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雅思阅读每日一句长难句Day50|剑雅真题答案句分析
雅思阅读每日一句
对于雅思阅读来说长难句的理解是至关重要的，也是大多数学生为之烦恼的。工作室整理每日一句的初衷就是和帮助大家一起利用碎片时间解析长难句，为翻译题目和理解答案句打好基础。
怎样做每日一句：先对着英文句子尽量自己翻译，然后再看中文释义，如果和自己翻译的差不多一致则后面的可以大致看看或略过，若不一致或翻译不出来则细心看后面的内容详解或评论区留言～
注：所有的长难句都来自剑雅真题
Day50
词汇｜语法｜解析｜每日一练
Despite having little more than a rudimentary understanding of the chemistry involved — and despite his professor's dismissive assessment that the black sludge clogging his flask was nothing but a worthless residue — the eighteen-year-old Perkin persisted with his experiments, convinced that his failure to synthesise quinine must be due to impurities in the raw materials rather than to any flaw in his reasoning, a determination that ultimately led him to discover the first commercially viable synthetic dye.
思考：
这个句子怎么翻译？
内容详解
1
翻译
尽管对其中涉及的化学原理只有近乎粗浅的了解——也尽管他的教授不屑地断言，堵住烧瓶的黑色黏稠物不过是一文不值的残渣——这位十八岁的珀金仍坚持实验，坚信自己未能合成奎宁必定是原料中的杂质所致，而非推理过程存在缺陷；正是这份执着，最终引领他发现了第一种在商业上可行的合成染料。
2
分析
句子主干
the eighteen-year-old Perkin persisted with his experiments
主语 Perkin + 谓语 persisted with + 宾语 his experiments；全句为一个简单句，其余皆为让步状语、插入语与补充说明
结构拆解
① Despite having little more than a rudimentary understanding of the chemistry involved 为介词 + 动名词构成的让步状语
② 破折号平行的第二个让步状语 and despite his professor's dismissive assessment ...，两个 Despite 构成递进式让步
③ that the black sludge clogging his flask was nothing but a worthless residue 为同位语从句，说明 assessment 的具体内容
④ clogging his flask 为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 the black sludge
⑤ 主句核心 the eighteen-year-old Perkin persisted with his experiments
⑥ convinced that his failure ... must be due to impurities ... rather than to any flaw ... 为过去分词短语作原因状语，内含 that 宾语从句与 rather than 并列结构
⑦ a determination that ultimately led him to discover ... 为同位语 + 定语从句，对前文 perseverance 作出总结
语法重点
Despite + 名词/动名词 vs. Although + 从句（写作提分点）
Despite having little understanding ... = Although he had little understanding ... Despite 是介词，后接名词或动名词；Although 是从属连词，后接完整句子，二者不可混用
2. 同位语从句 vs. 定语从句的判定
assessment that the sludge ... was a worthless residue：that 后为完整句子且不缺成分，故为同位语从句
若 that 在从句中充当主语或宾语，则为定语从句；同位语从句常见于 assessment / fact / evidence / possibility 等抽象名词之后
3. A rather than B 并列 + be due to 归因表达
due to impurities ... rather than to any flaw：rather than 连接两个对称介词短语，注意第二个 to 不可省
be due to = be attributed to / result from，写作中用于客观归因，比 because of 更正式
3
生词+重点词
rudimentary /ˌruːdɪˈmentri/
词性：adj. 基本的，初步的 释义：basic; dealing with only the simplest parts of a subject
• a rudimentary understanding 粗浅的理解
• rudimentary knowledge / equipment 基础知识 / 简陋设备
dismissive /dɪsˈmɪsɪv/
词性：adj. 轻蔑的，不屑一顾的 释义：showing that you think someone or something is not worth considering
• a dismissive assessment 不屑的评价
• be dismissive of 对……嗤之以鼻；dismiss v. 不予理会
synthesise /ˈsɪnθəsaɪz/
词性：v. 合成，综合 释义：to produce a substance by combining chemical elements or compounds
• synthesise quinine 合成奎宁
• synthetic adj. 合成的；synthesis n. 合成，综合
impurity /ɪmˈpjʊərəti/
词性：n. 杂质，不纯之物 释义：a substance present in small amounts that makes something dirty or of poor quality
• impurities in the raw materials 原料中的杂质
• impure adj. 不纯的；purity n. 纯度，纯净
viable /ˈvaɪəbl/
词性：adj. 可行的，能存活的 释义：able to work successfully; capable of surviving or developing
• commercially viable 商业上可行的
• a viable alternative 可行的替代方案；viability n. 可行性
4
每日一练
翻译下面句子：
Had a captive breeding programme been established while a handful of individuals still survived in the remote wilderness of Tasmania, the thylacine might conceivably have escaped the fate that overtook it, though whether a species reduced to such tiny numbers could ever have recovered remains doubtful.
倘若珀金在老师宣布实验失败的那一刻便放弃了研究——如同他那个年纪的大多数学者会毫不犹豫地做的那样——现代化学工业的发展恐怕会被推迟数十年，因为正是他那次偶然的发现，既开创了合成染料工业，又激发了对其他人造物质的探索。
写在最后
雅思就是打开海外生活的钥匙，是和外国人畅快聊天的底气。你背的单词、练的作文，都在帮你铺好留学路，大胆冲，你一定能行！
