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第 9 讲 体裁微解——新闻报道
新闻报道的第一句往往为全文的中心句(topic sentence)，因此在这个句子中主要讲清
what(事件)，when(时间)，where(地点)和who(人物)，而在下文则要补充事件的过程和细节，
往往包括why(目的或原因)和how(具体过程)等。新闻报道的一些常用语包括 It is reported
that...，As is reported...，According to the report...，It is estimated that...等。新闻报道亦为记叙
文，时态一般要用过去时；主句、从句结构清晰，语言客观平实，往往没有过分花哨的词汇
和过于复杂的句型。主要具有以下特点：
选材 新闻报道要突出新闻性，作者应避免对该新闻事件进行主观判断和评价。
内容 新闻报道的内容真实、新鲜、及时、重要、趣味可读，时效性极强。
结构 标题＋导语＋正文＋结束语
语言 短小精悍(常用代词)；客观真实(被动语态和间接引语的使用)。
题型主要为观点推断题；考查语篇衔接，推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内
命题
容；考查主旨归纳题。
新闻报道主要是提供事实信息，一般是简单叙述事件发生的五要素，事件经过和各方反
应，很少去探究事件背后深层次的原因。新闻报道的体裁主要有消息、通讯，通常采用记叙
的方式来讲清事实(即时间、地点、人物、事件、原因)，强调用事实说话，注重准确客观。
因此，做题时要关注新闻报道的结构和细节。具体答题策略如下：
(2019·浙江·B)
Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day.But at Union Station
in Los Angeles last month，a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that
read，“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”
People quickly caught on.And while many took dollars，many others pinned their own cash
to the board.“People of all ages，races，and socio-economic(社会经济的) backgrounds gaveand took，” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox，which created the project.“We even had a
bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the
board were singles，but a few people left fives，tens and even twenties.The video clip(片段)
shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.
“What I can say for the folks that gave the most，is that they were full of smiles，”
Bridges said.“There’s a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those
that gave the most.”Most people who took dollars took only a few，but Bridges said a very small
number took as much as they could.
While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign，Bridges said the only goal was to
show generosity and sympathy.He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar
projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
“After all，everyone has bad days and good days，”he said.“Some days you need a
helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。本文向读者介绍了Tyler Bridges创办的一项“尽你所能，取
你所需”的活动。这一活动吸引了许多不同的人，其唯一目的就是证明人们的慷慨和同情
心。结果显示，人们付出的多，拿取的少，达到了预期的效果。
24．What does the expression “Money with no strings attached.” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Money spent without hesitation.
B．Money not legally made.
C．Money offered without conditions.
D．Money not tied together.
答案 C
解析 句意理解题。根据下文的内容并结合木板上写的“Give What You Can，Take What
You Need.”可知，附在木板上的钱是可以随意取的，并不附带任何条件，故选C。
25．What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?
A．Women tended to be more sociable.
B．The activity attracted various people.
C．Economic problems were getting worse.
D．Young couples needed financial assistance.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是“People of all ages，races...even had a
bride”可推知，Bridges提到新娘参与该活动是为了说明参与人员的多样性，故选B。
26．Why did Bridges carry out the project?
A．To do a test on people’s morals.
B．To raise money for his company.C．To earn himself a good reputation.
D．To promote kindness and sympathy.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句并结合全文内容可知，Bridges开展这个活动的
目的是提倡仁慈和同情，故选D。
A
(2022·山东济宁一模)
Launched in Singapore last November ， Hong Kong-based company Omnifoods has
introduced a range of six plant-based sea foods to stand in for tuna，crab and whitefish.Similar to
their pork substitutes，the new products are said to offer a safe and alternative source of protein
while tackling environmental concerns like overfishing and worsening of the seas.
Omnifoods’ expansion comes at a time when the market for plant-based products is
growing.According to Enterprise Singapore，local interest in sensible consumption doubled in
2021，and flexitarians—people who primarily eat a plant-based diet but occasionally consume
meat or seafood—represent the fastest growth.The ocean is another reason cited as the need for
plant-based seafood.The average person here consumed 22kg of seafood last year，surpassing the
global average of 20kg.The World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF) also observed that three quarters
of the seafood served in Singapore is unsustainable.Besides，fish farming involves the use of
chemicals to prevent disease and parasites and these chemicals then accumulate in fish tissues，
which becomes a serious threat to people’s health.
Omnifoods says their products address all these concerns.Made primarily from non-
genetically modified soybeans，the plant-based alternatives are free of harmful substances，
absolutely safe.The company pointed out that the products share a similar look，feel and taste of
the real thing.“We’ ve done pilot taste tests with friends ， family ， and one sushi
restaurant.Many admire the appearance and mouthfeel that our tuna product has as well as its
nutritional benefits.Now we are struggling to improve our product until it’s an exact match or
tastes better than animal-based tuna，” added David Yeung.
Besides Omnifoods ， Singapore companies are also exploring the alternative seafood
market.Growthwell Group recently raised US $22 million to fund its attempt into shrimp，squid
and crab made using chickpea protein.“Global demand for plant-based meats is also shooting
up，with the value set to reach US $ 23.2 billion by 2024，” said market research company
Euromonitor.
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了去年11月，总部位于香港的Omnifoods公
司在新加坡推出了6种植物性海鲜，取代了金枪鱼、螃蟹和白鱼。还介绍了推动植物性海鲜受欢迎的因素以及这一行业的前景情况。
1．Which is the highlight of the plant-based seafood?
A．Being reasonably-priced.
B．Being physically-appealing.
C．Being environmentally-friendly.
D．Being personally-tailored.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的tackling environmental concerns可知，植物性海
鲜的亮点是环保。故选C。
2．What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on?
A．The recent trend in people’s diet.
B．The potential risks of fishing farming.
C．The methods of Omnifoods expanding its business.
D．The factors driving the popularity of plant-based seafood.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第二段可知，此段主要讲的是推动植物性海鲜受欢迎的因素。故选
D。
3．Which best describes the prospect of the alternative seafood market?
A．Promising. B．Risky.
C．Worrying. D．Uncertain.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句和最后一段可推知，替代海鲜市场的前景非常
乐观。故选A。
4．What’s the best title of the text?
A．Real Seafood Is to be Replaced
B．Alternative-seafood Has a Long Way to Go
C．Omnifoods：A Pioneer of Plant-based Seafood
D．Next Food Frontier：Seafood Made From Plants
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段并结合文章主要介绍了推动植物性海鲜受欢迎的因素以及这
一行业的前景情况可知，D项“下一个食品前沿：植物制造的海鲜”最符合文章标题。故选
D。
B
Watching his father die without oxygen support while suffering from a heart attack in 2020，Taher Mahmud Tarif，a Bangladeahi boy，made up his mind to build a device to prevent any
more such tragic deaths.Afterwards，many COVID-19 patients experienced low oxygen levels in
their blood，with demand for oxygen concentrators(浓缩器) among other medical equipment
shooting up during the recent sharp rise in cases.Tarif said the situation gave him more driving
force to build the device.
With the financial and overall support of Ishwardi UNO office and his educational
institution，Tarif’s determination and tireless efforts were rewarded with success as the ninth
grader of Ishwardi Sara Marwari High School managed to make the concentrator after trying five
times for about seven months，mainly using domestic components.He said that a locally made
oxygen concentrator like his costs approximately $760 whereas an imported one does over $2,600.
In June，Tarif gave a detailed account of his invention and manufacture at the UNO office in
Ishwardi at 11∶00 am on Tuesday.He said it was created from his own thinking and with the
addition of local technology generators and electric components.An oxygen concentrator takes in
air and removes nitrogen(氮气) from it，leaving oxygen-enriched gas for use by people needing
medical oxygen.“About 90 percent oxygen concentration can be generated from my oxygen
concentrator machine.This machine can provide high-flow oxygen supply too.It can be very handy
in local areas with no scope of getting oxygen support，” Tarif added.
“This is obviously a good invention for oxygen generation.It is capable of producing high-
flow oxygen so it can be used for patients or refilling oxygen bottles，” said an assistant
professor of Pabna Medical College Hospital.“Despite more lab and other examinations before
using the machine as medical equipment，” the UNO said，“Tarif’s invention will probably
be a great achievement during this alarming COVID-19 situation.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。孟加拉国的一位少年在经历了父亲因缺氧去世，又目睹了
新冠疫情下众多病人因缺氧生命危在旦夕之后，在自己的不懈努力和当地联合国组织的资助
下，成功利用国内配件自制出氧气压缩机。
5．Why did Tarif build an oxygen concentrator?
A．Because his father needed one.
B．Because his father died of COVID-19.
C．Because COVID-19 patients need oxygen.
D．Because he wants to help save other patients.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句可知，Tarif 的父亲因缺氧去世以及新冠
病人需要氧气的现状是他发明氧气压缩机的动机，即为了拯救更多因缺氧而危在旦夕的病人。
故选D。
6．What can we know about Tarif’s invention in paragraph 2?A．It mostly consists of local parts.
B．It succeeded at the first attempt.
C．It was made without others’ help.
D．It costs more than 2,600 dollars.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“mainly using domestic components”可知，
Tarif的发明主要使用国内配件。故选A。
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Tarif’s invention has not been tested yet.
B．Tarif’s invention has a promising future.
C．Tarif’s invention produces oxygen bottles.
D．Tarif’s invention has proved useful for COVID-19.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，虽然这项发明在正式作为医疗器械之前还
需要更多的试验和测试，但它很可能将在应对疫情中发挥重要的作用。故选B。
8．Where is this text most likely from?
A．A diary. B．A brochure.
C．A newspaper. D．A novel.
答案 C
解析 文章出处题。本文围绕孟加拉国少年Tarif发明氧气压缩机而展开，第一段介绍了氧
气压缩机的发明背景，第二段叙述了Tarif发明氧气压缩机的过程，第三段说明了氧气压缩
机的工作原理，最后一段展望了氧气压缩机的应用前景。所以本文很有可能是一篇选自报纸
的新闻报道。故选C。
强化练(十五) 新闻报道
A
(2022·广东一模)
Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again ， Keith
McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses.The old
lady，Ray，was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the enthusiastic respondents
in Welsh.
Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18，hence waving
goodbye to her life in Wales.She continued to speak Welsh with her mum—keeping a little bit of
home.But she lost her beloved mum four decades ago and hadn’t spoken Welsh ever since.Despite suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has
done recently，Ray’s childhood memories in Wales remain clear.“She wants to return but I
know，given her age，such long-distance travel is out of the question，” said Keith.“Once she
mentioned ‘I wish I could speak Welsh again but I suppose I never will.’ It was then that I
thought I should make her wish happen.”
So Keith,70，posted on social media in the New York Welsh area asking for any Welsh
speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum.And he was touched，as well as a little shocked，
to receive over 30 responses within half an hour.Keith thanked everyone and eventually asked
Melisa to give his mum a phone call.“Speaking with Melisa，her (Ray’s) Welsh was a little
rusty.A few more Welsh conversations and I think she’d be fluent again，” added Keith.
“When you have a parent in their nineties，you will find you two have something in
common：you’re both old，so I am very sympathetic to my mother’s feelings of loneliness and
isolation(孤立)．I’m feeling it myself.” Keith hopes to set up more Welsh phone conversations
for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to remind her of her
life in Wales.
语篇解读 这是一则新闻报道。这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母
亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。
1．Why did Keith post a message on social media?
A．To gather American Welsh speakers.
B．To help his mum speak Welsh again.
C．To slow down his mum’s memory loss.
D．To track down his family’s Welsh origin.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Keith在社交媒体上发信息是想帮他妈妈再次
说威尔士语。故选B。
2．How did Keith feel after seeing the responses?
A．Surprised and moved.
B．Concerned and thankful.
C．Sympathetic and excited.
D．Astonished and isolated.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，Keith看到这些回应后，感到既吃惊又感
动。故选A。
3．What is conveyed in the story?
A．Social media contribute to closer family ties.B．Mother tongue means more than a language.
C．Childhood experiences shape one’s later life.
D．One will be more sensitive when getting older.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段并结合整篇文章内容可知，这篇文章传达了这样一个理念：
母语不仅仅意味着一种语言，它是内心深处的一种细腻温暖的情感的体现。故选B。
4．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A community noticeboard.
B．A health magazine.
C．A language-learning website.
D．A local newspaper.
答案 D
解析 文章出处题。根据第一段第一句并结合整篇文章内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了Keith
McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得
到了大量善意的回应。由此可见这是一则新闻报道，最可能出现在当地的一家报纸上。故选
D。
B
(2022·福建漳州质检)
Guy Bryant never intended to be a father figure.But over the past 12 years，he’s housed
more than 50 foster kids in his Brooklyn apartment.
For decades，Bryant,61，worked with teens aging out of New York’s child welfare
system.His job was to find services that would make the transition(过渡) to living on their own
easier.But he felt that what he could accomplish at the New York City Administration for
Children’s Services office wasn’t enough.So in 2007，he decided to become a foster parent.
In an interview last month，Bryant told Romario Vassell,21，one of his foster children，that
agreeing to care for him was definitely one of the best decisions he made in foster care.Bryant told
Vassell that he was nervous when he took in his first foster child.He said，“I lived alone at that
point，and he was a kid that nobody wanted to take because of his behaviors.He got in a fight and
he appeared at my house.”Bryant said his family thought he was out of his mind for making such
a big lifestyle change and wondered how Bryant would adjust.
Bryant had been Vassell’s assigned case worker when they met.Bryant suggested that
Vassell，then an untidy 18-year-old，consider foster care as an option to get out of the homeless
shelter where he was staying.
At first，Vassell was hesitant.“I didn’t know how foster care was，” he said.
Since living with Bryant，Vassell now feels like he has a support network.“If I feel down
and like I’m cornered，I have someone I can reach out to and talk to，” he said.“And that’swhat I really love.”
Bryant told Vassell，“Whatever you’ve learned from me，I want you to teach it to
someone else.Because that’s what’s important to me.”
5．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The shift of teens’ life.
B．An introduction of Bryant’s task.
C．Bryant’s challenge as a foster parent.
D．The reason for Bryant’s being a foster parent.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第二段第三、四句可知，第二段的主要内容是Bryant成为养父母
的原因。故选D。
6．How did Bryant’s family feel about his decision?
A．Disappointed. B．Ashamed.
C．Puzzled. D．Embarrassed.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Bryant的家人对他的决定感到不解和困惑，
故选C。
7．What can we know about Vassell from the text?
A．He is now living alone.
B．He was Bryant’s first foster kid.
C．He refused Bryant’s offer at first.
D．He was instructed to pay kindness forward.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，瓦塞尔被教导要继续行善。故选D。
8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To call for social care.
B．To praise Bryant’s deeds.
C．To tell the story of Vassell.
D．To comment on Bryant’s life.
答案 B
解析 写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲的是Guy Bryant收养了50
多个孩子的善举，因此本文的目的是赞美Bryant的事迹。故选B。
C
Half of all work tasks will be handled by machines by 2025 in a shift likely to worsen
inequality，a World Economic Forum report has forecast.The think tank said a “robot revolution” would create 97 million jobs worldwide but
destroy almost as many ， leaving some communities at risk.Routine or manual jobs in
administration and data processing were most at threat of automation，WEF said.But it said there
would be a need for new jobs in care，big data and the green economy.
The WEF surveyed 300 of the world’s biggest companies，with more than 8 million
employees globally.More than 50% of employers surveyed said they expected to speed up the
automation of some roles in their companies，while 43% felt they were likely to cut jobs due to
technology.
WEF said the pandemic(疫情) had sped up the adoption of new technologies as firms looked
to cut costs and adopt new ways of working.But it warned workers now faced a double threat from
“accelerating automation and the economic impact from the COVID-19”．
“These things have deepened existing inequalities across labor markets and removed gains in
employment made since the global financial crisis in 2007－2008，” said Saadia Zahidi，
managing director at WEF.“The window of opportunity for active management of this change is
closing fast.”
WEF said currently around a third of all work tasks were handled by machines，with humans
doing the rest，but by 2025 the balance would shift.Roles that relied on human skills such as
advising ， decision-making ， reasoning ， communicating and interacting would rise in
demand.There would also be a sudden large increase in demand for workers to fill green economy
jobs，and new roles in areas like engineering and cloud computing.
But it said millions of routine or manual jobs would be displaced by technology，affecting the
lowest paid，lowest skilled workers the most.It said millions would need to be re-skilled to cope
with the change，while governments would have to provide “stronger safety nets” for
displaced workers.
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。世界经济论坛的一份报告预测，到2025年，一半的工作任
务将由机器完成，这种转变可能会加剧不平等。
9．Who are included in “some communities” mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．Unskilled workers.
B．Software engineers.
C．Career consultants.
D．Organic farmers.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由第二段第二、三句可知，世界经济论坛指出行政和数据处理方面的常
规或体力工作受自动化的威胁最大。不过护理、大数据和绿色经济领域将出现新的就业岗位，
说明“机器人革命”使非技术工人处于危险之中，让他们失去就业机会，由此可知，somecommunities包含非技术工人。故选A。
10．What is the purpose of Paragraphs 3 and 4?
A．To analyse the reliability of the figures and facts.
B．To provide supporting evidence for the main idea.
C．To introduce two events for discussion.
D．To highlight two causes of the effects.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，世界经济论坛的一份报告预测，到2025年，一半的
工作任务将由机器完成，这种转变可能会加剧不平等，第三段用数据表明“多数雇主希望加
快公司某些职位的自动化进程，裁员，使用机器来工作”，第四段讲“新冠疫情加速了新技
术(机器)的采用”，因此这两段都在为第一段提出的观点提供支持性证据。故选B。
11．What do the displaced people expect their governments to do?
A．Slow down the automation.
B．Strengthen social security.
C．Improve network safety.
D．Promote the Robot Revolution.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句可知，下岗工人希望政府为自己提供“更强大的安
全网”，结合下岗工人无工作、无收入的处境，“更强大的安全网”在此处意为“加强社会
保障”。故选B。
12．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Further Inequalities from the Robot Revolution
B．A Double Threat from Automation and Pandemic
C．Half of All Work Tasks to Be Lost
D．Half of All Work Tasks to Be Automated
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲由于雇主使用机器来工作，人们会失去一些
工作岗位，一半的工作任务将实现自动化。故选D。
