learned to deconstruct my own assumptions, to build logical 98 that could withstand scrutiny,
and, most painfully, to truly listen to perspectives that my instincts screamed to reject.
This newfound habit of interrogation didn’t make me popular. At lunch, my tendency to respond to a friend’s
strong opinion with “What leads you to that 99 ?” could be met with eye rolls. My social currency, once
based on easy agreement, 100 . Yet, in its place, I found a different, sturdier 101 : a
confidence born not of knowing the right answers, but of being able to 102 the right questions. I was no
longer a passive vessel for information; I was an active, if confused, participant in a much larger conversation.
On the final day, Mr. Davies gave each of us a smooth, river-worn stone. “Philosophy rarely provides 103
,” he said. “Its gift is the unsettled mind, the good question that 104 complacency. Keep this. Let it
remind you to stay 105 .” I keep that stone on my desk. In a cacophonous world of instant takes and
performative certainty, it is a quiet monument to doubt, to the weight of a thoughtful pause, and to the slow,
enduring work of building a mind that can think for itself.
91．A．anger
B．conviction
C．hesitation
D．humor
92．A．anchored
B．lifted
C．swayed
D．confirmed
93．A．solution
B．debate
C．fog
D．principle
94．A．fatigue
B．clarity
C．alienation
D．vitality
95．A．point
B．answer
C．problem
D．lesson
96．A．window
B．lens
C．mirror
D．filter
97．A．facts
B．values
C．personalities
D．experiences
98．A．bridges
B．walls
C．arguments
D．models
99．A．conclusion
B．feeling
C．fact
D．story
100．A．accumulated B．stabilized
C．plummeted
D．transformed
101．A．foundation
B．doubt
C．curiosity
D．tool
102．A．answer
B．avoid
C．frame
D．memorize
103．A．stones
B．questions
C．comforts
D．truths
104．A．accepts
B．seeks
C．disrupts
D．confirms
105．A．certain
B．silent
C．humble
D．questioning
【答案】
91．B 92．C 93．C 94．D 95．A 96．B 97．B 98．C 99．A 100．C
101．A 102．C 103．D 104．C 105．D
【导语】文章讲述了作者讲述自己加入高中哲学社团后的成长经历，通过探讨电车难题等伦理思辨问题，
逐渐学会独立思考、理性辩证看待事物，摒弃盲从跟风，懂得敢于质疑、深究本质，最终收获独立思辨的
思想力量，领悟哲学教会人思索而非灌输标准答案的真谛。
【详解】91．考查名词。句意：另一派立刻反驳：“可你主动出手，就成了夺走他人性命的推手！”说话
时语气满是笃定。A. anger 愤怒；B. conviction 坚定信念，笃定；C. hesitation 犹豫；D. humor 幽默。根据
上文““It’s simple math-save five!” argued one side. “But you’re making yourself an active agent in killing the
one!” countered another”可知，争辩时人们秉持自己的看法，语气充满笃定。
92．考查动词。句意：我静坐一旁，内心摇摆不定，各路观点轮番动摇我的想法。A. anchored 扎根，稳固；
B. lifted 提升；C. swayed 动摇；D. confirmed 确认。根据上文“my own opinion a ship adrift”可知，作者内心
没有固定立场，极易被他人观点影响动摇。
93．考查名词。句意：原本看似清晰的伦理权衡，瞬间沦为本能直觉与纠结思辨交织的迷茫思绪。A.
solution 解决方案；B. debate 辩论；C. fog 迷雾，迷茫；D. principle 原则。根据上文“once seemingly clear”
可知，条件改变后思路变得混乱迷茫，如同陷入迷雾。
94．考查名词。句意：那天离开教室时，我身心俱疲，却生出一种在其他课堂从未体会过的、鲜活充沛的
精神力量。A. fatigue 疲劳；B. clarity 清晰；C. alienation 疏离；D. vitality 活力。根据上文“mentally
drained”和yet 表示转折可知，空处与精神疲惫形成对立，虽身心劳累，却收获独特的精神活力。
95．考查名词。句意：这些问题本就没有标准答案，而我也渐渐明白，这恰恰就是哲学的意义所在。A.
point 要点，意义所在；B. answer 答案；C. problem 问题；D. lesson 教训。根据下文“The questions had no
answers”可知，无标准答案正是哲学思辨的核心意义。
96．考查名词。句意：我开始用全新的视角审视世间万物。A. window 窗户；B. lens 镜头，视角；C. mirror
镜子；D. filter 过滤器。根据下文“A headline wasn’t just news; it was a nest of unexamined premises. A
disagreement with my father wasn’t just a clash of wills; it was a conflict of foundational ________.”可知，作者
用全新视角审视万物。
97．考查名词。句意：我和父亲的争执，也不再只是单纯的意见不合，而是彼此底层价值观的碰撞。A.
facts 事实；B. values 价值观；C. personalities 性格；D. experiences 经历。根据上文“foundational”可知，作
者和父亲的分歧不再只是意气之争，而是底层价值观的冲突。
98．考查名词。句意：我学着摒弃自身固化思维，构建经得起推敲的逻辑论点，更学着强忍内心排斥，真
心接纳那些本能抗拒的不同看法。A. bridges 桥；B. walls 壁垒；C. arguments 论证；D. models 模型。根据
下文“withstand scrutiny”可知，作者学着搭建合理严谨的逻辑论证观点。
99．考查名词。句意：午餐时，朋友说出笃定想法，我随口一句“你是如何得出这个结论的？”，总会引
来旁人不屑的白眼。A. conclusion 结论；B. feeling 感觉；C. fact 事实；D. story 故事。根据上文“a friend’s
strong opinion”可知，作者针对他人最终观点追问结论。
100．考查动词。句意：往日靠随和附和维系的人缘一落千丈。A. accumulated 积累；B. stabilized 稳定；C.
plummeted 骤降；D. transformed 转变。根据上文“didn’t make me popular”和“eye rolls”可知，作者社交地
位下降。
101．考查名词。句意：但与此同时，我收获了另一种更为坚实的内心底气：这份底气并非源于通晓所有
正确答案，而是懂得提出有价值的深刻问题。A. foundation 根基，底气；B. doubt 怀疑；C. curiosity 好奇；
D. tool 工具。根据上文“sturdier”可知，作者收获牢固可靠的思想精神根基。
102．考查动词。句意同上。A. answer 回答；B. avoid 避免；C. frame 提出，构建；D. memorize 记忆。根
据下文“I was no longer a passive vessel for information; I was an active, if confused, participant in a much larger
conversation.”可知，哲学的价值在于提出正确的问题而非被动接受知识。
103．考查名词。句意：他说道：“哲学几乎无法给予世人绝对的真理。”A. stones 石头；B. questions 问
题；C. comforts 安慰；D. truths 真理。根据下文“Its gift is the good question”可知，哲学的馈赠是思考与问
题，不提供绝对标准答案与终极真理。
104．考查动词。句意：它真正的馈赠，是让人常怀思索之心，用深刻的问题打破安于现状的懈怠。A.
accepts 接受；B. seeks 寻求；C. disrupts 打破，扰乱；D. confirms 确认。根据下文“complacency”可知，作
者认为应该思辨问题打破安逸懈怠的状态。
105．考查形容词。句意：让它时刻提醒自己永葆思辨之心。A. certain 确定的；B. silent 沉默的；C. humble
谦虚的；D. questioning 质疑的。全文围绕哲学教人质疑思考展开，因此此处指坚守思辨、常怀质疑之心。
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
260
词
室内穿鞋习
惯讨论
议论
文
动词 / 形容词辨析、
习语、语境逻辑、生活
话题
生活热点、健康观念，贴近日常，词义辨
析为主
My brother is a determined shoes-off-er. I visited him recently and, within a couple of minutes, he 106
at my feet in horror. “What are those?” he asked. “These?” I replied, pointing to my trainers. “I bought them only
—.” “No!” he 107 , his face red. “What are they doing in my house?”
This is the best way to 108 people. There are those who hate the thought of rubber on carpet, who
lie awake 109 because wearing outdoors shoes indoors breaks the natural order of things. Then there are
normal people like me, who really don’t care because they understand the 110 of doormats.
However, shoes-off-ers might be on to something. A recent study conducted by researchers at the University
of Houston has shown that 26.4% of shoes 111 the bacteria of Clostridium difficile. Work on a 112
? A 2014 study concluded that considering the herds you raise your boots are almost certainly covered in E. coli.
They are definitely 113 guests to your living rooms.
But I’m going to 114 myself. Sure, it might be more hygienic (卫生的) to remove your shoes at
the door, but only to a small extent. By all accounts, there is a 115 chance you will get ill when someone
is wearing shoes in your living room. And if you have got young kids, who rush in and out of the house without
116 at the first sign of the sun, it’s much more practical to keep your shoes on. Not to mention 117 :
Fewer things inspire more pity than the sight of adults 118 bending themselves into knots as they attempt
to do up their shoelaces in a narrow hallway at the 119 of a night.
True, the answer to both of these problems is slippers. But given the choice of slippers or E. coli, I’ll 120
the latter every time.
106．A．shot
B．gestured
C．pulled
D．leapt
107．A．protested
B．murmured
C．laughed
D．sighed
108．A．bully
B．relieve
C．split
D．understand
109．A．singing
B．reflecting
C．chewing
D．panicking
110．A．point
B．category
C．price
D．condition
111．A．eliminate
B．challenge
C．carry
D．change
112．A．roof
B．farm
C．ship
D．playground
113．A．decent
B．charming
C．selfish
D．unwelcome
114．A．put up with
B．look out for
C．get along with
D．stand up for
115．A．fat
B．good
C．high
D．real
116．A．company
B．enthusiasm
C．warning
D．collaboration
117．A．dignity
B．exhaustion
C．complexity
D．politeness
118．A．gracefully
B．painfully
C．voluntarily
D．creatively
119．A．start
B．end
C．height
D．cost
120．A．refuse
B．avoid
C．upgrade
D．take
【答案】
106．B 107．A 108．C 109．D 110．A 111．C 112．B 113．D 114．D
115．A 116．C 117．A 118．B 119．B 120．D
【导语】本文主要讨论了关于是否应该在室内脱鞋的问题。作者通过描述自己与坚持脱鞋的弟弟的互动，
引出了不同人对室内穿鞋的看法，并探讨了科学研究对室内穿鞋可能带来的卫生问题的观点，最终作者表
达了自己对室内穿鞋的立场。
106．考查动词。句意：我最近去拜访他，没过几分钟，他就惊恐地对着我的脚示意。A.shot 射击；
B.gestured 示意、做手势；C.pulled 拉；D.leapt 跳跃。根据后文“his face red. ‘What are they doing in my
house?’”弟弟质问鞋子的内容可知，他用手势指向作者的鞋子，gestured 符合语境。
107．考查动词。句意：“不！”他抗议道，脸红了。A. protested 抗议；B. murmured 低语；C. laughed 笑；
D. sighed 叹气。根据后文“his face red. ‘What are they doing in my house?’”可知，弟弟对作者在室内穿鞋表
示抗议，脸都红了。
108．考查动词。句意：这是区分人的最好方法。A. bully 欺负；B. relieve 缓解；C. split 区分；D.
understand 理解。根据后文“There are those who hate the thought of rubber on carpet, who lie awake ____
because wearing outdoors shoes indoors breaks the natural order of things.”可知，此处指通过是否在室内脱鞋来
区分人。
109．考查动词。句意：有些人讨厌地毯上有橡胶，他们因为室内穿户外鞋打破了事物的自然秩序而惊慌
失措地睡不着觉。A. singing 唱歌；B. reflecting 反思；C. chewing 咀嚼；D. panicking 惊慌。根据上文“who
lie awake”以及后文“because wearing outdoors shoes indoors breaks the natural order of things”可知，有些人因
为室内穿户外鞋打破了事物的自然秩序而惊慌失措地睡不着觉。
110．考查名词。句意：还有一些像我这样的正常人，他们真的不在乎，因为他们明白门垫的作用。A.
point 要点，意义；B. category 类别；C. price 价格；D. condition 条件。根据上文“who really don’t care
because they understand the”以及后文“of doormats”可知，门垫的“用途/意义”就是用来蹭掉鞋底灰尘的，
所以“我们”认为没必要非脱鞋不可。understand the point of sth. 意为“理解某物的意义/用途”。
111．考查动词。句意：休斯顿大学的研究人员最近进行的一项研究表明，26.4%的鞋子携带艰难梭菌的细
菌。A. eliminate 消除；B. challenge 挑战；C. carry 携带；D. change 改变。根据后文“the bacteria of
Clostridium difficile”可知，此处指鞋子携带艰难梭菌的细菌。
112．考查名词。句意：在农场工作？A. roof 屋顶；B. farm 农场；C. ship 船；D. playground 操场。根据后
文“considering the herds you raise your boots are almost certainly covered in E. coli”可知，此处指在农场工作，
因为农场有牲畜，所以靴子上很可能覆盖着大肠杆菌。
113．考查形容词。句意：它们绝对是客厅中不受欢迎的来客。A. decent 得体的；B. charming 迷人的；C.
selfish 自私的；D. unwelcome 不受欢迎的。根据上文“are almost certainly covered in E. coli”可知，靴子上
覆盖着大肠杆菌，所以是不受欢迎的客人。
114．考查动词短语。句意：但我要为自己辩护。A. put up with 忍受；B. look out for 留意；C. get along with
与……相处；D. stand up for 支持，为……辩护。根据后文“Sure, it might be more hygienic (卫生的) to
remove your shoes at the door, but only to a small extent.”可知，作者认为在门口脱鞋可能更卫生，但只是在很
小程度上，所以此处指作者要为自己在室内穿鞋的行为辩护。
115．考查形容词。句意：人人都说，当有人在你的客厅里穿着鞋时，你生病的可能性很小。A. fat 肥胖的；
（几率）微小的；B. good 好的；C. high 高的；D. real 真实的。根据后文“chance you will get ill when
someone is wearing shoes in your living room”以及“it’s much more practical to keep your shoes on”可知，作者
认为在客厅穿鞋生病的可能性很小，所以更实际的是继续穿鞋。a fat chance 是固定习语，意为“机会很
小”。
116．考查名词。句意：如果你有小孩，他们一看到太阳出来就冲进冲出房子，连个招呼都不打，那么穿
着鞋要实用得多。A.company 陪伴；B.enthusiasm 热情；C.warning 预兆、预告；D.collaboration 合作。
根据上文“who rush in and out of the house without”以及后文“at the first sign of the sun”可知，孩子活泼好动，
此处应指他们进出频繁，甚至不“提前说一声/提醒一下”。without warning 意为“没有预先通知/突然地”，
贴合孩子随性跑动的特点。
117．考查名词。句意：更不用说体面问题了：没有什么比看到成年人在夜晚结束之时在狭窄的走廊里痛
苦地弯腰系鞋带更让人同情的了。A. dignity 体面、尊严；B. exhaustion 疲惫；C. complexity 复杂性；D.
politeness 礼貌。根据后文“Fewer things inspire more pity than the sight of adults ____ bending themselves into
knots as they attempt to do up their shoelaces in a narrow hallway at the ____ of a night.”可知，此处指成年人在
晚上狭窄的走廊里弯腰系鞋带是失去体面的表现。
118．考查副词。句意：更不用说体面问题了：没有什么比看到成年人在夜晚结束之时在狭窄的走廊里痛
苦地弯腰系鞋带更让人同情的了。A. gracefully 优雅地；B. painfully 痛苦地；C. voluntarily 自愿地；D.
creatively 有创造力地。根据上文“Fewer things inspire more pity than the sight of adults”以及后文“bending
themselves into knots as they attempt to do up their shoelaces”可知，此处指成年人在晚上狭窄的走廊里痛苦地
弯腰系鞋带。
119．考查名词。句意：更不用说体面问题了：没有什么比看到成年人在夜晚结束之时在狭窄的走廊里痛
苦地弯腰系鞋带更让人同情的了。A. start 开始；B. end 结束；C. height 高度；D. cost 成本。根据上文“at
the”以及后文“of a night”可知，此处指在晚上结束的时候，at the end of a night 表示“夜晚结束、深夜”。
120．考查动词。句意：但是，如果在拖鞋和大肠杆菌之间做出选择，我每次都会选择后者。A. refuse 拒绝；
B. avoid 避免；C. upgrade 升级；D. take 选择，拿。根据上文“But given the choice of slippers or E. coli”以及
后文“the latter every time”以及全文作者的观点可知，此处指在拖鞋和大肠杆菌之间做出选择，作者幽默
地表示每次都会选择后者，即继续穿鞋。
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
285
词
数据与直觉
的选择
议论
文
名词 / 动词辨析、逻
辑连接、态度词、观点
类
理性思维、科技生活，思辨导向，高频议
论文完形
Who, or what, do you trust?
Every day, we turn to the internet to 121 : should we stay at that hotel, eat at this restaurant, ride
with that driver? We have become so used to the large-scale insights provided by 122 , many of us
wouldn’t even buy a toaster without first checking reviews. Their accessibility and apparent authority mean that
simply picking an appliance at random is almost 123 — why wouldn’t you ask Google first? And yet,
when it comes to many more fundamental choices — like what we choose to study — we often trust our instincts.
This, argues economist Seth Davidowitz, is where we are going wrong. 124 , following our instincts can
lead us to act on hidden prejudices or to keep following dead-end paths.
In his new book Don’t Trust Your Gut: Using data instead of instinct to make better choices, Seth
Davidowitz brings together “credible answers to 125 questions” as revealed by vast online data, so we
can apply them in order to be more successful and happier. “While we often think we know how to better ourselves,
the numbers, it turns out, 126 ,” he writes.
Some findings are indeed 127 , going against common belief — for example, the overstated
advantage of youth in starting a business. Others, however, may be more 128 expectations: we often
overestimate the pleasure of passive activities such as snacking and watching TV. Research by the London School
of Economics found that even relaxing tends to make people feel less 129 than anticipated. On the other
hand, we underestimate the 130 to our mood from visiting museums or libraries.
From work to relationships, Seth Davidowitz looks to the data for 131 on key decisions and,
where possible, tries it out for himself. In his book he writes that he used AI, market research and statistical analysis
— putting more than 100 edited images of himself into an online survey — to find out that people generally prefer
him with glasses and a beard. Though entertaining, his book is most 132 when it challenges popular
assumptions and demonstrates what works best for most people, so that all of us might learn from their example.
But his somewhat idealist view of data may create a 133 with a world already transformed by it.
134 may not lie, as Seth Davidowitz writes — but nor do they reveal the complete, complex picture, especially
when they are controlled by corporate interests. When our 135 is already being shaped by data in ways of
which we aren’t aware, perhaps success isn’t always a matter of making the right decision.
121．A．make decisions
B．express opinions
C．gain knowledge D．achieve success
122．A．experience
B．freedom
C．technology
D．power
123．A．rewarding
B．exhausting
C．effortless
D．unthinkable
124．A．By contrast
B．After all
C．Even so
D．In short
125．A．important
B．obvious
C．factual
D．uncomfortable
126．A．remain
B．disagree
C．approve
D．vary
127．A．misleading
B．original
C．surprising
D．experimental
128．A．dependent on B．beneficial to
C．consistent with
D．strict about
129．A．attentive
B．confused
C．confident
D．happy
130．A．boost
B．cost
C．risk
D．boredom
131．A．convenience B．guidance
C．diversity
D．precision
132．A．recreational
B．complicated
C．popular
D．practical
133．A．conflict
B．conversation
C．balance
D．relationship
134．A．Books
B．Resources
C．Numbers
D．Instincts
135．A．identity
B．behaviour
C．status
D．reputation
【答案】
121．A 122．C 123．D 124．B 125．A 126．B 127．C 128．C 129．D
130．A 131．B 132．D 133．A 134．C 135．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨数据优于直觉，理性抉择并反思数据局限性。
121．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天，我们都会求助于互联网来做决定：我们应该住在那家酒店、在这
家餐厅吃饭、乘坐那位司机的车吗？A. make decisions 做决定；B. express opinions 表达意见；C. gain
knowledge 获得知识；D. achieve success 取得成功。根据下文“should we stay at that hotel, eat at this
restaurant, ride with that driver?”可知，后文列举的住宿、就餐、出行选择均属于日常决策，说明我们上网是
为求助于互联网来做决定。故选A。
122．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经如此习惯科技提供的大规模参考信息，很多人就连买一个烤面
包机都要先查看评论。A. experience 经验；B. freedom 自由；C. technology 科技；D. power 力量。根据上文
“We have become so used to the large-scale insights provided by”以及常识可知，互联网属于科技，此处指我
们已经习惯于科技所提供的见解。故选C。
123．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们的可及性和明显的权威性意味着，随便挑选一件电器几乎是不可
想象的——你为什么不先问问谷歌呢？A. rewarding 值得的；B. exhausting 令人疲惫的；C. effortless 不费力
的；D. unthinkable 不可想象的。根据上文“Their accessibility and apparent authority mean that simply picking
an appliance at random is almost”可知，人们习惯查网络参考，网络有可及性和明显的权威性，因此盲目选
购家电是人们不会考虑、无法想象的事。故选D。
124．考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，跟随我们的直觉会导致我们按照隐藏的偏见行事，或者继续走死
胡同。A. By contrast 相比之下；B. After all 毕竟；C. Even so 即便如此；D. In short 简言之。根据下文
“following our instincts can lead us to act on hidden prejudices or to keep following dead-end paths”可知，此处
是在解释为什么我们不应该仅仅依靠直觉来做决定，after all 表示“毕竟”，用于引出解释或理由。故选
B。
125．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在新作《别信直觉：用数据而非本能做出更好的选择》一书中，塞
思
达维多维茨整合了海量网络大数据所揭示的、各类重要人生问题的可靠答案，以便我们借鉴运用，从
・
而收获更大的成功与幸福感。A. important 重要的；B. obvious 明显的；C. factual 事实的；D. uncomfortable
令人不适的。根据后文“From work to relationships, Seth Davidowitz looks to the data for ______ on key
decisions”可知，这本书提及工作、人 际关系等，都是人生关键重要的问题。故选A。
126．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“虽然我们常常认为自己知道如何提升自己，但事实证明，数字并不认
同，”他写道。A. remain 保持；B. disagree 不同意；C. approve 批准；D. vary 变化。根据上文“While we
often think we know how to better ourselves, the numbers, it turns out”可知，句首的“While”引导让步状语从句，
表示转折。从句说“虽然我们常常认为自己知道如何提升自己”，主句则应该表达与之相反的意思，即实
际情况（数字）与我们的想法不一致。故选B。
127．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些发现确实令人惊讶，与普遍看法相悖——例如，年轻人创业的优
势被夸大了。A. misleading 误导的；B. original 原始的；C. surprising 令人惊讶的；D. experimental 实验的。
根据下文“going against common belief”可知，有些发现与普遍看法相悖，因此是令人惊讶的。故选C。
128．考查固定短语辨析。句意：然而，其他一些发现可能更符合人们的预期：我们常常高估了诸如吃零
食和看电视等被动活动的乐趣。A. dependent on 依靠；B. beneficial to 有益于；C. consistent with 符合；D.
strict about 严格。根据下文“we often overestimate the pleasure of passive activities such as snacking and
watching TV”可知，前文发现违背常识，此处转折，表示另一部分和预期相符，我们常常高估了吃零食和
看电视等被动活动的乐趣，这是符合人们预期的。故选C。
129．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伦敦经济学院的研究发现，即使是放松也往往让人感觉不如预期的快
乐。A. attentive 专注的；B. confused 困惑的；C. confident 自信的；D. happy 快乐的。根据上文“Research
by the London School of Economics found that even relaxing tends to make people feel less ”可知，前文提到高
估被动活动的愉悦感，此处对应放松的实际幸福感、快乐感更低。故选D。
130．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，我们低估了参观博物馆或图书馆对我们情绪的提升作用。A.
boost 提升；B. cost 成本；C. risk 风险；D. boredom 无聊。根据上文“On the other hand, we underestimate
the”以及下文“from visiting museums or libraries”可知，前文被动活动幸福感偏低，对比可知文化活动能改
善、提升心情。故选A。
131．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从工作到人际关系，塞思·戴维维茨都从数据中寻求关键决策的指导，并
在可能的情况下亲自尝试。A. convenience 便利；B. guidance 指导；C. diversity 多样性；D. precision 精确。
根据上文“Seth Davidowitz looks to the data for”以及下文“on key decisions”可知，塞思·戴维维茨主张用数
据辅助选择，即数据为决策提供参考指导。故选B。
132．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的书很有趣，但当它挑战流行假设并证明什么对大多数人最有
效时，它才最实用，这样我们所有人都可以从他们的例子中学习。A. recreational 娱乐的；B. complicated 复
杂的；C. popular 流行的；D. practical 实用的。根据下文“when it challenges popular assumptions and
demonstrates what works best for most people, so that all of us might learn from their example”可知，当它挑战流
行假设并展示对大多数人最有效的方法，以便我们所有人都能学习，这解释了这本书的价值所在。这种能
够被人们学习并应用的特性就是“实用性”。故选D。
133．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他对数据有些理想化的看法可能会与一个已经被数据改变的世界产生
冲突。A. conflict 冲突；B. conversation 对话；C. balance 平衡；D. relationship 关系。根据下文“but nor do
they reveal the complete, complex picture, especially when they are controlled by corporate interests”可知，下文
指出数据存在局限性、受企业利益操控，说明塞思·戴维维茨的理想数据观和现实存在矛盾。故选A。
134．考查名词词义辨析。句意：数字可能不会说谎，正如塞思·戴维维茨所写的那样——但它们也没有揭
示出完整、复杂的画面，尤其是当它们被企业利益控制时。A. Books 书籍；B. Resources 资源；C. Numbers
数字；D. Instincts 直觉。根据上文“as Seth Davidowitz writes — but nor do they reveal the complete, complex
picture”以及前文多次提到的“numbers”可知，全文核心围绕数据对比直觉展开，此处指代前文反复提及的
数字，此处指数字可能不会说谎，但也没有揭示出完整、复杂的画面。故选C。
135．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的行为已经在以我们没有意识到的方式被数据塑造时，也许成功
并不总是做出正确决定的问题。A. identity 身份；B. behaviour 行为；C. status 地位；D. reputation 名声。根
据下文“is already being shaped by data in ways of which we aren’t aware”可知，日常生活中依靠数据做各类
选择、被数据影响生活方式，都属于行为层面的塑造，此处指我们的行为已经在以我们没有意识到的方式
被数据塑造。故选B。
词数
话题
体裁
考点
押题理由
约
270
词
自我认知与
他人评价
议论
文
名词 / 动词辨析、心
理语境、逻辑呼应、成
长主题
人与自我、心理健康，贴近青少年成长，
高考热点
Most of us pursue self-respect and positive self-perception (自我认知). Comments that 136 our
self-worth feel uncomfortable, but whether they truly hurt us is 137 subjective, depending on how we
138 others’ words or actions.
Taking things personally means interpreting situations as negative 139 about oneself — a
psychological tendency called “personalisation (个人化归因)”. For example, a boss pointing out 140 in
a report might be misread as thinking you incompetent. Or if your friends cancel a get-together, you might believe
they plan to 141 you. This often pairs with “mind reading”: 142 you know others’ thoughts
without asking directly, like believing your boss finds you useless.
But 143 usually tells a different story: your boss may want to help you improve, and friends might
have canceled because they were unwell. To counter this, 144 negative assumptions by putting yourself
in others’ shoes, which reveals alternative interpretations— such as your boss’s feedback showing care for your
growth, or your friendship being strong enough to allow 145 .
The type of 146 you hold also matters. “Hubristic pride”, feeling naturally outstanding, makes you
more likely to take things personally. However, “authentic pride” — being proud of your efforts, intentions and
147 — will reduces this tendency. Developing authentic pride can 148 you to protect your self-
worth and carry you through 149 . Ultimately, our attitude 150 the foundation of true self-
respect.
136．A．affect
B．damage
C．reflect
D．avoid
137．A．equally
B．slightly
C．rarely
D．highly
138．A．interpret
B．choose
C．accept
D．reject
139．A．curiosity
B．enquiry
C．judgements
D．complaint
140．A．differences
B．facts
C．details
D．flaws
141．A．turn away from
B．put up with
C．stand up for
D．get along with
142．A．denying
B．proving
C．assuming
D．promising
143．A．expectation
B．reality
C．experience
D．imagination
144．A．hold
B．accept
C．challenge
D．prove
145．A．flexibility
B．growth
C．cheat
D．carelessness
146．A．value
B．mood
C．belief
D．pride
147．A．luck
B．achievements
C．appearance
D．gifts
148．A．equip
B．force
C．request
D．remind
149．A．self-image
B．self-control
C．self-awareness
D．self-doubts
150．A．lowers
B．shakes
C．lays
D．simplifies
【答案】
136．B 137．D 138．A 139．C 140．D 141．A 142．C 143．B 144．C
145．A 146．D 147．B 148．A 149．D 150．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了如何正确看待他人评价以维护自尊。
136．考查动词词义辨析。句意：损害我们自我价值的评论让人感到不舒服，但它们是否真的伤害了我们，
在很大程度上是主观的，这取决于我们如何解读他人的言语或行为。A. affect 影响；B. damage 损害；C.
reflect 反映；D. avoid 避免。根据后文“our self-worth feel uncomfortable”可知，评论让人不舒服，说明该评
论损害了自我价值。故选B。
137．考查副词词义辨析。句意：损害我们自我价值的评论让人感到不舒服，但它们是否真的伤害了我们，
在很大程度上是主观的，这取决于我们如何解读他人的言语或行为。A. equally 同样地；B. slightly 稍微；
C. rarely 很少；D. highly 高度地。根据后文“subjective, depending on how we ____3____ others’ words or
actions”可知，此处指伤害在很大程度上是主观的。故选D。
138．考查动词词义辨析。句意：影响我们自我价值的评论会让人不舒服，但它们是否真的伤害了我们，
在很大程度上是主观的，这取决于我们如何解读他人的言语或行为。A. interpret 解读；B. choose 选择；C.
accept 接受；D. reject 拒绝。根据前文“whether they truly hurt us is ____2____ subjective”可知，伤害在很
大程度上是主观的，所以它取决于如何去解读他人的言语或行为。故选A。
139．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把事情往自己身上揽意味着把情况解读为对自己的负面评价——这是一
种被称为“个人化归因”的心理倾向。A. curiosity 好奇心；B. enquiry 询问；C. judgements 评价；D.
complaint 抱怨。根据“negative”可知，此处指负面评价，negative judgements“负面评价”。故选C。
140．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，老板指出报告中的缺陷可能会被误解为认为你能力不足。A.
differences 差异；B. facts 事实；C. details 细节；D. flaws 缺陷。根据前文“Taking things personally means
interpreting situations as negative ____4____ about oneself”可知，把事情往自己身上揽意味着把情况解读为
对自己的负面评价，所以此处是指出报告中的缺陷。故选D。
141．考查动词短语辨析。句意：或者，如果你的朋友取消了一次聚会，你可能会认为他们打算疏远你。
A. turn away from 疏远；B. put up with 忍受；C. stand up for 支持；D. get along with 与……相处。根据前文
“friends cancel a get-together”可知，朋友取消聚会，所以你认为朋友打算疏远自己。故选A。
142．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这通常与“读心术”同时出现：假设你不用直接问就知道别人的想法，
比如认为你的老板觉得你没用。A. denying 否认；B. proving 证明；C. assuming 假设；D. promising 承诺。
根据后文“you know others’ thoughts without asking directly”可知，此处指假设不用直接问就知道别人的想
法。故选C。
143．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现实通常讲述的是不同的故事：你的老板可能想帮助你提高，朋友们
取消聚会可能是因为他们身体不舒服。A. expectation 期望；B. reality 现实；C. experience 经验；D.
imagination 想象。根据后文“your boss may want to help you improve, and friends might have canceled because
they were unwell”可知，“老板可能想帮助你提高，朋友们取消聚会可能是因为他们身体不舒服”是和我们
主观想法不一样的事实。故选B。
144．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了应对这一点，通过换位思考来挑战负面假设，这会揭示出不同的解
释——比如老板的反馈表明他关心你的成长，或者你们的友谊足够牢固，可以允许灵活性。A. hold 持有；
B. accept 接受；C. challenge 挑战；D. prove 证明。根据后文“negative assumptions”和“by putting yourself
in others’ shoes”可知，通过换位思考来挑战那些负面的假设。故选C。
145．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了应对这一点，通过设身处地为他人着想来挑战负面假设，这会揭示
出不同的解释——比如老板的反馈表明他关心你的成长，或者你们的友谊足够牢固，可以允许灵活性。A.
flexibility 灵活性；B. growth 成长；C. cheat 欺骗；D. carelessness 粗心。根据前文“your friendship being
strong enough”可知，友谊足够牢固，就可以允许灵活性。故选A。
146．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你所持有的骄傲类型也很重要。A. value 价值；B. mood 情绪；C. belief 信
念；D. pride 骄傲。根据后文“Hubristic pride”和“authentic pride”可知，下文出现两者骄傲的类型，所以此
处指骄傲类型。故选D。
147．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“真正的骄傲”——为自己的努力、意图和成就感到骄傲——会减少这
种倾向。A. luck 运气；B. achievements 成就；C. appearance 外貌；D. gifts 礼物。根据前文“being proud of
your efforts, intentions”可知，此处指为自己的努力、意图和成就感到骄傲。故选B。
148．考查动词词义辨析。句意：培养真正的骄傲可以让你保护自己的自我价值，并帮助你度过自我怀疑
的时刻。A. equip 装备；B. force 强迫；C. request 请求；D. remind 提醒。根据后文“to protect your self-
worth”可知，此处指培养真正的骄傲可以让你保护自己的自我价值，equip sb. to do sth.表示“使某人能够做
某事”。故选A。
149．考查名词词义辨析。句意：培养真正的骄傲可以让你保护自己的自我价值，并帮助你度过自我怀疑
的时刻。A. self-image 自我形象；B. self-control 自我控制；C. self-awareness 自我意识；D. self-doubts 自我
怀疑。根据前文“Developing authentic pride”和“protect your self-worth”可知，此处指帮助你度过自我怀疑
的时刻。故选D。
150．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，我们的态度奠定了真正自尊的基础。A. lowers 降低；B. shakes 摇
晃；C. lays 奠定；D. simplifies 简化。根据后文“the foundation of true self-respect”可知，此处指我们的态度
奠定了真正自尊的基础，lay the foundation 表示“奠定基础”。故选C。
