高考英语题型训练 06:阅读理解专题

Virtual Gardening Workshops

■ April 16, 1:00 pm, Light and Environment Workshop, The Sill $10

    Wondering the secret to keeping your plants alive? Tune in to learn the importance of light and placement in your home.

■ April 22, 5:30 pm–7:30 pm, Planning an Urban Vegetable Garden, Brooklyn Grange $25

    Happy Earth Day! Spend the evening with Brooklyn Grange CEO and Co-founder, Ben Flanner, who will teach you how to grow the most vegetables in the limited space that you have. 

■April 22, 6:30 pm, How to Repot (移植)Your Plant Online Workshop, The Sill $10

    Are your plants getting too big for their planters? Learn how to safely repot your houseplants. 

■April 23–May 9, A Four-Part Soil Fertility Intensive, Brooklyn Grange, $195 for all 4 classes

Gain a deeper understanding of soil health with long-time farmer and soil educator Molly Culver. 

■April 30, 1:00 pm, Watering & Fertilizing Online Workshop, The Sill $10

    This is the 101 course on watering and fertilizing your indoor plants. 

■May 15, 5:30 pm–7:30 pm, Introduction to Microgreens, Brooklyn Grange, $25

    What are microgreens and how can you grow them at home? Brooklyn Grange Microgreens Manager, Jane Scruggs, will walk you through the planting and harvesting process. 

1. How much should you pay for the course about how to water your indoor plants?

A. $4.   

B. $10.   

C. $25.   

D. $195. 

2. Which workshop will teach you to grow the most vegetables in the limited space?

A. Light and Environment Workshop. 

B. Planning an Urban Vegetable Garden. 

C. How to Repot Your Plant Online Workshop. 

D. A Four-Part Soil Fertility Intensive. 

3. If you want to learn something about the whole planting process, when could you watch the video?

A. On April 16.     

B. On April 22. 

C. On April 30.     

D. On May 15. 

·alive  adj. 活着的；有生气的；有活力的

·limited  adj. 有限的

·gain  vt. & vi. 受益；获得（好处）

·fertilize  vt. 施肥于；使受孕

Spend the evening with Brooklyn Grange CEO and Co-founder, Ben Flanner, who will teach you how to grow the most vegetables in the limited space that you have. (Para. 2)

这是一个主从复合句。主句为祈使句；who引导___________________；that引导_________。

I was about to explain the meaning of the word “gossamer (蛛丝)” to my five-year-old students. We were learning one of Shel Silverstein’s poems. I paused as one kid waved his hand at me. 

“Yes?” I asked. 

“Once I got caught in spider (蜘蛛) web because I didn’t see it,” he said. 

“That’s gossamer!” I shouted excitedly. “You walked into it because you couldn’t see it. Gossamer things are hard to see. They are delicate.” 

Gossamer is also how I might describe the voices of shy, young children. I can only hear them if I am close enough. They are the children who grow red in the face if I call on them, or whisper, “I don’t know.” even when they do know. I don’t want them to give up. I want them to be comfortable being heard. 

Shy children rarely practice speaking. Without practice, fear of speaking grows. That is why I decided to make poetry learning a routine in my class. It took only three weeks, a small bit of practice each day, for each of my 17 students to learn a lengthy poem. By December, a remarkable shift occurred. The “shyest” children were as eager to recite aloud as the outgoing ones. 

I always chose poems that were relevant to things they might notice, things they might talk about if they had the words. In September, we learned Mary Ann Hoberman’s Gray Squirrel (松鼠), and when they played outside, they would read the poem aloud to the squirrels running past.

In the beginning of the year, about half the children would say “pass” when we went around the circle to practice a poem. By December, the percentage dropped to zero. In particular, it is the shyest students who volunteer to go first. 

When spoken language becomes a comfortable extension of a child’s being, speaking confidently is no longer a difficulty. Learning poetry is a straightforward way to increase confidence and vocabulary and meanwhile students can enjoy the beauty of language. The words will stay with you.

4. What function do the first four paragraphs serve in the whole text?

A. As an explanation.    

B. As an introduction. 

C. As a comment.    

D. As a background.

5. What helps the author’s shy students become confident?

A. Excellent memory.    

B. Passion for literature.

C. Desire for a poetic life.   

D. Poetry reciting.

6. Why does the author choose close-to-life poems for students to learn?

A. To help them find the beauty of life.

B. To teach them to be better observers.

C. To develop their interest for reciting poetry. 

D. To make it easier for them to write poetry. 

7. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Shy Away from Shyness

B. Power of Poetry for Shy Children

C. Poetry—Life Reflected in Literature

D. Literature Lights the Way for Children

·get caught in 突然遭受

·delicate  adj. 纤细的；微小的

·lengthy  adj. 很长的；漫长的

·remarkable  adj. 显著的；引人注目的

·in particular 特别地

·straightforward  adj. 简单的；易懂的

They are the children who grow red in the face if I call on them, or whisper, “I don’t know.” even when they do know. (Para. 5)

这是一个主从复合句。who引导的___________修饰“_________”；if引导______________；when引导_______________。

After a busy day, a bar of chocolate, a pack of cookies or a tub of ice cream can offer relief, but controlling this emotionally charged comfort eating can be difficult. 

    New research has found music to be a useful tool to limit how much one eats when powering through a pile of snacks. Researchers asked 360 women to list three songs that they regularly listen to when sad or stressed. One needed to fit into the “solace (慰藉)” category, which the individual found comforting; one was a “diversion” to distract the participant from their anxiety with positive music; and the other was a “discharge” tune, intended to help blow off some steam.

    The participants were told they were taking part in research on something unrelated, and the provided treats—cookies, chocolate, crisps, jelly sweets or popcorn—were there purely for their enjoyment. In fact, the researchers deliberately made them sad or stressed, played them various songs and then weighed how much of each snack was consumed.

They found that when a person was sad, the discharge category of music led to the lowest amount of comfort eating. When a person was stressed, it was solace that was most effective. Overall, the most popular music chosen by the participants was from Stormzy and Nicki Minaj, but Ariana Grande was a common choice for diversion, Ed Sheeran for discharge and Lana Del Rey for solace.

    “Certain types of music listening may be effective in reducing food consumption, depending upon the emotion induced,” the researchers said. “After a sadness induction, participants in the discharge condition, and to a lesser extent the solace condition, ate significantly less than the control condition. Following a stress induction, participants ate less food in the solace condition compared to the control condition.”

    “With the current research we have provided evidence of the possibility that music listening may also be used effectively to reduce the urge to overeat. This research also has practical implications, as it allows for the development of new behavioral strategies for individuals to adopt in order to regulate their emotions more effectively.”

8. What does the underlined phrase “blow off some steam” probably mean in paragraph 2?

A. Release some emotion. 

B. Let out some extra vapor.

C. Explode with too much pressure. 

D. Give away some secret information.

9. What did the researchers do on purpose in the study?

A. Play pop music for the participants. 

B. Make the participants sad or stressed. 

C. Provide threats for the participants to enjoy. 

D. Weigh the consumed snacks in total. 

10. Whose music may benefit a person feeling stressed?

A. Ed Sheeran’s.     

B. Ariana Grande’s.

C. Nicki Minaj’s.     

D. Lana Del Rey’s.

11. What might the researchers advise people who emotionally eat to do?

A. Pay attention to their behaviors at a concert. 

B. Develop their own new behavioral strategies.

C. Stop their comfort eating by listening to music. 

D. Eat food depending on their mood at the moment. 

·power  vi. & vt. （使）迅猛移动（熟词生义）；驱动

·distract  vt. 转移（注意力）；使分心

·deliberately  adv. 故意；小心翼翼地

·effective  adj. 有效的；实际的；生效的

·induce  vt. 引起；导致；诱使

·implication  n. 可能的影响（或作用、结果）

This research also has practical implications, as it allows for the development of new behavioral strategies for individuals to adopt in order to regulate their emotions more effectively. (Para. 6)

这是一个主从复合句。as引导_______________，其中“the development of new behavioral strategies”作宾语，“in order to regulate their emotions more effectively”作__________。

With the DJ shouting in a strong local accent and spectators seating themselves wherever they could find a spot to view the game, two teams of basketball players who were no other than the local villagers played under professional-class format and refereeing (裁判) and the game became tense in the last seconds of the fourth quarter. 

The rescheduled final game of the Guizhou country basketball league, known as “Village Basketball Association”, was played in Taipan Village, a remote rural area with a population of only 1,200, in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province on Monday after a local downpour hit on Sunday night. Team Qiandongnan beat Team Zunyi by a score of 68 to 65. 

There were more spectators for this game, although it was a weekday, compared with the 30,000-strong crowd seen during the past weekend when the third-place game went viral. 

The festival-turned-competition is a magnet gathering for local villagers during the less busy farming season and visitors looking for a special local experience. 

How can a grass-roots competition be more attractive to people like me than professional games? I think it’s because sport essentially originates from the grass roots and everybody can find the most available social connections by being a part of it. 

The Village BA reminded me of my tour in Yangshuo of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region where I was getting tired of the landscape scenery until I encountered a local basketball game on my way back to the hotel. I decided to take a rest and sat on the bare ground by the court, rubbing shoulders with locals and visitors and letting out whatever I wanted. Like the players of the Village BA in Guizhou, the winning team in Yangshuo was awarded nothing more than local products such as live ducks and cooked meat. 

The sudden popularity of the Village BA could be due to the universal social media and the users’ tendency to explore something different from their surroundings. But what may remain lasting and grow even bigger is people’s pursuit of spiritual nutrition and the grass-roots sport is one of the top destinations that are easy to reach.

12. What do we know about the Village BA?

A. Its players are amateurs.

B. It is divided into two quarters.

C. Its spectators are local villagers.

D. It is tenser than professional games.

13. What does the author think of the grass-roots competition?

A. It is available to everyone.

B. It trains professional players.

C. It is played without strict rules.

D. It helps people find social connections.

14. Why does the author mention his tour in Yangshuo?

A. To show the popularity of the Village BA.

B. To praise the place for its beautiful landscape.

C. To reflect the financial problems of the Village BA.

D. To prove the players of the Village BA are amateurs.

15. What is most important for the popularity of the Village BA?

A. People’s concerns about fame.

B. People’s spiritual needs.

C. People’s desire for wealth.

D. People’s social connections.

·spectator n. 观看者，观众

·go viral 迅速传播

·magnet  n. 有吸引力的事物（熟词生义）；磁铁

·originate from 起源于

·encounter vt. 偶然碰到

·pursuit  n. 追求；寻找

The Village BA reminded me of my tour in Yangshuo of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region where I was getting tired of the landscape scenery until I encountered a local basketball game on my way back to the hotel. (Para. 6)

这是一个主从复合句。where引导的__________修饰“Yangshuo”，where在从句中作__________；until引导_____________。

【语篇解读】

本文主要介绍了几个网上的园艺研讨会。这些研讨会分别介绍了光照、浇水、肥料、土壤、移植等相关的园艺知识。

【答案解析】

1. B 细节理解题。根据题干中的“water your indoor plants”定位到第五个研讨会，由“The Sill $10”可知，应选B。

2. B 细节理解题。根据题干中的“grow the most vegetables in the limited space”定位到第二个研讨会，由“April 22, 5:30 pm–7:30 pm,Planning an Urban Vegetable Garden”可知，应选B。

3. D 细节理解题。根据题干中的“the whole planting process”定位到最后一个研讨会，由“May 15, 5:30 pm–7:30 pm, Introduction to Microgreens”可知，应选D。

【长难句分析答案】

非限制性定语从句；定语从句

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为老师，通过带领学生们学习诗歌，帮助害羞的孩子克服心理难关，逐渐建立自信的故事。

【答案解析】

4. B 推理判断题。在文章前四段中，作者由上课时给学生们讲解“蛛丝”一事引出文章的主要内容——孩子们因害羞不敢在公开场合发言。故选B。

5. D 细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知，作者为了让孩子们敢于在大家面前发言，每天让他们学习诗歌，后来连最害羞的孩子都勇于朗诵，更加自信了。故选D。

6. C 推理判断题。根据第七段中的“I always chose poems that were relevant to things they might notice, things they might talk about if they had the words.”可知，作者给学生选的诗的内容都与学生平时容易注意到或谈论的身边事物有关，这样他们再谈及这些事物时，可以很自然地引用所学的诗句，这种教学方式可以培养学生朗诵诗歌的兴趣。故选C。

7. B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者作为老师，通过带领学生学习并练习朗诵诗歌，帮助害羞的学生逐渐克服心理障碍，让他们敢于在众人面前自信地发言，积极参与集体活动，这正是诗歌的力量对于害羞的孩子的影响，B项最能概括文章主旨。故选B。

【长难句分析答案】

定语从句；children；条件状语从句；时间状语从句

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，一些类型的音乐可以有效地控制情绪性进食。

【答案解析】

8. A 词义猜测题。根据第四段的“when a person was sad, the discharge category of music led to the lowest amount of comfort eating”和第五段的“After a sadness induction, participants in the discharge condition”可知，画线短语表示“释放悲伤情绪”。“blow off (some) steam”意为“宣泄不满，发泄情绪”。故选A。

9. B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“In fact, the researchers deliberately made them sad or stressed”可知，研究人员故意让参与者感到悲伤或紧张。故选B。

10. D 细节理解题。根据第四段的“When a person was stressed, it was solace that was most effective.”和“Lana Del Rey for solace”可知，当一个人感到压力时，最有效的减少情绪性进食的音乐类型是慰藉型音乐，而Lana Del Rey的音乐正属于这一音乐类型。故选D。

11. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“With the current research we have provided evidence of the possibility that music listening may also be used effectively to reduce the urge to overeat.”可知，该研究证明了听音乐可能会有效地减轻暴饮暴食的冲动。因此，研究人员会建议情绪性进食者通过听音乐来减轻过度饮食。故选C。 

【长难句分析答案】

原因状语从句；目的状语

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在贵州省一个仅有1200人的偏远村庄举行的“村BA”冠军争夺战，超3万人现场观战，最终黔东南队以68比65战胜遵义队，获得“村BA”总决赛冠军。

【答案解析】

12. A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“two teams of basketball players who were no other than the local villagers played under professional-class format”可知，参加比赛的都是当地村民，说明参赛选手都是业余爱好者。故选A。

13. D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“I think it’s because sport essentially originates from the grass roots and everybody can find the most available social connections by being a part of it.”可知，作者认为这种草根比赛能够帮助人们找到社会联系。故选D。

14. A 推理判断题。根据第六段的内容可知，作者回忆了自己在阳朔旅行的经历，对风景感到厌倦时，看到当地的一场篮球比赛后顿时被吸引了，这说明了这种草根比赛的受欢迎程度。故选A。

15. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But what may remain lasting and grow even bigger is people’s pursuit of spiritual nutrition”可知，人们的精神追求是“村BA”流行的主要原因。故选B。

【长难句分析答案】

定语从句；地点状语；时间状语从句