一模前专题练03 阅读四选一之议论文、新闻报道&书评
议论文
【体裁特点】
议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事情进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张
的一种文体。这类文章或从正面提出某种见解，或是驳斥别人的错误观点，以说服读者同意自己的观点为
主要目的。议论文一般有论点、论据和论证三个要素。论点是议论文的核心，是文章要表达的主要思想内
容；论据是作者所引用的用以证明和支持论点的材料，这些材料可以是名人名言、事实例证，或是统计数
据等，只要是对证明论点有利的材料都可以为作者所用；确定了论点和论据材料后，作者还需要将这些论
据合理地组织在一起，也就是通常所说的论证。
【考情概览】
议论文，有论点，有事实。作者往往根据一些很普通的事实，通过严谨的思维，缜密的推理得出一
个具有普遍性或指导性的观点。该类文章逻辑性强，命题往往从事实的有关细节以及文章的主旨或作者想
表达的意图等方面着手，考查思维能力和判定能力。
议论文常见的设题方式有：主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理判断题(包括对作者观点态度以及篇章结
构的推断)题、词义猜测题等。主旨大意题主要考察读者对议论文全篇思想内容的理解；细节理解题虽然可
以通过直接的查找的方法找出答案，但要注意选项中与文章的细微差别，避免扩大、缩小或误解作者的本
意；推理判断题和作者观点态度题的解答一般是建立在对议论文中心立场的基本把握上，在此基础上推断
出作者的“言外之意”、未言明的思想内涵以及篇章结构。
【解题锦囊】
一、抓论点，找论据
议论文体裁的阅读理解主要考查考生对论点及论据的把握。因此在解题时，考生应该抓主题句的方法
来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章的首段被引出，接着是对这一论点
的逻辑推理和论证，最后得出结论。考生还应该注意的是：作者在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句通
常都是该段的主题句(也可能出现在段落的中间或末尾)。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文
章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。
二、析结构，理脉络
借助下列两个“了解”分析文章结构，以便理清文章脉络。
1.了解篇章结构的组织形式。从段落组织方式上讲，常见的篇章结构有三种：总分式结构(总→分；总
→分→总；分→总)、并列式结构(段落之间是平行关系，并且相对独立)、对照式结构(结构形式上是
一正一反)、递进式结构(几个段落之间属于递进关系)；
2.了解文章的论证方法。从论证方法上讲，常见的议论文结构有以下两类：Put forward a question
→Analyze the question→Solve the question 即“ 提出问题、分析问题、解决问题” 的过程；
Argument/Idea→ Evidence→Conclusion/Restating the idea 即“提出论点、论述论点(论据)、呼应论点
(结论)”的过程。
三、重揣摩，善推理
体会文章语言特点，注重揣摩作者写作态度，善于进行推理判断。能否正确把握作者的观点和态度是
体现阅读能力的重要方面。一般来说，对作者的总的态度和倾向，必须在通读全文，掌握了论点和论据
后，方能做出判断。在判断作者观点态度时，考生应注意，有时候作者的观点和态度并不是明确地表达出
来的，需要我们认真体察。做推理判断时，一定要遵循逻辑规律，以事实为依据进行合理的推理。
【典例】
【2024·全国甲卷D 篇】
“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and
I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by
George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it
beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the
characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a
traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver,
but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.
This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I
wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn’t
guess, I’d pick up a mystery(悬疑小说). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction.
Choosing what to read became easier.
But writing the end — that’s hard. It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers.
You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits
what’s right for the characters.
That’s why this issue(期)of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for
whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try
to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see
what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.
This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be — that’s up to you and the story you’re telling — but it
might provide what you need to get there.
32. Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie?
A. To discuss a novel.
B. To submit a book report.
C. To argue for a writer.
D. To ask for a reading list.
33. What did the author realize after seeing Gracie?
A. Writing is a matter of personal preferences.
B. Readers are often carried away by character.
C. Each type of literature has its unique end.
D. A story which begins well will end well.
34. What is expected of a good ending?
A. It satisfies readers’ taste.
B. It fits with the story development.
C. It is usually positive.
D. It is open for imagination.
35. Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims?
A. To give examples of great novelists.
B. To stress the theme of this issue.
C. To encourage writing for the magazine.
D. To recommend their new books.
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先通过作者与教授关于故事结局的讨论引发了对结局的思考，接着
阐述了不同类型的文学作品结局的特点，最后提出了写作好的结局的重要性并介绍了《Writer’s
Digest》杂志如何帮助作家写出更好的结局。
【文本框架结构简析】
提出问题：第1-2 段通过作者与教授关于故事结局的讨论引发了对结局的思考，重新定义了“好
结
局”的标准，为后续“写结局难”的问题做铺垫；
分析问题：第3-4 段界定创作难题与提供解决方案。(第3 段)提出难题： 明确指出“写结局很
难”
的核心挑战，并定义了理想结局需要满足的条件(出人意料、合乎逻辑、贴合人物)。
(第
4 段)给出方案，紧接着说明本期杂志正是为了应对上述难题而生，并具体介绍了两位
专家提供的技巧分析与范例剖析；
解决问题：第5 段明确杂志的定位与边界。在给出具体方法后，界定杂志的角色是提供“工具”
而非“答案”，最终将决定权交还给作者与故事本身。
32. 细节理解题。根据第一段“‘I didn’t like the ending,’ I said to my favorite college professor. It was my
junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just
finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie,
with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.(“我不喜欢这个结局，”
我对我最喜欢的大学教授说。那是我大三的时候，我正在做一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。我
刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，读到结尾我很伤心。格雷西教授耐心地让我考虑一
下，不要只看我喜不喜欢)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是为了讨论小说，故选A 项。
33. 推理判断题。根据第二段“This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same
way
again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. If I
wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery(悬疑小说). One where I kind of knew what was
going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.( 这对我来说是一个顿悟的时
刻，
我再也没有想过同样的结局。从那时起，如果我想读一个保证幸福的结局，我就会选一部爱情小
说。
如果我想要一个我猜不到的结局，我会选一本神秘小说。一种是我知道会发生什么，历史小说。选
择读什么变得更容易了)”可知，见过格雷西教授后，作者意识到了每种类型的文学都有其独特的结
局，
故选C 项。
34. 推理判断题。根据第三段“But writing the end—that’s hard. It’s hard for writers because endings carry so
much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to
come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.(但是写出结局——那很难。对作家来说
很难，因为结局对读者来说意义重大。你必须平衡创造一个不可预测的结局，但这个结局又不能显
得凭空而来，要适合角色的设定)”可知，人们对一个好结局的期望是结局又不能显得凭空而来，要
适
合角色的设定，也就是符合故事的发展，故选B 项。
35. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“That’s why this issue(期)of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out
how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford
breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims
analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt
them for your work.( 这就是为什么这期《Writer’s Digest》旨在帮助你找出如何为你正在写的任何类
型的作品写出最好的结局。如果是短篇小说，彼得·蒙特福德分解了六种技巧，你可以尝试看看哪
一种能帮助你完美着陆。伊丽莎白·西姆斯分析了五部伟大小说的最后几章，看看它们包含了哪些关
键点，以及你如何将它们应用到你的作品中)”可知，作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊丽莎白·西姆斯是为了
强调这期《Writer’s Digest》的主题，即帮助读者写出更好的结尾，故选B 项。
新闻报道
【体裁特点】
新闻报道是高考英语阅读理解中常见的一种体裁，通常包括消息和通讯两大类。高考命题所选文章
话题广泛，有关于政治经济的时文报道，有社会生活中发生的大小事件，还有个人成长的经历趣闻等等。
所选文章主要采取“〔标题(headline)(有时不给标题)〕——导语(lead)——主体(body)——结尾(end)”的结
构模式。新闻类语篇有以下几个特点：主题明确突出、信息准确客观、语言简洁风趣。实际上，新闻报道
类文章本质上不是以记叙为主的记叙文(明显特征是：夹叙夹议，主要是社会人文类新闻报道)就是以说明
为主的说明文(明显特征是：解释+少许评论，主要是科技新闻报道)。
【考情概览】
高考英语新闻报道类阅读理解题四种题型都有可能考到。“细节理解题”主要考查新闻事件的六要
素；“推理判断题”主要考查对新闻事件的观点或态度以及写作目的推断；“词义猜测题”一是考查对某
一特定词或者短语乃至句子意思的猜测；二是考查代词的指代，猜测代词的指代内容；“主旨大意题”考
查主旨的归纳或概括，包括最佳标题的选择。
【解题锦囊】
快速浏览原文，在(通过新闻独有的语篇特征，如导语、信息源等)确定体裁是新闻报道后，考生需要
做的是：
一、利用导语把握核心
重点阅读导语：导语是新闻的“浓缩精华”，主旨大意往往就在其中；关注高频词和核心概念：全
文反复出现的词汇或概念，通常是核心话题。
二、瞅准关键靶向定位
瞅准题干中的关键词，回归原文，靶向定位。
三、对症下药搞定答案
1. 信息比对搞定答案
将备选项与定位到的原文内容逐字比对。其中一个备选项中的细节表述与原文是否完全一致(包括
数字、范围、程度)的就是正确答案。
2. 层层推理搞定答案
①抓住关键的信息进行推理：善于捕捉文章中的关键词或短语，利用这些信息进行分析、推理和
判
断，从而推断出隐含的深层含义。
②结合语境与常识进行推理：利用文章的语境和已知常识进行逻辑推理，如通过语境的褒贬性来
推
断人物心理、作者意图等。
③甄别观点与事实进行推理：区分观点与事实，明确文章中哪些是作者的观点、态度，哪些是客
观
事实，避免将作者的观点误认为事实。
3. 两个“利用”搞定答案
①利用文章的结构和导语：新闻报道通常有明确的结构，如标题、导语、正文和结语。导语部分
往
往概括了文章的中心内容，是归纳主旨的关键。
②利用关键信息：从文章中提取出Who、What、When、Where、Why、How 等关键信息，然后对
这些信息进行整合，概括出文章的主题。
注：词义猜测题的解题方法与其它体裁的阅读理解题相同。
【典例】
【2023·浙江1 月卷C 篇】
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public
debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa
Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents
and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such
wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond,
professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage
at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the
least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program
specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols
mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work
with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What
matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they
mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the
content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in
society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from
machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates
and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Arguments.
B. Doubts.
C. Errors.
D. Differences.
30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?
A. Create rules.
B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently.
D. Identify difficult words.
31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater 的软件程序。
【文本框架结构简析】
导语(Lead 第1 段)：提出“机器可在辩论中超越人类”的观点，并用“Project Debate 击败人类对手
(含以色列前全国辩论冠军)” 的具体事件举例；
主体(Body 第2- 3 段)：指出Project Debater 的弱点(依赖文档库拼接句子、易出错)及背后的根本性
难题；引用 Hammond 教授观点引出“意义”这一核心概念；对比人机对
“意义”的处理差异，说明人类“意义”源于社会互动而非计算；
结尾(End 第4 段)：总结 “意义的社会属性” 是人机差异的本质，升华得出 “苏格拉底、孔子开
启的人类思想传统不会被AI 终结”的结论。
28. 推理判断题。根据题干 “mention Noa Ovadia”，定位第一段第二句“Last week, in a public debate in
San
Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia,
Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater
的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia)”可知，作者在第一段
提到Noa Ovadia 的目的是展示Project Debater 的聪明，故选B。
选项 A “解释软件程序的用途”：原文仅说明程序“打败人类对手”，未提及“用途”，细节不匹
配。
选项 C “介绍 Project Debater 的设计者”：原文未提及“设计者”，无对应信息。
选项 D “强调比赛的公平性”：原文未描述比赛规则或公平性相关内容，无对应信息。
29. 词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences
from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of
errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater 很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建
的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误)”和“will no doubt be ironed
out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词
wrinkles 的意思是“错误”，和errors 意思相近，故选C。
30. 细节理解题。根据题干 “Hammond”，定位到倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the
question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the
most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform
one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer,
meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond 所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器
的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具
体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的)”可知，根据Hammond 的说法，
Project Debater 不能理解意义，故选B。
31. 主旨大意题/推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not
of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning
lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social
relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的
内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和
社会关系中)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键，故选A。
Who：humans(人类)与machines(机器)；
What：Meaning(意义)通过 social interaction(社会互动)产生，而非 computation(计算)；
Why：这是人类与机器的本质区别。
书评
【体裁特点】
书评，顾名思义，是对一本书的评价。在高考中，这类文章不仅考查考生的阅读能力，更考查考生
的批判性思维和逻辑分析能力。书评本质上也是一种议论文，其核心目的是介绍书的内容并给出评价。而
仅仅是介绍书的内容或书的框架结构等，又没有只言片语的评论，那么充其量视作为应用文、记叙文或是
是说明文。书评类阅读理解文本的常用结构框架：
1. 背景介绍：书评可能会提供一些背景信息，帮助读者了解书籍的创作背景或作者的写作动机；
2. 引言部分：通常书评开始于对书籍的简介，包括作者、书籍的主要内容和目的；
3. 内容概述：书评会概述书籍的主要内容，包括主题、情节、角色等；
4. 作者观点：书评作者会表达自己对书籍的看法，这可能包括对书籍的评价、对作者写作风格的
评
论等。
5. 深入分析：书评可能会深入分析书籍的某些方面，如文学手法、主题的探讨、文化或哲学意义
等；
6. 总结收尾：书评以总结作者的观点和对书籍的总体评价收尾。
【考情概览】
书评类阅读理解题四种题型(细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题以及词义猜测题)都有可能涉及。
其中较难题主要涉及下列三个方面：
1. 文化和背景知识：书评中可能会涉及特定的文化或历史背景知识，如果学生缺乏这方面的知识，
可
能会影响对书评内容的理解和分析。
2. 作者观点的推断：有时作者可能不会明确表达自己的观点，而是通过对书籍内容的描述和分析来
暗
示，这要求学生能够从细节中推断出作者的观点。
3. 写作风格和语言特点的分析：学生需要能够识别并分析书评的写作风格和语言言特点，这对学生
的
文学素养和鉴赏能力提出了较高要求。
【解题锦囊】
在判断所给试题原文语篇类型是书评类的基础上，考生解题时需要：
一、快速梳理语篇框架
浏览全文，快速梳理文本语篇框架(参看上文的“书评类阅读理解文本的常用结构框架”)。
二、瞅准关键靶向定位
瞅准题干中的关键词，回归原文，靶向定位。
三、研读关键精准匹配
研读相关依据，跟相关备选项进行匹配，锁定正确答案。
【典例】
【2023·全国甲卷C 篇】
I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that
were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a
world of philosophy(哲学).
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people
who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.
Eric Weiner’s The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love
for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s
work in the context(背景)of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to
wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more
than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book abour learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he
does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in
history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding( 解读)their messages and adding his own
interpretation.
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually
pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up
a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It’s worth your time, even if time is
something we don’t have a lot of.
28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?
A. Foucault.
B. Eric Weiner.
C. Jostein Gaarder.
D. A college teacher.
29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?
A. To compare Weiner with them.
B. To give examples of great works.
C. To praise their writing skills.
D. To help readers understand Weiner’s book.
30. What does the author like about The Socrates Express?
A. Its views on history are well-presented.
B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.
C. It includes comments from readers.
D. It leaves an open ending.
31. What does the author think of Weiner’s book?
A. Objective and plain.
B. Daring and ambitious.
C. Serious and hard to follow.
D. Humorous and straightforward.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【导语】这是一篇说明书评。作者在13 岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner 的书The Socrates Express 唤起了
作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了The Socrates Express 这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。
【文本框架结构简析】
第1-2 段：背景介绍；
第3 段：引言部分；
第4 段：内容概述；
第5 段前半部分：作者观点；
第5 段后半部分+第6 段前半部分：深入分析；
第6 段后半部分：总结收尾。
28. 细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s
World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It
spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).(我13 岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本
Jostein Gaarder 的《Sophie 的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本
书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界)”可知，Jostein Gaarder 为作者打开了通往哲学的大门，故
选C。
29. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then
frames each philosopher’s work in the context(背景)of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a
read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no
regrets like Nietzsche.(Weiner 在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲
学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底
一样思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾)”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了
Weiner 书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，
由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiners 的书，故选D。
30. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, more than a book about undestanding philosophy, is a book abour
learning to use philosophy to improve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用
哲学来改善生活的书)”可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Express 这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常
生活中，故选B。
31. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philosopical thought an appealing exercise that improves the
quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，
可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感)”可知，Weiners 的书很幽默，根据
最后一段中“The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and
gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging.(The Socrates Express 是一本有趣而
尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中)”
可知，Weiners 的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners 的书既幽默又简单易懂，故选D。
C-1
(2026 届河北省衡水市高三上学期第二次调研考试二)Computers have taken the crown in chess, Go and
poker, but when it comes to competitive coding, humans still have the edge — just.
Recently, Polish coder Przemyslaw Debiak, known online as Psyho, narrowly defeated OpenAI’s
algorithm(算法)at the 2025 AtCoder World Tour Finals in Tokyo. The 41-year-old, a former OpenAI employee who
retired five years ago, predicts he might be the last human to claim the title, given rapid tech progress. “That’s
probable,” he said, noting frustration at the thought of AI outperforming him, though he enjoys the competitions.
Psyho acknowledged the irony: coders are fueling their own potential obsolescence(淘汰). “Live by the sword, die
by the sword,” he expressed pre-contest, adding, “I helped develop AI and nearly lost to it — though I won, for
now.”
The 10-hour contest, featuring 11 top-ranked human coders and OpenAI’s algorithm(which finished second,
9.5% behind Psyho), involves solving complex optimization(最优化)problems like the traveling salesman puzzle
— simple to state but computationally tough. While ChatGPT handles repetitive code, AI’s showing in open-ended
logic problems impresses.
“Top humans still excel at reasoning and complex problem-solving,” Psyho said, but typing speed caps them.
AI, by contrast, rapidly tests small adjustments: “It’s like cloning a human to work at the same time — faster, and
sometimes quantity beats a single genius.”
Major firms like Meta and Microsoft now use AI for coding. Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei warned that AI
could replace 20% of white-collar jobs within five years. “All white-collar roles face this now; manual jobs are
safer a few more years,” Psyho noted. Like many in tech, he’s not sure about AI’s rise. “We face disinformation,
social impacts, and humans losing purpose,” he said. “Society evolves slowly, meanwhile, tech progress accelerates
faster and faster.”
28. What did Psyho imply by saying “Live by the sword, die by the sword”?
A. Coding is a dangerous job.
B. He regrets ever joining OpenAI.
C. OpenAI’s algorithm is too complex.
D. Coders speed up their own replacement.
29. According to Psyho, what limits top human coders?
A. Slow typing speed.
B. AI’s strong competition.
C. Poor reasoning capacity.
D. Inability to solve problems.
30. What is Psyho’s attitude towards AI’s rise?
A. Supportive.
B. Uncertain.
C. Critical.
D. Indifferent.
31. What would be the best title for the text?
A. OpenAI Loses Its Edge
B. The Last Human Champion
C. The Decline of Human Coders
D. Human Coder Narrowly Defeats AI
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了在2025 年AtCoder 世界巡回赛决赛中，波兰程序员
Psyho 以微弱优势击败OpenAI 的算法，但他认为随着技术进步，自己可能是最后一个获此殊荣
的人类。
28. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Psyho acknowledged the irony: coders are fueling their own potential
obsolescence(淘汰). “Live by the sword, die by the sword,” he expressed pre-contest, adding, “I helped
develop AI and nearly lost to it — though I won, for now.”(Psyho 承认这很讽刺：程序员正在推动自己潜
在
的淘汰。“玩火者必自焚，”他在赛前表示，并补充说，“我帮助开发了人工智能，差点就输给了它
——尽管我现在赢了。”)”可知，Psyho 认为程序员在推动AI 发展的同时，也在加速自己的淘汰，即
程序员加快了自己的替代进程，故选D 项。
29. 细节理解题。根据第四段中““Top humans still excel at reasoning and complex problem-solving,”
Psyho
said, but typing speed caps them.(“顶尖的人类仍然擅长推理和解决复杂问题，”Psyho 说，但打字速
度
限制了他们)”可知，根据Psyho 的说法，限制顶尖人类程序员的是打字速度，故选A 项。
30. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Like many in tech, he’s not sure about AI’s rise. ‘We face disinformation,
social impacts, and humans losing purpose,’ he said. ‘Society evolves slowly, meanwhile, tech progress
accelerates faster and faster.’(和许多科技界人士一样，他对人工智能的崛起并不确定。“我们面临着
虚
假信息、社会影响以及人类失去目标的问题，”他说。“社会进化缓慢，而科技进步却越来越
快。”)”
可推知，Psyho 对AI 的崛起持不确定的态度，故选B 项。
31. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Recently, Polish coder Przemyslaw Debiak, known online as
Psyho,
narrowly defeated OpenAI’s algorithm(算法)at the 2025 AtCoder World Tour Finals in Tokyo. The
41-year-old, a former OpenAI employee who retired five years ago, predicts he might be the last human to
claim the title, given rapid tech progress.(最近，波兰程序员普热梅斯瓦夫·德比亚克(Przemyslaw
Debiak)(网名Psyho)在东京举行的2025 年AtCoder 世界巡回赛决赛中，以微弱优势击败了OpenAI
的算法。这位41 岁的前OpenAI 员工五年前退休，他预测，鉴于科技的飞速进步，自己可能是最后
一个获得该头衔的人)”可知，文章主要报道了波兰程序员Psyho 在编码竞赛中以微弱优势击败
OpenAI
的算法这一事件，D 项“Human Coder Narrowly Defeats AI(人类程序员以微弱优势击败人工智能)”概
括
文章主要内容，适合作为文章标题，故选D 项。
C-2
(2026 届山东省实验中学高三上学期一诊)Architect Liu Jiakun was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture
Prize on Tuesday, making him the second winner from China to earn the highest honor in the field of architecture
after Wang Shu in 2012.
Living in Chengdu, the capital of southwestern China’s Sichuan province, Liu’s career spans four decades
and over 30 projects. He established Jiakun architects in 1999 and is devoted to creating an expansive collection of
works ranging from small, beautiful museums and monuments and vast commercial buildings to master plans for
cities. “The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified living environment. People’s real
lives, happiness and dignity are what we strive for,” says Liu.
The prize’s jury statement says that “intertwining(交织)seemingly opposing things such as idealism versus
everyday existence, history versus modernity, and collectivism versus individuality, Liu offers affirming
architecture that celebrates the lives of ordinary citizens”.
Wang, the 2012 Pritzker recipient, tells China Daily that Liu’s winning is encouraging: “His works are very
local, yet modern, directly addressing the challenges facing the transformation of contemporary Chinese cities.”
Wang says both he and Liu pursue contemporary architecture rooted in tradition. Many architects around the world
attempt to do the same, yet their style has never become mainstream. “I believe Liu’s winning holds great
significance and will resonate with those architects,” he adds.
Liu’s focus on ordinary people is reflected in his largest project West Village, a five-story urban complex
completed in 2015 in Chengdu. The complex includes a football field, paths for cyclists and pedestrians, and a
market. The block has become a popular public space and a destination for the city’s residents to spend leisure time.
Hearing the news that Liu won the Pritzker Prize, many netizens who have visited the West Village and the
museums he designed expressed that his architecture reflects a precious sense of relaxation, much like the vibrant
city of Chengdu itself, which is known for its giant pandas, hotpot and leisurely pace.
28. What do we know about Liu Jiakun?
A. He is the first Chinese winner of the Pritzker Prize.
B. His career spans 40 years with over 30 projects.
C. He founded Jiakun architects in 2012 in Chengdu.
D. His works only include museums and monuments.
29. What is a feature of Liu Jiakun’s architectural works?
A. Pursuit of tradition-based modernity.
B. Concentration on outline.
C. Integration with surroundings.
D. Combination with foreign styles.
30. The example of West Village is used to illustrate that ________.
A. Liu Jiakun pays attention to the needs of ordinary people
B. Liu Jiakun’s projects are all large-scale urban complexes
C. public spaces in Chengdu are not popular among residents
D. football fields are unnecessary in urban complex design
31. Which of the following words can best describe Liu Jiakun?
A. Energetic and optimistic.
B. Outgoing and responsible.
C. Courageous and generous.
D. Committed and creative.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. A 31. D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要围绕中国建筑师刘家琨获得2025 年普利兹克建筑奖展开，介绍了他
的建筑生涯、理念、作品特点，以及他人对他获奖的评价和大众对他作品的感受。
28. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Living in Chengdu, the capital of southwestern China’s Sichuan province,
Liu’s
career spans four decades and over 30 projects.(刘生活在中国西南部四川省的省会成都，他的职业生涯
跨越了40 年，参与了30 多个项目)”可知，刘的职业生涯长达40 年，参与了30 多个项目，故选B。
29. 细节理解题。根据第四段“His works are very local, yet modern, directly addressing the challenges facing
the transformation of contemporary Chinese cities.(他的作品非常本土化，但又很现代，直接解决了当
代
中国城市转型面临的挑战)”和“Wang says both he and Liu pursue contemporary architecture rooted in
tradition.(王说他和刘都追求植根于传统的当代建筑)”可知，他的建筑作品的一个特点是追求以传统
为
基础的现代性，故选A。
30. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Liu’s focus on ordinary people is reflected in his largest project West
Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu.(刘对普通人的关注反映在他最大的项
目西村上，这是一个五层的城市综合体，于2015 年在成都完工)”可知，西村的例子是用来说明刘关
注普通人的需求，故选A。
31. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The prize’s jury statement says that ‘intertwining(交织)seemingly opposing
things such as idealism versus everyday existence, history versus modernity, and collectivism versus
individuality, Liu offers affirming architecture that celebrates the lives of ordinary citizens’.(评委会的声明
说：“刘的作品将理想主义与日常生活、历史与现代、集体主义与个性等看似对立的事物交织在一
起，提供了肯定的建筑，庆祝普通公民的生活。”)”可知，他是有创造性的；根据第二段“Liu’s
career
spans four decades and over 30 projects(刘的职业生涯跨越了40 年，参与了30 多个项目)”可知，他是
尽心尽力的，因此可用committed 和creative 来描述Liu Jiakun，故选D。
C-3
(2026 届黑龙江省大庆市高三上学期一模)Some might suggest that a doorstopper about “the influence of
the horse on human history” couldn’t possibly be interesting. No. I say no. In fact, Timothy C. Winegard’s The
Horse is fantastic, offering a fresh view on how crucial horses were in human development. And it almost didn’t
happen.
Sudden climate changes at the end of the Ice Age drove horses to the edge of extinction. The rest of the
animals once found through much of the world were then largely limited to an area that runs roughly from Eastern
Europe to Central Asia — where they were hunted for food.
The horse might have gone the way of other animals had it not been tamed(驯化)like cattle. When someone
decided to jump on the back of one of the horses, it started “a revolution” that changed the world. Riding horses
helped farmers raise more sheep and goats, and hunters cover more ground. When horses replaced oxen, their
quicker speed allowed more land to be handled, increased yields and changed farmers to exporters.
Naturally, horses became instruments of war. The earliest known true cavalry(骑兵)formation belonged to
the Assyrian king Tukulti-Ninurta II. In relatively short order, cavalry units made the difference in battle. Those
nations that had horses won wars; those that didn’t tried to get them. In many ways, these conflicts created the
world we have today. Alexander extended the boundaries of his kingdom — and Greek culture — through Persia,
India and beyond because of the success of his cavalry. Besides, horses were the deciding factor in the Battle of
Hastings, where William, the Duke of Normandy — who had cavalry units — soundly defeated the Anglo-Saxon
King Harold Godwinson, creating the modern British state.
The Horse is extensively researched. It is interesting, charming and entertaining. But I know: I can lead you
to a bookstore, but I can’t make you read.
28. When did horses start to make the world different?
A. After people domesticated them for riding.
B. After Asians raised them as a food source.
C. After they were exported all over the world.
D. After the climate changed during the Ice Age.
29. What is the advantage of horses?
A. Power.
B. Bravery.
C. Efficiency.
D. Intelligence.
30. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The training of cavalry for battles.
B. The contributions of horses in wars.
C. The fantastic achievements of kings.
D. The expansion of powerful kingdoms.
31. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To astonish the curious readers.
B. To summarize the recent history.
C. To criticize an improper viewpoint.
D. To recommend an awesome book.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D
【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章旨在推荐Timothy C. Winegard 的著作《The Horse》，并通过反驳“马对
人类历史的影响无趣”这一偏见，强调马在人类文明发展中的核心作用。
28. 细节理解题。根据第三段“When someone decided to jump on the back of one of the horses, it started “a
revolution” that changed the world.(当有人决定跳上一匹马的背时，就开始了一场改变世界的“革
命”)”
可知马在人们驯养它们用于骑马之后开始改变世界的，故选A。
29. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Riding horses helped farmers raise more sheep and goats, and hunters cover
more
ground. When horses replaced oxen, their quicker speed allowed more land to be handled, increased yields
and changed farmers to exporters.(骑马可以帮助农民饲养更多的绵羊和山羊，猎人也可以覆盖更多的
土地。当马取代了牛，它们更快的速度使更多的土地得到处理，增加了产量，并使农民变成了出口
商)” 可知马帮助农民饲养更多的绵羊和山羊，帮助猎人获得更多的土地，并且代替牛提高了生产效
率，所以马的优势就是效率，故选C。
30. 主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Naturally, horses became instruments of war.(马自然成为了战争的工
具)”
以及整段介绍，可知本段主要讲述马在战争中的贡献，故选B。
31. 推理判断题。本文通过《The Horse》一书，以清晰的逻辑和历史案例，论证了马对人类文明的深刻
影响，并通过推荐此书传递“坚持探索未知”的价值观。所以文章的目的就是推荐一本很棒的书，
故选D。
C-4
(陕西省咸阳市实验中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期第二次质量检测)J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the
Rye remains a classic novel of adolescent rebellion and isolation, connecting with generations since its 1951
publication. Through the voice of Holden Caulfield, a teenager kicked out of prep school, Salinger captures the raw
emotions of youth — anger, confusion, and a desperate search for realness in a world he dismisses as “phoney”.
The novel’s lasting power lies not in grand adventure but in its intimate portrayal of Holden’s internal struggles,
which reflect universal teenage experience.
Holden’s journey through New York City acts as a psychological exploration. He criticizes the hypocrisy(虚
伪)of the adult world, mocks social expectations, and fantasizes about escaping to a simpler life “away from all the
nonsense.” Yet beneath his cynical(愤世嫉俗的)appearance lies vulnerability.
Symbolism deepens the novel’s exploration of innocence and loss. The repeated image of the “catcher in the
rye” — Holden’s fantasy of saving children from falling off a cliff — symbolizes his wish to preserve childhood
innocence. His repeated visits to the Museum of Natural History, where displays stay unchanged, reveal his longing
for stability. The ducks in Central Park’s Lake, which mysteriously disappear each winter, mirror Holden’s anxiety
about life’s uncertainties. Even the novel’s preface as “authentic adolescent voice”, serves as a rebellion against
social norms, making Holden’s voice feel startlingly real.
Though set in the 1950s, The Catcher in the Rye continues to speak to modern teenagers. In an era
dominated by social media and artificial identities, Holden’s hatred of hypocrisy feels strikingly relatable. Unlike
today’s digital interactions, Holden’s handwritten letters and face-to-face encounters in the novel emphasize the
original pure nature of human connection. Salinger’s refusal to romanticize adolescence — offering no easy
answers to pain — challenges readers to confront their own struggles with growing up. The novel endures not as a
relic but as a timeless conversation about the confusion and struggles of youth.
28. Where is the text most probably taken from?
A. A news report about modern education.
B. A literary journal on figures of speech.
C. A publisher’s preface for a special edition.
D. A psychological study on teenage rebellion.
29. What does the underlined word “phoney” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Fake.
B. Dangerous.
C. Traditional.
D. Complicated.
30. According to paragraph 3, what does the image “catcher in the rye” represent?
A. Holden’s admiration for rural life.
B. Holden’s desire to escape society.
C. Holden’s criticism of educational systems.
D. Holden’s wish to protect childhood purity.
31. What does Salinger agree with according to the last paragraph?
A. Adolescence deserves romanticizing.
B. Genuine human connections are vital.
C. Social media fosters sincere connections.
D. Teenagers require straightforward life solutions.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B
【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章通过分析《麦田里的守望者》的核心主题、象征手法及其跨时代共鸣，
向读者阐释作品的文学价值与持久影响力。
28. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye remains a classic
novel of
adolescent rebellion and isolation, connecting with generations since its 1951 publication.(J. D.塞林格的
《麦田里的守望者》自1951 年出版以来，一直是一部关于青少年叛逆和孤独的经典小说，与几代人
联系在一起)”和最后一段中“The novel endures not as a relic but as a timeless conversation about the
confusion and struggles of youth.(这部小说不是作为遗物而存在，而是作为一场关于青年的困惑和挣
扎的永恒对话)”可知，文章以介绍《麦田里的守望者》的核心主题、象征手法和时代意义为主，首
段点明这是一本“经典小说”，末段强调这是一场“永恒对话”。由此推知，文章应该是这本小说
的特别版序言，为读者提供背景解读和作品价值提炼，故选C 项。
29. 词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Salinger captures the raw emotions of youth — anger, confusion, and a
desperate search for realness in a world(塞林格捕捉到了年轻人的原始情感——愤怒、困惑和对世界真
实性的绝望追求)”可知，年轻人在这个世界中绝望地寻找真实，说明世界被他们斥为“虚假”的，
画线
词意为“虚假的”，与Fake 意思一致，故选A 项。
30. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The repeated image of the ‘catcher in the rye’ — Holden’s fantasy of saving
children from falling off a cliff — symbolizes his wish to preserve childhood innocence.(“麦田里的守望
者”这一反复出现的形象——霍尔顿关于拯救孩子免于坠崖的幻想——象征了他保护童年纯真的愿
望)”可知，“麦田里的守望者”形象代表霍尔顿保护童年纯真的愿望，故选D 项。
31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In an era dominated by social media and artificial identities, Holden’s
hatred
of hypocrisy feels strikingly relatable. Unlike today’s digital interactions, Holden’s handwritten letters and
face-to-face encounters in the novel emphasize the original pure nature of human connection.(在一个由社
交媒体和虚假身份主导的时代，霍尔顿对虚伪的憎恨让人产生了强烈的共鸣。与今天的数字互动不
同，霍尔顿在小说中手写的信件和面对面的接触强调了人类联系的原始纯粹本质)”可知，作者对比
数字时代的虚假社交，突出塞林格的小说对真实人际关系的呼唤。因此，塞林格会认同“真诚的人
际关系至关重要”，故选B 项。
D-1
(2026 届福建省福州市高三上学期一模)Can you tell fact from fiction online? In a digital world, few
questions are more challenging than fighting misinformation. As an education researcher and former high school
history teacher, I know that history class can stimulate critical thinking — but only if teachers and schools
understand what it really means.
Some might consider critical thinking an ability that teachers can encourage. Or they might be referring to
specific skills — for instance, that students should learn a set of steps to take to assess information online.
Cognitive(认知的)scientists see critical thinking as a specific kind of reasoning that involves problem-solving and
making sound judgments. It can be learned, but it relies on specific content knowledge.
Since context is key to critical thinking, learning to analyze information about current events likely requires
knowledge about politics and history, as well as practice at tracing sources. Fortunately, that is what social studies
classes are for.
Social studies researchers often describe this kind of critical thinking as “historical thinking”: a way to
evaluate evidence about the past and assess its reliability. In social studies classrooms students can make relatively
quick progress on some of the surface features of historical thinking, such as learning to check a text’s date and
author.
Social studies classrooms can also build what researchers call “civic online reasoning.” Fact-checking is
complex. It is not enough to tell young people that they should be careful online, or to trust sites that end in “.org”
instead of “.com.” Rather than learning general principles about online media, civic online reasoning teaches
students specific skills for evaluating information about politics and social issues.
Therefore, the solution lies not in teaching critical thinking as a separate skill, but in preserving and
strengthening traditional social studies education that combines background knowledge with analytical capabilities.
Only then can we effectively prepare students to distinguish truth from fiction in our digital world.
32. How does the writer view critical thinking?
A. It naturally develops over time.
B. It is a kind of step-by-step learning.
C. It is a form of content-based reasoning.
D. It improves with teachers’ encouragement.
33. Why can social studies encourage critical thinking?
A. They focus on past evidence.
B. They question general principles.
C. They develop fact-checking skills.
D. They provide trustworthy websites.
34. Which can be considered “civic online reasoning” according to the text?
A. Trusting online news without tracing sources.
B. Assessing public matters via fact-checking.
C. Dismissing social media as unreliable.
D. Employing AI to spread news stories.
35. What solution does the author suggest?
A. Applying traditional social skills.
B. Highlighting historical knowledge.
C. Emphasizing social studies learning.
D. Teaching communication techniques.
【答案】32. C 33. C 34. B 35. C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要探讨了在网络数字时代辨别信息真伪的挑战，指出批判性思维对于
应对这一挑战的重要性。
32. 细节理解题。根据第二段“ Cognitive(认知的)scientists see critical thinking as a specific kind of
reasoning
that involves problem-solving and making sound judgments. It can be learned, but it relies on specific
content knowledge.(认知科学家将批判性思维视为一种特定的推理方式，涉及解决问题和做出合理判
断。它可以被学习，但依赖于特定的内容知识)”可知，作者认同认知科学家的观点，认为批判性思
维是依赖特定内容知识的推理形式，故选C 项。
33. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Social studies classrooms can also build what researchers call “civic online
reasoning.” Fact-checking is complex. It is not enough to tell young people that they should be careful
online, or to trust sites that end in “.org” instead of “.com.” Rather than learning general principles about
online media, civic online reasoning teaches students specific skills for evaluating information about politics
and social issues.(社会科课堂还能培养研究人员所说的“公民网络思辨能力”。事实核查并非易事：
仅仅告诉年轻人在网络上要谨慎，或是让他们相信以“.org” 结尾的网站而非“.com”结尾的网站，
这些
做法远远不够。与学习网络媒体相关的通用原则不同，公民网络思辨能力教授给学生的，是评估政
治和社会议题相关信息的具体技能)”可知，社会研究课程能培养学生的事实核查技能，进而促进批
判
性思维，故选C 项。
34. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Rather than learning general principles about online media, civic online
reasoning teaches students specific skills for evaluating information about politics and social issues.(公民
在线推理能力不是让学生学习网络媒体的一般原则，而是教给他们评估政治和社会问题相关信息的
特定技能)”可知，公民在线推理能力是评估政治、社会等公共事务相关信息的技能，且需结合事实
核查，故选B 项。
35. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therefore, the solution lies not in teaching critical thinking as a separate
skill,
but in preserving and strengthening traditional social studies education that combines background
knowledge with analytical capabilities.(因此，解决办法不在于将批判性思维作为一项独立技能来教
授，
而在于维护和加强传统的社会研究教育，这种教育将背景知识与分析能力相结合)”可知，作者建议
强调社会研究课程的学习，故选C 项。
D-2
(2026 届湖北省湖北省部分市州高三上学期9 月调研)In the digital era, where social media floods with
ceaseless sharing, 26-year-old illustrator Lina from Hangzhou stands as a striking example. She regularly posts
artworks and travel snapshots on Instagram but seldom replies to comments or engages in private conversations. “I
love sharing fragments( 碎片)of my life, yet building deep connections with strangers feels emotionally
exhausting”, she admits. Lina’s attitude represents a growing trend among today’s youth: light socializing, a pattern
that prioritizes self-expression over intensive emotional bonds in the virtual world.
Sociologist Min Li observes that social media, once a hub(中心)for developing relationships, has changed
into a “self-showcase” platform for the younger generation. Instead of seeking active interactions, they share
content like scenic photos or daily routines, with little expectation of feedback. Actions such as casually
unfollowing, blocking strangers or using 24-hour disappearing posts show their wish to avoid burdensome
“emotional labor” from shallow virtual ties. This shift comes from their desire to escape overwhelming pressure
from empty digital interactions.
While critics dismiss light socializing as a sign of “emotional coldness”, it actually reflects a thoughtful
adaptation. Psychologist Lu Chen argues that by embracing this approach, young people regain control over their
online space — sharing freely without the anxiety of meeting others’ expectations. Even social platforms have
evolved to meet this need: many now offer “silent modes”, such as hidden interaction records and one-way posting
features, acknowledging the widespread acceptance of light socializing.
In a world tightly bound by digital connections, light socializing strikes a delicate balance between self-
expression and privacy protection. It is not a refusal of social bonds but a wise pursuit of healthier, more
autonomous online engagement. This trend shows the younger generation’s maturity in safeguarding their mental
well-being, representing a forward-looking and thoughtful approach to modern social interactions.
32. What does Lina do on social media?
A. She only posts artworks.
B. She shares life but skips deep chats.
C. She never replies to comments.
D. She focuses on building deep online bonds.
33. According to Min Li, what has social media become for young people now?
A. A center for deep relationships.
B. A platform for personal display.
C. A tool to seek frequent interactions.
D. A space to reduce pressure by virtual ties.
34. What can we infer about “light socializing”?
A. It encourages safe online engagement.
B. It makes young people emotionally cold.
C. It relies mainly on platforms’ silent modes.
D. It abandons social bonds to protect mental health.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Keep Silent Mode On
B. Keep the Digital Distance
C. Social Media: “Self-showcase” Platform D. Emotional Coldness: Online Life’s Secret
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. A 35. B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章以26 岁的杭州插画师Lina 为例，阐述了在数字时代，年轻人在社交媒
体上呈现出“轻社交”的趋势，即注重自我表达而非深度情感联系，这种趋势反映了年轻人对
心理健康的守护，是一种有前瞻性和深思熟虑的现代社交互动方式。
32. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She regularly posts artworks and travel snapshots on Instagram but
seldom
replies to comments or engages in private conversations. ‘I love sharing fragments(碎片)of my life, yet
building deep connections with strangers feels emotionally exhausting’, she admits.(她经常在Instagram 上
发布艺术作品和旅行照片，但很少回复评论或参与私人对话。“我喜欢分享我生活中的片段，但与
陌生人建立深厚的联系在情感上让人筋疲力尽，”她承认)”可知，Lina 在社交媒体上分享生活，但
避
免深度聊天，故选B 项。
33. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Sociologist Min Li observes that social media, once a hub(中心)for
developing relationships, has changed into a ‘self-showcase’ platform for the younger generation(社会学家
李敏观察到，社交媒体曾经是发展关系的中心，现在已经变成了年轻一代的“自我展示”平台)”可
知，
根据李敏的说法，社交媒体现在已经成为年轻人个人展示的平台，故选B 项。
34. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In a world tightly bound by digital connections, light socializing strikes
a
delicate balance between self-expression and privacy protection. It is not a refusal of social bonds but a wise
pursuit of healthier, more autonomous online engagement.(在一个被数字联系紧密束缚的世界里，轻社
交
在自我表达和隐私保护之间取得了微妙的平衡。这不是对社会关系的拒绝，而是对更健康、更自主
的在线参与的明智追求)”可知，轻社交不是对社会关系的拒绝，而是对更健康、更自主的在线参与
的
明智追求。由此推知，“轻社交”鼓励安全的在线参与，故选A 项。
35. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“She regularly posts artworks and travel snapshots on Instagram but
seldom
replies to comments or engages in private conversations. ‘I love sharing fragments(碎片)of my life, yet
building deep connections with strangers feels emotionally exhausting’, she admits.(她经常在Instagram 上
发布艺术作品和旅行照片，但很少回复评论或参与私人对话。“我喜欢分享我生活中的片段，但与
陌生人建立深厚的联系在情感上让人筋疲力尽，”她承认)”、第二段“Sociologist Min Li observes
that
social media, once a hub(中心)for developing relationships, has changed into a ‘self-showcase’ platform
for the younger generation(社会学家李敏观察到，社交媒体曾经是发展关系的中心，现在已经变成了
年轻一代的“自我展示”平台)”、以及最后一段“In a world tightly bound by digital connections, light
socializing strikes a delicate balance between self-expression and privacy protection. It is not a refusal of
social bonds but a wise pursuit of healthier, more autonomous online engagement(在一个被数字联系紧密
束缚的世界里，轻社交在自我表达和隐私保护之间取得了微妙的平衡。这不是对社会关系的拒绝，
而是对更健康、更自主的在线参与的明智追求)”可知，本文主要讨论了年轻人在社交媒体上选择
“轻
社交”的方式，在数字连接紧密的世界中，保持一定的数字距离，以平衡自我表达和隐私保护，所
以B 项“Keep the Digital Distance(保持数字距离)”适合作本文最佳标题，故选B 项。
D-3
(辽宁省沈阳市东北育才学校等校2025-2026 学年高三上学期联合考试)"Regrets, I've had a few. But
then again, too few to mention,” Frank Sinatra chanted in his 1969 hit "My Way”. The song's idea is attractive: that
anyone can just declare what's done is done and move on. Some take the declaration a step further and claim they
have no regrets at all. Whether a boast or an actual attitude, "no regrets” suggests that life can and should be lived
without looking through the rear-view mirror.
Easier said than done, though.Author Daniel H. Pink launched the World Regret Survey, the largest ever
survey on the topic. With his research team, Pink asked more than 15,000 people in 105 countries, "How often do
you look back on your life and wish you had done things differently?” 82% said regret is at least an occasional part
of their life; roughly 21% said they feel regret "all the time.” Only 1% said they never feel regret.
If you are of the "no regrets” type, you might think that all this regret is a recipe for unhappiness. But that
isn't the case. True, being overwhelmed by regret is indeed bad for you. But going to the other extreme may be even
worse. To rid yourself of regrets doesn't free you from shame or sorrow; it leads you to make the same mistakes
again and again. To truly get over our guilt requires that we put regret in its proper place.
As uncomfortable as it is, regret is an amazing cognitive(认知)achievement. If today your relationship with
your partner has soured, your regret might mentally take you back to last year. You would remember your being
mean and sensitive, and then imagine yourself showing more patience, being kind instead of hurtful at key
moments. Then you would fast-forward to today and see how your relationship could be progressing instead of
languishing.
But regret doesn't have to be left unmanaged. The trick is to acknowledge it and use it for learning and
improvement. You can be honest with yourself about what went wrong and use that knowledge to enjoy better
relationships in the future.
32. What should we do if we have had a bitter quarrel with a close friend according to Frank Sinatra?
A. Attract more people to your argument.
B. Send him/her a letter of apology.
C. Boast about being more reasonable.
D. Forget about it and just let it go.
33. Why did the author mention the World Regret Survey?
A. To introduce the work of author Daniel H. Pink.
B. To provide statistical evidence that regret is widespread.
C. To show that the “no regrets” attitude is rare and unrealistic.
D. To compare different people's attitudes towards regret.
34. What does the underlined word “languishing” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A. Improving.
B. Healing.
C. Showing up.
D. Breaking up.
35. What does the author intend to tell us in this passage?
A. "No regrets” is a realistic and healthy attitude towards life.
B. It is better to feel overwhelming regret than to feel none at all.
C. Regret can be beneficial if people know how to handle it properly.
D. It is impossible and unwise for people to live a life without any regrets.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。生活中会有很多遗憾。太多遗憾会影响生活，但是没有遗憾的生活也不完
整，我们应该从中吸取教训，继续前行，让自己的人生更成功。文章主要论述了对待遗憾的正
确态度及其作用。
32. 推理判断题。根据第一段“The song’s idea is attractive: that anyone can just declare what’s done is done
and
move on. Some take the declaration a step further and claim they have no regrets at all.(这首歌传达的理念
颇具吸引力：任何人都可以宣称过往已成定局，然后继续前行。有些人更进一步，声称自己毫无遗
憾)”可知，根据Frank Sinatra 的观点，在与朋友争吵后，我们会忘了它，随它去，故选D 项。
33. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Easier said than done, though.Author Daniel H. Pink launched the World
Regret
Survey, the largest ever survey on the topic. With his research team, Pink asked more than 15,000 people in
105 countries, “How often do you look back on your life and wish you had done things differently?” 82%
said regret is at least an occasional part of their life; roughly 21% said they feel regret “all the time.” Only
1% said they never feel regret.(不过，这说起来容易做起来难。作家丹尼尔·H·平克(Daniel H. Pink)发
起
了“世界遗憾调查”，这是有史以来规模最大的关于遗憾的调查。平克和他的研究团队询问了来自
105 个国家的15000 多人：“你回顾自己的人生时，有多经常希望自己当初的做法有所不同？”82%
的人表示，遗憾至少偶尔会出现在他们的生活中；约21%的人表示，他们“一直”都感到遗憾。只
有
1%的人表示从未感到过遗憾)”可知，作者提到世界遗憾调查是为了通过详细数据表明“无悔”的态
度是罕见的和不现实的，故选C 项。
34. 词义猜测题。由文章第四段中“If today your relationship with your partner has soured, your regret might
mentally take you back to last year. You would remember your being mean and sensitive, and then imagine
yourself showing more patience, being kind instead of hurtful at key moments. Then you would
fast-forward to today and see how your relationship could be progressing instead of languishing.(如果今天
你和伴侣的关系恶化了，你的遗憾可能会在精神上把你带回到去年。你会记得自己既刻薄又敏感，
然后想象自己在关键时刻表现出更多的耐心，变得善良而不是伤人。然后你会快进到今天，看看你
们的关系是如何发展的，而不是languishing)”可知，instead of 前后为转折关系，前文说关系需要有
进
展，而有进展的反面则是关系没有进展，进而结束关系，或者关系破裂，故推测languishing 意为
“关
系结束，破裂”。与Breaking up“破裂”意思相符，故选D 项。
35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But regret doesn’t have to be left unmanaged. The trick is to acknowledge it
and use it for learning and improvement. You can be honest with yourself about what went wrong and use
that knowledge to enjoy better relationships in the future.(但遗憾并非无法管理。关键在于承认它，并利
用它来学习和改进。你可以坦诚地面对自己哪里出了错，并利用这些知识在未来享受更好的人际关
系)”可知，作者想在这篇文章中告诉我们如果人们知道如何正确处理后悔，它可能是有益的，故选
C
项。
D-4
(2026 届湖北省武汉市部分高中高三上学期九月调研)Quick: what’s your best friend’s phone number?
Don’t feel bad if you couldn’t answer off the top of your head. You have no reason to commit phone numbers to
memory: it’s just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object
does the remembering for you.
“Prosthetic memory”(人工记忆)is nothing new. Writing itself has been a means of storing information. Yet
the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We are flooded with information. We’re
creating more of it, and keeping more of it, The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No
wonder, then, that we’re increasingly dependent on memory prostheses, from libraries to smartphones.
Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive.
As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is
easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way on to social media. And
here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something
immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we’re forgetting to actually live them. We put
something between ourselves and the world-a camera-instead of just being in the moment, and so disconnect
ourselves from experience.
But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad? If we’re still creating and sharing memories like
this, perhaps this is because we’ve not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about
what we’re doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old. That’s just a short
blink(眨眼)in human history, yet it has totally changed how we live. I suspect we’re not far off from being directly
faced with experience yet with the ability to share experience in ways less bounded by geography and time. After
all, technology can do what our fragile meat-computers can’t: protect all the moments of a life that would otherwise
be lost.
32. What can be inferred from paragraph 1?
A. We rely more on tools to memorize.
B. We are burdened with phone numbers.
C. Technology weakens our brains.
D. Technology distances us from our friends.
33. What does the underlined word “eclipsed” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Improved.
B. Outperformed.
C. Restricted.
D. Undervalued.
34. What negative effect does online sharing bring about?
A. An overflow of posts.
B. High cost of digital devices.
C. Addiction to the virtual world.
D. Disregard for authentic experience.
35. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?
A. Have faith in human brains.
B. Take time to adapt to digital age.
C. Quicken the pace of development.
D. Make efforts to enhance memory.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍人们依赖手机等人工记忆工具，有人担忧社交媒体分享让人们忽视
真实生活，但作者认为无需全盘否定，科技也能留存珍贵时刻。
32. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it’s just there in
your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the
remembering for you.(你没有理由把电话号码记在记忆里：它就在你的手机里。或者你曾经有一个电
话簿来存储它们。在任何一种情况下，一个物体为你做记忆)”推知，我们更多地依赖工具进行记
忆，
故选A。
33. 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“ The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No
wonder,
then, that we’re increasingly dependent on memory prostheses, from libraries to smartphones.(人类大脑的
存储能力从此eclipsed。因此，从图书馆到智能手机，我们越来越依赖人工记忆也就不足为奇了)”可
知，我们越来越依靠人工记忆，其原因是我们大脑的储存能力已经被超越。由此猜测，划线词意为
“超越”，与outperformed 同义，故选B。
34. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way,
something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we’re forgetting to actually live
them.(当我们致力于以这种方式捕捉和分享世界时，我们失去了一些极其宝贵的东西；当我们记录
了
这么多我们的生活，我们忘记了真正的生活)”可知，网上分享带来的负面影响是对真实体验的忽
视，
故选D。
35. 推理判断题题。根据最后一段中“But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad? If we’re still
creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we’ve not had sufficient time to learn how
to do these things without thinking about what we’re doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media
era is less than a decade old.(但这场由社交媒体推动的变革就完全是坏事吗？如果我们如今仍在以这
种方式创造和分享回忆，或许是因为我们还没有足够的时间，去学会自然而然地做这些事。很容易
忽略的一点是，大规模社交媒体时代至今还不到十年)”可知，大规模社交媒体时代时间不算太久，
且
人们还没有做到自然而然地去创造和分享回忆。由此推知，作者建议人们花时间去适应数字时代，
故选B。
