专题08 阅读理解（记叙文）
（一）
（2025·河南安阳·二模）
Vusi Mdoyi, a young boy growing up in a poor township near Johannesburg in the 1980s, was fascinated by
the dance moves he saw around him. The rapid foot taps, complex knee twists, and body shakes came together in a
unique style known as pantsula, a dance form that offered a short moment of joy in the dark days of poverty.
At just 5 years old, Vusi began imitating the dance moves and displayed a precocious talent for it. By 10, he
performed in school festivals. Now, at 44, Vusi is a celebrated dancer and choreographer (编舞者)who has helped
improve pantsula from a street art to a respected global dance form.
In 1998, while still a teenager, Vusi participated in workshops organized by Step Afrika!, a dance company
that combined African American step dancing with traditional African styles. This exposure to international dance
helped Vusi become proud of pantsula, a style that had once been ignored.
Encouraged by that recognition and the passion to make this art form known to more people, Vusi made his
first overseas trip in 2001 to teach pantsula in Britain. Then the following year, he toured internationally with Via
Katlehong, a dance company from his township.
Vusi’s latest dance, “The Tattered Soul of a Worker”, performed in Soweto in 2023, reflects his journey and
the challenges of South African migrant (迁移的) workers. The dancers, dressed in mid-century suits and carrying
beer crates, criticize the capitalist (资本主义的) system that forces workers to endure hardships.
Black South Africans began to take up tap dancing in the 1960s after seeing it in American films. That
eventually developed into pantsula, which started in townships, where Black South Africans were forced to live. In
the 1990s, Vusi and other dancers seized the opportunity to turn their passion into art, forever changing the global
perception of dance from South Africa.
24.What influence did Vusi’s involvement with Step Afrika! have on him?
A．He won widespread acceptance.
B．He discovered new dance techniques.
C．He gained a sense of pride in pantsula.
D．He met international masters in dance.
25.Why did Vusi go on tour in 2002?
A．To make pantsula familiar to more people.
B．To help foreigners perfect their art form.
C．To participate in a dance competition.
D．To add new dance styles to pantsula.
26.What did Vusi’s latest dance imply?
A．The daily struggles of migrant workers.
B．The eventful journey of Vusi to Soweto.
C．The beauty of nature in South Africa.
D．The challenges facing dancers.
27.Which words can best describe Vusi?
A．Determined and considerate.
B．Gifted and responsible.
C．Creative and generous.
D．Passionate and frank.
【答案】24.C 25.A 26.A 27.B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Vusi Mdoyi 与潘祖拉圈舞的故事。
24.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This exposure to international dance helped Vusi become proud of pantsula, a
style that had once been ignored.(这次接触国际舞蹈让Vusi 对曾经被忽视的潘祖拉圈舞风格感到自豪。)”可
知，Vusi 参与Step Afrika!组织的工作室这一经历让她对曾经被忽视的潘祖拉圈舞产生了自豪感。故选C
项。
25.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Encouraged by that recognition and the passion to make this art form known
to more people, Vusi made his first overseas trip in 2001 to teach pantsula in Britain.(受到这种认可和将这一艺术
形式推广给更多人的热情驱使，Vusi 于2001 年首次出国前往英国教授潘祖拉圈舞。)”可知，Vusi 在2002
年进行巡演的目的是让更多人了解潘祖拉圈舞。故选A 项。
26.推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Vusi’s latest dance, “The Tattered Soul of a Worker”, performed in Soweto in
2023, reflects his journey and the challenges of South African migrant (迁移的) workers.(Vusi 最新的舞蹈《工人
的破败灵魂》于2023 年在索韦托上演，反映了他的人生旅程以及南非移民工人的挑战。)”可知，Vusi 的最
新舞蹈反应了他的人生旅程以及南非移民工人的挑战，由此可知，Vusi 的最新舞蹈反映了外来务工人员的
日常挣扎。故选A 项。
27.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At just 5 years old, Vusi began imitating the dance moves and displayed a
precocious talent for it. By 10, he performed in school festivals.(年仅5 岁时，Vusi 开始模仿这些舞蹈动作，并
展现出早熟的天赋。到10 岁时，他已经在学校节日中表演。)”可知，Vusi 具有舞蹈天赋，结合第五段中的
“The dancers, dressed in mid-century suits and carrying beer crates, criticize the capitalist (资本主义的) system
that forces workers to endure hardships.(舞者们身穿上世纪中期的西装，手拿啤酒箱，批判迫使工人忍受艰辛
的资本主义制度。)”可知，Vusi 通过艺术关注社会问题，体现了他具有责任感，综合以上信息可知，Vusi
是一个具有天赋和责任感的人。故选B 项。
（二）
（2025·河南平汝名校·二模）
As the ship pulled away, I considered what would lie before me: the darkening calm of the Beagle Channel,
the scary waves of the Drake Passage, and then glittering (闪闪发光的) Antarctica. This was a journey sparked (触
发) by a school geography project 20 years ago. Cutting out magazine photographs of penguins and whales to stick
on my “All About Antarctica” poster, I felt something burn inside me.
I’d imagined sun-carved vast icebergs, with penguins playing there — it was an ecological heaven, free from
human disturbance. I was on the ship, traveling south and going about my new novel — The Edge of Solitude.
It tells the story of Ivy — a 75-year-old environmental activist. Desperate to regain her reputation, she offers
her services to a billionaire’s Antarctic conservation project. Like mine, Ivy’s journey begins in Ushuaia at the tip
of Argentina. But as Ivy journeys further south, she must wrestle with her ambition and what she owes the natural
world around her. Like me, Ivy encounters the still black water with oily ice suspended below its surface, and the
cracks (爆裂声) of glaciers moving to the shore. Antarctica is far from an untouched heaven.
My final landing was on Deception Island — a natural port, in the morning with thick fog. Along the black-
sand beach, I followed three penguins wandering along the shore. From the blanketing white, structures emerged:
towering boilers and vast tanks for storing blubber (鲸脂) — signs of the whaling industry that existed there in the
first half of the 20th century.
While I was amazed by the sight of penguin colonies, it’s the human aspect of Antarctica — human ambition
and human mistakes — that makes for interesting fiction.
Antarctica will always feel adventurous — the appeal of the sea and the drama of the ice — but it’s also a
place for wrestling with the mistakes of the past, and for weighing our own human desires alongside our capacity of
management. On Deception Island as in the book, Antarctica is a place where everything feels in danger.
24.What initially made the author desire to go to Antarctica?
A．A childhood visit to Deception Island.
B．A proposal from an environmental activist.
C．A school geography project.
D．A magazine about attractive penguins.
25.How did the author most probably feel at the first sight of Antarctica?
A．Excited.
B．Disappointed.
C．Satisfied.
D．Scared.
26.What did the author see on Deception Island?
A．Tanks of the whaling industry.
B．Remains of some white blankets.
C．Abandoned towers from the 1960s.
D．Tourist companies near the beach.
27.In which section of a newspaper does this text most probably appear?
A．Economics.
B．Science.
C．Health.
D．Culture.
【答案】24.C 25.B 26.A 27.D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小就向往南极洲，但作者南极洲之旅时看到的景象如同她在旅行时创
作的新书《孤独的边缘》中描述的一样，令人深思。
24.细节理解题。根据第一段“This was a journey sparked (触发) by a school geography project 20 years ago.(这
是20 年前学校地理项目触发的一次旅行)”可知，20 年前学校的一个地理项目激发了作者对南极洲的向往。
故选C。
25.推理判断题。根据第二段“I’d imagined sun-carved vast icebergs, with penguins playing there — it was an
ecological heaven, free from human disturbance.(我曾想象过被太阳雕刻的巨大冰山，企鹅在那里玩耍——这
是一个没有人为干扰的生态天堂)”以及第三段“Like me, Ivy encounters the still black water with oily ice
suspended below its surface, and the cracks (爆裂声) of glaciers moving to the shore. Antaretica is far from an
untouched heaven.(像我一样，Ivy 遇到了表面下悬浮着油冰的静止的黑水，以及向岸边移动的冰川爆裂声。
南极洲远非一个未受影响的天堂)”可推断，作者原本想象南极洲是一个没有人类干扰的生态天堂，但实际
发现南极洲远非如此，所以作者最可能会感到失望。故选B。
26.细节理解题。根据第四段“From the blanketing white, structures emerged: towering boilers and vast tanks for
storing blubber (鲸脂) — signs of the whaling industry that existed there in the first half of the 20th century.(从覆
盖的白色中，出现了各种结构：高耸的锅炉和巨大的鲸脂储存罐——这是20 世纪上半叶捕鲸业存在的标
志)”可知，作者在Deception Island 看到了用于存储鲸脂的容器。故选A。
27.推理判断题。根据第二段“I was on the ship, traveling south and going about my new novel — The Edge of
Solitude.(我在船上，向南旅行，开始写我的新小说《孤独的边缘》)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了
作者南极洲之旅见到的景象以及她的新书《孤独的边缘》的创作之路，故本文最有可能出自报纸的“文
化”版块。故选D。
（三）
（2025·河南许昌·二模）
On a hot June day in 2015, I retired after 34 years of teaching high school. Then, I drove to meet my new
piano teacher, Mark.
I had worked for more than three decades as a busy English teacher with an endless stream of papers to mark
and precious little time to experiment or learn new skills. I was determined to make up for all I had been missing. I
wanted to finally master the piano and learn how to make music.
I told Mark I had a specific concrete goal: to play Clair de lune by Claude Debussy, a piece I remember
hearing from early childhood.
Determined that there would be a day when I would totally master this piece, I set myself a deadline: I would
perform before a gathering of friends on my 60th birthday. For months I did nothing but furiously ( 猛烈地)
practise. When the day came, around 30 friends and relatives crowded into my dining room to hear me play, and
aside from a few minor slips, I managed to pull it off without embarrassing myself. People clapped warmly. I made
it. I had risen to a challenge, but I still didn't feel that I was really “making music”.
After that, my progress was painfully slow. I had come to hate hearing myself play music badly. I got no
pleasure from the act of missing notes.
I began focusing on what few things I could do: gardening and cycling. I came to understand that I didn't
have to be that man I'd always thought I ought to be. I could just do what feels good. So, after nearly five years of
lessons, I quit.
I still love music; I regularly go out to concerts. But now my piano does nothing more than sit silently in my
dining room, displaying family photos and collecting dust. And I'm perfectly happy with that.
24.Why did the author choose “Clair de lune” as his piano goal after retiring?
A．It was a piece he had always admired since childhood.
B．It was recommended by his piano teacher Mark.
C．It was a simple piece suitable for beginners.
D．It was a popular piece among his friends and relatives.
25.How did the author feel about his piano performance on his 60th birthday?
A．Completely satisfied and proud.
B．Somewhat disappointed but still pleased.
C．Very embarrassed and ashamed.
D．Indifferent and uninterested.
26.What change did the author make in his life after struggling with piano learning?
A．He gave up piano lessons and focused on other hobbies.
B．He continued to practice piano with more determination.
C．He started taking more music-related courses.
D．He became a concert pianist and performed regularly.
27.What main realization did the author have about his piano journey?
A．He realized he had a natural talent for piano.
B．He discovered the importance of perseverance.
C．He found fulfillment in the process, not just the outcome.
D．He acknowledged limitations and moved on.
【答案】24.A 25.B 26.A 27.D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从最初对钢琴技艺的执着追求，到随后的放下，最终在园艺和
骑行中获得满足的故事。
24.细节理解题。根据第三段“I told Mark I had a specific concrete goal: to play Clair de lune by Claude
Debussy, apiece I remember hearing from early childhood.(我告诉马克我有一个具体明确的目标：演奏克劳德•
德彪西的《月光》，这是一首我记得从小就听过的曲子)” 可知，作者选择《月光》作为退休后的钢琴目
标，是因为这是他从小就欣赏的曲子。故选A。
25.推理判断题。根据第四段“When the day came, around 30friends and relatives crowded into my dining room
to hear me play, and aside from a few minor slips, I managed to pull it off without embarrassing myself. People
clapped warmly. I made it.(当那一天到来时，大约 30 位朋友和亲戚挤进了我的餐厅听我演奏，除了几个小
失误外，我成功地完成了演奏，没有让自己难堪。人们热烈地鼓掌。我做到了)” 可知，作者在60 岁生日
那天的钢琴表演虽然有些小失误，但总体上还是成功的，并且得到了人们的热烈掌声，因此作者应该是感
到有些满意但仍然有些失望 (因为有小失误) 。故选B。
26.细节理解题。根据第六段“I began focusing on what few things I could do: gardening and cycling.(我开始专
注于我能做的少数几件事：园艺和骑自行车)” 以及“So, after nearly five years of lessons, I quit.(所以，在上
了近五年的课后, 我放弃了)”可知，作者在努力学习钢琴近五年后，选择了放弃，并开始专注于其他爱
好。故选A。
27.推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是最后一段“I still love music; I regularly go out to concerts. But now
my piano does nothing more than sit silently in my dining room, dis-playing family photos and collecting dust. And
I'm perfectly happy with that.(我仍然热爱音乐；我经常去听音乐会。但现在我的钢琴只是静静地放在餐厅
里，展示着家庭照片并积着灰尘。而我对此非常满意)”可知，作者认识到了自己在钢琴方面的局限，并决
定放弃，将时间和精力投入到其他兴趣和爱好上，这体现了作者对自己能力的清醒认识和对未来的积极规
划。因此，作者对学习钢琴这一经历的主要认识是认识到了自己的局限并继续前进。故D。
（四）
（2025·河南南阳完全学校·二模）
It’s hard to imagine that Mohamed Jihad, a young man from Egypt, could perform a traditional Chinese
tongue twister in a fluent way.
When Mohamed was choosing his university major, he initially considered English. But his mother offered
different advice:“You’ve known English since young. Almost everything is made in China, so choosing Chinese
should be very helpful.”
Thanks to his mother’s wisdom, Mohamed embarked on his journey of learning Chinese. He graduated from
Ain Shams University in Egypt with a degree in Chinese in 2019, and then pursued his master’s degree in
broadcasting and anchoring (主持) from the Communication University of China.
When Mohamed first began his study in China, he felt confused—— what is the lower abdomen(dantian)?
How does one sink qi to dantian? He practiced opening his voice and reciting tongue twisters. Soon, his
classmates were astonished to find he had become the best Chinese speaker in the class.
After graduation, Mohamed became a foreign expert at the China International Communication Group,
focusing on the spread of Chinese culture. After learning the operating model of shared bikes in China, Mohamed
shared his thoughts on how Egypt could emulate this on his Facebook account, tagging EMOT (Egyptian Minister
of Transport). Two days later, he saw the official account of EMOT reposting his thoughts, commenting, “Great
idea, looking forward to implementation.” A year later, Egypt’s capital began carrying out the“Cairo Bike” sharing
project as a pilot for addressing traffic congestion issues.
In July 2023, when Mohamed graduated from the Communication University, he wore Egyptian pharaoh
clothing to receive his certificate on stage. The photo of him wearing the pharaoh clothing soon went viral. Many
Chinese began to learn about Egypt and the pharaoh clothing. This gave Mohamed the chance to tell Egyptian
stories to Chinese audiences and he subsequently changed the name of his Chinese social media account to
the“Egyptian Pharaoh”.
Mohamed is still working to build a bridge that allows Egyptians to better understand China. “If I can be this
bridge, it would be a great honor.” said Mohamed.
24.Why did Mohamed begin his journey of learning Chinese?
A．Because of his interest in traditional Chinese culture.
B．Due to his mother’s belief that Chinese is beneficial.
C．On account of the requirement for his master’s degree.
D．Owing to his desire to perform Chinese tongue twisters.
25.How did Mohamed improve his Chinese?
A．Through voice practice and tongue twisters.
B．By spending time with Egyptian classmates.
C．Through communication with Chinese peers.
D．By distinguishing the lower abdomen from qi.
26.What does the underlined word“emulate” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Criticize.
B．Ignore.
C．Praise.
D．Copy.
27.Which would be the best title for the text?
A．Cairo Bike: A Successful Egyptian Project
B．Tongue Twister: An Egyptian’s Path to Fluency
C．Egyptian Pharaoh: Spreading Egyptian Culture to the World
D．Mohamed Jihad: Building Bridges Between China and Egypt
【答案】24.B 25.A 26.D 27.D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了埃及人穆罕默德
吉哈德学习中文、在中国求学及毕业后工作的经
・
历，包括听从母亲建议选中文专业，在中国克服学习困难成为优秀汉语演讲者，毕业后传播中国文化、分
享经验推动埃及借鉴中国共享单车模式，以及因毕业照走红更改社交媒体账号名讲述埃及故事等。重点突
出他致力于搭建中埃相互了解的桥梁这一内容。
24.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Almost everything is made in China, so choosing Chinese should be very
helpful.(几乎所有东西都是中国制造，所以选择中文应该会很有帮助。)”可知，穆罕默德开始学习中文是因
为他母亲相信汉语是有益的。故选B 项。
25.细节理解题。根据第四段中“He practiced opening his voice and reciting tongue twisters. Soon, his
classmates were astonished to find he had become the best Chinese speaker in the class.( 他练习打开声音，背诵
绕口令。很快，他的同学惊讶地发现他已经成为班上说中文最好的人。)”可知，穆罕默德是通过发音练习
和绕口令来提高他的汉语水平的。故选A 项。
26.词义猜测题。根据第五段的“Two days later, he saw the official account of EMOT reposting his thoughts,
commenting, “Great idea, looking forward to implementation.” A year later, Egypt’s capital began carrying out the
“Cairo Bike” sharing project as a pilot for addressing traffic congestion issues.( 两天后，他看到EMOT 的公众
号转发了他的想法，并评论说：“好主意，期待实现。”一年后，埃及首都开始实施“开罗自行车”共享
项目，作为解决交通拥堵问题的试点。)”可知，画线句子表示：在了解了中国共享单车的运营模式后，穆
罕默德在他的Facebook 账户上分享了他对埃及如何效仿这一模式的想法，并标记了EMOT（埃及交通部
长）。故画线单词emulate 为“效仿”的意思，结合选项D 项Copy“模仿，效仿”意思一致。故选D 项。
27.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段提出穆罕默德来自埃及，却能流利地表演绕口令，吸引读者兴趣；
第二至四段简介穆罕默德的中文求学历程；第五段中，穆罕默德致力于传播中国文化，并将中国的共享单
车运行模式通过网络介绍给埃及交通部，促成了开罗共享单车项目；第六段中，穆罕默德让更多中国人了
解了埃及和法老服饰。再结合最后一段，全文体现穆罕默德在中国和埃及之间的桥梁作用。故文章最好的
标题是“穆罕默德·吉哈德：在中国和埃及之间架起桥梁”。故选 D。
（五）
（2025·河南湘豫名校联考·二模）
I grew up in Dunellen, New Jersey, a suburb 30 miles from New York City. Both of my parents ran track, but
they never pressured me. From an early age, I loved to run.
Then I began competing, and something else took hold of me. A need not just to run but to win. On the way
to a race when I was seven, I told my dad I was terrified of losing. “If that happens,” he said calmly, “we’ll get
some food and go home.” His message didn’t sink in. The more I raced, the more I won. And the more I won, the
more fear took over. What if I didn’t win the next time?
Junior year of high school, I ran so well and I made it to the 2016 U.S. Olympic trials in Eugene, Oregon.
Before my first heat, I looked at the runners warming up around me. They were confident women with well-
designed race strategies. I was a timid 16-year-old girl. I’d never felt so undeserving.
I was so scared, so I called my dad. “Can I please pull out?” I begged. “You’re already there, Syd,” he said.
“Just get the experience.” At the starting line, my competitive instinct kicked in. I won that heat and the next. In the
final, I finished third, grabbing the last spot on the Rio Olympic team. I felt relief that the race was over. Then
panic.
I made the semifinals of the 400-meter hurdles in Rio. Partway through my semifinal, my will to win left me.
Instead of my usual surge in the last seconds, I let up. My Olympics were over.
The fear I’d been giving in to was a trap. It stole one of the great seasons of my life. It told me, If you can’t
be perfect, why even try?
Blessings can become burdens if you let fear control you. Had I known then what I know now, I would have
run for the pleasure of running.
24.What did the author’s father do to reduce her fear when she was seven?
A．Encouraging her to win.
B．Offering to buy her food.
C．Implying the outcome was not that important. D．Suggesting she should focus on the competition.
25.How did the author’s fear influence the Olympic trials?
A．She withdrew from the trials due to overwhelming fear.
B．Her fear motivated her to design a winning race strategy.
C．Her fear drove her competitive instinct securing a place.
D．She decided to focus on her experience rather than the outcome.
26.What can be inferred about the author’s performance at the Rio Olympics?
A．She secured a gold medal after a strong finish.
B．She advanced to the finals and competed for the top positions.
C．She did not complete the semifinal due to an unexpected incident.
D．She finished her Olympic semifinals without reaching the finals.
27.What can be learned from the passage?
A．Fear can be a motivator.
B．Winning is everything in sports.
C．Perfection is unattainable.
D．Fear can weaken one’s potential.
【答案】24.C 25.C 26.D 27.D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者通过自己的亲身经历探讨了恐惧如何从童年影响她的跑步生涯，以
及这种恐惧如何在她参加2016 年美国奥运选拔赛和里约奥运会时达到顶峰，却最终导致她失去了比赛的动
力和潜力。
24.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On the way to a race when I was seven, I told my dad I was terrified of
losing. “If that happens, ” he said calmly, “we’ll get some food and go home. ”(在我七岁去参加一场比赛的路
上，我告诉爸爸我非常害怕输。“如果真的输了，”他平静地说，“我们就去吃点东西，然后回家。”)”
可知，当作者七岁时在去比赛的路上表示害怕输，作者的父亲平静地说如果输了就去吃点东西然后回家。
由此可知，作者七岁时父亲为了减轻她的恐惧暗示结果并不是那么重要。故选C。
25.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I was so scared, so I called my dad. “Can I please pull out? ” I begged.
“You’re already there, Syd, ” he said. “Just get the experience. ”At the starting line, my competitive instinct kicked
in. I won that heat and the next. In the final, I finished third, grabbing the last spot on the Rio Olympic team. I felt
relief that the race was over. Then panic.(我非常害怕，于是给爸爸打了电话。“我能不能退赛啊？”我央求
道。“你都已经到那儿了，Syd，”他说，“就当是积累经验吧。”在起跑线上，我的竞争本能被激发了
出来。我赢下了那场预赛，接着又赢了下一场。在决赛中，我获得了第三名，拿到了去里约奥运会参赛的
最后一个名额。比赛结束时，我感到如释重负。但随后又陷入了恐慌。)”可知，作者虽然害怕，但这种恐
惧激发了她的竞争本能，让她赢得了预赛，并在决赛中获得第三名，获得了参加里约奥运会的资格。由此
可知，作者的恐惧激发了她的竞争本能，使她获得了参加奥运会的资格。故选C。
26.推理判断题。根据文章第五段“I made the semifinals of the 400-meter hurdles in Rio. Partway through my
semifinal, my will to win left me. Instead of my usual surge in the last seconds, I let up. My Olympics were over.
(在里约奥运会上，我进入了400 米跨栏的半决赛。在半决赛进行到一半的时候，我想要赢的意志消失了。
在最后的几秒里，我没有像往常那样奋力冲刺，而是放松了下来。我的奥运之旅就这样结束了。)”可知，
作者进入了里约奥运会400 米跨栏的半决赛。在半决赛进行到一半的时候，她想赢的意志消失了，在最后
几秒没有像往常一样冲刺，而是放松了下来，她的奥运之旅就此结束。也就是说，作者完成了奥运会半决
赛但没有进入决赛。故选D。
27.推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章讲述了作者从热爱跑步到参加比赛，对失败的恐惧逐渐占据内
心。在奥运会选拔赛时，恐惧激发了她的竞争本能让她取得了好成绩；但在里约奥运会半决赛时，恐惧使
她失去了求胜的意志，没能发挥出正常水平，导致奥运之旅提前结束，由此可知，恐惧削弱了她的潜力。
故选D。
（六）
（2025·河南开封市等3 地·二模）
On a Monday morning in Ngwenyameni, a village in Eswatini, eight daughters of local cattle herders at
Techno Friends wait eagerly at their desks. Outside, cattle graze( 吃草)across the rolling hills and the voices of
herdsmen are a distant soundtrack. But inside, the learners are far removed from their rural surroundings. Standing
in front of a big screen displaying a live feed, teacher Bongekile Shiba addresses her students, some of whom
nervously press the keyboards on their donated laptops. “Today, we’re going to learn about computer coding. Have
any of you heard of it before? Computer coding is a way of giving instructions to a computer, so it can perform
specific tasks. It’s like giving a recipe to a chef, so they know how to make a dish,” Ms Shiba explains.
So begins a typical session as Ms Shiba brings critical modern skills to a community where poverty and
cultural attitudes drive many girls out of education long before they reach college. In Eswatini, a tiny landlocked
country in southern Africa, around 80% of girls enroll in primary school. But that number drops to just 1 in 2 when
it comes to university.
In 2020, Ms Shiba began giving free coding and programming lessons to a small group of students via
Zoom. Techno Friends was born, nurtured by a belief that the earlier girls start polishing a skill, the better. Children
as young as first grade now take part in the classes. “Successful swimmers, athletes, soccer stars, and programmers
started working on their crafts early in life,” says Ms Shiba. “By increasing the representation of girls in AI, we can
create a more diverse and inclusive field that better reflects the needs and perspectives of the entire population.”
Ms Shiba has big plans on the horizon: an attitude she hopes will also serve as a model for her own students.
Eventually, she says, her goal is to build a technology park with a robotics laboratory, the first in the country.
24.How does Ms Shiba explain computer coding to the girls?
A．By giving a definition.
B．By telling an interesting story.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By analyzing abstract theories.
25.What idea is behind the organization of Techno Friends?
A．Girls learn AI for the benefit of people. B．Girls work as models on digital platforms.
C．Girls can be successful professionals in life.
D．Girls need to learn a skill at an earlier time.
26.What is Ms Shiba’s long-term aim?
A．To expand the scale of Techno Friends.
B．To improve the educational level of Eswatini.
C．To increase the proportion of girls in all fields of science.
D．To create the first-ever national technology park with a robotics lab.
27.What is the best title for the text?
A．Techno Friends works for African girls.
B．Tech education changes the Africans’ life.
C．Cattle herders’ daughters learn computer coding.
D．Coding skills are ready for girls to keep cattle.
【答案】24.C 25.D 26.D 27.C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在非洲斯威士兰的 Ngwenyameni 村，当地牧民的女儿们在
Bongekile Shiba 老师的教导下学习计算机编码。
24.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Computer coding is a way of giving instructions to a computer, so it can
perform specific tasks. It’s like giving a recipe to a chef, so they know how to make a dish,” Ms Shiba explains.(
计算机编码是向计算机发出指令的一种方式，因此它可以执行特定的任务。这就像把食谱交给厨师，让他
们知道如何做一道菜，” Shiba 解释道。)”可知，Ms Shiba 把计算机编码比作给厨师一个食谱，通过这种
比较来解释计算机编码，是在进行类比。故选C 项。
25.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Techno Friends was born, nurtured by a belief that the earlier girls start
polishing a skill, the better.( Techno Friends 诞生于这样一种信念：女孩越早开始打磨一项技能，就越好。)”
可知，Techno Friends 组织背后的理念是女孩们开始打磨一项技能的时间越早越好，也就是女孩们需要在更
早的时候学习一项技能。故选D 项。
26.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Eventually, she says, her goal is to build a technology park with a robotics
laboratory, the first in the country.( 她说，她的最终目标是建立一个拥有机器人实验室的科技园，这在全国
是第一个。)”可知，Ms Shiba 的长期目标是建立一个拥有机器人实验室的科技园区，这是该国的第一个。
故选D 项。
27.主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“On a Monday morning in Ngwenyameni, a village in Eswatini,
eight daughters of local cattle herders at Techno Friends wait eagerly at their desks. Outside, cattle graze(吃
草)across the rolling hills and the voices of herdsmen are a distant soundtrack. But inside, the learners are far
removed from their rural surroundings. Standing in front of a big screen displaying a live feed, teacher Bongekile
Shiba addresses her students, some of whom nervously press the keyboards on their donated laptops. “Today, we’re
going to learn about computer coding. Have any of you heard of it before? Computer coding is a way of giving
instructions to a computer, so it can perform specific tasks.( 一个周一的早晨，在斯瓦蒂尼的恩格温亚梅尼村，
Techno Friends 公司当地牧牛人的八个女儿正焦急地等待在她们的办公桌前。屋外，牛群在起伏的山丘上吃
草，远处传来牧人的说话声。但在学校里，学生们与农村环境相去甚远。站在一个大屏幕前，Shiba 老师
正在向她的学生讲话，其中一些学生紧张地按着他们捐赠的笔记本电脑的键盘。“今天，我们要学习计算
机编程。你们有人听说过吗？计算机编码是向计算机发出指令的一种方式，因此它可以执行特定的任
务。)”可知，文章主要讲的是在非洲斯威士兰的 Ngwenyameni 村，当地牧民的女儿们在Bongekile Shiba
老师的教导下学习计算机编码。故文章最好的标题是“牧民的女儿学习计算机编码。”故选C 项。
（七）
（2025·河南信阳高级中学·二模）
It is the workshop of Gan Erke, a master of Chinese lacquerware ( 漆器) and inheritor of the Huizhou
lacquerware decoration technique a national-level intangible cultural heritage. Gan devoted his life to creating
delicate lacquerware pieces while reviving some elements of the craft that were close to being lost. He aims to
promote this ancient art form to new heights while preserving its essence and maintaining China’s world-class
standards.
Lacquerware, an ancient decorative technique, involves coating objects with natural juice from lacquer trees.
China is considered its birthplace, as evidenced by findings from the Jingtoushan site in East China’s Zhejiang
province, revealing that ancient Chinese were among the first to apply lacquer tree sap some 8, 000 years ago.
Creating lacquerware demands patience and preciseness. A single piece requires at least three to four months,
or even a year, to complete. The process involves multiple steps —forming the base, sanding, applying coats of
colored lacquer, drying, repeating lacquer coats, and drying dozens of times, followed by sanding the finish,
buffing, and polishing—resulting in a brilliant surface with dynamic patterns in contrasting shades.
Gan’s journey began at a local arts and crafts factory from 1979 to 1986, where he gained deep insights into
the glowing craft’s heritage. He found that although it originated in China, a concerning gap exists between China’s
traditional lacquer techniques and contemporary works, particularly compared to Japan’s modern lacquer mastery.
This realization inspired Gan to conduct deep research. “Made-in-China lacquerware should stand equal to, if not
surpass, any other lacquerware globally, ” Gan says.
Determined to glorify Chinese lacquerware to its deserved reputation, Gan embarked on an artistic quest.
The 20-character depiction that guided Gan states: “There are patterns like floating clouds, round flowers, and
overlapping pine bark textures. There are pieces with a glossy red surface, pursued as the beauty of extreme
smoothness. ”Gan recalls his early efforts to create an antique-style ink stone box based on ancient texts: “I knew
what I needed to achieve, but the path was unclear. Each failed attempt meant grinding off the surface and
repainting countless times.”
24.What can be inferred from the creation of lacquerware?
A．The early bird catches the worm.
B．Better late than never.
C．Strike while the iron is hot.
D．Haste means waste.
25.What is Gan’s attitude towards lacquerware?
A．He hardly relied on ancient techniques to make lacquerware.
B．He was frustrated with the lack of innovation in Chinese lacquerware.
C．He thought the techniques used in China were already the best.
D．He dedicated himself to creating decorative pieces without traditions.
26.Which of the following words can best describe Gan?
A．modest.
B．Open-minded.
C．Dedicated.
D．Conservative.
27.What is the purpose of this passage?
A．To explain the detailed steps in creating lacquerware.
B．To showcase Gan’s journey with Chinese heritage and his efforts.
C．To highlight the gap between traditional and modern lacquerware.
D．To introduce the importance of Chinese lacquerware.
【答案】24.D 25.B 26.C 27.B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国漆器大师甘而可致力于中国漆器制作，在复兴这项接近失传的技艺
的同时，努力将这一古老艺术形式推向新高度的故事。
24.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Creating lacquerware demands patience and preciseness. A single piece
requires at least three to four months, or even a year, to complete.(制作漆器需要耐心和精确性。一件漆器至少
需要三到四个月，甚至一年的时间才能完成)”可知一件漆器至少需要三到四个月，甚至一年的时间才能完
成，可推理出制作漆器不能急于求成，D 项“Haste means waste(欲速则不达)”表达的含义符合语境。故选
D 项。
25.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“He found that although it originated in China, a concerning gap exists
between China’s traditional lacquer techniques and contemporary works, particularly compared to Japan’s modern
lacquer mastery. This realization inspired Gan to conduct deep research.(他发现，虽然漆器起源于中国，但中国
传统漆器技艺与当代作品之间存在着令人担忧的差距，特别是与日本现代漆器技艺相比。这一认识促使甘
进行深入研究)”可知中国传统漆器技艺与当代作品之间存在着令人担忧的差距，特别是与日本现代漆器技
艺相比，可推理出甘对中国漆器缺乏创新感到沮丧。故选B 项。
26.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Gan devoted his life to creating delicate lacquerware pieces while reviving
some elements of the craft that were close to being lost. He aims to promote this ancient art form to new heights
while preserving its essence and maintaining China’s world - class standards(甘一生致力于制作精美的漆器作
品，同时复兴一些濒临失传的工艺元素。他的目标是在保留其精髓和保持中国世界级水平的同时，将这一
古老的艺术形式推向新的高度)”可知甘一生致力于制作精美的漆器作品，打算在保留其精髓和保持中国世
界级水平的同时，将这一古老的艺术形式推向新的高度，可推理出甘致力于漆器制作，是一个有奉献精神
的人。故选C 项。
27.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Gan devoted his life to creating delicate lacquerware pieces while reviving
some elements of the craft that were close to being lost. He aims to promote this ancient art form to new heights
while preserving its essence and maintaining China’s world - class standards(甘一生致力于制作精美的漆器作
品，同时复兴一些濒临失传的工艺元素。他的目标是在保留其精髓和保持中国世界级水平的同时，将这一
古老的艺术形式推向新的高度)”、第四段“He found that although it originated in China, a concerning gap
exists between China’s traditional lacquer techniques and contemporary works, particularly compared to Japan’s
modern lacquer mastery. This realization inspired Gan to conduct deep research.(他发现，虽然漆器起源于中
国，但中国传统漆器技艺与当代作品之间存在着令人担忧的差距，特别是与日本现代漆器技艺相比。这一
认识促使甘进行深入研究)”以及最后一段“Determined to glorify Chinese lacquerware to its deserved
reputation, Gan embarked on an artistic quest (甘决定将中国的漆器工艺发扬光大，开启了自己的艺术探索之
旅)”可知文章讲述了甘而可在漆器制作方面的经历，包括他对中国传统漆器技艺与当代作品之间差距的认
识，以及他为复兴和推广漆器所做的努力，所以这篇文章的目的是展示甘而可与中国传统技艺的历程和他
所做的努力。故选B 项。
（八）
（2025·河南郑州·二模）
Duncan Jurman became interested in butterflies when he was around 5 years old. He noticed a couple of
caterpillars (毛虫) in his backyard and was attracted by the different ways that caterpillars can disguise ( 伪装)
themselves to stay safe in potentially dangerous surroundings. From there, he started to learn more about
caterpillars and butterflies.
Jurman believes that butterflies play a crucial role in our ecosystems. They’re very low on the food web, so
they support a lot of different species that rely on them. They’re an indicator species for the health of the
environment. Once they disappear, everything else is soon to follow.
Jurman’s goal is to transform the landscape of Florida’s Broward County by turning a weedy suburb into a
lively butterfly reserve at a time when insect populations are decreasing quickly worldwide. Jurman believes that
every flower planted is a potential home and source of food for caterpillars and butterflies. He eventually developed
a butterfly-friendly garden in his backyard by researching the different plants that butterflies prefer. He has already
raised and released more than 5,000 butterflies from his garden.
Jurman also launched the Bring Butterflies Back campaign to educate people about butterflies and invite
them to join his cause of protecting butterflies. He said that a lot of people are surprised to learn that insects are
declining at such an alarming rate, largely because the decline has been so gradual. This phenomenon helps to
explain why people are unwilling to take meaningful actions to save the environment.
In 2018, Jurman helped to build a butterfly garden at his high school. The garden has had a regenerative
effect on the surrounding environment-birds, native lizards, and other insects have returned in great numbers. Other
schools have been inspired to start gardens. “I don’t know if we can ever reach the point that we were once at with
butterflies, but I think that if everyone gets involved and starts their own garden, they can make their own impact,”
Jurman said.
24.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．The food chain of insects.
B．The competition between species.
C．The potential danger to butterflies.
D．The vital role of butterflies in nature.
25.Why did Jurman create a butterfly-friendly garden?
A．To teach people about butterflies.
B．To study butterflies’ favorite plants.
C．To increase the number of butterflies.
D．To improve the beauty of his backyard.
26.Which shows the phenomenon mentioned in the text?
A．People’s unawareness of environmental changes.
B．The impact of human activities on insect habitats.
C．The rapid decline of butterfly populations worldwide.
D．The process of transforming natural landscapes into reserves.
27.What can be inferred from Jurman’s words in the last paragraph?
A．More gardens are built to increase the number of other insects.
B．Jurman is pessimistic about the future of the butterfly population.
C．It’s impossible to restore the butterfly population to their previous levels.
D．People’s joint efforts can have a great impact on the butterfly population.
【答案】24.D 25.C 26.A 27.D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Duncan Jurman 从小对蝴蝶产生兴趣，并通过创建蝴蝶友好型花
园、发起保护蝴蝶运动，努力增加蝴蝶数量并提高人们对环境保护的意识。
24.主旨大意题。根据第二段“Jurman believes that butterflies play a crucial role in our ecosystems. They’re very
low on the food web, so they support a lot of different species that rely on them. They’re an indicator species for
the health of the environment. Once they disappear, everything else is soon to follow. (Jurman 认为蝴蝶在我们的
生态系统中扮演着关键角色。它们在食物链中处于很低的位置，因此它们支持许多依赖它们的不同物种。
它们是环境健康的指示物种。一旦它们消失，其他物种也将很快随之消失)”可知，这一段主要讲述了蝴蝶
在自然中的重要作用，故选D 项。
25.细节理解题。根据第三段“Jurman believes that every flower planted is a potential home and source of food
for caterpillars and butterflies. He eventually developed a butterfly-friendly garden in his backyard by researching
the different plants that butterflies prefer. He has already raised and released more than 5,000 butterflies from his
garden. (Jurman 认为每一朵种植的花都是毛虫和蝴蝶的潜在栖息地和食物来源。他通过研究蝴蝶偏好的不
同植物，在后院开发了一个蝴蝶友好型花园。他已经在花园中养育并释放了超过5000 只蝴蝶)”可知，他创
建蝴蝶友好型花园的目的是增加蝴蝶的数量，故选C 项。
26.推理判断题。根据第四段“He said that a lot of people are surprised to learn that insects are declining at such
an alarming rate, largely because the decline has been so gradual. This phenomenon helps to explain why people
are unwilling to take meaningful actions to save the environment. (他说，许多人惊讶地发现昆虫数量以如此惊
人的速度下降，主要是因为这种下降是逐渐发生的。这种现象有助于解释为什么人们不愿意采取有意义的
行动来拯救环境)”可知，文中提到的现象是人们对环境变化缺乏意识，故选A 项。
27.推理判断题。根据最后一段“I don’t know if we can ever reach the point that we were once at with
butterflies, but I think that if everyone gets involved and starts their own garden, they can make their own impact
(我不知道我们是否能够再次达到曾经的蝴蝶数量水平，但我认为如果每个人都能参与进来并开始自己的花
园，他们可以产生自己的影响。)”可知，Jurman 认为人们的共同努力可以对蝴蝶的数量产生重大影响，故
选D 项。
（九）
（2025·河南郑州市中原区郑州中学·二模）
For three decades, Camilleri, a Canadian fashion designer, had made a name for herself dressing A-listers.
Her beautiful, delicate styles from leather, to evening wear, to custom other showed in the covers of the hottest
magazines.
But when Turnbull — a well-known journalist and wheelchair user since a terrible accident left her
quadriplegic (四肢瘫痪者)in 1983 — approached her to design stylish, comfortable clothes to fit her body through
the seasons, Camilleri realized her real calling was to help bring fashion to a completely under-served community.
“I had no idea that someone in a chair had any different clothing needs than you or I,” says the designer. “The
world was my market because nobody had ever done this before.” In 2004 Camilleri opened a boutique (精品店)
specially for people who use wheelchairs.
“Everything we do, the starting point is from a seated frame. So what happens when you’re sitting? What
happens to the clothes? Where are they getting together?” Camilleri explains. “We literally had to recreate the
patterns to accommodate a seated frame.”
Her custom creations have changed lives. Winkelaar has been in a wheelchair since a car accident two weeks
before his fourth birthday. Until he met Camilleri, he lacked confidence in his appearance and was afraid of
entering the clothing stores because he had trouble finding trousers that fit properly. Salah has spastic cerebral palsy
(痉挛性脑瘫). She says clothing stores are always daunting places full of pieces out of reach. Salah says she
carries herself differently now and she is more confident in her appearance. Being able to have access to
fashionable functional clothing gives her a lot of dignity.
“Camilleri’s pieces are now part of an exhibit at the Royal Ontario Museum, and her success in a new rare
market has not gone unnoticed in the mainstream fashion world. She is a truly brilliant technician. She puts fashion
and confidence within reach of the disabled,” Canadian television personality and fashion critic Jeanne Beker says.
24.What drives Camilleri to open a boutique?
A．Seeking fame.
B．Making a profit.
C．Providing service.
D．Meeting a challenge.
25.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “daunting” in paragraph 4?
A．Inspiring.
B．Frightening.
C．Striking.
D．Comforting.
26.What message does Beker want to convey in the last paragraph?
A．Camilleri is a highly original thinker.
B．Camilleri is a productive market advisor.
C．Camilleri is a critical technician leader.
D．Camilleri is a successful fashion innovator.
27.Which of the following can best describe Camilleri?
A．Caring and visionary.
B．Ambitious and hardworking.
C．Creative and stubborn.
D．Determined and conventional.
【答案】24.C 25.B 26.D 27.A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了加拿大时装设计师卡米列里为四肢瘫痪者等行动不便者设计时尚舒
适的衣服，并开设精品店，改变了他们的生活，在主流时尚界也获得了认可。
24.推理判断题。根据第二段“But when Turnbull — a well-known journalist and wheelchair user since a terrible
accident left her quadriplegic (四肢瘫痪者) in 1983 — approached her to design stylish, comfortable clothes to fit
her body through the seasons, Camilleri realized her real calling was to help bring fashion to a completely under-
served community.(但是，当特恩布尔——一位著名的记者，自1983 年一场可怕的事故导致她四肢瘫痪后一
直使用轮椅——找到她，让她设计时尚、舒适的衣服，以适应她一年四季的身体变化时，卡米列里意识到
她真正的使命是帮助把时尚带给一个完全没有得到充分服务的群体。)”可知，是特恩布尔让卡米列里意识
到了四肢瘫痪者等行动不便者对服装有特殊需求，并且这个市场是空白的，所以她决定为他们提供服务，
开一家精品店。故选C。
25.词句猜测题。根据上文“Salah has spastic cerebral palsy (痉挛性脑瘫).(萨拉(Salah)患有痉挛性脑瘫。)”和
下文“Salah says she carries herself differently now and she is more confident in her appearance. Being able to
have access to fashionable functional clothing gives her a lot of dignity.( 萨拉表示，现在的她举止不同了，对
自己的外表也更有自信。能够穿上既时尚又实用的衣服，让她感受到了极大的尊严。”)”可知，之前服装
店总是Salah 她感到畏惧，因为那里的衣服总是高高挂起，遥不可及。由此可知，daunting 意为“令人畏惧
的，令人害怕的”。故选B。
26.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Camilleri’s pieces are now part of an exhibit at the Royal Ontario Museum, and
her success in a new rare market has not gone unnoticed in the mainstream fashion world. She is a truly brilliant
technician. She puts fashion and confidence within reach of the disabled.(卡米列里的作品现在是安大略皇家博
物馆展览的一部分，她在新的稀有市场上的成功在主流时尚界也并非没有被注意到。她是一位真正才华横
溢的技术人员。她让残疾人也能够接触到时尚和自信。)”可知，贝克尔想表达的是卡米列里在时尚界取得
了成功，是一位成功的时尚创新者。故选D。
27.推理判断题。根据第二段“But when Turnbull — a well-known journalist and wheelchair user since a terrible
accident left her quadriplegic (四肢瘫痪者) in 1983 — approached her to design stylish, comfortable clothes to fit
her body through the seasons, Camilleri realized her real calling was to help bring fashion to a completely under-
served community.(但当特恩布尔Turnbull)——一位自1983 年一场可怕的事故导致她四肢瘫痪后便一直使用
轮椅的知名记者——找到卡米莱里，希望她能为自己设计一些既时尚又舒适、能适应四季变化的衣服时，
卡米莱里意识到自己真正的使命是帮助这个长期被忽视的群体接触时尚。)”以及“In 2004 Camilleri opened
a boutique (精品店) specially for people who use wheelchairs.( 2004 年，卡米莱里开了一家精品店，专门为使
用轮椅的人服务。)”可知，她为四肢瘫痪者等行动不便者设计时尚舒适的衣服，并开设精品店，改变了他
们的生活，由此可知，她是一个有爱心的人；根据第二段“The world was my market because nobody had
ever done this before.(整个世界都是我的市场，因为从来没有人做过这件事。)”可知，她看到了这个市场是
空白的，所以她决定开一家精品店，这说明她是一个有远见的人。故选A。
